2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下学期期末模拟卷（一）

**基本信息** 人教版八年级下册期末模拟卷，覆盖全册核心语法词汇，通过分层题型与系统解析，融合语言能力训练与思维品质培养，适配统考备考需求。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|15题|固定句型（What's the matter）、情态动词（shouldn't）、非谓语（tell sb. not to do）|从基础冠词到复杂时态（过去进行时）的语法递进| |完形填空|10题|语境推理（nervous/happiness）、时态一致（Last weekend→was）|以志愿服务话题整合动词短语（take out）与情感词汇| |阅读理解|15题|细节查找（失物招领信息）、主旨归纳（蚂蚁农场→团队合作）|生活化话题（爱好/失物）与逻辑思维（因果/主旨）结合| |书面表达|1题|分档评分（要点覆盖/时态准确）、连接词运用（After that/From this）|以志愿服务活动串联事件描述与情感表达|

2025-2026学年八年级英语下册期末考试模拟卷 适配版本：人教八年级英语下册 考试时长：120分钟 满分：120分 命题说明：贴合统考题型，覆盖全册核心语法、词汇、短语，难度分层合理，适合期末复习检测。 注意事项 1. 答题前，请将姓名、班级、准考证号准确填写在答题卡指定位置。 2. 选择题使用2B铅笔规范填涂，非选择题使用黑色签字笔作答，所有答案必须书写在答题卡对应区域。 3. 保持卷面整洁，严禁涂改、撕毁试卷，考试结束后将试卷与答题卡一并上交。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（共70分） 一、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. ---What's ______ matter with you? ---I have ______ sore throat. A. a; a B. the; a C. the; an D. /; a 2. You ______ run in the hallway. It's dangerous for all students. A. shouldn't B. should C. can D. may 3. My mother often tells me ______ too much time playing phone games. A. not to spend B. to not spend C. don't spend D. not spend 4. He used to ______ quiet, but now he ______ outgoing. A. be; is B. is; be C. was; is D. be; was 5. ---Could you please ______ the rubbish? ---Sure, I'll do it right away. A. take out B. take up C. take off D. take after 6. I don't know ______ he will join our club or not. A. if B. whether C. that D. when 7. ---I have never been to Beijing. ---______. I hope we can go there together one day. A. So have I B. Neither have I C. So I have D. Neither I have 8. ---What were you doing at 8:00 last night? ---I ______ my homework while my parents ______ TV. A. did; watched B. was doing; watched C. was doing; were watching D. did; were watching 9. The movie ______ for ten minutes when we arrived at the cinema. A. has been on B. had been on C. was on D. is on 10. Teenagers ______ to look after themselves from an early age. A. should teach B. should be taught C. can teach D. can be teach 11. The little boy is afraid ______ dark, so he never goes out alone at night. A. to B. of C. with D. at 12. ______ it rained heavily, we still went hiking yesterday. A. Because B. If C. Although D. Unless 13. She spoke ______ quietly ______ no one could hear her words. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 14. This story is ______ than that one. I like it better. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 15. ---Could I use your pen for a moment? ---______. Here you are. A. Sorry B. Of course C. No way D. That's all right 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，计15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Volunteering is a meaningful activity in our daily life. Last weekend, I 16 a volunteer in the old people's home near my neighborhood. I went there with my classmates. When we got there, some old people were sitting quietly. At first, I felt a little 17 because I didn't know how to talk with them. An elderly grandma smiled at me and asked me about my school life. I answered her questions 18 and shared my interesting stories with her. Then we began to help do some housework. We cleaned rooms and 19 fresh water for the old people. Time passed quickly. Before we left, some old people sang old songs for us. I felt full of 20 . I realized that volunteering is not just giving help, but also getting warmth. During the activity, we also talked about 21 to care for the elderly. We all agreed that we should visit them more often. Small kindness can bring great joy 22 them. Now I have decided to keep doing volunteer work in my free time. I 23 many useful skills and learned a lot from this experience. It teaches me to 24 others and cherish the people around me. I believe if everyone gives a little love, our world will become much 25 . 16. A. am B. was C. will be D. have been 17. A. nervous B. happy C. excited D. relaxed 18. A. angrily B. carelessly C. politely D. loudly 19. A. take B. took C. takes D. taking 20. A. sadness B. trouble C. happiness D. pressure 21. A. what B. how C. why D. where 22. A. to B. for C. with D. at 23. A. get B. got C. will get D. have got 24. A. look after B. look for C. look up D. look out 25. A. cold B. colder C. warm D. warmer 三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，计30分） (A) Lost & Found Lost My school ID card. My name is Tom. Please call me at 867-5309. Thank you! Found A black backpack. There is a pencil box and some books in it. Is it yours? Please call Linda at 231-5648. Found A set of keys. Please call Mike at 555-8762. Lost A white watch. It's my birthday gift. Call Lucy at 468-9012. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 26. Who lost a school ID card? A. Tom B. Linda C. Mike D. Lucy 27. What's in the black backpack? A. A pencil box and a watch. B. Some books and a pencil box. C. A set of keys and books. D. A pencil box and keys. 28. If you lost a set of keys, you can call ______. A. 867-5309 B. 231-5648 C. 555-8762 D. 468-9012 29. Lucy lost a ______. A. school ID card B. backpack C. set of keys D. watch 30. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Linda lost a black backpack. B. Tom found a school ID card. C. We can call Mike for keys. D. The white watch is Linda's. (B) When I was seven years old, my family made me an ant farm. First, we put clean sand in a thin glass box. Then we waited for the ants to arrive. After the ants were in the glass farm, they started to make tunnels(地道). I was very surprised that each ant knew exactly what to do. On the first day, a big ant made a mistake and fell into the sand tunnel. All the other ants came to help it out. I looked at them for a long time. I learned a lot about ants that summer. Years later, I still think of that ant farm. One day I read that ants work together and never give up. They are hard-working and kind to each other. That's why people say "When in trouble, stick together like ants." Now I know: teamwork is very important in our life. No one can live alone. We need to help each other. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 31. The writer got an ant farm when he was ______. A. six B. seven C. eight D. nine 32. Where did the writer put the sand? A. In a big box. B. In a glass bag. C. In a glass box. D. On the ground. 33. What happened to the big ant? A. It lost its way. B. It fell into the tunnel. C. It ran away. D. It made a new home. 34. What can we learn from ants? A. We should live alone. B. We should make tunnels. C. We should work together. D. We should keep ants as pets. 35. What's the main idea of the passage? A. How to make an ant farm. B. The writer's lovely ants. C. The importance of teamwork. D. How ants make tunnels. (C) Now many students have different kinds of hobbies. Hobbies can bring us happiness and help us relax after busy study. Here are some students' hobbies. Lisa likes reading storybooks. She says reading opens up her eyes to the world. She reads for half an hour every day. She has read more than 50 storybooks so far. Bob loves playing basketball. He thinks it can make him strong. He plays basketball with his friends every weekend. He has been playing basketball for four years. Jenny enjoys listening to music. When she feels upset, music always makes her relaxed. She likes pop music best. She has collected lots of music CDs. Different people have different hobbies, but all good hobbies can make our life colorful. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 36. Lisa reads ______ every day. A. for 30 minutes B. for an hour C. for two hours D. for four hours 37. How many storybooks has Lisa read? A. Less than 50. B. Over 50. C. About 40. D. Only 10. 38. Bob plays basketball ______. A. every day B. every morning C. every weekend D. every evening 39. Why does Jenny like listening to music? A. Because it makes her strong. B. Because it opens her eyes. C. Because it makes her relaxed. D. Because she can collect CDs. 40. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to develop hobbies. B. Some students' different hobbies. C. How to relax ourselves. D. Different kinds of music. 四、补全对话（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分） 根据对话内容，从方框内选择恰当的句子填入对话空白处，使对话完整、通顺。有两项多余选项。 A. What's wrong with you? B. I hope you will get well soon. C. Did you have a fever? D. I have a bad headache. E. You should lie down and rest. F. Where did you go? G. When did it start? A: Hi, Tom. You look tired. 41. ______ B: I don't feel well. 42. ______ A: Sorry to hear that. 43. ______ B: It started this morning. A: 44. ______ B: No, I didn't. I just feel sleepy. A: 45. ______ Don't study too hard today. B: Thank you very much. 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共50分） 五、词汇运用（共10空，每空1分，计10分） A) 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写出单词。 46. You should take care of y______ when your parents are away. (你自己) 47. We will help to clean up the city p______ this weekend. (公园) 48. The river is very deep. Don't swim in it. It's d______. (危险的) 49. He has ______ (已经) finished his homework. 50. This mountain is very high. It's one of the ______ (最高的) mountains in our country. B) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 51. While I ______ (watch) TV last night, my mother was cooking. 52. She decided ______ (join) the English club. 53. Could you please ______ (not play) soccer in the classroom? 54. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one. 55. They ______ (be) volunteers for two years. 六、句型转换（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分） 按要求改写句子，每空一词。 56. You should drink some hot water. (改为否定句) You ______ drink ______ hot water. 57. He was playing soccer at 9:00 yesterday morning. (改为一般疑问句) ______ he ______ soccer at 9:00 yesterday morning? 58. I have lived here for five years. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ have you lived here? 59. The girl is so young that she can't go to school. (改为同义句) The girl is ______ young ______ go to school. 60. We can finish the work today. (改为被动语态) The work ______ ______ finished today. 七、英汉互译（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分） 61. Could you please help me take out the rubbish? (翻译成汉语) ________________________________________________________________________ 62. He used to walk to school. (翻译成汉语) ________________________________________________________________________ 63. 虽然外面下着大雨，但是他仍然按时到校。(翻译成英语) ________________________________________________________________________ 64. 我已经读完了这本故事书。(翻译成英语) ________________________________________________________________________ 65. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. (翻译成汉语) ________________________________________________________________________ 八、书面表达（计20分） 假设上周六你和同学们去敬老院参加了志愿服务活动，请根据以下提示写一篇英语短文，介绍这次活动。 提示： 1. 时间：上周六；地点：敬老院；人物：我和同学们 2. 活动：打扫房间、陪老人聊天、唱歌、讲故事 3. 你的感受：帮助别人很快乐，以后会继续做志愿工作 要求： 1. 词数80---100词； 2. 语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3. 可适当发挥。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 完整版参考答案 + 详细解析 一、标准答案汇总 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 1-15（单选）：B A A A A B B C B B B C A B B 16-25（完形）：B A C B C B A B A D 26-40（阅读）：A B C D C B C B C C A B C C B 41-45（补全对话）：A D G C E 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 五、词汇运用 46. yourself 47. park/parks 48. dangerous 49. already 50. highest 51. was watching 52. to join 53. not play 54. more interesting 55. have been 六、句型转换 56. shouldn't; any 57. Was; playing 58. How long 59. too; to 60. can be 七、英汉互译 61. 请你帮我把垃圾拿出去好吗？ 62. 他过去常常步行去上学。 63. Although it rained heavily outside, he still got to school on time. 64. I have already finished reading this storybook. 65. 你锻炼得越多，身体就会越健康。 八、书面表达（满分范文） Last Saturday, I went to the old people's home with my classmates to do some volunteer work. When we arrived there, we started to help the old people at once. We cleaned their rooms carefully to make their living environment tidy and comfortable. After that, we chatted with them happily, sang songs and told interesting stories to cheer them up. The old people were very happy and thanked us a lot. From this meaningful activity, I learned that helping others brings me great happiness. I decide to take part in more volunteer activities in my free time in the future. 二、详细解析 （一）单项选择 1-15 完整解析 1. 答案：B 句意：------你怎么了？------我喉咙痛。 解析：固定句型 What's the matter with sb.?（某人怎么了），必须加定冠词the；have a sore throat 是病痛类固定搭配，用不定冠词a。 考点：固定交际句型、病痛短语、冠词用法。 2. 答案：A 句意：你不应该在走廊奔跑，这很危险。 解析：shouldn't 表"不应该"，用于劝阻危险行为；should（应该）、can（能够）、may（可以）均不符合危险警示语境。 考点：情态动词should表禁止、劝阻。 3. 答案：A 句意：妈妈经常告诉我不要花太多时间玩手机游戏。 解析：固定结构 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事，否定形式在不定式to前加not。 考点：动词不定式否定结构。 4. 答案：A 句意：他过去很内向，现在很外向。 解析：used to + 动词原形 表过去常常，第一空填be；now为一般现在时标志，he搭配be动词is。 考点：used to固定句型、一般现在时。 5. 答案：A 句意：------能帮我倒一下垃圾吗？------当然，我马上做。 解析：take out 拿出、倒掉；take up 占据；take off 起飞、脱下；take after 与......相像，结合垃圾语境选A。 考点：动词短语辨析、委婉请求句型。 6. 答案：B 句意：我不知道他是否会加入我们的俱乐部。 解析：whether...or not 为固定搭配，if不能与or not连用。 考点：宾语从句引导词辨析。 7. 答案：B 句意：------我从没去过北京。------我也没有。 解析：前句为否定句，用 Neither+助动词+主语 表"某人也不"；so倒装仅用于肯定句。 考点：否定倒装句、现在完成时。 8. 答案：C 句意：昨晚八点我在写作业，父母在看电视。 解析：过去具体时间点+while表两个动作同时进行，主从句均用过去进行时。 考点：过去进行时、while用法。 9. 答案：B 句意：我们到电影院时，电影已经放映十分钟了。 解析：arrived是过去式，电影放映发生在到达之前，属于"过去的过去"，用过去完成时；be on为延续性动词，可接时间段。 考点：过去完成时、延续性动词。 10. 答案：B 句意：青少年应该从小被教导照顾自己。 解析：主语teenagers与teach为被动关系，情态动词被动结构：情态动词+be+过去分词。 考点：情态动词被动语态。 11. 答案：B 句意：这个男孩怕黑，晚上从不独自外出。 解析：固定搭配 be afraid of sth. 害怕某物；be afraid to do 后接动词原形。 考点：固定短语辨析。 12. 答案：C 句意：虽然雨下得很大，我们依旧去远足了。 解析：although引导让步状语从句，表"虽然、尽管"，不与but连用。 考点：让步状语从句、连词辨析。 13. 答案：A 句意：她说话声音太小，没人能听见。 解析：so+副词+that从句 如此......以至于......；such接名词短语，too...to后接动词原形。 考点：结果状语从句。 14. 答案：B 句意：这个故事比那个更有趣，我更喜欢它。 解析：than为比较级标志，多音节形容词interesting比较级为more interesting。 考点：形容词比较级变形。 15. 答案：B 句意：------我能用一下你的钢笔吗？------当然，给你。 解析：Of course用于同意对方委婉请求，符合答语句意。 考点：情景交际。 （二）完形填空 16. 答案：B 句意：上周末，我在小区附近的敬老院做志愿者。 解析：句中"Last weekend（上周末）"是一般过去时的标志性时间状语，句子描述过去的经历，主语为I，be动词过去式用was。 考点：一般过去时时态判定。 17. 答案：A 句意：一开始我有点紧张，因为我不知道该怎么和老人交流。 解析：nervous 紧张的；happy 开心的；excited 兴奋的；relaxed 放松的。初次和陌生人交流、不知如何开口，对应心情为紧张，贴合上下文语境。 考点：形容词词义辨析、语境推理。 18. 答案：C 句意：我礼貌地回答奶奶的问题，和她分享有趣的校园故事。 解析：politely 礼貌地；angrily 生气地；carelessly 粗心地；loudly 大声地。志愿服务对待老人应当礼貌待人，符合场景逻辑。 考点：副词词义辨析、场景应用。 19. 答案：B 句意：我们打扫房间，为老人们打来清水。 解析：and连接两个并列谓语动词，前文cleaned为一般过去式，为保持时态一致，空格处动词也要用过去式took。 考点：一般过去时、并列谓语时态一致原则。 20. 答案：C 句意：我内心充满快乐，我明白志愿不仅是付出，更能收获温暖。 解析：happiness 快乐、幸福；sadness 悲伤；trouble 麻烦；pressure 压力。全文基调积极向上，志愿服务带来美好感受，故选happiness。 考点：名词词义辨析、情感语境判断。 21. 答案：B 句意：活动中，我们讨论了如何照顾老年人。 解析：how 表示方式、方法，how to do sth. 如何做某事；what（什么）、why（为什么）、where（哪里）均无法匹配"照顾老人"的动作方式。 考点：疑问词辨析、不定式结构用法。 22. 答案：A 句意：小小的善意能给他们带来极大的快乐。 解析：固定介词搭配 bring sth. to sb. 给某人带来某物，为八年级下册核心固定短语。 考点：介词固定搭配。 23. 答案：B 句意：我从这次经历中收获了很多实用的技能。 解析：本次志愿活动发生在上周末，属于过去的事件，动作收获技能是过去发生的，谓语动词用一般过去式got。 考点：一般过去时语境应用。 24. 答案：A 句意：这次经历教会我关爱他人、珍惜身边的人。 解析：look after 照顾、关爱；look for 寻找；look up 查阅；look out 小心。结合敬老院志愿、关爱老人的主题，选look after。 考点：动词短语辨析、主题语境匹配。 25. 答案：D 句意：我相信人人献出一点爱，世界会变得更加温暖。 解析：much专门用于修饰形容词、副词比较级，结合句意"更温暖"，用warm的比较级warmer。 考点：形容词比较级、much修饰比较级的固定用法。 （三）阅读理解 A篇 失物招领 26. 答案：A 解析：根据原文第一则寻物启事"My school ID card. My name is Tom."，可直接确定丢失学生证的是Tom。 考点：细节理解题。 27. 答案：B 解析：原文明确说明"A black backpack. There is a pencil box and some books in it."，背包内有文具盒和一些书本。 考点：细节理解题。 28. 答案：C 解析：根据"A set of keys. Please call Mike at 555-8762."，丢钥匙可拨打555-8762。 考点：细节理解题。 29. 答案：D 解析：最后一则寻物启事"A white watch... Call Lucy"，可知Lucy丢失了手表。 考点：细节理解题。 30. 答案：C 解析：A错误，Linda捡到背包而非丢失；B错误，Tom丢失学生证；D错误，手表是Lucy的；C选项与原文一致，表述正确。 考点：细节判断题。 B篇 蚂蚁农场感悟 31. 答案：B 解析：文章首句"When I was seven years old, my family made me an ant farm."直接点明作者七岁得到蚂蚁农场。 考点：细节理解题。 32. 答案：C 解析：原文"we put clean sand in a thin glass box"说明沙子放在玻璃盒子里。 考点：细节理解题。 33. 答案：B 解析：根据"a big ant made a mistake and fell into the sand tunnel"，大蚂蚁不慎掉进地道。 考点：细节理解题。 34. 答案：C 解析：文章结尾点明主旨，蚂蚁团结协作、互帮互助，告诉我们要学会团队合作。 考点：细节推理题。 35. 答案：C 解析：文章以蚂蚁农场为故事引子，最终升华主题为"teamwork is very important（团队合作很重要）"，主旨为团队合作的重要性。 考点：主旨大意题。 C篇 学生爱好介绍 36. 答案：A 解析："She reads for half an hour every day."中half an hour=30 minutes。 考点：细节理解+同义转换。 37. 答案：B 解析："more than 50"等同于over 50，意为"超过50本"。 考点：细节理解+短语转换。 38. 答案：C 解析：原文"He plays basketball with his friends every weekend."直接给出答案。 考点：细节理解题。 39. 答案：C 解析："music always makes her relaxed"说明音乐能让她放松，是她喜欢音乐的原因。 考点：细节理解题。 40. 答案：B 解析：文章总分结构，开篇引入爱好，分段介绍三位同学的不同爱好，主旨为介绍学生的各类爱好。 考点：主旨大意题。 （四）补全对话 41. 答案：A 句意：你看起来很累，你怎么了？ 解析：看到对方状态不好，用固定交际语询问身体状况，贴合下文身体不适的回答。 考点：情景交际（询问身体状况）。 42. 答案：D 句意：我不舒服，我头疼得厉害。 解析：回应身体不适的提问，具体描述自身症状，衔接上下文。 考点：情景交际（描述身体症状）。 43. 答案：G 句意：什么时候开始不舒服的？ 解析：答语"It started this morning"回答时间，因此问句询问症状起始时间。 考点：情景交际（时间提问）。 44. 答案：C 句意：你发烧了吗？ 解析：答语为一般疑问句否定回答，结合生病场景，询问是否发烧符合逻辑。 考点：一般疑问句问答、情景交际。 45. 答案：E 句意：你应该躺下休息，今天不要过度学习。 解析：对方身体不适，此处给出合理休养建议，收尾对话。 考点：情景交际（提出建议）。 （五）词汇运用 46. 答案：yourself 句意：父母不在家时，你要照顾好自己。 解析：固定搭配 take care of oneself 照顾自己，主语you对应反身代词yourself。 考点：反身代词固定搭配。 47. 答案：park/parks 句意：我们这周末帮忙打扫城市公园。 解析：打扫城市公园，特指某一处公园，使用单数park；city parks泛指城市各类公园，用名词复数表泛指，符合志愿服务打扫公共区域的语境。 考点：名词复数用法。 48. 答案：dangerous 句意：这条河很深，不要游泳，很危险。 解析：系动词is后接形容词作表语，dangerous为形容词"危险的"，符合句式结构。 考点：形容词作表语。 49. 答案：already 句意：他已经写完作业了。 解析：already副词，常用于现在完成时肯定句，表"已经"，是八年级核心词汇。 考点：现在完成时副词用法。 50. 答案：highest 句意：它是我国最高的山脉之一。 解析：固定句型 one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示"最......之一"，high的最高级为highest。 考点：形容词最高级固定结构。 51. 答案：was watching 句意：昨晚我看电视时，妈妈正在做饭。 解析：while引导过去进行时的并列句，表示两个动作在过去同时发生，后半句为过去进行时，前半句保持一致，主语I搭配was。 考点：过去进行时、while用法。 52. 答案：to join 句意：她决定加入英语俱乐部。 解析：固定搭配 decide to do sth. 决定做某事，不定式作宾语，为八年级必考句型。 考点：动词不定式固定搭配。 53. 答案：not play 句意：请你不要在教室里踢足球好吗？ 解析：固定搭配 Could you please (not) do sth. 表示 "请你（不要）做某事好吗？"，please 后接不带 to 的动词原形，否定形式需在动词原形前直接加 not，为八年级必考句型。 考点：情态动词礼貌请求句型中动词的否定形式 54. 答案：more interesting 句意：这本书比那本更有趣。 解析：句中出现比较级标志词than，表示两者进行比较，需使用形容词的比较级；interesting为多音节形容词，其比较级形式为more interesting，为八年级形容词比较级必考知识点。 考点：形容词比较级的构成与用法 55. 答案：have been 句意：他们已经做了两年志愿者了。 解析：句中出现时间状语for two years，表示动作从过去持续到现在，需使用现在完成时；现在完成时的结构为have/has + 动词过去分词，主语They为复数，be 动词的过去分词为been，因此填have been，为八年级现在完成时必考句型。 考点：现在完成时的用法与构成 六、句型转换 56. 答案：shouldn't; any 句意：你不应该喝任何热水。 解析：含情态动词should的句子变否定句，直接在should后加not（缩写为shouldn't）；同时some在否定句中需变为any，为八年级句型转换常考知识点。 考点：情态动词否定句及some/any用法 57. 答案：Was; playing 句意：昨天早上九点他正在踢足球吗？ 解析：过去进行时的句子变一般疑问句，需将句中的 be 动词（was/were）提到句首（首字母大写），动词的现在分词形式保持不变，为八年级过去进行时句型转换必考考点。 考点：过去进行时的一般疑问句转换 58. 答案：How long 句意：你在这里住了多久了？ 解析：现在完成时中，对表示一段时间的时间状语（如for+时间段）提问时，需用疑问词How long，句中助动词have提到主语前，其余部分不变，为八年级现在完成时句型转换常考知识点。 考点：现在完成时中对时间段的提问 59. 答案：too; to 句意：这个女孩太小了，还不能去上学。 解析：so...that...（如此...... 以至于......，从句为否定含义）可与too...to...（太...... 而不能......）进行同义转换，too后接形容词 / 副词，to后接动词原形，为八年级同义句转换高频句型。 考点：so...that...与too...to...的同义转换 60. 答案：can be 句意：这项工作今天能被完成。 解析：含情态动词的句子变被动语态，结构为 "情态动词 + be + 动词过去分词"；原句宾语the work变为被动句主语，情态动词can保持不变，后接be动词原形，再加finish的过去分词finished，为八年级被动语态必考知识点。 考点：含情态动词的被动语态转换 七、英汉互译 61. 答案：你能帮我把垃圾拿出去吗？ 解析：这是八年级常见的礼貌请求句型 Could you please do sth.，用于委婉提出请求；help sb. do sth. 意为 "帮助某人做某事"，take out the rubbish 是固定短语，意为 "倒垃圾 / 把垃圾拿出去"。 考点：礼貌请求句型及生活类固定短语翻译 62. 答案：他过去常常步行去上学。 解析：固定搭配 used to do sth. 意为 "过去常常做某事（现在已不再这样）"，是八年级高频考点句型；walk to school 意为 "步行去上学"。 考点：used to 句型的含义与翻译 63. 答案：Although/Though it is raining heavily/hard outside, he still got to school on time.（也可表达为：It is raining heavily/hard outside, but he still got to school on time.） 解析：①"虽然...... 但是......" 在英语中，although/though 与 but 不能同时使用，二者只能选其一；②"下大雨" 常用 rain heavily/hard 表达；③"按时到校" 为固定短语 get to school on time，前后时态一致，使用一般过去时。 考点：让步状语从句、固定短语及时态一致性 64. 答案：I have already finished reading this storybook. 解析：①"已经" 表示动作已完成并对现在有影响，需用现在完成时 have/has + 动词过去分词，主语为 I，助动词用 have；②固定搭配 finish doing sth. 意为 "做完某事"，因此 "读完" 需用 finish reading；③already 常用于肯定句的现在完成时中。 考点：现在完成时及 finish doing 固定搭配 65. 答案：你锻炼得越多，身体就会越健康。 解析：这是八年级必考的固定句型 The + 比较级, the + 比较级，意为 "越......，就越......"；exercise 在此处作动词，意为 "锻炼"，healthier 是 healthy 的比较级，意为 "更健康的"。 考点：The + 比较级, the + 比较级 句型翻译 八、写作表达 20 分制 详细分档评分标准 初中英语作文的评分，会从 "要点覆盖、时态语法、语句连贯、词数书写" 四个维度综合判定，适配本题的分档标准如下： 第五档（优秀档，17-20 分） 能拿到这个分数的作文，需要满足：所有提示要点 100% 覆盖，没有任何遗漏；一般过去时使用完全正确，动词过去式无错误；语句通顺自然，能用上简单的连接词串联活动过程，逻辑清晰；词数严格在 80-100 词之间，书写工整规范；几乎没有语法错误，用词准确，能适当用上课本里的固定搭配，整体读起来流畅自然。 扣分风险：如果词数超出 110 词或少于 70 词，会被扣 1-2 分；书写有明显涂改，也会酌情扣分。 第四档（良好档，13-16 分） 这个档位的作文，大部分要点都能覆盖，可能仅遗漏 1 个细节（比如少写了一项活动）；时态基本正确，只有少量不影响理解的动词形式错误（如把sang错写成singed）；语句比较通顺，能用上 1-2 个连接词，语法错误较少；词数接近要求（70-110 词之间），书写也较为工整。 扣分原因：要点轻微遗漏、时态小错误、词数偏差，是主要扣分点，整体扣 4-7 分左右。 第三档（及格档，9-12 分） 这个档位的作文，只能覆盖一半左右的要点，比如只写了 2 项活动，或者没写结尾的感受；时态错误较多，不少动词没有变为过去式；语句不够通顺，缺少连接词，读起来生硬；词数明显不足或超出过多，语法错误较多，但还能勉强看懂大意。 扣分原因：要点缺失、时态混乱、语法错误多，是主要扣分点，分数仅能达到及格线附近。 第二档（较差档，5-8 分） 这个档位的作文，只能写出少量和题目相关的句子，大部分要点都未覆盖；时态错误严重，很多句子的动词形式完全错误；语法错误很多，多数句子读不通顺，只能勉强看懂大意；词数严重不足，书写也比较潦草。 第一档（极差档，0-4 分） 几乎没有写出和题目相关的有效内容，或只写了零散的单词，完全不符合题目要求；通篇语法错误，无法理解意思；词数极少甚至空白，只能拿到极低的分数。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $