暑假作业06 形容词、副词的用法和原级比较（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材外研版

**基本信息** 以“概念-规则-应用”逻辑构建形容词、副词及原级比较知识体系，通过口诀、转换规则等方法提炼实现专项突破，提升语言运用与思维分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识点讲解|/|形容词位置三规则、副词分类及位置口诀、转换“4+1”规则、原级比较“as...as”结构|从作用→位置→转换→比较，层层递进| |练习题|单项选择20题、完成句子10题等|结合“修饰对象区分法”“不定代词后形容词”等考点|以题载法，覆盖中考高频易错点|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业06 形容词、副词的用法和原级比较 一、形容词（adj.） 1. 形容词的作用 用来修饰名词、代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、特征、大小、颜色、好坏等。 2. 形容词在句中的位置 （1）放在名词前（最常见） · a beautiful girl · an interesting book · tall trees （2）放在系动词后（作表语） 常见系动词： be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, become, get, turn, seem · You are clever. · It sounds good. · The food tastes delicious. · She looks happy. （3）放在不定代词后something, anything, nothing, everything 等 · something important · nothing difficult · anything interesting 3. 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 口诀：限观形龄色国材 · 限定词（the, my, this…） · 外观（beautiful, nice…） · 形状（big, small, long…） · 年龄/新旧（old, new, young…） · 颜色（red, black…） · 国家/产地（Chinese, American…） · 材料（wooden, silk…） 例：a beautiful little white Chinese cat 二、副词（adv.）详细用法 1. 副词的作用 用来修饰： · 动词 · 形容词 · 其他副词 · 整个句子 2. 副词的分类 1. 时间副词：now, then, today, early, late… 2. 地点副词：here, there, home, upstairs… 3. 方式副词：quickly, slowly, well, hard… 4. 程度副词：very, quite, too, so, much… 5. 频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never… 6. 疑问副词：when, where, why, how… 3. 副词在句中的位置 （1）修饰动词：动词前后均可 · He runs fast. · She carefully wrote the letter. （2）修饰形容词/副词：放在前面 · very good · quite beautiful · too slowly （3）频率副词位置：be动词后，实义动词前 · She is always late. · He often goes to school early. （4）地点/时间副词常放句末 · I go there every day. · He is playing outside now. 三、形容词 ↔ 副词 转换规则 1. 一般：形容词 + ly → 副词 quick → quickly slow → slowly careful → carefully 2. 以 le 结尾：去 e + y simple → simply terrible → terribly 3. 以 辅音 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i + ly happy → happily easy → easily 4. 特殊不变形 fast → fast hard → hard late → late early → early 5. 易错： good（形）→ well（副） real → really true → truly 四、原级比较（详细用法） 1. 肯定：as + 形容词/副词原级 + as 表示：和……一样…… · He is as tall as his father. · She runs as fast as her brother. 2. 否定：not as/so + 原级 + as表示：不如……，比不上…… · This book is not as interesting as that one. · He doesn’t study so hard as his sister. 3. 原级的常见搭配 very / too / so / quite / rather + 原级 · very good · too fast · so beautiful 五、形容词 vs 副词 一句话区分 修饰名词 → 形容词 修饰动词/形容词/句子 → 副词 例： He is slow.（形，修饰he） He walks slowly.（副，修饰walks） 一、单项选择 1．I need _______ my running skills, and I don’t even feel _______ at all after a long run. A．to work on; tiring B．working on; tired C．working on; tiring D．to work on; tired 2．This pair of shoes looks ________, and ________ my trousers. May I________? A．well; match; try it on B．good; matches; try it on C．nice; matches; try them on D．good; match; try on them 3．I find listening to ancient poems ________, and I always feel ________. A．relaxing; relaxed B．relaxed; relaxing C．relax; relaxed D．relaxing; relax 4．The pizza smells so ________. We are all looking ________ at it. A．nicely; happily B．nice; happy C．nicely; happy D．nice; happily 5．The ________ boy from Beijing won the first prize in the chess competition. A．11 years old B．11-year-old C．11-years-old D．11 year old 6．We should keep ________ in the reading room. A．quiet B．quietly C．noisy D．noisily 7．— Are there ________ in the office for the teachers? — Yes, it is ________. A．enough seats; enough big B．seats enough; enough big C．seats enough; big enough D．enough seats; big enough 8．I advise you not to show ________ on WeChat because it may cause trouble. A．anything personal B．personal anything C．something personal D．personal something 9．—Would you like ________ to eat? —I don’t want to eat ________. A．something special; anything B．anything special; anything C．special anything; something D．special something; something 10．—Is your sister ill? —Don’t worry. It’s _______, only a little cold. A．serious anything B．nothing serious C．serious nothing D．anything serious 11．This box is not ________ for all these books. A．enough small B．small enough C．enough big D．big enough 12．The road should be wider. It is ________for two cars to go through at the same time. A．too wide B．not wide enough C．not too wide D．wide enough 13．Sally is only 110 cm. She isn’t _________ to reach the toy on the shelf. A．tall enough B．short enough C．too tall D．too short 14．—How can we get to the island? —We have to go ________ the river by boat, but the boat is not ________ for ten people. A．through; enough wide B．across; enough wide C．across; wide enough D．through; wide enough 15．—Could you please buy an MP4 like this, uncle? —Sure. I’ll buy ________ one than this, but ________ this one. A．a cheaper; as nice as B．a better; better than C．a worse; as nice as D．a more expensive; worse than 16．Our neighbor has ________ ours. A．as a big house as B．a house as big as C．the same big house as D．a house the same big as 17．Is this dish as ________ as the one we had yesterday? A．delicious B．deliciously C．more delicious D．more deliciously 18．The Chinese girl can speak good English ________. Her English is ________ that of Lucy. A．as well; as well B．as well; as good as C．too; as good D．as well as; as well as 19．—Do you feel sorry for paying 5,000 yuan for the dog? —No, I would gladly have paid _________ for him. A．as much twice B．twice as many C．twice as much D．twice so much 20．— I think English is ________ maths. — I agree. They are both important. A．as useful as B．not difficult as C．useful than D．easier than 二、完成句子 1．这座博物馆和那座一样有趣。 This museum is ________ ________ ________ that one. 2．在南希的学校，艺术和语言、数学、科学一样重要。 The arts are ________ important ________ languages, maths and science in Nancy’s school. 3．我不如你性格外向。 I’m ________ ________ outgoing ________ you. 4．我和你一样努力，但是你读书比我多。 I’m ________ ________ ________ you, but you read ________ ________ me. 5．明天就是我们的国庆节了。咱们来办点特别的事吧。 Tomorrow is our National Day. Let’s do ________ ________. 6．你想方设法做不同的事情的时候，你通常感觉如何？ How do you usually feel when you ________ ________ do ________ ________? 7．我爸爸在我生日时给我买了一些特别的东西。 My father bought ________ ________ for me on my birthday. 8．今天的报纸上没有什么特别的。 There ________ ________ ________ in today’s newspaper. 9．任何小事情都值得做好，因为即使最小的行为也可能产生很大的影响。 ________ ________ is worth doing well because even the smallest act can make a big difference. 10．多变的天气常常让人们猝不及防。 The ________ weather always catches people unprepared. 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 A lively green forest in the middle of a rocky wasteland! This is not fantasy. Abdul Kareem created it 1 his own hands. Kareem’s 30-acre forest is in Kasaragod District, Kerala. It is 2 to 1,500 plants, 2,000 kinds of trees, birds, animals and insects. Scientist Ms. Swaminathan called the forest a “wonderful 3 of harmony (和谐) with nature.” So, how did Kareem change a wasteland into a 4 ? Let us go back 48 years, to 1977, when Kareem bought a five-acre rocky wasteland. Kareem was an airline ticketing agent (代理) with strong 5 for the woods. He never went to college, but he knew much about plants and trees. Kareem dug a huge well (水井) in the rocky, 6 land. In the beginning, people thought he was unwise to waste his time and money on wasteland. But Kareem has “ 7 fingers”. Today, the “wasteland” is the perfect place for nature-lovers—from students to scientists. People highly 8 his work. He just let his forest grow 9 . He believed in the ability of nature without the interference (干预) of humans. That’s why he does not allow fallen leaves or sticks from the forest to be removed. “If trees, animals and birds 10 , only then humans have a future,” Kareem said in an interview. 1．A．by B．for C．with D．above 2．A．hope B．home C．hotel D．house 3．A．story B．shape C．example D．plain 4．A．tree B．rock C．plain D．forest 5．A．love B．rules C．plans D．advice 6．A．dry B．fresh C．wet D．rich 7．A．red B．green C．black D．yellow 8．A．create B．check C．respect D．remember 9．A．clearly B．carefully C．naturally D．luckily 10．A．form B．smile C．breathe D．survive 二、选词填空 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给动词中选择意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或情态动词）。 write  put  have  pick  lie  do  clean  feel  think  see  run When Sally was a child, she went to the city park with her mom on a sunny morning. It was her first time there, but Sally 1 very unhappy. Her mom saw that and asked why. Sally told her mother that she was so sorry 2 so much rubbish (垃圾) on the ground. Her mom looked around. There were pieces of paper, boxes, glass bottles and a lot of other rubbish everywhere. “What can we do?” asked Sally sadly. “I’m sure you 3 of something to keep the park clean,” said her mom. As soon as Sally got home with her mom, she painted a picture of the park and 4 a sign (标牌) in large black letters at the top of the picture. The sign said, “PLEASE KEEP OUR PARK CLEAN”. Later, she took plenty of bags and went back to the park with her mom. Sally put up her picture on a big rubbish box. The children at the park 5 over to see what was going on. Sally handed each of them a bag. “Let’s 6 up this place,” said Sally. Then the kids began 7 up the rubbish, talking and laughing. Soon, all the bags were full. Then Sally’s mom led them 8 the rubbish into different kinds of rubbish boxes. When they looked at the clean park, the kids all 9 a strong feeling of satisfaction (满足). Now, Sally keeps 10 the cleaning and sorting (分类) rubbish. More and more people joined her to play a part in environment protection. 三、阅读理解 A Water is important. To help protect water, our school will have an activity to clean up the riverbank (河岸). Everyone is welcome to join in!Time: 9:30 am-11:30 am on April 11th. Place: By the Guohe River. Things to do: ☆Collect litter along the river. ☆Learn how to sort (分类) waste. ☆Put up signs to ask people to save water. * Please get to school on time. The school bus will start off at 9:00 am from our school. * We will provide each student with a pair of gloves (手套), a rubbish bag and a bottle of water. Let’s work together to keep our water clean! See you there! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How long will the activity last? A．One hour. B．One and a half hours. C．Two hours. D．Two and a half hours. 2．How many things will the participants (参与者) of the activity do? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．How will the participants of the activity go to the Guohe River? A．By car. B．By bus. C．By bike. D．By underground. 4．Wang Hong plans to take part in the activity. What will the school provide for her? A． B． C． D． 5．Who is the text for? A．Teachers. B．Parents. C．Students. D．Cleaners. B How much do your parents spend on water and electricity (电)? Did you do these? Little Actions Work □Take a long time to shower. □Leave the water running while brushing your teeth or washing your face. □Use ACs (空调) for a long time in summer. □Leave the lights and TVs on. “1=always, 2=usually, 3=often, 4=sometimes, 5=seldom, 6=never” I am going to … 1. ______ 2. ______ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What is the name of the day celebrated on June 5th? A．World Water Day. B．World Earth Day. C．World Environment Day. D．World Forest Day. 2．In which month do people spend the most money on water? A．August. B．July. C．June. D．May. 3．What’s the total (总共的) cost of water and electricity in May? A．270 yuan. B．290 yuan. C．310 yuan. D．330 yuan. 4．If you “never” leave the lights on, what number will you choose? A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6 5．Who is the text written for? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Workers. Butterflies are among the most beautiful insects on the earth. Their colorful wings, flying from one flower to another, bring fun to people of all ages. However, they are in big trouble now. Since 2000 the number of butterflies goes down all the time. Collin Edwards, who works at the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, does a study on this worrying situation (状况). Volunteers play an important role in understanding the situation. They love butterflies and help monitor them. Monitoring here means carefully watching and taking notes of their numbers, living places, and behaviors. This helps scientists like Edwards find out what’s going on. Three main things let the number of butterflies go down. First, because cities grow and people cut down forests, butterflies’ homes are destroyed. Second, pesticides (杀虫剂) are a big problem. People use pesticides to kill bad insects, but they are also bad for butterflies and other helpful insects. Third, weather change is making things worse. The Earth is getting warmer. This changes the places where butterflies can live. Some of the plants might die because of the warmer weather. There is something we can do to protect the butterflies. A simple way is to grow flowers. They are good for butterflies in our gardens. These flowers not only give butterflies food but also give them a safe place. We can also tell people to use fewer pesticides and protect butterflies’ living places. By doing these things, we can help save the butterflies. 1．Which picture best shows the change in butterfly number since 2000? A． B． C． D． 2．Why do volunteers monitor butterflies? A．To sell butterflies to scientists. B．To train butterflies to live in cities. C．To catch and collect butterflies for research. D．To record their numbers, living places, and behaviors. 3．Who does the study on the butterfly situation? A．A volunteer from the Washington Department. B．Collin Edwards. C．A group of butterfly lovers. D．The government. 4．Which of the following is NOT a reason for why the number of butterflies goes down? A．Cities grow and forests are cut down. B．Pesticides kill harmful and helpful insects. C．People grow more flowers in gardens. D．The Earth gets warmer and some plants die. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Butterflies are the most beautiful insects. B．The number of butterflies is going down for some reasons and how to help. C．Volunteers help scientists study butterflies. D．Pesticides are bad for all insects. The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) in China was once one of the most environmentally damaged (环境受损的) places in the world. A plateau is a high, flat area. This area is larger than France and home to over 100 million people. In the past, people farmed, let animals eat grass, and cut down trees. These activities made it hard to grow crops there. Now, a new study shows that a project called Grain for Green (退耕还林) has helped fix (解决) the problem. The project began in 1999. Grain for Green did several things. It stopped people from cutting down trees and letting animals eat too much grass. It also provided farmers with money to plant trees and grass. By 2016, about 30,000 square kilometers of land were turned into forests and grasslands. And the amount of plant life grew by 25%. As a result, animals and birds started to come back. “When the environment got better, many birds returned,” said Yan Rufeng, an expert on the environment. Not all local people wanted to make the changes, but the project worked well. The land is now the lively home for plants and animals. It teaches the world a lesson: damaged ecosystems (生态系统) can be brought back to life. This success has made local people’s lives better. It also sets the world a good example of how to fix the damaged environment. 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业06 形容词、副词的用法和原级比较 一、形容词（adj.） 1. 形容词的作用 用来修饰名词、代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、特征、大小、颜色、好坏等。 2. 形容词在句中的位置 （1）放在名词前（最常见） · a beautiful girl · an interesting book · tall trees （2）放在系动词后（作表语） 常见系动词： be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, become, get, turn, seem · You are clever. · It sounds good. · The food tastes delicious. · She looks happy. （3）放在不定代词后something, anything, nothing, everything 等 · something important · nothing difficult · anything interesting 3. 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 口诀：限观形龄色国材 · 限定词（the, my, this…） · 外观（beautiful, nice…） · 形状（big, small, long…） · 年龄/新旧（old, new, young…） · 颜色（red, black…） · 国家/产地（Chinese, American…） · 材料（wooden, silk…） 例：a beautiful little white Chinese cat 二、副词（adv.）详细用法 1. 副词的作用 用来修饰： · 动词 · 形容词 · 其他副词 · 整个句子 2. 副词的分类 1. 时间副词：now, then, today, early, late… 2. 地点副词：here, there, home, upstairs… 3. 方式副词：quickly, slowly, well, hard… 4. 程度副词：very, quite, too, so, much… 5. 频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never… 6. 疑问副词：when, where, why, how… 3. 副词在句中的位置 （1）修饰动词：动词前后均可 · He runs fast. · She carefully wrote the letter. （2）修饰形容词/副词：放在前面 · very good · quite beautiful · too slowly （3）频率副词位置：be动词后，实义动词前 · She is always late. · He often goes to school early. （4）地点/时间副词常放句末 · I go there every day. · He is playing outside now. 三、形容词 ↔ 副词 转换规则 1. 一般：形容词 + ly → 副词 quick → quickly slow → slowly careful → carefully 2. 以 le 结尾：去 e + y simple → simply terrible → terribly 3. 以 辅音 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i + ly happy → happily easy → easily 4. 特殊不变形 fast → fast hard → hard late → late early → early 5. 易错： good（形）→ well（副） real → really true → truly 四、原级比较（详细用法） 1. 肯定：as + 形容词/副词原级 + as 表示：和……一样…… · He is as tall as his father. · She runs as fast as her brother. 2. 否定：not as/so + 原级 + as表示：不如……，比不上…… · This book is not as interesting as that one. · He doesn’t study so hard as his sister. 3. 原级的常见搭配 very / too / so / quite / rather + 原级 · very good · too fast · so beautiful 五、形容词 vs 副词 一句话区分 修饰名词 → 形容词 修饰动词/形容词/句子 → 副词 例： He is slow.（形，修饰he） He walks slowly.（副，修饰walks） 一、单项选择 1．I need _______ my running skills, and I don’t even feel _______ at all after a long run. A．to work on; tiring B．working on; tired C．working on; tiring D．to work on; tired 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我需要提高跑步技巧，而且长跑之后我一点也不觉得累。 need to do sth.固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”，第一空用to work on；根据“and I don’t even feel…at all after a long run.”可知，tired修饰人，表示“感到疲惫的”；tiring修饰事物，表示“令人疲惫的”。主语“I”是人，第二空用tired。 2．This pair of shoes looks ________, and ________ my trousers. May I________? A．well; match; try it on B．good; matches; try it on C．nice; matches; try them on D．good; match; try on them 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这双鞋看起来很好看，并且搭配我的裤子。我可以试穿它们吗？ 第一空looks为系动词，后接形容词作表语，well通常作副词，作形容词只表示“身体好”，排除； good/nice都是形容词，都可以填；第二空主语This pair of shoes中心词是pair，表单数，谓语动词应用三单形式matches；第三空try on接代词作宾语时，代词需置于中间，且指代shoes应用复数代词them。应选nice; matches; try them on。 3．I find listening to ancient poems ________, and I always feel ________. A．relaxing; relaxed B．relaxed; relaxing C．relax; relaxed D．relaxing; relax 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我发现听古诗这件事很令人放松，并且我自己总觉得身心舒适。 relaxing是修饰事物的形容词，指某件事能带来放松感，这里用来描述“听古诗”这件事的特质，所以第一个空用relaxing；relaxed是修饰人的感受的形容词，指人处于放松的状态，对应主语I的感受，所以第二个空用relaxed，因此选A。 4．The pizza smells so ________. We are all looking ________ at it. A．nicely; happily B．nice; happy C．nicely; happy D．nice; happily 【答案】D 【详解】句意：披萨闻起来很美味。我们都高兴地看着它。 nicely漂亮地（副词）；happily高兴地（副词）；nice美味的（形容词）；happy高兴的（形容词）。第一空smells为系动词，后接形容词nice作表语；第二空修饰动词looking，应用副词happily。 5．The ________ boy from Beijing won the first prize in the chess competition. A．11 years old B．11-year-old C．11-years-old D．11 year old 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在棋类比赛中，那个来自北京的十一岁男孩赢得了一等奖。   11 years old十一岁，通常用作表语，描述某人的年龄，它不适合直接修饰名词；11-year-old十一岁的，复合形容词，由“数词 + 名词（单数） + 形容词”构成，用于修饰名词。在这个句子中，空处修饰“boy”，表示“十一岁的男孩”。应填11-year-old。 6．We should keep ________ in the reading room. A．quiet B．quietly C．noisy D．noisily 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们在阅览室应该保持安静。 quiet安静的（形容词）；quietly安静地（副词）；noisy吵闹的（形容词）；noisily吵闹地（副词）。keep为系动词，后接形容词作表语，根据“in the reading room”可知，应保持安静，quiet符合语境。 7．— Are there ________ in the office for the teachers? — Yes, it is ________. A．enough seats; enough big B．seats enough; enough big C．seats enough; big enough D．enough seats; big enough 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——办公室里有足够的座位给老师们吗？——是的，它足够大。 enough seats足够的座位；big enough足够大。enough修饰名词时置于名词之前，即“enough+名词”，故第一空用 enough seats，排除 B、C；enough修饰形容词或副词时置于其后，即“形容词/副词+enough”，故第二空用 big enough，排除 A，应填enough seats；big enough。 8．I advise you not to show ________ on WeChat because it may cause trouble. A．anything personal B．personal anything C．something personal D．personal something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我建议你不要在微信上显示任何个人信息，因为这可能会造成麻烦。 考查形容词的位置及不定代词的用法。根据“I advise you not to show…on WeChat because it may cause trouble.”可知，此处指“不要展示个人信息”，是否定句，something“某事”，常用于肯定句；anything“任何事”，常用于否定句和疑问句，所以应用anything；personal“个人的”，形容词。形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置，故选A。 9．—Would you like ________ to eat? —I don’t want to eat ________. A．something special; anything B．anything special; anything C．special anything; something D．special something; something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你想吃点特别的东西吗？——我什么都不想吃。 考查代词辨析和形容词的位置。 something某物，常用于肯定句，也可用于期待肯定回答的疑问句中；anything任何东西，常用于否定句或疑问句；special特别的，形容词。第一空为疑问句，且说话者期待肯定的回答，用something，形容词修饰不定代词时，必须后置；第二空为否定句，填anything，表示不想吃“任何东西”。故选A。 10．—Is your sister ill? —Don’t worry. It’s _______, only a little cold. A．serious anything B．nothing serious C．serious nothing D．anything serious 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的妹妹生病了吗？——不用担心。不严重，只是有一点感冒。 考查代词辨析和定语后置。nothing什么都没有；anything任何事；serious严重的，形容词。根据语境，此处表示不严重，只是有一点感冒，nothing符合语境；形容词修饰不定代词，置于代词之后。故选B。 11．This box is not ________ for all these books. A．enough small B．small enough C．enough big D．big enough 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个盒子不够大，装不下所有这些书。 enough small错误语序 (形容词应放在enough前面)；small enough足够小；enough big错误语序；big enough足够大。固定结构“形容词 + enough”意为“足够……”，根据“not...for all these books”可知不够大，应填“big enough”。 12．The road should be wider. It is ________for two cars to go through at the same time. A．too wide B．not wide enough C．not too wide D．wide enough 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这条路应该更宽些。它不够宽，无法让两辆车同时通过。 too wide太宽；not wide enough不够宽；not too wide不太宽；wide enough足够宽。根据前句“The road should be wider.”可知，这条路目前不够宽，无法满足两辆车同时通行的需求，应填not wide enough。 13．Sally is only 110 cm. She isn’t _________ to reach the toy on the shelf. A．tall enough B．short enough C．too tall D．too short 【答案】A 【详解】句意：萨莉身高只有110厘米。她不够高，够不到架子上的玩具。 tall enough足够高；short enough足够矮；too tall太高；too short太矮。根据前句“only 110 cm”和“reach the toy on the shelf”可知，此处表示身高不够高，应填tall enough。 14．—How can we get to the island? —We have to go ________ the river by boat, but the boat is not ________ for ten people. A．through; enough wide B．across; enough wide C．across; wide enough D．through; wide enough 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们怎么去那个岛？——我们必须乘船渡过这条河，但这艘船不够宽，容不下十个人。 through; enough wide穿过；足够宽（语序错误）；across; enough wide横渡；足够宽（语序错误）；across; wide enough横渡；足够宽；through; wide enough穿过；足够宽。across表示 “从物体表面穿过 / 越过”，过河是从河面上方通过，用go across the river；through表示 “从物体内部穿过”，不符合语境。enough修饰形容词时需后置，wide enough是正确语序，故填across；wide enough。 15．—Could you please buy an MP4 like this, uncle? —Sure. I’ll buy ________ one than this, but ________ this one. A．a cheaper; as nice as B．a better; better than C．a worse; as nice as D．a more expensive; worse than 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——叔叔，你能买一个像这样的MP4吗？——当然。我会买一个比这个更便宜的，但和这个一样好。 a cheaper; as nice as一个更便宜的；和……一样好；a better; better than一个更好的；比……好；a worse; as nice as一个更差的；和……一样好；a more expensive; worse than一个更贵的；比……差。根据句意可知，叔叔想买更便宜但质量相当的产品，故选A。 16．Our neighbor has ________ ours. A．as a big house as B．a house as big as C．the same big house as D．a house the same big as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的邻居有一所和我们的一样大的房子。 as...as 表示“和……一样”，为同级比较，当表示单数可数名词相比较时，正确结构为“ a/an + 名词+as + 形容词 + as”，只有B选项符合该语法结构。 17．Is this dish as ________ as the one we had yesterday? A．delicious B．deliciously C．more delicious D．more deliciously 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这道菜和我们昨天吃的那道一样美味吗？ “as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“和……一样”，中间必须用原形，be动词is后接形容词作表语。应填delicious。 18．The Chinese girl can speak good English ________. Her English is ________ that of Lucy. A．as well; as well B．as well; as good as C．too; as good D．as well as; as well as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个中国女孩也能说一口流利的英语。她的英语和露西的一样好。 as well也；as good as和……一样好；too太；也；as well as以及，既……又……，除……之外。第一空，位于句末表示“也”，应用as well或too；第二空，位于系动词is之后，需用形容词good构成原级比较结构as good as，而as well和well是副词，排除选项A、D；选项C中第二空结构不完整，只有选项B符合语境。 19．—Do you feel sorry for paying 5,000 yuan for the dog? —No, I would gladly have paid _________ for him. A．as much twice B．twice as many C．twice as much D．twice so much 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你后悔花5000元买这只狗吗？——不，我很乐意付钱。为他付双倍的钱我也愿意。 as much twice倍数表达顺序错误，倍数词应放在“as…as”结构之前，排除；twice as many两倍多，many用于修饰可数名词复数，此处指代“钱”，为不可数名词，排除；twice as much两倍多，much修饰不可数名词，此处指代“钱”，结构正确，符合语境；twice so much两倍多，“so much”通常用于否定句或“not so...as”结构中，肯定句中使用不当，排除。根据倍数表达规则和“钱为不可数名词”的用法，应填twice as much。 20．— I think English is ________ maths. — I agree. They are both important. A．as useful as B．not difficult as C．useful than D．easier than 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我认为英语和数学一样有用。——我同意。它们都很重要。 as useful as和……一样有用；not difficult as错误结构；useful than错误结构；easier than比……更容易。根据答句“They are both important”可知，前句强调英语和数学的“重要性相同”，应使用“as...as”结构，应填as useful as。 二、完成句子 1．这座博物馆和那座一样有趣。 This museum is ________ ________ ________ that one. 【答案】 as interesting as 【详解】原句“和……一样……”是关键词，用固定结构“as+形容词原级+as”表示；原句“有趣”是形容词interesting。 2．在南希的学校，艺术和语言、数学、科学一样重要。 The arts are ________ important ________ languages, maths and science in Nancy’s school. 【答案】 as as 【详解】原句中“和……一样重要”是关键词，表示“和……一样重要”的短语是as important as。本句为原级比较结构。故填as；as。 3．我不如你性格外向。 I’m ________ ________ outgoing ________ you. 【答案】 not as/so as 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，此处缺“不如……（那样）”。“不如某人……”对应的英语固定结构是“not as/so…as sb.”，用来表示两者在某方面的程度差异，符合句子语义。故填not；as/so；as。   4．我和你一样努力，但是你读书比我多。 I’m ________ ________ ________ you, but you read ________ ________ me. 【答案】 as hard-working as more than 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“和……一样努力”，和“比……多”as…as…表示“和……一样……”，中间是形容词或副词原级；hard-working“努力的”；more…than…表示“比……多”。故填as；hard-working；as；more；than。 5．明天就是我们的国庆节了。咱们来办点特别的事吧。 Tomorrow is our National Day. Let’s do ________ ________. 【答案】 something special 【详解】原句中“特别的事”是关键词，在英语中表示“某事”用不定代词something，形容词修饰不定代词时需后置，因此“特别的事”对应表达为something special。本句为祈使句，Let’s后接动词原形，故填something；special。 6．你想方设法做不同的事情的时候，你通常感觉如何？ How do you usually feel when you ________ ________ do ________ ________? 【答案】 manage to something different 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“想方设法”和“不同的事情”的英文表达。“想方设法做某事”对应固定搭配manage to do sth.，句子时态为一般现在时，主语是you，所以动词用原形manage，后接不定式符号to。“不同的事情”对应something different，形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，所以用不定代词something加上形容词different。故填manage；to；something；different。 7．我爸爸在我生日时给我买了一些特别的东西。 My father bought ________ ________ for me on my birthday. 【答案】 something special 【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“一些特别的东西”，something表示“一些东西”，special表示“特别的”，形容词，修饰复合不定代词要后置。故填something；special。 8．今天的报纸上没有什么特别的。 There ________ ________ ________ in today’s newspaper. 【答案】 is nothing special 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“没有什么特别的”。其英文分别为“nothing”和“special”。此外，形容词在修饰复合不定代词的时候，要后置。本句为there be句型，nothing为单数，be动词用is。故填is；nothing；special。 9．任何小事情都值得做好，因为即使最小的行为也可能产生很大的影响。 ________ ________ is worth doing well because even the smallest act can make a big difference. 【答案】 Anything small 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺“任何小事情”。anything“任何事”，复合不定代词；small“小的”，形容词，且修饰复合不定代词时形容词需后置，且句首首字母大写。故填Anything；small。 10．多变的天气常常让人们猝不及防。 The ________ weather always catches people unprepared. 【答案】changeable 【详解】原句中“多变的”是关键词，表示“多变的”的形容词是changeable，形容词作定语来修饰weather。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 A lively green forest in the middle of a rocky wasteland! This is not fantasy. Abdul Kareem created it 1 his own hands. Kareem’s 30-acre forest is in Kasaragod District, Kerala. It is 2 to 1,500 plants, 2,000 kinds of trees, birds, animals and insects. Scientist Ms. Swaminathan called the forest a “wonderful 3 of harmony (和谐) with nature.” So, how did Kareem change a wasteland into a 4 ? Let us go back 48 years, to 1977, when Kareem bought a five-acre rocky wasteland. Kareem was an airline ticketing agent (代理) with strong 5 for the woods. He never went to college, but he knew much about plants and trees. Kareem dug a huge well (水井) in the rocky, 6 land. In the beginning, people thought he was unwise to waste his time and money on wasteland. But Kareem has “ 7 fingers”. Today, the “wasteland” is the perfect place for nature-lovers—from students to scientists. People highly 8 his work. He just let his forest grow 9 . He believed in the ability of nature without the interference (干预) of humans. That’s why he does not allow fallen leaves or sticks from the forest to be removed. “If trees, animals and birds 10 , only then humans have a future,” Kareem said in an interview. 1．A．by B．for C．with D．above 2．A．hope B．home C．hotel D．house 3．A．story B．shape C．example D．plain 4．A．tree B．rock C．plain D．forest 5．A．love B．rules C．plans D．advice 6．A．dry B．fresh C．wet D．rich 7．A．red B．green C．black D．yellow 8．A．create B．check C．respect D．remember 9．A．clearly B．carefully C．naturally D．luckily 10．A．form B．smile C．breathe D．survive 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述Abdul Kareem凭借双手与热爱，历经多年将岩石荒地改造成生机勃勃的森林，体现了人与自然和谐共处的理念。 【详解】 1．句意：Abdul Kareem用他自己的双手创造了它。 “... his own hands”表示“用自己的双手”，表示使用某种工具或手段，应用介词with。by“通过”、for“为了”、above“在……上面”均不符合此搭配。 2．句意：它是1500种植物、2000种树木、鸟类、动物和昆虫的家园。 “... to 1,500 plants, 2,000 kinds of trees, birds, animals and insects.”表明森林是动植物的家园，固定搭配be home to“是……的家园”符合语境。hope“希望”、hotel“酒店”、house“房屋”均不符合语境。 3．句意：科学家Swaminathan女士称这片森林是“与自然和谐相处的绝佳范例”。 根据上下文，此处强调这片森林是人与自然和谐相处的典型例子，应用example。story“故事”、shape“形状”、plain“平原”均不符合。 4．句意：那么，Kareem是如何把一片荒地变成一片森林的呢？ 前文提到他在岩石荒地上打造了一片森林，此处对应问荒地如何变成森林，应用forest。tree“树”、rock“岩石”、plain“平原”均与上文语境不符合。 5．句意：Kareem是一名机票代理，对森林有着强烈的热爱。 后文提到他了解很多植物树木，能改造荒地，说明他对森林有强烈的热爱，应用love。rules“规则”、plans“计划”、advice“建议”均与后文语境不符合。 6．句意：Kareem在这片多石、干燥的土地上挖了一口大水井。 前文提到这片土地是岩石荒地，需要挖井取水，说明原本是干燥的，应用dry。fresh“新鲜的”、wet“潮湿的”、rich“富有的”均与需要挖水井的语境不符合。 7．句意：但Kareem有着出色的园艺技能。 根据上下文，他把荒地变成了森林，说明他是擅长园艺，green fingers是固定搭配，表示“园艺能手，擅长种植”。red“红色的”、black“黑色的”、yellow“黄色的”均不符合此固定表达。 8．句意：人们高度尊重他的工作。 根据上下文，他把荒地改造成森林，是自然爱好者的好去处，因此人们尊重他的工作，应用respect。create“创造”、check“检查”、remember“记得”均与人们对他的积极评价不符合。 9．句意：他只是让他的森林自然生长。 后文提到他相信自然的力量，不干预，不让清理落叶枯枝，说明他让森林自然生长，应用naturally。clearly“清晰地”、carefully“仔细地”、luckily“幸运地”均与后文语境不符合。 10．句意：“如果树木、动物和鸟类能生存，人类才有未来，”Kareem在一次采访中说。 “only then humans have a future”及生态逻辑可知，只有动植物能生存，生态系统才会健康，人类才有未来，应用survive。form“形成”、smile“微笑”、breathe“呼吸”均不符合生态逻辑。 二、选词填空 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给动词中选择意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或情态动词）。 write  put  have  pick  lie  do  clean  feel  think  see  run When Sally was a child, she went to the city park with her mom on a sunny morning. It was her first time there, but Sally 1 very unhappy. Her mom saw that and asked why. Sally told her mother that she was so sorry 2 so much rubbish (垃圾) on the ground. Her mom looked around. There were pieces of paper, boxes, glass bottles and a lot of other rubbish everywhere. “What can we do?” asked Sally sadly. “I’m sure you 3 of something to keep the park clean,” said her mom. As soon as Sally got home with her mom, she painted a picture of the park and 4 a sign (标牌) in large black letters at the top of the picture. The sign said, “PLEASE KEEP OUR PARK CLEAN”. Later, she took plenty of bags and went back to the park with her mom. Sally put up her picture on a big rubbish box. The children at the park 5 over to see what was going on. Sally handed each of them a bag. “Let’s 6 up this place,” said Sally. Then the kids began 7 up the rubbish, talking and laughing. Soon, all the bags were full. Then Sally’s mom led them 8 the rubbish into different kinds of rubbish boxes. When they looked at the clean park, the kids all 9 a strong feeling of satisfaction (满足). Now, Sally keeps 10 the cleaning and sorting (分类) rubbish. More and more people joined her to play a part in environment protection. 【答案】 1．felt 2．to see 3．will think 4．wrote 5．ran 6．clean 7．picking/to pick 8．to put 9．had 10．doing 【导语】本文讲述小时候萨莉和妈妈去公园，因遍地垃圾难过，她制作环保提示牌，邀约小伙伴一起捡拾、分类垃圾。此后她坚持保洁，越来越多人加入她保护环境。 【详解】 1．句意：这是她第一次去那里，但萨莉感到很不开心。此处描述过去的感受，用一般过去时，feel的过去式felt“感觉”符合语境。 2．句意：萨莉告诉妈妈，她很抱歉看到地上有这么多垃圾。“be sorry to do sth.”是固定结构，see“看到”符合“看到垃圾”的语境。 3．句意：“我相信你会想出保持公园清洁的办法，”妈妈说。此处表示对将来的把握，用情态动词will+动词原形，think“想”符合“想出办法”的语境。 4．句意：萨莉一和妈妈回到家，就画了一幅公园的画，并在画的顶部用黑色大字写了一个标牌。此处描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，write的过去式wrote“写”符合“写标牌”的语境。 5．句意：公园里的孩子们跑过来看发生了什么。此处描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，run的过去式ran“跑”符合“跑过来”的语境。。 6．句意：“让我们把这个地方打扫干净吧，”萨莉说。“let’s do sth.”是固定结构，clean“打扫”符合“清洁公园”的语境（clean up“打扫干净”）。 7．句意：然后孩子们开始捡垃圾，有说有笑。“begin doing/to do sth.”是固定结构，pick“捡”符合“捡垃圾”的语境（pick up“捡起”）。 8．句意：然后萨莉的妈妈带领他们把垃圾放进不同种类的垃圾桶里。“lead sb. to do sth.”是固定结构，put“放”符合“放垃圾”的语境。 9．句意：当他们看着干净的公园时，孩子们都有一种强烈的满足感。描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，have的过去式had“有”符合“有满足感”的语境。 10．句意：现在，萨莉继续打扫和分类垃圾。“keep doing sth.”是固定结构，do“做”的动名词doing符合“持续做清洁”的语境。 三、阅读理解 A Water is important. To help protect water, our school will have an activity to clean up the riverbank (河岸). Everyone is welcome to join in!Time: 9:30 am-11:30 am on April 11th. Place: By the Guohe River. Things to do: ☆Collect litter along the river. ☆Learn how to sort (分类) waste. ☆Put up signs to ask people to save water. * Please get to school on time. The school bus will start off at 9:00 am from our school. * We will provide each student with a pair of gloves (手套), a rubbish bag and a bottle of water. Let’s work together to keep our water clean! See you there! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How long will the activity last? A．One hour. B．One and a half hours. C．Two hours. D．Two and a half hours. 2．How many things will the participants (参与者) of the activity do? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．How will the participants of the activity go to the Guohe River? A．By car. B．By bus. C．By bike. D．By underground. 4．Wang Hong plans to take part in the activity. What will the school provide for her? A． B． C． D． 5．Who is the text for? A．Teachers. B．Parents. C．Students. D．Cleaners. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了学校将组织一场清理河岸的环保活动，包括活动的时间、地点、具体任务以及注意事项等。 【详解】 1．根据“Time: 9:30 am-11:30 am on April 11th.”可知，活动从上午9:30开始，到11:30结束，共持续两个小时。 2．根据“Things to do:”部分列出的三项活动“Collect litter along the river.”、“Learn how to sort waste.”以及“Put up signs to ask people to save water.”可知，参与者需要做三件事。 3．根据“The school bus will start off at 9:00 am from our school.”可知，参与者将乘坐校车（巴士）前往目的地。 4．根据“We will provide each student with a pair of gloves, a rubbish bag and a bottle of water.”可知，学校会为每位学生提供一双手套、一个垃圾袋和一瓶水。选项C的图片为一瓶水，符合文意。 5．根据文章中的“our school will have an activity”以及“We will provide each student with...”可知，这是学校发布给学生们的活动通知，号召学生们参加。 B How much do your parents spend on water and electricity (电)? Did you do these? Little Actions Work □Take a long time to shower. □Leave the water running while brushing your teeth or washing your face. □Use ACs (空调) for a long time in summer. □Leave the lights and TVs on. “1=always, 2=usually, 3=often, 4=sometimes, 5=seldom, 6=never” I am going to … 1. ______ 2. ______ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What is the name of the day celebrated on June 5th? A．World Water Day. B．World Earth Day. C．World Environment Day. D．World Forest Day. 2．In which month do people spend the most money on water? A．August. B．July. C．June. D．May. 3．What’s the total (总共的) cost of water and electricity in May? A．270 yuan. B．290 yuan. C．310 yuan. D．330 yuan. 4．If you “never” leave the lights on, what number will you choose? A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6 5．Who is the text written for? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Workers. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过柱状图、表格和环保主题内容，介绍了家庭水电消费情况与环保生活方式，引导学生关注资源节约与环境保护。 【详解】 1．根据图片左上角的“World Environment Day June 5th”标识，可直接得知6月5日是世界环境日，对应选项C。 2．根据柱状图中黑色柱（water）的数据，August（8 月）的用水金额为160元，是全年最高，对应选项A。 3．根据柱状图数据，May（5 月）的用水金额（深色柱）为100元，用电金额（浅色柱）为190元，两者合计为290元，对应选项B。 4．根据表格下方的说明“1=always, 2=usually, 3=often, 4=sometimes, 5=seldom, 6=never”，可知“never”对应的数字为6，对应选项D。 5．根据文章开头的问句“How much do your parents spend on water and electricity?”，以及面向学生设计的环保行动表格，可推断文本的目标读者是儿童或学生，对应选项A。 Butterflies are among the most beautiful insects on the earth. Their colorful wings, flying from one flower to another, bring fun to people of all ages. However, they are in big trouble now. Since 2000 the number of butterflies goes down all the time. Collin Edwards, who works at the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, does a study on this worrying situation (状况). Volunteers play an important role in understanding the situation. They love butterflies and help monitor them. Monitoring here means carefully watching and taking notes of their numbers, living places, and behaviors. This helps scientists like Edwards find out what’s going on. Three main things let the number of butterflies go down. First, because cities grow and people cut down forests, butterflies’ homes are destroyed. Second, pesticides (杀虫剂) are a big problem. People use pesticides to kill bad insects, but they are also bad for butterflies and other helpful insects. Third, weather change is making things worse. The Earth is getting warmer. This changes the places where butterflies can live. Some of the plants might die because of the warmer weather. There is something we can do to protect the butterflies. A simple way is to grow flowers. They are good for butterflies in our gardens. These flowers not only give butterflies food but also give them a safe place. We can also tell people to use fewer pesticides and protect butterflies’ living places. By doing these things, we can help save the butterflies. 1．Which picture best shows the change in butterfly number since 2000? A． B． C． D． 2．Why do volunteers monitor butterflies? A．To sell butterflies to scientists. B．To train butterflies to live in cities. C．To catch and collect butterflies for research. D．To record their numbers, living places, and behaviors. 3．Who does the study on the butterfly situation? A．A volunteer from the Washington Department. B．Collin Edwards. C．A group of butterfly lovers. D．The government. 4．Which of the following is NOT a reason for why the number of butterflies goes down? A．Cities grow and forests are cut down. B．Pesticides kill harmful and helpful insects. C．People grow more flowers in gardens. D．The Earth gets warmer and some plants die. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Butterflies are the most beautiful insects. B．The number of butterflies is going down for some reasons and how to help. C．Volunteers help scientists study butterflies. D．Pesticides are bad for all insects. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蝴蝶数量逐年减少的现状、三大减少原因，并介绍了普通人可以采取的保护方法。 【详解】 1．第一段提到“Since 2000 the number of butterflies goes down all the time.”，蝴蝶数量从2000年后持续下降，折线A项呈下降趋势，符合文意。 2．第二段提到“Monitoring here means carefully watching and taking notes of their numbers, living places, and behaviors.”，志愿者监测是为记录蝴蝶数量、栖息地和习性。 3．第二段提到“Collin Edwards, who works at the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, does a study on this worrying situation.”，是Collin Edwards开展研究。 4．末段提到“A simple way is to grow flowers...give butterflies food but also give them a safe place.”，种花是保护蝴蝶的举措，不会造成数量下降。 5．文章先点明蝴蝶数量逐年减少，中间分析3个锐减原因，最后介绍保护措施，B项精准概括全文。 The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) in China was once one of the most environmentally damaged (环境受损的) places in the world. A plateau is a high, flat area. This area is larger than France and home to over 100 million people. In the past, people farmed, let animals eat grass, and cut down trees. These activities made it hard to grow crops there. Now, a new study shows that a project called Grain for Green (退耕还林) has helped fix (解决) the problem. The project began in 1999. Grain for Green did several things. It stopped people from cutting down trees and letting animals eat too much grass. It also provided farmers with money to plant trees and grass. By 2016, about 30,000 square kilometers of land were turned into forests and grasslands. And the amount of plant life grew by 25%. As a result, animals and birds started to come back. “When the environment got better, many birds returned,” said Yan Rufeng, an expert on the environment. Not all local people wanted to make the changes, but the project worked well. The land is now the lively home for plants and animals. It teaches the world a lesson: damaged ecosystems (生态系统) can be brought back to life. This success has made local people’s lives better. It also sets the world a good example of how to fix the damaged environment. 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 【答案】1．farmed 2．stopped 3．money 4．30,000 5．alive 【导语】本文主要介绍了黄土高原如何通过“退耕还林”项目从严重受损地转变为动植物生机勃勃的家园，并总结了生态修复带来的启示。 1．文章第二段第一句指出人们过去的行为：“In the past, people farmed, let animals eat grass, and cut down trees.”。表格第一列“Problems”旨在罗列导致环境受损的原因，已列出放牧和砍树，故此处填farmed表示“务农/耕作”。注意需用过去式与上下文保持一致。 2．文章第三段第二句提到：“It stopped people from cutting down trees and letting animals eat too much grass.”。表格第二列对应项目的具体做法，“It…people from…”的结构与原文完全匹配，stopped表示“阻止”。 3．文章第三段第三句明确说明项目：“also provided farmers with money to plant trees and grass.”。表格对应位置缺少provide…with…结构中的宾语，即项目为农民提供的资金支持。 4．文章第三段第四句提到：“By 2016, about 30,000 square kilometers of land were turned into forests and grasslands.”。表格“Changes”一栏询问土地转化的具体面积。 5．文章第四段第三句说明“damaged ecosystems (生态系统) can be brought back to life.”，对应表格底部的总结，需填入形容词作表语表示系统可以再次“活过来”，故将名词life转换为形容词alive。 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $