Unit6单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习 2025-2026学年沪教版七年级英语下册

**基本信息** 聚焦沪教牛津版七年级下册Unit6，以“词汇-句型-语法-综合应用”为逻辑链，通过口诀助记情态动词用法，实现语言知识与应用能力的系统整合。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |课本单词短语|32个核心词|无|从基础词汇积累起步，涵盖家电、能源等主题词| |拓展短语|44个|无|在课本词基础上拓展同义短语（如turn on/switch on）| |句型用法|20个|无|从基础句型（决定做某事）到功能表达（请求许可）| |情态动词语法|对比表+口诀|“can能会可请求，may许可表推测，must义务与肯定”口诀|通过维度对比（含义/否定等）构建情态动词认知框架| |综合练习|5大题（单选/阅读/情境任务等）|无|从知识检测（语法单选）到语用输出（项目式情境），实现语言能力迁移|

沪教牛津版26版七年级下册Unit6单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习 1、 课本单词短语 中文释义 n.电池 n.电；电能 adj.关闭（电灯、机器等）的 n.任务；活动 n.一段时间；一会儿 n.平板电脑 n.冰箱 n.酸奶 n.公寓套房 adj.家庭的 prep.紧靠；碰；撞 n.速度；速率 n.安全；平安 n.用法说明；操作指南 v.（使）连接 n.装置；设备 n.规则；条例 n.气候 n.数量；数额 v.驱动；推动（机器或车辆） n.电视机 n.地标 有相同的特征（或特点等） 电灯泡 空调机；空调设备 电子游戏 用完；耗尽 变质 电动汽车 电器 关注；担忧 气候变化 参加；加入 二、拓展重点短语 中文释义 关掉，关闭 关掉，关闭 打开 打开 有相同的特征（或特点等） 电灯泡 太阳能 水能 风能 空调机；空调设备 教某人关于某事 给某人某物 给某人某物 原来是，结果是 看电影 电子游戏 一会儿 用完；耗尽 变质 醒，醒来 更糟糕的是 例如 例如 用手，靠手做 骑自行车去旅行 下国际象棋 玩棋类游戏 在夜间，在晚上 超过；多于 把……放进…… 断电；停电 平静下来；冷却 稍微；有点儿 以……的速度 电动汽车 告诉某人关于某事 注意 了解，学习 参加 参加；加入 关注；担忧 气候变化 对……产生很大影响 成千上万的 地标建筑物 发现；查明；弄清 在黑暗中 也 沪教牛津版26版七年级下册Unit6单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 三、句型用法 中文释义 决定做某事 开始做某事 需要做某事 不得不做某事 帮助某人做某事 要求某人做某事 用某物做某事 用某物做某事 通过做某事 想象做某事 试着做某事 尽力做某事；试图做某事 停止做某事 停下来去做某事 看到某人 / 某物正在做某事 一些…… 使 / 保持某人 / 某物…… ……怎么样？ 你能做...吗？ 我可以做...吗？ 4、 单元语法 情态动词 (can, may, must) 核心用法与拓展表 维度 can (could)​ may (might)​ must​ 1. 核心含义​ 能，会​ (能力) / 可以​ (许可) 可以​ (许可) / 可能​ (推测) 必须​ (义务) / 一定​ (推测) 2. 主要用法​ 3. 否定形式​ 4. 否定回答/意义​ 总结口诀（助记） “can” 能会可请求，“could” 委婉更温柔。 “may” 正式表许可，推测“可能”不把握。 “must” 命令是“必须”，否定回答“needn’t”替。 推测“一定”用“must”，否定“can’t”是规律。 七年级下册 Unit6能力提升综合练习卷 姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 得分：__________ 一、语言知识运用（共15分） （一）单词短语单选题（共5小题，每小题1分） 1. Before using a new ______, read the instructions carefully to avoid accidents. A. device B. climate C. amount D. landmark 2. The ______ in the fridge keeps food fresh so it doesn't ______. A. light bulb; go bad B. yogurt; run out C. fridge; go bad D. battery; connect 3. Solar ______ is a clean and renewable source that can ______ our homes. A. electricity; power B. speed; rule C. safety; connect D. task; switch off 4. — May I ______ the air conditioner? It's too hot in here. — Sure, but remember to ______ it when you leave. A. turn on; turn off B. switch off; switch on C. run out of; connect D. join in; care about 5. These two machines ______ something in common—they both need a ______ to work. A. have; battery B. run; instruction C. connect; tablet D. go; fridge （二）单元语法单选题——情态动词can/may/must（共10小题，每小题1分） 6. — ______ I borrow your charger for a while? — Of course. Here you are. A. Must B. Need C. May D. Should 7. You ______ wash your hands before meals. It's good for your health. A. may B. could C. must D. can't 8. — Must I finish the poster today? — No, you ______. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. shouldn't 9. That ______ be Mr Brown—he has gone to Beijing on business. A. must B. may C. can't D. needn't 10. — Can you operate this new device? — Yes, I ______. I learnt it last term. A. can B. may C. must D. need 11. You ______ play with the wires. It's very dangerous. A. must B. mustn't C. needn't D. may not 12. — ______ I come in? — Yes, please. A. Need B. Must C. May D. Will 13. Cars ______ run on electricity in the future to protect the environment. A. must B. may C. can D. need 14. — Could you help me connect the wire to the battery? — Yes, I ______. A. could B. can C. must D. may 15. To save energy, we ______ turn off lights when we leave the room. A. may B. should C. can't D. mustn't 二、阅读（共20分） （一）阅读理解（共1篇，5小题，每小题2分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。文中加粗单词为超出七年级课标的词汇，已在文后给出中文释义。 【改编自 BBC Bitesize Science & Science News for Students】 Have you ever imagined a day without electricity（电）? No light, no phone, no fridge—just darkness（黑暗）. Electricity powers almost everything in modern life. It flows through wires into our homes and runs household appliances（家用电器） like TVs, washing machines and air conditioners. Most electricity is made in power stations（发电站）, often by burning coal, gas or using nuclear energy. But these methods emit（排放） greenhouse gases. Cleaner ways include solar panels（太阳能电池板）, wind turbines and hydroelectric dams（水力大坝）, which don't burn fuel. A typical light bulb uses about 60 watts. An LED bulb gives the same light but uses far less power. Small changes—switching off unused devices, using LEDs, unplugging chargers—all help cut down consumption（消耗量）. Yet over a billion people worldwide still lack reliable electricity. Scientists are working on better storage batteries（电池） and smarter grids so that clean power can reach more homes. After all, electricity is not just a convenience（便利）—it's a basic need. 26. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to repair electrical appliances at home. B. The importance of electricity and ways to use it wisely. C. Why coal is the best way to produce electricity. D. How a light bulb works inside. 27. According to the passage, which is NOT a clean way to produce electricity? A. Solar panels. B. Wind turbines. C. Burning coal. D. Hydroelectric dams. 28. What advantage does an LED bulb have over a traditional light bulb? A. It gives brighter light. B. It uses less power for the same light. C. It lasts for only a few days. D. It doesn't need to be connected. 29. The underlined word "consumption" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______. A. waste B. use C. production D. storage 30. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Everyone already has reliable electricity. B. Better batteries are being developed to store clean energy. C. Traditional bulbs are cheaper than LEDs in the long run. D. Solar power is too expensive to use at home. （二）首字母填空（共10小题，每小题1分） 根据短文内容和首字母提示写出所缺单词的正确形式。全部使用文档内Unit6课标词。 【改编自 National Geographic Kids】 Electricity is a form of e\_\_31\_\_. It p\_\_32\_\_ our homes—lights, TVs and the f\_\_33\_\_ that keeps food fresh. An a\_\_34\_\_ conditioner cools a room in summer. To use them, we c\_\_35\_\_ a wire to a power source. A b\_\_36\_\_ can power small things. When you're done, s\_\_37\_\_ the device off to save energy. It is our r\_\_38\_\_ to use electricity wisely. Read the i\_\_39\_\_ before you start! F\_\_40\_\_ example, unplug chargers when not in use. 31. e______ 32. p______ 33. f______ 34. a______ 35. c______ 36. b______ 37. s______ 38. r______ 39. i______ 40. F______ 三、项目式情境（共25分） （一）信息匹配（共5小题，每小题1分） 材料A–F介绍五种校园"科技与电力安全"主题活动，请为41–45题中的同学选择合适活动。（其中一项多余） A. Home Energy Audit Check classroom lights, fans and ACs. Record how long they stay on and suggest ways to cut waste. Good for observant students. B. Safe Wiring Workshop Learn basic electrical safety—never touch exposed wires, how fuses work, why water + electricity = danger. Hands-on demo with low-voltage kits. C. Build a Simple Circuit Use batteries, bulbs and wires to make a bulb light up. Understand how current flows in a closed loop. Beginner-friendly science. D. Green Energy Debate Discuss pros and cons of solar vs wind vs nuclear. Requires research and speaking skills. E. Invent an Eco-Device Design (on paper) a new gadget powered by solar or wind. Most creative ideas displayed in the hall. F. Book & Movie Club Read science fiction and discuss. Not related to electricity safety. 41. Leo wants to make a bulb light up using a battery and wires. 42. Amy is interested in why fuses blow and how to stay safe with electricity. 43. Ben likes checking which appliances are left on unnecessarily. 44. Clara wants to design a new green-energy gadget on paper. 45. David wants to debate the best renewable energy source. 41. ______ 42. ______ 43. ______ 44. ______ 45. ______ （二）回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分） 根据阅读理解"Electricity—Powering Modern Life"内容作答，答案不超过5个词。 46. What powers almost everything in modern homes? _____________________________________________________________ 47. Which clean energy sources are mentioned in the passage? _____________________________________________________________ 48. What kind of bulb uses less power for the same light? _____________________________________________________________ 49. Name one small change people can make to save electricity. _____________________________________________________________ 50. Do all people worldwide have reliable electricity now? _____________________________________________________________ （三）完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分） 根据汉语意思完成英文句子，每空一词。 51. 离开教室时请关掉所有的灯。 Please ______ ______ all the lights when you leave the classroom. 52. 这个新型设备靠一块小电池驱动。 This new ______ is ______ by a small ______. 53. 冰箱里的牛奶变质了，把它扔掉。 The milk in the ______ has ______ ______. Throw it away. 54. 这两台机器有一些共同之处。 The two machines ______ ______ ______ ______. 55. 在使用新设备之前，我们有责任阅读说明书。 It is our ______ to read the ______ before using a new device. 四、语言知识（共20分） （一）短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分） 从方框中选词并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次。 against apartment connect fridge instruction landmark power rule safety task 【改编自 BBC Bitesize Science】 Last week, our science \_\_56\_\_ was to learn how household appliances work. Ms Chen showed us how to \_\_57\_\_ a light bulb to a battery so that it lit up. "Always check the \_\_58\_\_ first," she said, pointing to the booklet. A \_\_59\_\_ keeps food cool, while an air conditioner controls room temperature. Both need electricity to \_\_60\_\_ them. In an \_\_61\_\_ block, you'll find these machines in almost every flat. Electricity must be treated with respect—keep water \_\_62\_\_ it and never touch bare wires. The \_\_63\_\_ of a city, such as the Oriental Pearl Tower, is often lit up by thousands of bulbs. Following the \_\_64\_\_ is important for \_\_65\_\_. 56. ___________ 57. ___________ 58. ___________ 59. ___________ 60. ___________ 61. ___________ 62. ___________ 63. ___________ 64. ___________ 65. ___________ （二）语法短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 【改编自 Science for Schools】 Last Friday, our teacher said, "You \_\_66\_\_ (must) never put fingers into a socket. If you are unsure \_\_67\_\_ something is safe, ask an adult." I \_\_68\_\_ (can) ride a bike before I \_\_69\_\_ (can) use complex electrical tools. "\_\_70\_\_ I try it?" I asked. "Yes, but only under supervision," she replied. We learnt that LEDs \_\_71\_\_ (may) save more energy. "You \_\_72\_\_ (should) turn off lights when leaving," she added. "\_\_73\_\_ (not touch) wires with wet hands!" That day I realised: electricity is useful, but we \_\_74\_\_ (must) respect its dangers. It is a \_\_75\_\_ (power) tool when used correctly. 66. ___________ 67. ___________ 68. ___________ 69. ___________ 70. ___________ 71. ___________ 72. ___________ 73. ___________ 74. ___________ 75. ___________ $沪教牛津版26版七年级下册Unit6单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习(答案版) 1、 课本单词短语 英文 中文释义 battery n.电池 electricity n.电；电能 *switch-off adj.关闭（电灯、机器等）的 task n.任务；活动 while n.一段时间；一会儿 *tablet n.平板电脑 fridge n.冰箱 yogurt n.酸奶 apartment n.公寓套房 household adj.家庭的 against prep.紧靠；碰；撞 speed n.速度；速率 safety n.安全；平安 instruction n.用法说明；操作指南 connect v.（使）连接 *device n.装置；设备 rule n.规则；条例 climate n.气候 amount n.数量；数额 power v.驱动；推动（机器或车辆） television set n.电视机 landmark n.地标 have something in common 有相同的特征（或特点等） light bulb 电灯泡 air conditioner 空调机；空调设备 video game 电子游戏 run out of 用完；耗尽 go bad 变质 electric car 电动汽车 electrical appliance 电器 care about 关注；担忧 climate change 气候变化 join in 参加；加入 二、拓展重点短语 英文短语 中文释义 turn off 关掉，关闭 switch off 关掉，关闭 turn on 打开 switch on 打开 have something in common 有相同的特征（或特点等） light bulb 电灯泡 solar power 太阳能 water power 水能 wind power 风能 air conditioner 空调机；空调设备 teach sb about sth 教某人关于某事 give sb sth 给某人某物 give sth to sb 给某人某物 turn out 原来是，结果是 watch a movie 看电影 video games 电子游戏 for a while 一会儿 run out of 用完；耗尽 go bad 变质 wake up 醒，醒来 even worse 更糟糕的是 for example 例如 such as 例如 by hand 用手，靠手做 go on a bike trip 骑自行车去旅行 play chess 下国际象棋 play board games 玩棋类游戏 at night 在夜间，在晚上 more than 超过；多于 put...in... 把……放进…… power cut 断电；停电 cool down 平静下来；冷却 a bit 稍微；有点儿 at the speed of 以……的速度 electric car 电动汽车 tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事 pay attention to 注意 learn about 了解，学习 take part in 参加 join in 参加；加入 care about 关注；担忧 climate change 气候变化 make a great difference to 对……产生很大影响 thousands of 成千上万的 landmark building 地标建筑物 find out 发现；查明；弄清 in the dark 在黑暗中 as well 也 沪教牛津版26版七年级下册Unit6单词短语、语法句型用法默写与配套练习(答案版) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 三、句型用法 英文用法 中文释义 decide to do sth 决定做某事 start to do sth 开始做某事 need to do sth 需要做某事 have to do sth 不得不做某事 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 use sth to do sth 用某物做某事 use sth for doing sth 用某物做某事 by doing sth 通过做某事 imagine doing sth 想象做某事 try doing sth 试着做某事 try to do sth 尽力做某事；试图做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 see sb/sth doing sth 看到某人 / 某物正在做某事 a few + 可数名词复数 一些…… make/keep sb/sth + 形容词 使 / 保持某人 / 某物…… What/How about...? ……怎么样？ Can you do ...? 你能做...吗？ May I do...? 我可以做...吗？ 4、 单元语法 情态动词 (can, may, must) 核心用法与拓展表 维度 can (could)​ may (might)​ must​ 1. 核心含义​ 能，会​ (能力) / 可以​ (许可) 可以​ (许可) / 可能​ (推测) 必须​ (义务) / 一定​ (推测) 2. 主要用法​ 1. 表示能力：I can swim. 2. 表示请求/许可​ (口语化)：Can I go out? 3. 表示可能性​ (理论上)：It can be rainy. 1. 表示请求/许可​ (正式、客气)：May I come in? 2. 表示可能性​ (不太确定)：It may rain. 1. 表示强烈的义务/必要性​ (主观/客观)：You must be on time. 2. 表示有把握的肯定推测：He must be at home. 3. 否定形式​ cannot / can’t​ may not​ must not / mustn’t​ 4. 否定回答/意义​ 1. 对能力否定：can’t (不会) 2. 对许可否定：can’t (不可以) 1. 对许可否定：may not (不可以) / 更常用 can’t 2. 对推测否定：may not (可能不) 1. 对义务否定：不能用mustn’t，要用 needn’t / don’t have to​ (不必)。 2. 对推测否定：用 can’t​ (不可能)。 3. mustn’t 表示“禁止、不许”。 5. 过去式与拓展​ could： 1. 过去的能力：I could run fast. 2. 更委婉的请求：Could you help me? 3. 虚拟语气/可能性：I could do it if I tried. might： 1. 过去式 (较少用)：He said I might go. 2. 可能性更小的推测：It might be true. 3. 委婉请求 (不常用)：Might I ask? 无过去式。表过去“必须”用 had to。 否定推测 (can’t)​ 是重点：That can’t be true. (那不可能是真的。) 6. 语气强度​ 请求许可时，can​ 最口语化、最常用。 请求许可时，may​ 更正式、更礼貌。 表示“必须”时，语气最强，带有强制性。 7. 易错与辨析​ 1. can 和 be able to 都可表能力，但 be able to 强调具体某次成功做到。 2. 疑问句 “Can you...?” 既可问能力也可表请求。 1. May I...?​ 的否定回答常用 No, you can’t. 2. may be​ (动词) vs. maybe​ (副词，也许)：Maybe he is sick. = He may be sick. 最大易错点： Must I...?​ 的否定回答是：No, you needn’t.​ 或 No, you don’t have to.​ (不必)。 Mustn’t​ 意思是“绝对禁止”，不是“不必”。 总结口诀（助记） “can” 能会可请求，“could” 委婉更温柔。 “may” 正式表许可，推测“可能”不把握。 “must” 命令是“必须”，否定回答“needn’t”替。 推测“一定”用“must”，否定“can’t”是规律。 七年级下册 Unit6能力提升综合练习卷 答案 一、语言知识运用（15分） （一）单词短语单选题（5分） 题号 答案 1 A 2 C 3 A 4 A 5 A （二）单元语法单选题（10分） 题号 答案 6 C 7 C 8 B 9 C 10 A 11 B 12 C 13 B 14 B 15 B 二、阅读（20分） （一）阅读理解（10分） 题号 答案 26 B 27 C 28 B 29 B 30 B （二）首字母填空（10分） 题号 答案 31 electricity 32 powers 33 fridge 34 air 35 connect 36 battery 37 switch 38 rule 39 instructions 40 For 三、项目式情境（25分） （一）信息匹配（5分） 题号 答案 41 C 42 B 43 A 44 E 45 D （二）回答问题（10分） 题号 答案 46 Electricity. 47 Solar, wind, hydro. 48 An LED bulb. 49 Switch off unused devices. / Use LEDs. / Unplug chargers. 50 No. / No, they don't. （三）完成句子（10分） 题号 答案 51 turn off / switch off 52 device; powered; battery 53 fridge; gone bad 54 have; something; in; common 55 duty / rule; instructions 四、语言知识（20分） （一）短文填空（10分） 题号 答案 56 task 57 connect 58 instructions 59 fridge 60 power 61 apartment 62 against 63 landmark 64 rule / rules 65 safety （二）语法短文填空（10分） 题号 答案 66 must 67 whether / if 68 could 69 could 70 May 71 may 72 should 73 Don't touch 74 must 75 powerful $