7.3 Natural Disasters（Reading and Writing 2）-《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 基于湖南中职学情，以“课前预习-课堂检测”分层设计，通过词汇变形夯实基础，阅读理解与应用文写作提升综合语言运用能力，对接对口升学考法。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |课前预习|词汇变形（动词-名词、名词-形容词等词性转换）|针对基础薄弱学情，聚焦核心词汇转化，强化语言能力基础| |课堂检测|阅读理解（语篇信息获取与推理）、应用文填空（词汇运用与语篇写作）|结合环保主题，阅读题考查思维品质，写作题落实“基础+提升”，对接升学考法，培养综合语言运用与文化意识|

编写说明：基于湖南中职学生英语基础薄弱、学习内驱力不足的学情特点，为提升学习效率，落实课前、课中、课后教学闭环，本专辑依据最新《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，打造湖南专用《英语 基础模块 3》（高教版第三版）《一课一练》，专辑共 40 练，完全对接湖南对口升学考法。 本卷为《英语 基础模块 3》（高教版第三版）Unit 7 Natural Disasters（Reading and Writing 2）的课前预习与课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版） Unit 7 Natural Disasters 一课一练（3） Reading and Writing 2 【课前预习】 一、词汇变形 1. ______ v. 污染 → ______ n. 污染 2. ______ v. 保护 → ______ n. 保护 3. ______ v. 防止 → ______ n. 预防 4. ______ v. 维持 → ______ adj. 可持续的 5. ______ v. 讨论 → ______ n. 讨论 6. ______ n. 环境 → ______ adj. 环境的 7. ______ n. 自然 → ______ adj. 自然的 8. ______ adj. 真实的 → ______ v. 认识到 【答案】1.pollute → pollution；2.protect → protection；3.prevent → prevention；4.sustain → sustainable；5.discuss → discussion；6.environment → environmental；7.nature → natural；8.real → realize 【课堂检测】 一、阅读理解（5题） In recent years, more vocational schools have paid attention to disaster education. At Hunan Green Vocational School, students do not only read about typhoons, floods and heat waves in textbooks. They also learn how to protect themselves and how to explain the causes of some disasters to others. The school believes that young people should understand the relationship between human activities and the environment. Last month, the school invited a local weather worker to give a talk. He showed students several maps of the city. In the past, there were more trees and open fields around the river. Now, many places have become roads, factories and buildings. When rain comes suddenly, the water has fewer places to go. This is one reason why floods may cause greater damage than before. He also explained that heavy industry and vehicles can produce harmful gases, which may lead to smog and acid rain. After the talk, students from different majors worked together on a project. The computer class made a simple online survey about students’ travel habits. The art class designed posters about green energy. The automobile class introduced electric cars and public transportation. Each group had to give practical advice instead of empty words. The project changed many students’ ideas. Some used to think natural disasters were far away from daily life. Now they realize that turning off lights, reducing food waste and choosing greener travel can be meaningful. No one can prevent all disasters, but everyone can help reduce environmental damage. That is the main lesson the school hopes students will remember. 1.Why did Hunan Green Vocational School teach disaster education? A. To help students remember every map. B. To make students understand disasters and the environment. C. To ask students to stop all factories at once. D. To train students to become weather workers. 【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，学校希望学生理解人类活动与环境的关系，并学习灾害防护。 2.What was one reason for greater flood damage in the city? A. The river became smaller because of fish. B. Students did not read enough books. C. Water had fewer places to go after land changes. D. The weather worker closed the roads. 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。第二段提到道路、工厂和建筑增多，雨水可去的地方变少，因而洪水破坏更大。 3.Which group introduced electric cars and public transportation? A. The automobile class. B. The computer class. C. The art class. D. The cooking class. 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。第三段“The automobile class introduced electric cars and public transportation.”可定位答案。 4.What can we learn from the project? A. Natural disasters are never related to people. B. Only experts can protect the environment. C. Posters are useless in school projects. D. Daily green habits can help reduce environmental damage. 【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。最后一段强调关灯、减少食物浪费、绿色出行都有意义，由此可推知日常习惯能减少环境破坏。 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. A Weather Worker’s Daily Job B. Learning to Act for a Safer Environment C. The History of Electric Cars D. How to Build a Factory Near a River 【答案】B 【解析】主旨大意题。全文围绕学校开展灾害教育和环保项目，引导学生以行动保护环境，故B项最合适。 二、应用文填空写作（10空） 以下是李华写给英国朋友Tom的一封信，介绍学校环保活动并提出建议。请根据括号里的中文信息将内容补充完整，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear that your school is going to hold an ____6____ (环境保护周). Our class did a similar activity last month, so I’d like to share some useful ideas with you. ____7____ (自然灾害) such as floods, sandstorms and heat waves have become more ____8____ (频繁的) in some places. Some of them are connected with ____9____ (人类活动), so students should learn to ____10____ (作出改变). First, you can invite a teacher or a local worker to give a short talk about the ____11____ (原因) of natural disasters. It will help students understand that ____12____ (污染), tree cutting and too much use of coal and oil may lead to serious environmental damage. Second, students can make posters with clear pictures and simple sentences. For example, a poster may ask people to ____13____ (促进) green energy use, prevent food waste and take ____14____ (公共交通). Third, you can organize a “green travel day”. Students may walk, ride bikes or take buses to school if it is safe and possible. You may also set up a small exhibition in the school hall. Students can collect photos of floods, droughts and smog, and write short notes under each photo. These notes should explain not only what happened, but also what people can do before and after a disaster. In this way, visitors will learn useful knowledge instead of only looking at pictures. And students can take their ____15____(责任）. In my opinion, the most important thing is to connect big ideas with daily habits. When more students join the activity, small actions will become a strong force. I hope these suggestions will be helpful. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】6. Environmental Protection Week 7. Natural disasters 8. frequent 9. human activities 10. make a change 11. causes 12. pollution 13. promote 14. public transportation 15. responsibilities 【导语】本文是一篇应用文（书信）。文章主要介绍李华给英国朋友Tom分享学校环保周活动建议，强调自然灾害与人类活动的关系。 【6题详解】考查名词短语。根据中文提示“环境保护周”可知，应用Environmental Protection Week，作活动名称。故填Environmental Protection Week。 【7题详解】考查名词短语。根据中文提示“自然灾害”可知，应用Natural disasters，句首首字母大写。故填Natural disasters。 【8题详解】考查形容词。根据中文提示“频繁的”可知，应用frequent，作表语。故填frequent。 【9题详解】考查名词短语。根据中文提示“人类活动”可知，应用human activities，activity此处用复数。故填human activities。 【10题详解】考查固定短语。make a change意为“作出改变”。故填make a change。 【11题详解】考查名词复数。根据the causes of可知，此处用causes表示“原因”。故填causes。 【12题详解】考查名词。pollution意为“污染”，作并列宾语。故填pollution。 【13题详解】考查动词。情态动词may后接动词原形promote。故填promote。 【14题详解】考查名词短语。public transportation意为“公共交通”。故填public transportation。 【15题详解】考查名词。responsibilities意为“责任”，在形容词性物主代词their后作宾语。故填responsibilities。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：基于湖南中职学生英语基础薄弱、学习内驱力不足的学情特点，为提升学习效率，落实课前、课中、课后教学闭环，本专辑依据最新《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，打造湖南专用《英语 基础模块 3》（高教版第三版）《一课一练》，专辑共 40 练，完全对接湖南对口升学考法。 本卷为《英语 基础模块 3》（高教版第三版）Unit 7 Natural Disasters（Reading and Writing 2）的课前预习与课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版） Unit 7 Natural Disasters 一课一练（3） Reading and Writing 2 【课前预习】 一、词汇变形 1. ______ v. 污染 → ______ n. 污染 2. ______ v. 保护 → ______ n. 保护 3. ______ v. 防止 → ______ n. 预防 4. ______ v. 维持 → ______ adj. 可持续的 5. ______ v. 讨论 → ______ n. 讨论 6. ______ n. 环境 → ______ adj. 环境的 7. ______ n. 自然 → ______ adj. 自然的 8. ______ adj. 真实的 → ______ v. 认识到 【课堂检测】 一、阅读理解（5题） In recent years, more vocational schools have paid attention to disaster education. At Hunan Green Vocational School, students do not only read about typhoons, floods and heat waves in textbooks. They also learn how to protect themselves and how to explain the causes of some disasters to others. The school believes that young people should understand the relationship between human activities and the environment. Last month, the school invited a local weather worker to give a talk. He showed students several maps of the city. In the past, there were more trees and open fields around the river. Now, many places have become roads, factories and buildings. When rain comes suddenly, the water has fewer places to go. This is one reason why floods may cause greater damage than before. He also explained that heavy industry and vehicles can produce harmful gases, which may lead to smog and acid rain. After the talk, students from different majors worked together on a project. The computer class made a simple online survey about students’ travel habits. The art class designed posters about green energy. The automobile class introduced electric cars and public transportation. Each group had to give practical advice instead of empty words. The project changed many students’ ideas. Some used to think natural disasters were far away from daily life. Now they realize that turning off lights, reducing food waste and choosing greener travel can be meaningful. No one can prevent all disasters, but everyone can help reduce environmental damage. That is the main lesson the school hopes students will remember. 1.Why did Hunan Green Vocational School teach disaster education? A. To help students remember every map. B. To make students understand disasters and the environment. C. To ask students to stop all factories at once. D. To train students to become weather workers. 2.What was one reason for greater flood damage in the city? A. The river became smaller because of fish. B. Students did not read enough books. C. Water had fewer places to go after land changes. D. The weather worker closed the roads. 3.Which group introduced electric cars and public transportation? A. The automobile class. B. The computer class. C. The art class. D. The cooking class. 4.What can we learn from the project? A. Natural disasters are never related to people. B. Only experts can protect the environment. C. Posters are useless in school projects. D. Daily green habits can help reduce environmental damage. 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. A Weather Worker’s Daily Job B. Learning to Act for a Safer Environment C. The History of Electric Cars D. How to Build a Factory Near a River 二、应用文填空写作（10空） 以下是李华写给英国朋友Tom的一封信，介绍学校环保活动并提出建议。请根据括号里的中文信息将内容补充完整，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear that your school is going to hold an ____6____ (环境保护周). Our class did a similar activity last month, so I’d like to share some useful ideas with you. ____7____ (自然灾害) such as floods, sandstorms and heat waves have become more ____8____ (频繁的) in some places. Some of them are connected with ____9____ (人类活动), so students should learn to ____10____ (作出改变). First, you can invite a teacher or a local worker to give a short talk about the ____11____ (原因) of natural disasters. It will help students understand that ____12____ (污染), tree cutting and too much use of coal and oil may lead to serious environmental damage. Second, students can make posters with clear pictures and simple sentences. For example, a poster may ask people to ____13____ (促进) green energy use, prevent food waste and take ____14____ (公共交通). Third, you can organize a “green travel day”. Students may walk, ride bikes or take buses to school if it is safe and possible. You may also set up a small exhibition in the school hall. Students can collect photos of floods, droughts and smog, and write short notes under each photo. These notes should explain not only what happened, but also what people can do before and after a disaster. In this way, visitors will learn useful knowledge instead of only looking at pictures. And students can take their ____15____(责任）. In my opinion, the most important thing is to connect big ideas with daily habits. When more students join the activity, small actions will become a strong force. I hope these suggestions will be helpful. Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $