Unit 8 Making a Difference 单元核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元练习（人教版）

**基本信息** 初中英语单元复习专项训练，围绕Unit 8核心词汇与语法，通过单词变形、词汇拼写、句型补全及语篇填空模块，构建从词到句再到语篇的渐进式语言能力训练体系。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词变形填空|15题（如warm→warmly）|考查词性转换与固定搭配|从基础词法（动词、名词等变形）过渡到语境应用| |汉语提示写单词|15题（如“志愿者”→volunteers）|聚焦核心词汇拼写与语境匹配|强化单元重点词汇的音形义结合| |完成句子|10题（如“最重要的是”→Above all else）|检测句型结构与固定表达|连接词法与句法，提升语言组织能力| |短文填空|20题（含时态、代词等）|综合语篇中语法知识应用|整合词法、句法与语篇逻辑，培养语言综合运用能力|

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 8 Making a Difference 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 1．She threw her arms around his neck and hugged him ________ (warm). 【答案】warmly 【详解】句意：她伸出双臂搂住他的脖子，并热情地拥抱了他。“hugged”是动词，空处需要副词来修饰这个动作，warm的副词形式为warmly，意为“热情地”。 2．She tried to make a good ________ (impress) on the interviewer. 【答案】impression 【详解】句意：她试图给面试官留下一个好印象。“good”为形容词，后需接名词，impress的名词形式为impression。固定搭配“make a good impression on sb.”，意为“给某人留下好印象”。 3．He refused ________ (accept) the money and decided to make money by himself. 【答案】to accept 【详解】句意：他拒绝接受那笔钱，并决定自己赚钱。refuse to do sth.是固定用法，意为“拒绝做某事”，因此此处填动词不定式to accept。 4．Who is the ________ (own) of the house? 【答案】owner 【详解】句意：谁是这所房子的主人？句中“the…(own) of the house”需要填入一个名词，表示“所有者”。own的名词形式是owner，意为“物主，所有人”。 5．Every year nine million overseas ________ (visitor) come to the city. 【答案】visitors 【详解】句意：每年有九百万海外游客来到这座城市。visitor是可数名词，意为“游客”。句中“nine million”（九百万）表示数量很多，后面的可数名词需要使用复数形式，故填visitors。 6．The old man was nervous to face the ________ (interview) because it was his first time. 【答案】interviewer/interviewers 【详解】句意：这位老人因为第一次面对（一位/多位）面试官而感到紧张。句中“the”为定冠词，后面需要接名词作宾语。interview的名词形式有interviewer（面试官）和interviewee（被面试者）。根据句意，老人面对的是“面试官”，应用interviewer。此处可表示单数（一位面试官）或复数（多位面试官），故填interviewer或interviewers均可。 7．He used to ________ (smoke) a lot, but now he has given it up. 【答案】smoke 【详解】句意：他过去抽烟很凶，但现在他已经戒掉了。所给动词为smoke（吸烟）。表示“过去常常做某事（但现在不做了）”，用固定结构used to do sth.，其中to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 8．She was so busy that she ________ (complete) forgot about our meeting yesterday afternoon. 【答案】completely 【详解】句意：她太忙了，以至于昨天下午完全忘记了我们的会议。根据句子结构，空格处需要修饰动词forgot，应使用副词形式，complete是形容词，需变为副词completely，表示“完全地”。故填completely。 9．Hard work is the key to ________ (succeed). If you want to achieve something, you must put in a lot of effort. 【答案】 success 【详解】句意：努力是成功的关键。如果你想有所成就，就必须付出很多努力。“the key to…”是固定搭配，表示“……的关键”，后面必须接名词。括号里的succeed是动词，需要变成名词形式success（成功）。 10．Our school is going to collect ________ (donate) to help the elderly in the nursing home. 【答案】donations 【详解】句意：我们学校将要收集捐款来帮助养老院的老人。根据句子结构，动词collect后需接名词作宾语，donate是动词，需变为名词形式donation，且表示“各类捐款”时常用复数形式donations。故填donations。 11．After all, every life is worth ________ (save).​ 【答案】 saving 【详解】句意：毕竟，每一条生命都值得被拯救。 固定结构be worth doing sth.值得做某事，主动形式表达被动含义，save的动名词形式为saving。 12．He prefers ______ (read) the book to watching the movie. 【答案】reading 【详解】句意：比起看电影，他更喜欢读书。固定搭配prefer doing sth. to doing sth，括号内的动词read需要变为动名词形式reading。 13．The girl ________ (teach) me how to look after the elderly when I volunteered there 【答案】 taught 【详解】句意：当我在那里做志愿者时，那个女孩教我如何照顾老人。句中“when I volunteered there”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。teach的过去式为taught。 14．The local library offers free courses to help ________ (young) learn coding skills. 【答案】youth 【详解】句意：当地图书馆提供免费课程来帮助年轻人学习编程技能。 “young”意为“年轻的”，此处需要名词形式表示“年轻人”，“youth”可指年轻人（群体），符合语境，故填youth。 15．The school held various ________ (active) to celebrate the Science Festival last month. 【答案】activities 【详解】句意：上个月，学校举办了各种活动来庆祝科学节。active“活跃的”，形容词。根据“held various...”，举办各种各样的“活动”。对应的名词形式为activity，可数，位于various之后，用复数activities。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 16．Every child will grow up to be a(n) ________ (成年人) and face different life challenges. 【答案】adult 【详解】句意：每个孩子长大后会成为成年人并面临不同的人生挑战。此处表示“成年人”用名词“adult”，因为“a(n)”后需接可数名词单数，故填adult。 17．The kangaroo has a ________ (口袋) to carry its baby. 【答案】pocket 【详解】句意：袋鼠有一个口袋来携带它的宝宝。根据中文提示“口袋”，应填名词pocket。不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。故填pocket。 18．They held many ________ (慈善) shows to raise money for AIDS research. 【答案】charity 【详解】句意：他们举办了许多慈善演出，为艾滋病研究筹集资金。括号内的“慈善”修饰后面的名词shows（演出），需要用名词作定语，charity shows意为“慈善演出”，符合题意。 19．Our teacher said this English dictionary is ________ (实用的) for solving word problems. 【答案】practical 【详解】句意：我们老师说这本英语词典对解决单词问题很实用。句子中is是系动词，此处需要形容词作表语，用来补充说明这本英语词典的属性；应填形容词practical“实用的”。 20．The ________ (观众) cheered loudly when the team won the school competition. 【答案】audience 【详解】句意：当这支队伍赢下学校比赛时，观众大声欢呼。题干提示词为“观众”，对应单词就是audience； audience是集合名词，本身可指代整体观众群体，空格在定冠词the后，直接用原形即可，符合句子语法和语义要求。 21．These ________ (志愿者) always devote their spare time to helping others. 【答案】volunteers 【详解】句意：这些志愿者总是把他们的业余时间奉献给帮助他人。根据中文提示可知，“志愿者”对应的英文是volunteer，是可数名词，此处作主语，根据“these”可知，用复数形式，故填volunteers。 22．Never ________ (低估) the power of continuous small good deeds. 【答案】underestimate 【详解】句意：永远不要低估持续的小善举的力量。根据中文提示可知，“低估”对应的英文是underestimate，是动词，此处为祈使句的否定形式，用动词原形，故填underestimate。 23．We should often visit the ________ (孤独的) old people in our neighborhood. 【答案】lonely 【详解】句意：我们应该经常去看望我们小区里孤独的老人。此处填形容词，在句子作定语修饰后面名词短语“old people”。lonely“孤独的”，形容词，符合语境。 24．This volunteer ________ (组织) will clean the park near our home this weekend. 【答案】organization 【详解】句意：这个志愿者组织将于本周末清理我们家附近的公园。This后接名词单数形式，“组织”对应的英文organization，在句中作主语。 25．We should ________ (珍惜) the chance to learn from excellent teachers. 【答案】 cherish 【详解】句意：我们应当珍惜向优秀老师学习的机会。“珍惜”cherish，情态动词should后接动词原形。 26．His ________ (成就) in science have made him famous around the world. 【答案】 achievements 【详解】句意：他在科学上的成就使他闻名于世。“成就”对应的名词是achievement，由于后文谓语使用have made（复数形式），且成就通常不止一项，因此填复数achievements。 27．The little girl has a wide ________ (知识) of children’s literature. 【答案】 knowledge 【详解】句意：这个小女孩有广泛的儿童文学知识。knowledge表示“知识”时，是不可数名词。 28．This book tells many interesting ________ (事实) about the ocean. 【答案】 facts 【详解】句意：这本书讲述了许多关于海洋的有趣事实。根据汉语提示“事实”，且many后接可数名词复数，因此fact需变为复数形式facts。 29．Her ________ (沉默) made everyone in the room feel nervous. 【答案】 silence 【详解】句意：她的沉默让房间里的每个人都感到紧张。空格前是形容词性物主代词Her，后面需要接名词，“沉默”对应的名词是silence，属于抽象名词，为不可数名词。 30．They are in ________ (危险) and we must help them at once. 【答案】danger 【详解】句意：他们处于危险之中，我们必须立刻帮助他们。固定短语in danger表示“处于危险中”。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．最重要的是， 别让你们自己失望。 ________ ________ ________, don’t let yourselves down. 【答案】 Most of all 【详解】原句中“最重要的是”是关键词，表示“最重要的是”的短语为“most of all”，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Most；of；all。 32．我在养老院帮忙, 并组织一些活动。 I ________ ________ at the old people’s home and I organize some activities. 【答案】 help out 【详解】原句中“帮忙”是关键词，表示“帮忙”的英文是help out，根据organize可知，时态为一般现在时，I作主语，谓语动词用原形。 33．这个项目老年人受益更多。 This project benefits ________ ________ more. 【答案】 the elderly 【详解】原句中“老年人”是关键词，表示“老年人”的短语是the elderly，为“the + 形容词”结构，表示一类人。故填the；elderly。 34．蛋糕一烤好，就把它从烤箱里拿出来。 ________ ________ ________ the cake is done, remove it from the oven. 【答案】 As soon as 【详解】原句中“一……就……”是关键词，表示“一……就……”的结构是as soon as，该短语位于句首，因此第一个单词的首字母需要大写。故填As；soon；as。 35．一个朋友是在你需要的时候出现的那个人。 A friend is someone who shows up when you are ________ ________. 【答案】 in need 【详解】原句中“需要”是关键词，“需要”对应的英文表达是“in need”，意为“处于需要中/有需要的”。其中“in need”作表语，放在be动词“are”之后，构成“be in need”的固定搭配。 36．就在我打算放弃的时候，一个好主意跟着就来了。 Just as I was about to give up, a good idea ________ ________. 【答案】 came up 【详解】原句中“跟着就来了(出现/发生)”是关键词，表示“跟着就来了(出现/发生)”的短语是come up，动作发生在过去，使用一般过去时，come的过去式是came。 37．这部电影如此感人，以至于很多观众忍不住流下了眼泪。 The movie was ________ ________ ________ many audience members couldn’t hold back their tears. 【答案】 so touching that 【详解】原句中“如此……以至于……”是关键词，用so...that...表示。本句为主从复合句，主从句时态一致，均用一般过去时。touching意为“感人的”。故填so；touching；that。 38．到目前为止，我已经读完了这本经典小说。 ________ ________, I have ________ ________ this classic novel. 【答案】 So far finished reading 【详解】原句中“到目前为止”和“已经读完了”是关键词。“到目前为止”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，对应的固定短语是so far。位于句首首字母需大写，故第①②空填So；far。“做完(某事)”用动词finish，句中已有助动词have，因此第③空填finish的过去分词finished。动词finish后接动词时，需用动名词形式，故第④空填reading。 39．他迫不及待地想要阅读那本新故事书。 He ________ ________ ________ read the new storybook. 【答案】 can’t wait to 【详解】原句中“迫不及待”是关键词，表示“迫不及待做某事”的固定短语为“can’t wait to do sth.”。故填can’t；wait；to。 40．小小的行动可以对我们的生活产生影响。 Small actions can ________ ________ ________ ________ our lives. 【答案】 make a difference to 【详解】原文中“产生影响”是关键词，根据中文“对我们的生活产生影响”，“make a difference to...”表示“对……产生影响/起作用”的短语,强调行动带来的积极改变。情态动词can后接动词原形，因此第一空动词使用原形make。 四、短文填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the corner of my room stands a piano. It takes up a large part of the space and it is the most important thing in my room. I 41 (have) this piano for five years. It was a gift from my dear grandma on my tenth birthday. At that time, buying a piano was not an easy thing for our family. Grandma 42 (save) every cent and visited countless stores, comparing prices and qualities (质量), trying to get the best one for me. When I first 43 (get) it, you wouldn’t imagine how excited I was. Since then, it 44 (be) a big part of my life. Every time I sat down to practise, Grandma would quietly sit beside me. Even though she 45 (not know) how to play the piano, her eyes would light up with warmth and pride (自豪) as she watched me play. She would encourage me with soft words like, “You 46 (do) great. Keep going!” We spent many afternoons like this, with me learning to play and her offering silent support (无声的支持). Sadly, Grandma passed away two years ago. But every time I 47 (sit) at the piano and start to play, it feels like she is right beside me. I 48 (keep) practising over the past two years since her passing, and the piano 49 (become) a bridge to my memories of Grandma. Even though Grandma is no longer here, the love she gave me through this piano 50 (stay) with me forever. 【答案】 41．have had 42．saved 43．got 44．has been 45．didn’t know 46．have done 47．sit 48．have kept 49．has become 50．will stay 【导语】本文讲述了作者拥有一架奶奶赠送的钢琴，回忆了奶奶陪伴自己练琴的温暖时光，奶奶离世后钢琴成为作者思念奶奶的情感寄托。 【详解】41．句意：我拥有这架钢琴五年了。句中的时间状语“for five years”表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时。 42．句意：奶奶省下每一分钱，逛了无数家店，对比价格和质量，尽力为我买到最好的钢琴。本段讲述作者十岁生日时奶奶买钢琴的过往经历，属于过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时。 43．句意：当我第一次得到它的时候，你无法想象我有多激动。本句讲述第一次收到钢琴时的情景，是过去发生的一次性动作，需用一般过去时。 44．句意：从那以后，它就成了我生活中重要的一部分。“Since then”为现在完成时的标志词，表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，需用现在完成时。 45．句意：尽管她不懂如何弹钢琴，但看着我弹奏时，她的眼里满是温暖和自豪。本句描述过去奶奶陪伴作者练琴时的状态，属于过去的状态，需用一般过去时的否定形式。 46．句意：你做得很棒。继续加油！本句是奶奶对作者练琴成果的肯定，强调练琴动作持续到此刻产生的效果，需用现在完成时。 47．句意：但每次我坐在钢琴前开始弹奏，都感觉她就在我身边。“every time” 引导经常性、习惯性的动作，句子为一般现在时，主语为 I，动词用原形。 48．句意：奶奶离开后的这两年里，我一直坚持练习。句中“over the past two years”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时。 49．句意：钢琴也成为了我回忆奶奶的桥梁。动作“成为”发生在过去，且对现在造成持续影响，需用现在完成时。 50．句意：即便奶奶已经不在了，她通过这架钢琴给予我的爱会永远陪伴着我。句中“forever”表示将来的状态，动作发生在将来，需用一般将来时。 It’s my best 51 (choose) to volunteer at the Blue Ocean Discovery Center. It was 52 second year of my senior high school. I wanted to do something fun and meaningful. When I 53 (see) the notice about the volunteer job, I applied for (申请) it. During that summer I had 54 (much) fun than I could have imagined. The workers were so kind and helpful 55 we developed a good relationship soon. They taught me many things. It didn’t take me long 56 (learn) about the facts of every animal in the center. I signed up to work four hours a day. However, every day I tried to find excuses to stay longer. I repeatedly spoke with 57 (visitor) about the animals, but I never got bored. The joy I got from this work was nothing like I ever felt before. I shared stories of how these animals were rescued and got well. I answered their questions with great joy. They showed the same curiosity as me, and my love for animals grew stronger. We learned from each other during every talk. I loved this volunteer experience. Because 58 it, I decided to study animal care in college. Now, I spend my learning time 59 (happy) with many animal friends around me. I hope I can get a chance to work with 60 (they) when I graduate from college next year. 【答案】 51．choice 52．the 53．saw 54．more 55．that 56．to learn 57．visitors 58．of 59．happily 60．them 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者高中时在蓝色海洋探索中心做志愿者的经历，这次经历让她坚定了大学学习动物护理专业的决心。 【详解】51．句意：在蓝色海洋探索中心做志愿者是我最好的选择。形容词“best”后需接名词。“choose”的名词形式是“choice”。 52．句意：那是我高中的第二年。序数词“second”前需加定冠词“the”，表示“第几”。 53．句意：当我看到这则志愿者工作的通知时，我申请了它。主句动词“applied”为过去式，“when”引导的时间状语从句时态需保持一致，因此“see”用过去式“saw”。 54．句意：那个夏天，我玩得比想象中开心得多。“than”是比较级的标志词，“much”的比较级为“more”。 55．句意：工作人员非常友善和乐于助人，我们很快就建立了良好的关系。“so...that...”是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 56．句意：我没花多长时间就了解了中心里每种动物的情况。“It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”，因此用“to learn”。 57．句意：我反复和游客们谈论这些动物，但我从不感到无聊。此处表示泛指“游客们”，需用复数形式“visitors”。 58．句意：因为这次经历，我决定在大学学习动物护理专业。“because of”是固定短语，后接名词、代词或动名词，意为“因为”；而“because”后接句子，因此此处用“of”。 59．句意：现在，我快乐地和身边许多动物朋友一起度过学习时光。修饰“spend”需用副词，“happy”的副词形式是“happily”。 60．句意：我希望明年大学毕业时，能有机会和它们一起工作。介词“with”后需接人称代词的宾格形式，“they”的宾格是“them”。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 8 Making a Difference 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 1．She threw her arms around his neck and hugged him ________ (warm). 2．She tried to make a good ________ (impress) on the interviewer. 3．He refused ________ (accept) the money and decided to make money by himself. 4．Who is the ________ (own) of the house? 5．Every year nine million overseas ________ (visitor) come to the city. 6．The old man was nervous to face the ________ (interview) because it was his first time. 7．He used to ________ (smoke) a lot, but now he has given it up. 8．She was so busy that she ________ (complete) forgot about our meeting yesterday afternoon. 9．Hard work is the key to ________ (succeed). If you want to achieve something, you must put in a lot of effort. 10．Our school is going to collect ________ (donate) to help the elderly in the nursing home. 11．After all, every life is worth ________ (save).​ 12．He prefers ______ (read) the book to watching the movie. 13．The girl ________ (teach) me how to look after the elderly when I volunteered there 14．The local library offers free courses to help ________ (young) learn coding skills. 15．The school held various ________ (active) to celebrate the Science Festival last month. 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 16．Every child will grow up to be a(n) ________ (成年人) and face different life challenges. 17．The kangaroo has a ________ (口袋) to carry its baby. 18．They held many ________ (慈善) shows to raise money for AIDS research. 19．Our teacher said this English dictionary is ________ (实用的) for solving word problems. 20．The ________ (观众) cheered loudly when the team won the school competition. 21．These ________ (志愿者) always devote their spare time to helping others. 22．Never ________ (低估) the power of continuous small good deeds. 23．We should often visit the ________ (孤独的) old people in our neighborhood. 24．This volunteer ________ (组织) will clean the park near our home this weekend. 25．We should ________ (珍惜) the chance to learn from excellent teachers. 26．His ________ (成就) in science have made him famous around the world. 27．The little girl has a wide ________ (知识) of children’s literature. 28．This book tells many interesting ________ (事实) about the ocean. 29．Her ________ (沉默) made everyone in the room feel nervous. 30．They are in ________ (危险) and we must help them at once. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．最重要的是， 别让你们自己失望。 ________ ________ ________, don’t let yourselves down. 32．我在养老院帮忙, 并组织一些活动。 I ________ ________ at the old people’s home and I organize some activities. 33．这个项目老年人受益更多。 This project benefits ________ ________ more. 34．蛋糕一烤好，就把它从烤箱里拿出来。 ________ ________ ________ the cake is done, remove it from the oven. 35．一个朋友是在你需要的时候出现的那个人。 A friend is someone who shows up when you are ________ ________. 36．就在我打算放弃的时候，一个好主意跟着就来了。 Just as I was about to give up, a good idea ________ ________. 37．这部电影如此感人，以至于很多观众忍不住流下了眼泪。 The movie was ________ ________ ________ many audience members couldn’t hold back their tears. 38．到目前为止，我已经读完了这本经典小说。 ________ ________, I have ________ ________ this classic novel. 39．他迫不及待地想要阅读那本新故事书。 He ________ ________ ________ read the new storybook. 40．小小的行动可以对我们的生活产生影响。 Small actions can ________ ________ ________ ________ our lives. 四、短文填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the corner of my room stands a piano. It takes up a large part of the space and it is the most important thing in my room. I 41 (have) this piano for five years. It was a gift from my dear grandma on my tenth birthday. At that time, buying a piano was not an easy thing for our family. Grandma 42 (save) every cent and visited countless stores, comparing prices and qualities (质量), trying to get the best one for me. When I first 43 (get) it, you wouldn’t imagine how excited I was. Since then, it 44 (be) a big part of my life. Every time I sat down to practise, Grandma would quietly sit beside me. Even though she 45 (not know) how to play the piano, her eyes would light up with warmth and pride (自豪) as she watched me play. She would encourage me with soft words like, “You 46 (do) great. Keep going!” We spent many afternoons like this, with me learning to play and her offering silent support (无声的支持). Sadly, Grandma passed away two years ago. But every time I 47 (sit) at the piano and start to play, it feels like she is right beside me. I 48 (keep) practising over the past two years since her passing, and the piano 49 (become) a bridge to my memories of Grandma. Even though Grandma is no longer here, the love she gave me through this piano 50 (stay) with me forever. It’s my best 51 (choose) to volunteer at the Blue Ocean Discovery Center. It was 52 second year of my senior high school. I wanted to do something fun and meaningful. When I 53 (see) the notice about the volunteer job, I applied for (申请) it. During that summer I had 54 (much) fun than I could have imagined. The workers were so kind and helpful 55 we developed a good relationship soon. They taught me many things. It didn’t take me long 56 (learn) about the facts of every animal in the center. I signed up to work four hours a day. However, every day I tried to find excuses to stay longer. I repeatedly spoke with 57 (visitor) about the animals, but I never got bored. The joy I got from this work was nothing like I ever felt before. I shared stories of how these animals were rescued and got well. I answered their questions with great joy. They showed the same curiosity as me, and my love for animals grew stronger. We learned from each other during every talk. I loved this volunteer experience. Because 58 it, I decided to study animal care in college. Now, I spend my learning time 59 (happy) with many animal friends around me. I hope I can get a chance to work with 60 (they) when I graduate from college next year. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $