第01讲 （译林版必修第一册）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语讲义聚焦必修第一册Unit1-4核心及阅读词汇，按“核心词汇（变形/拼写）-阅读词汇（词义/短语）”架构，以逻辑链串联考点（如“设定目标-迎接挑战-付出努力”），通过考情分析、思维建模、真题演练等环节，帮助学生突破词性转换、短语辨析等难点，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 资料创新采用“逻辑链记忆+短文故事识记”策略，如Unit2以“焦虑-压力-沟通”链整合anxious/anxiety等词，结合2025新高考真题实例培养思维品质，设置分层练习（基础变形、语法填空、句式训练）提升语言能力，助力学生高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

第01讲 必修第一册 词汇考点 目录 2 5 6 考点一 unit 1~unit 4 核心词汇 6 知识点1 核心单词知变形 6 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 12 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 16 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 16 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 18 21 一、 真题实战 23 二、 命题演练 25 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 Unit 1 Back to school potential, challenge, thinking, opportunity, effort, confidence, resource, facility, independent, focus, detail, base, remind, proposal, aim, style, technique, professional, material secondary, exchange, host, biology, tough, alarm, contribution, option, attract, former, graduate, develop, beginner, adult, carelessness Unit 2 Let's talk teens argument, anxious, tension, concern, normal, stress, struggle, breakdown, forgive, apologize, view, unique, identity, desire, regularly, responsible, patient, quality, respect, target teenager, rate, shoot, spot, mental, editor, expert, recommend, adventure, expert, measure, pressure, contribution, emotion, confused, misunderstood Unit 3 Getting along with others value, attitude, appreciate, definitely, benefit, community, measure, reflect, seek, escape, smooth, secure, maintain, quality, trick, forgive, contact, humble, judgement, shallow friendship, acquaintance, original, gossip, social, media, smartphone, technology, meaningful, enable, share, various, companion Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good concentrate, diet, nutrition, function, energy, effective, prove, slightly, slim, weight, pressure, contribution, memory, attack, amount, schedule, negative, treatment, reduce, system beauty, appearance, digital, series, self-esteem, fashion, extreme, expert, disease, physical, mental, positive, athlete Unit 1： Back to school 核心词汇考情 · challenge：完形常与 huge、face、rise to 搭配；语法填空考非谓语 challenging。 · effort：常考 make an effort 和 efforts pay off（2025全国甲卷完形）；应用文高分表达。 · independent：语法填空高频考 independence / independently 词性转换。 · focus：focus on 为高频短语（2023新高考Ⅱ卷、2025新高考Ⅰ卷）；语法填空考 focusing。 · opportunity：完形常与 take、seize、miss 搭配（2023全国乙卷）；阅读中与 chance 同义替换。 · goal：常与 set、achieve、reach 搭配，七选五和写作高频。 · potential：常考 realize one's potential；形容词修饰名词（potential danger）。 阅读词汇考情 · exchange：文化交流话题（2025新高考Ⅰ卷）；常考 in exchange for。 · former：人物介绍高频词；常与 latter 对比。 · option：活动介绍类信号词（2023新高考Ⅱ卷A篇），后常跟列举。 命题趋势 2023年全国甲卷七选五、2024年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇均涉及“学习方法与自我成长”主题。建议按“设定目标（goal）→迎接挑战（challenge）→付出努力（effort）→取得进步（progress）→培养独立性（independence）”的逻辑链串联记忆。语法填空重点掌握 independent/confidence/attract/graduate 等词的词性转换。 Unit 2： Let's talk teens 核心词汇考情 · struggle：完形心理描写高频；语法填空考 struggling / having struggled。 · anxious：完形核心心理词（2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇）；语法填空考 anxiety / anxiously。 · stress：与 anxious 共现（2025新高考Ⅰ卷完形）；stressed 与 stressful 辨析为经典考点。 · normal：七选五心理建议高频（2025全国乙卷）；与 abnormal 反义。 · view：from one's point of view 为观点态度题定位词。 · apologize / responsibility：完形和写作常成对出现（2025新高考Ⅱ卷），人物关系修复标志。 · desire：完形表人物动机（2023全国乙卷）。 · recommend：阅读引出建议标志词（2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇）；常考虚拟语气。 阅读词汇考情 · teenager / adult：亲子话题必考，常形成对比。 · unique：人物描述和建议类文本高频（2025北京卷）。 · editor / forum：新媒体类文本出现。 命题趋势 亲子关系、青少年心理健康是近年高考热点（2024年全国甲卷阅读C篇讲“独处”，2025年多卷涉及青少年压力）。应用文写作（建议信、道歉信）中，apologize、forgive、appreciate、recommend 为必备表达。语法填空重点掌握 anxious/anxiety、argue/argument、tense/tension、secure/security 等名词与形容词的转换。 Unit 3： Getting along with others 核心词汇考情 appreciate：应用文感谢信高频；后接动名词；语法填空考 appreciation。 benefit：完形高频动词（2024全国甲卷）；常考 benefit from 和 beneficial。 reflect：七选五高频（2023新高考Ⅰ卷：reflect on）；语法填空考 reflection。 seek：过去式 sought 为语法填空易错点；常考 seek help / advice。 escape：科技文常出现（2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇）；过去式 escaped。 measure：科技文动词“测量”（2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇），名词“措施”；take measures to do。 judge：观点态度题信号词（2023全国乙卷）；语法填空考 judgement。 contact：人际关系核心词；keep / stay in contact with sb.。 阅读词汇考情 gossip / social media：议论文常讨论人际交往负面影响。 meaningful / shallow：常构成反义对比。 quality：名词“品质”或形容词“优质的”；quality time 为写作高分表达。 thorough：与 understanding / investigation 搭配，表“彻底的”。 命题趋势 Unit 3 短语在完形填空和七选五中考查频繁：on the rocks（关系濒临崩溃）、let go of（放弃）、count on（依靠）、smooth out（消除问题）、through thick and thin（同甘共苦）、at a loss（不知所措）均为高频短语。2024年全国甲卷完形填空集中考查了 benefit from 和 enable sb. to do。建议将短语按“冲突—化解—修复”的逻辑链分类记忆。 Unit 4： Looking good, feeling good 核心词汇考情 · concentrate：科技与健康话题高频（2023新高考Ⅱ卷、2025新高考Ⅰ卷）；语法填空考 concentration。 · diet：健康类必考（2023全国甲卷七选五、2025浙江卷完形）；常与 balanced / healthy 搭配。 · reduce：健康类高频动词（2023全国甲卷七选五）；语法填空考 reduction。 · prove：阅读引出实验结论标志（2023新高考Ⅱ卷D篇）；语法填空考 proof（名词）。 · effective：健康建议高频形容词（2025北京卷）；语法填空考 effect / effectively。 · function：科技文动词“起作用”或名词“功能”；语法填空考 functional。 · negative / positive：七选五和阅读常成对出现（2025新高考Ⅰ卷）。 · memory：完形心理描写常出现（2025浙江卷读后续写）；语法填空考 memorize。 阅读词汇考情 · appearance：健康与美容话题；与 self-esteem、body image 共现。 · digital：科技文高频（digital devices / distraction），2023—2025年多卷涉及。 · series：既可表“一系列”也可表“电视剧/纪录片系列”。 · nutrition：健康饮食必考；与 nutrient、nutritious 构成词族。 · surgery / treatment：医疗健康话题常见。 命题趋势 2023年全国乙卷七选五（室内植物益处）、2023年全国甲卷七选五（健康生活方式）、2025年多卷心理健康话题，均使本单元词汇地位飙升。重点短语在完形填空和语法填空中高频出现：cut out（戒掉）、slim down（减肥）、get into shape（强身健体）、side effect（副作用）、take in（摄入）、contribute to（促成）、live up to（不辜负）、in the long term（从长期看）。建议按“问题—行动—结果”逻辑链串联记忆：饮食问题（diet）→戒掉坏习惯（cut out）→加强锻炼（work out）→恢复体形（get back in shape）→心理健康改善（mental well-being）。 考点一 unit 1-unit 4 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1.(2024·全国甲卷D篇)That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.  这就是为什么本期《作家文摘》旨在帮助你弄清楚如何为你正在写作的类型写出最佳结局。 2.(2023·全国乙卷七选五)Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity,focus and memory.  多项研究支持这一点，发现室内植物能提升创造力、专注力和记忆力。 3. (2026·新高考一卷阅读A篇) Transportation: For fans hoping to avoid parking, the City of Inglewood Park andRide program offers off-site parking with a shuttle that runs every 15 minutes to andfrom the stadium. GTrans, Torrance Transit and the Metro C Line are also convenient options. 交通：对于希望避免停车的球迷，英格尔伍德市的“公园换乘”项目提供场外停车，配备每15分钟往返体育场的班车。GTrans、托兰斯交通和地铁C线也是便捷的选择。 4. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空) The Silk Road enabled cultural exchange and promoted mutual learning among civilizations. 丝绸之路促进了文化交流，推动了不同文明之间的互学互鉴。 5. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇)The study found that many teenagers feel anxious about social situations, which may lead to mental stress. 研究发现许多青少年对社交场合感到焦虑，这可能会导致心理压力。 6. (2025·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读A篇)The best way to maintain a friendship is to keep in touch regularly and apologize when necessary. 维持友谊的最好方法是定期保持联系，并在必要时道歉。 7. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C篇) Constant phone notifications make it hard to concentrate, which can have a negative impact on study efficiency. 手机不断弹出的通知让人难以集中注意力，这会对学习效率产生负面影响。 Unit 1 1.challenge n.& vt.挑战;质疑→challenging adj.挑战性的;考验能力的 2.advance n.进步,进展;前进,行进 vt.&vi.发展,进步→advanced adj.高级的;先进的;高等的 3.amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的,令人惊喜的→amazed adj.惊讶的;惊喜的→amazev.使惊奇→amazement n.惊奇;惊愕;惊诧 4.confidence n.信心,信任;把握→confident adj.确信的;有信心的→confidently adv.自信地 5.equal adj.相等的;平等的;相当的 n.同等的人(物) linking v.与…相等 vt.比得上→equally adv.平等地;同样地→equality n.相等;平等 6.improve vt.&vi.改进,改善→improvement n.改进,改善 7.responsible adj.有责任,负责;可靠的→responsibility n.责任;义务→[反义词]irresponsible adj.不负责任的 8.independent adj.自主的,有主见的;自立的→independence n.独立;自主→depend vi.依靠;依赖→dependent adj.依靠的;从属的→dependence n.依靠;依赖 9.attract vt.吸引,使喜爱;招引;引起(反应)→attraction n.吸引,吸引力;有吸引力的事物或人→attractive adj.有吸引力的;引人注意的 10.biology n.生物学→biological adj.生物学的→biologically adv.生物学地→biologist n.生物学家 11.contribution n.贡献,捐款;捐赠;促成作用→contribute vt.贡献,捐赠;导致,促成;撰稿→contributor n.投稿人;捐献者;促成物 12.fortunately adv.幸运地,幸亏→fortune n.财富;运气→misfortune n.不幸→fortunate adj.幸运→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Facing the ______ (advance) technology exhibition, the young boy felt completely ______ (amaze), standing there with his mouth wide open in ______ (amaze). 2. The project was extremely ______ (challenge), but it helped me gain a lot of ______ (confident) in dealing with complex problems independently. 3. In order to ______ (improve) the quality of the products, the company made several key ______ (improve) to the production line last year. 4. His father’s constant warning finally made him realize the ______ (responsible) he should take, and he decided to become a more ______ (responsibly) adult. 5. Since he gained ______ (depend) financially, he no longer has to ______ (independent) on his parents for living expenses. 6. The ______ (biology) diversity of the rainforest has long been a research focus, and many ______ (biology) have devoted their lives to studying it. 7. The historical site has become a popular tourist ______ (attract), mainly because its unique architecture and cultural value are quite ______ (attract) to visitors. 8. She has made a significant ______ (contribute) to the environmental campaign, and many people ______ (contribution) their success to her wise leadership. 9. ______ (fortunate), the ancient temple was destroyed in the flood, which was a huge ______ (fortune) for the local cultural heritage. 10. The two competitors finished the race in ______ (equal) excellent time, so the judges found it hard to declare a winner. In the end, both were recognized for their remarkable ______ (equal). 11. ______ (amaze), the young inventor managed to fix the complicated device all by himself. His parents were so ______ (amaze) that they couldn't find words to express their feelings. 12. The school strongly encourages students to think ______ (independent) rather than waiting for teachers to provide all the answers. This sense of ______ (depend) is vital for their future growth. Unit 2 1.argument n.争吵,争论;论点→argue vi.争吵,争辩,争论 vt.说理,论证 2.tension n.紧张关系;紧张;拉伸→tense adj.紧张的;拉紧的 v.变得紧张;使拉紧 n.时态 3.anxious adj.忧虑的,担心的;令人焦虑的;渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地;急切地→anxiety n.担心;焦虑;渴望 4.anger n.怒气,怒火→angry adj.生气的;恼火的→angrily adv.愤怒地;生气地 5.mental adj.思想的,精神的,智力的→mentally adv.精神上,智力上;思想上 6.rough adj.艰难的;粗糙的;不确切的→roughly adv.粗糙地;概略地→roughness n.粗糙(度);粗暴;猛烈 7.regular adj.频繁的;有规律的→regularly adv.定期地;有规律地;整齐地;匀称地 8.concern n.担心,忧虑;关心 vt.涉及;让(某人)担忧→concerned adj.担心的;关心的,相关的→concerning prep.关于 9.stress n.精神压力,紧张;强调 vt.强调,着重→stressful adj.令人有压力的→stressed adj.感到有压力的 10.unique adj.独一无二的;独特的;独具的,特有的→uniquely adv.独特地;珍奇地;尤其,特别→uniqueness n.独特性;独一无二 11.performance n.表现;表演;执行,履行→perform vt.表现,表演;执行,履行→performern.演出者;执行者 12.eager adj.热切的,渴望的,渴求的→eagerly adv.渴望地;热切地→eagerness n.热切;渴望 13.adventure n.冒险,冒险经历,奇遇→adventurous adj.爱冒险的;大胆的;充满危险的→adventurer n.冒险家;投机分子 14.secure adj.安心的;可靠的;牢固的→security n.安全;保证→securer n.看守;保卫者;保证者→securely adv.安全地;牢固地;安心地;有把握地 15.volunteer vt.& vi.主动建议(或告诉);自愿做,义务做 n.志愿者→voluntary adj.自愿的;志愿的;自发的→voluntarily adv.自愿地 16.flexible adj.灵活的,可变动的;柔韧的→flexibly adv.柔软地;灵活地→flexibility n.灵活性;柔韧性→[反义词]inflexible adj.僵硬的;缺乏弹性的;顽固的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. If you find yourself in an ______ with your friend, step back and try to ______ calmly rather than letting your ______ rise. (argue) 2. The ______ between parents and teenagers often comes from the ______ of daily life, leaving both sides feeling ______ and tired. (tense) 3. She waited ______ by the phone, her heart full of ______ as she was ______ to hear the result. (anxious) 4. He reacted ______ to the unfair criticism, his voice full of ______ that he could barely control. (anger) 5. Playing team sports can help children both physically and ______, reducing ______ health problems such as ______ exhaustion. (mental) 6. The path was ______ and uneven, but the guide managed to ______ estimate the remaining distance, despite the ______ of the terrain. (rough) 7. Exercising ______ has become a ______ part of her daily schedule, which helps her maintain a good physical condition. (regular) 8. The teacher looked at the students with ______ eyes, clearly ______ about their safety during the storm; her ______ was understandable. (concern) 9. The ______ of modern life can be overwhelming, and many people feel ______ both at work and at home, making it necessary to manage ______ effectively. (stress) 10. Each person's life story is ______, and its ______ lies in the small details that make us who we are. (unique) 11. The young street ______ gave an impressive ______, and the crowd cheered loudly for his ability to ______ with such passion. (perform) 12. The children were ______ to open the presents, waiting ______ by the tree, their faces shining with ______. (eager) Unit 3 1.original adj.起初的;独创的;原作的→originally adv.原来;起初→origin n.起源;起因;出身→originate v.起源;发源;创建 2.horrible adj.令人震惊的;可恶的,极坏的→ horror n.恐怖;令人恐怖的事物 →horriblyadv.令人震惊地 3.recover vi.恢复健康;恢复常态 vt.全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制→ recoveryn.恢复,痊愈;复苏 4.judge vt.& vi.评价,(尤指)批评;判断,认为 n.法官;裁判员 →judg(e)ment n.判断,评价 5.apologize vi.道歉,谢罪→ apology n.道歉 6.behaviour n.行为,举止,态度→ behave v.表现 7.ignore vt.忽视,对…不予理会→ignorance n.无知,愚昧→ ignorant adj.无知的,愚昧的 8.suffer vi.受苦,受折磨;变差 vt.遭受,蒙受→ suffering n.痛苦,苦难→sufferer n.患者;受难者 9.misunderstand vt.& vi.(misunderstood,misunderstood)误解,误会→misunderstanding n.误解,误会;不和 10.explode vi.(愤怒等感情)爆发,迸发;爆炸 vt.使爆炸→explosion n.爆炸,爆发;激增 11.generous adj.宽宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的→generosity n.慷慨 12.basis n.基础;原因;基准→ basic adj.基础的;基本的→ base vt.以…为基础 13.respect vt.尊重,尊敬 n.尊敬,敬意;重视→respected adj.受尊敬的→ respectful adj.有礼貌的→ respectable adj.体面的;值得尊敬的 14.efficient adj.效率高的,有功效的→ efficiency n.效率,效能→[反义词] inefficient adj.效率低的,无效率的 15.reflection n.沉思;反射;映像;反映→reflect vi.思考 vt.认真思考;反映;反射;显示 16.benefit n.优势,益处,成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→ beneficial adj.有益的 17.comfort vt.宽慰,抚慰 n.舒服;安慰→ comfortable adj.舒服的→ uncomfortable adj.不舒服的;令人不适的 18.failure n.失败;失败的人(或事);未履行;故障→ fail vi.失败;未做;不及格 19.death n.死,死亡;死亡状态→ dead adj.死的;死亡的→ die vi.死,离世→ deadly adj.致命的 20.crowd n.一伙人,一帮人;人群 vt.挤满,使拥挤 vi.聚集;挤,涌→ crowded adj.拥挤的 21.admire vt.钦佩;欣赏→ admiration n.赞赏;钦佩 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The legend ______ (original) in a small village, but its exact ______ (original) remains a mystery to this day. 2. She was ______ (horrible) shocked by the news, and a feeling of ______ (horrible) gripped her heart. 3. After the surgery, he ______ (recover) quickly, and his full ______ (recover) surprised the doctors. 4. Never ______ (judge) a person by appearance alone; a fair ______ (judge) requires knowing the whole story. 5. He wrote a note of ______ (apologize) to the teacher and promised to ______ (apology) for his rude behavior. 6. Parents should teach children how to ______ (behaviour) properly, because good ______ (behave) can open many doors. 7. His ______ (ignore) of basic safety rules is alarming, and his ______ (ignorant) attitude led to the accident. 8. The ______ (suffer) of the villagers was heartbreaking, as they had ______ (suffer) from poverty for years. 9. To prevent ______ (misunderstand), you need to clarify your point; don't let others ______ (misunderstand) your intentions. 10. The bomb ______ (explode) without warning, and the ______ (explode) destroyed the entire building. 11. His ______ (generous) is admired by all, and he is known for his ______ (generosity) spirit. 12. The conclusion was ______ (base) on facts, providing a solid ______ (basis) for the new policy. 13. A highly ______ (respect) professor, he has earned the ______ (respect) of both students and colleagues. 14. The old method was very ______ (efficient), which lowered our work ______ (efficient) significantly. 15. She stood by the lake, watching the mountains ______ (reflect) in the water, and began to ______ (reflection) on her past. Unit 4 1.immediately adv.立即,马上conj.一…就→immediate adj.立即的;目前的;直接的 2.concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等);全神贯注→concentration n.专心,专注;关注,重视;集中,聚集→concentrated adj.全力以赴的;集中的;浓缩的 3.extreme adj.极端的;严重的 n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→extremely adv.非常;极其 4.concerned adj.担心的,忧虑的;关注的,关切的→concern n.担心,关心 vt.使担忧,涉及→concerning prep.关于;涉及 5.effect n.效果,作用;影响→effective adj.有效的;生效的 6.prove linking v.后来被发现是 vt.证明,证实→proof n.证据;证明 7.slightly adv.稍微,略微→slight adj.轻微的;细小的 8.energetic adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的→energy n.精力,活力;能量→energize v.使活跃;供给…能量→energetically adv.积极地;精力充沛地 9.frightened adj.害怕的,惊吓的,受惊的→frighten v.使吃惊;惊吓;吓唬→frightening adj.令人恐惧的,可怕的→fright n.害怕,恐惧 10.pressure n.心理压力,紧张;压力;要求,催促→press v.压,按;压迫 11.memory n.记忆力,记性;记忆,回忆→memorize vt.记住;背熟 12.treatment n.治疗;对待,待遇;处理→treat v.治疗;对待,款待 13.addition n.增加,添加;加法→add vt.增加;添加;补充说→additional adj.附加的,外加的→additionally adv.此外  14.strength n.优势;力气,力量;实力→strengthen v.加强,增强 15.talent n.天资,天赋;人才,天才→talented adj.天才的,有才能的 16.achievement n.成就,成绩;达到,完成→achieve v.实现;达到;完成→achievable adj.可实现的,可达到的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Unable to ________ on the book, he realized his lack of ________ was a result of the constant noise. (concentrate) 2. The nurse took ________ action and called the doctor ________, saving the patient's life. (immediate) 3. The weather turned ________ cold, and the ________ of the conditions caught many drivers off guard. (extreme) 4. Several letters ________ the new school rules raised great ________ among the students and parents. (concern) 5. The new system proved highly ________, and its positive ________ were observed within a short period. (effect) 6. The scientist insisted on seeing concrete ________ before he could ________ the discovery. (prove) 7. Her condition improved ________, but even a ________ progress was a huge encouragement. (slight) 8. A healthy breakfast can keep you ________ throughout the morning and supply the ________ you need to focus. (energy) 9. The sudden ________ noise left the little girl feeling ________, and she couldn't hide her ________. (frighten) 10. Too much ________ from parents can sometimes ________ children into making decisions against their will. (press) 11. She tried to ________ every word of the poem, as the ________ of her late grandmother was too precious to lose. (memory) 12. The new ________ offers hope for ________ the disease, but long-term effects are still unknown. (treat) 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.potential n.潜力;可能性adj.潜在的,可能的 2.senior adj.中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生);级别高的;高级水平的;老年的n.级别(或地位)较高者;较…年长的人;高水平运动员 3.positive adj.积极乐观的;良好的,正面的 4.opportunity n.机会,时机 5.acquirevt.获得,得到 6.effort n.努力,费力的事;试图 7.resource n.资源;资料;谋略 8.attitude n.态度,看法 9.goal n.目标;进球得分 10.individual n.个人adj.单独的,个别的 11.character n.品质,性格;特点;人物,角色;文字 12.aheadadv.(时间、空间)向前;提前 13.junior adj.(学校)为11或13岁以下儿童设立的;地位(或级别)低的;青少年的 n.职位较低者;青少年运动员 14.forward adv.向将来;向前;进展,前进 15.focus n.焦点,重点vt.&vi.集中 16.detail n.细节;具体情况 17.proposal n.提议,建议,动议 18.aim n.目的,目标 vi.&vt.力争做到;目的是;针对 19.style n.风格;方式;样式 20.technique n.技巧,技艺;技能 21.professional adj.职业的,专业的;有职业的;娴熟的,精通业务的n.专门人员,专业人士 22.material n.材料;素材 adj.物质的,实际的;客观存在的 23.exchange n.& vt.交换;交流;兑换 24.host n.主人;东道主;主持人vt.主办;主持 25.alarm n.闹钟;恐慌;警报;警报器 vt.使惊恐,使害怕 短文故事识记 杰克是一名 __________（高年级学生），他一直相信自己有巨大的 __________（潜力），只是需要一个 __________（机会）来证明自己。当学校宣布将举办一场国际文化 __________（交流）活动时，他决定以 （积极乐观的）（态度）报名成为 __________（主持人）。 为了写好那份 __________（提议），杰克付出了极大的 __________（努力）。他利用各种 __________（资源）来 __________（获得）跨文化知识，甚至向一位 __________（专业的）主持人请教 __________（技巧）。他明白，自己的 __________（目标）不仅仅是顺利完成任务，更要让每个 __________（个人）都感受到尊重。 在规划过程中，杰克格外 __________（集中）于每一个 __________（细节），从舞台 __________（材料）的挑选到个人 __________（风格）的展现，都力求完美。他的 __________（品质）中那股不服输的劲儿，让他总是提前想好如何应对突发状况，把事情想在 __________（前面），再稳步 __________（向前）推进。 作为 __________（高年级的）学生，他还主动带领几位 __________（低年级的）同学一起参与，帮他们树立信心。活动当天早上，他特意设了 __________（闹钟）早早起床，对着镜子最后的 __________（目的）就是呈现一场精彩的展示。最终，他成功了，他意识到，每一次勇敢尝试，都是成长路上最宝贵的 __________（财富）。 Unit 2 1.battle n.& vt.& vi争论;战斗,搏斗;斗争 2.teenager n.青少年 3.rate n.速度;率vi.& vt.评价,评估 4.shoot vi.& vt.(shot,shot)(使朝某方向)冲,奔;射击;射杀; 摄影 5.spot n.粉刺;斑点;污渍;地点,场所 6.target n.(攻击的)目标,对象;靶子 vt. 把…作为攻击目标;面向 7.adult n.成年人 8.desire n.& vt.渴望,希望 9.struggle vi.& n.奋斗;斗争;搏斗 10.breakdown n.(关系)破裂;故障 11.calm vt.使平静,使镇静 adj.镇静的,沉着的 12.view n.看法;视线;景色 vt.把…视为;观看 13.normal adj.正常的,一般的n.常态,通常标准 14.skin n.皮肤;(兽)皮,毛皮 15.design vt.设计;制订n.设计;设计艺术 16.expert n.专家,行家 adj.熟练的,内行的,专家的 17.likely adj.可能的,预料的,有希望的 18.press vt.& vi.催促,逼迫;按,压;挤,推n.报章杂志,报刊;(the press)新闻工作者,新闻界 19.youth n.青年时期;青春;(the youth)年轻人 20.account n.账户;描述;解释 vt.认为是,视为 21.rent n.租金 vi.& vt.租用;出租 22.gather vi.聚集,集合 vt.收拢;搜集,收集;聚集 23.emergency n.突发事件,紧急情况 24.figure n.数字;人物;体形,身材 25.scene n.(戏剧等)场;场面,片段;地点,现场;景象,风光 26.flat n.公寓 adj.平坦的;瘪了的 短文故事识记 十六岁的 __________（青少年）Max 与父亲爆发了 __________（争论；斗争）。父亲用 __________（成年人）的 __________（看法）__________（催促，逼迫）他放弃摄影 __________（设计）梦想，认为偏离 __________（正常的）轨道的儿子正在挥霍 __________（青春；年轻人）。期末成绩的 __________（数字）和下降的 __________（率；评价）成了父亲攻击的 __________（目标）。 Max 的 __________（渴望）只是被理解。他背着相机在废墟 （地点）（拍摄；冲）素材，那里是他精神的 __________（公寓；平坦的）。当父亲命令他回家，关系濒临 __________（破裂）。他感觉自己像被剥去 __________（皮肤），每个毛孔都透着挣扎的 __________（粉刺；斑点）。 心理学 __________（专家）舅舅出面 __________（使平静）局面，告诉父亲：“你眼中的 __________（描述；账户）不能定义他的人生。他 __________（可能的）会走出自己的 __________（场面；景象）。”他谈起自己曾租廉价 __________（公寓）、凑 __________（租金）的 __________（奋斗；斗争）岁月，那才是真正的成长 __________（突发事件）。 父亲第一次翻看儿子 __________（收集）的作品，沉默良久。他终于明白，青春这场不可避免的 __________（突发事件）演练中，每一次 __________（奋斗；斗争）都在让少年成长为独特的 __________（人物；数字）。而理解，不需要言语。 Unit 3 1.awkward adj.局促不安的;令人尴尬的;难对付的;笨拙的 2.sight n.视野;视力;看见 3. medium n.(pl.media)传播信息的媒介,方法;手段,工具adj.中等的,中号的 4.chat vi.& n.聊天,闲聊 5.case n.具体情况,事例;案件;容器 6.frank adj.坦率的,直率的 7.definitely adv.肯定,确实;确切地 8.contact vt.& n.联系,联络 9.shallow adj.肤浅的,浅薄的;浅的 10.theme n.主题;主旋律 11.quality n.品德,素质;质量;特征 adj.优质的,高质量的 12.extra adj.额外的,分外的,附加的adv.额外,另外;特别,格外 13.measure vt.估量,判定;测量 n.措施;衡量 14.seek (sought,sought) vi.试图;寻找;争取 vt.寻求;寻找 15.escape vi.& vt.逃脱,躲避;逃跑;避开,避免;被遗忘n.逃离,逃脱 16.joy n.高兴,愉快;令人高兴的人(或事),乐趣 17.moment n.时光,时机;瞬间;某个时刻 18.recognize vt.承认,意识到;认出,辨别出 19.thorough adj.彻底的,全面的;仔细的  20.company n.陪伴,作伴;公司 短文故事识记 Lily 性格 __________（局促不安的），社交令她疲惫。她习惯躲在 __________（媒介）后和陌生人 __________（聊天），把网络当成 __________（逃避）现实的地方，封闭了自己的 __________（视野）。 一天，Max 发来 __________（坦率的）私信：“你的文字是我的 __________（乐趣），你 __________（确实）内心丰富。”那个 __________（瞬间），她第一次感到被__________ （认出）。Max 邀请她参加读书会，__________（主题）是“孤独与连接”，并承诺给她 __________（陪伴）。 Lily 怕见面会显得 __________（肤浅）。Max 说每个人都有 __________（额外的）深度。见面时她紧张得想 __________（逃跑），但真实的聊天带来了意想不到的 __________（乐趣）。Max 说：“真诚才是真正的 __________（品质）。” 这个 __________（事例）让她开始 __________（彻底的）反思。她不再__________ （逃避），而是主动__________（寻找）连接，__________（估量）社交的温度，（联系）更多沉默的人。她终于 __________（意识到），陪伴就是最美的 __________（主题）。 Unit 4 1.skip　vt.不做(应做的事情等);跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;略过 2.slim vi.变苗条,减肥 adj.苗条的;微薄的,小的 3.diet n.日常饮食;节食 vi.节食,进行规定饮食 4.function vi.起作用,正常工作,运转 n.作用,功能,职能 5.within prep.在(某段时间)之内;在(某段距离、范围)之内;在…里 6.rather adv.相反,而是;相当;更准确地说 7.aspect n.方面,层面 8.attack n.发作;攻击;抨击 vt.&vi.攻击;侵袭;抨击 9.amount n.数量 10.schedule n.日程安排,工作计划;时间表 11.negative adj.消极的,负面的;坏的,有害的;否定的 12.plastic adj.可塑的;塑料的n.塑料 13.campus n.(大学、学院的)校园,校区 14.saying n.格言,谚语,警句 15.male adj.男性的;雄性的 n.男性,雄性  16.female adj.女性的;雌性的 n.女性,雌性 17.fashion n.时尚,时兴;流行款式 18.shadow n.阴影,影子;昏暗处,阴暗处 19.content n.内容;目录 20.individuality n.个性,个人特征 短文故事识记 Mia 是 __________（校园）里公认的 __________（时尚）达人。为了保持 __________（苗条的）身材，她给自己定下严苛的 __________（日常饮食），每天 __________（不做）早餐，午餐也只吃 __________（在…之内）规定的少量食物。她的 __________（日程安排）里，健身占据了大部分空间。 起初，这种生活方式似乎 __________（起作用）良好。然而，她忽略了一个关键 __________（方面）：健康。她 __________（相当）极端地追求完美，却带来了 __________（消极的）后果。一次体育课上，她突然感到心慌，医生诊断是低血糖引发的 __________（发作）。医生严肃地说：“你摄入的食物 __________（数量）远低于正常需求。” 病床上，Mia 看到窗外阳光下的 __________（阴影），仿佛看到了自己内心的阴暗面。她翻看杂志，那些光鲜的 __________（女性）模特和 __________（男性）偶像的 __________（内容）曾是她模仿的对象。一句古老的 __________（格言）突然浮现脑海：美不是 __________（可塑的）模具。 她终于明白，真正的 __________（时尚）不是盲从，而是活出自己的 __________（个性）。康复后的 Mia 重新调整 __________（日程安排），不再 __________（不做）任何一餐，用健康的 __________（日常饮食）滋养身体。走在 __________（校园）里，她的笑容比任何时候都明亮。战胜 __________（消极的），接纳自己，就是最美的 __________（个性）。 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1.path n.道路;小路;成功的途径 2.facility n.设施,设备;场所 3.well-rounded adj.全面发展的;面面俱到的 4.tip n.指点,实用的提示;尖端;小费 5.workshop n.研讨会,讲习班;车间,作坊 6.poster n.海报;(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人 7.secondary adj.中学的;次要的 8.option n.可选择的事物,选择;选修课 9.rugby n.橄榄球运动 10.calligraphy n.书法,书法艺术 Unit 2 1.nest n.鸟窝;巢穴,窝 2.roof n.屋顶,顶部 3.editor n.主编,编辑;剪辑师 4.forum n.论坛,讨论会;公共集会场所 5.grocery n.食品杂货;食品杂货店 6.pipe n.烟斗;管子;管乐器 7.downtown adv.在市中心,往市中心 8.lap n.大腿部 Unit 3 1.café　n.咖啡馆,小餐馆 2.blog n.博客,网志 3.slave n.奴隶 4.raft n.木排,筏 5.indeed adv.其实,实际上;的确;真正地 6.well-meaning adj.出于好心的,善意的 Unit 4 1.yogurt n.酸奶 2.sex n.性别 3.nutrition n.营养 4.surgery n.外科手术 5.jeans n.牛仔裤 6.digital adj.数码的,数字的 7.series n.(pl.series)一系列,连续 8.external adj.外来的,外在的;外面的,外部的 短文故事识记 Unit 1 Walking along the ______(path) to the newly-built ______(facility), the ______(secondary) school students were attracted by a colorful ______(poster) that introduced various ______(option) such as a ______(calligraphy) ______(workshop) and ______(rugby) training, all designed to help them become more ______(well-rounded) individuals—a useful ______(tip) that the teacher had shared earlier. Unit 2 Sitting in the ______(downtown) café with his laptop on his ______(lap), the young ______(editor) logged into the ______(forum) and posted about how a bird had built a ______(nest) under the ______(roof) of his house, adding that he had picked up an old ______(pipe) at a nearby ______(grocery) store that very morning. Unit 3 Reading a heartfelt ______(blog) in a cozy ______(café), he came to realize that, ______(indeed), one should never live like a ______(slave) drifting on a helpless ______(raft) but should learn to tell sincere friends apart from those who offer merely ______(well-meaning) yet unhelpful advice. Unit 4 After the ______(surgery), the doctor advised him to eat ______(yogurt) rich in ______(nutrition) every morning, avoid tight ______(jeans), and stay away from ______(external) distractions like ______(digital) devices and endless TV ______(series), regardless of his age or ______(sex). 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1.lie in 存在于,在于 2.rise to 能够处理 3.make a difference 起作用,有影响 4.make the most of 充分利用,尽情享受 5.take advantage of 利用 6.last but not least 最后但同样重要的 7.look forward to 盼望,期待 8.as a result of 由于 9.stick to 坚持;固守,维持 10.over time 随着时间流逝,久而久之 11.put simply 简单地说,简而言之 12.make an effort/efforts to do sth 努力做某事,尽力做某事 13.sign up for 报名参加 Unit 2 1.see eye to eye with sb(on sth)　 (在某事上)与某人看法一致 2.shoot up快速长高,蹿个儿 3.calm down平静,镇静,安静 4.from one’s point of view从某人的角度、观点出发 5.think sth through充分考虑,全盘考虑,想透 6.back down承认错误,认输 7.cheer up (使)变得高兴,振奋起来 8.be on sb’s back about sth缠磨,烦扰 9.draw sth out of sth提取,支取 10.put stress on sb给某人施加压力 11.put...in one’s shoes处于某人的境地;设身处地 12.address their concerns消除他们的顾虑 13.at a different rate以不同的速度 14.go through the same pain经历同样的痛苦 Unit 3 1.on the rocks　 (关系)陷于困境,濒临崩溃 2.out of one’s sight 脱离某人的视线 3.make it 能够出席;准时到达;获得成功 4.at a loss 不知所措,困惑 5.in the wrong 有错,应承担责任 6.in any case无论如何,不管怎样 7.let go of 放弃,摒弃;松手,放开 8.count on 依赖,依靠,指望 9.eat away at 腐蚀,侵蚀,逐渐破坏 10.come between...and... 损害…之间的关系,离间;妨碍 11.in person 亲自,亲身 12.high point 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 13.through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻,同甘共苦 14.in one’s opinion 在某人看来 15.get over克服;恢复常态 16.bring out使显现,使表现出 17.smooth out消除(问题),克服(困难) 18.be meant to do sth 注定要做某事,应做某事 19.take on 呈现,具有 20.in full measure 最大程度地,最大限度地 Unit 4 1.pass out 　 昏迷,失去知觉 2.slim down 变苗条,减肥 3.side effect 副作用 4.take in 摄入,吸收 5.get into shape 强身健体 6.contribute to 促成,造成 7.in the short/long term 从短期/长期看 8.in addition 此外 9.hang over 使忧心忡忡,担心可能发生 10.guard against 防范,防止,提防 11.live up to 达到,符合,不辜负 12.end up 最终成为,最终处于 13.show off 显示,展示;炫耀,卖弄 14.take pride in 为…自豪,为…骄傲 15.fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗 短语匹配 Unit 1 序号匹配 英文 中文 1—D 1. lie in A. 充分利用，尽情享受 2. rise to B. 盼望，期待 3. make a difference C. 坚持；固守，维持 4. make the most of D. 存在于，在于 5. take advantage of E. 能够处理 6. last but not least F. 由于 7. look forward to G. 简单地说，简而言之 8. as a result of H. 起作用，有影响 9. stick to I. 利用 10. over time J. 最后但同样重要的 11. put simply K. 随着时间流逝，久而久之 12. make an effort/efforts to do sth L. 报名参加 13. sign up for M. 努力做某事，尽力做某事 Unit 2 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. see eye to eye with sb (on sth) A. 快速长高，蹿个儿 2. shoot up B. 承认错误，认输 3. calm down C. 充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 4. from one's point of view D. 缠磨，烦扰 5. think sth through E. 从某人的角度、观点出发 6. back down F. (在某事上)与某人看法一致 7. cheer up G. 消除他们的顾虑 8. be on sb's back about sth H. 提取，支取 9. draw sth out of sth I. 给某人施加压力 10. put stress on sb J. 设身处地 11. put...in one's shoes K. 经历同样的痛苦 12. address their concerns L. 平静，镇静，安静 13. at a different rate M. 以不同的速度 14. go through the same pain N. (使)变得高兴，振奋起来 Unit 3 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. on the rocks A. 依赖，依靠，指望 2. out of one's sight B. 克服；恢复常态 3. make it C. 损害…之间的关系，离间；妨碍 4. at a loss D. 脱离某人的视线 5. in the wrong E. 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦 6. in any case F. (关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃 7. let go of G. 使显现，使表现出 8. count on H. 能够出席；准时到达；获得成功 9. eat away at I. 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 10. come between...and... J. 有错，应承担责任 11. in person K. 消除(问题)，克服(困难) 12. high point L. 在某人看来 13. through thick and thin M. 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 14. in one's opinion N. 亲自，亲身 15. get over O. 呈现，具有 16. bring out P. 不知所措，困惑 17. smooth out Q. 无论如何，不管怎样 18. be meant to do sth R. 最大程度地，最大限度地 19. take on S. 注定要做某事，应做某事 20. in full measure T. 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 Unit 4 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. pass out A. 防范，防止，提防 2. slim down B. 此外 3. side effect C. 促成，造成 4. take in D. 最终成为，最终处于 5. get into shape E. 从短期/长期看 6. contribute to F. 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 7. in the short/long term G. 副作用 8. in addition H. 变苗条，减肥 9. hang over I. 为…自豪，为…骄傲 10. guard against J. 昏迷，失去知觉 11. live up to K. 强身健体 12. end up L. 摄入，吸收 13. show off M. 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生 14. take pride in N. 打一场无望取胜的仗 15. fight a losing battle O. 达到，符合，不辜负 一、 真题实战 1. （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B篇）When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. 24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 【思维建模】 句中 explore（探索）和 observe（观察）为Unit 1核心词汇，这两个动词描绘了John对自然的好奇与主动探究。正确理解这两词，能直接定位到选项C“inquiring mind”。说明文或记叙文中，通过人物动作描写词汇推断人物性格是常见题型，需抓住动词背后的情感倾向。 2. （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇）On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The effect of combining the estimates of a crowd of independent individuals was surprising: the average of their estimates was remarkably accurate. 32. What is paragraph 1 of the text mainly about? A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect. C. The causes of people's errors. D. The design of Galton's experiment. 【思维建模】 句中反复出现的 effect（效果，效应）为Unit 1阅读词汇。说明文首段通常通过核心名词引出文章主题，把握 effect 的反复出现及其解释性描述，即可判断本段主旨为“效应的底层逻辑”。答题时需聚焦段落中心词及对其的解释说明。 3.（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇）The study found that many teenagers feel anxious about social situations, which may lead to mental stress. The researchers recommend that schools provide more mental health resources. 33. What suggestion do the researchers offer? A. Reducing school hours. B. Providing mental health support. C. Increasing social activities. D. Encouraging academic competition. 【思维建模】句中 recommend（建议，推荐）为Unit 2核心词，是引出研究建议的典型动词。阅读理解中，建议往往由recommend、suggest等引出。定位 recommend 后的宾语从句内容，可直接匹配选项。掌握建议类动词，能迅速找到答案出处。 4. （2024·浙江卷1月·完形填空片段）While taking a 20-hour train ride, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ______ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ______ me on the train. My ______ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ______ to practice my Chinese. 1. A. experiment  B. encounter  C. competition  D. appointment 2. A. treated  B. saved  C. lectured  D. approached 3. A. true  B. so-called  C. new  D. long-lost 4. A. chance  B. advice  C. trouble  D. right 【思维建模】encounter虽非直接必修一词汇，但与exchange、contact属同一人际话题；chance呼应opportunity；new对应friend，构成完整的人物关系发展链。完形填空依靠连续动词链（approached → spoke → took）推进情节，需整体把握动作先后和情感走向。 5.（2025·北京卷·完形填空）He had always been a picky eater, but after attending a nutrition workshop, he decided to change his ______ and eat more vegetables. A. diet  B. habit  C. schedule  D. lifestyle 【思维建模】diet（日常饮食，节食）为Unit 4核心词。完形填空中，diet常与eat、vegetable、balanced、nutrition等词构成饮食话题词汇网。解题时需关注上下文的具体语境，“picky eater”和“vegetables”直接锁定diet为唯一合逻辑的选项。 6.（2025·浙江卷首考·完形填空）He decided to make a change in his lifestyle. He cut out junk food from his ______, started working out regularly, and eventually got back in ______. A. diet  B. schedule  C. plan  D. routine A. order  B. shape  C. sight  D. place 【思维建模】diet和in shape均为Unit 4核心词汇/短语。健康话题的完形填空中，常围绕“饮食（diet）—锻炼（work out）—体型（shape）”构成叙事链条。cut out、from one's diet、get back in shape为高频固定搭配，需整体记忆，解题时根据上下文快速锁定。 2、 命题演练 一：基础词汇变形填空 1．Experts believe that a ________ (challenge) situation can often bring out the best qualities of a person. 2．Actually, the company is anxious ________(improve) its image. 3．Up to now, medical technology _________(advance) greatly throughout the world. 4．The second________(challenge) is a heavyweight. 5．I fancy I will have a chance to explore the _______ (amaze) place one day. 6．It was _________(amaze) that he knew nothing about the event. 7．He ________(alarm)at the safety of his younger brother. 8．With his attention _________ (focus) on the legend of a master in basketball, he didn’t make it to school on time. 9．Smoking is responsible________ many cases of lung cancer. 10．You have to balance the advantages________ the disadvantages of doing so. 11．The illness is caused by a hormonal(激素的)________(balance). 12．I hope he proves equal________ the challenge. 13．Not all men are equal ________the ability. 14．You can and must act wisely and________(confident). 15．“I feel more________(confidence)in my actions now," Taylor says. 16．We have confidence ________our team. 17．I like my job to be________ challenge. 18．His________(contribute)to the world was really admirable. 19．I thought he was very________(attract)and obviously very intelligent. 20．The city is an important tourist________(attract). 21．As one of the most________ places, Mount Wuyi________ millions of tourists each year, and one of its most famous tourist ________is the Nine-Bend Stream.(attract) 22．Seeing the ________ scene, the little girl was________ to death and cried in________, with a________ expression on her face. (fright) 23．We will give you more__________(independent). 24．You’d better set aside some time every day for exercise so that you can keep yourself________(energy). 25．________a result, the bad thing has been turned into a good one. 26．He made an outstanding ______(contribute) to science. 27．A __________ (balance) diet means a bit of everything. 28．He’s a ________ (profession) designer. 29．________ my disappointment, his behavior caused some misunderstanding between us. 30．If you take the time and effort to do this, you'll end up _________more friends. 31．_________(fortunate), she promised me an interview chance. 32．I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for _______(argue). 33．His mother is _________(concern)about his future and his happiness. 34．Her _________(argue)was that it would be cheaper to buy a new radio than to get the old one repaired. 35．The man who suffers from anxiety and________(tense) needs to be examined by the doctor. 36．Things can easily go wrong when people are________ stress. 37．________view of the weather, the event will be held indoors. 38．They struggled________ the strong snow and finally reached the farm. 39．Tom took the police to the spot________ the accident happened. 40．They knew about the accident. That is because they were________ the spot when it happened. 41．Besides, people are likely to feel more comfortable if a joke can take their _______(anxious) away. 42．His argument________ the plan sounds reasonable. 43．The children are always arguing________ which TV programme to watch. 44．Do what you are told and don’t argue________ me. 45．He made a strong________(argue) against accepting the offer. 46．He had to have his spleen (脾脏) removed in an emergency________(operate). 47．On China Youth Volunteer Service Day, teenagers are encouraged to do________(volunteer) work where they are needed. 48．Helen volunteered________(have) Thanksgiving at her house this year. 49．Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as a________(voluntary) in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. 50．Nancy became a teacher after________(graduate). 51．________no account should you leave the door unlocked. 52．He became a teacher after ________ (graduate) from college. 53．She was eager ________ (get) back to work as soon as possible. 54．Our attention ought to be focused on the more________(press)problems. 55．Are you satisfied with the ______(perform) of your new car? 56．They gathered round the swimming pool and cheered her________. 57．His most exciting invitation was________(perform)on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops”. 58．If you’re looking for some exciting and new music, download the app that is designed________ young people. 59．“The most famous________(design) are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says. 60．His heart ________(operate) was a great success. 二：单句提升语法填空 一、非谓语动词 1. （2025·南京一模）________ (expose) to different cultures at a young age, children tend to develop a more open-minded attitude towards the world. 2. （2025·广州一模）The athlete, ________ (battle) with a severe knee injury for months, finally withdrew from the championship, which disappointed his fans greatly. 3. （2025·深圳一模）________ (judge) from the expression on his face, he must have received some good news, perhaps about the job he had been longing for. 4. （2025·苏北四市一模）The project, ________ (design) to boost the local economy, has created over a thousand job opportunities since it was launched last year. 5. （2025·武汉二模）________ (seek) a balance between career and family, many young parents are choosing flexible working hours over high salaries. 6. （2025·合肥一模）________ (survive) the earthquake was nothing short of a miracle, considering how severely the buildings had been damaged. 7. （2025·长沙一模）The new app, ________ (function) as a personal health assistant, reminds users to take in enough water and get into shape through daily exercise. 8. （2025·济南一模） He apologized for not ________ (handle) the situation properly, admitting that he should have thought things through before reacting. 9. （2025·苏锡常镇一模）________ (accompany) by a security guard, the celebrity finally managed to escape the crowd of reporters and get into the car. 10. （2025·郑州一模）With the deadline ________ (approach), the team had to work extra hours to ensure every detail was thoroughly checked. 11. （2025·杭州一模）The scientist devoted every waking moment to ________ (explore) the unknown, driven by a burning desire to make a difference in the world. 12. （2025·大连一模）________ (suffer) from anxiety for years, she finally decided to seek professional help, which proved to be a turning point in her life. 二、动词时态与语态 13. （2025·青岛一模）Over the past decade, the small village ________ (transform) into a popular tourist attraction, drawing visitors from all over the country. 14. （2025·西安一模）At the very moment when he felt his career was on the rocks, an unexpected call ________ (enable) him to seize a new opportunity. 15. （2025·成都一模）By the time he graduated from college, he ________ (acquire) a wide range of skills that would later prove essential in his career. 16. （2025·重庆一模） A new campus for the international exchange program ________ (construct) at present, and it is expected to be completed by next September. 17. （2025·天津一模）Great changes ________ (take) place in the small town ever since the new mayor came into power, and the locals take pride in the remarkable development. 18. （2025·南昌一模）The manager said that the problem ________ (address) at the next board meeting, and urged everyone to remain calm and patient. 19. （2025·厦门一模）By the time the rescue team arrived at the scene, the flood ________ (sweep) away most of the houses, leaving hundreds of people homeless. 20. （2025·福州一模）Nowadays, many teenagers ________ (expose) to a vast amount of information on social media, which makes it difficult for them to distinguish truth from falsehood. 21. （2025·太原一模）She ________ (struggle) with the decision for days before she finally chose to follow her heart rather than yield to her parents' expectations. 22. （2025·石家庄一模）A special committee ________ (set) up to investigate the cause of the accident and to prevent similar incidents from happening again. 23. （2025·济南一模）The moment she walked onto the stage, she ________ (recognize) as the talented young pianist who had won the national competition the previous year. 24. （2025·沈阳一模）The level of pollution in the river ________ (reduce) significantly since the new environmental policy came into effect two years ago. 三、名词与冠词 25. （2025·南京二模）His ________ (refuse) to back down in the face of pressure earned him the respect of both his colleagues and his opponents. 26. （2025·苏州一模）The ________ (acquire) of a second language is a gradual process that requires years of consistent effort and practice. 27. （2025·无锡一模）________ (impress) is what you leave behind when you walk out of a room; character is what people remember long after you are gone. 28. （2025·常州一模）The ________ (fail) of the project was not due to a lack of resources but to poor communication among team members. 29. （2025·镇江一模）Children who grow up in a secure environment tend to show more ________ (independent) and self-confidence in their teenage years. 30. （2025·徐州一模）The ________ (anxious) that she had been feeling before the speech melted away the moment she stepped onto the stage and saw the friendly faces in the audience. 31. （2025·南通二模）He looked at the pile of unfinished homework with ________ (frustrate), wondering how he could ever get through it all in one night. 32. （2025·泰州一模）Her ________ (determine) to succeed was so strong that even the most difficult challenges could not shake her will. 33. （2025·扬州一模）The ________ (discover) that the ancient tomb had not been destroyed by the earthquake came as a huge relief to the archaeological team. 34. （2025·盐城一模）There is growing ________ (recognize) among educators that mental health is just as important as academic achievement for students' overall development. 35. （2025·淮安一模）It is believed that the ________ (solve) to the environmental crisis lies not in technology alone but in a fundamental change in human behavior. 36. （2025·连云港一模）The ________ (secure) of the nation depends not only on its military strength but also on the stability of its economy and society. 四、形容词与副词 37. （2025·广州二模）It was ________ (incredible) foolish of him to ignore the warning signs and continue investing in a project that was clearly doomed to fail. 38. （2025·深圳二模）The new treatment proved ________ (remarkable) effective in reducing the symptoms, bringing hope to patients who had lost confidence in their recovery. 39. （2025·珠海一模）It was a ________ (challenge) task, but she approached it with enthusiasm and eventually succeeded beyond all expectations. 40. （2025·东莞一模）The mother grew ________ (increase) concerned about her son's strange behavior, which had become more noticeable over the past few weeks. 41. （2025·中山一模）Though he was ________ (physical) exhausted after the marathon, there was a sense of satisfaction on his face that words could not describe. 42. （2025·佛山一模）She is ________ (ambition) enough to aim for the top university, yet practical enough to know that consistent effort is the only way to get there. 43. （2025·惠州一模）He spoke so ________ (convince) at the conference that almost everyone present was persuaded to support his proposal. 44. （2025·汕头一模）________ (fortunate), the fire was discovered in time and put out before it could spread to the neighboring buildings. 45. （2025·肇庆一模）The ending of the movie was so ________ (predict) that the audience lost interest halfway through and started checking their phones. 46. （2025·清远一模）He reacted ________ (angry) to the criticism, shouting at the judge and slamming the door as he stormed out of the office. 47. （2025·韶关一模）The success of this project is highly ________ (depend) on whether all team members can cooperate effectively and communicate openly. 48. （2025·湛江一模）The results of the survey were ________ (surprise) positive, far exceeding what the researchers had originally expected to find. 五、词性转换综合 49. （2025·长春一模）His ________ (generous) knew no bounds, and it was this quality that made him respected by everyone in the community. 50. （2025·哈尔滨一模）The ________ (deep) of her love for her children was beyond measure; she was willing to sacrifice everything for their happiness. 51. （2025·吉林一模）The minister emphasized the ________ (important) of educating teenagers about the potential dangers of smoking and drinking. 52. （2025·南宁一模）His constant ________ (interrupt) during the meeting annoyed everyone present, making it impossible to have a smooth discussion. 53. （2025·贵阳一模）The actress looked ________ (stun) in the elegant evening gown, and all eyes were fixed on her the moment she entered the hall. 54. （2025·昆明一模）The young man's ________ (capable) to solve complex problems impressed the interviewers and helped him stand out among all the candidates. 55. （2025·乌鲁木齐一模）The police conducted a ________ (thorough) investigation into the case, leaving no stone unturned in their search for the truth. 56. （2025·银川一模）It is natural for parents to feel ________ (protect) towards their children, but too much protection may hinder their development of independence. 57. （2025·西宁一模）The explosion in the chemical plant was so ________ (disaster) that it affected the lives of thousands of people in the surrounding area. 58. （2025·兰州一模）Being ________ (mental) strong is not about never falling down; it is about getting back up every time you do. 59. （2025·呼和浩特一模）The ________ (exist) of the rare species is under threat as its natural habitat continues to shrink due to deforestation. 60. （2025·拉萨一模）She made a ________ (compare) between the two novels, pointing out that while both explore the theme of youth, their approaches are fundamentally different. 三：课内句式填空训练 1. I can’t wait to describe to you .(What引导的宾语从句) 我迫不及待地要向你们描述一下高中生活是什么样子的。 2. To fully realize your potential, .(It作形式主语) 为了充分发挥你们的潜能,充分利用我们学校的资源是很重要的。 3. ,useful skills and a positive attitude.(“介词短语+系动词+主语”引起的完全倒装) 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。 4.You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, .(现在分词短语作伴随状语) 你可能会因为与你的朋友们成长速度不同而感到焦虑,你会快速长高或被远远甩在后面。 5. about what to do in my spare time.(wish引导的虚拟语气) 我希望他们能更加灵活,以便我能对我空闲时间做的事做出我自己的选择。 6.Through this kind of healthy discussion,you will learn .(“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构) 7. ,we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.(“whether...or...”结构)  无论我们是步行去学校,做作业,还是只是在周末闲逛,我们几乎不离开彼此的视线。 当我们走在“人生的道路”上时,我们有时可能希望独自思考,因为安静的反思期可以带来个人的进步。 8.Here,friendship has a double advantage — .!(and连接的并列句) 在这里,友谊有双重优势——幸福有更大的意义,分担的烦恼减半! 9. . since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.(that引导宾语从句;it作形式主语) 她指出,健康均衡的饮食是很重要的,因为青少年处于生长发育时期,他们的身体需要很多营养才能良好地运转。 10.Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too, .you feel like a lie-in.(even though引导的让步状语从句) 尽量在周末也坚持(规律的)睡眠作息,即便你想要在周末睡懒觉。 $第01讲 必修第一册 词汇考点 目录 2 5 6 考点一 unit 1~unit 4 核心词汇 6 知识点1 核心单词知变形 6 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 13 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 16 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 16 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 18 21 一、 真题实战 23 二、 命题演练 26 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 Unit 1 Back to school potential, challenge, thinking, opportunity, effort, confidence, resource, facility, independent, focus, detail, base, remind, proposal, aim, style, technique, professional, material secondary, exchange, host, biology, tough, alarm, contribution, option, attract, former, graduate, develop, beginner, adult, carelessness Unit 2 Let's talk teens argument, anxious, tension, concern, normal, stress, struggle, breakdown, forgive, apologize, view, unique, identity, desire, regularly, responsible, patient, quality, respect, target teenager, rate, shoot, spot, mental, editor, expert, recommend, adventure, expert, measure, pressure, contribution, emotion, confused, misunderstood Unit 3 Getting along with others value, attitude, appreciate, definitely, benefit, community, measure, reflect, seek, escape, smooth, secure, maintain, quality, trick, forgive, contact, humble, judgement, shallow friendship, acquaintance, original, gossip, social, media, smartphone, technology, meaningful, enable, share, various, companion Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good concentrate, diet, nutrition, function, energy, effective, prove, slightly, slim, weight, pressure, contribution, memory, attack, amount, schedule, negative, treatment, reduce, system beauty, appearance, digital, series, self-esteem, fashion, extreme, expert, disease, physical, mental, positive, athlete Unit 1： Back to school 核心词汇考情 · challenge：完形常与 huge、face、rise to 搭配；语法填空考非谓语 challenging。 · effort：常考 make an effort 和 efforts pay off（2025全国甲卷完形）；应用文高分表达。 · independent：语法填空高频考 independence / independently 词性转换。 · focus：focus on 为高频短语（2023新高考Ⅱ卷、2025新高考Ⅰ卷）；语法填空考 focusing。 · opportunity：完形常与 take、seize、miss 搭配（2023全国乙卷）；阅读中与 chance 同义替换。 · goal：常与 set、achieve、reach 搭配，七选五和写作高频。 · potential：常考 realize one's potential；形容词修饰名词（potential danger）。 阅读词汇考情 · exchange：文化交流话题（2025新高考Ⅰ卷）；常考 in exchange for。 · former：人物介绍高频词；常与 latter 对比。 · option：活动介绍类信号词（2023新高考Ⅱ卷A篇），后常跟列举。 命题趋势 2023年全国甲卷七选五、2024年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇均涉及“学习方法与自我成长”主题。建议按“设定目标（goal）→迎接挑战（challenge）→付出努力（effort）→取得进步（progress）→培养独立性（independence）”的逻辑链串联记忆。语法填空重点掌握 independent/confidence/attract/graduate 等词的词性转换。 Unit 2： Let's talk teens 核心词汇考情 · struggle：完形心理描写高频；语法填空考 struggling / having struggled。 · anxious：完形核心心理词（2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇）；语法填空考 anxiety / anxiously。 · stress：与 anxious 共现（2025新高考Ⅰ卷完形）；stressed 与 stressful 辨析为经典考点。 · normal：七选五心理建议高频（2025全国乙卷）；与 abnormal 反义。 · view：from one's point of view 为观点态度题定位词。 · apologize / responsibility：完形和写作常成对出现（2025新高考Ⅱ卷），人物关系修复标志。 · desire：完形表人物动机（2023全国乙卷）。 · recommend：阅读引出建议标志词（2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇）；常考虚拟语气。 阅读词汇考情 · teenager / adult：亲子话题必考，常形成对比。 · unique：人物描述和建议类文本高频（2025北京卷）。 · editor / forum：新媒体类文本出现。 命题趋势 亲子关系、青少年心理健康是近年高考热点（2024年全国甲卷阅读C篇讲“独处”，2025年多卷涉及青少年压力）。应用文写作（建议信、道歉信）中，apologize、forgive、appreciate、recommend 为必备表达。语法填空重点掌握 anxious/anxiety、argue/argument、tense/tension、secure/security 等名词与形容词的转换。 Unit 3： Getting along with others 核心词汇考情 appreciate：应用文感谢信高频；后接动名词；语法填空考 appreciation。 benefit：完形高频动词（2024全国甲卷）；常考 benefit from 和 beneficial。 reflect：七选五高频（2023新高考Ⅰ卷：reflect on）；语法填空考 reflection。 seek：过去式 sought 为语法填空易错点；常考 seek help / advice。 escape：科技文常出现（2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇）；过去式 escaped。 measure：科技文动词“测量”（2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇），名词“措施”；take measures to do。 judge：观点态度题信号词（2023全国乙卷）；语法填空考 judgement。 contact：人际关系核心词；keep / stay in contact with sb.。 阅读词汇考情 gossip / social media：议论文常讨论人际交往负面影响。 meaningful / shallow：常构成反义对比。 quality：名词“品质”或形容词“优质的”；quality time 为写作高分表达。 thorough：与 understanding / investigation 搭配，表“彻底的”。 命题趋势 Unit 3 短语在完形填空和七选五中考查频繁：on the rocks（关系濒临崩溃）、let go of（放弃）、count on（依靠）、smooth out（消除问题）、through thick and thin（同甘共苦）、at a loss（不知所措）均为高频短语。2024年全国甲卷完形填空集中考查了 benefit from 和 enable sb. to do。建议将短语按“冲突—化解—修复”的逻辑链分类记忆。 Unit 4： Looking good, feeling good 核心词汇考情 · concentrate：科技与健康话题高频（2023新高考Ⅱ卷、2025新高考Ⅰ卷）；语法填空考 concentration。 · diet：健康类必考（2023全国甲卷七选五、2025浙江卷完形）；常与 balanced / healthy 搭配。 · reduce：健康类高频动词（2023全国甲卷七选五）；语法填空考 reduction。 · prove：阅读引出实验结论标志（2023新高考Ⅱ卷D篇）；语法填空考 proof（名词）。 · effective：健康建议高频形容词（2025北京卷）；语法填空考 effect / effectively。 · function：科技文动词“起作用”或名词“功能”；语法填空考 functional。 · negative / positive：七选五和阅读常成对出现（2025新高考Ⅰ卷）。 · memory：完形心理描写常出现（2025浙江卷读后续写）；语法填空考 memorize。 阅读词汇考情 · appearance：健康与美容话题；与 self-esteem、body image 共现。 · digital：科技文高频（digital devices / distraction），2023—2025年多卷涉及。 · series：既可表“一系列”也可表“电视剧/纪录片系列”。 · nutrition：健康饮食必考；与 nutrient、nutritious 构成词族。 · surgery / treatment：医疗健康话题常见。 命题趋势 2023年全国乙卷七选五（室内植物益处）、2023年全国甲卷七选五（健康生活方式）、2025年多卷心理健康话题，均使本单元词汇地位飙升。重点短语在完形填空和语法填空中高频出现：cut out（戒掉）、slim down（减肥）、get into shape（强身健体）、side effect（副作用）、take in（摄入）、contribute to（促成）、live up to（不辜负）、in the long term（从长期看）。建议按“问题—行动—结果”逻辑链串联记忆：饮食问题（diet）→戒掉坏习惯（cut out）→加强锻炼（work out）→恢复体形（get back in shape）→心理健康改善（mental well-being）。 考点一 unit 1-unit 4 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1.(2024·全国甲卷D篇)That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.  这就是为什么本期《作家文摘》旨在帮助你弄清楚如何为你正在写作的类型写出最佳结局。 2.(2023·全国乙卷七选五)Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity,focus and memory.  多项研究支持这一点，发现室内植物能提升创造力、专注力和记忆力。 3. (2026·新高考一卷阅读A篇) Transportation: For fans hoping to avoid parking, the City of Inglewood Park andRide program offers off-site parking with a shuttle that runs every 15 minutes to andfrom the stadium. GTrans, Torrance Transit and the Metro C Line are also convenient options. 交通：对于希望避免停车的球迷，英格尔伍德市的“公园换乘”项目提供场外停车，配备每15分钟往返体育场的班车。GTrans、托兰斯交通和地铁C线也是便捷的选择。 4. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空) The Silk Road enabled cultural exchange and promoted mutual learning among civilizations. 丝绸之路促进了文化交流，推动了不同文明之间的互学互鉴。 5. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇)The study found that many teenagers feel anxious about social situations, which may lead to mental stress. 研究发现许多青少年对社交场合感到焦虑，这可能会导致心理压力。 6. (2025·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读A篇)The best way to maintain a friendship is to keep in touch regularly and apologize when necessary. 维持友谊的最好方法是定期保持联系，并在必要时道歉。 7. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C篇) Constant phone notifications make it hard to concentrate, which can have a negative impact on study efficiency. 手机不断弹出的通知让人难以集中注意力，这会对学习效率产生负面影响。 Unit 1 1.challenge n.& vt.挑战;质疑→challenging adj.挑战性的;考验能力的 2.advance n.进步,进展;前进,行进 vt.&vi.发展,进步→advanced adj.高级的;先进的;高等的 3.amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的,令人惊喜的→amazed adj.惊讶的;惊喜的→amazev.使惊奇→amazement n.惊奇;惊愕;惊诧 4.confidence n.信心,信任;把握→confident adj.确信的;有信心的→confidently adv.自信地 5.equal adj.相等的;平等的;相当的 n.同等的人(物) linking v.与…相等 vt.比得上→equally adv.平等地;同样地→equality n.相等;平等 6.improve vt.&vi.改进,改善→improvement n.改进,改善 7.responsible adj.有责任,负责;可靠的→responsibility n.责任;义务→[反义词]irresponsible adj.不负责任的 8.independent adj.自主的,有主见的;自立的→independence n.独立;自主→depend vi.依靠;依赖→dependent adj.依靠的;从属的→dependence n.依靠;依赖 9.attract vt.吸引,使喜爱;招引;引起(反应)→attraction n.吸引,吸引力;有吸引力的事物或人→attractive adj.有吸引力的;引人注意的 10.biology n.生物学→biological adj.生物学的→biologically adv.生物学地→biologist n.生物学家 11.contribution n.贡献,捐款;捐赠;促成作用→contribute vt.贡献,捐赠;导致,促成;撰稿→contributor n.投稿人;捐献者;促成物 12.fortunately adv.幸运地,幸亏→fortune n.财富;运气→misfortune n.不幸→fortunate adj.幸运→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Facing the ______ (advance) technology exhibition, the young boy felt completely ______ (amaze), standing there with his mouth wide open in ______ (amaze). 2. The project was extremely ______ (challenge), but it helped me gain a lot of ______ (confident) in dealing with complex problems independently. 3. In order to ______ (improve) the quality of the products, the company made several key ______ (improve) to the production line last year. 4. His father’s constant warning finally made him realize the ______ (responsible) he should take, and he decided to become a more ______ (responsibly) adult. 5. Since he gained ______ (depend) financially, he no longer has to ______ (independent) on his parents for living expenses. 6. The ______ (biology) diversity of the rainforest has long been a research focus, and many ______ (biology) have devoted their lives to studying it. 7. The historical site has become a popular tourist ______ (attract), mainly because its unique architecture and cultural value are quite ______ (attract) to visitors. 8. She has made a significant ______ (contribute) to the environmental campaign, and many people ______ (contribution) their success to her wise leadership. 9. ______ (fortunate), the ancient temple was destroyed in the flood, which was a huge ______ (fortune) for the local cultural heritage. 10. The two competitors finished the race in ______ (equal) excellent time, so the judges found it hard to declare a winner. In the end, both were recognized for their remarkable ______ (equal). 11. ______ (amaze), the young inventor managed to fix the complicated device all by himself. His parents were so ______ (amaze) that they couldn't find words to express their feelings. 12. The school strongly encourages students to think ______ (independent) rather than waiting for teachers to provide all the answers. This sense of ______ (depend) is vital for their future growth. 【答案】1. advanced, amazed, amazement 2. challenging, confidence 3. improve, improvements 4. responsibility, responsible 5. independence, depend 6. biological, biologists 7. attraction, attractive 8. contribution, contribute 9. Unfortunately, misfortune 10. equally, equality 11. Amazingly, amazed 12. independently, independence Unit 2 1.argument n.争吵,争论;论点→argue vi.争吵,争辩,争论 vt.说理,论证 2.tension n.紧张关系;紧张;拉伸→tense adj.紧张的;拉紧的 v.变得紧张;使拉紧 n.时态 3.anxious adj.忧虑的,担心的;令人焦虑的;渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地;急切地→anxiety n.担心;焦虑;渴望 4.anger n.怒气,怒火→angry adj.生气的;恼火的→angrily adv.愤怒地;生气地 5.mental adj.思想的,精神的,智力的→mentally adv.精神上,智力上;思想上 6.rough adj.艰难的;粗糙的;不确切的→roughly adv.粗糙地;概略地→roughness n.粗糙(度);粗暴;猛烈 7.regular adj.频繁的;有规律的→regularly adv.定期地;有规律地;整齐地;匀称地 8.concern n.担心,忧虑;关心 vt.涉及;让(某人)担忧→concerned adj.担心的;关心的,相关的→concerning prep.关于 9.stress n.精神压力,紧张;强调 vt.强调,着重→stressful adj.令人有压力的→stressed adj.感到有压力的 10.unique adj.独一无二的;独特的;独具的,特有的→uniquely adv.独特地;珍奇地;尤其,特别→uniqueness n.独特性;独一无二 11.performance n.表现;表演;执行,履行→perform vt.表现,表演;执行,履行→performern.演出者;执行者 12.eager adj.热切的,渴望的,渴求的→eagerly adv.渴望地;热切地→eagerness n.热切;渴望 13.adventure n.冒险,冒险经历,奇遇→adventurous adj.爱冒险的;大胆的;充满危险的→adventurer n.冒险家;投机分子 14.secure adj.安心的;可靠的;牢固的→security n.安全;保证→securer n.看守;保卫者;保证者→securely adv.安全地;牢固地;安心地;有把握地 15.volunteer vt.& vi.主动建议(或告诉);自愿做,义务做 n.志愿者→voluntary adj.自愿的;志愿的;自发的→voluntarily adv.自愿地 16.flexible adj.灵活的,可变动的;柔韧的→flexibly adv.柔软地;灵活地→flexibility n.灵活性;柔韧性→[反义词]inflexible adj.僵硬的;缺乏弹性的;顽固的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. If you find yourself in an ______ with your friend, step back and try to ______ calmly rather than letting your ______ rise. (argue) 2. The ______ between parents and teenagers often comes from the ______ of daily life, leaving both sides feeling ______ and tired. (tense) 3. She waited ______ by the phone, her heart full of ______ as she was ______ to hear the result. (anxious) 4. He reacted ______ to the unfair criticism, his voice full of ______ that he could barely control. (anger) 5. Playing team sports can help children both physically and ______, reducing ______ health problems such as ______ exhaustion. (mental) 6. The path was ______ and uneven, but the guide managed to ______ estimate the remaining distance, despite the ______ of the terrain. (rough) 7. Exercising ______ has become a ______ part of her daily schedule, which helps her maintain a good physical condition. (regular) 8. The teacher looked at the students with ______ eyes, clearly ______ about their safety during the storm; her ______ was understandable. (concern) 9. The ______ of modern life can be overwhelming, and many people feel ______ both at work and at home, making it necessary to manage ______ effectively. (stress) 10. Each person's life story is ______, and its ______ lies in the small details that make us who we are. (unique) 11. The young street ______ gave an impressive ______, and the crowd cheered loudly for his ability to ______ with such passion. (perform) 12. The children were ______ to open the presents, waiting ______ by the tree, their faces shining with ______. (eager) 【答案】 1. argument, argue, anger 2. tension, stress, tense 3. anxiously, anxiety, anxious 4. angrily, anger 5. mentally, mental, mental 6. rough, roughly, roughness 7. regularly, regular 8. concerned, concerned, concern 9. stress, stressed, stress 10. unique, uniqueness 11. performer, performance, perform 12. eager, eagerly, eagerness Unit 3 1.original adj.起初的;独创的;原作的→originally adv.原来;起初→origin n.起源;起因;出身→originate v.起源;发源;创建 2.horrible adj.令人震惊的;可恶的,极坏的→ horror n.恐怖;令人恐怖的事物 →horriblyadv.令人震惊地 3.recover vi.恢复健康;恢复常态 vt.全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制→ recoveryn.恢复,痊愈;复苏 4.judge vt.& vi.评价,(尤指)批评;判断,认为 n.法官;裁判员 →judg(e)ment n.判断,评价 5.apologize vi.道歉,谢罪→ apology n.道歉 6.behaviour n.行为,举止,态度→ behave v.表现 7.ignore vt.忽视,对…不予理会→ignorance n.无知,愚昧→ ignorant adj.无知的,愚昧的 8.suffer vi.受苦,受折磨;变差 vt.遭受,蒙受→ suffering n.痛苦,苦难→sufferer n.患者;受难者 9.misunderstand vt.& vi.(misunderstood,misunderstood)误解,误会→misunderstanding n.误解,误会;不和 10.explode vi.(愤怒等感情)爆发,迸发;爆炸 vt.使爆炸→explosion n.爆炸,爆发;激增 11.generous adj.宽宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的→generosity n.慷慨 12.basis n.基础;原因;基准→ basic adj.基础的;基本的→ base vt.以…为基础 13.respect vt.尊重,尊敬 n.尊敬,敬意;重视→respected adj.受尊敬的→ respectful adj.有礼貌的→ respectable adj.体面的;值得尊敬的 14.efficient adj.效率高的,有功效的→ efficiency n.效率,效能→[反义词] inefficient adj.效率低的,无效率的 15.reflection n.沉思;反射;映像;反映→reflect vi.思考 vt.认真思考;反映;反射;显示 16.benefit n.优势,益处,成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→ beneficial adj.有益的 17.comfort vt.宽慰,抚慰 n.舒服;安慰→ comfortable adj.舒服的→ uncomfortable adj.不舒服的;令人不适的 18.failure n.失败;失败的人(或事);未履行;故障→ fail vi.失败;未做;不及格 19.death n.死,死亡;死亡状态→ dead adj.死的;死亡的→ die vi.死,离世→ deadly adj.致命的 20.crowd n.一伙人,一帮人;人群 vt.挤满,使拥挤 vi.聚集;挤,涌→ crowded adj.拥挤的 21.admire vt.钦佩;欣赏→ admiration n.赞赏;钦佩 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The legend ______ (original) in a small village, but its exact ______ (original) remains a mystery to this day. 2. She was ______ (horrible) shocked by the news, and a feeling of ______ (horrible) gripped her heart. 3. After the surgery, he ______ (recover) quickly, and his full ______ (recover) surprised the doctors. 4. Never ______ (judge) a person by appearance alone; a fair ______ (judge) requires knowing the whole story. 5. He wrote a note of ______ (apologize) to the teacher and promised to ______ (apology) for his rude behavior. 6. Parents should teach children how to ______ (behaviour) properly, because good ______ (behave) can open many doors. 7. His ______ (ignore) of basic safety rules is alarming, and his ______ (ignorant) attitude led to the accident. 8. The ______ (suffer) of the villagers was heartbreaking, as they had ______ (suffer) from poverty for years. 9. To prevent ______ (misunderstand), you need to clarify your point; don't let others ______ (misunderstand) your intentions. 10. The bomb ______ (explode) without warning, and the ______ (explode) destroyed the entire building. 11. His ______ (generous) is admired by all, and he is known for his ______ (generosity) spirit. 12. The conclusion was ______ (base) on facts, providing a solid ______ (basis) for the new policy. 13. A highly ______ (respect) professor, he has earned the ______ (respect) of both students and colleagues. 14. The old method was very ______ (efficient), which lowered our work ______ (efficient) significantly. 15. She stood by the lake, watching the mountains ______ (reflect) in the water, and began to ______ (reflection) on her past. 【答案】 1. originated, origin 2. horribly, horror 3. recovered, recovery 4. judge, judgement 5. apology, apologize 6. behave, behaviour 7. ignorance, ignorant 8. suffering, suffered 9. misunderstanding, misunderstand 10. exploded, explosion 11. generosity, generous 12. based, basis 13. respected, respect 14. inefficient, efficiency 15. reflected, reflect Unit 4 1.immediately adv.立即,马上conj.一…就→immediate adj.立即的;目前的;直接的 2.concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等);全神贯注→concentration n.专心,专注;关注,重视;集中,聚集→concentrated adj.全力以赴的;集中的;浓缩的 3.extreme adj.极端的;严重的 n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→extremely adv.非常;极其 4.concerned adj.担心的,忧虑的;关注的,关切的→concern n.担心,关心 vt.使担忧,涉及→concerning prep.关于;涉及 5.effect n.效果,作用;影响→effective adj.有效的;生效的 6.prove linking v.后来被发现是 vt.证明,证实→proof n.证据;证明 7.slightly adv.稍微,略微→slight adj.轻微的;细小的 8.energetic adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的→energy n.精力,活力;能量→energize v.使活跃;供给…能量→energetically adv.积极地;精力充沛地 9.frightened adj.害怕的,惊吓的,受惊的→frighten v.使吃惊;惊吓;吓唬→frightening adj.令人恐惧的,可怕的→fright n.害怕,恐惧 10.pressure n.心理压力,紧张;压力;要求,催促→press v.压,按;压迫 11.memory n.记忆力,记性;记忆,回忆→memorize vt.记住;背熟 12.treatment n.治疗;对待,待遇;处理→treat v.治疗;对待,款待 13.addition n.增加,添加;加法→add vt.增加;添加;补充说→additional adj.附加的,外加的→additionally adv.此外  14.strength n.优势;力气,力量;实力→strengthen v.加强,增强 15.talent n.天资,天赋;人才,天才→talented adj.天才的,有才能的 16.achievement n.成就,成绩;达到,完成→achieve v.实现;达到;完成→achievable adj.可实现的,可达到的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Unable to ________ on the book, he realized his lack of ________ was a result of the constant noise. (concentrate) 2. The nurse took ________ action and called the doctor ________, saving the patient's life. (immediate) 3. The weather turned ________ cold, and the ________ of the conditions caught many drivers off guard. (extreme) 4. Several letters ________ the new school rules raised great ________ among the students and parents. (concern) 5. The new system proved highly ________, and its positive ________ were observed within a short period. (effect) 6. The scientist insisted on seeing concrete ________ before he could ________ the discovery. (prove) 7. Her condition improved ________, but even a ________ progress was a huge encouragement. (slight) 8. A healthy breakfast can keep you ________ throughout the morning and supply the ________ you need to focus. (energy) 9. The sudden ________ noise left the little girl feeling ________, and she couldn't hide her ________. (frighten) 10. Too much ________ from parents can sometimes ________ children into making decisions against their will. (press) 11. She tried to ________ every word of the poem, as the ________ of her late grandmother was too precious to lose. (memory) 12. The new ________ offers hope for ________ the disease, but long-term effects are still unknown. (treat) 【答案】 1. concentrate, concentration 2. immediate, immediately 3. extremely, extreme 4. concerning, concern 5. effective, effects 6. proof, prove 7. slightly, slight 8. energetic, energy 9. frightening, frightened, fright 10.pressure, press 11. memorize, memory 12. treatment, treating 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.potential n.潜力;可能性adj.潜在的,可能的 2.senior adj.中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生);级别高的;高级水平的;老年的n.级别(或地位)较高者;较…年长的人;高水平运动员 3.positive adj.积极乐观的;良好的,正面的 4.opportunity n.机会,时机 5.acquirevt.获得,得到 6.effort n.努力,费力的事;试图 7.resource n.资源;资料;谋略 8.attitude n.态度,看法 9.goal n.目标;进球得分 10.individual n.个人adj.单独的,个别的 11.character n.品质,性格;特点;人物,角色;文字 12.aheadadv.(时间、空间)向前;提前 13.junior adj.(学校)为11或13岁以下儿童设立的;地位(或级别)低的;青少年的 n.职位较低者;青少年运动员 14.forward adv.向将来;向前;进展,前进 15.focus n.焦点,重点vt.&vi.集中 16.detail n.细节;具体情况 17.proposal n.提议,建议,动议 18.aim n.目的,目标 vi.&vt.力争做到;目的是;针对 19.style n.风格;方式;样式 20.technique n.技巧,技艺;技能 21.professional adj.职业的,专业的;有职业的;娴熟的,精通业务的n.专门人员,专业人士 22.material n.材料;素材 adj.物质的,实际的;客观存在的 23.exchange n.& vt.交换;交流;兑换 24.host n.主人;东道主;主持人vt.主办;主持 25.alarm n.闹钟;恐慌;警报;警报器 vt.使惊恐,使害怕 短文故事识记 杰克是一名senior（高年级学生），他一直相信自己有巨大的potential（潜力），只是需要一个opportunity（机会）来证明自己。当学校宣布将举办一场国际文化exchange（交流）活动时，他决定以positive（积极乐观的）attitude（态度）报名成为host（主持人）。 为了写好那份proposal（提议），杰克付出了极大的effort（努力）。他利用各种resource（资源）来acquire（获得）跨文化知识，甚至向一位professional（专业的）主持人请教technique（技巧）。他明白，自己的goal（目标）不仅仅是顺利完成任务，更要让每个individual（个人）都感受到尊重。 在规划过程中，杰克格外focus（集中）于每一个detail（细节），从舞台material（材料）的挑选到个人style（风格）的展现，都力求完美。他的character（品质）中那股不服输的劲儿，让他总是提前想好如何应对突发状况，把事情想在ahead（前面），再稳步forward（向前）推进。 作为senior（高年级的）学生，他还主动带领几位junior（低年级的）同学一起参与，帮他们树立信心。活动当天早上，他特意设了alarm（闹钟）早早起床，对着镜子最后的aim（目的）就是呈现一场精彩的展示。最终，他成功了，他意识到，每一次勇敢尝试，都是成长路上最宝贵的resource（财富） Unit 2 1.battle n.& vt.& vi争论;战斗,搏斗;斗争 2.teenager n.青少年 3.rate n.速度;率vi.& vt.评价,评估 4.shoot vi.& vt.(shot,shot)(使朝某方向)冲,奔;射击;射杀; 摄影 5.spot n.粉刺;斑点;污渍;地点,场所 6.target n.(攻击的)目标,对象;靶子 vt. 把…作为攻击目标;面向 7.adult n.成年人 8.desire n.& vt.渴望,希望 9.struggle vi.& n.奋斗;斗争;搏斗 10.breakdown n.(关系)破裂;故障 11.calm vt.使平静,使镇静 adj.镇静的,沉着的 12.view n.看法;视线;景色 vt.把…视为;观看 13.normal adj.正常的,一般的n.常态,通常标准 14.skin n.皮肤;(兽)皮,毛皮 15.design vt.设计;制订n.设计;设计艺术 16.expert n.专家,行家 adj.熟练的,内行的,专家的 17.likely adj.可能的,预料的,有希望的 18.press vt.& vi.催促,逼迫;按,压;挤,推n.报章杂志,报刊;(the press)新闻工作者,新闻界 19.youth n.青年时期;青春;(the youth)年轻人 20.account n.账户;描述;解释 vt.认为是,视为 21.rent n.租金 vi.& vt.租用;出租 22.gather vi.聚集,集合 vt.收拢;搜集,收集;聚集 23.emergency n.突发事件,紧急情况 24.figure n.数字;人物;体形,身材 25.scene n.(戏剧等)场;场面,片段;地点,现场;景象,风光 26.flat n.公寓 adj.平坦的;瘪了的 短文故事识记 十六岁的 teenager(青少年) Max 与父亲爆发了 battle(争论;斗争)。父亲用 adult(成年人) 的 view(看法) press(催促,逼迫) 他放弃摄影 design(设计) 梦想，认为偏离 normal(正常的) 轨道的儿子正在挥霍 youth(青春;年轻人)。期末成绩的 figure(数字) 和下降的 rate(率;评价) 成了父亲攻击的 target(目标)。 Max 的 desire(渴望) 只是被理解。他背着相机在废墟 spot(地点) shoot(拍摄;冲) 素材，那里是他精神的 flat(公寓;平坦的)。当父亲命令他回家，关系濒临 breakdown(破裂)。他感觉自己像被剥去 skin(皮肤)，每个毛孔都透着挣扎的 spot(粉刺;斑点)。 心理学 expert(专家) 舅舅出面 calm(使平静) 局面，告诉父亲：“你眼中的 account(描述;账户) 不能定义他的人生。他 likely(可能的) 会走出自己的 scene(场面;景象)。”他谈起自己曾租廉价 flat、凑 rent(租金) 的 struggle(奋斗;斗争) 岁月，那才是真正的成长 emergency(突发事件)。 父亲第一次翻看儿子 gather(收集) 的作品，沉默良久。他终于明白，青春这场不可避免的 emergency 演练中，每一次 struggle 都在让少年成长为独特的 figure(人物;数字)。而理解，不需要言语。 Unit 3 1.awkward adj.局促不安的;令人尴尬的;难对付的;笨拙的 2.sight n.视野;视力;看见 3. medium n.(pl.media)传播信息的媒介,方法;手段,工具adj.中等的,中号的 4.chat vi.& n.聊天,闲聊 5.case n.具体情况,事例;案件;容器 6.frank adj.坦率的,直率的 7.definitely adv.肯定,确实;确切地 8.contact vt.& n.联系,联络 9.shallow adj.肤浅的,浅薄的;浅的 10.theme n.主题;主旋律 11.quality n.品德,素质;质量;特征 adj.优质的,高质量的 12.extra adj.额外的,分外的,附加的adv.额外,另外;特别,格外 13.measure vt.估量,判定;测量 n.措施;衡量 14.seek (sought,sought) vi.试图;寻找;争取 vt.寻求;寻找 15.escape vi.& vt.逃脱,躲避;逃跑;避开,避免;被遗忘n.逃离,逃脱 16.joy n.高兴,愉快;令人高兴的人(或事),乐趣 17.moment n.时光,时机;瞬间;某个时刻 18.recognize vt.承认,意识到;认出,辨别出 19.thorough adj.彻底的,全面的;仔细的  20.company n.陪伴,作伴;公司 短文故事识记 Lily 性格 awkward(局促不安的)，社交令她疲惫。她习惯躲在 medium(媒介) 后和陌生人 chat(聊天)，把网络当成 escape(逃避) 现实的地方，封闭了自己的 sight(视野)。 一天，Max 发来 frank(坦率的) 私信：“你的文字是我的 joy(乐趣)，你 definitely(确实) 内心丰富。”那个 moment(瞬间)，她第一次感到被 recognize(认出)。Max 邀请她参加读书会，theme(主题) 是“孤独与连接”，并承诺给她 company(陪伴)。 Lily 怕见面会显得 shallow(肤浅)。Max 说每个人都有 extra(额外的) 深度。见面时她紧张得想 escape(逃跑)，但真实的聊天带来了意想不到的 joy。Max 说：“真诚才是真正的 quality(品质)。” 这个 case(事例) 让她开始 thorough(彻底的) 反思。她不再 escape，而是主动 seek(寻找) 连接，measure(估量) 社交的温度，contact(联系) 更多沉默的人。她终于 recognize(意识到)，陪伴就是最美的 theme(主题)。 Unit 4 1.skip　vt.不做(应做的事情等);跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;略过 2.slim vi.变苗条,减肥 adj.苗条的;微薄的,小的 3.diet n.日常饮食;节食 vi.节食,进行规定饮食 4.function vi.起作用,正常工作,运转 n.作用,功能,职能 5.within prep.在(某段时间)之内;在(某段距离、范围)之内;在…里 6.rather adv.相反,而是;相当;更准确地说 7.aspect n.方面,层面 8.attack n.发作;攻击;抨击 vt.&vi.攻击;侵袭;抨击 9.amount n.数量 10.schedule n.日程安排,工作计划;时间表 11.negative adj.消极的,负面的;坏的,有害的;否定的 12.plastic adj.可塑的;塑料的n.塑料 13.campus n.(大学、学院的)校园,校区 14.saying n.格言,谚语,警句 15.male adj.男性的;雄性的 n.男性,雄性  16.female adj.女性的;雌性的 n.女性,雌性 17.fashion n.时尚,时兴;流行款式 18.shadow n.阴影,影子;昏暗处,阴暗处 19.content n.内容;目录 20.individuality n.个性,个人特征 短文故事识记 Mia 是 campus(校园) 里公认的 fashion(时尚) 达人。为了保持 slim(苗条的) 身材，她给自己定下严苛的 diet(日常饮食)，每天 skip(不做) 早餐，午餐也只吃 within(在…之内) 规定的少量食物。她的 schedule(日程安排) 里，健身占据了大部分空间。 起初，这种生活方式似乎 function(起作用) 良好。然而，她忽略了一个关键 aspect(方面)：健康。她 rather(相当) 极端地追求完美，却带来了 negative(消极的) 后果。一次体育课上，她突然感到心慌，医生诊断是低血糖引发的 attack(发作)。医生严肃地说：“你摄入的食物 amount(数量) 远低于正常需求。” 病床上，Mia 看到窗外阳光下的 shadow(阴影)，仿佛看到了自己内心的阴暗面。她翻看杂志，那些光鲜的 female(女性) 模特和 male(男性) 偶像的 content(内容) 曾是她模仿的对象。一句古老的 saying(格言) 突然浮现脑海：美不是 plastic(可塑的) 模具。 她终于明白，真正的 fashion(时尚) 不是盲从，而是活出自己的 individuality(个性)。康复后的 Mia 重新调整 schedule，不再 skip 任何一餐，用健康的 diet 滋养身体。走在 campus 里，她的笑容比任何时候都明亮。战胜 negative，接纳自己，就是最美的 individuality。 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1.path n.道路;小路;成功的途径 2.facility n.设施,设备;场所 3.well-rounded adj.全面发展的;面面俱到的 4.tip n.指点,实用的提示;尖端;小费 5.workshop n.研讨会,讲习班;车间,作坊 6.poster n.海报;(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人 7.secondary adj.中学的;次要的 8.option n.可选择的事物,选择;选修课 9.rugby n.橄榄球运动 10.calligraphy n.书法,书法艺术 Unit 2 1.nest n.鸟窝;巢穴,窝 2.roof n.屋顶,顶部 3.editor n.主编,编辑;剪辑师 4.forum n.论坛,讨论会;公共集会场所 5.grocery n.食品杂货;食品杂货店 6.pipe n.烟斗;管子;管乐器 7.downtown adv.在市中心,往市中心 8.lap n.大腿部 Unit 3 1.café　n.咖啡馆,小餐馆 2.blog n.博客,网志 3.slave n.奴隶 4.raft n.木排,筏 5.indeed adv.其实,实际上;的确;真正地 6.well-meaning adj.出于好心的,善意的 Unit 4 1.yogurt n.酸奶 2.sex n.性别 3.nutrition n.营养 4.surgery n.外科手术 5.jeans n.牛仔裤 6.digital adj.数码的,数字的 7.series n.(pl.series)一系列,连续 8.external adj.外来的,外在的;外面的,外部的 短文故事识记 Unit 1 Walking along the ______(path) to the newly-built ______(facility), the ______(secondary) school students were attracted by a colorful ______(poster) that introduced various ______(option) such as a ______(calligraphy) ______(workshop) and ______(rugby) training, all designed to help them become more ______(well-rounded) individuals—a useful ______(tip) that the teacher had shared earlier. Unit 2 Sitting in the ______(downtown) café with his laptop on his ______(lap), the young ______(editor) logged into the ______(forum) and posted about how a bird had built a ______(nest) under the ______(roof) of his house, adding that he had picked up an old ______(pipe) at a nearby ______(grocery) store that very morning. Unit 3 Reading a heartfelt ______(blog) in a cozy ______(café), he came to realize that, ______(indeed), one should never live like a ______(slave) drifting on a helpless ______(raft) but should learn to tell sincere friends apart from those who offer merely ______(well-meaning) yet unhelpful advice. Unit 4 After the ______(surgery), the doctor advised him to eat ______(yogurt) rich in ______(nutrition) every morning, avoid tight ______(jeans), and stay away from ______(external) distractions like ______(digital) devices and endless TV ______(series), regardless of his age or ______(sex). 【答案】 Unit 1 小路；设施；中学的；海报；选修课；书法；讲习班；橄榄球运动；全面发展的；提示 Unit 2 在市中心；大腿部；编辑；论坛；巢穴；屋顶；烟斗；食品杂货店 Unit 3 博客；咖啡馆；确实；奴隶；木排；出于好心的 Unit 4外科手术；酸奶；营养；牛仔裤；外来的；数码的；一系列；性别 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1.lie in 存在于,在于 2.rise to 能够处理 3.make a difference 起作用,有影响 4.make the most of 充分利用,尽情享受 5.take advantage of 利用 6.last but not least 最后但同样重要的 7.look forward to 盼望,期待 8.as a result of 由于 9.stick to 坚持;固守,维持 10.over time 随着时间流逝,久而久之 11.put simply 简单地说,简而言之 12.make an effort/efforts to do sth 努力做某事,尽力做某事 13.sign up for 报名参加 Unit 2 1.see eye to eye with sb(on sth)　 (在某事上)与某人看法一致 2.shoot up快速长高,蹿个儿 3.calm down平静,镇静,安静 4.from one’s point of view从某人的角度、观点出发 5.think sth through充分考虑,全盘考虑,想透 6.back down承认错误,认输 7.cheer up (使)变得高兴,振奋起来 8.be on sb’s back about sth缠磨,烦扰 9.draw sth out of sth提取,支取 10.put stress on sb给某人施加压力 11.put...in one’s shoes处于某人的境地;设身处地 12.address their concerns消除他们的顾虑 13.at a different rate以不同的速度 14.go through the same pain经历同样的痛苦 Unit 3 1.on the rocks　 (关系)陷于困境,濒临崩溃 2.out of one’s sight 脱离某人的视线 3.make it 能够出席;准时到达;获得成功 4.at a loss 不知所措,困惑 5.in the wrong 有错,应承担责任 6.in any case无论如何,不管怎样 7.let go of 放弃,摒弃;松手,放开 8.count on 依赖,依靠,指望 9.eat away at 腐蚀,侵蚀,逐渐破坏 10.come between...and... 损害…之间的关系,离间;妨碍 11.in person 亲自,亲身 12.high point 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 13.through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻,同甘共苦 14.in one’s opinion 在某人看来 15.get over克服;恢复常态 16.bring out使显现,使表现出 17.smooth out消除(问题),克服(困难) 18.be meant to do sth 注定要做某事,应做某事 19.take on 呈现,具有 20.in full measure 最大程度地,最大限度地 Unit 4 1.pass out 　 昏迷,失去知觉 2.slim down 变苗条,减肥 3.side effect 副作用 4.take in 摄入,吸收 5.get into shape 强身健体 6.contribute to 促成,造成 7.in the short/long term 从短期/长期看 8.in addition 此外 9.hang over 使忧心忡忡,担心可能发生 10.guard against 防范,防止,提防 11.live up to 达到,符合,不辜负 12.end up 最终成为,最终处于 13.show off 显示,展示;炫耀,卖弄 14.take pride in 为…自豪,为…骄傲 15.fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗 短语匹配 Unit 1 序号匹配 英文 中文 1—D 1. lie in A. 充分利用，尽情享受 2. rise to B. 盼望，期待 3. make a difference C. 坚持；固守，维持 4. make the most of D. 存在于，在于 5. take advantage of E. 能够处理 6. last but not least F. 由于 7. look forward to G. 简单地说，简而言之 8. as a result of H. 起作用，有影响 9. stick to I. 利用 10. over time J. 最后但同样重要的 11. put simply K. 随着时间流逝，久而久之 12. make an effort/efforts to do sth L. 报名参加 13. sign up for M. 努力做某事，尽力做某事 答案： 1-D, 2-E, 3-H, 4-A, 5-I, 6-J, 7-B, 8-F, 9-C, 10-K, 11-G, 12-M, 13-L Unit 2 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. see eye to eye with sb (on sth) A. 快速长高，蹿个儿 2. shoot up B. 承认错误，认输 3. calm down C. 充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 4. from one's point of view D. 缠磨，烦扰 5. think sth through E. 从某人的角度、观点出发 6. back down F. (在某事上)与某人看法一致 7. cheer up G. 消除他们的顾虑 8. be on sb's back about sth H. 提取，支取 9. draw sth out of sth I. 给某人施加压力 10. put stress on sb J. 设身处地 11. put...in one's shoes K. 经历同样的痛苦 12. address their concerns L. 平静，镇静，安静 13. at a different rate M. 以不同的速度 14. go through the same pain N. (使)变得高兴，振奋起来 答案： 1-F, 2-A, 3-L, 4-E, 5-C, 6-B, 7-N, 8-D, 9-H, 10-I, 11-J, 12-G, 13-M, 14-K Unit 3 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. on the rocks A. 依赖，依靠，指望 2. out of one's sight B. 克服；恢复常态 3. make it C. 损害…之间的关系，离间；妨碍 4. at a loss D. 脱离某人的视线 5. in the wrong E. 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦 6. in any case F. (关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃 7. let go of G. 使显现，使表现出 8. count on H. 能够出席；准时到达；获得成功 9. eat away at I. 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 10. come between...and... J. 有错，应承担责任 11. in person K. 消除(问题)，克服(困难) 12. high point L. 在某人看来 13. through thick and thin M. 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 14. in one's opinion N. 亲自，亲身 15. get over O. 呈现，具有 16. bring out P. 不知所措，困惑 17. smooth out Q. 无论如何，不管怎样 18. be meant to do sth R. 最大程度地，最大限度地 19. take on S. 注定要做某事，应做某事 20. in full measure T. 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 答案： 1-F, 2-D, 3-H, 4-P, 5-J, 6-Q, 7-I, 8-A, 9-M, 10-C, 11-N, 12-T, 13-E, 14-L, 15-B, 16-G, 17-K, 18-S, 19-O, 20-R Unit 4 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. pass out A. 防范，防止，提防 2. slim down B. 此外 3. side effect C. 促成，造成 4. take in D. 最终成为，最终处于 5. get into shape E. 从短期/长期看 6. contribute to F. 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 7. in the short/long term G. 副作用 8. in addition H. 变苗条，减肥 9. hang over I. 为…自豪，为…骄傲 10. guard against J. 昏迷，失去知觉 11. live up to K. 强身健体 12. end up L. 摄入，吸收 13. show off M. 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生 14. take pride in N. 打一场无望取胜的仗 15. fight a losing battle O. 达到，符合，不辜负 答案： 1-J, 2-H, 3-G, 4-L, 5-K, 6-C, 7-E, 8-B, 9-M, 10-A, 11-O, 12-D, 13-F, 14-I, 15-N 一、 真题实战 1. （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B篇）When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. 24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 答案：C 解析： 题干定位到前两段，文中描述John“loved to explore the woods”和“observing how nature solved problems”，体现了他喜欢探究自然如何解决问题。选项A“喜欢旅行”未提及；选项B“喜欢独处”未体现；选项D“想当医生”未提及。explore（探索）和observe（观察）直接指向“inquiring mind”（求知欲），故选C。 【思维建模】 句中 explore（探索）和 observe（观察）为Unit 1核心词汇，这两个动词描绘了John对自然的好奇与主动探究。正确理解这两词，能直接定位到选项C“inquiring mind”。说明文或记叙文中，通过人物动作描写词汇推断人物性格是常见题型，需抓住动词背后的情感倾向。 2. （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇）On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The effect of combining the estimates of a crowd of independent individuals was surprising: the average of their estimates was remarkably accurate. 32. What is paragraph 1 of the text mainly about? A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect. C. The causes of people's errors. D. The design of Galton's experiment. 答案：B 解析： 首段引入“wisdom of crowds” effect并解释其含义：多人估算的平均值异常准确。A项“估算方法”未展开；C项“错误原因”未涉及；D项“实验设计”未提及。全段围绕effect的定义和原理展开，故选B。 【思维建模】 句中反复出现的 effect（效果，效应）为Unit 1阅读词汇。说明文首段通常通过核心名词引出文章主题，把握 effect 的反复出现及其解释性描述，即可判断本段主旨为“效应的底层逻辑”。答题时需聚焦段落中心词及对其的解释说明。 3.（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇）The study found that many teenagers feel anxious about social situations, which may lead to mental stress. The researchers recommend that schools provide more mental health resources. 33. What suggestion do the researchers offer? A. Reducing school hours. B. Providing mental health support. C. Increasing social activities. D. Encouraging academic competition. 答案：B 解析： 研究人员建议学校提供更多心理健康资源。A项“减少上课时间”未提；C项“增加社交活动”未提；D项“鼓励学业竞争”与原文相反。定位到recommend后的宾语从句即可。故选B。 【思维建模】句中 recommend（建议，推荐）为Unit 2核心词，是引出研究建议的典型动词。阅读理解中，建议往往由recommend、suggest等引出。定位 recommend 后的宾语从句内容，可直接匹配选项。掌握建议类动词，能迅速找到答案出处。 4. （2024·浙江卷1月·完形填空片段）While taking a 20-hour train ride, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ______ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ______ me on the train. My ______ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ______ to practice my Chinese. 1. A. experiment  B. encounter  C. competition  D. appointment 2. A. treated  B. saved  C. lectured  D. approached 3. A. true  B. so-called  C. new  D. long-lost 4. A. chance  B. advice  C. trouble  D. right 答案： B D C A 解析： 1题：火车上与当地人一次美妙的邂逅，encounter符合语境。2题：陌生人“走近”用approached。3题：刚认识的朋友为new friend。4题：took the chance与took the opportunity同义，呼应前文。 【思维建模】encounter虽非直接必修一词汇，但与exchange、contact属同一人际话题；chance呼应opportunity；new对应friend，构成完整的人物关系发展链。完形填空依靠连续动词链（approached → spoke → took）推进情节，需整体把握动作先后和情感走向。 5.（2025·北京卷·完形填空）He had always been a picky eater, but after attending a nutrition workshop, he decided to change his ______ and eat more vegetables. A. diet  B. habit  C. schedule  D. lifestyle 答案：A 解析： 由前文“picky eater”（挑食者）和后文“eat more vegetables”可知，他改变的是“日常饮食”，diet为最佳选项。habit（习惯）范围过大，schedule（日程安排）和lifestyle（生活方式）与“吃蔬菜”的具体行为距离较远。 【思维建模】diet（日常饮食，节食）为Unit 4核心词。完形填空中，diet常与eat、vegetable、balanced、nutrition等词构成饮食话题词汇网。解题时需关注上下文的具体语境，“picky eater”和“vegetables”直接锁定diet为唯一合逻辑的选项。 6.（2025·浙江卷首考·完形填空）He decided to make a change in his lifestyle. He cut out junk food from his ______, started working out regularly, and eventually got back in ______. A. diet  B. schedule  C. plan  D. routine A. order  B. shape  C. sight  D. place 答案：A B 解析： 第一空：cut out...from one's diet意为“从饮食中戒掉……”，diet（日常饮食）为Unit 4核心词。schedule（日程）、plan（计划）、routine（日常常规）均不能与“junk food”构成合理的语义搭配。第二空：get back in shape意为“恢复体形/健康状况良好”，为Unit 4核心短语。order（秩序）、sight（视野）、place（位置）均不能表达身体健康恢复之意。 【思维建模】diet和in shape均为Unit 4核心词汇/短语。健康话题的完形填空中，常围绕“饮食（diet）—锻炼（work out）—体型（shape）”构成叙事链条。cut out、from one's diet、get back in shape为高频固定搭配，需整体记忆，解题时根据上下文快速锁定。 2、 命题演练 一：基础词汇变形填空 1．Experts believe that a ________ (challenge) situation can often bring out the best qualities of a person. 2．Actually, the company is anxious ________(improve) its image. 3．Up to now, medical technology _________(advance) greatly throughout the world. 4．The second________(challenge) is a heavyweight. 5．I fancy I will have a chance to explore the _______ (amaze) place one day. 6．It was _________(amaze) that he knew nothing about the event. 7．He ________(alarm)at the safety of his younger brother. 8．With his attention _________ (focus) on the legend of a master in basketball, he didn’t make it to school on time. 9．Smoking is responsible________ many cases of lung cancer. 10．You have to balance the advantages________ the disadvantages of doing so. 11．The illness is caused by a hormonal(激素的)________(balance). 12．I hope he proves equal________ the challenge. 13．Not all men are equal ________the ability. 14．You can and must act wisely and________(confident). 15．“I feel more________(confidence)in my actions now," Taylor says. 16．We have confidence ________our team. 17．I like my job to be________ challenge. 18．His________(contribute)to the world was really admirable. 19．I thought he was very________(attract)and obviously very intelligent. 20．The city is an important tourist________(attract). 21．As one of the most________ places, Mount Wuyi________ millions of tourists each year, and one of its most famous tourist ________is the Nine-Bend Stream.(attract) 22．Seeing the ________ scene, the little girl was________ to death and cried in________, with a________ expression on her face. (fright) 23．We will give you more__________(independent). 24．You’d better set aside some time every day for exercise so that you can keep yourself________(energy). 25．________a result, the bad thing has been turned into a good one. 26．He made an outstanding ______(contribute) to science. 27．A __________ (balance) diet means a bit of everything. 28．He’s a ________ (profession) designer. 29．________ my disappointment, his behavior caused some misunderstanding between us. 30．If you take the time and effort to do this, you'll end up _________more friends. 31．_________(fortunate), she promised me an interview chance. 32．I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for _______(argue). 33．His mother is _________(concern)about his future and his happiness. 34．Her _________(argue)was that it would be cheaper to buy a new radio than to get the old one repaired. 35．The man who suffers from anxiety and________(tense) needs to be examined by the doctor. 36．Things can easily go wrong when people are________ stress. 37．________view of the weather, the event will be held indoors. 38．They struggled________ the strong snow and finally reached the farm. 39．Tom took the police to the spot________ the accident happened. 40．They knew about the accident. That is because they were________ the spot when it happened. 41．Besides, people are likely to feel more comfortable if a joke can take their _______(anxious) away. 42．His argument________ the plan sounds reasonable. 43．The children are always arguing________ which TV programme to watch. 44．Do what you are told and don’t argue________ me. 45．He made a strong________(argue) against accepting the offer. 46．He had to have his spleen (脾脏) removed in an emergency________(operate). 47．On China Youth Volunteer Service Day, teenagers are encouraged to do________(volunteer) work where they are needed. 48．Helen volunteered________(have) Thanksgiving at her house this year. 49．Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as a________(voluntary) in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. 50．Nancy became a teacher after________(graduate). 51．________no account should you leave the door unlocked. 52．He became a teacher after ________ (graduate) from college. 53．She was eager ________ (get) back to work as soon as possible. 54．Our attention ought to be focused on the more________(press)problems. 55．Are you satisfied with the ______(perform) of your new car? 56．They gathered round the swimming pool and cheered her________. 57．His most exciting invitation was________(perform)on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops”. 58．If you’re looking for some exciting and new music, download the app that is designed________ young people. 59．“The most famous________(design) are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says. 60．His heart ________(operate) was a great success. 参考答案： 1．challenging 【详解】考查形容词。句意：专家们认为，一个具有挑战性的环境往往能激发出一个人的最佳品质。分析句子可知，“situation”为名词，空格处应用形容词，作定语，“challenge”意为“挑战”，名词词性，“situation”指物，故空格处应用“challenging”，意为“具有挑战性的”，修饰事物。故填challenging。 2．to improve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：实际上，这家公司很想改善它的形象。句中is为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。be anxious to do sth为固定搭配，意为“渴望去做某事”。故填to improve。 3．has advanced 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，医疗技术在世界各地已经有了很大的进步。动词advance在句中作谓语，根据时间状语up to now(到目前为止)可知，应使用现在完成时；主语technology为单数形式，助动词have应使用单三形式。故填has advanced。 4．challenger 【详解】考查名词。句意：第二位挑战者是重量级选手。根据句意及空后a heavyweight可知，此处指“挑战者”，应用名词challenger，且使用单数形式。故填challenger。 5．amazing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想有一天我会有机会去探索这个神奇的地方。形容词修饰名词，空后为名词，所以此处用形容词；place“地方”，为指物的名词，所以用ing的形容词，故填amazing。 6．amazing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶的是他对这件事一无所知。句中用形容词作表语，表示“令人惊讶的”，用形容词amazing。故填amazing。 7．is alarmed 【详解】考查动词。句意：他为弟弟的安全感到担忧。分析句子，设空处应该使用动词作谓语，此处描述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句中be alarmed at sth为固定搭配，意为“对……感到担忧”。故填is alarmed。 8．focused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他的注意力都集中在一个篮球大师的传奇上，他没能准时到学校。分析句子可知，提示词是with复合结构中宾语his attention的补足语，是谓语动词，与其逻辑主语his attention之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填focused。 9．for 【详解】考查介词。句意：吸烟是导致许多肺癌的原因。be responsible for“（对……）负责，是造成……的原因”。故填for。 10．against 【详解】考查介词。句意：你必须权衡这样做的利弊。根据空前的balance可知，本题考查短语balance A against B，意为“权衡A和B”。故填against。 11．imbalance 【详解】考查名词。句意：该疾病是由于激素的不平衡导致的。分析句子，根据空前形容词hormonal可知空处要用名词；结合句中 illness可知，设空处应该填写balance的否定形式imbalance，在家族中作宾语。imbalance意为“不平衡”，符合句意。故填imbalance。 12．to 【详解】考查介词。句意：我希望他能证明自己能胜任这个挑战。分析句意再根据空格前的equal可知，此处用介词to构成固定搭配equal to表示“胜任”符合语境。故填to。 13．in 【详解】考查介词。句意：并非所有人在能力上都是平等的。be equal in“在某方是平等的”。故填in。 14．confidently 【详解】考查副词。句意：你可以而且必须明智和自信地采取行动。副词修饰动词，and表示并列，前后都是副词。故填confidently。 15．confident 【详解】考查形容词。句意：泰勒说：“我现在对自己的行动更有信心。”分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。confidence的形容词形式为confident。故填confident。 16．in 【详解】考查介词。句意：我们对我们的团队有信心。have confidence in sb 表“对某人由信心”，为固定搭配。故填in。 17．a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我喜欢有挑战性的工作。此处泛指“一个挑战”，应用不定冠词，challenge是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。 18．contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对世界的贡献真是令人钦佩。作主语，应用名词contribution，根据后文was可知用单数。故填contribution。 19．attractive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我觉得他是很有吸引力的，而且明显是很聪明的。副词very后接形容词作表语；根据英文提示，故填attractive。 20．attraction 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个城市是一个重要的旅游景点。结合空前形容词important可知，此处用名词，短语：tourist attraction“旅游景点”，attraction为可数名词，根据空前an,所以此处用单数名词。故填attraction。 21．     attractive     attracts     attractions 【详解】考查形容词、动词、名词和一般现在时。句意：作为最具吸引力的地方之一，武夷山每年吸引数以百万计的游客，其最著名的旅游景点之一是九弯溪。根据后文“places”可知，第一个空格处应填形容词作定语修饰后面的名词，故第一个空格处填attractive，表示“有吸引力的”；分析句子结构可知，第二个空格所在的句子缺少动词，故空格处应填入动词，根据and连接的前后句时态一致可知，应使用一般现在时，因主语为第三人称单数，所以使用动词的三单形式，故第二个空格处填attracts；根据“one of.... ……之一”结构可知，one of 后面使用可数名词复数，故第三个空格处应填attractions。故填①attractive②attracts③attractions。 22．     frightening     frightened     fright     frightened 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：看到这可怕的场面，小女孩吓得哭了起来，脸上带着惊恐的表情。分析可知，“fright”，为名词，意为“惊吓；恐怖”，其动词形式为“frighten”，意为“使惊吓；使恐怖”，其形容词形式为“frightened(害怕的)”和“frightening(令人害怕的)”。空①应是形容词作定语，“scene”意为“场景”，为事物，应是“-ing”形式结尾的形容词，因此空①填“frightening”；空②应是形容词作表语，主语“the little girl”意为“这个小女孩”，为人，应是“-ed”形式结尾的形容词，因此空②填“frightened”；空③为名词作宾语，故填“fright”；空④为形容词作定语，“expression”意为“表情”，与人有关，用“-ed”结尾的形容词，因此空④填“frightened”。故填①frightening；②frightened；③fright；④frightened。 23．independence 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们会给你更多的自主权。动词give后接名词作宾语。名词independence为不可数名词。故填independence。 24．energetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你最好每天留出一些时间锻炼身体，这样你才能保持精力充沛。keep sb/sth+形容词，是固定搭配，译为“使某物/某人保持某种状态”；根据英文提示，故填energetic。 25．As 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：结果，坏事变成了好事。短语as a result，意为“结果”，根据句意和语境，可知设空处是as，位于句首，首字母大写，故填As。 26．contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对科学做出了杰出的贡献。根据前文made an可知，此处应用其名词形式的单数作宾语。故填contribution。 27．balanced 【详解】考查形容词。句意：均衡的饮食意味着什么都要吃一点。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词diet，结合语意可知，此处意为“均衡的”，应用形容词balanced。故填balanced。 28．professional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一个专业设计师。设空处在a后，名词designer之前，应用形容词，profession的形容词为professional，意为“职业的，专业的”，作前置定语。故填professional。 29．To 【详解】考查介词。句意：令我失望的是，他的行为引起了我们之间的误会。此处考查介词短语to one’s disappointment，意为“令我失望的是……”，作状语。设空处应用介词To。句首单词首字母应大写。故填To。 30．with 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你花时间和精力去做这件事，你会得到更多的朋友。此处考查动词短语end up with，意为“以……而结束”，设空处应填介词with，后接宾语。故填with。 31．Fortunately 【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，她答应给我一个面试的机会。此处修饰后面整句话，应用副词，“她答应给我一个面试的机会”是一件幸运的事情，应用fortunately。故填Fortunately。 32．argument 【详解】考查名词。句意：我喜欢事实，喜欢具体的东西。我认为任何抽象的东西都会留下太多争论的余地。介词后接名词作宾语，此处应用名词argument作宾语，且此处表示抽象意义，意为“争论”，为不可数名词，故填argument。 33．concerned 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的妈妈很关心他的未来和幸福。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。concern意为“担心，担忧，关心”，其形容词变形为concerned，意为“担心的，关心的”，短语be concerned about意为“关心，对……担心，担忧”符合题意。故填concerned。 34．argument 【详解】考查名词。句意：她的论点是买一台新收音机要比修理旧收音机便宜。作主语，应用名词argument，结合后文was可知应用单数。故填argument。 35．tension 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个患有焦虑和紧张症的人需要医生检查一下。根据句意和连词and前的anxiety以及所给形容词tense可知，空格处应该填入tense的名词形式作suffer from的宾语，且意义为“紧张”。故填tension。 36．under 【详解】考查介词。句意：当人们处于压力之下时，事情很容易出错。分析句子可知，此处为介词短语under stress“处于压力之下”，满足句意要求。故填under。 37．In 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：鉴于天气原因，这项活动将在室内举行。in view of为固定短语，表示“鉴于，考虑到”，空处应填介词in，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填In。 38．against 【详解】考查介词。句意：他们与大雪搏斗，终于到达了农场。结合句意表达“与……搏斗”用struggle against。故填against。 39．where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆把警察带到事故发生的地点。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的名词spot，这是一个定语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。 40．on 【详解】考查介词。句意：他们知道这起事故，是因为事故发生时，他们在现场。根据句意可知，此处意为“在现场”，表达为on the spot，故填on。 41．anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，如果一个笑话可以消除他们的焦虑，人们可能会感到更舒服。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作“take”的宾语，“anxious”意为“焦虑的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为“anxiety”，意为“焦虑”，为不可数名词。故填anxiety。 42．against 【详解】考查介词。句意：他反对该计划的论点听起来很合理。结合句子结构和句意可知，此处应用介词against表示“反对”，介词短语against the plan作名词argument的后置定语。故填against。 43．about##over 【详解】考查介词。句意：孩子们经常因为看哪个电视节目而争论起来。根据句意可知，此处意为“就……争论”，表达为argue about/over sth.，故填about/over。 44．with 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：按照要求去做不要和我争论。根据句意可知，此处表示“和我争吵”，应用固定短语argue with sb“和某人吵架、争论”，故填with。 45．argument 【详解】考查名词。句意：他极力反对接受这项提议。作宾语，应用名词argument，不定冠词提示用单数。故填argument。 46．operation 【详解】考查名词。句意：他在紧急手术中切除了脾脏。空格处用名词作宾语，由“have his spleen (脾脏) removed”可知，他是做了手术，空格处意为“手术”，名词是operation，空前有an，因此空格处用单数，故填operation。 47．voluntary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在中国青年志愿服务日，鼓励青少年在需要的地方做志愿工作。形容词voluntary作定语，修饰名词work。故填voluntary。 48．to have 【详解】考查不定式。句意：海伦自愿今年在她家过感恩节。volunteer to do sth. (自愿做某事)，have用不定式形式。故填to have。 49．volunteer 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：去年我去看望苏珊时，她辞去了高薪工作，在附近做志愿者。结合不定冠词a可知，用单数名词volunteer作宾语。故填volunteer。 50．graduation 【详解】考查名词。句意：南希毕业后成为一名教师。用抽象名词graduation作宾语，用名词形式强调毕业的状态。故填graduation。 51．On 【详解】考查介词。句意：你绝不能不锁门。on no account (绝不)符合句意，首字母大写。故填On。 52．graduating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他大学毕业后当了一名教师。分析句子可知，“after”为介词，后接动名词作宾语，“graduate”意为“毕业”，动词词性，动名词形式为“graduating”。故填graduating。 53．to get 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她渴望尽快回去工作。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“be eager to do sth.”，意为“渴望做某事”，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，故空格处应填“to get”。故填to get。 54．pressing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的注意力应该集中在更紧迫的问题上。修饰后文名词应用形容词pressing“紧迫的”，作定语。故填pressing。 55．performance 【详解】考查名词。句意：你对你的新车的性能满意吗？根据空前定冠词the可知，此处为名词的填入，结合句意为不可数名词performance意为“性能”，满足句意要求。故填performance。 56．on 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他们聚集在游泳池周围，为她加油。动词短语cheer sb. on意为“为某人加油鼓劲儿”，符合句意。故填on。 57．to perform 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最令他激动的邀请是在一个叫“Top of the Pops”的电视节目上表演。分析句子成分可知，本句谓语为was，所以提示词只能为非谓语动词作表语。根据句意可知，表演还未进行，故用不定式表将来作表语。故填to perform。 58．for 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你正在寻找一些令人兴奋的新音乐，下载为年轻人设计的应用程序。短语be designed for表示“为……而设计”。故填for。 59．designers 【详解】考查名词及单复数。句意：“最著名的设计师是中国人，模特也是中国人，消费者也是中国人，”她说。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作主语，根据句意及下文models和consumers，应该是表示人的名词，名词designer符合句意；后面谓语are使用了复数形式，所以该空应使用名词复数形式。故填designers。 60．operation 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的心脏手术非常成功。设空处应作主语，operate的名词为operation，意为“手术”，谓语动词为was，故用名词的单数形式。故填operation。 二：单句提升语法填空 一、非谓语动词 1. （2025·南京一模）________ (expose) to different cultures at a young age, children tend to develop a more open-minded attitude towards the world. 【答案】Exposed 【翻译】在年幼时接触不同的文化，孩子们往往会对世界形成更加开放的态度。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 tend to，设空处作状语，逻辑主语 children 与 expose 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词 Exposed（注意句首大写）。expose...to... 意为“使……接触……”。 2. （2025·广州一模）The athlete, ________ (battle) with a severe knee injury for months, finally withdrew from the championship, which disappointed his fans greatly. 【答案】having battled 【翻译】这位运动员与严重的膝盖伤病斗争了数月，最终退出了锦标赛，这让他的粉丝非常失望。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 withdrew，设空处作状语。battle 与主语 the athlete 为主动关系，且强调动作发生在谓语动作之前，故用现在分词的完成式 having battled。 3. （2025·深圳一模）________ (judge) from the expression on his face, he must have received some good news, perhaps about the job he had been longing for. 【答案】Judging 【翻译】从他脸上的表情来判断，他一定是收到了什么好消息，也许是他一直渴望的那份工作有了着落。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。Judging from/by... 为独立成分，是固定用法，意为“根据……来判断”，不受句子主语制约，故直接用现在分词形式。注意句首大写。 4. （2025·苏北四市一模）The project, ________ (design) to boost the local economy, has created over a thousand job opportunities since it was launched last year. 【答案】designed 【翻译】这个旨在促进当地经济的项目，自去年启动以来已经创造了一千多个就业机会。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 has created，逗号之间为插入定语，修饰主语 The project。design 与主语之间为被动关系，故填过去分词 designed。be designed to do sth. 意为“旨在做某事”。 5. （2025·武汉二模）________ (seek) a balance between career and family, many young parents are choosing flexible working hours over high salaries. 【答案】Seeking 【翻译】为了在事业和家庭之间寻求平衡，许多年轻父母正在选择弹性工作时间而不是高薪。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 are choosing，设空处作目的状语，seek 与主语之间为主动关系，故用现在分词 Seeking（注意句首大写）。 6. （2025·合肥一模）________ (survive) the earthquake was nothing short of a miracle, considering how severely the buildings had been damaged. 【答案】Surviving 【翻译】考虑到建筑物损毁的严重程度，在地震中幸存下来简直就是一个奇迹。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中谓语动词为 was，设空处作主语，应用动名词形式。survive 为及物动词，意为“从……中幸存”。句首单词首字母大写，故填 Surviving。 7. （2025·长沙一模）The new app, ________ (function) as a personal health assistant, reminds users to take in enough water and get into shape through daily exercise. 【答案】functioning 【翻译】这款作为个人健康助手运行的新应用程序，会提醒用户摄入足够的水分，并通过日常锻炼来强身健体。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 reminds，逗号之间为插入定语，修饰主语 The new app。function as 意为“起……的作用，作为……运行”，与主语之间为主动关系，故填现在分词 functioning。 8. （2025·济南一模） He apologized for not ________ (handle) the situation properly, admitting that he should have thought things through before reacting. 【答案】having handled 【翻译】他为自己没有妥善处理这一情况而道歉，承认他本应在做出反应之前全盘考虑清楚。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。介词 for 后接动名词，且“处理”动作发生在 apologized 之前，故用动名词的完成式 having handled。apologize for doing sth. 意为“为做某事而道歉”。 9. （2025·苏锡常镇一模）________ (accompany) by a security guard, the celebrity finally managed to escape the crowd of reporters and get into the car. 【答案】Accompanied 【翻译】在一名保安的陪同下，这位名人终于设法躲开那群记者，钻进了车里。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 managed，设空处作状语。逻辑主语 the celebrity 与 accompany 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词 Accompanied（注意句首大写）。 10. （2025·郑州一模）With the deadline ________ (approach), the team had to work extra hours to ensure every detail was thoroughly checked. 【答案】approaching 【翻译】随着截止日期的临近，团队不得不加班工作以确保每个细节都得到了彻底检查。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。with 复合结构中，宾语 the deadline 与 approach（临近）之间为主动关系，故填现在分词 approaching。 11. （2025·杭州一模）The scientist devoted every waking moment to ________ (explore) the unknown, driven by a burning desire to make a difference in the world. 【答案】exploring 【翻译】在让世界变得更美好的强烈渴望驱动下，这位科学家把醒着的每一刻都用来探索未知。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。devote...to... 中的 to 为介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填 exploring。make a difference 意为“起作用，有影响”。 12. （2025·大连一模）________ (suffer) from anxiety for years, she finally decided to seek professional help, which proved to be a turning point in her life. 【答案】Having suffered 【翻译】多年来一直饱受焦虑之苦，她最终决定寻求专业帮助，这被证明是她人生的转折点。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 decided，设空处作状语。suffer 与主语 she 为主动关系，且强调动作发生在谓语动作之前，故用现在分词的完成式 Having suffered。句首首字母大写。 二、动词时态与语态 13. （2025·青岛一模）Over the past decade, the small village ________ (transform) into a popular tourist attraction, drawing visitors from all over the country. 【答案】has been transformed 【翻译】在过去的十年里，这个小村庄已经被改造成了一个受欢迎的旅游景点，吸引着来自全国各地的游客。 【详解】考查时态与语态。时间状语 Over the past decade 常与现在完成时连用，主语 village 与 transform 之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态 has been transformed。 14. （2025·西安一模）At the very moment when he felt his career was on the rocks, an unexpected call ________ (enable) him to seize a new opportunity. 【答案】enabled 【翻译】就在他觉得事业陷入困境的那一刻，一个意外的电话使他得以抓住新的机会。 【详解】考查动词时态。由时间状语 At the very moment when...可知，句子叙述过去某一时刻发生的事情，用一般过去时。enable 的过去式为 enabled。on the rocks 意为“（关系）陷于困境，濒临崩溃”。 15. （2025·成都一模）By the time he graduated from college, he ________ (acquire) a wide range of skills that would later prove essential in his career. 【答案】had acquired 【翻译】到大学毕业时，他已经掌握了一系列后来在职业生涯中被证明至关重要的技能。 【详解】考查动词时态。By the time 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句动作之前，表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时 had acquired。 16. （2025·重庆一模） A new campus for the international exchange program ________ (construct) at present, and it is expected to be completed by next September. 【答案】is being constructed 【翻译】国际交流项目的新校园目前正在建设中，预计将在明年九月完工。 【详解】考查时态与语态。时间状语 at present 提示用现在进行时，主语 campus 与 construct 之间为被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态 is being constructed。 17. （2025·天津一模）Great changes ________ (take) place in the small town ever since the new mayor came into power, and the locals take pride in the remarkable development. 【答案】have taken 【翻译】自从新市长上任以来，这个小镇发生了巨大的变化，当地人对这显著的发展感到自豪。 【详解】考查动词时态。ever since 引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时。take place 为不及物动词短语，无被动语态，故填 have taken。 18. （2025·南昌一模）The manager said that the problem ________ (address) at the next board meeting, and urged everyone to remain calm and patient. 【答案】would be addressed 【翻译】经理说这个问题将在下次董事会上解决，并劝大家保持冷静和耐心。 【详解】考查时态与语态。主句谓语动词为 said（过去时），宾语从句表示将来的动作，用过去将来时。problem 与 address（处理，解决）之间为被动关系，故用过去将来时的被动语态 would be addressed。 19. （2025·厦门一模）By the time the rescue team arrived at the scene, the flood ________ (sweep) away most of the houses, leaving hundreds of people homeless. 【答案】had swept 【翻译】当救援队到达现场时，洪水已经冲走了大部分房屋，让数百人无家可归。 【详解】考查动词时态。By the time 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句动作先于从句动作发生，表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时 had swept。 20. （2025·福州一模）Nowadays, many teenagers ________ (expose) to a vast amount of information on social media, which makes it difficult for them to distinguish truth from falsehood. 【答案】are exposed 【翻译】如今，许多青少年接触到社交媒体上的海量信息，这使得他们难以区分真假。 【详解】考查时态与语态。由 Nowadays 可知句子陈述一般现状，用一般现在时。主语 teenagers 与 expose 之间为被动关系，故填 are exposed。 21. （2025·太原一模）She ________ (struggle) with the decision for days before she finally chose to follow her heart rather than yield to her parents' expectations. 【答案】had struggled 【翻译】在她最终选择追随内心而不是屈从于父母的期望之前，她已为这个决定挣扎了数日。 【详解】考查动词时态。主句动作（struggle）发生在 before 引导的从句动作（chose）之前，主句用过去完成时 had struggled。 22. （2025·石家庄一模）A special committee ________ (set) up to investigate the cause of the accident and to prevent similar incidents from happening again. 【答案】has been set 【翻译】一个特别委员会已经成立，以调查事故原因并防止类似事件再次发生。 【详解】考查时态与语态。根据语境，委员会的成立已经完成且对现在有影响，用现在完成时。主语 committee 与 set up（建立）之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态 has been set。 23. （2025·济南一模）The moment she walked onto the stage, she ________ (recognize) as the talented young pianist who had won the national competition the previous year. 【答案】was recognized 【翻译】她走上舞台的那一刻，就被认出来是去年赢得了全国比赛的那位才华横溢的年轻钢琴家。 【详解】考查时态与语态。由 walked 可知句子叙述过去事实，用一般过去时。主语 she 与 recognize 之间为被动关系，故填 was recognized。 24. （2025·沈阳一模）The level of pollution in the river ________ (reduce) significantly since the new environmental policy came into effect two years ago. 【答案】has been reduced 【翻译】自从新的环保政策两年前生效以来，这条河的污染水平已经显著降低。 【详解】考查时态与语态。since 引导的时间状语从句提示主句用现在完成时。主语 pollution 与 reduce（降低，减少）之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态 has been reduced。 三、名词与冠词 25. （2025·南京二模）His ________ (refuse) to back down in the face of pressure earned him the respect of both his colleagues and his opponents. 【答案】refusal 【翻译】他在压力面前拒绝让步的表现为他赢得了同事和对手的尊重。 【详解】考查名词。His 后接名词作主语，refuse 的名词形式为 refusal，意为“拒绝”。back down 意为“承认错误，认输”。 26. （2025·苏州一模）The ________ (acquire) of a second language is a gradual process that requires years of consistent effort and practice. 【答案】acquisition 【翻译】第二语言的习得是一个循序渐进的过程，需要多年的持续努力和练习。 【详解】考查名词。The 后接名词作主语，acquire 的名词形式为 acquisition，意为“获得，习得”。 27. （2025·无锡一模）________ (impress) is what you leave behind when you walk out of a room; character is what people remember long after you are gone. 【答案】Impression 【翻译】印象是你走出房间时留下的东西；而品格是你离开很久之后人们仍然记得的东西。 【详解】考查名词。设空处作主语，impress 的名词形式为 impression，意为“印象”。句首大写，故填 Impression。 28. （2025·常州一模）The ________ (fail) of the project was not due to a lack of resources but to poor communication among team members. 【答案】failure 【翻译】这个项目的失败并非由于缺乏资源，而是由于团队成员之间沟通不畅。 【详解】考查名词。The 后接名词作主语，fail 的名词形式为 failure，意为“失败”。 29. （2025·镇江一模）Children who grow up in a secure environment tend to show more ________ (independent) and self-confidence in their teenage years. 【答案】independence 【翻译】在安全环境中长大的孩子往往在青少年时期表现出更多的独立性和自信。 【详解】考查名词。show 后接名词作宾语，independent 的名词形式为 independence，意为“独立，自主”。more 修饰不可数名词。 30. （2025·徐州一模）The ________ (anxious) that she had been feeling before the speech melted away the moment she stepped onto the stage and saw the friendly faces in the audience. 【答案】anxiety 【翻译】她在演讲前一直感受到的焦虑，在她走上舞台看到观众席上友好的面孔的那一刻烟消云散了。 【详解】考查名词。The 后接名词作主语，anxious 的名词形式为 anxiety，意为“焦虑，担心”。 31. （2025·南通二模）He looked at the pile of unfinished homework with ________ (frustrate), wondering how he could ever get through it all in one night. 【答案】frustration 【翻译】他沮丧地看着那一堆未完成的作业，不知道如何能在一个晚上全部完成。 【详解】考查名词。with 后接名词作宾语，frustrate 的名词形式为 frustration，意为“沮丧，懊恼”。 32. （2025·泰州一模）Her ________ (determine) to succeed was so strong that even the most difficult challenges could not shake her will. 【答案】determination 【翻译】她取得成功的决心如此坚定，以至于即使是最困难的挑战也无法动摇她的意志。 【详解】考查名词。Her 后接名词作主语，determine 的名词形式为 determination，意为“决心，坚定”。 33. （2025·扬州一模）The ________ (discover) that the ancient tomb had not been destroyed by the earthquake came as a huge relief to the archaeological team. 【答案】discovery 【翻译】这座古墓未被地震摧毁的发现让考古队感到如释重负。 【详解】考查名词。The 后接名词作主语，discover 的名词形式为 discovery，意为“发现”。 34. （2025·盐城一模）There is growing ________ (recognize) among educators that mental health is just as important as academic achievement for students' overall development. 【答案】recognition 【翻译】教育工作者们越来越认识到，心理健康对学生全面发展来说与学业成绩同等重要。 【详解】考查名词。growing 后接名词作主语，recognize 的名词形式为 recognition，意为“认识，承认”。 35. （2025·淮安一模）It is believed that the ________ (solve) to the environmental crisis lies not in technology alone but in a fundamental change in human behavior. 【答案】solution 【翻译】人们相信，环境危机的解决方案不仅在于技术，更在于人类行为的根本性改变。 【详解】考查名词。the 后接名词作主语，solve 的名词形式为 solution，意为“解决方案”。 36. （2025·连云港一模）The ________ (secure) of the nation depends not only on its military strength but also on the stability of its economy and society. 【答案】security 【翻译】一个国家的安全不仅取决于其军事力量，也取决于其经济和社会的稳定。 【详解】考查名词。The 后接名词作主语，secure 的名词形式为 security，意为“安全”。 四、形容词与副词 37. （2025·广州二模）It was ________ (incredible) foolish of him to ignore the warning signs and continue investing in a project that was clearly doomed to fail. 【答案】incredibly 【翻译】他忽视那些警示信号，继续投资一个显然注定失败的项目，这简直愚蠢至极。 【详解】考查副词。修饰形容词 foolish 应用副词，incredible 的副词形式为 incredibly，意为“极其，难以置信地”。 38. （2025·深圳二模）The new treatment proved ________ (remarkable) effective in reducing the symptoms, bringing hope to patients who had lost confidence in their recovery. 【答案】remarkably 【翻译】这种新疗法被证明在减轻症状方面非常有效，给那些对康复失去信心的患者带来了希望。 【详解】考查副词。修饰形容词 effective 应用副词，remarkable 的副词形式为 remarkably，意为“非常，极其”。 39. （2025·珠海一模）It was a ________ (challenge) task, but she approached it with enthusiasm and eventually succeeded beyond all expectations. 【答案】challenging 【翻译】这是一项富有挑战性的任务，但她满怀热情地投入其中，最终取得了超出所有人预期的成功。 【详解】考查形容词。修饰名词 task 应用形容词，challenge 的形容词形式为 challenging，意为“富有挑战性的，困难的”。 40. （2025·东莞一模）The mother grew ________ (increase) concerned about her son's strange behavior, which had become more noticeable over the past few weeks. 【答案】increasingly 【翻译】这位母亲越来越担心儿子的异常行为，过去几周这变得更加明显了。 【详解】考查副词。修饰形容词 concerned 应用副词，increase 的副词形式为 increasingly，意为“越来越，日益”。 41. （2025·中山一模）Though he was ________ (physical) exhausted after the marathon, there was a sense of satisfaction on his face that words could not describe. 【答案】physically 【翻译】虽然跑完马拉松后他身体上筋疲力尽，但他的脸上有一种无法用言语形容的满足感。 【详解】考查副词。修饰形容词 exhausted 应用副词，physical 的副词形式为 physically，意为“身体上，肉体上”。 42. （2025·佛山一模）She is ________ (ambition) enough to aim for the top university, yet practical enough to know that consistent effort is the only way to get there. 【答案】ambitious 【翻译】她既有足够的雄心壮志以顶尖大学为目标，又足够务实，知道持续的努力是通往那里的唯一道路。 【详解】考查形容词。be 动词后接形容词作表语，ambition 的形容词形式为 ambitious，意为“有雄心的，有抱负的”。 43. （2025·惠州一模）He spoke so ________ (convince) at the conference that almost everyone present was persuaded to support his proposal. 【答案】convincingly 【翻译】他在会议上说得如此令人信服，以至于在场的几乎每个人都被说服支持他的提议。 【详解】考查副词。修饰动词 spoke 应用副词，convince 的副词形式为 convincingly，意为“令人信服地，有说服力地”。 44. （2025·汕头一模）________ (fortunate), the fire was discovered in time and put out before it could spread to the neighboring buildings. 【答案】Fortunately 【翻译】幸运的是，火灾被及时发现并在蔓延到邻近建筑物之前被扑灭了。 【详解】考查副词。设空处位于句首修饰整个句子，应用副词。根据句意，火灾被及时扑灭是“幸运的”，故填 Fortunately（注意句首大写）。 45. （2025·肇庆一模）The ending of the movie was so ________ (predict) that the audience lost interest halfway through and started checking their phones. 【答案】predictable 【翻译】这部电影的结局太容易预料了，以至于观众看到一半就失去了兴趣，开始看手机。 【详解】考查形容词。so 后接形容词作表语，predict 的形容词形式为 predictable，意为“可预测的，意料之中的”。 46. （2025·清远一模）He reacted ________ (angry) to the criticism, shouting at the judge and slamming the door as he stormed out of the office. 【答案】angrily 【翻译】他对批评做出了愤怒的反应，对着评委大喊大叫，并在冲出办公室时砰地摔上了门。 【详解】考查副词。修饰动词 reacted 应用副词，angry 的副词形式为 angrily，意为“愤怒地”。 47. （2025·韶关一模）The success of this project is highly ________ (depend) on whether all team members can cooperate effectively and communicate openly. 【答案】dependent 【翻译】这个项目的成功在很大程度上取决于所有团队成员能否有效合作、坦诚沟通。 【详解】考查形容词。be dependent on 为固定搭配，意为“取决于，依赖于”。highly 修饰形容词 dependent。 48. （2025·湛江一模）The results of the survey were ________ (surprise) positive, far exceeding what the researchers had originally expected to find. 【答案】surprisingly 【翻译】调查结果出奇地积极，远远超出了研究人员原先预期能发现的结果。 【详解】考查副词。修饰形容词 positive 应用副词，surprise 的副词形式为 surprisingly，意为“惊人地，出奇地”。 五、词性转换综合 49. （2025·长春一模）His ________ (generous) knew no bounds, and it was this quality that made him respected by everyone in the community. 【答案】generosity 【翻译】他的慷慨大度无远弗届，正是这种品质让他受到社区中每个人的尊敬。 【详解】考查名词。His 后接名词作主语，generous 的名词形式为 generosity，意为“慷慨，大方”。 50. （2025·哈尔滨一模）The ________ (deep) of her love for her children was beyond measure; she was willing to sacrifice everything for their happiness. 【答案】depth 【翻译】她对孩子们的爱深不可测；她愿意为他们的幸福牺牲一切。 【详解】考查名词。The 后接名词作主语，deep 的名词形式为 depth，意为“深度，深厚”。 51. （2025·吉林一模）The minister emphasized the ________ (important) of educating teenagers about the potential dangers of smoking and drinking. 【答案】importance 【翻译】部长强调了教育青少年了解吸烟和饮酒潜在危害的重要性。 【详解】考查名词。the 后接名词作宾语，important 的名词形式为 importance，意为“重要性”。 52. （2025·南宁一模）His constant ________ (interrupt) during the meeting annoyed everyone present, making it impossible to have a smooth discussion. 【答案】interruption 【翻译】他在会议期间不断的打断惹恼了所有在场的人，使顺畅的讨论成为不可能。 【详解】考查名词。constant 后接名词作主语，interrupt 的名词形式为 interruption，意为“打断，中断”。 53. （2025·贵阳一模）The actress looked ________ (stun) in the elegant evening gown, and all eyes were fixed on her the moment she entered the hall. 【答案】stunning 【翻译】这位女演员穿着那件优雅的晚礼服看起来惊艳极了，她一进入大厅，所有目光都集中在她身上。 【详解】考查形容词。looked 在此处为系动词，后接形容词作表语。stun 的形容词形式为 stunning，意为“极美的，令人惊艳的”。 54. （2025·昆明一模）The young man's ________ (capable) to solve complex problems impressed the interviewers and helped him stand out among all the candidates. 【答案】capability 【翻译】这位年轻人解决复杂问题的能力给面试官留下了深刻印象，帮助他在所有候选人中脱颖而出。 【详解】考查名词。所有格 man's 后接名词作主语，capable 的名词形式为 capability，意为“能力，才能”。 55. （2025·乌鲁木齐一模）The police conducted a ________ (thorough) investigation into the case, leaving no stone unturned in their search for the truth. 【答案】thorough 【翻译】警方对此案进行了彻底的调查，在寻找真相的过程中不放过任何蛛丝马迹。 【详解】考查形容词。修饰名词 investigation 应用形容词，thorough 本身即为形容词，意为“彻底的，全面的”。 56. （2025·银川一模）It is natural for parents to feel ________ (protect) towards their children, but too much protection may hinder their development of independence. 【答案】protective 【翻译】父母对孩子产生保护欲是很自然的，但过多的保护可能会阻碍他们独立性的发展。 【详解】考查形容词。feel 为系动词，后接形容词作表语。protect 的形容词形式为 protective，意为“保护欲强的，关切的”。 57. （2025·西宁一模）The explosion in the chemical plant was so ________ (disaster) that it affected the lives of thousands of people in the surrounding area. 【答案】disastrous 【翻译】化工厂的爆炸灾难性极强，以至于影响了周围地区数千人的生活。 【详解】考查形容词。so 后接形容词作表语，disaster 的形容词形式为 disastrous，意为“灾难性的，极糟糕的”。 58. （2025·兰州一模）Being ________ (mental) strong is not about never falling down; it is about getting back up every time you do. 【答案】mentally 【翻译】内心强大不是从不摔倒，而是每次摔倒后都能重新站起来。 【详解】考查副词。修饰形容词 strong 应用副词，mental 的副词形式为 mentally，意为“精神上，思想上”。 59. （2025·呼和浩特一模）The ________ (exist) of the rare species is under threat as its natural habitat continues to shrink due to deforestation. 【答案】existence 【翻译】由于森林砍伐导致其自然栖息地持续缩小，这种稀有物种的生存正受到威胁。 【详解】考查名词。The 后接名词作主语，exist 的名词形式为 existence，意为“存在，生存”。 60. （2025·拉萨一模）She made a ________ (compare) between the two novels, pointing out that while both explore the theme of youth, their approaches are fundamentally different. 【答案】comparison 【翻译】她对两部小说进行了比较，指出虽然两部作品都探讨青春这一主题，但它们的方式却有根本的不同。 【详解】考查名词。不定冠词 a 后接名词作宾语，compare 的名词形式为 comparison，意为“比较，对比”。make a comparison between...and... 意为“对……和……进行比较”。 三：课内句式填空训练 1. I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.(What引导的宾语从句) 我迫不及待地要向你们描述一下高中生活是什么样子的。 2. To fully realize your potential,it is important for you to make the most of our school resources.(It作形式主语) 为了充分发挥你们的潜能,充分利用我们学校的资源是很重要的。 3.Of equal importance are good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude.(“介词短语+系动词+主语”引起的完全倒装) 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。 4.You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends,shooting up in height or getting left far behind.(现在分词短语作伴随状语) 你可能会因为与你的朋友们成长速度不同而感到焦虑,你会快速长高或被远远甩在后面。 5.I wish they could be more flexible so that I can make my own choices about what to do in my spare time.(wish引导的虚拟语气) 我希望他们能更加灵活,以便我能对我空闲时间做的事做出我自己的选择。 6.Through this kind of healthy discussion,you will learn when to back down and when to ask your parents to relax their control.(“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构) 7.Whether we’re walking to school,doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend,we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.(“whether...or...”结构)  无论我们是步行去学校,做作业,还是只是在周末闲逛,我们几乎不离开彼此的视线。 当我们走在“人生的道路”上时,我们有时可能希望独自思考,因为安静的反思期可以带来个人的进步。 8.Here,friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved!(and连接的并列句) 在这里,友谊有双重优势——幸福有更大的意义,分担的烦恼减半! 9.She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.(that引导宾语从句;it作形式主语) 她指出,健康均衡的饮食是很重要的,因为青少年处于生长发育时期,他们的身体需要很多营养才能良好地运转。 10.Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too,even though weekends are probably the time when you feel like a lie-in.(even though引导的让步状语从句) 尽量在周末也坚持(规律的)睡眠作息,即便你想要在周末睡懒觉。 $