2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第四册单元话题词汇背诵+英汉互译练习综合复习提升练习

**基本信息** 聚焦单元主题，融合词汇分层、一词多义、谚语修辞，通过梯度句式训练构建“认读-翻译-写作”一体化方法体系，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇分层|写作核心词20+认读词20+|区分读写词汇，明确背诵与识别要求|单元主题词汇从基础到高阶的层级递进| |一词多义|5词/单元，含高考高频义|阅读记本义、写作重拓展义，结合例句解析|从本义到引申义的语义关联与语境应用| |谚语集锦|10条/单元，适配主题|开头引观点、中间助论证、结尾升华主旨|主题与谚语的情景对应，增强表达感染力| |汉译英练习|5组/单元，5梯度句式|从简单句到高分优化版（修辞+谚语），附点评|句式复杂度与表达精准度的阶梯式提升|

外研版选择性必修4 Unit5+Unit6 句子翻译专项 整体补充说明 1. 修辞：短文、例句中融入比喻、拟人，提升语感与写作文采； 2. 谚语集锦：精选高考通用谚语/俚语，用词简单、不易望文生义，适合作文首尾段、主旨升华； 3. 一词多义：提取本单元高频多义词，区分阅读义&写作义、易错题解析； 4. 词汇分层：明确认读词汇（仅阅读识别）& 写作核心词汇（反复背诵运用）。 Unit 5 古文明探秘、自然灾难与探索冒险 词汇分层标注 写作核心词汇（必背、反复仿写） intrigue, bury, ruin, abandon, dismiss, expansion, retreat, delve, investigation, notable, equivalent, substance 重点短语：fall into ruin, make a getaway, run for one's life, check out, test the waters, steer clear of, throw oneself into, think twice, shrink from, look into 认读词汇（阅读识别即可，无需刻意默写） purse, civilisation, pyramid, astronomy, canal, tropical, cyclone, megadrought, downfall, uncharted, shipwreck, archaeological, coral, millimetre, upwards, trench, stack, furthermore, vessel, drilling, vol 本单元【一词多义】（高考高频，易望文生义） 1. ruin n. 废墟，残垣断壁（本义）；v. 毁坏，摧毁（写作高频） 搭配：fall into ruin 沦为废墟 例句：War will ruin beautiful cities and ancient civilisations. 战争会摧毁美丽的城市与古老文明。 2. abandon v. 离弃，逃离；放弃（读写必考词汇） 例句：No one will abandon their homeland easily. 没有人会轻易舍弃自己的家园。 3. retreat v. 后退，逃避（写作引申义）；n. 撤退，隐居处 例句：Brave people never retreat in the face of difficulties. 勇者面对困难从不退缩。 4. stack v. 整齐堆起，摞起（动作本义）；n. 一叠，一堆 5. substance n. 物质（科学本义）；实质，要义（写作抽象义） 高考通用谚语&地道短句（探索、考古、灾难、冒险主题） 1. Seek truth from facts. 实事求是 2. Nothing ventured, nothing gained. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子 3. Every civilization has its glory. 每种文明皆有辉煌过往 4. Look before you leap. 三思而后行 5. Adversity reveals genius. 逆境出英才 6. Never shrink from difficulties. 绝不畏难退缩 7. Explore the unknown, discover the wonder. 探索未知，发现奇妙 8. Time destroys all things. 岁月流转，万物兴衰 9. Facts speak louder than guesses. 事实胜于臆测 10. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 千里之行，始于足下 第一部分 英译汉练习（阅读认读专项） 一、单句翻译（简单句+长难句，融入比喻/拟人） 简单句 1. The ancient purse is a small witness to old civilisation. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Mysterious ancient stories intrigue modern researchers.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Time buried the ancient city under thick earth. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Pyramids are great symbols of ancient culture. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Astronomy and canals show ancient people's wisdom. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Tropical regions often suffer from cyclones and megadroughts. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Disasters led to the downfall of the ancient empire. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 8. The old castle gradually fell into ruin. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Local residents had to abandon their homes during the disaster. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 10. We cannot dismiss reasonable ideas without investigation. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The rapid expansion of cities changes natural landscapes. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 12. The criminals tried to make a getaway but failed. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 13. People ran for their life when the storm struck. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 14. We need to check out the truth of the incident. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 15. They decided to test the waters before largescale exploration. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 16. Wise people steer clear of unnecessary risks. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 17. He chose to retreat from the noisy urban life. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 18. Archaeologists delve into uncharted ancient lands all year round.（比喻） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 19. Think twice before you throw yourself into a new adventure. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 20. True fighters never shrink from challenges. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 长难句 21. Furthermore, this special substance has an equivalent effect on different creatures.（对比修辞） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 22. The notable archaeological investigation discovered many ancient vessels and shipwrecks. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 23. Divers dive into the deep trench, where corals grow upwards. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 24. Workers stack stones and carry out drilling near the ancient ruins. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Every vol of ancient records helps us look into the lost history. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 26. Though exploration is tough, researchers never retreat or shrink back.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 二、话题短文翻译 短文1 古文明探秘与考古探索 Ancient civilisation is like a mysterious book buried in the long history.（比喻）Strange relics and old stories intrigue countless archaeologists. Many grand buildings fell into ruin and were buried by time. We should not dismiss reasonable guesses; instead, we carry out careful investigation. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Before large exploration, we test the waters and check out all conditions. We steer clear of dangers and think twice in advance. Researchers throw themselves into delving into uncharted areas. Notable discoveries prove that different substances have equivalent functions. Furthermore, every relic records the glory and downfall of ancient times. Remember: Seek truth from facts. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 短文2 自然灾害与人类抉择 Cyclones, megadroughts and other disasters bring huge troubles to tropical areas. The spread of disasters forces people to abandon their hometowns. Some people try to make a getaway or run for their life in panic. Faced with hardship, some choose to retreat, while brave people never shrink from difficulties. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We look into the causes of natural disasters and learn lessons from history. Old shipwrecks, deep trenches and ancient canals are all silent witnesses. Time may ruin old buildings, but human courage will last forever. As the saying goes, nothing ventured, nothing gained. Rational judgment and brave exploration help us fight against disasters and move forward. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分 汉译英练习（5梯度句式 + 句式点评） 第1组 主题：探索未知，勇于冒险 原句：人类不断探索未知领域，不惧前路艰难险阻。 1. 简单句（入门版） Humans explore unknown places bravely. 点评：基础句式，表意简洁。 2. 并列句（过渡版） We delve into the unknown and fear no difficulties. 点评：活用 delve、uncharted 单元核心词汇。 3. 常规复合句 The uncharted areas that we explore are full of challenges. 点评：定语从句，课内标准语法结构。 4. 高阶复合句 Though exploration is tough, we keep delving into the unknown. 点评：让步从句，句式层次更高。 5. 高分优化版（谚语+比喻） As nothing ventured, nothing gained, we explore the unknown like fearless pioneers. 点评：结合谚语与比喻，文采突出，作文加分。 第2组 主题：尊重历史，实事求是 原句：我们应当尊重历史遗迹，以调查取证还原真相。 1. 简单句（入门版） We protect relics and find out truth. 2. 并列句（过渡版） We respect ancient relics and look into facts through investigation. 点评：活用 investigation、look into 重点短语。 3. 常规复合句 When we study history, we rely on investigation to find the truth. 4. 高阶复合句 Since facts matter greatly, we carry out careful investigation all the time. 5. 高分优化版（谚语+分词） Seeking truth from facts, we rely on investigation to restore real history. 第3组 主题：三思而行，谨慎行事 原句：面对未知的冒险，我们必须三思而后行。 1. 简单句（入门版） We think twice before acting. 2. 并列句（过渡版） We face unknown adventures, so we must think twice. 3. 常规复合句 When we face unknown adventures, we need to think twice first. 4. 高阶复合句 Before starting any adventure, we should think twice and test the waters. 5. 高分优化版（谚语） As the saying goes, look before you leap; we think twice when facing unknown adventures. 第4组 主题：直面困境，绝不退缩 原句：身处困境之时，我们不能退缩，更不能畏难逃避。 1. 简单句（入门版） We never retreat from trouble. 2. 并列句（过渡版） We meet difficulties, and we will not retreat or shrink from them. 点评：活用 retreat、shrink from 核心短语。 3. 常规复合句 The difficulties we face cannot make us retreat or shrink back. 4. 高阶复合句 Even if we are in trouble, we will never retreat or shrink from challenges. 5. 高分优化版（拟人） Faced with hardships, strongwilled people never retreat or shrink from difficulties. 第5组 主题：岁月流转，文明兴衰 原句：再辉煌的文明，也可能在岁月中走向衰败与湮灭。 1. 简单句（入门版） Great civilisations may fall into ruin. 2. 并列句（过渡版） Brilliant civilisations may fall into ruin as time passes. 3. 常规复合句 As time goes by, even glorious civilisations may fall into ruin. 4. 高阶复合句 Although a civilisation is glorious, it may finally fall into ruin. 5. 高分优化版（比喻） Like blooming flowers, glorious civilisations may gradually fall into ruin as time flows away.   附加总结 1. 一词多义：重点掌握 ruin, abandon, retreat, substance 及配套短语，阅读区分本义与引申义，写作优先使用高分搭配。 2. 谚语：适用于探险、考古、灾难、历史类作文，可用于开头引出话题、结尾升华。 3. 修辞：文中比喻、拟人句式可直接摘抄仿写，提升书面表达美感。 4. 词汇：写作词坚持默写、造句；认读词熟读识义即可，无需逐词默写。 Unit 6 太空探索、模拟训练与宇宙奥秘 词汇分层标注 写作核心词汇（必背、反复仿写） hazardous, rekindle, instantaneously, scream, invisible, straightforward, selfdiscipline, awesome, simulated 重点短语：become accustomed to, cast a shadow on, the naked eye 认读词汇（阅读识别即可，无需刻意默写） motion, unexceptional, shuttle, excursion, tragically, shadow, telescope, angle, galaxy, cosmic, conceivably, subatomic, particle, fetch, muscle, pepper, sneeze, disc, crew, simulator, lifelike, submission 本单元【一词多义】（高考高频，易望文生义） 1. shadow n. 影子（本义）；坏影响，阴影（写作抽象义） 搭配：cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影 例句：The accident cast a shadow on space exploration. 这场事故给太空探索蒙上了阴影。 2. invisible adj. 看不见的，无形的（物理/抽象事物通用） 3. fetch v.（去）拿来；接来（基础读写词汇） 4. crew n.（飞船、飞机）全体机组人员（集体名词） 5. excursion n. 短途出行；专项考察出行 高考通用谚语&地道短句（太空、探索、自律、科技主题） 1. The sky is not the limit. 潜力无限，天高亦可攀 2. Where there is discipline, there is success. 自律者方得成功 3. Dream big, explore far. 心怀远志，探索远方 4. Every cloud has a silver lining. 黑暗中总有一线光明 5. Seeing is believing. 眼见为实 6. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 7. Science explores the unknown. 科学探索未知 8. Adversity makes a man wise. 逆境使人聪慧 9. Nothing is impossible. 一切皆有可能 10. Keep moving forward. 勇往直前 第一部分 英译汉练习（阅读认读专项） 一、单句翻译（简单句+长难句，融入比喻/拟人） 简单句 1. We gradually become accustomed to new movements and rules. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Space travel is hazardous and full of unknown risks. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 3. This is just an unexceptional daily task for astronauts. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 4. The space shuttle carries humans into outer space.（比喻） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 5. We go on an excursion to learn cosmic knowledge. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 6. The tragedy cast a shadow on everyone's heart. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 7. The fire was put out instantaneously. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 8. People scream out of sudden fear. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 9. We cannot see tiny particles with the naked eye. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 10. You can angle the telescope to watch distant galaxies. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 11. Cosmic mysteries attract scientists worldwide. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Subatomic particles are invisible to ordinary people. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 13. This problem is straightforward and easy to solve. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Good selfdiscipline is essential for every astronaut. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Please fetch the tools over there. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 16. Muscles will feel tired after long training. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 17. People often sneeze when pepper floats in the air. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 18. The flight crew cooperate closely on every mission. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 19. The simulated training equipment looks lifelike.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 20. The awesome scenery of the universe shocks all explorers. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 长难句 21. Conceivably, invisible particles exist everywhere in the vast galaxy.（对比修辞） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 22. Lifelike simulators help astronauts get accustomed to hazardous space environments. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 23. Past tragedies cast a shadow on space research, but people rekindle their dreams again. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 24. Some objects move instantaneously and make people scream with surprise. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Straightforward rules and strict selfdiscipline guarantee space travel safety. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 26. After submission of reports, the crew continue to study cosmic theories. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 二、话题短文翻译 短文1 航天追梦与模拟训练 Space exploration is a great dream of mankind. Though space is hazardous, astronauts never give up. They gradually become accustomed to special movements and strict rules. They take regular excursions and receive longterm simulated training on lifelike simulators. Good selfdiscipline is the basic quality for every crew member. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Past tragedies once cast a shadow on space careers, but people rekindle their enthusiasm. Some cosmic objects move instantaneously and may make people scream. Many subatomic particles are invisible to the naked eye. Ordinary tasks may seem unexceptional, but the awesome views of the universe make all efforts worthwhile. Remember: The sky is not the limit. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 短文2 宇宙奥秘与科学探索 The universe is like a huge magical box full of secrets.（比喻）Scientists angle telescopes to observe distant galaxies and study cosmic laws. They research invisible particles and subatomic substances. Some problems are straightforward, while others are extremely complex. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We fetch instruments, do physical training and learn all kinds of knowledge. Tired muscles and accidental sneezes cannot stop us. We stick to strict selfdiscipline and keep moving forward. Many unknown things exist in outer space. As the saying goes, nothing is impossible. Continuous exploration will help us uncover more cosmic secrets. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分 汉译英练习（5梯度句式 + 句式点评） 第1组 主题：坚守自律，成就自我 原句：强大的自律能力，是完成一切挑战的基础。 1. 简单句（入门版） Selfdiscipline helps us face challenges. 点评：基础句式，表意简洁。 2. 并列句（过渡版） Strong selfdiscipline is the foundation of overcoming challenges. 点评：活用 selfdiscipline 核心词汇。 3. 常规复合句 The strong selfdiscipline that we have supports us to beat challenges. 4. 高阶复合句 Since challenges are tough, we need strong selfdiscipline. 5. 高分优化版（谚语+比喻） As where there is discipline, there is success; selfdiscipline is the solid foundation for all challenges. 第2组 主题：走出阴霾，重拾梦想 原句：纵使挫折蒙上阴影，我们也要重拾梦想继续前行。 1. 简单句（入门版） We pick up dreams and move on. 2. 并列句（过渡版） Failures cast a shadow on us, but we rekindle dreams and move ahead. 点评：活用 cast a shadow on、rekindle 重点短语。 3. 常规复合句 When troubles cast a shadow on us, we rekindle our dreams bravely. 4. 高阶复合句 Although setbacks cast a shadow on us, we rekindle dreams and keep moving. 5. 高分优化版（谚语+分词） As every cloud has a silver lining, we rekindle dreams and move forward beyond shadows. 第3组 主题：勤学苦练，熟能生巧 原句：借助模拟训练，我们不断练习从而提升能力。 1. 简单句（入门版） We train to improve ability. 2. 并列句（过渡版） We use simulated training and practice to get better. 3. 常规复合句 The simulated training we take helps us improve our skills. 4. 高阶复合句 By taking simulated training, we keep practicing and make progress. 5. 高分优化版（谚语） As practice makes perfect, we improve ourselves through repeated simulated training. 第4组 主题：探索宇宙，永不止步 原句：宇宙蕴藏无穷奥秘，人类的探索之路永无止境。 1. 简单句（入门版） The universe has many secrets. 2. 并列句（过渡版） The galaxy holds countless secrets, and human exploration never stops. 3. 常规复合句 The universe which is full of mysteries attracts endless exploration. 4. 高阶复合句 While the universe is full of mysteries, humans keep exploring bravely. 5. 高分优化版（比喻） Like an endless ocean, the universe holds mysteries, and our exploration will never end. 第5组 主题：肉眼难辨，科学探微 原句：许多微观粒子肉眼不可见，只能依靠科学仪器观测。 1. 简单句（入门版） Small particles are invisible to eyes. 2. 并列句（过渡版） Many tiny particles are invisible to the naked eye, so we use tools to observe them. 点评：活用 the naked eye、invisible 核心词汇。 3. 常规复合句 If we want to see invisible particles, we need professional tools. 4. 高阶复合句 Because particles are invisible to the naked eye, we use instruments to observe them. 5. 高分优化版（谚语+并列） As seeing is believing, we use scientific equipment to observe particles invisible to the naked eye. 附加总结 1. 一词多义：重点记忆 shadow 抽象用法、固定短语 cast a shadow on、become accustomed to，写作高频加分点。 2. 谚语：适用于航天、科技、梦想、自律类作文，适配高考各类议论文、夹叙夹议文。 3. 修辞：写景、写科技、写梦想的比喻/拟人句可直接摘抄仿写。 4. 词汇：写作词汇反复背诵、造句；认读词汇做到阅读快速识义即可。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版选择性必修4 Unit1+Unit2 句子翻译专项 整体补充说明 1. 修辞：短文、例句中融入比喻、拟人，提升语感与写作文采； 2. 谚语集锦：精选高考通用谚语/俚语，用词简单、不易望文生义，适合作文首尾段、主旨升华； 3. 一词多义：提取本单元高频多义词，区分阅读义&写作义、易错题解析； 4. 词汇分层：明确认读词汇（仅阅读识别）& 写作核心词汇（反复背诵运用）。 Unit 1 人生抉择、理想与处世选择 词汇分层标注 写作核心词汇（必背、反复仿写） ambition, ultimately, participation, complex, symbolize, alternative, dilemma, arise, circumstance, qualified, fluency, thoughtful, weigh 重点短语：take action, make up one's mind, pass up, have second thoughts, put off, reject... out of hand, weigh up, diverge 认读词汇（阅读识别即可，无需刻意默写） boyhood, trainee, correspondent, bullfighting, historical, detective, dot, backwards, admission, numerous, commercial, undergrowth, mixture, affection, sincerely, refreshments, shift 本单元【一词多义】（高考高频，易望文生义） 1. arise v.（由……）引起；出现（写作高频，多用于问题、矛盾、困难） v. 起身，起立（本义，阅读少见） 例句：New problems will arise when we carry out new plans. 推行新计划时，新问题会随之出现。 2. circumstance n. 情况，情形（读写通用） 搭配：in/under no circumstances 决不（高考倒装考点） 例句：We should adjust ourselves to different circumstances. 我们要学会适应不同处境。 3. alternative n. 可供选择的事物；备选方案（写作核心） adj. 可供选择的；替代的（形容词用法） 例句：We have no alternative but to stick to our decision. 我们别无选择，只能坚持决定。 4. shift n. 轮班；当班时间（单元本义） v. 转移；转变（观点、重心，写作拓展义） 例句：People's views began to shift as time went by. 随着时间推移，人们的看法逐渐改变。 5. qualified adj. 合格的，胜任的（写作核心） 搭配：be qualified for sth / be qualified to do sth 有资格/胜任做某事 高考通用谚语&地道短句（适配本单元：理想、抉择、困境、人生选择主题） 1. Every choice has its price. 翻译：每一种选择都有代价。（两难取舍话题） 2. Follow your dream. 翻译：追逐理想。（志向、人生目标） 3. Look before you leap. 翻译：三思而后行。（权衡利弊、谨慎抉择） 4. Opportunity knocks but once. 翻译：机不可失，时不再来。（把握机遇） 5. No cross, no crown. 翻译：不经历风雨，怎见得彩虹。（困境与坚持） 6. A wise man changes his mind, a fool never will. 翻译：智者通权达变，愚者固执己见。（想法转变、犹豫动摇） 7. Choose well, and your life will be bright. 翻译：选择得当，人生明朗。（人生抉择升华） 8. Actions speak louder than words. 翻译：行胜于言。（付诸行动） 9. When in doubt, pause. 翻译：心存疑虑，暂且止步。（犹豫不决） 10. Many hands make light work. 翻译：人多力量大。（参与、协作） 第一部分 英译汉练习（阅读认读专项） 一、单句翻译（简单句+长难句，融入比喻/拟人修辞） 简单句（基础认读） 1. His boyhood dream gradually turned into his lifelong ambition.（比喻） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 2. As a trainee, he learns professional skills every single day. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 3. The correspondent reports historical events across the globe. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Bullfighting is a traditional activity in some European areas. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 5. A good detective is skilled at discovering hidden clues. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 6. We will ultimately realize our dreams through hard work. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Please mark a small dot on the corner of the paper. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 8. He looked backwards and recalled his youthful days.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 9. The school refused his application for admission for certain reasons. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Make up your mind bravely and never pass up valuable chances. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 11. She had second thoughts and decided to put off the whole project. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 12. They rejected the strange proposal out of hand without discussion. 13. We need enough time to weigh up all pros and cons. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Active participation plays an important role in group activities. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Life is a complex journey filled with various choices.（比喻） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 16. The two roads diverge deep in the thick undergrowth. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 17. Numerous commercials appear on TV and online every day. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 18. The white dove universally symbolizes peace and friendship. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 19. We often face a tough dilemma when making big decisions. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 20. Conflicts and troubles easily arise under special circumstances. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 长难句（阅读拔高，含复合结构+修辞） 21. A mixture of love and sincere affection encourages us to face tough dilemmas bravely.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 22. Only workers with professional ability and language fluency are fully qualified for this task. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 23. A thoughtful person will never make hasty decisions when trapped in a dilemma. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 24. Staff on different shifts share refreshments and communicate with each other sincerely. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Historical stories act as wise teachers, guiding us to weigh up every choice carefully.（比喻） 26. Never abandon your ambition just because you meet tough circumstances on the way. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 二、话题短文翻译（整合词汇 + 大量比喻、拟人，阅读+仿写两用） 短文1 人生理想与职业追求 Everyone holds different ambition since boyhood. Some dream of becoming correspondents or detectives, while others love traditional culture such as bullfighting. As trainees, we keep learning and improving ourselves day by day. Life is like a complex path where many roads diverge. Numerous choices stand in front of us, and new troubles often arise under different circumstances. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We may have second thoughts and choose to put off our plans. But wise people will calm down to weigh up all factors and take positive action. Never pass up precious opportunities or reject new ideas out of hand. Active participation in practice makes us more qualified. Ultimately, as long as we stick to our original heart, we will walk out of all dilemmas. Remember: opportunity knocks but once. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 短文2 谨慎抉择与处世智慧 In daily life, we are faced with various alternatives and tough dilemmas all the time. Wrong decisions may bring endless trouble. A thoughtful person will look back and think twice before making up his mind. Sometimes thick undergrowth blocks our path, and endless confusing commercials disturb our judgment. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ True affection and sincere communication are like warm sunshine in ordinary life. When problems arise suddenly, we should stay calm and adapt to new circumstances. Keep fluency in communication and try to be a qualified partner in teamwork. As the saying goes, look before you leap. Every choice shapes our future, so we must treat every decision seriously. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二部分 汉译英练习（5梯度句式 + 句式点评 + 写作指引） 第1组 主题：树立理想，追逐梦想 原句：远大的理想指引我们在人生路上不断前行。 1. 简单句（入门版） Big dreams guide us to move forward. 点评：基础主谓宾，词汇简单，适合入门练习。 2. 并列句（过渡版） We have great ambition, and it leads us to keep moving ahead. 点评：活用单元核心词 ambition，贴合课本词汇。 3. 常规复合句（定语从句） The great ambition that we hold guides us on our lifelong journey. 点评：定语从句修饰先行词，课内标准复合句式。 4. 高阶复合句（since 原因从句） Since we have lofty ambition, we will never stop moving forward. 点评：原因状语从句，书面语气更强，逻辑清晰。 5. 高分优化版（比喻修辞+非谓语） Like a bright light, lofty ambition guides us forward on the long journey of life. 点评：比喻搭配非谓语结构，文采突出，作文加分。 第2组 主题：三思而后行，谨慎做选择 原句：面对两难困境，我们要权衡利弊再做决定。 1. 简单句（入门版） We think carefully before choosing. 点评：句式极简，信息较为单薄。 2. 并列句（过渡版） We face a dilemma, so we need to weigh up advantages and disadvantages. 点评：使用核心词 dilemma、weigh up，紧扣单元考点。 3. 常规复合句（状语从句） When we are in a dilemma, we should weigh up all factors first. 点评：基础时间状语从句，语法规范，考场通用。 4. 高阶复合句（though 让步从句） Though the dilemma is tough, we still need to weigh up everything patiently. 点评：让步从句提升句式层次，议论文高频用法。 5. 高分优化版（谚语引用+复合结构） As the saying goes, look before you leap; we weigh up all sides when facing a dilemma. 点评：嵌入主题谚语，适合作文主旨论证。 第3组 主题：把握机遇，切勿轻易放弃 原句：我们不应轻易错过机遇，也不要断然拒绝新尝试。 1. 简单句（入门版） Don't miss good chances. 点评：词汇浅显，无写作亮点。 2. 并列句（过渡版） We must not pass up opportunities or reject new tries out of hand. 点评：活用单元重点短语，贴合考点。 3. 常规复合句（if 条件从句） If you pass up chances easily, you will feel regretful later. 点评：基础条件从句，句式通用。 4. 高阶复合句（when 时间从句） When good opportunities come, never pass them up or reject them directly. 点评：场景化从句，语境自然，记叙、议论均可使用。 5. 高分优化版（谚语+拟人修辞） As opportunity knocks but once, we never pass up chances or reject new attempts out of hand. 点评：引用谚语，考点全覆盖，属于高分句式。 第4组 主题：直面问题，主动应对 原句：困境出现时，我们要主动行动，积极解决问题。 1. 简单句（入门版） We take action to solve problems. 点评：基础表达，词汇普通。 2. 并列句（过渡版） New troubles arise, and we take action to deal with them. 点评：使用核心词 arise、take action，考点明确。 3. 常规复合句（定语从句） The difficulties that arise in life require us to take active action. 点评：定语从句结构，突出语法考点。 4. 高阶复合句（in order to 目的从句） In order to get out of trouble, we must take immediate action. 点评：目的状语结构，正式书面语，议论文优选。 5. 高分优化版（比喻修辞+分词结构） Like brave fighters, we take positive action once difficulties arise around us. 点评：比喻生动，句式灵活，提升文章文采。 第5组 主题：提升自我，胜任挑战 原句：持续学习能让我们变得更加优秀，胜任各类挑战。 1. 简单句（入门版） Learning makes us better. 2. 并列句（过渡版） We keep learning, and we become qualified for different challenges. 3. 常规复合句（时间状语从句） When we keep learning day by day, we will be qualified for all challenges. 4. 高阶复合句（as long as 条件从句） As long as we keep learning, we will be qualified to face any difficulty. 5. 高分优化版（总结句式+高级词汇） Constant learning polishes our ability and makes us fully qualified for all kinds of challenges. Unit 2 情感心态、人际关系与生活百态 词汇分层标注 写作核心词汇（必背、反复仿写） weaken, pessimistic, anticipate, possession, abnormal, widespread, recognition, cooperate, pure, transparent, despair, luxury 重点短语：be reunited with 认读词汇（阅读识别即可，无需刻意默写） fee, outstretched, cram, vexed, absurd, lean, Madame, stroke, instinctively, instinctive, phrase 本单元【一词多义】（高考高频，易望文生义） 1.  Weaken v.（使）虚弱；削弱（身体、意志、关系，读写两用） 例句：Longterm pressure will weaken both body and mind. 长期压力会消磨人的身心。 2. possession n. 财产，财物（单元本义） n. 拥有；占有（抽象义，写作高频） 搭配：in possession of / in the possession of 拥有 例句：True happiness never lies in material possessions. 真正的幸福不在于物质财富。 3. pure adj. 纯净的，洁净的（形容实物） adj. 纯粹的；真诚的（形容情感、心灵，写作加分义） 例句：She owns a pure and kind heart. 她心地善良纯粹。 4. transparent adj. 透明的（形容实物） adj. 坦诚的；公开的（形容态度、制度，写作拓展义） 例句：Good friendship needs transparent communication between each other. 美好的友谊需要彼此坦诚相待。 5. stroke v. 轻抚，抚摸（动作本义） n. 中风；一击（阅读生僻义） 高考通用谚语&地道短句（适配本单元：心态、情绪、合作、人际关系主题） 1. Look on the bright side. 翻译：往好处想。（对抗悲观心态） 2. Two heads are better than one. 翻译：三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。（团队合作） 3. Hope for the best, prepare for the worst. 翻译：抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。（预判、心态调整） 4. Money is not everything. 翻译：金钱并非万能。（物质、奢华话题） 5. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 翻译：患难见真情。（人际交往、亲友重聚） 6. Never despair. 翻译：永不绝望。（直面困境） 7. Honesty is the best policy. 翻译：诚信为本。（坦诚待人） 8. Joy shared is joy doubled. 翻译：欢乐与人分享，快乐加倍。（情感交流） 9. Keep a positive mind. 翻译：保持积极心态。（心态类通用句） 10. Birds of a feather flock together. 翻译：物以类聚，人以群分。（人际交往） 第一部分 英译汉练习（阅读认读专项） 一、单句翻译（简单句+长难句，融入比喻/拟人修辞） 简单句（基础认读） 1. Time will never weaken the bond between true friends. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Don't be too pessimistic about the future of life. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 3. We anticipate great changes in the coming new year. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 4. He values spiritual wealth far more than material possessions. 5. Abnormal weather has become widespread in recent years. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 6. His hard work has won wide public recognition. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 7. We choose to cooperate to finish the tough task together. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Students need to pay university fees for further study. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 9. She stood there with outstretched arms, waiting for relatives.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 10. The hall was crammed with guests during the big party. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 11. Pure water and fresh air are necessities for all living things. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 12. The transparent glass makes the whole room bright.（比喻） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 13. He felt quite vexed after hearing those unreasonable words. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 14. It is absurd to believe such ridiculous stories. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 15. She leaned against the wall and fell into deep thought. 16. The lady stroked the cat gently and wore a soft smile. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 17. People instinctively run away when facing great danger. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 18. Never fall into despair when you meet failures. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 19. A luxury life cannot bring lasting happiness. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 20. At last, she was happily reunited with her longlost family. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 长难句（阅读拔高，含复合结构+修辞） 21. Widespread bad moods will affect everyone around, so we should learn to adjust ourselves.（对比修辞） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 22. True recognition comes from personal strength rather than expensive luxury possessions. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 23. We cooperate closely and anticipate a better future hand in hand. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 24. Though the outside world is noisy, we can keep a pure and transparent heart.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Some abnormal phenomena may make us vexed, but never turn pessimistic or desperate. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 26. She leaned against the tree and stroked the leaves, instinctively missing her hometown. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 二、话题短文翻译（整合词汇 + 修辞运用） 短文1 心态调节与直面生活 Life is full of ups and downs. Some people turn pessimistic when difficulties come, and their courage gradually weakens. We should anticipate possible troubles ahead and never fall into despair. Some people blindly pursue luxury and endless material possessions, which will bring abnormal moods. Bad feelings may spread and become widespread around us. At such moments, choose to look on the bright side. Keep your heart pure and transparent. Don't be vexed by trivial things, and never believe absurd remarks. Remember: hope for the best, prepare for the worst. A positive attitude is the most precious treasure in life. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 短文2 人际交往与携手同行 It is a great joy to be reunited with old friends. The room is crammed with laughter and warm talks. We lean on each other and share stories, and instinctively feel warm and peaceful. Good relationships will win sincere recognition from others. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When facing tough work or challenges, we choose to cooperate. No one can live well alone in the world. Don't let selfishness weaken your friendship. Keep sincere communication and treat others honestly. As the saying goes, two heads are better than one. Joint efforts will help us go through all hard times together. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分 汉译英练习（5梯度句式 + 点评 + 修辞/谚语活用） 第1组 主题：拒绝悲观，乐观生活 原句：我们应当摆脱悲观情绪，以积极心态面对生活。 1. 简单句（入门版） We stay positive in life. 点评：基础句式，表意简洁。 2. 并列句（过渡版） We should not be pessimistic and face life bravely. 点评：活用核心词 pessimistic，贴合课本词汇。 3. 常规复合句（定语从句） The pessimistic mood that troubles us should be got rid of actively. 点评：定语从句，课内标准语法结构。 4. 高阶复合句（while 对比从句） While life has difficulties, we never keep a pessimistic attitude. 点评：对比从句增强逻辑，书面风格突出。 5. 高分优化版（谚语引用+比喻修辞） As we look on the bright side, we cast away pessimism and greet life with passion. 点评：谚语搭配比喻，语言优美，适合作文开篇。 第2组 主题：团结合作，共渡难关 原句：人与人之间相互合作，才能攻克重重困难。 1. 简单句（入门版） We cooperate to beat difficulties. 2. 并列句（过渡版） People cooperate with each other, and they can overcome all troubles. 点评：活用单元动词 cooperate，考点明确。 3. 常规复合句（it 形式主语） It is necessary for people to cooperate to get through difficulties. 点评：高考高频it形式主语句型，得分基础句式。 4. 高阶复合句（which 非限制性定语从句） We cooperate closely, which helps us deal with all kinds of difficulties. 点评：非限制性定语从句，句式复杂度提升。 5. 高分优化版（谚语+并列结构） As the saying goes, two heads are better than one; cooperation helps us overcome all hardships. 点评：结合经典谚语，适合主旨论证段落。 第3组 主题：看淡物质，坚守本心 原句：过度追逐财富与奢华，反而会让人迷失自我。 1. 简单句（入门版） Too much wealth confuses people. 2. 并列句（过渡版） People run after possessions and luxury, and they lose themselves. 点评：活用 possession、luxury 核心词汇。 3. 常规复合句（状语从句） If people pursue material possessions blindly, they will lose their true self. 4. 高阶复合句（now that 原因从句） Now that luxury cannot bring real happiness, we should keep a pure heart. 5. 高分优化版（拟人修辞+总结句式） Chasing endless possessions and luxury weakens our mind and makes us lose direction. 第4组 主题：心怀希望，永不绝望 原句：纵使前路坎坷，我们也不能陷入绝望。 1. 简单句（入门版） We never feel desperate. 2. 并列句（过渡版） The road ahead is hard, but we will not fall into despair. 3. 常规复合句（定语从句） We will never give way to despair when we meet hard roads ahead. 4. 高阶复合句（although 让步从句） Although we face many difficulties, we refuse to sink into despair. 5. 高分优化版（谚语+分词结构） Keeping hope in mind, we never fall into despair, just as the saying goes, never despair. 第5组 主题：真诚待人，坦诚相处 原句：真诚坦荡的相处方式，能收获他人的认可与信赖。 1. 简单句（入门版） Honesty wins others' trust. 2. 并列句（过渡版） We are pure and transparent, so we gain others' recognition. 3. 常规复合句（条件状语从句） If we treat others transparently, we will win wide recognition. 4. 高阶复合句（as long as 条件从句） As long as we keep sincere and transparent, we will get others' recognition. 5. 高分优化版（比喻修辞） Like clear spring, transparent and sincere communication brings us lasting recognition and friendship. 附加总结（背诵&使用指南） 1. 一词多义使用建议 阅读：优先记忆单词本义，结合上下文区分引申义； 写作：重点掌握拓展高分词义与固定搭配，提升作文档次。 2. 谚语/俚语使用场景 开头：选用主题谚语引出观点；中间用谚语辅助论证；结尾用谚语升华主旨。 3. 修辞运用 文中比喻、拟人例句可直接摘抄仿写，提升记叙文、议论文文采。 4. 词汇分层执行 写作词：坚持默写、造句、仿写；认读词：熟读认义即可，无需逐词默写。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版选择性必修4 Unit3+Unit4 句子翻译专项 整体补充说明 1. 修辞：短文、例句中融入比喻、拟人，提升语感与写作文采； 2. 谚语集锦：精选高考通用谚语/俚语，用词简单、不易望文生义，适合作文首尾段、主旨升华； 3. 一词多义：提取本单元高频多义词，区分阅读义&写作义、易错题解析； 4. 词汇分层：明确认读词汇（仅阅读识别）& 写作核心词汇（反复背诵运用）。 Unit 3 地域文化、艺术瑰宝与文化交流 词汇分层标注 写作核心词汇（必背、反复仿写） glorious, boast, testimony, strengthen, prior, genius, enormous, religious, scholar, historian 重点短语：gateway, prior to 认读词汇（阅读识别即可，无需刻意默写） oasis, grotto, statue, mural, immortal, heavenly, peak, Taoist priest, scroll, ceramics, crossroads, expo, coverage, department, institute, Sinologist, temple, tune, shepherd, chamber, romance, kingdom, stratagem 专有名词：I Ching, The Analects, Apsaras 本单元【一词多义】 1. boast v.（地方/机构）坐拥、拥有（褒义，写作高频）；吹嘘（贬义，阅读） 例句：This ancient city boasts a long splendid history. 这座古城拥有悠久灿烂的历史。 2. strengthen v. 加强；巩固（关系、文化、信念，读写通用） 例句：Cultural exchanges strengthen the bond between nations. 文化交流增进国家间的联系。 3. prior adj. 先前的；较早的 搭配 prior to 在……之前（高考高频短语） 4. peak n. 山峰（本义）；巅峰、鼎盛时期（写作引申义） 5. testimony n. 证据；见证（正式书面用语，作文加分） 高考通用谚语&地道短句（文化、艺术、交流主题） 1. Culture is the soul of a nation. 文化是民族之魂。 2. Art knows no borders. 艺术无国界。 3. History is the best teacher. 历史是最好的老师。 4. Learning makes progress. 学无止境。 5. Unity in diversity. 和而不同。 6. Past experience is the foundation of future success. 前车之鉴，后事之师。 7. A nation without culture has no future. 无文化之民族无未来。 8. Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。 9. Keep tradition alive. 传承经典。 10. Many cultures make a colorful world. 多元文化造就多彩世界。 第一部分 英译汉练习 一、单句翻译（简单句+长难句，含比喻、拟人） 简单句 1. This place is a gateway to splendid eastern culture.（比喻） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The desert oasis looks like a bright pearl. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 3. The ancient town boasts glorious traditional arts. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 4. The stone statues and murals are precious cultural treasures. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 5. These relics are testimony to ancient people's wisdom. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Religious culture has existed here for thousands of years. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Apsaras and immortals are classic artistic images. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 8. His career reached the peak in his fifties. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Taoist priests live a quiet life in the old temple. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Ancient scrolls and fine ceramics attract lots of visitors. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The city becomes a cultural crossroads.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 12. The international expo greatly promotes cultural communication. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 13. News coverage spreads local culture to the world. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Famous scholars work in university institutes and departments. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Sinologists study I Ching and The Analects all year round. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 16. The old tune sung by the shepherd sounds peaceful. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 17. Prior to the festival, people prepared for cultural activities. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 18. He is a man of great genius in historical research. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 19. The palace has an enormous hall and elegant chambers. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 20. Ancient romances and stratagems are recorded in history books. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 长难句 21. Heavenly art and religious culture blend together and form a unique local style.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 22. Prior to the expo, scholars spent months preparing for cultural exchange activities. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 23. The huge grotto group boasts countless murals, which are solid testimony to ancient art.（比喻） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 24. Continuous cultural exchange can strengthen friendship between different nations. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Historians record old stories of kingdoms and clever stratagems in detail. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 26. Great genius and hard work help people understand ancient civilization better. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 二、话题短文翻译 短文1 丝路风物与文化瑰宝 As a famous gateway to the west, this land has many oases and glorious scenery. Ancient grottoes stand quietly, housing vivid statues and wonderful murals. Religious culture and the image of Apsaras and immortals have become local symbols. The area boasts enormous cultural wealth, and every relic is testimony to ancient wisdom. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Prior to modern times, scrolls, ceramics and old tunes were passed down from generation to generation. Shepherds, historians and scholars devote themselves to cultural protection. International expos and wide news coverage strengthen cultural links across the world. Remember: Art knows no borders. Different cultures communicate and grow together. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 短文2 文化交融与文明传承 This ancient city is an important cultural crossroads. Various kingdoms, romances and stratagems are kept in historical records. Many Sinologists and experts from different institutes study I Ching and The Analects day and night. Their great genius helps the world learn more about eastern culture. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Temples, Taoist culture and elegant art make the land charming. We should carry forward glorious traditions and strengthen cultural inheritance. The peak of art will never fade. As the saying goes, culture is the soul of a nation. Protect cultural treasures, and our civilization will last forever. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分 汉译英练习（5梯度句式+点评） 第1组 主题：文化交流，增进联结 原句：文化交流能够加强各国之间的理解与友谊。 1. 简单句 Cultural exchange connects different countries. 点评：基础句式，简洁易懂。 2. 并列句 Cultural exchange strengthens understanding and friendship between nations. 点评：活用核心词 strengthen，贴合单元考点。 3. 常规复合句 The cultural exchange that we carry on strengthens international friendship. 点评：定语从句，课内标准语法结构。 4. 高阶复合句 Since cultural exchange is vital, it strengthens mutual understanding greatly. 点评：原因状语从句，书面语气正式。 5. 高分优化版 As art knows no borders, cultural exchange acts as a bridge to strengthen international bonds. 点评：谚语+比喻，文采突出，作文加分。 第2组 主题：历史遗存，文明见证 原句：这些古迹与艺术品，都是古老文明的有力见证。 1. 简单句 Relics show ancient civilization. 2. 并列句 Ancient relics and artworks are testimony to old civilization. 点评：活用 testimony 核心词汇。 3. 常规复合句 The ancient relics we see are clear testimony to ancient civilization. 4. 高阶复合句 We have many artworks, which are solid testimony to our long civilization. 5. 高分优化版 Standing for thousands of years, ancient relics are firm testimony to brilliant ancient civilization. 第3组 主题：一方水土，坐拥风华 原句：这座古城拥有灿烂的历史与丰富多彩的传统文化。 1. 简单句 The old city has a long history. 2. 并列句 This ancient city boasts glorious history and rich traditional culture. 点评：活用重点动词 boast。 3. 常规复合句 As a famous ancient city, it boasts glorious history and diverse culture. 4. 高阶复合句 Though time passes, the old city still boasts glorious traditional culture. 5. 高分优化版 Like an old poet, this ancient city boasts glorious history and colorful traditional culture. 第4组 主题：以史为鉴，继往开来 原句：借鉴过往的经验，能帮助我们走向新的辉煌。 1. 简单句 Past experience helps us succeed. 2. 并列句 We learn from prior experience and create new glory. 3. 常规复合句 If we draw lessons from prior experience, we will achieve new success. 4. 高阶复合句 As long as we value prior experience, we will reach new glory. 5. 高分优化版 Drawing lessons from prior experience, we march toward new glory, as history is the best teacher. 第5组 主题：传承文化，守护民族灵魂 原句：传承优秀传统文化，就是守护民族的灵魂。 1. 简单句 We inherit traditional culture. 2. 并列句 We pass down fine culture and protect our national soul. 3. 常规复合句 The fine traditional culture that we inherit is our national soul. 4. 高阶复合句 Now that culture is the soul of a nation, we must inherit it well. 5. 高分优化版 As culture is the soul of a nation, inheriting fine traditions is protecting our root and soul. 附加总结 1. 一词多义：写作优先使用 boast(拥有)、strengthen、prior to、testimony 拓展义与搭配；阅读区分单词不同语境含义。 2. 谚语：开篇用文化类名句，中间论证、结尾升华均可选用对应谚语。 3. 修辞：文中比喻、拟人句可直接摘抄，用于文化、历史类作文。 4. 词汇：写作词坚持默写造句；认读词做到见词识义即可。 Unit 4 创业经营、财务收支与职场生活 词汇分层标注 写作核心词汇（必背、反复仿写） potential, obstacle, phase, purchase, distribution, conventional, discriminate, superior, rational, exceed, accumulate, interfere, financial, expense, abuse 重点短语：make ends meet, interfere with, go into debt, at the expense of, rent out 认读词汇（阅读识别即可，无需刻意默写） forehead, blank, dizzy, chairwoman, sunrise, bug, enterprising, input, manufacturer, cosmetics, bonus, entrepreneurial, guidance, consultant, equator, estate, mild, calorie, subjective, freshman, afloat, automatically, toddler, sorrow, frustration, hire, designer clothes, supervision, theft 本单元【一词多义】 1. potential n. 潜力；可能性（写作核心）；adj. 潜在的 例句：Young people have great creative potential. 年轻人拥有巨大创新潜力。 2. purchase v. 购买（正式书面词，替代buy，作文加分）；n. 采购 3. phase n. 阶段、时期（事件/项目/人生，高频考点） 4. exceed v. 超过；超出（数量、标准、能力） 5. expense n. 费用、开支；搭配 at the expense of 以……为代价（写作高频短语） 高考通用谚语&地道短句（创业、理财、职场主题） 1. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 2. Every coin has two sides. 事物皆有两面性。 3. Save for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪，勤俭备荒。 4. No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘，一分收获。 5. Honesty is the best policy. 诚信为本。 6. Think rationally, act wisely. 理性思考，明智行事。 7. Rome was not built in a day. 罗马非一日建成。 8. Don't put all your eggs in one basket. 不要孤注一掷。 9. Hard work pays off. 努力终有回报。 10. Fair competition brings progress. 公平竞争促发展。 第一部分 英译汉练习 一、单句翻译（简单句+长难句，含比喻、拟人） 简单句 1. He touched his forehead, looking blank and dizzy. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The chairwoman watched the beautiful sunrise quietly.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Young people have great potential in business creation. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 4. He has a new bug for designing new products. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Enterprising people keep making inputs for their career. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 6. We must overcome all obstacles on the road to success. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 7. The project has entered an important new phase. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 8. This manufacturer produces highquality cosmetics. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Customers purchase goods and enjoy convenient distribution. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Hard work brings extra bonus to every employee. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 11. He has strong entrepreneurial spirit and rich experience. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Professional guidance and consultants help us avoid mistakes. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 13. We should break conventional thinking and make innovations. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 14. We must not discriminate against anyone in work. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Their products are superior to ordinary goods.（比喻） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 16. The food tastes mild and contains low calories. 17. Different people hold subjective views on the same thing. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 18. As a freshman, he learns to make ends meet. 19. Good management keeps the company afloat. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 20. Don't let others interfere with your work. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 长难句 21. Wealth accumulates automatically, but we should never go into debt blindly.（对比） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 22. Toddlers' sorrow and frustration reflect ordinary families' financial pressure. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 23. Some people hire goods and rent out houses to increase extra income. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 24. Strict supervision stops abuse of power and prevents theft in the workplace. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Rational decisions will not exceed limits at the expense of longterm benefits. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 26. Every career has difficulties, but enterprising people will move forward bravely.（拟人） 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 二、话题短文翻译 短文1 创业奋斗与职业成长 Running a business is like climbing a high mountain.（比喻）We need to dig out inner potential and overcome various obstacles. Every career has different phases. Enterprising young people keep making inputs and learn from professional consultants. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Break conventional ideas and refuse to discriminate against others. Provide superior products and perfect distribution for customers. We purchase materials carefully and control every expense. Never interfere with others' work, nor abuse power for personal gain. Remember: No pains, no gains. Hard work will finally pay off. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 短文2 理性理财与收支平衡 Many families face financial pressure in daily life. We have to learn to make ends meet and stay afloat. Wealth cannot accumulate overnight, so we should save for a rainy day. Never go into debt easily or spend money recklessly. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Some people earn extra money by renting out houses. But we must stay rational and not seek interests at the expense of morality. Theft and abuse will ruin everything. Frustration and sorrow may come across us, but do not give up. As the saying goes, Rome was not built in a day. Steady efforts will create a better life. 翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分 汉译英练习（5梯度句式+点评） 第1组 主题：挖掘潜力，突破阻碍 原句：我们要充分挖掘自身潜力，勇敢战胜前路阻碍。 1. 简单句 We use our potential and beat difficulties. 2. 并列句 We explore our full potential and overcome all obstacles bravely. 点评：活用 potential、obstacle 核心词汇。 3. 常规复合句 The potential that we have helps us get rid of all obstacles. 4. 高阶复合句 As long as we explore our potential, we can overcome any obstacle. 5. 高分优化版 As where there is a will, there is a way; we dig out our potential to break through all obstacles. 第2组 主题：日积月累，稳步发展 原句：财富与经验都需要日复一日地慢慢积累。 1. 简单句 We accumulate wealth and experience. 2. 并列句 Wealth and experience accumulate little by little day after day. 点评：活用核心动词 accumulate。 3. 常规复合句 As time goes by, we accumulate wealth and valuable experience. 4. 高阶复合句 Though progress is slow, we still keep accumulating wealth and experience. 5. 高分优化版 As Rome was not built in a day, we keep accumulating wealth and experience step by step. 第3组 主题：理性处事，拒绝干扰 原句：面对选择保持理性，不要让外界干扰自己的判断。 1. 简单句 We stay rational and don't be disturbed. 2. 并列句 We keep rational and never let others interfere with our judgment. 点评：活用 rational、interfere with 重点短语。 3. 常规复合句 The rational mind stops outside things from interfering with us. 4. 高阶复合句 When we face choices, we stay rational and resist outside interference. 5. 高分优化版 Keeping a rational mind, we never let outside voices interfere with our right judgment. 第4组 主题：量入为出，收支平衡 原句：合理控制开支，我们才能维持收支平衡。 1. 简单句 Control costs to balance income. 2. 并列句 We control expenses properly, so we can make ends meet. 点评：活用 expense、make ends meet 高频短语。 3. 常规复合句 If we control expenses well, we will easily make ends meet. 4. 高阶复合句 In order to make ends meet, we must control daily expenses strictly. 5. 高分优化版 To save for a rainy day, we control reasonable expenses and keep making ends meet. 第5组 主题：公平竞争，诚信经营 原句：我们应公平竞争，反对歧视与不正当牟利。 1. 简单句 We compete fairly. 2. 并列句 We compete fairly and oppose discrimination and illegal gains. 3. 常规复合句 The fair competition that we stick to keeps away discrimination. 4. 高阶复合句 Although competition is fierce, we refuse to discriminate or seek improper profits. 5. 高分优化版 Following the rule of honesty, we compete fairly and firmly oppose discrimination and abuse. 附加总结 1. 一词多义：重点掌握 potential、purchase、phase、exceed 及短语 make ends meet、at the expense of，是写作提分重点。 2. 谚语：创业、理财、职场作文可按需选用，开头引出话题、结尾升华。 3. 修辞：比喻、拟人例句可直接仿写，适用于职场、奋斗类议论文。 4. 词汇：写作词汇坚持背诵运用；认读词汇做到阅读快速识别即可。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $