期末语法复习（现在完成时和过去进行时）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册期末复习（人教版）

**基本信息** 以结构化语法梳理为核心，通过对比呈现与梯度训练，系统突破现在完成时与过去进行时的用法辨析与应用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法梳理|2时态×3维度（用法/结构/标志词）|对比呈现两种时态的核心要素（用法+结构+时间标志词）|从概念（用法）到形式（结构）再到语境提示（标志词）的递进| |题型训练|单选40题（时态辨析）+拼写20题（时态填空）|通过语境辨析时态（如while引导的时间对比、since/for的时间延续）|从识别（单选）到应用（拼写）的能力进阶，覆盖高频考点与易错点|

班级 姓名 学号 分数 期末语法复习 现在完成时和过去进行时 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 过去进行时 用法 ①表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作 ②表示过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作 结构 主语 + be（was/ were） + 现在分词 + 其它 时间标志词 ①at that time ②this time yesterday ③过去某一个具体时间点 现在完成时 用法 ①表示过去的行为对现在产生的影响 ②表示过去的某一动作/状态一直持续到现在 结构 主语 + have/ has + 过去分词 + 其它 （主语是第三人称单数时用 has） 时间标志词 ①already （肯定句） ②yet （疑问句/否定句） ③so far ④since + 时间点 ⑤for + 时间段 ⑥recently 一、单项选择(本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共60分) 1．While I ________ the bus, I saw an old man fall down suddenly. A．wait for B．am waiting for C．was waiting for D．waited for 2．—I called you at 8:00 last night, but nobody answered. —Oh, I ________ a shower at that time. A．was taking B．took C．am taking D．take 3．My mother ________ dinner in the kitchen when I got home yesterday. A．cooks B．cooked C．was cooking D．has cooked 4．My mother _______ clothes at seven o’ clock yesterday evening. A．washes B．washed C．was washing D．is washing 5．—________ you ________ when the earthquake started last night? —Yes, I was just about to fall asleep. A．Did; sleep B．Were; sleeping C．Are; sleeping D．Do; sleep 6．I saw Tom in the library yesterday. He ________ a book at that time. A．is reading B．was reading C．reads D．will read 7．It ________ heavily when we left school yesterday. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．was raining 8．When I called her, she ________ homework at home. A．does B．did C．was doing D．is doing 9．—Why didn’t you answer my phone call, David? —I’m sorry, but I ________ then. A．drove B．was driving C．have driven D．is driving 10．At this time last Monday, we ________ an English class. A．have B．had C．are having D．were having 11．—The date May 12th is unforgettable to most people in Sichuan. —That’s true. My parents can still remember what they ________ when that earthquake happened. A．are doing B．did C．were doing D．have done 12．My family ________ dinner when the heavy rainstorm ________. A．had, started B．were having, started C．had, was starting 13．My father asked me ________ I ________ with my friends at that time yesterday. A．what; am doing B．what; was doing C．where; am doing D．where; was doing 14．When I entered the meeting room, Ken ________ Joe for the school newspaper. A．interviews B．interviewed C．was interviewing 15．They ________in the snow when a boy ________over. A．played; was falling B．were playing; fell C．were playing; was falling D．played; fell 16．—Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday? —I ________ a report about Heilongjiang’s wetland protection at that time. A．write B．wrote C．was writing D．have written 17．—Alex, why didn’t you answer my call at nine last night? —Sorry. I ________ my mobile phone at home. I ________ basketball in the park with my friends. A．forgot; played B．forgot; was playing C．left; played D．left; was playing 18．—What were you doing at half past four yesterday afternoon, Jim? —I ________ lessons in my bedroom. A．am reviewing B．have reviewed C．was reviewing D．will review 19．I didn’t hear what Jane said because I ________ to the news on the radio. A．am listening B．was listening C．listen D．have listened 20．— Why didn’t you go out yesterday? — Because it ________ heavily all day. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．was raining 21．The little girl has ________ a lot of help to the community since last year. A．give B．gave C．given D．giving 22．—________ you ever read Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland? —No, I haven’t. A．Do B．Did C．Have D．Will 23．— Have you ________ been to a magical world in stories? — No, never. A．ever B．just C．yet D．already 24．I have never ________ this book, but I have watched the movie. A．read B．readed C．reading D．reads 25．I ________ Lily’s dictionary for one week. I need to return it to her next Friday. A．borrow B．borrowed C．have kept D．have borrowed 26．—Have you ever ________ the nursing home to help the old people? —Yes. I ________ there to teach them how to use smartphones last Sunday. A．been to; went B．gone to; went C．been to; have gone D．gone to; have been 27．My uncle is a member of the Blue Sky Rescue team. He ________ the team since 2018. A．has joined B．has been in C．joined D．was in 28．—Would you like something to eat? —No,thanks. I ________ breakfast this morning. A．ate B．was having C．have eaten D．eat 29．—Why are you so happy? —I ________ the science project, and I think I did a really good job. A．am completing B．will complete C．have completed D．was completing 30．—What do you think of the book “Robinson Crusoe”? —It’s a wonderful book. I ________ reading it already. A．finish B．finished C．have finished D．will finish 31．Has the enemy ________ its plan to destroy the building? A．defeat B．defeated C．defeats D．defeating 32．The volunteer ________ three donations for the shelter already. A．collect B．has collected C．collects D．collected 33．—Daniel has ________ to Turkey. How can I keep in touch with him? —Don’t worry. I’m sure he will call you when he ________ back. A．gone; will come B．gone; comes C．been; will come D．been; comes 34．People ________ the practical life-saving cage for missing pets so far. A．use B．used C．have used D．uses 35．This gentle girl ________ anybody’s help since she lost her parents. A．refuse B．refused C．has refused D．refuses 36．People ________ the painful experience hidden in history for a long time. A．forget B．forgot C．have forgotten D．will forget 37．The lost boy ________ his way home with the librarian’s help so far. A．find B．found C．has found D．finds 38．The policeman ________ nobody has stolen the bone from the lab so far. A．prove B．has proved C．proved D．proves 39．The writer ________ literary idioms recently for his new book. A．look for B．looked for C．has looked for D．will look for 40．Since 2018, American writers ________ the climax of this literary story. A．create B．created C．have created D．will create 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 41．They ________ (row) boats while we were climbing the hill. 42．What a terrible accident! Perhaps the driver ________ (make) a telephone call to others. 43．The teacher questioned what we ________ (talk) about in the classroom just now. 44．The boy his mother cared too much about ________ (lie) on the sofa when I entered the room. 45．My mother ________ (wash) clothes at this time last Sunday. 46．While we ________ (discuss) the problem, the teacher came in. 47．She ________ (download) a movie when her mother called her. 48．Pardon? I ________ (answer) a text message so I didn’t hear you. 49．The children ________ (hide) behind the tree when we found them. 50．Last month, she called me and told me she ________ (tidy) up the classrooms for the children the whole week. 51．Scientists have ________ (prove) that regular exercise improves both physical and mental health over the past decades. 52．She has never ________ (hear) of the writer H.G. Wells before. 53．She has ________ (forget) the key on the table and can’t reach it. 54．She has always ________ (prefer) books to movies. 55．My aunt has been ________ (marry) for ten years. 56．Over 60,000 tons of nuclear-contaminated water ________ (pour) into the sea by Japan since Aug. 24, 2023. 57．The workers ________ (build) several new roads in this area recently. 58．Lily and Lucy have already ________ (join) the school volunteer club to help the old. 59．She has never ________ (miss) the school bus since the new term started. 60．The teacher ________ (plan) a volunteer trip to the countryside already. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 期末语法复习 现在完成时和过去进行时 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 过去进行时 用法 ①表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作 ②表示过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作 结构 主语 + be（was/ were） + 现在分词 + 其它 时间标志词 ①at that time ②this time yesterday ③过去某一个具体时间点 现在完成时 用法 ①表示过去的行为对现在产生的影响 ②表示过去的某一动作/状态一直持续到现在 结构 主语 + have/ has + 过去分词 + 其它 （主语是第三人称单数时用 has） 时间标志词 ①already （肯定句） ②yet （疑问句/否定句） ③so far ④since + 时间点 ⑤for + 时间段 ⑥recently 一、单项选择(本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共60分) 1．While I ________ the bus, I saw an old man fall down suddenly. A．wait for B．am waiting for C．was waiting for D．waited for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我正在等公交车的时候，我看到一位老人突然摔倒了。 主句谓语动词saw是一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；while引导的时间状语从句强调动作的持续性，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时(was/were+doing)；主语是I，be动词用was。应填was waiting for。 2．—I called you at 8:00 last night, but nobody answered. —Oh, I ________ a shower at that time. A．was taking B．took C．am taking D．take 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——昨晚8点我给你打电话，但没人接。——哦，那时我正在洗澡。 was taking过去进行时；took动词过去式；am taking现在进行时；take动词原形。根据“at 8:00 last night”和“at that time”可知，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。故填was taking。 3．My mother ________ dinner in the kitchen when I got home yesterday. A．cooks B．cooked C．was cooking D．has cooked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我昨天到家时，妈妈正在厨房做晚饭。 when引导的时间状语从句表示过去某个时间点，主句描述当时正在发生的动作，用过去进行时“was/were+现在分词”。主语My mother是第三人称单数，be动词用was。 4．My mother _______ clothes at seven o’ clock yesterday evening. A．washes B．washed C．was washing D．is washing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天晚上七点我妈妈正在洗衣服。 washes洗（一般现在时）；washed洗（一般过去时）；was washing正在洗（过去进行时）；is washing正在洗（现在进行时）。根据时间状语“at seven o’clock yesterday evening”可知，此处表示过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语My mother为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故选C。 5．—________ you ________ when the earthquake started last night? —Yes, I was just about to fall asleep. A．Did; sleep B．Were; sleeping C．Are; sleeping D．Do; sleep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——昨晚地震开始的时候你正在睡觉吗？——是的，我正要睡着。 根据时间状语“when the earthquake started last night”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。主语为you，be动词用were。应填Were; sleeping。 6．I saw Tom in the library yesterday. He ________ a book at that time. A．is reading B．was reading C．reads D．will read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我昨天在图书馆看见汤姆了。那时他正在看书。 根据“I saw Tom in the library yesterday.”和时间状语“at that time”指代过去某一时刻，可知描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，应填was reading。 7．It ________ heavily when we left school yesterday. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．was raining 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天当我们离开学校的时候，天正在下大雨。 时间状语“when we left school yesterday”说明主句动作发生在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应填过去进行时was raining。 8．When I called her, she ________ homework at home. A．does B．did C．was doing D．is doing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我给她打电话时，她正在家里做作业。 根据从句“When I called her”中的called可知，动作发生在过去，when引导的时间状语表示过去某个具体时间点，主句应用过去进行时表示当时正在进行的动作，主语she为第三人称单数，be动词用was。应填was doing。 9．—Why didn’t you answer my phone call, David? —I’m sorry, but I ________ then. A．drove B．was driving C．have driven D．is driving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——大卫，你为什么不接我的电话？——对不起，但我那时正在开车。 根据问句“Why didn’t you answer...”可知，动作发生在过去，结合答语中的时间状语“then”可知，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。应填was driving。 10．At this time last Monday, we ________ an English class. A．have B．had C．are having D．were having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上周一这个时候，我们正在上英语课。 根据时间状语“At this time last Monday”可知，表示过去某一特定时刻正在进行的动作，应使用过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing。主语we是复数，be动词用were，故选D。 11．—The date May 12th is unforgettable to most people in Sichuan. —That’s true. My parents can still remember what they ________ when that earthquake happened. A．are doing B．did C．were doing D．have done 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——5月12日对于大多数四川人来说是难以忘记的。——是真的。我父母仍然记得当地震发生时他们正在做什么。 根据“when that earthquake happened”可知，此处表示当地震发生时他们正在做什么，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语they是复数形式，be动词用were，应填were doing。 12．My family ________ dinner when the heavy rainstorm ________. A．had, started B．were having, started C．had, was starting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当暴雨开始时，我们一家人正在吃晚饭。 when引导的时间状语从句中，常用一般过去时表示突然发生的短暂性动作，主句常用过去进行时表示当时正在进行的背景动作，结构为“was/were doing sth. when... did sth.”。第一空表示正在进行的动作，用were having；第二空表示突然发生的动作，用started。应填were having；started。 13．My father asked me ________ I ________ with my friends at that time yesterday. A．what; am doing B．what; was doing C．where; am doing D．where; was doing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爸爸问我昨天那个时候正在和朋友们做什么。 what什么；where哪里；am doing现在进行时；was doing过去进行时。根据主句动词asked为一般过去时和时间状语at that time yesterday可知，宾语从句需使用过去进行时，结合句子询问具体行为的语境，应填what; was doing。 14．When I entered the meeting room, Ken ________ Joe for the school newspaper. A．interviews B．interviewed C．was interviewing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我进入会议室时，Ken正为学校报纸采访乔。 根据“When I entered the meeting room”可知，主句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，主语是Ken，be动词用was，应填was interviewing。 15．They ________in the snow when a boy ________over. A．played; was falling B．were playing; fell C．were playing; was falling D．played; fell 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当一个男孩摔倒时，他们正在雪地里玩耍。 考查时态。根据“They...in the snow when a boy...over.”可知，主句动作“在雪地里玩耍”是持续进行的背景动作，应用过去进行时was/were doing；从句动作“一个男孩摔倒”是短暂发生的动作，打断主句动作，应用一般过去时。故选B。 16．—Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday? —I ________ a report about Heilongjiang’s wetland protection at that time. A．write B．wrote C．was writing D．have written 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天你为什么不接我的电话？——那时我正在写一份关于黑龙江湿地保护的报告。 考查过去进行时。根据“Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday?”和“at that time”可知，此处强调动作正在进行，因此应使用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were + doing”，主语是“I”，所以此处用was。故选C。 17．—Alex, why didn’t you answer my call at nine last night? —Sorry. I ________ my mobile phone at home. I ________ basketball in the park with my friends. A．forgot; played B．forgot; was playing C．left; played D．left; was playing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Alex，昨晚九点你为什么没接我的电话？——对不起。我把手机落在家里了。我正在公园和我的朋友们打篮球。 考查动词辨析和时态。forget忘记 (侧重忘记某事)；leave落下 (侧重把某物落在某地)。第一个空表示手机落在家里，用“left”。根据“at nine last night”可知，此处指过去某一具体时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时“was playing”。故选D。 18．—What were you doing at half past four yesterday afternoon, Jim? —I ________ lessons in my bedroom. A．am reviewing B．have reviewed C．was reviewing D．will review 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——吉姆，昨天下午四点半你正在做什么？——我正在卧室里复习功课。 考查动词时态。am reviewing现在进行时；have reviewed现在完成时；was reviewing过去进行时；will review一般将来时。根据“What were you doing at half past four yesterday afternoon, Jim?”可知，问句询问过去某一时间点正在做的事情，所以时态为过去进行时，故选C。 19．I didn’t hear what Jane said because I ________ to the news on the radio. A．am listening B．was listening C．listen D．have listened 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我没有听到Jane说什么，因为我在听收音机上的新闻。 考查动词的时态。根据“I didn’t hear what Jane said because I...to the news on the radio.”可知，主句“didn’t hear”为一般过去时，表示过去未听到的动作；原因从句需描述当时正在进行的动作，因此用过去进行时，即was/were+现在分词。故选B。 20．— Why didn’t you go out yesterday? — Because it ________ heavily all day. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．was raining 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨天你为什么没出去？——因为一整天都在下大雨。 考查时态。rains一般现在时；rained一般过去时；is raining现在进行时；was raining过去进行时。根据时间状语“yesterday”和“all day”可知，动作是过去持续发生的，应用过去进行时。故选D。 21．The little girl has ________ a lot of help to the community since last year. A．give B．gave C．given D．giving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从去年以来，这个小女孩已经给社区提供了很多帮助。 根据句中的助动词“has”以及时间状语“since last year”可知，本句是现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，空处需填入动词的过去分词形式，应填given。 22．—________ you ever read Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland? —No, I haven’t. A．Do B．Did C．Have D．Will 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你曾经读过《爱丽丝梦游仙境》吗？——不，我没有读过。 Do (一般现在时助动词)；Did (一般过去时助动词)；Have (现在完成时助动词)；Will (一般将来时助动词)。根据答句“No, I haven’t.”可知，问句为现在完成时，应填“Have”。 23．— Have you ________ been to a magical world in stories? — No, never. A．ever B．just C．yet D．already 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过故事中的魔法世界吗？——不，从来没有。 ever曾经；just刚刚；yet已经（用于否定或疑问句）；already已经（用于肯定句）。根据答语“No, never”可知，问句询问的是是否曾经有过这种经历，故选ever。 24．I have never ________ this book, but I have watched the movie. A．read B．readed C．reading D．reads 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我从未读过这本书，但我看过这部电影。 read读（原形/过去式/过去分词）；readed错误形式；reading读（现在分词）；reads读（第三人称单数）。根据句中“have never”可知，此处需用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词。read是不规则动词，其过去分词形式与原形相同，应填read。 25．I ________ Lily’s dictionary for one week. I need to return it to her next Friday. A．borrow B．borrowed C．have kept D．have borrowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我已经借了莉莉的字典一个星期了。我需要在下周五还给她。 borrow借入（瞬间动词）；keep保有（延续性动词）。根据时间状语“for one week”可知，句子需用现在完成时，且谓语动词需用延续性动词，borrow不能与一段时间连用，需转换为keep。故填have kept。 26．—Have you ever ________ the nursing home to help the old people? —Yes. I ________ there to teach them how to use smartphones last Sunday. A．been to; went B．gone to; went C．been to; have gone D．gone to; have been 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过养老院帮助老人吗？——是的。上周日我去那里教他们如何使用智能手机。 have been to去过某地已经回来，have gone to去了某地还没回来。根据对话语境，说话人在现场，第一空应用been to；根据“last Sunday”可知第二空应用一般过去时went。应填been to; went。 27．My uncle is a member of the Blue Sky Rescue team. He ________ the team since 2018. A．has joined B．has been in C．joined D．was in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我叔叔是蓝天救援队的一员。自从2018年以来他一直在该队中。 has joined已经加入；has been in已经在……（里面）；joined加入了；was in加入了。根据时间状语“since 2018”可知，句子应用现在完成时，排除C、D选项；join是瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，be in是延续性动词，可以与时间段连用。应填has been in。 28．—Would you like something to eat? —No,thanks. I ________ breakfast this morning. A．ate B．was having C．have eaten D．eat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想吃点东西吗？——不，谢谢。我今天早上已经吃过早饭了。 根据“No, thanks.”可知现在不想吃，说明吃早饭的动作对现在造成了影响(不饿了)，应用现在完成时。 29．—Why are you so happy? —I ________ the science project, and I think I did a really good job. A．am completing B．will complete C．have completed D．was completing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么高兴？——我已经完成了科学项目，而且我觉得我做得非常好。 根据问句“Why are you so happy?”可知询问现在高兴的原因。答语中“完成项目”这一动作发生在过去，但对现在造成了影响（导致现在高兴），应用现在完成时，主语是I，其完成时结构为“have + 过去分词”，即have completed。 30．—What do you think of the book “Robinson Crusoe”? —It’s a wonderful book. I ________ reading it already. A．finish B．finished C．have finished D．will finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得《鲁滨逊漂流记》这本书怎么样？ ——这是一本很棒的书，我已经读完了。 “already”提示此句用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生了影响，谓语结构是“have/has+过去分词”。应填have finished。 31．Has the enemy ________ its plan to destroy the building? A．defeat B．defeated C．defeats D．defeating 【答案】B 【详解】句意：敌人摧毁大楼的计划失败了吗？ 根据句首“Has”可知句子为现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，“defeat”（使失败）的过去分词是“defeated”。 32．The volunteer ________ three donations for the shelter already. A．collect B．has collected C．collects D．collected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位志愿者已经为收容所收集了三笔捐款。 根据句末的时间状语“already”可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“The volunteer”是第三人称单数，助动词用has。应填has collected。 33．—Daniel has ________ to Turkey. How can I keep in touch with him? —Don’t worry. I’m sure he will call you when he ________ back. A．gone; will come B．gone; comes C．been; will come D．been; comes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——丹尼尔已经去土耳其了。我怎么能和他保持联系呢？——别担心。我相信当他回来时他会给你打电话。 have gone to意为“去了某地未回”，have been to意为“去过某地已回”，根据“如何保持联系”可知人不在现场，第一空填gone；when引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，第二空应填comes。 34．People ________ the practical life-saving cage for missing pets so far. A．use B．used C．have used D．uses 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到目前为止，人们已经使用了这种实用的救生笼来寻找失踪的宠物。 根据句中的时间状语“so far”（到目前为止）可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语People是复数，助动词用have。故选C。 35．This gentle girl ________ anybody’s help since she lost her parents. A．refuse B．refused C．has refused D．refuses 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个温柔的女孩自从失去父母以来，一直拒绝任何人的帮助。 根据时间状语“since she lost her parents”可知，主句应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在，现在完成时结构为have/has+动词过去分词。主语girl为单数，助动词用has，refuse的过去分词refused。 36．People ________ the painful experience hidden in history for a long time. A．forget B．forgot C．have forgotten D．will forget 【答案】C 【详解】句意：长久以来，人们已经淡忘了尘封在历史里的痛苦经历。 根据时间标志“for a long time”可知，该时态为现在完成时，强调动作从过去持续到现在，应填have forgotten。 37．The lost boy ________ his way home with the librarian’s help so far. A．find B．found C．has found D．finds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个迷路的男孩到目前为止在图书管理员的帮助下已经找到了回家的路。 根据时间状语“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，填has found。 38．The policeman ________ nobody has stolen the bone from the lab so far. A．prove B．has proved C．proved D．proves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：到目前为止，这位警察已经证明没有人从实验室偷走了骨头。 根据时间状语“so far”，句子应用现在完成时，主语“The policeman”是第三人称单数，助动词用 has，应填has proved。 39．The writer ________ literary idioms recently for his new book. A．look for B．looked for C．has looked for D．will look for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位作家最近为他的新书寻找了文学习语。 根据时间状语recently可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的动作。主语The writer是第三人称单数，助动词应用has。 40．Since 2018, American writers ________ the climax of this literary story. A．create B．created C．have created D．will create 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自2018年以来，美国作家们创作出了这部文学故事的高潮部分。 时间状语“Since 2018”提示此句用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，谓语结构是“have/has+过去分词”。 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 41．They ________ (row) boats while we were climbing the hill. 【答案】were rowing 【详解】句意：当我们正在爬山的时候，他们正在划船。row“划船”，while引导时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时，主句也需用过去进行时（表示过去两个动作同时进行）；主语They为复数，be动词用were，row的现在分词形式是rowing。 42．What a terrible accident! Perhaps the driver ________ (make) a telephone call to others. 【答案】was making 【详解】句意：多么可怕的事故啊！司机可能当时正在打电话。事故已经发生，说明打电话这个动作是事故发生的那一刻正在进行的，所以要用过去进行时；Perhaps表示对过去情况的推测，结合语境，司机打电话是事故发生时的行为，主语“the driver”是第三人称单数，填入was making。 43．The teacher questioned what we ________ (talk) about in the classroom just now. 【答案】were talking 【详解】句意：老师询问我们刚才在教室里谈论的是什么。括号内的单词talk是动词，句中时间状语“just now”表示“刚才”，结合主句动词questioned（一般过去时），说明宾语从句的动作是“刚才正在发生的”，需用过去进行时；主语we为复数，be动词用were，talk的现在分词形式为talking，因此填were talking。 44．The boy his mother cared too much about ________ (lie) on the sofa when I entered the room. 【答案】was lying 【详解】句意：当我走进房间时，那个他母亲过分关心的男孩正躺在沙发上。his mother cared too much about是修饰主语The boy的定语从句（省略了关系代词that/which），空格才是主句的谓语动词，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时entered，表示“我进房间”这个动作发生时，“男孩躺在沙发上”是当时正在进行的动作，因此用过去进行时，结构为was/were+现在分词，主语是The boy，be动词用was，lie的现在分词是lying。 45．My mother ________ (wash) clothes at this time last Sunday. 【答案】was washing 【详解】句意：上周日这个时候我妈妈正在洗衣服。at this time last Sunday是过去进行时标志，结构“was/were+doing”；主语my mother为单数，be动词用was，wash的现在分词是washing。 46．While we ________ (discuss) the problem, the teacher came in. 【答案】were discussing 【详解】句意：在我们讨论这个问题的时候，老师进来了。根据“While”及“the teacher came in”提示，表示过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，应用过去进行时。主语we为复数，be动词用were，discuss的现在分词形式是discussing。 47．She ________ (download) a movie when her mother called her. 【答案】was downloading 【详解】句意：妈妈打电话过来的时候，她正在下载一部电影。when引导时间状语从句，从句called为一般过去时，主句强调过去某个瞬间正在发生的动作，要用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing；主语She是第三人称单数。故填was downloading。 48．Pardon? I ________ (answer) a text message so I didn’t hear you. 【答案】was answering 【详解】句意：什么？我刚才正在回短信，所以没听见你说话。后半句“didn’t hear”用了一般过去时，说明“没听见”是过去发生的事，而“回短信”是当时正在进行的动作，因此要用过去进行时；主语是I，所以用was加answer的现在分词answering，来体现过去某一时刻正在进行的状态。 49．The children ________ (hide) behind the tree when we found them. 【答案】were hiding 【详解】句意：当我们找到孩子们时，他们正躲在树后面。句中“when we found them”为过去的时间状语，主句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。过去进行时的结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，主语“The children”为复数，故填were hiding。 50．Last month, she called me and told me she ________ (tidy) up the classrooms for the children the whole week. 【答案】was tidying 【详解】句意：上个月，她打电话告诉我她整整一周都在为孩子们整理教室。tidy“整理”，是动词。句中主句谓语“told”为一般过去时，宾语从句需用相应的过去时态；又因为“the whole week”（整整一周）表示在过去某段时间内持续进行的动作，所以需要用过去进行时，即was/were + doing。从句主语是she，故用was tidying，意为“正在整理”。 51．Scientists have ________ (prove) that regular exercise improves both physical and mental health over the past decades. 【答案】 proved/proven 【详解】句意：几十年来，科学家们已经证实，规律运动既能改善身体健康，也能促进心理健康。句中出现了助动词“have”，且时间状语“over the past decades”（在过去的几十年里）是现在完成时的典型标志，表示动作从过去持续到现在或对现在造成影响。现在完成时的基本结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”。动词prove的过去分词形式为proved 或proven，两者在语法上均正确。 52．She has never ________ (hear) of the writer H.G. Wells before. 【答案】heard 【详解】句意：她以前从未听说过作家H.G.威尔斯。句子出现助动词has，结合never和before，可知本句用现在完成时，结构为：have/has+动词过去分词。hear的过去分词为heard。 53．She has ________ (forget) the key on the table and can’t reach it. 【答案】forgotten 【详解】句意：她把钥匙忘在桌子上了，现在够不到钥匙；根据助动词has和括号内的实义动词，可知句子时态为现在完成时，结构是“have/has+动词过去分词”，forget是不规则动词，它的过去分词为forgotten。 54．She has always ________ (prefer) books to movies. 【答案】preferred 【详解】句意：她一直都更喜欢书而不是电影。句中的has always是现在完成时的结构，即“have/has + 动词过去分词”，所以括号里的动词prefer要变成过去分词形式，prefer 是重读闭音节，要先双写末尾的r，再加-ed。 55．My aunt has been ________ (marry) for ten years. 【答案】married 【详解】句意：我阿姨已经结婚十年了。空格处在句中作表语，与has been共同构成现在完成时。根据句末表示一段时间的状语“for ten years”可知，本句动作或状态需具有延续性；marry作“结婚”讲时为非延续性动词（瞬间动词），不能与时间段连用，需将其转换为表示状态的“be married”结构。本句中已给出系动词been，故此处需填入过去分词形式married。 56．Over 60,000 tons of nuclear-contaminated water ________ (pour) into the sea by Japan since Aug. 24, 2023. 【答案】has been poured 【详解】句意：自2023年8月24日以来，日本已向海中注入超过6万吨核污染水。句中出现since+过去时间点 (since Aug. 24, 2023)，是现在完成时的标志，结构为have/has+过去分词。主语“核污染水”和动词pour (排放) 是被动关系，要用被动语态，现在完成时的被动结构为have/has been+过去分词。主语为不可数名词短语，视为单数，助动词用has，pour的过去分词是poured。 57．The workers ________ (build) several new roads in this area recently. 【答案】have built 【详解】句意：工人们最近在这个区域修建了几条新路。“recently”为现在完成时的标志词，主语The workers为复数，助动词用have，build的过去分词是built。 58．Lily and Lucy have already ________ (join) the school volunteer club to help the old. 【答案】 joined 【详解】句意：莉莉和露西已经加入了学校志愿者俱乐部来帮助老人。join“加入”，句中“have already”提示此处为现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，join的过去分词是joined。 59．She has never ________ (miss) the school bus since the new term started. 【答案】 missed 【详解】句意：自新学期开始以来，她从未错过校车。提示词miss是动词，意为“错过”。时间状语从句“since the new term started”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，主句应用现在完成时“has/have+过去分词”。主语“She”是第三人称单数，助动词用has，miss的过去分词为missed。 60．The teacher ________ (plan) a volunteer trip to the countryside already. 【答案】 has planned 【详解】句意：老师已经计划了一次去乡下的志愿旅行。句中“already”为现在完成时的标志词，表示动作已经完成。主语“The teacher”为第三人称单数，故填has planned。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $