内容正文:
专题4 形容词与副词
2027年河南省(对口招生考试)《一轮讲练测》复习课件
01
考情解码·命题预警
02
体系构建·思维可视
03
核心突破·靶向攻坚
04
真题溯源·考向感知
2
01
考情解码·命题预警
3
【复习目标】
掌握形容词、副词原级、比较级、最高级构成及常用句型。
熟记比较级、最高级不规则变化;
掌握much等修饰比较级的用法;
理解感官系动词后接形容词、副词词义辨析考点,能准确完成比较等级和语境辨析类考题。
02
体系构建·思维可视
5
03
核心突破·靶向攻坚
9
【考点1 形容词与副词的比较等级】
分类 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级 备注
规则变化
单音节/少数双音节 一般直接加-er / -est tall, young, fast taller, younger, faster tallest, youngest, fastest 绝大多数常规单词
词尾为e,加-r / -st large, late larger, later largest, latest 不重复加e
重读闭音节:辅+元+辅结尾,双写尾字母再加-er/-est big, hot, thin, fat bigger, hotter, thinner, fatter biggest, hottest, thinnest, fattest 重读+单个辅音收尾
辅音+y结尾:变y为i+er/est busy, heavy, early, happy busier, heavier, earlier, happier busiest, heaviest, earliest, happiest 元音+y直接加er
规则变化
多音节/部分双音节 单词前加more(比较)/most(最高) important, difficult, beautiful, carefully more important, more difficult, more beautiful, more carefully most important, most difficult, most beautiful, most carefully 形容词变副词以ly结尾多用此规则
【考点1 形容词与副词的比较等级】
little/a little & few/a few 1. little/a little 后接不可数名词
little:几乎没有(否定);a little:有一点(肯定)
2. few/a few 后接可数名词复数
few:几乎没有(否定);a few:有几个(肯定) There is little time left.
几乎没剩下什么时间了。
We still have a little time.
我们还有一点时间。
Very few people know that.
几乎没人知道那件事。
I'd like to say a few words.
我想说几句话。
each & every 1. each:强调个体,两者及以上,可接of、可作同位语
2. every:强调整体,三者及以上,只作定语,可表「每隔……」 Each has his good point.
各人都有自己的优点。
Every worker was there and each did his work.
所有工人都在,各做各的事。
The Olympic Games are held every four years.
奥运会每四年举办一次。
other/the other/others/the other/another 1. the other:两者中的另一个
2. other+复数名词:泛指其他的
3. others:泛指其他人/物,不接名词
4. the others:特指其余全部人/物
5. another:三者及以上另一个、再一个 For some, shopping is an art; for others, it's a sport.
对有些人购物是艺术,对另一些人是消遣。
The other one was much too expensive.
另一个太贵了。
Please show me another.
请再给我看一个。
复合不定代词(some-/any-/every-/no-) 1. 定语后置修饰不定代词
2. someone/anyone等指人,不接of;分开写any one/every one可接of
3. 作主语谓语多用单数;指物用it指代
4. any-/any-用于肯定句表「任何人/任何事」 I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。
Every one of them likes playing football.
他们每个人都喜欢踢足球。
Nothing is left, is it?
什么都没剩下,是吗?
Anyone can do this job.
任何人都能做这份工作。
【考点1 形容词与副词的比较等级】
等级分类 句型结构 英文例句 中文释义
原级 as + 原级 + as;否定:not as/so +原级+as You are as beautiful as stars in the sky. 你和天上的星星一样好看。
He is not as/so busy as he used to be. 他没有过去那么忙了。
倍数 + as +原级+as The room is twice as big as that one. 这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。
This river is three times as long as that one. 这条河是那条河的三倍长。
比较级 (倍数)+比较级+than Actions speaks louder than words. 行动胜过言语。
Asia is four times larger than Europe. 亚洲比欧洲大四倍。
the+比较级,the+比较级(越…越…) The more difficult the problem is, the more careful we should be. 问题越难,我们应该越仔细。
The more we share,the more gratitude we bring into our lives. 我们分享地越多,我们给生活带来的感激就越多。
比较级+and+比较级(越来越…) Learning becomes more and more difficult as we get older. 随着年龄增长,学习变得越来越难。
She plays the violin better and better. 她小提琴拉得是越来越好了。
【考点1 形容词与副词的比较等级】
最高级 the+(序数词)+最高级+名词+in/of范围 The Spring Festival is the oldest traditional festival in China. 春节是中国最古老的传统节日。
Today, China is the world’s largest e-commerce market. 如今,中国是世界上最大的电商市场。
one of + the +最高级 + 可数名词复数 Your first day at a new job can be one of the most stressful things. 新工作的第一天可能是压力最大的事情之一。
比较级修饰词 much/far/even/a little/a lot等修饰比较级 She looks much younger than me. 她看上去比我年轻得多。
She is far better than the other students. 她比其他学生更优秀。
Are you feeling any better? 你感觉好些了吗?
最高级修饰词 序数词/nearly/almost/by far/the very修饰最高级 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。
He is almost/nearly the tallest here. 他差不多是这里最高的。
She is by far the best of all the students. 她是所有学生中最好的。
1.The art of the Palace Museum is becoming ________.
A.more and more popular B.more popular and more popular
C.most popular and most popular D.most and most popular
【答案】A
【详解】考查“比较级+ and +比较级”结构。句意:故宫博物院的艺术正变得越来越受欢迎。popular:受欢迎的,形容词。在英语中,“比较级+and+比较级”结构常用于表示“越来越……”,这是形容词或副词比较级的一种特殊用法。单音节/双音节词用“比较级 + and + 比较级”,多音节词用“more and more + 原级”。“popular”是多音节词,需用“more and more popular”。故选A。
【即时训练】
2.Wonderful! The song is the ________ one that I have ever listened to.
A.better B.best C.worse D.worst
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意:太棒了!这首歌是我听过的最好听的歌。A. better更好的;B. best最好的;C. worse更糟的;D. worst最糟的。根据“that I have ever listened to”可知,这是在“我听过的所有歌曲”这一范围内进行比较,需要使用形容词最高级;同时,Wonderful!表达了积极的评价,所以应选择表示“最好的”的best。故选B。
【即时训练】
3.No one in my class is as ________ as Tom. He is 1.9 meters high.
A.short B.tall C.shorter D.taller
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词原级。句意:我们班没有人和汤姆一样高。他身高1.9米。short短的;tall高的。“as +形容词原级+ as”意为“和……一样……”,中间需用形容词原级,根据“He is 1.9 meters high.”可知,应是高,所以用 tall。故选B。
【即时训练】
4.Which does Jimmy like _____ , Chinese or Art?
A.well B.best C.better D.much
【答案】C
【详解】考查副词的比较级。句意:吉米更喜欢哪一科,语文还是美术?根据Chinese or Art可知,此处是在两者之间作比较,应用比较级,副词well的比较级是better。故选C。
【即时训练】
5.You should pay attention to your writing. The ________ you write, the ________ marks you will get next time.
A.more careful; fewer B.more carefully; highest
C.more careful; fewest D.more carefully; higher
【答案】D
【详解】考查比较级和形容词副词辨析。句意:你应该注意你的书写。你写得越认真,下次你得分就越高。本句是“the+比较级, the+比较级”表示“越……就越……”。more careful更认真的,形容词比较级;more carefully更认真地,副词比较级;fewer更少的;fewest最少的;higher更高的;highest最高的。第一空应用副词比较级more carefully修饰动词write;第二空应用higher修饰表示分数的名词marks。故选D。
【即时训练】
【考点2 形容词与副词词义辨析】
辨析词组 单词 词义&用法区分(adj./adv.标注) 英文例句 中文注释
close / closely close adj.近的;adv.靠近(具象空间) We are close friends. / Stand close to the wall. 我们是亲密的朋友。/紧靠墙站着。
closely adv.密切地(抽象) Watch closely what he does. 密切留意他的举动。
late / lately late adj.迟到的;adv.迟、晚(实际时间) a late bus / He got home late last night. 末班公交车/他昨晚回家很晚。
lately adv.最近 I haven’t seen him lately. 我最近没见过他。
deep / deeply deep adj.深的;adv.深(具象深度) a deep river / They dived deep into the sea. 一条很深的河/他们潜入深海。
deeply adv.深深地(抽象情感) We are deeply moved by the story. 我们被这个故事深深打动。
high / highly high adj.高的;adv.高高地(实物高度) a high mountain / The bird flies high in the sky. 一座高山/鸟儿在高空飞翔。
highly adv.高度地(抽象评价) People speak highly of his work. 人们高度评价他的工作。
wide / widely wide adj.宽阔的;adv.张大(具象宽窄) a wide road / Open your mouth wide. 宽阔的马路/把嘴巴张大。
widely adv.广泛地(抽象范围) This book is widely used in schools. 这本书在校园里被广泛使用。
hard / hardly hard adj.坚硬的、困难的;adv.努力地 a hard stone / Study hard every day. 一块硬石头/每天努力学习。
hardly adv.几乎不 I can hardly believe my eyes. 我几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。
【考点2 形容词与副词词义辨析】
almost / nearly almost adv.几乎,可搭配否定代词 Almost nobody came to the party. 几乎没人来参加派对。
nearly adv.几乎,可被very/not修饰 It’s nearly ten o’clock. 快要十点钟了。
good / well good adj.好的,修饰名词 She is a good student. 她是一名好学生。
well adv.好地;adj.(身体)健康的 He sings well; I’m not feeling well. 他唱歌很好;我身体不舒服。
fast / quick / quickly fast adj.快速的;adv.飞快地 a fast car / Run fast to catch the bus. 一辆快车/快跑赶公交车。
quick adj.迅速的,修饰名词 Have a quick breakfast. 快速吃个早饭。
quickly adv.迅速地 Stand up quickly when called. 被叫到时迅速起身。
【考点2 形容词与副词词义辨析】
much / many much adj.许多(不可数名词);adv.……得多(修饰比较级) Much water is wasted. / much bigger 浪费很多水/大得多。
many adj.许多(可数名词复数) Many students like English. 很多学生喜欢英语。
a little / a few / little / few a little adj.一点(不可数,肯定);adv.略微(修饰比较级) I have a little milk / a little taller 剩一点牛奶/高一点。
a few adj.几个(可数复数,肯定) A few friends will visit me. 几个朋友要来拜访我。
little adj.几乎没有(不可数,否定);adv.略微(修饰比较级) Little food left / little better 几乎没食物/几乎没好转。
few adj.几乎没有(可数复数,否定) Few people understood him. 几乎没人听懂他的话。
certain / sure certain adj.确定的(客观) It is certain that he will win. 他获胜是必然的。
sure adj.确信的(主观);adv.当然(口语) I am sure of answer. / Sure, I’ll help you. 我确定答案。/当然,我帮你。
lonely / alone lonely adj.孤单的(内心情绪) The old man feels lonely. 这位老人内心孤单。
alone adj.独自的;adv.单独地 an alone traveler / She lives alone. 孤身旅客/她独自居住。
【考点2 形容词与副词词义辨析】
sometime/sometimes/some time/some times sometime adv.某个时候 I’ll visit you sometime next month. 下个月某个时间我去看你。
sometimes adv.有时候 He sometimes gets up late. 他偶尔起床很晚。
some time 名词短语,一段时间 Stay here for some time. 在这儿待一段时间。
some times 名词短语,几次、几倍 I have been there some times. 我去过那里好几次。
too/very/so very adv.很,修饰原级形容词 very beautiful 很漂亮
too adv.太(含负面含义),too…to太…而不能 too small to use 太小没法使用
so adv.如此,常用so…that so tired that I sleep early 太累以至于早睡
【考点2 形容词与副词词义辨析】
单词 词义 例句+中文
always 总是 She always gets up at six. 她总是六点起床。
usually 通常 I usually walk to school. 我通常步行去上学。
often 经常 He often helps housework. 他经常做家务。
sometimes 有时 We sometimes go hiking. 我们偶尔去徒步。
seldom 很少 He seldom eats junk food. 他很少吃垃圾食品。
never 从不 I never smoke in public. 我从不在公共场所抽烟。
1.The bus is ________ to hold many students, it still has ________ for the luggage.
A.enough big; enough room B.big enough; enough room
C.enough big; room enough D.big enough; room enough
【答案】B
【详解】考查enough的用法。句意:这辆巴士足够大,可以容纳很多学生,而且还有足够的空间放置行李。“enough”修饰形容词时要放在形容词后面,所以“big enough”表示“足够大”;“enough”修饰名词时放在名词前面,“enough room”表示“足够的空间”。故选B。
【即时训练】
2.The dinner smells ______.
A.well B.good C.badly D.deliciously
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意:这顿晚餐闻起来很香。A. well健康的,形容词;B. good好的,形容词;C. badly糟糕地,副词;D. deliciously美味地,副词。分析句子可知,“smells”为系动词,后接形容词,作表语;根据句意可知,晚餐闻起来很香。故选B。
【即时训练】
3.Eddie is very lazy and fat. He always goes to sleep after meals and he _________ does sports.
A.never B.often C.usually D.always
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意:Eddie很懒,又胖,总是吃完饭就睡觉,从来不运动。A. never从不;B. often经常;C. usually通常;D. always总是。根据“Eddie is very lazy and fat. He always goes to sleep after meals”可知,他从不做运动,所以应选择“never”。故选A。
【即时训练】
4.I ________ see my grandparents on weekends.
A.sometimes B.someday C.yesterday D.tomorrow
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意:我有时在周末去看我的祖父母。A. sometimes有时(副词,用于一般现在时);B. someday有一天(副词,用于一般将来时);C. yesterday昨天(名词,用于一般过去时);D. tomorrow明天(名词,用于一般将来时)。根据“on weekends”和“see”可知,句子时态是一般现在时,所以选sometimes。故选A。
【即时训练】
5.He runs _______ than before, but he still can’t catch up _______.
A.fast; quick B.fast; quickly C.faster; quick D.faster; quickly
【答案】D
【详解】考查副词的比较级及副词用法。句意:他跑得比以前快,但还是没法快速追上。fast原级,副词;quick形容词,不能修饰动词;quickly副词,修饰动词;faster比较级。根据“than before”提示用比较级可知,第一空应用faster;quickly是副词,修饰动词短语“catch up”,第二空用quickly。故选D。
【即时训练】
04
真题溯源·考向感知
29
1.(2025年河南省对口招生考试第27题)
Which do you like ______, coffee, milk or bubble tea?
A. good B. best C. better D. well
【答案】B
【详解】考查最高级。句意:咖啡、牛奶、奶茶,你最喜欢哪一个?三者及以上比较用最高级best,故选B。
【即时训练】
2.(2024年河南省对口招生考试第25题)
The air in our city is getting ______ cleaner now than a few years ago.
A. as B. very C. much D. quite
【答案】C
【详解】考查副词。句意:我们城市的空气比几年前干净多了。much可修饰形容词比较级加强语气,故选C。
【即时训练】
3.(2022年河南省对口招生考试第25题)
This song sounds__________.My little brother likes it.
A. good B. bad C. well D. badly
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这首歌听起来很好听。sound为感官系动词,后接形容词作表语,故选A。
【即时训练】
4.(2021年河南省对口招生考试第21题)
Jerry hasn’t read the book, and I haven’t read it,__________.
A. too B. either C. yet D. already
【答案】B
【详解】考查副词。句意:杰瑞没读过这本书,我也没读过。否定句末表示“也”用either。故选B。
【即时训练】
5.(2021年河南省对口招生考试第22题)
Study_______and you will make great progress.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. more hard
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词原级。句意:努力学习,你就会取得巨大进步。本句无比较含义,用副词原级hard,故选A。
【即时训练】
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