考前押题02 阅读理解之科技与文化（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材仁爱科普版

考前押题02 阅读理解之科技与文化 （期末复习专项训练） 话题1 互联网与科技（U10对应·常考点） P1, P2, P3 话题2 中国传统文化（U11对应·重点+热点） P4, P5, P6 话题3 文学经典（U12对应） P1, P2, P3 话题4 中外文化对比（跨学科） P1, P2, P3 话题5 科技创新（情境创新） P1, P2, P3 话题6 历史古迹与文化遗产（新考法） P1, P2, P3 话题1 互联网与科技 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·北京海淀·期末）The Internet has become an important part of our daily life. It brings us a lot of convenience, but it also causes some problems. The key is to use the Internet wisely. One of the biggest advantages of the Internet is that it makes learning easier. Students can search for information, watch educational videos, and take online courses. For example, if you don't understand a math problem, you can find many teaching videos online. Some websites also offer free courses from famous universities around the world. However, spending too much time online can be harmful. Many teenagers are addicted to online games and social media. They spend hours scrolling through short videos or chatting with friends, which takes away time from studying and exercise. Studies show that teenagers who spend more than 3 hours a day on recreational Internet use often have worse grades and poorer health. To use the Internet wisely, we should set clear rules for ourselves. First, limit recreational screen time to no more than 1 hour a day. Second, use the Internet mainly for learning and communication, not just for entertainment. Third, never share personal information with strangers online. The Internet is a powerful tool. Like any tool, it can be used for good or bad purposes. The choice is ours. ( )1. What is one of the biggest advantages of the Internet according to the passage? A. It makes online games more popular. B. It makes learning easier. C. It helps teenagers make more friends. D. It replaces traditional schools. ( )2. What problem does spending too much time online cause? A. It helps students get better grades. B. It makes teenagers healthier. C. It can be harmful and affect study and health. D. It improves communication skills. ( )3. How much recreational screen time does the writer suggest? A. No more than 30 minutes a day. B. No more than 1 hour a day. C. No more than 2 hours a day. D. No more than 3 hours a day. ( )4. What should we never do when using the Internet? A. Search for learning materials. B. Watch educational videos. C. Share personal information with strangers. D. Communicate with friends. ( )5. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A. The Internet is dangerous and we should not use it. B. We should use the Internet only for learning. C. The Internet has both advantages and disadvantages, and we should use it wisely. D. Teenagers should spend more time on online games. Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·上海浦东·期末）Online learning has become more and more popular, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. Many students have experienced learning through computers or tablets at home. But is online learning really better than traditional classroom learning? Online learning has several advantages. First, it is flexible. Students can learn at their own pace and choose when to study. If you don't understand something, you can watch the video again. Second, it saves time and money. You don't need to spend time traveling to school, and many online courses are free or cost less than traditional classes. However, online learning also has its disadvantages. The biggest problem is that it requires strong self-discipline. Without a teacher watching, many students find it hard to focus. They may play games or check social media instead of listening to the lesson. Another problem is the lack of face-to-face interaction. Students cannot ask questions immediately or discuss with classmates as easily as in a real classroom. In my opinion, the best way to learn is to combine online and offline learning. We can use online resources to preview and review lessons, while using classroom time to ask questions and have discussions. This way, we can enjoy the benefits of both learning methods. ( )1. What made online learning more popular? A. The development of computers. B. The COVID-19 pandemic. C. The increase of school fees. D. The shortage of teachers. ( )2. What is one advantage of online learning? A. Students can play games during class. B. It is flexible and students can learn at their own pace. C. Students don't need to do homework. D. Teachers can watch every student all the time. ( )3. What is the biggest problem of online learning? A. It costs too much money. B. It requires strong self-discipline. C. There are no teachers. D. Students cannot use computers. ( )4. Why do students find it hard to focus during online classes? A. Because the lessons are too difficult. B. Because there is no teacher watching them. C. Because the Internet is too slow. D. Because they don't like computers. ( )5. What does the writer suggest as the best way to learn? A. Only online learning. B. Only traditional classroom learning. C. Combining online and offline learning. D. Learning without teachers. Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·天津和平·期末）Artificial Intelligence, or AI, is a hot topic today. Many people are excited about its possibilities, while others worry about its risks. So, what is AI, and how does it affect our lives? AI is a technology that allows computers to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. For example, AI can recognize faces in photos, understand spoken language, and even play chess better than world champions. You may have used AI without knowing it. When you use a map app to find the best route, or when your phone suggests words while you are typing, that is AI working behind the scenes. AI is also changing education. Smart learning systems can analyze a student's strengths and weaknesses, then create a personal study plan. Some AI tutors can answer students' questions 24 hours a day. This helps students learn more efficiently, especially those in remote areas who cannot access good teachers. However, AI also brings challenges. Some people worry that AI will replace human workers. Others are concerned about privacy, as AI systems need large amounts of personal data to work well. There are also ethical questions, such as who should be responsible if an AI system makes a wrong decision. AI is a powerful technology that will continue to develop. It is important for us to learn about AI and use it responsibly. Schools in some countries have already started teaching AI basics to middle school students. Perhaps in the near future, AI will become a regular subject in schools around the world. ( )1. What is AI according to the passage? A. A kind of robot. B. A technology that allows computers to perform tasks requiring human intelligence. C. A new type of computer. D. A social media app. ( )2. Which of the following is an example of AI mentioned in the passage? A. Writing a letter by hand. B. Using a map app to find the best route. C. Reading a paper book. D. Talking with a friend face to face. ( )3. How can AI help in education? A. It can replace all teachers. B. It can analyze students' strengths and create personal study plans. C. It can do homework for students. D. It can close all schools. ( )4. What are people worried about regarding AI? A. It will make life too easy. B. It will replace workers and raise privacy concerns. C. It will cost too much money. D. It will make computers too small. ( )5. What does the writer think about the future of AI education? A. AI will never be taught in schools. B. AI is too difficult for students to learn. C. AI may become a regular subject in schools. D. Schools should not use AI at all. 话题2 中国传统文化 Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·福建福州·期末）The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that connected China with the Western world. It was not just a single road, but a series of paths that stretched over 6,000 kilometers from Chang'an (modern Xi'an) in China to the Mediterranean Sea. The Silk Road got its name from the valuable silk that was traded along it. Chinese silk was highly prized in ancient Rome, where it was worth its weight in gold. However, silk was not the only thing traded. Merchants also carried spices, tea, porcelain, and paper from China to the West. In return, they brought glass, gold, wool, and new foods such as grapes and walnuts to China. Besides goods, the Silk Road was also a channel for cultural exchange. Chinese inventions like papermaking and printing spread to the West through this route. At the same time, religions like Buddhism traveled from India to China along the Silk Road. Music, art, and ideas also flowed in both directions, enriching the cultures of both East and West. The Silk Road played an important role in world history. It helped different civilizations understand and learn from each other. Today, China is working with many countries to build a new "Belt and Road" initiative, which is inspired by the ancient Silk Road. This modern project aims to promote trade and friendship between nations, just like its ancient predecessor did thousands of years ago. ( )1. How long was the Silk Road from Chang'an to the Mediterranean Sea? A. About 1,000 kilometers. B. About 3,000 kilometers. C. About 6,000 kilometers. D. About 10,000 kilometers. ( )2. Why was the Silk Road given that name? A. Because it was made of silk. B. Because silk was the most valuable product traded along it. C. Because it was built by silk merchants. D. Because it was as smooth as silk. ( )3. What Chinese inventions spread to the West through the Silk Road? A. Glass and gold. B. Papermaking and printing. C. Wool and grapes. D. Buddhism and music. ( )4. What does the "Belt and Road" initiative aim to do? A. Build new roads in China only. B. Promote trade and friendship between nations. C. Stop the spread of Western culture. D. Replace the ancient Silk Road. ( )5. What is the best title for this passage? A. How Silk Was Made in Ancient China B. The Silk Road: Trade and Cultural Exchange C. Modern Roads in China D. The History of Buddhism Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·四川成都·期末）Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a history of over 2,000 years. It includes various forms of treatment such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, and massage. TCM is based on the idea that the human body is a balanced system. When this balance is broken, illness occurs. The goal of TCM is to restore the balance and help the body heal itself. Herbal medicine is one of the most important parts of TCM. Doctors use plants, minerals, and sometimes animal parts to make medicine. For example, ginseng is a famous herb that is believed to increase energy and improve health. Many Chinese families still use traditional herbal remedies for common illnesses like colds and stomach problems. Acupuncture is another well-known TCM treatment. It involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body. According to TCM theory, this helps the flow of qi (energy) in the body. Although Western scientists are still studying how acupuncture works, millions of people around the world use it to treat pain and other health problems. In recent years, TCM has gained more attention worldwide. The World Health Organization has included TCM in its global medical guidelines. Many countries now have TCM clinics and schools. As more scientific research is done on TCM, people are beginning to better understand its value and effectiveness. ( )1. What is TCM based on? A. The idea that medicine should be made from chemicals. B. The idea that the human body is a balanced system. C. The idea that illness cannot be cured. D. The idea that only surgery can cure diseases. ( )2. What is ginseng believed to do? A. Cure all diseases. B. Increase energy and improve health. C. Reduce the cost of medicine. D. Replace acupuncture. ( )3. What does acupuncture involve? A. Drinking herbal tea. B. Inserting thin needles into specific points on the body. C. Taking special medicine. D. Doing exercise every day. ( )4. What has the World Health Organization done regarding TCM? A. It has banned TCM worldwide. B. It has included TCM in its global medical guidelines. C. It has said TCM is not effective. D. It has closed all TCM clinics. ( )5. What is the passage mainly about? A. Western medicine. B. The history of hospitals in China. C. Traditional Chinese Medicine and its treatments. D. Different types of sports in China. Passage 6 （25-26八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important traditional festival in China. It falls on the first day of the first lunar month, usually between late January and mid-February. The festival has a history of over 3,000 years and is celebrated not only in China but also in many other Asian countries. Preparations for the Spring Festival usually begin weeks in advance. Families clean their houses thoroughly to sweep away bad luck and welcome good fortune. They decorate doors and windows with red couplets and paper-cuttings. The color red is believed to drive away evil spirits and bring happiness. On New Year's Eve, family members gather for a big reunion dinner. This is the most important meal of the year. Dishes like fish and dumplings are served because their names sound like words for abundance and good fortune. After dinner, families stay up late to watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV and set off fireworks at midnight. During the festival, children receive red envelopes containing money from their parents and relatives. This tradition, called "hongbao", is meant to pass on good wishes and blessings to the younger generation. People also visit friends and relatives to exchange greetings and good wishes for the new year. Today, while some traditions have changed with modern life, the Spring Festival remains a time for family reunion and cultural heritage. Many young people working in cities travel long distances to return home, creating the world's largest annual human migration known as "Chunyun". ( )1. When does the Spring Festival usually fall? A. On January 1st. B. On the first day of the first lunar month. C. On December 31st. D. On the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. ( )2. Why do families clean their houses before the Spring Festival? A. To welcome guests. B. To sweep away bad luck and welcome good fortune. C. To prepare for house repairs. D. To exercise together. ( )3. Why are fish and dumplings served on New Year's Eve? A. Because they are the cheapest food. B. Because their names sound like words for abundance and good fortune. C. Because they are easy to cook. D. Because everyone likes them. ( )4. What does "hongbao" mean? A. A kind of food. B. Red envelopes containing money given to children. C. A type of fireworks. D. A TV program. ( )5. What is "Chunyun"? A. A type of traditional food. B. The world's largest annual human migration during the Spring Festival. C. A popular TV show. D. A new kind of transportation. 话题3 文学经典 Passage 7 （25-26八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Teahouse is one of the most famous plays in Chinese literature. It was written by Lao She, one of China's greatest writers, in 1957. The play takes place in a teahouse in Beijing and spans over 50 years of Chinese history, from the late Qing Dynasty to the end of the Republic of China period. The main character is Wang Lifa, the owner of Yutai Teahouse. He is a kind and clever man who tries hard to keep his business running through difficult times. In the play, the teahouse serves as a window into Chinese society. All kinds of people come to the teahouse — officials, merchants, soldiers, artists, and common folks. Through their conversations and stories, the audience can see how Chinese society changed during that period. Lao She uses the teahouse to show the problems of Chinese society at that time. The first act shows a declining Qing Dynasty, the second act shows warlord conflicts, and the third act shows the dark days before liberation. Despite Wang Lifa's efforts to adapt to each new political situation, he ultimately fails to save his teahouse. What makes Teahouse special is that it brings together over 70 characters in just three acts. Each character, no matter how small their role, has a distinct personality and story. Lao She's vivid writing makes the audience feel as if they are sitting in the teahouse, watching history unfold before their eyes. Today, Teahouse is still performed regularly in Beijing and other cities. It is considered a cultural symbol of Beijing and a masterpiece of modern Chinese drama. Many foreigners who visit Beijing also go to see this play to better understand Chinese culture and history. ( )1. Who wrote the play Teahouse? A. Lu Xun. B. Lao She. C. Ba Jin. D. Mao Dun. ( )2. What is Wang Lifa's role in the play? A. A government official. B. A soldier. C. The owner of Yutai Teahouse. D. An artist. ( )3. How does Lao She show the changes in Chinese society? A. Through descriptions of wars. B. Through the stories and conversations of people in the teahouse. C. Through historical records only. D. Through newspaper articles. ( )4. What is special about the play Teahouse? A. It has only one act. B. It brings together over 70 characters in just three acts. C. It is the longest play in the world. D. It has no main character. ( )5. Why do many foreigners go to see Teahouse? A. Because it is the cheapest play in Beijing. B. To better understand Chinese culture and history. C. Because they want to drink tea there. D. Because it is the only play in China. Passage 8 （25-26八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）Reading is one of the most important habits a person can develop, especially during the teenage years. But with so many choices, how do you pick the right books to read? First, start with the classics. Classic books have stood the test of time and offer valuable insights into human nature and society. For Chinese readers, works like Journey to the West and Dream of the Red Chamber are great choices. They not only tell exciting stories but also reflect Chinese culture and values. For world literature, books like Romeo and Juliet and The Old Man and the Sea are excellent starting points. Second, read books that match your interests. If you enjoy science, try reading science fiction like The Three-Body Problem. If you like history, historical novels can bring the past to life. When you read about topics you are interested in, reading becomes fun rather than a chore. Third, don't be afraid of thick books. Many students avoid long novels because they seem difficult. However, if you read just 20 pages a day, you can finish a 600-page book in one month. The key is to be consistent and patient. Finally, keep a reading journal. After finishing a book, write down your thoughts and favorite quotes. This helps you remember what you read and develop your own opinions. Over time, you will build a personal library of knowledge and wisdom that will benefit you throughout your life. Remember, the best book is the one you actually read. So pick up a book today and start your reading journey! ( )1. What is the first advice for choosing books? A. Read only thin books. B. Start with the classics. C. Read what your friends read. D. Only read Chinese books. ( )2. What kind of book is The Three-Body Problem? A. A historical novel. B. A science fiction book. C. A love story. D. A book about sports. ( )3. How many pages should you read a day to finish a 600-page book in one month? A. 10 pages. B. 15 pages. C. 20 pages. D. 30 pages. ( )4. What is the purpose of keeping a reading journal? A. To show off to friends. B. To remember what you read and develop your own opinions. C. To get better grades in exams. D. To write a book review for the teacher. ( )5. What does the writer mean by "the best book is the one you actually read"? A. You should only read one book in your life. B. Thick books are always the best. C. The most important thing is to start reading. D. You should only read famous books. Passage 9 （25-26八年级下·山东济南·期末）Mo Yan, whose real name is Guan Moye, is one of China's most celebrated writers. He was born in 1955 in a small village in Shandong Province. His pen name "Mo Yan" means "don't speak" in Chinese, which reflects his childhood experience of being told not to speak too much. Mo Yan grew up in a poor family. He left school at the age of 12 and started working in the fields. Despite the hardship, he never gave up his love for reading and writing. He read every book he could find and started writing stories when he was very young. His early life in the countryside gave him rich material for his later works. Mo Yan's novels are known for their vivid descriptions of rural life in China. He often uses magical realism, a writing style that mixes real events with magical elements. His most famous novel, Red Sorghum, tells the story of a family living in Northeast Gaomi, dealing with war, love, and survival. The novel was later adapted into a successful film by director Zhang Yimou. In 2012, Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the first Chinese citizen to win this honor. The Nobel Committee praised him for his ability to combine "hallucinatory realism with folk tales, history and the contemporary." Mo Yan's success shows that great literature can come from anywhere. His stories about ordinary Chinese farmers have touched readers all over the world, proving that personal experiences and local culture can become universal art. ( )1. What does Mo Yan's pen name mean? A. Speak loudly. B. Don't speak. C. Write more. D. Keep silent forever. ( )2. Why did Mo Yan leave school at 12? A. Because he didn't like studying. B. Because his family was poor. C. Because the school closed. D. Because he wanted to be a writer. ( )3. What is Mo Yan's writing style? A. Science fiction. B. Magical realism. C. Detective stories. D. Romance novels. ( )4. When did Mo Yan win the Nobel Prize in Literature? A. In 2008. B. In 2010. C. In 2012. D. In 2014. ( )5. What can we learn from Mo Yan's story? A. Only rich people can become writers. B. Great literature can come from ordinary experiences. C. Writers must go to university. D. Writers should only write about cities. 话题4 中外文化对比 Passage 10 （25-26八年级下·重庆渝中·期末）When Westerners first came to China, they were surprised by many things. One of the biggest differences they noticed was the way Chinese people eat. In the West, each person has their own plate of food. In China, however, dishes are placed in the center of the table, and everyone shares them. This tradition of sharing food reflects the Chinese value of togetherness and family unity. Another difference is the use of chopsticks. Westerners use knives and forks, while Chinese people have been using chopsticks for over 3,000 years. Learning to use chopsticks properly is considered an important skill in Chinese culture. It is believed that using chopsticks helps develop fine motor skills and even intelligence. The concept of time also differs between cultures. In the West, being on time is very important. Meetings and appointments usually start exactly at the scheduled time. In China, however, there is more flexibility. Being 5 or 10 minutes late is often acceptable, especially for social gatherings among friends. Gift-giving customs are also different. In the West, people usually open gifts immediately and express their gratitude. In China, it is considered polite to open gifts later, in private. Also, giving a clock as a gift is taboo in China because the phrase "giving a clock" sounds like "attending a funeral" in Chinese. Understanding these cultural differences is important in today's globalized world. When we learn about other cultures, we not only avoid misunderstandings but also enrich our own perspectives. As the Chinese saying goes, "Harmony in diversity" — we can live together happily while keeping our unique traditions. ( )1. What is one big difference between Chinese and Western eating habits? A. Chinese people eat more food. B. In China, dishes are shared in the center of the table. C. Western people eat with chopsticks. D. Chinese people eat alone. ( )2. How long have Chinese people been using chopsticks? A. About 1,000 years. B. About 2,000 years. C. Over 3,000 years. D. About 500 years. ( )3. What is the Chinese attitude towards being late? A. Being late is never acceptable. B. Being 5 or 10 minutes late is often acceptable for social gatherings. C. Chinese people are always late. D. Chinese people never make appointments. ( )4. Why is giving a clock as a gift taboo in China? A. Because clocks are too expensive. B. Because it sounds like "attending a funeral" in Chinese. C. Because Chinese people don't like clocks. D. Because clocks are difficult to wrap. ( )5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Chinese culture is better than Western culture. B. Western culture is more advanced. C. Understanding cultural differences helps avoid misunderstandings and enriches perspectives. D. People should only learn their own culture. Passage 11 （25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期末）Chinese tea culture and British tea culture are two of the world's most famous tea traditions. Although both cultures center around the same drink, they are quite different in many ways. In China, tea has a history of over 4,000 years. The Chinese tea ceremony emphasizes the art of preparing and serving tea. Each type of tea requires a specific water temperature and brewing time. Green tea, for example, should be brewed with water at about 80 degrees Celsius for 2-3 minutes. The focus is on appreciating the natural flavor and aroma of the tea leaves. Tea is usually drunk in small cups, and the same leaves can be brewed multiple times. In Britain, tea drinking became popular in the 17th century after it was introduced from China. British tea culture is quite different. The famous "afternoon tea" includes not just tea but also sandwiches, scones, and cakes. The British usually drink black tea with milk and sugar. Unlike the Chinese, they use large teapots and big cups. The social functions of tea are also different. In China, serving tea to guests is a sign of respect and hospitality. During important family events like weddings, the bride and groom serve tea to their elders. In Britain, afternoon tea is mainly a social occasion for friends to chat and relax. Despite these differences, both cultures show that tea is more than just a drink. It is a way to connect with others and to enjoy a moment of peace in a busy day. ( )1. How long has tea had a history in China? A. About 1,000 years. B. About 2,000 years. C. Over 3,000 years. D. Over 4,000 years. ( )2. What temperature should be used to brew green tea? A. 60 degrees Celsius. B. 80 degrees Celsius. C. 100 degrees Celsius. D. 120 degrees Celsius. ( )3. What is usually included in British afternoon tea? A. Only tea. B. Tea with sandwiches, scones, and cakes. C. Green tea and dumplings. D. Coffee and cookies. ( )4. What does serving tea to guests mean in China? A. A sign of respect and hospitality. B. Just a way to offer a drink. C. A way to show off expensive tea. D. A tradition that has no meaning. ( )5. What do Chinese and British tea cultures have in common? A. They use the same kind of tea. B. They both show tea is a way to connect with others. C. They have the same brewing methods. D. They both use small cups. 第 1 页 共 三十一 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Passage 12 （25-26八年级下·湖南长沙·期末）Education systems vary greatly around the world. Understanding these differences can help us appreciate different approaches to learning and perhaps improve our own education. In China, the education system emphasizes discipline and hard work. Students typically have long school days, often from 7:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., with additional homework in the evening. There is strong focus on examinations, especially the zhongkao and gaokao, which determine students' paths to high school and university. Chinese students generally excel in mathematics and science, ranking highly in international tests like PISA. In contrast, the Finnish education system takes a very different approach. Finnish students have shorter school days and very little homework. There are almost no standardized tests until the end of high school. Teachers have great freedom to design their own lessons, and students are encouraged to learn through play and exploration. Despite this relaxed approach, Finland consistently ranks among the top countries in education quality. The American education system values diversity and individual development. Students can choose from a wide range of subjects and extracurricular activities. There is strong emphasis on critical thinking, creativity, and public speaking. However, the quality of education varies greatly between public and private schools, and between wealthy and poor neighborhoods. Each system has its strengths and weaknesses. The Chinese system produces students with strong basic skills and work ethics. The Finnish system shows that less pressure can also lead to excellent results. The American system encourages individuality and creativity. Perhaps the best education would combine the best elements of all three approaches. ( )1. What do Chinese students typically focus on? A. Sports and arts. B. Discipline, hard work, and examinations. C. Part-time jobs. D. Traveling abroad. ( )2. What is special about the Finnish education system? A. Students have long school days. B. There are many standardized tests. C. Students have shorter school days and very little homework. D. Teachers must follow strict lesson plans. ( )3. What does the American education system value? A. Only academic subjects. B. Diversity and individual development. C. Memorization and repetition. D. Strict discipline and obedience. ( )4. What is a weakness of the American education system? A. Students cannot choose subjects. B. The quality of education varies greatly between schools and neighborhoods. C. There are too many extracurricular activities. D. Students have too much homework. ( )5. What does the writer suggest about education? A. The Chinese system is the best. B. The Finnish system is the best. C. The best education would combine the best elements of different approaches. D. All education systems should be the same. 话题5 科技创新 Passage 13 （25-26八年级下·安徽合肥·期末）Mobile payment has changed the way Chinese people live. If you visit China today, you will find that almost everyone pays with their mobile phones. From buying vegetables at a street market to paying utility bills, mobile payment has become a part of daily life. The two most popular mobile payment platforms in China are Alipay and WeChat Pay. Together, they handle over 90% of mobile transactions in the country. Using these apps is simple. You just scan a QR code with your phone, enter your password or use fingerprint recognition, and the payment is complete. The whole process takes less than 10 seconds. Mobile payment offers many advantages. First, it is convenient. You don't need to carry cash or worry about getting change. Second, it is safer than carrying large amounts of cash. Third, it helps keep records of your spending, which makes it easier to manage your money. Many apps even offer discounts and rewards when you use mobile payment. However, mobile payment also has some problems. Elderly people who are not familiar with smartphones may find it difficult to use. There are also concerns about data privacy and security. What if someone steals your phone or hacks into your account? Despite these concerns, mobile payment continues to grow rapidly. It has even spread to other countries, with Chinese tourists using Alipay and WeChat Pay in places like Japan, Thailand, and Europe. Mobile payment is not just a technology — it is a lifestyle revolution. ( )1. What are the two most popular mobile payment platforms in China? A. Apple Pay and Google Pay. B. Alipay and WeChat Pay. C. PayPal and Visa. D. UnionPay and Bitcoin. ( )2. How long does a mobile payment usually take? A. More than 1 minute. B. About 30 seconds. C. Less than 10 seconds. D. About 5 minutes. ( )3. What advantage of mobile payment is mentioned in the passage? A. It earns interest. B. It is convenient and helps keep spending records. C. It replaces banks completely. D. It gives free phones to users. ( )4. What is a problem of mobile payment mentioned in the passage? A. It is too expensive. B. Elderly people may find it difficult to use. C. It is too slow. D. It only works in big cities. ( )5. What does the writer think of mobile payment? A. It is just a temporary trend. B. It is a lifestyle revolution. C. It should be banned. D. It is only useful for young people. Passage 14 （25-26八年级下·河北石家庄·期末）Have you ever dreamed of traveling to space? For a long time, space travel was only possible for highly trained astronauts. But now, private companies are making space tourism a reality for ordinary people. SpaceX, founded by Elon Musk in 2002, has been leading this revolution. The company has developed reusable rockets that can land back on Earth after launching. This technology greatly reduces the cost of space travel. In 2021, SpaceX sent four private citizens into orbit for three days, marking the first all-civilian space mission in history. Another company, Blue Origin, founded by Jeff Bezos, is also working on space tourism. Their spacecraft takes passengers to the edge of space, where they can experience weightlessness and see the curvature of the Earth. The whole trip lasts only about 11 minutes, but it costs around $200,000 per person. Of course, space tourism is still in its early stages. The tickets are extremely expensive, and the trips are short. There are also safety concerns. Rockets are complex machines, and accidents can happen. Critics argue that the money spent on space tourism could be better used to solve problems on Earth. However, supporters believe that space tourism will bring long-term benefits. As the technology improves and more companies enter the market, prices will come down. In the future, space travel might become as common as air travel is today. Who knows? Your next vacation might be in space! ( )1. Who founded SpaceX? A. Jeff Bezos. B. Bill Gates. C. Elon Musk. D. Mark Zuckerberg. ( )2. What makes SpaceX's rockets special? A. They are the biggest rockets. B. They are reusable and can land back on Earth. C. They can travel to other galaxies. D. They are made of gold. ( )3. How much does a Blue Origin space trip cost? A. About $20,000. B. About $100,000. C. About $200,000. D. About $1,000,000. ( )4. What do critics say about space tourism? A. It is the best use of money. B. The money could be better used to solve problems on Earth. C. It should be free for everyone. D. It is completely safe. ( )5. What do supporters believe about the future of space tourism? A. It will always be expensive. B. It will become as common as air travel. C. It will be banned. D. It will only be for scientists. Passage 15 （25-26八年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）Imagine a city where cars drive themselves, traffic jams are rare, and accidents almost never happen. This is not a scene from a science fiction movie — it is the future that self-driving car technology promises to bring. Self-driving cars use a combination of sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence to navigate roads. The car's computer system processes information from these devices in real time, making decisions about speed, direction, and braking. Advanced self-driving cars can even recognize traffic signs, pedestrians, and other vehicles. The benefits of self-driving cars are significant. First, they could greatly reduce traffic accidents. Studies show that about 90% of car accidents are caused by human error. Self-driving cars do not get tired, drunk, or distracted. Second, they could reduce traffic jams. Self-driving cars can communicate with each other and coordinate their movements, allowing more cars to use the same road safely. Third, they would give elderly and disabled people more independence. However, there are still challenges to overcome. The technology needs to work perfectly in all weather conditions, including heavy rain and snow. There are also legal and ethical questions. If a self-driving car has an accident, who is responsible — the car owner, the car maker, or the software developer? Many companies, including Tesla, Google, and Chinese firms like Baidu, are investing heavily in self-driving technology. While fully self-driving cars are not yet available for everyday use, experts believe they could become common within the next 10 to 20 years. ( )1. What do self-driving cars use to navigate roads? A. Only GPS. B. A combination of sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence. C. Only human drivers. D. Road maps only. ( )2. What percentage of car accidents are caused by human error? A. About 50%. B. About 70%. C. About 90%. D. About 100%. ( )3. How could self-driving cars reduce traffic jams? A. By driving faster. B. By communicating with each other and coordinating movements. C. By using smaller roads. D. By reducing the number of cars. ( )4. What challenge do self-driving cars still face? A. They are too cheap. B. The technology needs to work in all weather conditions. C. They cannot recognize traffic signs. D. There are too many companies investing in them. ( )5. When do experts believe self-driving cars could become common? A. Within 2 years. B. Within 5 years. C. Within 10 to 20 years. D. Within 50 years. 话题6 历史古迹与文化遗产 Passage 16 （25-26八年级下·陕西西安·期末）The Great Wall of China is one of the most famous structures in the world. It stretches over 21,000 kilometers across northern China, from the east coast to the deserts of the west. The wall was built over many centuries, with the earliest parts dating back to the 7th century BCE. The most well-known sections of the Great Wall were built during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). These sections are made of bricks and stones and feature watchtowers every few hundred meters. Soldiers used these towers to watch for enemies and to send signals using smoke during the day and fire at night. Contrary to popular belief, the Great Wall cannot be seen from space with the naked eye. This is a common myth. The wall is only about 6 meters wide on average, which is too narrow to be seen from such a great distance. However, it is still an amazing engineering achievement. Millions of workers labored for centuries to build it, and thousands lost their lives in the process. Today, the Great Wall is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of China's most popular tourist attractions. Over 10 million people visit the wall every year. The most visited sections are near Beijing, such as Badaling and Mutianyu. However, many parts of the wall are in poor condition due to natural erosion and lack of maintenance. The Chinese government has been working hard to protect and restore the Great Wall. In 2006, a law was passed to protect the wall from damage caused by tourism and development. The goal is to preserve this incredible monument for future generations to appreciate and learn from. ( )1. How long is the Great Wall? A. About 2,100 kilometers. B. About 10,000 kilometers. C. Over 21,000 kilometers. D. About 100,000 kilometers. ( )2. When were the most well-known sections of the Great Wall built? A. During the Qin Dynasty. B. During the Han Dynasty. C. During the Ming Dynasty. D. During the Tang Dynasty. ( )3. What is a common myth about the Great Wall? A. It was built in one year. B. It can be seen from space with the naked eye. C. It is made of gold. D. It is the longest river in the world. ( )4. Why are many parts of the Great Wall in poor condition? A. Because people built houses on it. B. Because of natural erosion and lack of maintenance. C. Because it was bombed in wars. D. Because tourists took bricks as souvenirs. ( )5. What did the Chinese government do to protect the Great Wall? A. Closed all sections to tourists. B. Passed a law in 2006. C. Built a new wall next to it. D. Moved it to a safer place. Passage 17 （25-26八年级下·甘肃兰州·期末）The Terracotta Army is one of the greatest archaeological discoveries in the world. It was discovered in 1974 by farmers digging a well near Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. The army consists of thousands of life-sized clay soldiers, horses, and chariots that were buried with Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China. The purpose of the Terracotta Army was to protect the emperor in the afterlife. Qin Shihuang believed that he would need an army in his next life, just as he had one in his earthly life. The clay soldiers were made to look like real soldiers, with different facial features, hairstyles, and uniforms. Each soldier is unique — no two faces are exactly the same. The craftsmanship of the Terracotta Army is remarkable. The soldiers were made in pieces — heads, arms, legs, and bodies were created separately and then put together. After assembly, they were painted with bright colors. However, most of the paint has faded over the 2,000 years they were underground. Archaeologists estimate that there are over 8,000 soldiers, 130 chariots, and 670 horses in the three pits that have been discovered so far. However, many of the figures were broken and have had to be carefully restored. The restoration process is slow and difficult, as each piece must be matched and glued together by hand. Today, the Terracotta Army is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most visited tourist attractions in China. It attracts millions of visitors from around the world every year. The site not only shows the power and ambition of Qin Shihuang but also the incredible artistic and technical skills of ancient Chinese craftsmen. ( )1. When was the Terracotta Army discovered? A. In 1964. B. In 1974. C. In 1984. D. In 1994. ( )2. Why was the Terracotta Army created? A. To decorate the emperor's palace. B. To protect the emperor in the afterlife. C. To fight real wars. D. To celebrate the emperor's birthday. ( )3. What is special about the Terracotta soldiers? A. They all look exactly the same. B. Each soldier is unique with different facial features. C. They are all very small. D. They are made of gold. ( )4. How many soldiers are estimated to be in the three pits? A. About 1,000. B. About 3,000. C. Over 8,000. D. Over 100,000. ( )5. What does the Terracotta Army show us about ancient China? A. Ancient China had no technology. B. The power and ambition of Qin Shihuang and the skills of ancient craftsmen. C. Ancient Chinese people did not like art. D. The first emperor was not important. Passage 18 （25-26八年级下·山东青岛·期末）Dunhuang is a small city in the northwest of China, but it holds one of the world's greatest cultural treasures — the Mogao Caves. Also known as the Thousand Buddha Grottoes, this site contains 735 caves with over 45,000 square meters of murals and 2,415 clay sculptures. The caves were created over a period of 1,000 years, from the 4th to the 14th century. During this time, Dunhuang was an important stop on the Silk Road. Merchants, monks, and travelers from different cultures passed through the city, bringing with them their religions, art styles, and ideas. This cultural exchange is reflected in the artwork of the caves. The murals in the Mogao Caves depict religious stories, daily life, music, and dance from ancient times. Some paintings show scenes from the life of Buddha, while others portray Chinese emperors, foreign traders, and ordinary people going about their daily activities. The colors used in the murals were made from precious minerals, which is why many of them have remained vivid even after more than a thousand years. One of the most famous discoveries at Mogao was the Library Cave, found in 1900. It contained nearly 50,000 ancient documents, including the oldest printed book in the world, the Diamond Sutra, which dates back to 868 CE. Unfortunately, many of these valuable documents were taken to foreign countries by explorers and are now scattered in museums around the world. Today, the Mogao Caves are a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major tourist destination. However, the increasing number of visitors poses a threat to the fragile artworks. To protect the caves, authorities have limited the number of visitors per day and use digital technology to create virtual tours. These efforts aim to preserve this priceless cultural heritage for future generations. ( )1. How many caves are there in the Mogao Caves? A. 135 caves. B. 335 caves. C. 535 caves. D. 735 caves. ( )2. How long did it take to create the caves? A. About 100 years. B. About 500 years. C. About 1,000 years. D. About 2,000 years. ( )3. What was discovered in the Library Cave in 1900? A. Ancient weapons. B. Nearly 50,000 ancient documents including the Diamond Sutra. C. Gold coins. D. Silk clothing. ( )4. Why have many murals remained vivid after over a thousand years? A. Because they were repainted every year. B. Because the colors were made from precious minerals. C. Because they were protected by glass. D. Because the caves were air-conditioned. ( )5. What is being done to protect the Mogao Caves? A. More caves are being built. B. Visitor numbers are limited and virtual tours are created. C. All tourists are banned. D. The caves are being moved to a museum. 附录：阅读策略提示卡 题型 解题技巧 细节理解题 先读题干，定位关键词（数字、专有名词），回原文查找 推理判断题 寻找隐含信息，注意转折词（but, however）和情态动词 词义猜测题 根据上下文定义、对比、举例或构词法推测 主旨大意题 关注首段、末段及每段首句，排除过于宽泛或片面的选项 写作意图题 思考作者为什么写这篇文章：告知、劝说、娱乐、还是教育？ 第 三十 页 共 三十一 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题02 阅读理解之科技与文化 （期末复习专项训练答案） 话题1 互联网与科技 Passage 1: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.C Passage 2: 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C Passage 3: 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C 话题2 中国传统文化 Passage 4: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B Passage 5: 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C Passage 6: 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 话题3 文学经典 Passage 7: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.B Passage 8: 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C Passage 9: 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 话题4 中外文化对比 Passage 10: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C Passage 11: 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B Passage 12: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 话题5 科技创新 Passage 13: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.B Passage 14: 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B Passage 15: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 话题6 历史古迹与文化遗产 Passage 16: 1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.B Passage 17: 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B Passage 18: 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.B 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题02 阅读理解之科技与文化 （期末复习专项训练） 话题1 互联网与科技（U10对应·常考点） P1, P2, P3 话题2 中国传统文化（U11对应·重点+热点） P4, P5, P6 话题3 文学经典（U12对应） P1, P2, P3 话题4 中外文化对比（跨学科） P1, P2, P3 话题5 科技创新（情境创新） P1, P2, P3 话题6 历史古迹与文化遗产（新考法） P1, P2, P3 话题1 互联网与科技 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·北京海淀·期末）The Internet has become an important part of our daily life. It brings us a lot of convenience, but it also causes some problems. The key is to use the Internet wisely. One of the biggest advantages of the Internet is that it makes learning easier. Students can search for information, watch educational videos, and take online courses. For example, if you don't understand a math problem, you can find many teaching videos online. Some websites also offer free courses from famous universities around the world. However, spending too much time online can be harmful. Many teenagers are addicted to online games and social media. They spend hours scrolling through short videos or chatting with friends, which takes away time from studying and exercise. Studies show that teenagers who spend more than 3 hours a day on recreational Internet use often have worse grades and poorer health. To use the Internet wisely, we should set clear rules for ourselves. First, limit recreational screen time to no more than 1 hour a day. Second, use the Internet mainly for learning and communication, not just for entertainment. Third, never share personal information with strangers online. The Internet is a powerful tool. Like any tool, it can be used for good or bad purposes. The choice is ours. ( )1. What is one of the biggest advantages of the Internet according to the passage? A. It makes online games more popular. B. It makes learning easier. C. It helps teenagers make more friends. D. It replaces traditional schools. ( )2. What problem does spending too much time online cause? A. It helps students get better grades. B. It makes teenagers healthier. C. It can be harmful and affect study and health. D. It improves communication skills. ( )3. How much recreational screen time does the writer suggest? A. No more than 30 minutes a day. B. No more than 1 hour a day. C. No more than 2 hours a day. D. No more than 3 hours a day. ( )4. What should we never do when using the Internet? A. Search for learning materials. B. Watch educational videos. C. Share personal information with strangers. D. Communicate with friends. ( )5. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A. The Internet is dangerous and we should not use it. B. We should use the Internet only for learning. C. The Internet has both advantages and disadvantages, and we should use it wisely. D. Teenagers should spend more time on online games. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章从利弊两方面分析了互联网对青少年学习生活的影响，并提出了合理使用互联网的建议。 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. C 【详细解析】 1. What is one of the biggest advantages of the Internet according to the passage?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"One of the biggest advantages of the Internet is that it makes learning easier."可知，互联网最大的优点之一是使学习变得更加容易。故选B项。 2. What problem does spending too much time online cause?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"spending too much time online can be harmful"以及"teenagers who spend more than 3 hours a day on recreational Internet use often have worse grades and poorer health"可知，花太多时间上网有害健康并影响学习。故选C项。 3. How much recreational screen time does the writer suggest?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"limit recreational screen time to no more than 1 hour a day"可知，作者建议每天娱乐性屏幕时间不超过1小时。故选B项。 4. What should we never do when using the Internet?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"never share personal information with strangers online"可知，在网上绝不与陌生人分享个人信息。故选C项。 5. What does the writer mainly want to tell us?【主旨大意题】 通读全文，文章先论述了互联网便利学习等优点，再指出沉迷上网的危害，最后提出合理使用互联网的建议。C选项"互联网有利有弊，我们应明智使用"最能概括主旨。故选C项。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·上海浦东·期末）Online learning has become more and more popular, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. Many students have experienced learning through computers or tablets at home. But is online learning really better than traditional classroom learning? Online learning has several advantages. First, it is flexible. Students can learn at their own pace and choose when to study. If you don't understand something, you can watch the video again. Second, it saves time and money. You don't need to spend time traveling to school, and many online courses are free or cost less than traditional classes. However, online learning also has its disadvantages. The biggest problem is that it requires strong self-discipline. Without a teacher watching, many students find it hard to focus. They may play games or check social media instead of listening to the lesson. Another problem is the lack of face-to-face interaction. Students cannot ask questions immediately or discuss with classmates as easily as in a real classroom. In my opinion, the best way to learn is to combine online and offline learning. We can use online resources to preview and review lessons, while using classroom time to ask questions and have discussions. This way, we can enjoy the benefits of both learning methods. ( )1. What made online learning more popular? A. The development of computers. B. The COVID-19 pandemic. C. The increase of school fees. D. The shortage of teachers. ( )2. What is one advantage of online learning? A. Students can play games during class. B. It is flexible and students can learn at their own pace. C. Students don't need to do homework. D. Teachers can watch every student all the time. ( )3. What is the biggest problem of online learning? A. It costs too much money. B. It requires strong self-discipline. C. There are no teachers. D. Students cannot use computers. ( )4. Why do students find it hard to focus during online classes? A. Because the lessons are too difficult. B. Because there is no teacher watching them. C. Because the Internet is too slow. D. Because they don't like computers. ( )5. What does the writer suggest as the best way to learn? A. Only online learning. B. Only traditional classroom learning. C. Combining online and offline learning. D. Learning without teachers. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章对比分析了在线学习与传统课堂学习的优缺点，提出了线上线下相结合的学习方式。 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 【详细解析】 1. What made online learning more popular?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"Online learning has become more and more popular, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic."可知，COVID-19疫情使在线学习变得更加流行。故选B项。 2. What is one advantage of online learning?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"it is flexible. Students can learn at their own pace and choose when to study"可知，在线学习的优点之一是灵活，学生可以按照自己的节奏学习。故选B项。 3. What is the biggest problem of online learning?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"The biggest problem is that it requires strong self-discipline."可知，在线学习的最大问题是需要很强的自律能力。故选B项。 4. Why do students find it hard to focus during online classes?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"Without a teacher watching, many students find it hard to focus."可知，没有老师监督，许多学生很难集中注意力。故选B项。 5. What does the writer suggest as the best way to learn?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"the best way to learn is to combine online and offline learning"可知，作者认为最好的学习方式是将线上和线下学习结合起来。故选C项。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·天津和平·期末）Artificial Intelligence, or AI, is a hot topic today. Many people are excited about its possibilities, while others worry about its risks. So, what is AI, and how does it affect our lives? AI is a technology that allows computers to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. For example, AI can recognize faces in photos, understand spoken language, and even play chess better than world champions. You may have used AI without knowing it. When you use a map app to find the best route, or when your phone suggests words while you are typing, that is AI working behind the scenes. AI is also changing education. Smart learning systems can analyze a student's strengths and weaknesses, then create a personal study plan. Some AI tutors can answer students' questions 24 hours a day. This helps students learn more efficiently, especially those in remote areas who cannot access good teachers. However, AI also brings challenges. Some people worry that AI will replace human workers. Others are concerned about privacy, as AI systems need large amounts of personal data to work well. There are also ethical questions, such as who should be responsible if an AI system makes a wrong decision. AI is a powerful technology that will continue to develop. It is important for us to learn about AI and use it responsibly. Schools in some countries have already started teaching AI basics to middle school students. Perhaps in the near future, AI will become a regular subject in schools around the world. ( )1. What is AI according to the passage? A. A kind of robot. B. A technology that allows computers to perform tasks requiring human intelligence. C. A new type of computer. D. A social media app. ( )2. Which of the following is an example of AI mentioned in the passage? A. Writing a letter by hand. B. Using a map app to find the best route. C. Reading a paper book. D. Talking with a friend face to face. ( )3. How can AI help in education? A. It can replace all teachers. B. It can analyze students' strengths and create personal study plans. C. It can do homework for students. D. It can close all schools. ( )4. What are people worried about regarding AI? A. It will make life too easy. B. It will replace workers and raise privacy concerns. C. It will cost too much money. D. It will make computers too small. ( )5. What does the writer think about the future of AI education? A. AI will never be taught in schools. B. AI is too difficult for students to learn. C. AI may become a regular subject in schools. D. Schools should not use AI at all. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能的定义、在教育等领域的应用及其带来的挑战，展望了AI的未来发展。 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 【详细解析】 1. What is AI according to the passage?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"AI is a technology that allows computers to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence."可知，人工智能是一种让计算机执行通常需要人类智能的任务的技术。故选B项。 2. Which of the following is an example of AI mentioned in the passage?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"When you use a map app to find the best route...that is AI working behind the scenes."可知，使用地图应用找最佳路线是AI的一个例子。故选B项。 3. How can AI help in education?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"Smart learning systems can analyze a student's strengths and weaknesses, then create a personal study plan."可知，AI可以通过分析学生的优势和劣势来创建个性化的学习计划。故选B项。 4. What are people worried about regarding AI?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"Some people worry that AI will replace human workers. Others are concerned about privacy"可知，人们担心AI会取代人类工作者并引发隐私问题。故选B项。 5. What does the writer think about the future of AI education?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"Perhaps in the near future, AI will become a regular subject in schools around the world."可知，作者认为AI可能会成为学校的常规科目。故选C项。 话题2 中国传统文化 Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·福建福州·期末）The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that connected China with the Western world. It was not just a single road, but a series of paths that stretched over 6,000 kilometers from Chang'an (modern Xi'an) in China to the Mediterranean Sea. The Silk Road got its name from the valuable silk that was traded along it. Chinese silk was highly prized in ancient Rome, where it was worth its weight in gold. However, silk was not the only thing traded. Merchants also carried spices, tea, porcelain, and paper from China to the West. In return, they brought glass, gold, wool, and new foods such as grapes and walnuts to China. Besides goods, the Silk Road was also a channel for cultural exchange. Chinese inventions like papermaking and printing spread to the West through this route. At the same time, religions like Buddhism traveled from India to China along the Silk Road. Music, art, and ideas also flowed in both directions, enriching the cultures of both East and West. The Silk Road played an important role in world history. It helped different civilizations understand and learn from each other. Today, China is working with many countries to build a new "Belt and Road" initiative, which is inspired by the ancient Silk Road. This modern project aims to promote trade and friendship between nations, just like its ancient predecessor did thousands of years ago. ( )1. How long was the Silk Road from Chang'an to the Mediterranean Sea? A. About 1,000 kilometers. B. About 3,000 kilometers. C. About 6,000 kilometers. D. About 10,000 kilometers. ( )2. Why was the Silk Road given that name? A. Because it was made of silk. B. Because silk was the most valuable product traded along it. C. Because it was built by silk merchants. D. Because it was as smooth as silk. ( )3. What Chinese inventions spread to the West through the Silk Road? A. Glass and gold. B. Papermaking and printing. C. Wool and grapes. D. Buddhism and music. ( )4. What does the "Belt and Road" initiative aim to do? A. Build new roads in China only. B. Promote trade and friendship between nations. C. Stop the spread of Western culture. D. Replace the ancient Silk Road. ( )5. What is the best title for this passage? A. How Silk Was Made in Ancient China B. The Silk Road: Trade and Cultural Exchange C. Modern Roads in China D. The History of Buddhism 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了丝绸之路的历史、贸易商品以及文化交流的重要作用，并提到了今天的"一带一路"倡议。 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 【详细解析】 1. How long was the Silk Road from Chang'an to the Mediterranean Sea?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"a series of paths that stretched over 6,000 kilometers from Chang'an...to the Mediterranean Sea"可知，丝绸之路从长安延伸到地中海，全长约6000公里。故选C项。 2. Why was the Silk Road given that name?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"The Silk Road got its name from the valuable silk that was traded along it."可知，丝绸之路因其上交易的珍贵丝绸而得名。故选B项。 3. What Chinese inventions spread to the West through the Silk Road?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"Chinese inventions like papermaking and printing spread to the West through this route."可知，造纸术和印刷术通过丝绸之路传到了西方。故选B项。 4. What does the "Belt and Road" initiative aim to do?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"This modern project aims to promote trade and friendship between nations"可知，"一带一路"倡议旨在促进国家间的贸易和友谊。故选B项。 5. What is the best title for this passage?【主旨大意题】 通读全文，文章介绍了丝绸之路的历史、商品贸易以及文化交流的作用。B选项"丝绸之路：贸易与文化交流"最能概括主旨。故选B项。 Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·四川成都·期末）Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a history of over 2,000 years. It includes various forms of treatment such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, and massage. TCM is based on the idea that the human body is a balanced system. When this balance is broken, illness occurs. The goal of TCM is to restore the balance and help the body heal itself. Herbal medicine is one of the most important parts of TCM. Doctors use plants, minerals, and sometimes animal parts to make medicine. For example, ginseng is a famous herb that is believed to increase energy and improve health. Many Chinese families still use traditional herbal remedies for common illnesses like colds and stomach problems. Acupuncture is another well-known TCM treatment. It involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body. According to TCM theory, this helps the flow of qi (energy) in the body. Although Western scientists are still studying how acupuncture works, millions of people around the world use it to treat pain and other health problems. In recent years, TCM has gained more attention worldwide. The World Health Organization has included TCM in its global medical guidelines. Many countries now have TCM clinics and schools. As more scientific research is done on TCM, people are beginning to better understand its value and effectiveness. ( )1. What is TCM based on? A. The idea that medicine should be made from chemicals. B. The idea that the human body is a balanced system. C. The idea that illness cannot be cured. D. The idea that only surgery can cure diseases. ( )2. What is ginseng believed to do? A. Cure all diseases. B. Increase energy and improve health. C. Reduce the cost of medicine. D. Replace acupuncture. ( )3. What does acupuncture involve? A. Drinking herbal tea. B. Inserting thin needles into specific points on the body. C. Taking special medicine. D. Doing exercise every day. ( )4. What has the World Health Organization done regarding TCM? A. It has banned TCM worldwide. B. It has included TCM in its global medical guidelines. C. It has said TCM is not effective. D. It has closed all TCM clinics. ( )5. What is the passage mainly about? A. Western medicine. B. The history of hospitals in China. C. Traditional Chinese Medicine and its treatments. D. Different types of sports in China. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中医药的历史、主要治疗方式（草药、针灸）以及近年来在世界范围内的影响力提升。 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 【详细解析】 1. What is TCM based on?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"TCM is based on the idea that the human body is a balanced system."可知，中医建立在人体是一个平衡系统的理念之上。故选B项。 2. What is ginseng believed to do?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"ginseng is a famous herb that is believed to increase energy and improve health"可知，人参被认为能增加能量和改善健康。故选B项。 3. What does acupuncture involve?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"It involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body."可知，针灸涉及将细针插入身体的特定穴位。故选B项。 4. What has the World Health Organization done regarding TCM?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"The World Health Organization has included TCM in its global medical guidelines."可知，世界卫生组织已将中医纳入其全球医学指南。故选B项。 5. What is the passage mainly about?【主旨大意题】 通读全文，文章主要介绍了中医药的理念、主要治疗方式（草药和针灸）及其在世界范围内的影响力。C选项最能概括主旨。故选C项。 Passage 6 （25-26八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important traditional festival in China. It falls on the first day of the first lunar month, usually between late January and mid-February. The festival has a history of over 3,000 years and is celebrated not only in China but also in many other Asian countries. Preparations for the Spring Festival usually begin weeks in advance. Families clean their houses thoroughly to sweep away bad luck and welcome good fortune. They decorate doors and windows with red couplets and paper-cuttings. The color red is believed to drive away evil spirits and bring happiness. On New Year's Eve, family members gather for a big reunion dinner. This is the most important meal of the year. Dishes like fish and dumplings are served because their names sound like words for abundance and good fortune. After dinner, families stay up late to watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV and set off fireworks at midnight. During the festival, children receive red envelopes containing money from their parents and relatives. This tradition, called "hongbao", is meant to pass on good wishes and blessings to the younger generation. People also visit friends and relatives to exchange greetings and good wishes for the new year. Today, while some traditions have changed with modern life, the Spring Festival remains a time for family reunion and cultural heritage. Many young people working in cities travel long distances to return home, creating the world's largest annual human migration known as "Chunyun". ( )1. When does the Spring Festival usually fall? A. On January 1st. B. On the first day of the first lunar month. C. On December 31st. D. On the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. ( )2. Why do families clean their houses before the Spring Festival? A. To welcome guests. B. To sweep away bad luck and welcome good fortune. C. To prepare for house repairs. D. To exercise together. ( )3. Why are fish and dumplings served on New Year's Eve? A. Because they are the cheapest food. B. Because their names sound like words for abundance and good fortune. C. Because they are easy to cook. D. Because everyone likes them. ( )4. What does "hongbao" mean? A. A kind of food. B. Red envelopes containing money given to children. C. A type of fireworks. D. A TV program. ( )5. What is "Chunyun"? A. A type of traditional food. B. The world's largest annual human migration during the Spring Festival. C. A popular TV show. D. A new kind of transportation. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了春节的历史、传统习俗（扫尘、贴春联、年夜饭、红包等）以及现代庆祝方式。 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 【详细解析】 1. When does the Spring Festival usually fall?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"It falls on the first day of the first lunar month"可知，春节在农历正月初一。故选B项。 2. Why do families clean their houses before the Spring Festival?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"Families clean their houses thoroughly to sweep away bad luck and welcome good fortune."可知，打扫房子是为了扫走晦气、迎接好运。故选B项。 3. Why are fish and dumplings served on New Year's Eve?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"Dishes like fish and dumplings are served because their names sound like words for abundance and good fortune."可知，鱼和饺子的名字谐音寓意富足和好运。故选B项。 4. What does "hongbao" mean?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"children receive red envelopes containing money from their parents and relatives. This tradition, called "hongbao""可知，红包是给孩子的装有钱的红包。故选B项。 5. What is "Chunyun"?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"creating the world's largest annual human migration known as "Chunyun""可知，春运是世界上最大规模的年度人口迁徙。故选B项。 话题3 文学经典 Passage 7 （25-26八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Teahouse is one of the most famous plays in Chinese literature. It was written by Lao She, one of China's greatest writers, in 1957. The play takes place in a teahouse in Beijing and spans over 50 years of Chinese history, from the late Qing Dynasty to the end of the Republic of China period. The main character is Wang Lifa, the owner of Yutai Teahouse. He is a kind and clever man who tries hard to keep his business running through difficult times. In the play, the teahouse serves as a window into Chinese society. All kinds of people come to the teahouse — officials, merchants, soldiers, artists, and common folks. Through their conversations and stories, the audience can see how Chinese society changed during that period. Lao She uses the teahouse to show the problems of Chinese society at that time. The first act shows a declining Qing Dynasty, the second act shows warlord conflicts, and the third act shows the dark days before liberation. Despite Wang Lifa's efforts to adapt to each new political situation, he ultimately fails to save his teahouse. What makes Teahouse special is that it brings together over 70 characters in just three acts. Each character, no matter how small their role, has a distinct personality and story. Lao She's vivid writing makes the audience feel as if they are sitting in the teahouse, watching history unfold before their eyes. Today, Teahouse is still performed regularly in Beijing and other cities. It is considered a cultural symbol of Beijing and a masterpiece of modern Chinese drama. Many foreigners who visit Beijing also go to see this play to better understand Chinese culture and history. ( )1. Who wrote the play Teahouse? A. Lu Xun. B. Lao She. C. Ba Jin. D. Mao Dun. ( )2. What is Wang Lifa's role in the play? A. A government official. B. A soldier. C. The owner of Yutai Teahouse. D. An artist. ( )3. How does Lao She show the changes in Chinese society? A. Through descriptions of wars. B. Through the stories and conversations of people in the teahouse. C. Through historical records only. D. Through newspaper articles. ( )4. What is special about the play Teahouse? A. It has only one act. B. It brings together over 70 characters in just three acts. C. It is the longest play in the world. D. It has no main character. ( )5. Why do many foreigners go to see Teahouse? A. Because it is the cheapest play in Beijing. B. To better understand Chinese culture and history. C. Because they want to drink tea there. D. Because it is the only play in China. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了老舍的话剧《茶馆》的故事背景、主要人物、艺术特色及其在中国文学史上的地位。 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B 【详细解析】 1. Who wrote the play Teahouse?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"It was written by Lao She, one of China's greatest writers"可知，《茶馆》是老舍写的。故选B项。 2. What is Wang Lifa's role in the play?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"The main character is Wang Lifa, the owner of Yutai Teahouse."可知，王利发是裕泰茶馆的老板。故选C项。 3. How does Lao She show the changes in Chinese society?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"Through their conversations and stories, the audience can see how Chinese society changed during that period."可知，老舍通过茶馆中人物的对话和故事来展示中国社会的变迁。故选B项。 4. What is special about the play Teahouse?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"What makes Teahouse special is that it brings together over 70 characters in just three acts."可知，《茶馆》的特别之处在于三幕中汇聚了70多个人物。故选B项。 5. Why do many foreigners go to see Teahouse?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"Many foreigners who visit Beijing also go to see this play to better understand Chinese culture and history."可知，许多外国人看《茶馆》是为了更好地了解中国文化与历史。故选B项。 Passage 8 （25-26八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）Reading is one of the most important habits a person can develop, especially during the teenage years. But with so many choices, how do you pick the right books to read? First, start with the classics. Classic books have stood the test of time and offer valuable insights into human nature and society. For Chinese readers, works like Journey to the West and Dream of the Red Chamber are great choices. They not only tell exciting stories but also reflect Chinese culture and values. For world literature, books like Romeo and Juliet and The Old Man and the Sea are excellent starting points. Second, read books that match your interests. If you enjoy science, try reading science fiction like The Three-Body Problem. If you like history, historical novels can bring the past to life. When you read about topics you are interested in, reading becomes fun rather than a chore. Third, don't be afraid of thick books. Many students avoid long novels because they seem difficult. However, if you read just 20 pages a day, you can finish a 600-page book in one month. The key is to be consistent and patient. Finally, keep a reading journal. After finishing a book, write down your thoughts and favorite quotes. This helps you remember what you read and develop your own opinions. Over time, you will build a personal library of knowledge and wisdom that will benefit you throughout your life. Remember, the best book is the one you actually read. So pick up a book today and start your reading journey! ( )1. What is the first advice for choosing books? A. Read only thin books. B. Start with the classics. C. Read what your friends read. D. Only read Chinese books. ( )2. What kind of book is The Three-Body Problem? A. A historical novel. B. A science fiction book. C. A love story. D. A book about sports. ( )3. How many pages should you read a day to finish a 600-page book in one month? A. 10 pages. B. 15 pages. C. 20 pages. D. 30 pages. ( )4. What is the purpose of keeping a reading journal? A. To show off to friends. B. To remember what you read and develop your own opinions. C. To get better grades in exams. D. To write a book review for the teacher. ( )5. What does the writer mean by "the best book is the one you actually read"? A. You should only read one book in your life. B. Thick books are always the best. C. The most important thing is to start reading. D. You should only read famous books. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章为青少年如何选择和阅读书籍提供了四条建议：从经典开始、按兴趣选择、不怕厚书、做阅读笔记。 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 【详细解析】 1. What is the first advice for choosing books?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"First, start with the classics."可知，第一个建议是从经典作品开始阅读。故选B项。 2. What kind of book is The Three-Body Problem?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"If you enjoy science, try reading science fiction like The Three-Body Problem."可知，《三体》是一本科幻小说。故选B项。 3. How many pages should you read a day to finish a 600-page book in one month?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"if you read just 20 pages a day, you can finish a 600-page book in one month"可知，每天读20页，一个月可以读完600页的书。故选C项。 4. What is the purpose of keeping a reading journal?【细节理解题】 根据第五段"This helps you remember what you read and develop your own opinions."可知，做阅读笔记有助于记住读过的内容并形成自己的观点。故选B项。 5. What does the writer mean by "the best book is the one you actually read"?【句意理解题】 根据上下文，作者在前面给出了很多选书建议，最后说"最好的书是你真正去读的书"，意在鼓励读者不要纠结于选什么书，最重要的是开始阅读。故选C项。 Passage 9 （25-26八年级下·山东济南·期末）Mo Yan, whose real name is Guan Moye, is one of China's most celebrated writers. He was born in 1955 in a small village in Shandong Province. His pen name "Mo Yan" means "don't speak" in Chinese, which reflects his childhood experience of being told not to speak too much. Mo Yan grew up in a poor family. He left school at the age of 12 and started working in the fields. Despite the hardship, he never gave up his love for reading and writing. He read every book he could find and started writing stories when he was very young. His early life in the countryside gave him rich material for his later works. Mo Yan's novels are known for their vivid descriptions of rural life in China. He often uses magical realism, a writing style that mixes real events with magical elements. His most famous novel, Red Sorghum, tells the story of a family living in Northeast Gaomi, dealing with war, love, and survival. The novel was later adapted into a successful film by director Zhang Yimou. In 2012, Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the first Chinese citizen to win this honor. The Nobel Committee praised him for his ability to combine "hallucinatory realism with folk tales, history and the contemporary." Mo Yan's success shows that great literature can come from anywhere. His stories about ordinary Chinese farmers have touched readers all over the world, proving that personal experiences and local culture can become universal art. ( )1. What does Mo Yan's pen name mean? A. Speak loudly. B. Don't speak. C. Write more. D. Keep silent forever. ( )2. Why did Mo Yan leave school at 12? A. Because he didn't like studying. B. Because his family was poor. C. Because the school closed. D. Because he wanted to be a writer. ( )3. What is Mo Yan's writing style? A. Science fiction. B. Magical realism. C. Detective stories. D. Romance novels. ( )4. When did Mo Yan win the Nobel Prize in Literature? A. In 2008. B. In 2010. C. In 2012. D. In 2014. ( )5. What can we learn from Mo Yan's story? A. Only rich people can become writers. B. Great literature can come from ordinary experiences. C. Writers must go to university. D. Writers should only write about cities. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了诺贝尔文学奖得主莫言的生平、写作风格、代表作品及其成就。 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 【详细解析】 1. What does Mo Yan's pen name mean?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"His pen name "Mo Yan" means "don't speak" in Chinese"可知，莫言的笔名意为"不要说"。故选B项。 2. Why did Mo Yan leave school at 12?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"Mo Yan grew up in a poor family. He left school at the age of 12 and started working in the fields."可知，莫言因家境贫寒而在12岁时辍学。故选B项。 3. What is Mo Yan's writing style?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"He often uses magical realism, a writing style that mixes real events with magical elements."可知，莫言的写作风格是魔幻现实主义。故选B项。 4. When did Mo Yan win the Nobel Prize in Literature?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"In 2012, Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature"可知，莫言于2012年获得诺贝尔文学奖。故选C项。 5. What can we learn from Mo Yan's story?【推理判断题】 根据最后一段"Mo Yan's success shows that great literature can come from anywhere"和"personal experiences and local culture can become universal art"可知，莫言的故事告诉我们伟大的文学可以来自平凡的经历。故选B项。 话题4 中外文化对比 Passage 10 （25-26八年级下·重庆渝中·期末）When Westerners first came to China, they were surprised by many things. One of the biggest differences they noticed was the way Chinese people eat. In the West, each person has their own plate of food. In China, however, dishes are placed in the center of the table, and everyone shares them. This tradition of sharing food reflects the Chinese value of togetherness and family unity. Another difference is the use of chopsticks. Westerners use knives and forks, while Chinese people have been using chopsticks for over 3,000 years. Learning to use chopsticks properly is considered an important skill in Chinese culture. It is believed that using chopsticks helps develop fine motor skills and even intelligence. The concept of time also differs between cultures. In the West, being on time is very important. Meetings and appointments usually start exactly at the scheduled time. In China, however, there is more flexibility. Being 5 or 10 minutes late is often acceptable, especially for social gatherings among friends. Gift-giving customs are also different. In the West, people usually open gifts immediately and express their gratitude. In China, it is considered polite to open gifts later, in private. Also, giving a clock as a gift is taboo in China because the phrase "giving a clock" sounds like "attending a funeral" in Chinese. Understanding these cultural differences is important in today's globalized world. When we learn about other cultures, we not only avoid misunderstandings but also enrich our own perspectives. As the Chinese saying goes, "Harmony in diversity" — we can live together happily while keeping our unique traditions. ( )1. What is one big difference between Chinese and Western eating habits? A. Chinese people eat more food. B. In China, dishes are shared in the center of the table. C. Western people eat with chopsticks. D. Chinese people eat alone. ( )2. How long have Chinese people been using chopsticks? A. About 1,000 years. B. About 2,000 years. C. Over 3,000 years. D. About 500 years. ( )3. What is the Chinese attitude towards being late? A. Being late is never acceptable. B. Being 5 or 10 minutes late is often acceptable for social gatherings. C. Chinese people are always late. D. Chinese people never make appointments. ( )4. Why is giving a clock as a gift taboo in China? A. Because clocks are too expensive. B. Because it sounds like "attending a funeral" in Chinese. C. Because Chinese people don't like clocks. D. Because clocks are difficult to wrap. ( )5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Chinese culture is better than Western culture. B. Western culture is more advanced. C. Understanding cultural differences helps avoid misunderstandings and enriches perspectives. D. People should only learn their own culture. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章从饮食习惯、餐具使用、时间观念、送礼习俗四个方面对比了中西方文化差异，强调了跨文化理解的重要性。 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 【详细解析】 1. What is one big difference between Chinese and Western eating habits?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"In the West, each person has their own plate of food. In China, however, dishes are placed in the center of the table, and everyone shares them."可知，中西方饮食习惯的一大差异在于中国人将菜放在桌子中央大家一起分享。故选B项。 2. How long have Chinese people been using chopsticks?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"Chinese people have been using chopsticks for over 3,000 years"可知，中国人使用筷子已有3000多年历史。故选C项。 3. What is the Chinese attitude towards being late?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"Being 5 or 10 minutes late is often acceptable, especially for social gatherings among friends."可知，在中国，社交聚会迟到5到10分钟通常是可以接受的。故选B项。 4. Why is giving a clock as a gift taboo in China?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"giving a clock as a gift is taboo in China because the phrase "giving a clock" sounds like "attending a funeral" in Chinese"可知，送钟在中国是禁忌，因为"送钟"谐音"送终"。故选B项。 5. What is the main idea of the passage?【主旨大意题】 通读全文，文章从多个方面对比了中西方文化差异，并在最后一段强调了解文化差异可以避免误解并丰富视野。C选项最能概括主旨。故选C项。 Passage 11 （25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期末）Chinese tea culture and British tea culture are two of the world's most famous tea traditions. Although both cultures center around the same drink, they are quite different in many ways. In China, tea has a history of over 4,000 years. The Chinese tea ceremony emphasizes the art of preparing and serving tea. Each type of tea requires a specific water temperature and brewing time. Green tea, for example, should be brewed with water at about 80 degrees Celsius for 2-3 minutes. The focus is on appreciating the natural flavor and aroma of the tea leaves. Tea is usually drunk in small cups, and the same leaves can be brewed multiple times. In Britain, tea drinking became popular in the 17th century after it was introduced from China. British tea culture is quite different. The famous "afternoon tea" includes not just tea but also sandwiches, scones, and cakes. The British usually drink black tea with milk and sugar. Unlike the Chinese, they use large teapots and big cups. The social functions of tea are also different. In China, serving tea to guests is a sign of respect and hospitality. During important family events like weddings, the bride and groom serve tea to their elders. In Britain, afternoon tea is mainly a social occasion for friends to chat and relax. Despite these differences, both cultures show that tea is more than just a drink. It is a way to connect with others and to enjoy a moment of peace in a busy day. ( )1. How long has tea had a history in China? A. About 1,000 years. B. About 2,000 years. C. Over 3,000 years. D. Over 4,000 years. ( )2. What temperature should be used to brew green tea? A. 60 degrees Celsius. B. 80 degrees Celsius. C. 100 degrees Celsius. D. 120 degrees Celsius. ( )3. What is usually included in British afternoon tea? A. Only tea. B. Tea with sandwiches, scones, and cakes. C. Green tea and dumplings. D. Coffee and cookies. ( )4. What does serving tea to guests mean in China? A. A sign of respect and hospitality. B. Just a way to offer a drink. C. A way to show off expensive tea. D. A tradition that has no meaning. ( )5. What do Chinese and British tea cultures have in common? A. They use the same kind of tea. B. They both show tea is a way to connect with others. C. They have the same brewing methods. D. They both use small cups. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章对比了中国茶文化和英国茶文化的差异，包括泡茶方式、茶具、社交功能等方面。 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 【详细解析】 1. How long has tea had a history in China?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"In China, tea has a history of over 4,000 years."可知，中国茶文化有4000多年的历史。故选D项。 2. What temperature should be used to brew green tea?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"Green tea, for example, should be brewed with water at about 80 degrees Celsius"可知，绿茶应用约80摄氏度的水冲泡。故选B项。 3. What is usually included in British afternoon tea?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"The famous "afternoon tea" includes not just tea but also sandwiches, scones, and cakes."可知，英式下午茶包括茶、三明治、烤饼和蛋糕。故选B项。 4. What does serving tea to guests mean in China?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"In China, serving tea to guests is a sign of respect and hospitality."可知，在中国，给客人上茶是尊敬和好客的象征。故选A项。 5. What do Chinese and British tea cultures have in common?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"both cultures show that tea is more than just a drink. It is a way to connect with others"可知，中英茶文化的共同点是都体现了茶是人与人之间建立联系的方式。故选B项。 第 1 页 共 三十一 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Passage 12 （25-26八年级下·湖南长沙·期末）Education systems vary greatly around the world. Understanding these differences can help us appreciate different approaches to learning and perhaps improve our own education. In China, the education system emphasizes discipline and hard work. Students typically have long school days, often from 7:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., with additional homework in the evening. There is strong focus on examinations, especially the zhongkao and gaokao, which determine students' paths to high school and university. Chinese students generally excel in mathematics and science, ranking highly in international tests like PISA. In contrast, the Finnish education system takes a very different approach. Finnish students have shorter school days and very little homework. There are almost no standardized tests until the end of high school. Teachers have great freedom to design their own lessons, and students are encouraged to learn through play and exploration. Despite this relaxed approach, Finland consistently ranks among the top countries in education quality. The American education system values diversity and individual development. Students can choose from a wide range of subjects and extracurricular activities. There is strong emphasis on critical thinking, creativity, and public speaking. However, the quality of education varies greatly between public and private schools, and between wealthy and poor neighborhoods. Each system has its strengths and weaknesses. The Chinese system produces students with strong basic skills and work ethics. The Finnish system shows that less pressure can also lead to excellent results. The American system encourages individuality and creativity. Perhaps the best education would combine the best elements of all three approaches. ( )1. What do Chinese students typically focus on? A. Sports and arts. B. Discipline, hard work, and examinations. C. Part-time jobs. D. Traveling abroad. ( )2. What is special about the Finnish education system? A. Students have long school days. B. There are many standardized tests. C. Students have shorter school days and very little homework. D. Teachers must follow strict lesson plans. ( )3. What does the American education system value? A. Only academic subjects. B. Diversity and individual development. C. Memorization and repetition. D. Strict discipline and obedience. ( )4. What is a weakness of the American education system? A. Students cannot choose subjects. B. The quality of education varies greatly between schools and neighborhoods. C. There are too many extracurricular activities. D. Students have too much homework. ( )5. What does the writer suggest about education? A. The Chinese system is the best. B. The Finnish system is the best. C. The best education would combine the best elements of different approaches. D. All education systems should be the same. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章对比了中国、芬兰和美国三个国家的教育体系，分析了各自的特点和优缺点。 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 【详细解析】 1. What do Chinese students typically focus on?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"the education system emphasizes discipline and hard work"和"There is strong focus on examinations"可知，中国教育强调纪律、努力学习和考试。故选B项。 2. What is special about the Finnish education system?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"Finnish students have shorter school days and very little homework."可知，芬兰学生的在校时间短、家庭作业少。故选C项。 3. What does the American education system value?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"The American education system values diversity and individual development."可知，美国教育体系重视多样性和个人发展。故选B项。 4. What is a weakness of the American education system?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"the quality of education varies greatly between public and private schools, and between wealthy and poor neighborhoods"可知，美国教育体系的不足是教育质量在不同学校和社区间差异很大。故选B项。 5. What does the writer suggest about education?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"Perhaps the best education would combine the best elements of all three approaches."可知，作者认为最好的教育应该结合不同教育体系的优点。故选C项。 话题5 科技创新 Passage 13 （25-26八年级下·安徽合肥·期末）Mobile payment has changed the way Chinese people live. If you visit China today, you will find that almost everyone pays with their mobile phones. From buying vegetables at a street market to paying utility bills, mobile payment has become a part of daily life. The two most popular mobile payment platforms in China are Alipay and WeChat Pay. Together, they handle over 90% of mobile transactions in the country. Using these apps is simple. You just scan a QR code with your phone, enter your password or use fingerprint recognition, and the payment is complete. The whole process takes less than 10 seconds. Mobile payment offers many advantages. First, it is convenient. You don't need to carry cash or worry about getting change. Second, it is safer than carrying large amounts of cash. Third, it helps keep records of your spending, which makes it easier to manage your money. Many apps even offer discounts and rewards when you use mobile payment. However, mobile payment also has some problems. Elderly people who are not familiar with smartphones may find it difficult to use. There are also concerns about data privacy and security. What if someone steals your phone or hacks into your account? Despite these concerns, mobile payment continues to grow rapidly. It has even spread to other countries, with Chinese tourists using Alipay and WeChat Pay in places like Japan, Thailand, and Europe. Mobile payment is not just a technology — it is a lifestyle revolution. ( )1. What are the two most popular mobile payment platforms in China? A. Apple Pay and Google Pay. B. Alipay and WeChat Pay. C. PayPal and Visa. D. UnionPay and Bitcoin. ( )2. How long does a mobile payment usually take? A. More than 1 minute. B. About 30 seconds. C. Less than 10 seconds. D. About 5 minutes. ( )3. What advantage of mobile payment is mentioned in the passage? A. It earns interest. B. It is convenient and helps keep spending records. C. It replaces banks completely. D. It gives free phones to users. ( )4. What is a problem of mobile payment mentioned in the passage? A. It is too expensive. B. Elderly people may find it difficult to use. C. It is too slow. D. It only works in big cities. ( )5. What does the writer think of mobile payment? A. It is just a temporary trend. B. It is a lifestyle revolution. C. It should be banned. D. It is only useful for young people. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国移动支付的普及程度、主要平台（支付宝和微信支付）、优势以及存在的问题。 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B 【详细解析】 1. What are the two most popular mobile payment platforms in China?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"The two most popular mobile payment platforms in China are Alipay and WeChat Pay."可知，中国最受欢迎的两大移动支付平台是支付宝和微信支付。故选B项。 2. How long does a mobile payment usually take?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"The whole process takes less than 10 seconds."可知，移动支付整个过程不到10秒。故选C项。 3. What advantage of mobile payment is mentioned in the passage?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"it is convenient"和"it helps keep records of your spending"可知，移动支付的优点是方便且有助于记录消费。故选B项。 4. What is a problem of mobile payment mentioned in the passage?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"Elderly people who are not familiar with smartphones may find it difficult to use."可知，不熟悉智能手机的老年人可能觉得移动支付难以使用。故选B项。 5. What does the writer think of mobile payment?【观点态度题】 根据最后一段"Mobile payment is not just a technology — it is a lifestyle revolution."可知，作者认为移动支付不仅是一种技术，更是一场生活方式的革命。故选B项。 Passage 14 （25-26八年级下·河北石家庄·期末）Have you ever dreamed of traveling to space? For a long time, space travel was only possible for highly trained astronauts. But now, private companies are making space tourism a reality for ordinary people. SpaceX, founded by Elon Musk in 2002, has been leading this revolution. The company has developed reusable rockets that can land back on Earth after launching. This technology greatly reduces the cost of space travel. In 2021, SpaceX sent four private citizens into orbit for three days, marking the first all-civilian space mission in history. Another company, Blue Origin, founded by Jeff Bezos, is also working on space tourism. Their spacecraft takes passengers to the edge of space, where they can experience weightlessness and see the curvature of the Earth. The whole trip lasts only about 11 minutes, but it costs around $200,000 per person. Of course, space tourism is still in its early stages. The tickets are extremely expensive, and the trips are short. There are also safety concerns. Rockets are complex machines, and accidents can happen. Critics argue that the money spent on space tourism could be better used to solve problems on Earth. However, supporters believe that space tourism will bring long-term benefits. As the technology improves and more companies enter the market, prices will come down. In the future, space travel might become as common as air travel is today. Who knows? Your next vacation might be in space! ( )1. Who founded SpaceX? A. Jeff Bezos. B. Bill Gates. C. Elon Musk. D. Mark Zuckerberg. ( )2. What makes SpaceX's rockets special? A. They are the biggest rockets. B. They are reusable and can land back on Earth. C. They can travel to other galaxies. D. They are made of gold. ( )3. How much does a Blue Origin space trip cost? A. About $20,000. B. About $100,000. C. About $200,000. D. About $1,000,000. ( )4. What do critics say about space tourism? A. It is the best use of money. B. The money could be better used to solve problems on Earth. C. It should be free for everyone. D. It is completely safe. ( )5. What do supporters believe about the future of space tourism? A. It will always be expensive. B. It will become as common as air travel. C. It will be banned. D. It will only be for scientists. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太空旅游的发展现状，包括SpaceX和Blue Origin等公司的努力，以及太空旅游的利弊和未来前景。 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 【详细解析】 1. Who founded SpaceX?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"SpaceX, founded by Elon Musk in 2002"可知，SpaceX由埃隆·马斯克于2002年创立。故选C项。 2. What makes SpaceX's rockets special?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"The company has developed reusable rockets that can land back on Earth after launching."可知，SpaceX的火箭是可重复使用的，发射后可以返回地球。故选B项。 3. How much does a Blue Origin space trip cost?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"it costs around $200,000 per person"可知，Blue Origin的太空旅行每人约20万美元。故选C项。 4. What do critics say about space tourism?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"Critics argue that the money spent on space tourism could be better used to solve problems on Earth."可知，批评者认为花在太空旅游上的钱可以更好地用于解决地球上的问题。故选B项。 5. What do supporters believe about the future of space tourism?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"In the future, space travel might become as common as air travel is today."可知，支持者认为太空旅行可能会变得像如今的航空旅行一样普遍。故选B项。 Passage 15 （25-26八年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）Imagine a city where cars drive themselves, traffic jams are rare, and accidents almost never happen. This is not a scene from a science fiction movie — it is the future that self-driving car technology promises to bring. Self-driving cars use a combination of sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence to navigate roads. The car's computer system processes information from these devices in real time, making decisions about speed, direction, and braking. Advanced self-driving cars can even recognize traffic signs, pedestrians, and other vehicles. The benefits of self-driving cars are significant. First, they could greatly reduce traffic accidents. Studies show that about 90% of car accidents are caused by human error. Self-driving cars do not get tired, drunk, or distracted. Second, they could reduce traffic jams. Self-driving cars can communicate with each other and coordinate their movements, allowing more cars to use the same road safely. Third, they would give elderly and disabled people more independence. However, there are still challenges to overcome. The technology needs to work perfectly in all weather conditions, including heavy rain and snow. There are also legal and ethical questions. If a self-driving car has an accident, who is responsible — the car owner, the car maker, or the software developer? Many companies, including Tesla, Google, and Chinese firms like Baidu, are investing heavily in self-driving technology. While fully self-driving cars are not yet available for everyday use, experts believe they could become common within the next 10 to 20 years. ( )1. What do self-driving cars use to navigate roads? A. Only GPS. B. A combination of sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence. C. Only human drivers. D. Road maps only. ( )2. What percentage of car accidents are caused by human error? A. About 50%. B. About 70%. C. About 90%. D. About 100%. ( )3. How could self-driving cars reduce traffic jams? A. By driving faster. B. By communicating with each other and coordinating movements. C. By using smaller roads. D. By reducing the number of cars. ( )4. What challenge do self-driving cars still face? A. They are too cheap. B. The technology needs to work in all weather conditions. C. They cannot recognize traffic signs. D. There are too many companies investing in them. ( )5. When do experts believe self-driving cars could become common? A. Within 2 years. B. Within 5 years. C. Within 10 to 20 years. D. Within 50 years. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自动驾驶汽车技术的工作原理、优势（减少事故、缓解拥堵、增加出行便利）以及面临的挑战。 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 【详细解析】 1. What do self-driving cars use to navigate roads?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"Self-driving cars use a combination of sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence to navigate roads."可知，自动驾驶汽车使用传感器、摄像头和人工智能的组合来导航。故选B项。 2. What percentage of car accidents are caused by human error?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"Studies show that about 90% of car accidents are caused by human error."可知，约90%的车祸是由人为错误造成的。故选C项。 3. How could self-driving cars reduce traffic jams?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"Self-driving cars can communicate with each other and coordinate their movements, allowing more cars to use the same road safely."可知，自动驾驶汽车可以通过相互通信和协调行驶来减少交通拥堵。故选B项。 4. What challenge do self-driving cars still face?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"The technology needs to work perfectly in all weather conditions, including heavy rain and snow."可知，自动驾驶汽车仍需克服的挑战之一是让技术在包括暴雨和雪天在内的所有天气条件下都能完美运行。故选B项。 5. When do experts believe self-driving cars could become common?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"experts believe they could become common within the next 10 to 20 years"可知，专家认为自动驾驶汽车可能在10到20年内普及。故选C项。 话题6 历史古迹与文化遗产 Passage 16 （25-26八年级下·陕西西安·期末）The Great Wall of China is one of the most famous structures in the world. It stretches over 21,000 kilometers across northern China, from the east coast to the deserts of the west. The wall was built over many centuries, with the earliest parts dating back to the 7th century BCE. The most well-known sections of the Great Wall were built during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). These sections are made of bricks and stones and feature watchtowers every few hundred meters. Soldiers used these towers to watch for enemies and to send signals using smoke during the day and fire at night. Contrary to popular belief, the Great Wall cannot be seen from space with the naked eye. This is a common myth. The wall is only about 6 meters wide on average, which is too narrow to be seen from such a great distance. However, it is still an amazing engineering achievement. Millions of workers labored for centuries to build it, and thousands lost their lives in the process. Today, the Great Wall is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of China's most popular tourist attractions. Over 10 million people visit the wall every year. The most visited sections are near Beijing, such as Badaling and Mutianyu. However, many parts of the wall are in poor condition due to natural erosion and lack of maintenance. The Chinese government has been working hard to protect and restore the Great Wall. In 2006, a law was passed to protect the wall from damage caused by tourism and development. The goal is to preserve this incredible monument for future generations to appreciate and learn from. ( )1. How long is the Great Wall? A. About 2,100 kilometers. B. About 10,000 kilometers. C. Over 21,000 kilometers. D. About 100,000 kilometers. ( )2. When were the most well-known sections of the Great Wall built? A. During the Qin Dynasty. B. During the Han Dynasty. C. During the Ming Dynasty. D. During the Tang Dynasty. ( )3. What is a common myth about the Great Wall? A. It was built in one year. B. It can be seen from space with the naked eye. C. It is made of gold. D. It is the longest river in the world. ( )4. Why are many parts of the Great Wall in poor condition? A. Because people built houses on it. B. Because of natural erosion and lack of maintenance. C. Because it was bombed in wars. D. Because tourists took bricks as souvenirs. ( )5. What did the Chinese government do to protect the Great Wall? A. Closed all sections to tourists. B. Passed a law in 2006. C. Built a new wall next to it. D. Moved it to a safer place. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了长城的历史、建筑特点、常见误解、现状以及保护措施。 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B 【详细解析】 1. How long is the Great Wall?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"It stretches over 21,000 kilometers across northern China"可知，长城绵延超过21000公里。故选C项。 2. When were the most well-known sections of the Great Wall built?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"The most well-known sections of the Great Wall were built during the Ming Dynasty"可知，最著名的长城段建于明朝。故选C项。 3. What is a common myth about the Great Wall?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"Contrary to popular belief, the Great Wall cannot be seen from space with the naked eye. This is a common myth."可知，长城能用肉眼从太空看到是一个常见的误解。故选B项。 4. Why are many parts of the Great Wall in poor condition?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"many parts of the wall are in poor condition due to natural erosion and lack of maintenance"可知，许多长城段因自然侵蚀和缺乏维护而状况不佳。故选B项。 5. What did the Chinese government do to protect the Great Wall?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"In 2006, a law was passed to protect the wall from damage caused by tourism and development."可知，中国政府于2006年通过了保护长城的法律。故选B项。 Passage 17 （25-26八年级下·甘肃兰州·期末）The Terracotta Army is one of the greatest archaeological discoveries in the world. It was discovered in 1974 by farmers digging a well near Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. The army consists of thousands of life-sized clay soldiers, horses, and chariots that were buried with Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China. The purpose of the Terracotta Army was to protect the emperor in the afterlife. Qin Shihuang believed that he would need an army in his next life, just as he had one in his earthly life. The clay soldiers were made to look like real soldiers, with different facial features, hairstyles, and uniforms. Each soldier is unique — no two faces are exactly the same. The craftsmanship of the Terracotta Army is remarkable. The soldiers were made in pieces — heads, arms, legs, and bodies were created separately and then put together. After assembly, they were painted with bright colors. However, most of the paint has faded over the 2,000 years they were underground. Archaeologists estimate that there are over 8,000 soldiers, 130 chariots, and 670 horses in the three pits that have been discovered so far. However, many of the figures were broken and have had to be carefully restored. The restoration process is slow and difficult, as each piece must be matched and glued together by hand. Today, the Terracotta Army is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most visited tourist attractions in China. It attracts millions of visitors from around the world every year. The site not only shows the power and ambition of Qin Shihuang but also the incredible artistic and technical skills of ancient Chinese craftsmen. ( )1. When was the Terracotta Army discovered? A. In 1964. B. In 1974. C. In 1984. D. In 1994. ( )2. Why was the Terracotta Army created? A. To decorate the emperor's palace. B. To protect the emperor in the afterlife. C. To fight real wars. D. To celebrate the emperor's birthday. ( )3. What is special about the Terracotta soldiers? A. They all look exactly the same. B. Each soldier is unique with different facial features. C. They are all very small. D. They are made of gold. ( )4. How many soldiers are estimated to be in the three pits? A. About 1,000. B. About 3,000. C. Over 8,000. D. Over 100,000. ( )5. What does the Terracotta Army show us about ancient China? A. Ancient China had no technology. B. The power and ambition of Qin Shihuang and the skills of ancient craftsmen. C. Ancient Chinese people did not like art. D. The first emperor was not important. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了兵马俑的发现、用途、制作工艺以及其在世界考古史上的重要地位。 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 【详细解析】 1. When was the Terracotta Army discovered?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"It was discovered in 1974 by farmers digging a well near Xi'an"可知，兵马俑于1974年被发现。故选B项。 2. Why was the Terracotta Army created?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"The purpose of the Terracotta Army was to protect the emperor in the afterlife."可知，兵马俑的建造目的是保护皇帝在来世。故选B项。 3. What is special about the Terracotta soldiers?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"Each soldier is unique — no two faces are exactly the same."可知，每个兵马俑都是独一无二的，没有两张完全相同的脸。故选B项。 4. How many soldiers are estimated to be in the three pits?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"Archaeologists estimate that there are over 8,000 soldiers"可知，考古学家估计三个坑中有超过8000个士兵。故选C项。 5. What does the Terracotta Army show us about ancient China?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"The site not only shows the power and ambition of Qin Shihuang but also the incredible artistic and technical skills of ancient Chinese craftsmen."可知，兵马俑展示了秦始皇的权力与雄心以及古代工匠的技艺。故选B项。 Passage 18 （25-26八年级下·山东青岛·期末）Dunhuang is a small city in the northwest of China, but it holds one of the world's greatest cultural treasures — the Mogao Caves. Also known as the Thousand Buddha Grottoes, this site contains 735 caves with over 45,000 square meters of murals and 2,415 clay sculptures. The caves were created over a period of 1,000 years, from the 4th to the 14th century. During this time, Dunhuang was an important stop on the Silk Road. Merchants, monks, and travelers from different cultures passed through the city, bringing with them their religions, art styles, and ideas. This cultural exchange is reflected in the artwork of the caves. The murals in the Mogao Caves depict religious stories, daily life, music, and dance from ancient times. Some paintings show scenes from the life of Buddha, while others portray Chinese emperors, foreign traders, and ordinary people going about their daily activities. The colors used in the murals were made from precious minerals, which is why many of them have remained vivid even after more than a thousand years. One of the most famous discoveries at Mogao was the Library Cave, found in 1900. It contained nearly 50,000 ancient documents, including the oldest printed book in the world, the Diamond Sutra, which dates back to 868 CE. Unfortunately, many of these valuable documents were taken to foreign countries by explorers and are now scattered in museums around the world. Today, the Mogao Caves are a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major tourist destination. However, the increasing number of visitors poses a threat to the fragile artworks. To protect the caves, authorities have limited the number of visitors per day and use digital technology to create virtual tours. These efforts aim to preserve this priceless cultural heritage for future generations. ( )1. How many caves are there in the Mogao Caves? A. 135 caves. B. 335 caves. C. 535 caves. D. 735 caves. ( )2. How long did it take to create the caves? A. About 100 years. B. About 500 years. C. About 1,000 years. D. About 2,000 years. ( )3. What was discovered in the Library Cave in 1900? A. Ancient weapons. B. Nearly 50,000 ancient documents including the Diamond Sutra. C. Gold coins. D. Silk clothing. ( )4. Why have many murals remained vivid after over a thousand years? A. Because they were repainted every year. B. Because the colors were made from precious minerals. C. Because they were protected by glass. D. Because the caves were air-conditioned. ( )5. What is being done to protect the Mogao Caves? A. More caves are being built. B. Visitor numbers are limited and virtual tours are created. C. All tourists are banned. D. The caves are being moved to a museum. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了敦煌莫高窟的历史、艺术价值、藏经洞的发现以及现代保护措施。 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B 【详细解析】 1. How many caves are there in the Mogao Caves?【细节理解题】 根据第一段"this site contains 735 caves"可知，莫高窟有735个洞窟。故选D项。 2. How long did it take to create the caves?【细节理解题】 根据第二段"The caves were created over a period of 1,000 years, from the 4th to the 14th century."可知，莫高窟的建造历时约1000年。故选C项。 3. What was discovered in the Library Cave in 1900?【细节理解题】 根据第四段"It contained nearly 50,000 ancient documents, including the oldest printed book in the world, the Diamond Sutra"可知，藏经洞中发现了近5万份古代文献，包括《金刚经》。故选B项。 4. Why have many murals remained vivid after over a thousand years?【细节理解题】 根据第三段"The colors used in the murals were made from precious minerals, which is why many of them have remained vivid even after more than a thousand years."可知，壁画颜色由珍贵矿物制成，因此历经千年仍保持鲜艳。故选B项。 5. What is being done to protect the Mogao Caves?【细节理解题】 根据最后一段"authorities have limited the number of visitors per day and use digital technology to create virtual tours"可知，当局限制每日游客数量并利用数字技术创建虚拟游览来保护莫高窟。故选B项。 附录：阅读策略提示卡 题型 解题技巧 细节理解题 先读题干，定位关键词（数字、专有名词），回原文查找 推理判断题 寻找隐含信息，注意转折词（but, however）和情态动词 词义猜测题 根据上下文定义、对比、举例或构词法推测 主旨大意题 关注首段、末段及每段首句，排除过于宽泛或片面的选项 写作意图题 思考作者为什么写这篇文章：告知、劝说、娱乐、还是教育？ 第 三十 页 共 三十一 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $