内容正文:
沪教牛津八年级下册Unit 5 Saving animals in danger 知识清单(背诵版)
目录
一、核心词汇(词形变换+搭配+例句) 2
二、核心词组(搭配+例句) 6
三、核心语法:it作形式主语 & 形容词+enough+to do sth. 8
(一)it作形式主语(核心考点) 8
1. 定义 8
2. 两种核心结构(单元重点,必背) 8
3. 易混点辨析(重点区分for和of) 9
(二)形容词 + enough + to + 动词 9
1. 定义 9
2. 三种核心结构(必背) 9
3. 注意事项 9
(三)语法练习题(基础+提升) 10
四、单元书面表达总结(写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板) 11
(一)写作框架梳理(3段式+小标题) 11
(二)高分词汇/词组积累(替换基础词,提升作文档次) 12
1. 高分词汇(替换基础词) 12
2. 高分词组(写作高频,必背) 12
(三)参考范文(可直接背诵仿写) 12
(四)写作模板(万能模板,适配所有"濒危动物"主题,直接套写) 13
一、核心词汇(词形变换+搭配+例句)
1. recognize 词义:v. 认出;辨别出
词形变换:recognized(过去式/过去分词);recognizing(现在分词);recognition(n. 认出;识别)
搭配:recognize sb./sth. 认出某人/某物;recognize...from... 从……认出……
例句:I can easily recognize the red-crowned crane from other birds because of its red crown.
(我能轻易从其他鸟类中认出丹顶鹤,因为它的红冠。)
2. force 词义:v. 强迫;迫使 / n. 力量;武力
词形变换:forced(过去式/过去分词);forcing(现在分词);forceful(adj. 有力的)
搭配:force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事;by force 用武力
例句:People should not force animals to live in small cages.
(人们不应该强迫动物生活在小笼子里。)
3. value 词义:v. 重视;珍视 / n. 价值;意义
词形变换:valued(过去式/过去分词/adj. 珍贵的);valuing(现在分词);valuable(adj. 有价值的)
搭配:value sth. highly 高度重视某物;the value of life 生命的价值
例句:We should value every animal, because they are important to our ecosystem.
(我们应该珍视每一种动物,因为它们对我们的生态系统很重要。)
4. throw 词义:v. 抛;扔;投掷
词形变换:threw(过去式);thrown(过去分词);throwing(现在分词)
搭配:throw sth. into... 把某物扔进……;throw away 扔掉
例句:It is wrong of people to throw rubbish into the sea, which pollutes the home of sea animals.
(人们把垃圾扔进海里是错误的,这污染了海洋动物的家园。)
5. law 词义:n. 法律;法规
词形变换:laws(复数);legal(adj. 合法的);illegal(adj. 非法的)
搭配:break the law 违反法律;obey the law 遵守法律;wildlife protection laws 野生动物保护法
例句:The government makes laws to protect animals in danger from being killed.
(政府制定法律保护濒危动物不被杀害。)
6. punish 词义:v. 处罚;惩罚
词形变换:punished(过去式/过去分词);punishing(现在分词);punishment(n. 惩罚)
搭配:punish sb. for doing sth. 因做某事惩罚某人;punish sb. severely 严厉惩罚某人
例句:People who kill red-crowned cranes will be punished by the law.
(杀害丹顶鹤的人会受到法律的惩罚。)
7. blog 词义:n. 博客 / v. 写博客
词形变换:blogs(复数/第三人称单数);blogged(过去式/过去分词);blogging(现在分词)
搭配:write a blog 写博客;publish a blog 发表博客;a blog about... 一篇关于……的博客
例句:I wrote a blog about Asian elephants to call on people to protect them.
(我写了一篇关于亚洲象的博客,呼吁人们保护它们。)
8. publish 词义:v. 发表;公布;出版
词形变换:published(过去式/过去分词);publishing(现在分词);publisher(n. 出版商)
搭配:publish a book 出版一本书;publish an article 发表一篇文章;publish news 公布新闻
例句:The nature club will publish the best blog posts about animals in danger on its official website.
(自然俱乐部将在其官方网站上发表关于濒危动物的最佳博客文章。)
9. rare 词义:adj. 稀罕的;珍贵的;稀有的
词形变换:rarer(比较级);rarest(最高级);rarity(n. 稀有;珍品)
搭配:a rare animal 稀有动物;rare species 珍稀物种;rare birds 珍禽
例句:The red-crowned crane is a rare bird and it is protected by the government.
(丹顶鹤是一种珍禽,受到政府的保护。)
10. slim 词义:adj. 苗条的;纤细的
词形变换:slimmer(比较级);slimmest(最高级);slimly(adv. 苗条地)
搭配:a slim neck 纤细的脖子;a slim figure 苗条的身材
例句:Red-crowned cranes are tall birds with slim necks and white feathers.
(丹顶鹤是高大的鸟类,有纤细的脖子和白色的羽毛。)
11. alarmed 词义:adj. 担忧的;惊慌的
词形变换:alarm(v. 使担忧;使惊慌);alarm(n. 警报;担忧)
搭配:be alarmed at/by sth. 对某事感到担忧;feel alarmed 感到惊慌
例句:Xu Xiujuan was alarmed when she found two swans went missing.
(当徐秀娟发现两只天鹅失踪时,她感到很担忧。)
12. typical 词义:adj. 典型的;有代表性的
词形变换:typically(adv. 典型地)
搭配:it is typical of sb./sth. to do sth. 做某事是某人/某物的典型特征
例句:It is typical of swans to feed in wetlands and near rivers.
(在湿地和河流附近觅食是天鹅的典型特征。)
13. thirsty 词义:adj. 渴的;口渴的
词形变换:thirst(n. 口渴);thirstily(adv. 口渴地)
搭配:feel thirsty 感到口渴;be thirsty for 渴望……
例句:After searching for the swans for two days, Xu Xiujuan was hungry and thirsty.
(寻找天鹅两天后,徐秀娟又饿又渴。)
14. sore 词义:adj. 疼痛的;酸痛的 / n. 痛处;伤口
搭配:a sore body 身体酸痛;a sore throat 喉咙痛;be sore from doing sth. 因做某事而酸痛
例句:Her body was sore from swimming in the cold water for many hours.
(她在冷水中游泳了好几个小时,身体感到酸痛。)
15. danger 词义:n. 危险;风险
词形变换:dangers(复数);dangerous(adj. 危险的);endangered(adj. 濒危的)
搭配:in danger 处于危险中;out of danger 脱离危险;in danger of 有……的危险
例句:Many animals are in danger of dying out because of human activities.
(由于人类活动,许多动物正处于灭绝的危险中。)
16. protect 词义:v. 保护;保卫
词形变换:protected(过去式/过去分词);protecting(现在分词);protection(n. 保护);protector(n. 保护者)
搭配:protect sb./sth. from/against sth. 保护某人/某物免受某物伤害;environmental protection 环境保护
例句:We should take action to protect animals in danger before it is too late.
(我们应该采取行动保护濒危动物,以免为时过晚。)
17. habitat 词义:n. 栖息地;住处
词形变换:habitats(复数)
搭配:lose one's habitat 失去栖息地;protect animal habitats 保护动物栖息地;natural habitat 自然栖息地
例句:The biggest threat to red-crowned cranes is the loss of their habitat.
(丹顶鹤面临的最大威胁是栖息地的丧失。)
18. reserve 词义:n. 自然保护区;储备 / v. 储备;保留
词形变换:reserves(复数/第三人称单数);reserved(过去式/过去分词);reserving(现在分词)
搭配:nature reserve 自然保护区;national nature reserve 国家级自然保护区;reserve sth. for sb. 为某人保留某物
例句:Yancheng Wetland Rare Birds National Nature Reserve is a safe home for red-crowned cranes.
(盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区是丹顶鹤的安全家园。)
19. disappear 词义:v. 消失;不见
词形变换:disappeared(过去式/过去分词);disappearing(现在分词);disappearance(n. 消失)
搭配:disappear from... 从……消失;disappear forever 永远消失
例句:If we don't protect them, some rare animals will disappear from the earth forever.
(如果我们不保护它们,一些稀有动物将会永远从地球上消失。)
20. devotion 词义:n. 奉献;忠诚
词形变换:devote(v. 奉献);devoted(adj. 忠诚的;投入的)
搭配:devotion to sth./sb. 对某物/某人的奉献;in memory of one's devotion 为了纪念某人的奉献
例句:We will never forget Xu Xiujuan's devotion to protecting red-crowned cranes.
(我们永远不会忘记徐秀娟对保护丹顶鹤的奉献。)
21. illegal 词义:adj. 非法的;违法的
词形变换:illegally(adv. 非法地);反义词:legal(adj. 合法的)
搭配:illegal hunting 非法捕猎;illegal trade 非法交易;illegal activities 非法活动
例句:Illegal hunting is one of the main reasons why many animals are in danger.
(非法捕猎是许多动物濒危的主要原因之一。)
22. population 词义:n. 种群;人口
搭配:the population of... ……的种群数量/人口;population trend 种群趋势;fall in population 种群数量下降
例句:The population of Asian elephants is decreasing year by year.
(亚洲象的种群数量正逐年减少。)
二、核心词组(搭配+例句)
1. more than enough 含义:绰绰有余;足够多
例句:There is more than enough food for the red-crowned cranes in the nature reserve.
(自然保护区里有足够多的食物供丹顶鹤食用。)
2. shoot dead 含义:枪杀;击毙
例句:People who shoot rare animals dead will be severely punished by the law.
(枪杀稀有动物的人将受到法律的严厉惩罚。)
3. make use of 含义:使用;利用
例句:We should make good use of our spare time to learn about animals in danger.
(我们应该充分利用空闲时间了解濒危动物。)
4. without a care in the world 含义:无忧无虑
例句:In the nature reserve, the young red-crowned cranes live without a care in the world.
(在自然保护区里,小丹顶鹤无忧无虑地生活着。)
5. ought to 含义:应该;应当(语气比should稍强,表义务)
例句:We ought to protect the environment to provide a better home for animals.
(我们应该保护环境,为动物提供更好的家园。)
6. up to 含义:到达(某数量、程度等);至多有
例句:Asian elephants can weigh up to 5,400 kilograms and be up to 3.2 metres tall.
(亚洲象的体重可达5400公斤,身高可达3.2米。)
7. nature reserve 含义:自然保护区
例句:Zhalong National Nature Reserve is one of the most important habitats for red-crowned cranes.
(扎龙国家级自然保护区是丹顶鹤最重要的栖息地之一。)
8. day and night 含义:夜以继日;日夜不停地
例句:When a bird was sick, Xu Xiujuan would stay with it day and night until it recovered.
(当有鸟生病时,徐秀娟会夜以继日地陪着它,直到它康复。)
9. go missing 含义:失踪;不见
例句:Two swans went missing in the nature reserve, and Xu Xiujuan searched for them everywhere.
(自然保护区里有两只天鹅失踪了,徐秀娟到处寻找它们。)
10. look for 含义:寻找;查找
例句:The workers in the nature reserve looked for the missing swans for two days and nights.
(自然保护区的工作人员找了失踪的天鹅两天两夜。)
11. lose one's life 含义:牺牲生命;丧命
例句:Xu Xiujuan lost her life while searching for the missing swans at the age of 23.
(徐秀娟在寻找失踪天鹅时牺牲了生命,年仅23岁。)
12. in memory of 含义:为了纪念……
例句:A song called "The Story of the Red-Crowned Crane" was written in memory of Xu Xiujuan.
(一首名为《丹顶鹤的故事》的歌被创作出来,以纪念徐秀娟。)
13. be in danger 含义:处于危险中
例句:Red-crowned cranes are in danger because of habitat loss and illegal hunting.
(由于栖息地丧失和非法捕猎,丹顶鹤处于危险之中。)
14. protect...from... 含义:保护……免受……伤害
例句:We should protect animals in danger from being killed by illegal hunters.
(我们应该保护濒危动物,防止它们被非法猎人杀害。)
15. break the law 含义:违反法律
例句:It is wrong to break the law to hunt rare animals for money.
(为了钱而捕猎稀有动物、违反法律是错误的。)
三、核心语法:it作形式主语 & 形容词+enough+to do sth.
(一)it作形式主语(核心考点)
1. 定义
当句子的主语是一个较长的不定式短语时,为了避免句子头重脚轻,我们通常用it作形式主语,将真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句子末尾,此时it本身无实际意义。
2. 两种核心结构(单元重点,必背)
★ 结构1:It is + 形容词 + for + 名词/代词 + to + 动词(描述"做某事"的性质、特点)
① 用法:形容词修饰"不定式动作",说明"做某事是……的",for后面的名词/代词是不定式的逻辑主语(即"做某事的人/物")。
② 常用形容词:important(重要的)、necessary(必要的)、easy(容易的)、difficult(困难的)、interesting(有趣的)、impossible(不可能的)、helpful(有帮助的)等。
例句:It is important for students to learn English well. 学生学好英语很重要。
It is necessary for us to make laws to protect animals in danger.(我们有必要制定法律保护濒危动物。)
It is difficult for red-crowned cranes to find new habitats.(丹顶鹤很难找到新的栖息地。)
★ 结构2:It is + 形容词 + of + 名词/代词 + to + 动词(评价"做某事的人"的品质)
① 用法:形容词修饰"人",说明"某人做某事是……的",of后面的名词/代词是不定式的逻辑主语,且形容词多为描述人的品质的词。
② 常用形容词:kind(善良的)、brave(勇敢的)、wise(明智的)、polite(有礼貌的)、foolish(愚蠢的)、selfish(自私的)、generous(慷慨的)等。
例句:It’s kind of you to lend me your pen.你借我笔,真是太好了。
It was brave of him to save the drowning child.他救下落水孩子,真勇敢。
It is kind of you to help feed the homeless animals.(你真好,帮助喂养无家可归的动物。)
It is foolish of people to kill rare animals for money.(人们为了钱杀害稀有动物是愚蠢的。)
3. 易混点辨析(重点区分for和of)
|结构|介词|形容词修饰对象|例句|
|It is + adj. + ... + to do|for|不定式动作(做某事)|It is important for us to protect animals.|
|It is + adj. + ... + to do|of|人(做某事的人)|It is brave of Xu Xiujuan to save the swans.|
(二)形容词 + enough + to + 动词
1. 定义
表示"某人/某物足够……可以做某事",强调"程度足够";其否定形式表示"某人/某物不够……不能做某事",可与"too + 形容词 + to + 动词"(太……而不能……)转换(注意形容词的感情色彩)。
2. 三种核心结构(必背)
① 肯定结构:主语 + be + 形容词 + enough + to + 动词(足够……能做某事)
The bird was strong enough to fly again.(这只鸟足够强壮,可以再次飞翔了。)
② 否定结构:主语 + be + not + 形容词 + enough + to + 动词(不够……不能做某事)
She was not brave enough to swim in the deep water. → She was too timid to swim in the deep water.
(她不够勇敢,不敢在深水里游泳。)
③ 转换结构:否定结构 → 主语 + be + too + 反义词(形容词) + to + 动词(太……而不能……)
Xu Xiujuan was too tired to return to the shore.(徐秀娟太累了,无法回到岸边。)
3. 注意事项
① enough修饰形容词时,必须放在形容词后面(区别于enough修饰名词,放在名词前后均可);
② "too + 形容词 + to + 动词"中,too后面的形容词多为"负面含义"(如tired, timid, short等),表"程度过度"。
(三)语法练习题(基础+提升)
A.基础题:用for或of填空,或用括号内形容词的适当形式完成句子
1. It is important ________ us to protect the environment for animals.
2. It is brave ________ Xu Xiujuan to search for the missing swans in the cold water.
3. The red-crowned crane is ________ (tall) enough to reach the leaves on the tall trees.
4. It is foolish ________ people to break the law to hunt rare animals.
5. She was not ________ (strong) enough to carry the heavy box of bird food.
6. It is necessary ________ the government to set up more nature reserves.
基础题答案:1. for 2. of 3. tall 4. of 5. strong 6. for
B. 提升题:句型转换(按要求改写句子)
1. To protect animals in danger is important.(改为it作形式主语)
.
2. He is kind to help the homeless animals.(改为it作形式主语)
.
3. The boy is not tall enough to reach the apples on the tree.(改为too...to...结构)
.
4. It is wise of you to learn about animal protection.(改为同义句,保留it作形式主语)
.
提升题答案:
1. It is important to protect animals in danger.
2. It is kind of him to help the homeless animals.
3. The boy is too short to reach the apples on the tree.
4. It is wise for you to learn about animal protection.(或You are wise to learn about animal protection.)
四、单元书面表达总结(写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板)
本单元书面表达核心话题:Writing a blog post about an animal in danger(写一篇关于濒危动物的博客文章)
(一)写作框架梳理(3段式+小标题)
提示:博客文章需简洁明了,使用小标题帮助读者快速找到关键信息,可适当加入简单的呼吁,贴合单元"动物保护"主题。
Paragraph 1:Introduction(开篇引入,点出动物名称)
核心内容:点明要介绍的濒危动物名称,简要说明其地位(如:稀有物种、国家保护动物),吸引读者兴趣。
句式模板:
① Today, I want to introduce an animal in danger — the ________ (动物名称). It is one of the rarest species in the world.
② Have you ever seen a ________ (动物名称)? This beautiful animal is now in danger of dying out.
Paragraph 2:Details about the animal(详细介绍,分小标题展开)
核心内容:用小标题呈现动物的外观、栖息地、食物、行为等基本信息,再说明其濒危的原因(重点)。
小标题建议:
1. Appearance(外观):描述体型、颜色、独特特征(如丹顶鹤的红冠、亚洲象的长鼻子)。
句式:The ________ (动物名称) is ________ (体型) and ________ (颜色). It has ________ (独特特征), which makes it easy to recognize.
2. Home(栖息地):说明其生活的地区、环境(如湿地、森林、草原)。
句式:________ (动物名称) live in ________ (栖息地,如wetlands, forests) of ________ (地区,如China, South East Asia).
3. Why in danger(濒危原因):结合单元重点(栖息地丧失、非法捕猎、污染等)。
句式:Unfortunately, the ________ (动物名称) is in danger now. People are ________ (原因1,如cutting down forests), and some are ________ (原因2,如killing them for their tusks/feathers).
Paragraph 3:Call for action(呼吁行动,结尾升华)
核心内容:表达对该动物的看法,提出保护建议,呼吁人们行动起来,贴合单元"义务与责任"的核心。
句式模板:
① It is important for us to protect the ________ (动物名称), because it is a precious part of our nature.
② We ought to ________ (保护建议1,如protect their habitats), and we should also ________ (保护建议2,如obey the wildlife protection laws).
③ Let's work together to save the ________ (动物名称) and make the world a better home for all animals!
(二)高分词汇/词组积累(替换基础词,提升作文档次)
1. 高分词汇(替换基础词)
beautiful → graceful, lovely, magnificent(优雅的,可爱的,壮丽的)
例句:The red-crowned crane is a graceful bird with white feathers.
important → significant, precious, vital(重要的,珍贵的,至关重要的)
例句:Protecting rare animals is vital for our ecosystem.
save → protect, rescue, preserve(保护,拯救,保护(原状))
例句:We should rescue animals in danger from extinction.
bad → terrible, harmful, destructive(可怕的,有害的,破坏性的)
Cutting down forests is destructive to animal habitats.|
2. 高分词组(写作高频,必背)
1 in danger of dying out 处于灭绝的危险中
2 lose one's habitat 失去栖息地
3 illegal hunting 非法捕猎
4 set up nature reserves 建立自然保护区
5 obey wildlife protection laws 遵守野生动物保护法
6 work together to do sth. 共同努力做某事
7 call on sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事
8 a precious part of nature 自然的珍贵部分
(三)参考范文(可直接背诵仿写)
Our Graceful Friend — the Red-Crowned Crane
Today, I want to introduce an animal in danger — the red-crowned crane. It is one of the rarest crane species in the world and a symbol of luck, long life and loyalty in China.
Appearance: The red-crowned crane is tall and graceful. It has white feathers, a slim neck and a bright red crown on its head, which makes it very special.
Home: It lives in wetlands and forests of China, such as Zhalong and Yancheng nature reserves.
Why in danger: Unfortunately, the red-crowned crane is in danger now. People are destroying its habitat by cutting down trees and polluting wetlands. Some illegal hunters also kill it for its feathers.
It is important for us to protect the red-crowned crane. We ought to protect its habitat and obey the wildlife protection laws. Let's work together to save this graceful bird and make it live without a care in the world!
(四)写作模板(万能模板,适配所有"濒危动物"主题,直接套写)
Our ________ (Adjective: graceful/lovely/magnificent) Friend — the ________ (Animal Name)
Today, I want to introduce an animal in danger — the ________ (Animal Name). It is one of the rarest species in the world and a symbol of ________ (象征,如luck, beauty, strength) in some countries.
Appearance: The ________ (Animal Name) is ________ (Size: tall/small/large) and ________ (Color). It has ________ (Unique Feature), which makes it easy to recognize. It can ________ (Ability, 如fly, swim, run) very well.
Home: It lives in ________ (Habitat: wetlands, forests, grasslands) of ________ (Place: China, South East Asia). These places provide it with enough food and a safe home.
Why in danger: Unfortunately, the ________ (Animal Name) is in danger now. The biggest threat to it is ________ (Threat 1: loss of habitat). Besides, some people ________ (Threat 2: kill it for its tusks/feathers, pollute its home). Its population is decreasing year by year.
It is vital for us to protect the ________ (Animal Name). We should ________ (Protection Suggestion 1: set up more nature reserves) and ________ (Protection Suggestion 2: stop illegal hunting). Let's call on more people to join us and save this precious animal together!
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沪教牛津八年级下册Unit 5 Saving animals in danger 知识清单(默写版)
目录
一、核心词汇(词形变换+搭配+例句) 2
二、核心词组(搭配+例句) 6
三、核心语法:it作形式主语 & 形容词+enough+to do sth. 8
(一)it作形式主语(核心考点) 8
1. 定义 8
2. 两种核心结构(单元重点,必背) 9
3. 易混点辨析(重点区分for和of) 9
(二)形容词 + enough + to + 动词 9
1. 定义 9
2. 三种核心结构(必背) 9
(三)语法练习题(基础+提升) 10
四、单元书面表达总结(写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板) 11
(一)写作框架梳理(3段式+小标题) 11
(二)高分词汇/词组积累(替换基础词,提升作文档次) 12
1. 高分词汇(替换基础词) 12
2. 高分词组(写作高频,必背) 12
(三)参考范文(可直接背诵仿写) 12
(四)写作模板(万能模板,适配所有"濒危动物"主题,直接套写) 13
一、核心词汇(词形变换+搭配+例句)
1. recognize 词义:v. 认出;辨别出
词形变换:_______________(过去式/过去分词);_______________(现在分词);_______________(n. 认出;识别)
搭配:recognize sb./sth. 认出某人/某物;recognize...from... 从……认出……
例句:I can easily _______________ the red-crowned crane from other birds because of its red crown.
(我能轻易从其他鸟类中认出丹顶鹤,因为它的红冠。)
2. force 词义:v. 强迫;迫使 / n. 力量;武力
词形变换:_______________(过去式/过去分词);_______________(现在分词);_______________(adj. 有力的)
搭配:force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事;by force 用武力
例句:People should not _______________ animals to live in small cages.
(人们不应该强迫动物生活在小笼子里。)
3. value 词义:v. 重视;珍视 / n. 价值;意义
词形变换:_______________(过去式/过去分词/adj. 珍贵的);_______________(现在分词);_______________(adj. 有价值的)
搭配:value sth. highly 高度重视某物;the value of life 生命的价值
例句:We should _______________ every animal, because they are important to our ecosystem.
(我们应该珍视每一种动物,因为它们对我们的生态系统很重要。)
4. throw 词义:v. 抛;扔;投掷
词形变换:_______________(过去式);_______________(过去分词);_______________(现在分词)
搭配:throw sth. into... 把某物扔进……;throw away 扔掉
例句:It is wrong of people to _______________ rubbish into the sea, which pollutes the home of sea animals.
(人们把垃圾扔进海里是错误的,这污染了海洋动物的家园。)
5. law 词义:n. 法律;法规
词形变换:laws(复数);_______________(adj. 合法的);_______________(adj. 非法的)
搭配:break the law 违反法律;obey the law 遵守法律;wildlife protection laws 野生动物保护法
例句:The government makes _______________ to protect animals in danger from being killed.
(政府制定法律保护濒危动物不被杀害。)
6. punish 词义:v. 处罚;惩罚
词形变换:_______________(过去式/过去分词);_______________(现在分词);_______________(n. 惩罚)
搭配:punish sb. for doing sth. 因做某事惩罚某人;punish sb. severely 严厉惩罚某人
例句:People who kill red-crowned cranes will be _______________ by the law.
(杀害丹顶鹤的人会受到法律的惩罚。)
7. blog 词义:n. 博客 / v. 写博客
词形变换:blogs(复数/第三人称单数);_______________(过去式/过去分词);_______________(现在分词)
搭配:write a blog 写博客;publish a blog 发表博客;a blog about... 一篇关于……的博客
例句:I _______________ a blog about Asian elephants to call on people to protect them.
(我写了一篇关于亚洲象的博客,呼吁人们保护它们。)
8. publish 词义:v. 发表;公布;出版
词形变换:_______________(过去式/过去分词);_______________(现在分词);_______________(n. 出版商)
搭配:publish a book 出版一本书;publish an article 发表一篇文章;publish news 公布新闻
例句:The nature club will _______________ the best blog posts about animals in danger on its official website.
(自然俱乐部将在其官方网站上发表关于濒危动物的最佳博客文章。)
9. rare 词义:adj. 稀罕的;珍贵的;稀有的
词形变换:_______________(比较级);_______________(最高级);_______________(n. 稀有;珍品)
搭配:a rare animal 稀有动物;rare species 珍稀物种;rare birds 珍禽
例句:The red-crowned crane is a _______________ bird and it is protected by the government.
(丹顶鹤是一种珍禽,受到政府的保护。)
10. slim 词义:adj. 苗条的;纤细的
词形变换:_______________(比较级);_______________(最高级);_______________(adv. 苗条地)
搭配:a slim neck 纤细的脖子;a slim figure 苗条的身材
例句:Red-crowned cranes are tall birds with _______________ necks and white feathers.
(丹顶鹤是高大的鸟类,有纤细的脖子和白色的羽毛。)
11. alarmed 词义:adj. 担忧的;惊慌的
词形变换:_______________(v. 使担忧;使惊慌);_______________(n. 警报;担忧)
搭配:be alarmed at/by sth. 对某事感到担忧;feel alarmed 感到惊慌
例句:Xu Xiujuan was _______________ when she found two swans went missing.
(当徐秀娟发现两只天鹅失踪时,她感到很担忧。)
12. typical 词义:adj. 典型的;有代表性的
词形变换:_______________(adv. 典型地)
搭配:it is typical of sb./sth. to do sth. 做某事是某人/某物的典型特征
例句:It is _______________ of swans to feed in wetlands and near rivers.
(在湿地和河流附近觅食是天鹅的典型特征。)
13. thirsty 词义:adj. 渴的;口渴的
词形变换:_______________(n. 口渴);_______________(adv. 口渴地)
搭配:feel thirsty 感到口渴;be thirsty for 渴望……
例句:After searching for the swans for two days, Xu Xiujuan was hungry and _______________.
(寻找天鹅两天后,徐秀娟又饿又渴。)
14. sore 词义:adj. 疼痛的;酸痛的 / n. 痛处;伤口
搭配:a sore body 身体酸痛;a sore throat 喉咙痛;be sore from doing sth. 因做某事而酸痛
例句:Her body was _______________ from swimming in the cold water for many hours.
(她在冷水中游泳了好几个小时,身体感到酸痛。)
15. danger 词义:n. 危险;风险
词形变换:dangers(复数);_______________(adj. 危险的);_______________(adj. 濒危的)
搭配:in danger 处于危险中;out of danger 脱离危险;in danger of 有……的危险
例句:Many animals are in _______________ of dying out because of human activities.
(由于人类活动,许多动物正处于灭绝的危险中。)
16. protect 词义:v. 保护;保卫
词形变换:_______________(过去式/过去分词);_______________(现在分词);_______________(n. 保护);_______________(n. 保护者)
搭配:protect sb./sth. from/against sth. 保护某人/某物免受某物伤害;environmental protection 环境保护
例句:We should take action to _______________ animals in danger before it is too late.
(我们应该采取行动保护濒危动物,以免为时过晚。)
17. habitat 词义:n. 栖息地;住处
词形变换:habitats(复数)
搭配:lose one's habitat 失去栖息地;protect animal habitats 保护动物栖息地;natural habitat 自然栖息地
例句:The biggest threat to red-crowned cranes is the loss of their _______________.
(丹顶鹤面临的最大威胁是栖息地的丧失。)
18. reserve 词义:n. 自然保护区;储备 / v. 储备;保留
词形变换:reserves(复数/第三人称单数);_______________(过去式/过去分词);_______________(现在分词)
搭配:nature reserve 自然保护区;national nature reserve 国家级自然保护区;reserve sth. for sb. 为某人保留某物
例句:Yancheng Wetland Rare Birds National Nature _______________ is a safe home for red-crowned cranes.
(盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区是丹顶鹤的安全家园。)
19. disappear 词义:v. 消失;不见
词形变换:_______________(过去式/过去分词);_______________(现在分词);_______________(n. 消失)
搭配:disappear from... 从……消失;disappear forever 永远消失
例句:If we don't protect them, some rare animals will _______________ from the earth forever.
(如果我们不保护它们,一些稀有动物将会永远从地球上消失。)
20. devotion 词义:n. 奉献;忠诚
词形变换:_______________(v. 奉献);_______________(adj. 忠诚的;投入的)
搭配:devotion to sth./sb. 对某物/某人的奉献;in memory of one's devotion 为了纪念某人的奉献
例句:We will never forget Xu Xiujuan's _______________ to protecting red-crowned cranes.
(我们永远不会忘记徐秀娟对保护丹顶鹤的奉献。)
21. illegal 词义:adj. 非法的;违法的
词形变换:_______________(adv. 非法地);反义词:legal(adj. 合法的)
搭配:illegal hunting 非法捕猎;illegal trade 非法交易;illegal activities 非法活动
例句:_______________ hunting is one of the main reasons why many animals are in danger.
(非法捕猎是许多动物濒危的主要原因之一。)
22. population 词义:n. 种群;人口
搭配:the population of... ……的种群数量/人口;population trend 种群趋势;fall in population 种群数量下降
例句:The _______________ of Asian elephants is decreasing year by year.
(亚洲象的种群数量正逐年减少。)
二、核心词组(搭配+例句)
1. more than enough 含义:绰绰有余;足够多
例句:There is ___________food for the red-crowned cranes in the nature reserve.
(自然保护区里有足够多的食物供丹顶鹤食用。)
2. shoot dead 含义:枪杀;击毙
例句:People who ___________ rare animals dead will be severely punished by the law.
(枪杀稀有动物的人将受到法律的严厉惩罚。)
3. make use of 含义:使用;利用
例句:We should make good _____________ of our spare time to learn about animals in danger.
(我们应该充分利用空闲时间了解濒危动物。)
4. without a care in the world 含义:无忧无虑
例句:In the nature reserve, the young red-crowned cranes live without a ____________ in the world.
(在自然保护区里,小丹顶鹤无忧无虑地生活着。)
5. ought to 含义:应该;应当(语气比should稍强,表义务)
例句:We ______________ protect the environment to provide a better home for animals.
(我们应该保护环境,为动物提供更好的家园。)
6. up to 含义:到达(某数量、程度等);至多有
例句:Asian elephants can weigh _______________ to 5,400 kilograms and be _______________ to 3.2 metres tall.
(亚洲象的体重可达5400公斤,身高可达3.2米。)
7. nature reserve 含义:自然保护区
例句:Zhalong National _______________ is one of the most important habitats for red-crowned cranes.
(扎龙国家级自然保护区是丹顶鹤最重要的栖息地之一。)
8. day and night 含义:夜以继日;日夜不停地
例句:When a bird was sick, Xu Xiujuan would stay with it _______________ and _______________ until it recovered.
(当有鸟生病时,徐秀娟会夜以继日地陪着它,直到它康复。)
9. go missing 含义:失踪;不见
例句:Two swans _______________ in the nature reserve, and Xu Xiujuan searched for them everywhere.
(自然保护区里有两只天鹅失踪了,徐秀娟到处寻找它们。)
10. look for 含义:寻找;查找
例句:The workers in the nature reserve _______________ the missing swans for two days and nights.
(自然保护区的工作人员找了失踪的天鹅两天两夜。)
11. lose one's life 含义:牺牲生命;丧命
例句:Xu Xiujuan _____________ her ______________while searching for the missing swans at the age of 23.
(徐秀娟在寻找失踪天鹅时牺牲了生命,年仅23岁。)
12. in memory of 含义:为了纪念……
例句:A song called "The Story of the Red-Crowned Crane" was written _______ _________ of Xu Xiujuan.
(一首名为《丹顶鹤的故事》的歌被创作出来,以纪念徐秀娟。)
13. be in danger 含义:处于危险中
例句:Red-crowned cranes_____ in _______________ because of habitat loss and illegal hunting.
(由于栖息地丧失和非法捕猎,丹顶鹤处于危险之中。)
14. protect...from... 含义:保护……免受……伤害
例句:We should _____ animals in danger from ___________ by illegal hunters.
(我们应该保护濒危动物,防止它们被非法猎人杀害。)
15. break the law 含义:违反法律
例句:It is wrong to ______ _____ _____to hunt rare animals for money.
(为了钱而捕猎稀有动物、违反法律是错误的。)
三、核心语法:it作形式主语 & 形容词+enough+to do sth.
(一)it作形式主语(核心考点)
1. 定义
当句子的主语是一个较长的不定式短语时,为了避免句子头重脚轻,我们通常用it作形式主语,将真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句子末尾,此时it本身无实际意义。
2. 两种核心结构(单元重点,必背)
★ 结构1:It is + 形容词 + for + 名词/代词 + to + 动词(描述"做某事"的性质、特点)
① 用法:形容词修饰"不定式动作",说明"做某事是……的",for后面的名词/代词是不定式的逻辑主语(即"做某事的人/物")。
② 常用形容词:important(重要的)、necessary(必要的)、easy(容易的)、difficult(困难的)、interesting(有趣的)、impossible(不可能的)、helpful(有帮助的)等。
例句:It is necessary _______________ us _______________ make laws to protect animals in danger.
例句:It is difficult _______________ red-crowned cranes _______________ find new habitats.
★ 结构2:It is + 形容词 + of + 名词/代词 + to + 动词(评价"做某事的人"的品质)
① 用法:形容词修饰"人",说明"某人做某事是……的",of后面的名词/代词是不定式的逻辑主语,且形容词多为描述人的品质的词。
② 常用形容词:kind(善良的)、brave(勇敢的)、wise(明智的)、polite(有礼貌的)、foolish(愚蠢的)、selfish(自私的)、generous(慷慨的)等。
例句:It is kind _______________ you _______________ help feed the homeless animals.
例句:It is foolish _______________ people _______________ kill rare animals for money.
3. 易混点辨析(重点区分for和of)
|结构|介词|形容词修饰对象|例句|
|It is + adj. + ... + to do|for|不定式动作(做某事)|It is important for us to protect animals.|
|It is + adj. + ... + to do|of|人(做某事的人)|It is brave of Xu Xiujuan to save the swans.|
(二)形容词 + enough + to + 动词
1. 定义
表示"某人/某物足够……可以做某事",强调"程度足够";其否定形式表示"某人/某物不够……不能做某事",可与"too + 形容词 + to + 动词"(太……而不能……)转换(注意形容词的感情色彩)。
2. 三种核心结构(必背)
① 肯定结构:主语 + be + 形容词 + enough + to + 动词(足够……能做某事)
The bird was strong _______________ to fly again.
② 否定结构:主语 + be + not + 形容词 + enough + to + 动词(不够……不能做某事)
She was not brave enough to swim in the deep water. → She was too _______________ to swim in the deep water.
③ 转换结构:否定结构 → 主语 + be + too + 反义词(形容词) + to + 动词(太……而不能……)
Xu Xiujuan was too _______________ to return to the shore.
3. 注意事项
① enough修饰形容词时,必须放在形容词后面(区别于enough修饰名词,放在名词前后均可);
② "too + 形容词 + to + 动词"中,too后面的形容词多为"负面含义"(如tired, timid, short等),表"程度过度"。
(三)语法练习题(基础+提升)
A. 基础题:用for或of填空,或用括号内形容词的适当形式完成句子
1. It is important ________ us to protect the environment for animals.
2. It is brave ________ Xu Xiujuan to search for the missing swans in the cold water.
3. The red-crowned crane is ________ (tall) enough to reach the leaves on the tall trees.
4. It is foolish ________ people to break the law to hunt rare animals.
5. She was not ________ (strong) enough to carry the heavy box of bird food.
6. It is necessary ________ the government to set up more nature reserves.
B. 提升题:句型转换(按要求改写句子)
1. To protect animals in danger is important.(改为it作形式主语)
.
2. He is kind to help the homeless animals.(改为it作形式主语)
.
3. The boy is not tall enough to reach the apples on the tree.(改为too...to...结构)
.
4. It is wise of you to learn about animal protection.(改为同义句,保留it作形式主语)
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四、单元书面表达总结(写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板)
本单元书面表达核心话题:Writing a blog post about an animal in danger(写一篇关于濒危动物的博客文章)
(一)写作框架梳理(3段式+小标题)
提示:博客文章需简洁明了,使用小标题帮助读者快速找到关键信息,可适当加入简单的呼吁,贴合单元"动物保护"主题。
Paragraph 1:Introduction(开篇引入,点出动物名称)
核心内容:点明要介绍的濒危动物名称,简要说明其地位(如:稀有物种、国家保护动物),吸引读者兴趣。
句式模板:
① Today, I want to introduce an animal in danger — the ________ (动物名称). It is one of the rarest species in the world.
② Have you ever seen a ________ (动物名称)? This beautiful animal is now in danger of dying out.
Paragraph 2:Details about the animal(详细介绍,分小标题展开)
核心内容:用小标题呈现动物的外观、栖息地、食物、行为等基本信息,再说明其濒危的原因(重点)。
小标题建议(必用,贴合课文示例):
1. Appearance(外观):描述体型、颜色、独特特征(如丹顶鹤的红冠、亚洲象的长鼻子)。
句式:The ________ (动物名称) is ________ (体型) and ________ (颜色). It has ________ (独特特征), which makes it easy to recognize.
2. Home(栖息地):说明其生活的地区、环境(如湿地、森林、草原)。
句式:________ (动物名称) live in ________ (栖息地,如wetlands, forests) of ________ (地区,如China, South East Asia).
3. Why in danger(濒危原因):结合单元重点(栖息地丧失、非法捕猎、污染等)。
句式:Unfortunately, the ________ (动物名称) is in danger now. People are ________ (原因1,如cutting down forests), and some are ________ (原因2,如killing them for their tusks/feathers).
Paragraph 3:Call for action(呼吁行动,结尾升华)
核心内容:表达对该动物的看法,提出保护建议,呼吁人们行动起来,贴合单元"义务与责任"的核心。
句式模板:
① It is important for us to protect the ________ (动物名称), because it is a precious part of our nature.
② We ought to ________ (保护建议1,如protect their habitats), and we should also ________ (保护建议2,如obey the wildlife protection laws).
③ Let's work together to save the ________ (动物名称) and make the world a better home for all animals!
(二)高分词汇/词组积累(替换基础词,提升作文档次)
1. 高分词汇(替换基础词)
beautiful → graceful, lovely, magnificent(优雅的,可爱的,壮丽的)
例句:The red-crowned crane is a graceful bird with white feathers.
important → significant, precious, vital(重要的,珍贵的,至关重要的)
例句:Protecting rare animals is vital for our ecosystem.
save → protect, rescue, preserve(保护,拯救,保护(原状))
例句:We should rescue animals in danger from extinction.
bad → terrible, harmful, destructive(可怕的,有害的,破坏性的)
Cutting down forests is destructive to animal habitats.|
2. 高分词组(写作高频,必背)
1 in danger of dying out 处于灭绝的危险中
2 lose one's habitat 失去栖息地
3 illegal hunting 非法捕猎
4 set up nature reserves 建立自然保护区
5 obey wildlife protection laws 遵守野生动物保护法
6 work together to do sth. 共同努力做某事
7 call on sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事
8 a precious part of nature 自然的珍贵部分
(三)参考范文(可直接背诵仿写)
Our Graceful Friend — the Red-Crowned Crane
Today, I want to introduce an animal in danger — the red-crowned crane. It is one of the rarest crane species in the world and a symbol of luck, long life and loyalty in China.
Appearance: The red-crowned crane is tall and graceful. It has white feathers, a slim neck and a bright red crown on its head, which makes it very special.
Home: It lives in wetlands and forests of China, such as Zhalong and Yancheng nature reserves.
Why in danger: Unfortunately, the red-crowned crane is in danger now. People are destroying its habitat by cutting down trees and polluting wetlands. Some illegal hunters also kill it for its feathers.
It is important for us to protect the red-crowned crane. We ought to protect its habitat and obey the wildlife protection laws. Let's work together to save this graceful bird and make it live without a care in the world!
(四)写作模板(万能模板,适配所有"濒危动物"主题,直接套写)
Our ________ (Adjective: graceful/lovely/magnificent) Friend — the ________ (Animal Name)
Today, I want to introduce an animal in danger — the ________ (Animal Name). It is one of the rarest species in the world and a symbol of ________ (象征,如luck, beauty, strength) in some countries.
Appearance: The ________ (Animal Name) is ________ (Size: tall/small/large) and ________ (Color). It has ________ (Unique Feature), which makes it easy to recognize. It can ________ (Ability, 如fly, swim, run) very well.
Home: It lives in ________ (Habitat: wetlands, forests, grasslands) of ________ (Place: China, South East Asia). These places provide it with enough food and a safe home.
Why in danger: Unfortunately, the ________ (Animal Name) is in danger now. The biggest threat to it is ________ (Threat 1: loss of habitat). Besides, some people ________ (Threat 2: kill it for its tusks/feathers, pollute its home). Its population is decreasing year by year.
It is vital for us to protect the ________ (Animal Name). We should ________ (Protection Suggestion 1: set up more nature reserves) and ________ (Protection Suggestion 2: stop illegal hunting). Let's call on more people to join us and save this precious animal together!
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