7.2 Natural Disasters（Reading and Writing 1）-《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 本练习针对中职英语Unit 7，通过课前预习与课堂检测分层设计，实现从词汇短语记忆到语篇理解应用的知识巩固路径，适配基础薄弱学生，提升语言能力与学习能力，对接升学考法。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |课前预习|核心词汇、短语及难句翻译|输入型基础练习，强化词汇短语记忆与句子理解| |课堂检测|词汇应用及语篇理解|选择及阅读判断题型，提升词汇辨析与语篇分析能力|

编写说明：基于湖南中职学生英语基础薄弱、学习内驱力不足的学情特点，为提升学习效率，落实课前、课中、课后教学闭环，本专辑依据最新《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，打造湖南专用《英语 基础模块 3》（高教版第三版）《一课一练》，专辑共 40 练，完全对接湖南对口升学考法。 本卷为《英语 基础模块 3》（高教版第三版）Unit 7 Natural Disasters（Reading and Writing 1）的课前预习与课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版） Unit 7 Natural Disasters 一课一练（2） Reading and Writing 1 【课前预习】 一、核心词汇检测 1. n. 损坏；伤害______ 2. v. 保护______ 3. n. 雾霾______ 4. adj. 松的；不牢固的______ 5. n. 土地；土壤______ 6. adj. 城市的______ 7. n. 车辆；交通工具______ 8. n. 酸雨______ 【答案】1.damage 2.protect 3.smog 4.loose 5.soil 6.urban 7.vehicle 8.acid rain 二、课文重点短语 1.be caused by ______ 2.due to ______ 3.pay attention to ______ 4.lead to ______ 5.global warming ______ 6.environmental damage ______ 7.promote green energy use ______ 8.public transportation ______ 【答案】1.由……造成；2.由于；因为；3.注意；4.导致；5.全球变暖；6.环境破坏；7.促进绿色能源使用；8.公共交通 三、课文难句翻译 1. 原句：Many of the natural disasters are due to the environmental damage caused by human activities. 译文：许多自然灾害是由人类活动造成的环境破坏所导致的。 2. 原句：It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as environmental protection. 译文：幸运的是，人类已经认识到可持续发展和环境保护的重要性。 3. 原句：It is definitely not in our hands to prevent all disasters. 译文：我们确实无法掌控并阻止所有灾害。 【课堂检测】 一、词汇单选（10题） 1.The flood caused serious ______ to the old bridge. A. danger B. damage C. degree D. decision 【答案】B 【解析】damage意为“损坏；伤害”，与caused serious构成固定语义搭配。 2.Students should learn how to ______ themselves during an earthquake. A. produce B. protect C. provide D. prefer 【答案】B 【解析】protect oneself意为“保护自己”，符合地震避险语境。 3.Heavy traffic may make the ______ worse on cold mornings. A. smog B. smile C. smell D. smokehouse 【答案】A 【解析】smog意为“雾霾”，heavy traffic会导致空气问题加重。 4.Strong winds can blow away ______ soil easily. A. local B. loose C. loud D. lonely 【答案】B 【解析】loose soil意为“松散的土壤”，是教材中沙尘暴成因表达。 5.More trees help keep the ______ from being washed away. A. soil B. sale C. skill D. soup 【答案】A 【解析】soil意为“土壤”，与washed away构成水土流失语境。 6.Rapid ______ development may reduce green land if people plan badly. A. usual B. urban C. useful D. unable 【答案】B 【解析】urban development意为“城市发展”，与green land形成对比。 7.Factories and ______ can produce harmful gases. A. vacations B. vehicles C. villages D. victories 【答案】B 【解析】vehicle意为“车辆；交通工具”，与factories并列说明污染来源。 8.Harmful gases may lead to ______ and hurt trees and buildings. A. acid rain B. active role C. art room D. air line 【答案】A 【解析】acid rain意为“酸雨”，由有害气体导致并伤害树木建筑。 9.The speaker asked us to pay attention ______ the harm of second-hand smoke. A. with B. to C. for D. on 【答案】B 【解析】pay attention to为固定搭配，意为“注意”。 10.The school will ______ green energy use through posters and speeches. A. promote B. promise C. prepare D. produce 【答案】A 【解析】promote意为“促进；提升”，符合通过活动推广绿色能源的语境。 二、阅读判断（5题） Last Friday, students in Class 2 held a short meeting after a heavy rain in their city. The rain stopped in the afternoon, but some streets near the school were still covered with water. Several buses were delayed, and two students had to walk a long way home. Their teacher, Ms. Liu, asked the class to think about why floods seemed to happen more often than before. At first, many students thought the problem was only the weather. Then Li Hua showed a picture of a blocked street drain. Plastic bottles and food bags were lying around it. He said that when people threw waste on the ground, rainwater could not run away quickly. Wang Mei added that some trees near her community had been cut down to build a parking lot. Without enough trees and soil, water rushed into the street much faster. The class also talked about what students could do. They could not stop every natural disaster, but they could reduce some damage. They decided to make a poster called “Keep Drains Clear, Keep Our City Safe”. The poster asked people not to throw rubbish, to plant more trees, and to use public transportation when possible. They planned to put the poster on the school notice board and share it with their families. Ms. Liu praised their ideas. She reminded them that environmental protection was not only a big national plan but also a daily habit. If more people made small changes, the city would become safer when heavy rain came. The students finally understood that some natural disasters were closely connected with human activities. 11. The students held a meeting after a heavy rain in their city. 12. Li Hua believed floods were caused only by the weather. 13. The class poster advised people to keep drains clear and plant more trees. 14. Ms. Liu said environmental protection was only a national plan. 15. The passage mentions that students used drones to check the river. 【答案】11. T 12. F 13. T 14. F 15. N 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述学生在暴雨后讨论洪水频发原因，并通过制作海报倡导环境保护。 【11题详解】根据第一段“Last Friday, students in Class 2 held a short meeting after a heavy rain in their city.”可知，学生确实在暴雨后开会。故填T。 【12题详解】根据第二段可知，李华展示堵塞的排水口，说明垃圾会影响排水，并非认为洪水只由天气造成。故填F。 【13题详解】根据第三段“The poster asked people not to throw rubbish, to plant more trees...”可知，海报建议保持排水通畅并多植树。故填T。 【14题详解】根据第四段“environmental protection was not only a big national plan but also a daily habit”可知，环保不只是国家计划，也是日常习惯。故填F。 【15题详解】文中未提到学生使用无人机检查河流。故填N。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：基于湖南中职学生英语基础薄弱、学习内驱力不足的学情特点，为提升学习效率，落实课前、课中、课后教学闭环，本专辑依据最新《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，打造湖南专用《英语 基础模块 3》（高教版第三版）《一课一练》，专辑共 40 练，完全对接湖南对口升学考法。 本卷为《英语 基础模块 3》（高教版第三版）Unit 7 Natural Disasters（Reading and Writing 1）的课前预习与课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版） Unit 7 Natural Disasters 一课一练（2） Reading and Writing 1 【课前预习】 一、核心词汇检测 1. n. 损坏；伤害______ 2. v. 保护______ 3. n. 雾霾______ 4. adj. 松的；不牢固的______ 5. n. 土地；土壤______ 6. adj. 城市的______ 7. n. 车辆；交通工具______ 8. n. 酸雨______ 二、课文重点短语 1.be caused by ______ 2.due to ______ 3.pay attention to ______ 4.lead to ______ 5.global warming ______ 6.environmental damage ______ 7.promote green energy use ______ 8.public transportation ______ 三、课文难句翻译 1. 原句：Many of the natural disasters are due to the environmental damage caused by human activities. 2. 原句：It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as environmental protection. 3. 原句：It is definitely not in our hands to prevent all disasters. 【课堂检测】 一、词汇单选（10题） 1.The flood caused serious ______ to the old bridge. A. danger B. damage C. degree D. decision 2.Students should learn how to ______ themselves during an earthquake. A. produce B. protect C. provide D. prefer 3.Heavy traffic may make the ______ worse on cold mornings. A. smog B. smile C. smell D. smokehouse 4.Strong winds can blow away ______ soil easily. A. local B. loose C. loud D. lonely 5.More trees help keep the ______ from being washed away. A. soil B. sale C. skill D. soup 6.Rapid ______ development may reduce green land if people plan badly. A. usual B. urban C. useful D. unable 7.Factories and ______ can produce harmful gases. A. vacations B. vehicles C. villages D. victories 8.Harmful gases may lead to ______ and hurt trees and buildings. A. acid rain B. active role C. art room D. air line 9.The speaker asked us to pay attention ______ the harm of second-hand smoke. A. with B. to C. for D. on 10.The school will ______ green energy use through posters and speeches. A. promote B. promise C. prepare D. produce 二、阅读判断（5题） Last Friday, students in Class 2 held a short meeting after a heavy rain in their city. The rain stopped in the afternoon, but some streets near the school were still covered with water. Several buses were delayed, and two students had to walk a long way home. Their teacher, Ms. Liu, asked the class to think about why floods seemed to happen more often than before. At first, many students thought the problem was only the weather. Then Li Hua showed a picture of a blocked street drain. Plastic bottles and food bags were lying around it. He said that when people threw waste on the ground, rainwater could not run away quickly. Wang Mei added that some trees near her community had been cut down to build a parking lot. Without enough trees and soil, water rushed into the street much faster. The class also talked about what students could do. They could not stop every natural disaster, but they could reduce some damage. They decided to make a poster called “Keep Drains Clear, Keep Our City Safe”. The poster asked people not to throw rubbish, to plant more trees, and to use public transportation when possible. They planned to put the poster on the school notice board and share it with their families. Ms. Liu praised their ideas. She reminded them that environmental protection was not only a big national plan but also a daily habit. If more people made small changes, the city would become safer when heavy rain came. The students finally understood that some natural disasters were closely connected with human activities. 11. The students held a meeting after a heavy rain in their city. 12. Li Hua believed floods were caused only by the weather. 13. The class poster advised people to keep drains clear and plant more trees. 14. Ms. Liu said environmental protection was only a national plan. 15. The passage mentions that students used drones to check the river. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $