Unit 8 Follow your interests 知识清单-2025-2026学年沪教版英语七年级下册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理沪教版七年级下册Unit 8“Follow your interests”内容，涵盖单元主题目标、核心词汇、重点短语、句型语法及话题写作指导，搭建从基础语言要素积累到兴趣与职业话题综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词性分类+主题关联”呈现词汇体系，如兴趣类名词与职业转化短语匹配，语法模块设“时间状语从句引导词对比表”和“used to用法辨析”，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。写作指导提供“话题词汇+常用句型+范例”工具包，如“turn interest into career”等短语助力表达，不同水平学生可高效掌握，教师可直接用于课堂教学与课后巩固。

沪教版七年级英语下册 Unit 8 Follow your interests 知识清单 一、单元主题与目标 主题范畴：人与自我 —— 兴趣爱好与职业发展 核心问题：我们怎样才能把兴趣变成事业？ 学习目标：能够谈论自己的兴趣和梦想职业，理解如何将兴趣转化为事业，描述实现梦想所需具备的品质 二、核心词汇 1. 名词（兴趣与爱好类） 英文 中文 英文 中文 interest 兴趣；业余爱好 hobby 业余爱好 career 职业；生涯 lifetime 一生；终身 knowledge 知识 skill 技能；技巧 ability 才能；本领 audience 观众；听众 instrument 乐器；仪器 diamond 钻石 belt 腰带；带状物 athlete 运动员 biologist 生物学家 astronomer 天文学家 understanding 理解；领悟 programme 节目；程序 2. 形容词 英文 中文 英文 中文 possible 可能的 impossible 不可能的 curious 好奇的 lively 充满趣味的；生动的 meaningful 有意义的 outdoor 户外的 indoor 室内的 extremely 极其；非常（adv.） actually 事实上（adv.） patient 耐心的 3. 动词 英文 中文 英文 中文 follow 跟随；追随 develop 培养；发展 collect 收集 host 主持 increase 增长；增加 shoot 冲；飞驰；射击 sail 驾驶帆船航行 perform 表演；表现 compare 比较 achieve 实现 4. 词性转换 原词 词性 转换形式 possible 形容词 impossible (反义词)；possibly (副词) interest 名词/动词 interesting (adj.)；interested (adj.) curious 形容词 curiosity (n.) increase 动词/名词 increasing (adj.) perform 动词 performance (n.) compare 动词 comparison (n.) collect 动词 collection (n.) live 动词 lively (adj. 生动的) 三、重点短语 1. 兴趣与爱好类 英文 中文 follow your interests 追随你的兴趣 have an interest in 对……感兴趣 develop an interest 培养兴趣 lifetime interest 终身兴趣 a lively way 生动的方式 be curious about 对……感到好奇 2. 时间与空闲时间 英文 中文 in one’s free/spare time 在某人的空闲时间 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 on clear nights 在晴朗的夜晚 all kinds of 各种各样的 more and more 越来越 3. 兴趣与职业转化 英文 中文 turn one’s interest into a career 把某人的兴趣变成职业 achieve one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 be proud of 为……感到骄傲 host a programme 主持节目 take sb. on a journey 带某人踏上旅程 4. 动词短语 英文 中文 spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 look up to sb. 尊敬/仰慕某人 make progress 取得进步 share interests 分享兴趣 5. 课外活动类 英文 中文 outdoor activities 户外活动 indoor activities 室内活动 collect stamps 集邮 paint a picture 画画 read books 读书 listen to music 听音乐 watch a film 看电影 play the piano 弹钢琴 play basketball 打篮球 do sports 做运动 四、重点句型 1. 课文原句（帕特里克·摩尔的故事） When I was eight, I got a book about stars from my dad as a birthday present. 当我八岁的时候，我从爸爸那里得到了一本关于星星的书作为生日礼物。 I used to go outside with my mum on clear nights and look at the sky. 我过去常常在晴朗的夜晚和妈妈去外面看天空。 Studying the stars was great fun for me and I was extremely curious about the night sky. 研究星星对我来说很有趣，我对夜空非常好奇。 I asked all kinds of questions, and my parents were always very patient with me. 我问了各种各样的问题，我的父母一直对我很有耐心。 So I read a lot about the topic, and my understanding increased as I grew older. 所以我读了很多关于这个话题的书，随着我长大，我的理解也加深了。 Now, studying the stars is my career. I host a TV programme called The Sky at Night. 现在，研究星星是我的事业。我主持一个叫《夜间天空》的电视节目。 My TV programme has lasted more than 50 years, and I am really proud of that! 我的电视节目已经持续了50多年了，我为此感到非常自豪！ Actually, you too can turn your interests into your career. Anybody can achieve their dreams. 事实上，你也可以把你的兴趣变成你的事业。任何人都可以实现他们的梦想。 2. 谈论兴趣与梦想的句型 What are your interests and hobbies? 你的兴趣和爱好是什么？ I have an interest in painting and I like drawing pictures in my free time. 我对绘画感兴趣，我喜欢在空闲时间画画。 What is your dream job? 你的梦想职业是什么？ My dream job is to be a doctor because I want to help sick people. 我的梦想职业是成为一名医生，因为我想帮助病人。 3. 描述爱好的句型 I enjoy listening to music because it can help me relax after school. 我喜欢听音乐，因为它能帮我放学后放松身心。 This hobby not only makes me happy, but also helps me learn a new skill. 这个爱好不仅让我快乐，还帮我学到了一项新技能。 A good hobby can make our free time meaningful and interesting. 一个好的爱好能让我们的空闲时间变得有意义又有趣。 It’s important for us to develop our own interests in our daily life. 在日常生活中培养我们自己的兴趣对我们来说很重要。 4. 过去经历描述（感叹句） How beautiful they were! 它们多漂亮啊！ What a great role model he is! 他是多么伟大的榜样啊！ 五、语法知识 （一）时间状语从句（Adverbial Clauses of Time） 1. 定义与功能 时间状语从句用来表示主句动作发生的时间，由从属连词引导。在复合句中作状语，说明主句谓语动词发生的时间。 2. 常用引导词 引导词 含义 用法说明 例句 when 当……时 主从句动作可同时或先后发生 When I was eight, I got a book about stars. while 当……期间 强调主从句动作同时进行 While in the USA, Qian achieved lots of success. as 一边…一边 强调伴随或随着 My understanding increased as I grew older. after 在…之后 主句动作发生在从句之后 After he graduated, he went to Japan. before 在…之前 主句动作发生在从句之前 I read a lot before I wrote the report. whenever 每当 表示习惯性或重复性动作 Whenever I look up, I am amazed. since 自从 主句常用现在完成时 He has changed a lot since he started his hobby. until 直到……才 主句动作持续到从句时间 He stayed in Japan until he moved back. 3. 时态呼应规则 情况 主句时态 从句时态 例句 表示将来 一般将来时 一般现在时（代替将来时） I will be a scientist when I grow up. 表示过去 一般过去时 过去时态 He often read when he was free. 表示习惯 一般现在时 一般现在时 Whenever I see stars, I feel excited. 4. 单元应用例句 When I was eight, I got a book about stars. As I grew older, my understanding increased. Before he became a writer, he worked as a teacher. （二）used to 的用法 1. 定义与含义 used to 表示“过去常常做某事”，强调过去习惯性的动作或状态，但现在不再如此。 2. 基本结构 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + used to + 动词原形 I used to go outside with my mum. 否定句 主语 + didn’t use to + 动词原形 He didn’t use to like reading. 疑问句 Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形？ Did you use to collect stamps? 3. used to 与 would 的区别 用法 used to would 过去习惯性动作 ✅ ✅ 过去存在的状态 ✅ ❌ 与具体时间连用 ✅（可以） ❌（不可以） 例句对比： I used to have a bike. （状态，不可用would） When I was young, I used to/would play outside. （动作，两者均可） 4. 易混辨析：used to / be used to / get used to 短语 含义 结构 例句 used to 过去常常（现在不再） used to + 动词原形 I used to read at night. be used to 习惯于 be used to + 名词/动名词 I am used to getting up early. get used to 逐渐习惯 get used to + 名词/动名词 I will get used to the new schedule. 5. 单元应用例句 I used to go outside with my mum on clear nights and look at the sky. （三）感叹句（复习巩固） 上一单元学习的感叹句在本单元继续运用： 结构 例句 How + 形容词/副词 + 主谓！ How beautiful they were！ What + 名词短语 + 主谓！ What great fun it was！ 六、重点词汇用法详解 1. interest 的用法 用法 结构 例句 作名词（兴趣） have an interest in She has an interest in music. 作名词（爱好） My interest is... My main interest is painting. 作动词（使感兴趣） interest sb. This book interests me a lot. 派生词： interesting（形容词，修饰物）：an interesting book interested（形容词，修饰人）：I am interested in stars. 【辨析】 interest vs. hobby 词汇 含义侧重 用法 interest 兴趣（可涵盖对某事物的关注和喜爱） have an interest in hobby 业余爱好（具体活动） do sth. as a hobby 2. like / love / enjoy / prefer 的辨析 词汇 语气强度 后接形式 例句 like 最弱（喜欢） to do/doing I like reading. love 中等（热爱） to do/doing She loves dancing. enjoy 中等（享受乐趣） doing（不接to do） We enjoy playing games. prefer 中等（更喜欢，表选择） doing / A to B He prefers swimming to running. 3. curious 与 patiently 的搭配 词汇 常用搭配 例句 curious be curious about I was extremely curious about the night sky. patient be patient with My parents were always very patient with me. 4. spend / take / cost 表“花费”的辨析 词汇 主语 常用结构 搭配对象 spend 人 spend time (in) doing / on sth. 时间/金钱 take it（形式主语） It takes sb. time to do sth. 时间 cost 物 sth. cost sb. money 金钱 例句： I spend an hour on my homework every day. It takes her 20 minutes to walk to school. This book cost me 20 yuan. 5. lively 的用法 注意：lively 虽然是 -ly 结尾，但它是形容词，意为“充满趣味的；生动的；充满活力的”。 例句：I teach my audience about the different stars in a lively way. 易错：lively 不是副词，不能说“lively way”作状语修饰动词，而说“in a lively way”。 6. shoot 的用法 含义 用法 例句 冲；飞驰 不及物动词（过去式shot） We saw stars shooting across the sky. 射击 及物/不及物动词 He shot at the target. 例句：Sometimes we saw stars shooting across the sky. 7. increase 的用法 词性 含义 例句 动词（v.） 增长；增加 My understanding increased as I grew older. 名词（n.） 增长；增加 There was a sharp increase in sales. 例句：My understanding increased as I grew older. 七、话题写作指导 1. 话题词汇 类别 词汇 兴趣爱好 hobby, interest, paint, draw, collect stamps, read books, listen to music 品质态度 curious, patient, hard-working, never give up, be proud of 职业相关 career, dream job, turn...into..., achieve one’s dream 时间相关 in one’s free time, used to, when I was young 2. 常用句型 介绍爱好： My favourite hobby is... I have an interest in... I enjoy/love/like doing...in my free time. 描述过去经历： When I was..., I used to... I was extremely curious about... 表达梦想： My dream job is to be... I want to turn my interest into a career. I will study hard to achieve my dream. 表达感受： This hobby makes me happy/relaxed. I am proud of... 3. 写作范例 My Lifetime Interest—Playing the Piano When I was six, my mother bought me a piano as my birthday present. That was the beginning of my lifetime interest. I used to practice the piano every day after school. At first, it was difficult for me, but I never gave up. My parents were always very patient with me and encouraged me to keep going. Now, playing the piano is not just my hobby. I want to turn it into my career in the future. My dream job is to be a pianist because I want to share beautiful music with people. I know it is not easy, but I will work hard to achieve my dream. Actually, anyone can turn their interests into a career. You just have to enjoy what you do and never give up! 4. 写作思路建议 开头：介绍兴趣的起源（如：When I was..., I got...as a present.） 主体：描述过去如何培养兴趣（used to...），以及坚持的过程（never give up, be patient） 结尾：阐述未来的梦想职业，表达实现梦想的决心 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $