专题11 介词（讲义）-2027年河南省（对口招生考试）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2027年河南省（对口招生）《英语学科一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣教材，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027版河南省（对口招生考试）《英语学科一轮讲练测》的第11个专题，内容为介词。 2027版河南省（对口招生考试） 《一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题11 介词 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 常用介词的用法 即时训练 考点2 介词固定搭配的用法 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 【复习目标】 熟练掌握时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、方式状语从句常用引导词。熟记if/as long as/unless等条件从句、as soon as时间从句用法；掌握主将从现规则，能根据上下文逻辑快速选用合适从属连词。 【考点1 常用介词的用法】 介词 用法/类别 说明 例句(含汉语翻译) at 时间 用于具体时刻、年龄或节假日 1.I get up at half past six every morning. (我每天早上六点半起床。) 2.She met him at the age of 14. (她在14岁时遇到了他。) 地点 用于小地点或具体位置 1.We will meet at the bus stop. (我们将在公共汽车站见面。) 2.He is waiting at the school gate. (他正在学校门口等待。) 其他 常用于固定短语 1.She is at home now. (她现在在家。) 2.Don't talk loudly at table. (吃饭时不要大声说话。) in 时间 用于年份、月份、季节、上午/下午/傍晚 1.I was born in May. (我出生在五月。) 2.We often take a walk in the evening. (我们经常在傍晚散步。) 地点 用于大地方或表示”在……内部” 1.He lives in Zhengzhou. (他住在郑州。) 2.The book is in my bag. (书在我的包里。) on 时间 用于具体的某一天、星期几、某一天的上午/下午/晚 上 1.We have a party on New Year's Day. (我们在元旦那天有一个派对。) 2.He was born on the morning of October 1st. (他出生在十月一日的 早上。) 地点 表示”在……上面”(接触表面)或接壤 1.There is a book on the desk. (桌子上有一本书。) 2.Canada is on the north of the USA. (加拿大在美国的北面。) to 方向/位置 表示“朝向……”;在某地范围之外(不接壤) 1.I go to school by bus. (我乘公共汽车去上学。) 2.Japan lies to the east of China. (日本位于中国的东面。) before 时间/顺序 表示“在……之前” 1.We'll be back before 9:00. (我们将在九点之前回来。) 2.He stood before me. (他站在我面前。) after 时间/顺序 表示”在……之后” 1.Summer comes after spring. (春天之后是夏天。) 2.Please read after me. (请跟我读。) for 时间/原因/目 的 表示”为了…”;后接一段时间 1.I have been here for ten years. (我在这里十年了。) 2.This gift is for you. (这个礼物是给你的。) since 时间 “自从……以来”,后跟时间点 We have lived here since 1996. (我们从1996年起就一直住在这里。) during 时间 “在 …… 期间” We visited many places during the summer vacation. (暑假期间我们参观了许多地方。) over 方位 “在……正上方”(垂直不接触) 1.There is a bridge over the river. (河上有一座桥。) 2.He spread a cloth over the table. (他在桌子上铺了一块布。) under 方位 “在 …… 正下方” They are sitting under a big tree. (他们正坐在一棵大树下。) by 方式 “通过某种方式或手段” 1.I usually go to school by bike. (我通常骑自行车去学校。)2.You can contact me by email. (你可以通过电子邮件联系我。) 地点 “在 …… 旁边” There is a house by the sea. (海边有一栋房子。) with 方式 “用具体的工具或东西” She covered the table with a piece of cloth. (她用一块布盖住桌子。) 伴随 “和 …… 一 起” 1.I went to the park with my parents(我和父母一起去了公园。)2. Please take your umbrella with you.(请带上你的雨伞。） 【即时训练】 1．________ Chinese New Year’s Eve every year, we have a big family dinner. A．On B．In C．During D．Next to 2．Li Ming often goes to the cinema ________ 8 o’clock ________ Sunday evenings. A．at; in B．at; on C．in; in D．in; on 3．My grandparents live ________ 369 Jiefang Road. Their flat is ________ the second floor. A．on; at B．to; at C．in; on D．at; on 4．We can improve our listening skills ________ watching English movies and listening to English songs every day. A．by B．in C．with D．for 5．— Li Ming practiced hardest among us and he won first prize in the competition. — A dream can’t come true ________ hard work. A．by B．across C．over D．without 【考点2 介词固定搭配的用法】 搭配类型 固定搭配 汉语释义 例句(含汉语翻译) 与动词搭配 depend on 依靠；取决于 We should depend on ourselves. (我们应该依靠我们自己。) stand for 代表 The five rings stand for the five continents. (五个环代表五大洲。) apply for 申请 He wants to apply for the job. (他想申请这份工作。) look for 寻找 What are you looking for?(你在找什么?) prepare for 为……做准备 She is preparing for the exam. (她正在为考试做准备。) get along with 与……相处 She gets along well with her classmates. (她和班里的同学相处得很好。) take care of 照顾 She is too young to take care of herself. (她太小了不能照顾自己。) listen to 听 Please listen to the teacher carefully. (请认真听老师讲课。) pay for 支付 I will pay for the meal. (我来付这顿饭的钱。) talk about 谈论 They are talking about a movie. (他们正在谈论一部电影。) 与形容词搭配 be good at 擅长 She is good at playing the piano. (她擅长弹钢琴。) be interested in 对……感兴趣 He is interested in science. (他对科学感兴趣。) be different from 与……不同 The weather in Zhengzhou is different from that in Shanghai. (郑州的天气跟上海的不一样。) be famous for 因……著名 The city is famous for its history. (这座城市因它的历史而闻名。) be proud of 以 …….为豪 We are proud of our motherland. (我们为祖国感到自豪。) be harmful to 对……有害 Eating too much fried food is harmful to your health. (吃太多油炸食品对你的健康有害。) be worried about 为……担心 My parents are worried about my health. (我父母担心我的健康。) be responsible for 对 …….负责 We should be responsible for our future. (我们应该对自己的未来负责。) be afraid of 害怕 Are you afraid of the snake?(你害怕蛇吗?) be covered with 被……覆盖 The ground is covered with snow. (地面被雪覆盖了。) 与名词搭配 by mistake 错误地 I took your book by mistake. (我错拿了你的书。) on time 准时 Please come here on time. (请准时来这里。) in fact 事实上 In fact,he is a good student. (事实上，他是个好学生。) in a hurry 匆忙地 He left the room in a hurry. (他匆忙地离开了房间。) on foot 步行 You should go to school on foot. (你应该走路去学校。) at first 起初 At first,I didn't like him. (起初，我不喜欢他。) in the end 最终 In the end,they found the way. (最终，他们找到了路。) by the way 顺便说一下 By the way,do you know the answer?(顺便问一下，你知道答案吗?) 易混淆辨析 agree with/to/on 同意(人/计划/点) 1 I agree with you. (我同意你。) 2 He agreed to the plan(他同意了这个计划。) 3 They agreed on a date for the meeting(他们就会议日期达成了一致。) die of /from 死于(内因/外因) 1.He died of hunger. (他死于饥饿。) 2.She died from a car accident. (她死于一场车祸。) be famous for/as 因/作为……闻名 1.Paris is famous for its fashion. (巴黎以时尚闻名。) 2.She is famous as a singer. (她作为歌手而闻名。) in no time/at no time 立即/决不 1.He worked out the problem in no time. (他立刻就解决了这个问题。) 2.At no time will I give up.(我任何时候都不会放弃。） 【即时训练】 1．Parents are responsible ________ their children’s education. A．with B．on C．for D．at 2．I have trouble ________ understanding the teacher’s English. A．with B．for C．in D．of 3．It is nice ________ you to help me with my English study. A．of B．on C．for D．from 4．How I miss you! I’m looking forward ________ you soon. A．to see B．to seeing C．to be seen D．to be seeing 5．I am afraid I won’t be able to keep in touch ________ him. A．to B．for C．with D．by 1.（2020年河南省对口招生考试第28题） The city is famous ______its history. A. in B. for C. at D. on 2.（2020年河南省对口招生考试第22题） She is ______among the five girls. A. tall B. taller C. the tallest D. the taller 3.（2019年河南省对口招生考试第27题） He entered the room _____ knocking at the door. A. on B. to C. with D. without 4.（2019年河南省对口招生考试第23题） It is nice ____ you to help me with my English study. A. of B. on C. for D. from 5．Many people die _____ traffic accident every year. A．of B．for C．from D．with 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年河南省（对口招生）《英语学科一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣教材，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027版河南省（对口招生考试）《英语学科一轮讲练测》的第11个专题，内容为介词。 2027版河南省（对口招生考试） 《一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题11 介词 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 常用介词的用法 即时训练 考点2 介词固定搭配的用法 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 【复习目标】 熟练掌握时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、方式状语从句常用引导词。熟记if/as long as/unless等条件从句、as soon as时间从句用法；掌握主将从现规则，能根据上下文逻辑快速选用合适从属连词。 【考点1 常用介词的用法】 介词 用法/类别 说明 例句(含汉语翻译) at 时间 用于具体时刻、年龄或节假日 1.I get up at half past six every morning. (我每天早上六点半起床。) 2.She met him at the age of 14. (她在14岁时遇到了他。) 地点 用于小地点或具体位置 1.We will meet at the bus stop. (我们将在公共汽车站见面。) 2.He is waiting at the school gate. (他正在学校门口等待。) 其他 常用于固定短语 1.She is at home now. (她现在在家。) 2.Don't talk loudly at table. (吃饭时不要大声说话。) in 时间 用于年份、月份、季节、上午/下午/傍晚 1.I was born in May. (我出生在五月。) 2.We often take a walk in the evening. (我们经常在傍晚散步。) 地点 用于大地方或表示”在……内部” 1.He lives in Zhengzhou. (他住在郑州。) 2.The book is in my bag. (书在我的包里。) on 时间 用于具体的某一天、星期几、某一天的上午/下午/晚 上 1.We have a party on New Year's Day. (我们在元旦那天有一个派对。) 2.He was born on the morning of October 1st. (他出生在十月一日的 早上。) 地点 表示”在……上面”(接触表面)或接壤 1.There is a book on the desk. (桌子上有一本书。) 2.Canada is on the north of the USA. (加拿大在美国的北面。) to 方向/位置 表示“朝向……”;在某地范围之外(不接壤) 1.I go to school by bus. (我乘公共汽车去上学。) 2.Japan lies to the east of China. (日本位于中国的东面。) before 时间/顺序 表示“在……之前” 1.We'll be back before 9:00. (我们将在九点之前回来。) 2.He stood before me. (他站在我面前。) after 时间/顺序 表示”在……之后” 1.Summer comes after spring. (春天之后是夏天。) 2.Please read after me. (请跟我读。) for 时间/原因/目 的 表示”为了…”;后接一段时间 1.I have been here for ten years. (我在这里十年了。) 2.This gift is for you. (这个礼物是给你的。) since 时间 “自从……以来”,后跟时间点 We have lived here since 1996. (我们从1996年起就一直住在这里。) during 时间 “在 …… 期间” We visited many places during the summer vacation. (暑假期间我们参观了许多地方。) over 方位 “在……正上方”(垂直不接触) 1.There is a bridge over the river. (河上有一座桥。) 2.He spread a cloth over the table. (他在桌子上铺了一块布。) under 方位 “在 …… 正下方” They are sitting under a big tree. (他们正坐在一棵大树下。) by 方式 “通过某种方式或手段” 1.I usually go to school by bike. (我通常骑自行车去学校。)2.You can contact me by email. (你可以通过电子邮件联系我。) 地点 “在 …… 旁边” There is a house by the sea. (海边有一栋房子。) with 方式 “用具体的工具或东西” She covered the table with a piece of cloth. (她用一块布盖住桌子。) 伴随 “和 …… 一 起” 1.I went to the park with my parents(我和父母一起去了公园。)2. Please take your umbrella with you.(请带上你的雨伞。） 【即时训练】 1．________ Chinese New Year’s Eve every year, we have a big family dinner. A．On B．In C．During D．Next to 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：每年除夕夜，我们都会举行一场丰盛的家庭聚餐。A. On用于具体某一天或具体某一天的早中晚；B. In用于较长时段，如年、月、季节、世纪朝代等；C. During在……期间（后接时间段）；D. Next to在……旁边（强调位置）。根据“Chinese New Year’s Eve”可知，是具体到节日当天的晚上，用介词on。故选A。 2．Li Ming often goes to the cinema ________ 8 o’clock ________ Sunday evenings. A．at; in B．at; on C．in; in D．in; on 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词。句意：李明经常在周日的晚上8点去电影院。at后接钟点时间；in后接年，月，季节等；on后接具体日子。第一空后“8 o’clock”是钟点时间，所以应是介词at；第二空后“Sunday evenings”是具体某天的晚上，所以应是介词on。故选B。 3．My grandparents live ________ 369 Jiefang Road. Their flat is ________ the second floor. A．on; at B．to; at C．in; on D．at; on 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我的祖父母住在解放路369号。他们的公寓在二楼。on：在……上；at：在；to：到；in：在……里。第一空，根据“live ... 369 Jiefang Road”可知，空处表示具体的门牌号，用at；第二空，根据“the second floor”可知，空处表示在二楼，用on。故选D。 4．We can improve our listening skills ________ watching English movies and listening to English songs every day. A．by B．in C．with D．for 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：我们可以通过每天看英文电影、听英文歌曲来提高听力技能。A. by通过；B. in在……里；C. with用……工具；D. for为了……。“by + doing sth.”是固定结构，意为“通过做某事（表方式、手段）”，句中“看英文电影、听英文歌”是“提升听力”的具体方式，符合“by doing”的用法。故选A。 5．— Li Ming practiced hardest among us and he won first prize in the competition. — A dream can’t come true ________ hard work. A．by B．across C．over D．without 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：——李明在我们当中练习得最刻苦，他在比赛中获得了一等奖。——没有努力，梦想是无法实现的。A. by 通过；由；B. across穿过；C. over在……上方；超过；D. without没有。根据前文“Li Ming practiced hardest among us”的逻辑可知，李明因刻苦练习获奖，此处强调“没有努力就无法实现梦想”，介词without符合语境。故选D。 【考点2 介词固定搭配的用法】 搭配类型 固定搭配 汉语释义 例句(含汉语翻译) 与动词搭配 depend on 依靠；取决于 We should depend on ourselves. (我们应该依靠我们自己。) stand for 代表 The five rings stand for the five continents. (五个环代表五大洲。) apply for 申请 He wants to apply for the job. (他想申请这份工作。) look for 寻找 What are you looking for?(你在找什么?) prepare for 为……做准备 She is preparing for the exam. (她正在为考试做准备。) get along with 与……相处 She gets along well with her classmates. (她和班里的同学相处得很好。) take care of 照顾 She is too young to take care of herself. (她太小了不能照顾自己。) listen to 听 Please listen to the teacher carefully. (请认真听老师讲课。) pay for 支付 I will pay for the meal. (我来付这顿饭的钱。) talk about 谈论 They are talking about a movie. (他们正在谈论一部电影。) 与形容词搭配 be good at 擅长 She is good at playing the piano. (她擅长弹钢琴。) be interested in 对……感兴趣 He is interested in science. (他对科学感兴趣。) be different from 与……不同 The weather in Zhengzhou is different from that in Shanghai. (郑州的天气跟上海的不一样。) be famous for 因……著名 The city is famous for its history. (这座城市因它的历史而闻名。) be proud of 以 …….为豪 We are proud of our motherland. (我们为祖国感到自豪。) be harmful to 对……有害 Eating too much fried food is harmful to your health. (吃太多油炸食品对你的健康有害。) be worried about 为……担心 My parents are worried about my health. (我父母担心我的健康。) be responsible for 对 …….负责 We should be responsible for our future. (我们应该对自己的未来负责。) be afraid of 害怕 Are you afraid of the snake?(你害怕蛇吗?) be covered with 被……覆盖 The ground is covered with snow. (地面被雪覆盖了。) 与名词搭配 by mistake 错误地 I took your book by mistake. (我错拿了你的书。) on time 准时 Please come here on time. (请准时来这里。) in fact 事实上 In fact,he is a good student. (事实上，他是个好学生。) in a hurry 匆忙地 He left the room in a hurry. (他匆忙地离开了房间。) on foot 步行 You should go to school on foot. (你应该走路去学校。) at first 起初 At first,I didn't like him. (起初，我不喜欢他。) in the end 最终 In the end,they found the way. (最终，他们找到了路。) by the way 顺便说一下 By the way,do you know the answer?(顺便问一下，你知道答案吗?) 易混淆辨析 agree with/to/on 同意(人/计划/点) 1 I agree with you. (我同意你。) 2 He agreed to the plan(他同意了这个计划。) 3 They agreed on a date for the meeting(他们就会议日期达成了一致。) die of /from 死于(内因/外因) 1.He died of hunger. (他死于饥饿。) 2.She died from a car accident. (她死于一场车祸。) be famous for/as 因/作为……闻名 1.Paris is famous for its fashion. (巴黎以时尚闻名。) 2.She is famous as a singer. (她作为歌手而闻名。) in no time/at no time 立即/决不 1.He worked out the problem in no time. (他立刻就解决了这个问题。) 2.At no time will I give up.(我任何时候都不会放弃。） 【即时训练】 1．Parents are responsible ________ their children’s education. A．with B．on C．for D．at 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词搭配。句意：父母对他们孩子的教育负责。根据“be responsible for”是固定短语，意为“对……负有责任”可知，for符合语境，故选C。 2．I have trouble ________ understanding the teacher’s English. A．with B．for C．in D．of 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词及短语搭配。句意：我在理解老师说的英语方面有困难。分析句子可知，此处结构是have trouble in doing sth，意为“在某方面有困难”，是固定搭配。故选C。 3．It is nice ________ you to help me with my English study. A．of B．on C．for D．from 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：你帮助我学习英语，真是太好了。A. of……的；B. on在……上；C. for为了；D. from来自。根据“It is nice ... you to help me with my English study.”可知，此处是“It is + adj. + of/for sb. to do sth.”结构，在这个句型中，当形容词描述人的特征时，如“kind”“nice”“clever”“foolish”等，介词用of，“nice”是形容人的品质，所以用“of”。故选A。 4．How I miss you! I’m looking forward ________ you soon. A．to see B．to seeing C．to be seen D．to be seeing 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词和非谓语动词。句意：我好想你！我期待着很快见到你。分析句子结构可知，动词短语“look forward to”意为“期待，期盼”，to是介词，后面的动词用动名词形式作宾语。故选B。 5．I am afraid I won’t be able to keep in touch ________ him. A．to B．for C．with D．by 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：恐怕我无法与他保持联系。A. to到；B. for为了；C. with和；D. by通过。 keep in touch with sb.意为“与某人保持联系”，固定搭配，符合句意。故选C。 1.（2020年河南省对口招生考试第28题） The city is famous ______its history. A. in B. for C. at D. on 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这座城市因历史而闻名。be famous for 因……而著名。故选B。 2.（2020年河南省对口招生考试第22题） She is ______among the five girls. A. tall B. taller C. the tallest D. the taller 【答案】C 【详解】考查最高级。句意：她是五个女孩中最高的。三者以上用最高级the tallest。故选C。 3.（2019年河南省对口招生考试第27题） He entered the room _____ knocking at the door. A. on B. to C. with D. without 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词。句意：他没敲门就进了房间。without没有。故选D。 4.（2019年河南省对口招生考试第23题） It is nice ____ you to help me with my English study. A. of B. on C. for D. from 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：你真好，帮我学英语。It is + adj. + of sb. to do（形容人品质）。故选A。 5．Many people die _____ traffic accident every year. A．of B．for C．from D．with 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：每年很多人死于交通事故。die of 死因存在于人体之上或之内，主要指情感、冻饿、疾病、衰老等自身的原因（die of illness,heart trouble,cancer,a fever,hunger,sorrow,old age) die from死因是由于外部环境造成的(die from an earthquake, a traffic accident, a lightening, wound,lack of food,drinking) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $