专题06 阅读理解之说明文（期末复习）2025-2026学年七年级英语下学期期末复习新教材人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读理解，按家庭生活、天气、校规、健康四大话题系统编排，通过典型短文及多样化题型培养信息提取与综合理解能力，契合语言能力与思维品质发展需求。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |家庭生活|4篇短文|细节理解、词义猜测、主旨归纳|以跨文化家庭活动为载体，构建"现象描述-信息定位-意义概括"逻辑链| |描述天气|4篇短文|细节匹配、推理判断、结构分析|围绕天气与人类活动关系，形成"事实陈述-影响分析-文化差异"认知路径| |校规|4篇短文|规则理解、态度推断、主旨提炼|通过中外校规对比，建立"规则内容-目的意义-文化价值"理解框架| |健康|4篇短文|习惯分析、建议归纳、细节查找|以健康生活方式为核心，串联"问题呈现-原因分析-解决方案"逻辑线索|

专题06 阅读理解之说明文 话题1家庭生活 （一） I’m Shelly, a middle school student from Shanghai, China. Now it’s 10:00 a.m. in my city. I really want to see what people in different countries are doing now. Can you show me? 10:03:50 I’m Sophie in Singapore. It’s 10:03 a.m. I am taking my dog, Max, for a walk in East Coast Park. Many people are doing exercise here. Some are walking or running, and others are playing ping-pong or basketball. On the grass, some families are having picnics (野餐). Everyone here is in high spirits, looking happy and feeling relaxed. 10:05:45 Here is Mack. It’s 13:05 p.m. in Melbourne (墨尔本). After lunch, my family goes to Albert Park Lake. The sun is hot, but it is windy. Many people wear sunglasses. I see some people taking the boat on the lake. And some are feeding fish. 10:05:58 I’m Hank from Chicago, America. Our time is 13 hours slower than (比……慢) Shanghai’s now. It’s our family’s camping day today in Cook County. My father is setting up tents (搭帐篷) and my brother is fishing. The moon is bright and there are lots of stars in the sky. They are high in the sky and look beautiful. My mother is taking pictures of us. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What is Sophie doing now? A．B． C．D． 2．What do the underlined words mean in Chinese? A．忧心忡忡 B．暴跳如雷 C．趾高气扬 D．兴高采烈 3．What time is it in Hank’s city now? A．It’s 10:05 a.m. B．It’s 1:05 p.m. C．It’s 9:05 p.m. D．It’s 10:05 p.m. 4．Who is taking pictures now according to the passage? A．Mack’s mother. B．Hank’s brother. C．Hank’s mother. D．Hank’s father. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce four people and their hobbies. B．To talk about different countries and cultures. C．To give information about interesting activities. D．To talk about what people in different places are doing now. （二） Eating together at home is more important than before. During the day, we are busy working and studying. Even when everyone is home, we often do things alone. The only time we may have to talk with each other is at dinner time. Today, people are so busy that they usually eat alone or eat out together. However, a family needs time to enjoy dinner together at home. The family meal that we cook and eat together brings our family close to each other. When I was young, I never helped prepare for dinner, but when I grew up, I often cooked for my family. The family enjoyed it together, talking about how our day was going and making family plans. ▲ . My mother cooks delicious and healthy (健康的) meals. She doesn’t use convenience food (方便食品). My dad has a garden. We can always have some fresh vegetables and fruit in summer. So if you want to get everyone around the table and have a great meal time, don’t forget to let the family be in shopping and preparing food. These are useful skills (技能) for young children. They will also be happy about themselves if they can prepare for family meals. Eating together at the table is always important for a family. Food is delicious with the people we love. We can stay close to each other, enjoy healthy food and train the skills of cooking. It’s also a great time to learn about family culture. 1．The writer thinks eating together at home is more important because ________. A．it’s a good time to stay close B．we don’t have much money to eat out C．it’s an easy way to cook well D．we don’t have much time to eat out 2．What does the underlined phrase “grew up” mean in Chinese? A．请求 B．劝说 C．长大 D．出现 3．Which can be put in ▲ ? A．Cooking for your family is wonderful B．Eating together at home can be healthy C．Making family plans to eat out is important D．Talking about convenience food can be interesting 4．The underlined word “They” refers to (指代) ________. A．children B．parents C．salesmen D．cooks 5．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To give some ideas on how to prepare family meals. B．To ask children to prepare a nice dinner for their busy parents. C．To help parents know why their children don’t like eating at home. D．To tell people the importance of cooking and eating together at home. （三） Family rules help children learn what is and isn’t OK in the family. Following them can help children learn to follow rules in other places, so it’s not good to make rules too late. Good family rules are easy for children to understand. One day, on the way home from school, my mum told me she planned to make some rules for me, my brothers and sisters. We really didn’t have any rules before, so mum took care of that. On Sunday she started giving us some rules: * Clean your rooms every two days. * Be ready for dinner at 7:00 p.m. That means sitting at the table with clean hands. * If mum is having a meeting in the house, be very quiet. That means turning down (调低) the music and the TV. * Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m. and get up at 7:30 a.m. to get ready for school. * Take out the litter on Monday morning before school. * Clean the bathroom on Friday. Following these rules isn’t too hard, and sometimes it’s even fun. But at other times, it can be tough. For example, if your room is really dirty and you can’t finish (完成) cleaning it on that day, you have to finish it on the next day, and you still have to do something else. That isn’t easy. Mum made these rules because ▲ . She wants us to learn how to be on time, be clean and tidy and be polite. Every day, we try to follow her rules. These rules help make our family warm and happy. I feel lucky to have such a family. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving some examples. B．By giving some reasons (原因). C．By asking some questions. D．By telling some stories. 2．What should the children do according to the rules? ①Clean their rooms every day.    ②Never watch TV again. ③Wash hands before dinner.        ④Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m. A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 3．What does the underlined word “tough” mean? A．Difficult. B．Interesting. C．Exciting. D．Hard-working. 4．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．she wants us to be better people B．she wants us to help with housework C．she wants us to study hard D．she wants us to have a good hobby 5．What does the writer think of the family rules? A．Free. B．Exciting. C．Bad. D．Helpful. （四） At this moment in different places of the world, people are doing different things. In Beijing, it’s midnight. People are sleeping. In London, people are leaving their workplaces to go home. They are waiting for buses or running for trains. Some people are driving their cars. Some are having afternoon tea at home or walking to the pubs (酒馆) to have a drink. In Moscow, it’s evening and people are having dinner at home or in restaurants. Some are going to watch a ballet. In Los Angeles, it’s morning. People are working in their offices. Children are starting their lessons. It is midday in New York now. People aren’t working but having lunch. They are eating hamburgers or hot dogs and drinking coffee or Coke. Some people are seeing friends or shopping. 1．We can learn that at night some people in Moscow like to ______. A．watch a ballet B．go shopping C．drink coffee D．go swimming 2．When people in Beijing are sleeping, people in Los Angeles are ______ according to the passage. A．having supper B．working in their offices C．having afternoon tea D．enjoying family time 3．From the passage, we can see the time in New York now is about ______. A．6:00 B．9:00 C．12:00 D．15:00 4．According to the passage, people in ______ may have a drink in the afternoon. A．London B．Los Angeles C．Moscow D．New York 5．This passage mainly (主要地) talks about ______. A．science B．history C．activities D．art 话题2描述天气 （一） It’s 10th January and it’s winter in Luoyang. Let’s see how the weather is today and what people are doing around the world! Ottawa (Canada) It’s snowy here in Ottawa and the temperature is around -20℃. It’s quite cold, but people aren’t staying at home! Some kids are making snowmen. Others are playing in the snow. It’s fun! London (The UK) It’s wet and rainy here in London. The temperature is 4°C． Are Londoners (伦敦人) walking in the rain? Not really! There are a few people outside now and they’re all holding umbrellas. They like doing this when they’re outside. Sydney (Australia) It’s hot and sunny in Sydney. The temperature is 33°C． People aren’t spending the day inside. They are on the beach! They are enjoying themselves. It’s a lovely day. Buenos Aires (Argentina) It’s cloudy and windy here in Buenos Aires. The temperature is 37°C． It’s hot. What are people doing now? Some people are walking in the park. Many people are swimming in the pool and some children are playing games. 1．How’s the weather in Ottawa on 10th January? A．It’s snowy and cold. B．It’s sunny and hot. C．It’s rainy and cold. D．It’s cloudy and hot. 2．Where are many people swimming in the pool? A．In Ottawa. B．In London. C．In Sydney. D．In Buenos Aires. 3．What do you think Tom is doing outside in London from the text? A．B． C． D． 4．What can we know from the text? A．The children in Ottawa are watching TV at home. B．Londoners like holding bags when they’re outside. C．People in Sydney are spending the day on the beach. D．A few people in Buenos Aires are running in the park. 5．Which big question can the text go with? A．How do we keep fit? B．Why do we need rules? C．What makes a day special? D．How does the weather affect us? （二） Different weather makes people feel different. It affects our health, intelligence (智力) and feelings. In August, it is very hot and wet in the south of the United States. People there have heart problems and other kinds of health problems in this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People there have more heart problems after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also affect intelligence. For example, the wind can help people have more intelligence. However, very hot weather can make it drop. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse (更差的) on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August). Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They may feel cold or unhappy during these months. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. They even don’t like to do outdoor activities. Low air pressure (低气压) may make people forgetful (健忘的). People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low­pressure days. People feel better at a temperature of about 18℃. Are you feeling sad, tired or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 1．What kind of weather can cause problems on health according to the passage? A．Dry weather. B．Warm weather. C．Hot and wet weather. D．A strong wind. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A．The health. B．The intelligence. C．The pressure. D．The feeling. 3．How may low air pressure make people feel? A．Sad. B．Forgetful. C．Angry. D．Hungry. 4．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To ask us to study on cool days. B．To tell us about different weather. C．To show how weather can affect us. D．To let us know the importance of weather. 5．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． （三） Many people go to Australia for holidays. People often ask what the weather is like in Australia. The answer is that it changes a lot! Why? Because Australia is a large country. The weather in different parts of the country is different. The northern parts of Australia are warm to hot all year round because it is close to the equator (赤道). In the north, summer is also the rainy season. The areas along the coast (海岸) around Sydney are warm in winter, with the temperatures about 10℃ to 16℃. In summer, the temperature is about 26℃. However, if you think all parts of the country are warm all year round, you’ll be inaccurate. Some parts in Australia are very cold during winter. When we say cold, we don’t mean that cold like the winter in Harbin. In fact, many people do not know that there are ski resorts (滑雪胜地) in the mountains of Australia. Anyway, Australia is a good place to visit. You can enjoy everything there. If you want to go there for a visit, all you should think about is the weather there. 1．Why does the weather in Australia change a lot? A．Because the areas along the coast are different in Australia. B．Because Australia is a very large country. C．Because the seasons are different in Australia. D．Because the temperature is different in Australia. 2．How is the weather in the northern parts of Australia? A．Cold to warm. B．Cool to cold. C．Hot to cool. D．Warm to hot. 3．What does the underlined word “inaccurate” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Excellent. D．Unhappy. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Holidays in Australia. B．Famous Places in Australia. C．Four Seasons in Australia. D．The Weather in Different Parts of Australia. （四） The weather on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) changes a lot in this season. You can experience the “four seasons” in just one day. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is in the west of China. It’s very high. Although it’s summer, the temperature is not high in the morning before the sun comes out. So people feel cool. Around seven or eight o’clock, the weather becomes warm, just like in spring. At noon, the temperature is very high and the weather is hot. People have the feeling of summer. The sunlight shines brightly. It even makes you want to wear a pair of sunglasses. However, it rains sometimes. If someone brings an umbrella, they will feel very lucky. In the afternoon, the temperature drops quickly, especially (尤其) after the sun goes down. The cool feeling makes people think autumn is coming. They have to put on warm clothes. At night, the weather gets cold, just like in winter. People go to bed early. They hardly ever go out when they have nothing important to do. 1．Where is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau? A．In the west of China. B．In the east of China. C．In the south of China. D．In the north of China. 2．How do people feel in the morning before the sun comes out? A．Hot. B．Cool. C．Warm. D．Cold. 3．What do people need at noon on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau? A．A warm coat. B．Water. C．Sunglasses. D．A hat. 4．What happens in the afternoon when the temperature drops? A．People go swimming. B．It starts to snow. C．People take off their clothes. D．People wear warm clothes. 5．What can we know from the text? A．People have to change their clothes in a day. B．People often carry umbrellas with them. C．It’s very cold both in the morning and evening. D．The sun goes down very late in the afternoon. 话题3校规 （一） Hello, everyone! Welcome to our school. Now let me tell you some of our school rules. First, we must get to school on time. We can’t be late for class. Second, we should keep our school clean and tidy. We can’t throw rubbish everywhere. Third, we have to be polite to our teachers and classmates. We should respect the old and care for the young. Fourth, we can’t run or fight in the hallway. It’s not safe. Fifth, we mustn’t eat or drink in the classroom. We can eat in the dining hall. All the rules are good for us. They help us study well and stay safe. We should follow them. 1．The passage talks about ________ rules. A．family B．school C．traffic D．library 2．We can’t ________ in the classroom. A．read books B．listen to the teacher C．eat or drink D．study hard 3．We should keep our school ________. A．dirty B．noisy C．clean D．small 4．We can eat ________. A．in the classroom B．in the hallway    C．in the library D．in the dining hall 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．We can be late for class. B．We can run in the hallway. C．We should be polite to others. D．We can throw rubbish everywhere. （二） Rules help us live and work safely. At school, rules help students become better people. All students must wear uniforms because it builds school spirit. Students must not be late for class. Being on time shows respect for the class and teacher. Students can’t use phones in class because students need to focus on learning. Students must be polite and be kind to each other. After class, students should not run in the hallway. Running too fast can cause accidents. Last month, our teachers stopped the rule “no chasing in the hallway.” Many students were not careful and got hurt. ▲ . Some students think rules are not good. They don’t like following rules. But most students understand rules are important. Over half of students feel safer with rules. Teachers say classrooms are quieter if everyone follows the rules. Rules are not walls. Rules can help students to become better people. If everyone follows rules, we can make a safer and better school. 1．Why must students wear uniforms? A．To build school spirit. B．To make students happy. C．To make students special. D．To show they are rich and fashionable. 2．Why should students not run in the hallway after class? A．Because it makes teachers angry. B．Because it can cause accidents. C．Because they can’t use phones. D．Because they must wear uniforms. 3．What does the word “chasing” mean in the passage? A．Playing. B．Searching. C．Helping. D．Running. 4．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”? A．This shows rules keep us safe. B．Students play happily in the hallway. C．Everyone was safe without rules. D．Teachers like to remove the rule. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Rules make life boring and crazy. B．Teachers should make fewer rules. C．Rules help build a safer and better school. D．Teachers should show the importance of rules. （三） School rules are different all around the world. They show what each place thinks is important for students to do. In some countries like the US and Europe, rules are about being respectful, kind, and fair to everyone. They also talk about things like what to wear, coming to school on time, and being honest in your work. In places like Asia, following rules and listening to teachers is very important. Students often have rules about wearing uniforms, looking neat (整洁的), and showing respect to elders, which teaches them responsibility (责任) and teamwork. In Africa and Latin America, school rules mix old cultures with new ideas. They talk about respecting older people, taking care of the environment (环境), and being friendly to everyone. In some African schools, there are rules about saving water and keeping the school clean. Although school rules may be different, their aim is to keep students safe, honest, and ready to learn. Whether it’s about being kind to others, working hard, or taking care of the environment, school rules teach important lessons that help students grow into responsible and caring people. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What are school rules about in the US and Europe? A．Following strict dress rules. B．Going to classes on time. C．Following teachers’ words. D．Being respectful, kind, and fair to everyone. 2．In some African schools, there is a rule about ________. A．saving water B．helping animals C．caring for the old D．teaching small kids 3．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 3? A．By using sayings. B．By creating a map. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving examples. 4．What does the underlined word “aim” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Action. B．Goal. C．Show. D．Dream. 5．Why are school rules important according to the passage? A．To give teachers more responsibility. B．To make students feel strict and unhappy. C．To teach students about different cultures. D．To keep students safe, honest, and ready to learn. （四） Hi, everyone. I’m Nancy. I think school rules are helpful for students. They help keep us safe and make the school a good place to learn. Let’s look at some rules in my school and why they are important. First, one of the most important rules is to listen to the teachers. When the teachers are talking, we should be quiet and listen to them. It helps us learn new things well. If we talk while the teachers speak, we may miss (错过) important information. Second, we should be nice to our classmates. It means using nice words and being friendly. For example, if a classmate feels unhappy or left out (被忽视), we can ask him to join us. When we play together, we should share and take turns. Being nice makes everyone feel happy and helps us make more friends. Another rule is to raise our hands when we want to speak in class. It not only helps a teacher know who wants to talk but also helps everyone have a chance (机会) to share their ideas. We also have rules about being on time. When we come to school on time, we will not miss anything important. It also helps us start the day in a good way. 1．From Paragraph 1, we learn Nancy thinks ________. A．school rules are important B．school rules are interesting C．students need more help D．students need more school rules 2．Who does Nancy think students should listen to in Paragraph 2? A．Their parents. B．Their friends. C．The doctors. D．The teachers. 3．How does Nancy show students should be nice to their classmates? A．She tells stories. B．She uses examples. C．She asks questions. D．She shows pictures. 4．In which paragraph can we find information about speaking in class? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 5．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2…) A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①②/③④⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 话题4健康 （一） A healthy eating habit, going with enough exercise, can help you keep healthy. When you are young, it is important to give your body what it needs. If you skip meals, you can’t get enough calories (卡路里). And then you may feel tired. By the way, the calorie is just another word for energy. About 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day. Drinking enough water can make your body work better and make you healthy. Exercise can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Scientists say that kids should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week. It is easy to do! You can walk or ride your bike to school, and play sports at school. However, kids seldom do sports, saying they have no time left after finishing their homework. In fact, doing exercise can help them sleep better and do better in their lessons. If you follow the advice above, you will look and feel much better and become healthier. 1．What does the underlined word “skip” mean? A．Eat well. B．Don’t eat anything. C．Stop doing something. D．Cook meals. 2．How often should kids exercise according to scientists? A．Every day. B．Once a week. C．Three times a week. D．Five times a week. 3．Why don’t many kids do sports according to the passage? A．Because they think it’s too difficult. B．Because they think it’s not good for their studies. C．Because they are busy with their studies. D．Because they don’t like playing sports at all. 4．What is the best title (标题) for the text? A．How to Eat Well B．How to Exercise C．How to Study Well D．How to Keep Healthy （二） It is 10 o’clock in the morning. Are you feeling tired after having some classes? If your answer is yes, doing exercise can help you relax. There are many kinds of exercise. You can play basketball, soccer, or other ball games. It is always fun to play with friends. You can also run, swim, or just go for a walk. They are good for your body, too. It is good for you to play sports for 20 to 30 minutes a day. If you can’t do that, you can exercise three days a week. When you exercise, your body will get more energy. It can make you look great. Also, exercise can make you feel happy all day. When you exercise, your body will get more exciting feelings. They can make you love exercising. It is important for you to exercise. So please spend some of your time doing exercise after class. 1．The writer thinks ________ is good for your body. A．swimming B．singing C．drawing D．writing 2．Which of the following doesn’t the writer mention (提到)? A．Doing exercise can make people relax. B．There are many kinds of exercise. C．You don’t need to do exercise after school. D．Exercise can make you feel happy. 3．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Playing soccer is bad for your body. B．It is important for you to exercise. C．Students don’t have time to have classes. D．You can play with your friends on weekends. （三） Doing sports is really important for us. It can make us strong and healthy. Different students have different habits when it comes to doing sports. Some students exercise every day. They run in the morning or play basketball after school. Running helps them build up their leg strength, and playing basketball makes them taller and trains their coordination (身体协调性). For example, my classmate Tom runs for half an hour every morning. He says it makes him feel full of energy during the day. Some students exercise three or four times a week. They might go swimming on weekends or play football on Wednesdays and Fridays. Swimming is a great way to work out the whole body, and football is exciting and helps with teamwork. Lucy often goes swimming on Saturdays. She loves the feeling of being in the water and says it relaxes her. However, there are also some students who rarely (很少地) do sports. They spend most of their time on study or watching TV. This isn’t a good habit. Without enough exercise, they may get tired easily and are more likely to get sick. As for me, I exercise five times a week. I like playing badminton with my friends. It’s fun and makes me happy. Also, I feel more focused (专心的) on my studies after doing sports. No matter how often you do sports, the key is to keep doing it. Let’s all make exercise a part of our lives and enjoy a healthy and happy life! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why is doing sports important for us? A．It makes us tired and sleepy. B．It helps us become strong and healthy. C．It makes us eat less food. D．It stops us from making friends. 2．How often does Tom run? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Every day. D．Three times a month. 3．What does Lucy like to do on Saturdays? A．Play badminton with friends. B．Watch movies at home. C．Go swimming. D．Read books in the library. 4．What bad habit do some students have? A．They rarely do sports and focus too much on study or TV. B．They do sports every day without rest. C．They do sports for too long each time. D．They only do sports in the morning. 5．In the writer’s opinion (观点), what is the key to getting benefits (好处) from exercise? A．Doing very difficult sports. B．Doing exercise alone all the time. C．Choosing expensive sports equipment. D．Keeping doing exercise regularly. （四） How healthy are you? Before answering this question, think about what you ate today first. Did you have chips or fried noodles? If you did, did you eat them more than once a week? If the answers to both questions are “yes”, you need to stop and think about what to eat. Eating healthy food is one of the most important ways to keep fit. Some people also like to eat fast food because it is delicious. But if you eat too much fast food, you may become fat and even get ill (生病). How much sleep did you get last night? Teenagers need at least (至少) 9 hours’ sleep every night. Worrying about (担忧) your studies often means that you may not sleep well, so you should try not to worry about your studies too much. How much exercise do you take every day? You should exercise at least 30 minutes every day, such as playing basketball, swimming, running and so on. I think if you eat well, get enough sleep and exercise, you will be healthy. 1．Why can’t we eat too much fast food according to (依据) the text? A．Because fast food is not fresh. B．Because fast food is not delicious. C．Because fast food is too expensive. D．Because fast food may make us put on weight and even get ill. 2．What should we do if we want to keep fit according to the text? A．We should eat chips every day. B．We should sleep 7 hours every day. C．We should exercise at least 30 minutes every day. D．We should worry about our studies too much. 3．In which part of the magazine (杂志) can we read the text? A．Animals. B．Health. C．Plants. D．People. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读理解之说明文 话题1家庭生活 （一） I’m Shelly, a middle school student from Shanghai, China. Now it’s 10:00 a.m. in my city. I really want to see what people in different countries are doing now. Can you show me? 10:03:50 I’m Sophie in Singapore. It’s 10:03 a.m. I am taking my dog, Max, for a walk in East Coast Park. Many people are doing exercise here. Some are walking or running, and others are playing ping-pong or basketball. On the grass, some families are having picnics (野餐). Everyone here is in high spirits, looking happy and feeling relaxed. 10:05:45 Here is Mack. It’s 13:05 p.m. in Melbourne (墨尔本). After lunch, my family goes to Albert Park Lake. The sun is hot, but it is windy. Many people wear sunglasses. I see some people taking the boat on the lake. And some are feeding fish. 10:05:58 I’m Hank from Chicago, America. Our time is 13 hours slower than (比……慢) Shanghai’s now. It’s our family’s camping day today in Cook County. My father is setting up tents (搭帐篷) and my brother is fishing. The moon is bright and there are lots of stars in the sky. They are high in the sky and look beautiful. My mother is taking pictures of us. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What is Sophie doing now? A．B． C．D． 2．What do the underlined words mean in Chinese? A．忧心忡忡 B．暴跳如雷 C．趾高气扬 D．兴高采烈 3．What time is it in Hank’s city now? A．It’s 10:05 a.m. B．It’s 1:05 p.m. C．It’s 9:05 p.m. D．It’s 10:05 p.m. 4．Who is taking pictures now according to the passage? A．Mack’s mother. B．Hank’s brother. C．Hank’s mother. D．Hank’s father. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce four people and their hobbies. B．To talk about different countries and cultures. C．To give information about interesting activities. D．To talk about what people in different places are doing now. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文通过四位不同国家的人的描述，介绍了他们现在正在做的事情，并通过时间和地点展示各地不同的活动场景。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“I’m Sophie in Singapore. It’s 10:03 a.m. I am taking my dog, Max, for a walk in East Coast Park.”可知，Sophie正在遛狗。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据上下文“Everyone here is...looking happy and feeling relaxed.”可知，大家都很放松和开心，所以“in high spirits”意思是“兴高采烈”。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“I’m Hank from Chicago, America. Our time is 13 hours slower than Shanghai’s now.”和“I’m Shelly, a middle school student from Shanghai, China. Now it’s 10:00 a.m. in my city.”可知现在是上海10点多，芝加哥的时间应为晚上9点多。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“I’m Hank from Chicago,...My mother is taking pictures of us.”可知，现在正在拍照的是Hank的妈妈。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。整篇文章通过不同人的描述，讲的是不同地方的人“现在”正在做的事情。故选D。 （二） Eating together at home is more important than before. During the day, we are busy working and studying. Even when everyone is home, we often do things alone. The only time we may have to talk with each other is at dinner time. Today, people are so busy that they usually eat alone or eat out together. However, a family needs time to enjoy dinner together at home. The family meal that we cook and eat together brings our family close to each other. When I was young, I never helped prepare for dinner, but when I grew up, I often cooked for my family. The family enjoyed it together, talking about how our day was going and making family plans. ▲ . My mother cooks delicious and healthy (健康的) meals. She doesn’t use convenience food (方便食品). My dad has a garden. We can always have some fresh vegetables and fruit in summer. So if you want to get everyone around the table and have a great meal time, don’t forget to let the family be in shopping and preparing food. These are useful skills (技能) for young children. They will also be happy about themselves if they can prepare for family meals. Eating together at the table is always important for a family. Food is delicious with the people we love. We can stay close to each other, enjoy healthy food and train the skills of cooking. It’s also a great time to learn about family culture. 1．The writer thinks eating together at home is more important because ________. A．it’s a good time to stay close B．we don’t have much money to eat out C．it’s an easy way to cook well D．we don’t have much time to eat out 2．What does the underlined phrase “grew up” mean in Chinese? A．请求 B．劝说 C．长大 D．出现 3．Which can be put in ▲ ? A．Cooking for your family is wonderful B．Eating together at home can be healthy C．Making family plans to eat out is important D．Talking about convenience food can be interesting 4．The underlined word “They” refers to (指代) ________. A．children B．parents C．salesmen D．cooks 5．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To give some ideas on how to prepare family meals. B．To ask children to prepare a nice dinner for their busy parents. C．To help parents know why their children don’t like eating at home. D．To tell people the importance of cooking and eating together at home. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了在家一起吃饭比以往任何时候都更重要，因为我们的注意力被更多的事情占据。我们白天忙于工作和学习，即使每个人都在家，我们也经常独自做事。我们唯一有机会互相交流的时间就是晚餐时间。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Eating together at home is more important than before. During the day, we are busy working and studying. Even when everyone is home, we often do things alone. The only time we may have to talk with each other is at dinner time.”和第二段“The family meal that we cook and eat together brings our family close to each other.”可知，作者认为家庭共餐更重要的原因是家人关系变得亲近的好时间。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“When I was young, I never helped prepare for dinner, but”和“I often cooked for my family.”可知，作者小时候不帮忙做饭，但是长大后给家人做饭。所以， grew up意为“长大”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“My mother cooks delicious and healthy meals.She doesn’t use convenience food.”可知，本段应该介绍了家庭饭菜是很健康的。结合选项B“Eating together at home can be healthy”符合语境。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段“These are useful skills for young children. They will also be happy about themselves if they can prepare for family meals.”可知，“They”（他们）指代“young children”（年轻孩子）。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Eating together at home is more important than before.”及通读全文可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了告诉读者家庭成员一起准备和享用晚餐的重要性。故选D。 （三） Family rules help children learn what is and isn’t OK in the family. Following them can help children learn to follow rules in other places, so it’s not good to make rules too late. Good family rules are easy for children to understand. One day, on the way home from school, my mum told me she planned to make some rules for me, my brothers and sisters. We really didn’t have any rules before, so mum took care of that. On Sunday she started giving us some rules: * Clean your rooms every two days. * Be ready for dinner at 7:00 p.m. That means sitting at the table with clean hands. * If mum is having a meeting in the house, be very quiet. That means turning down (调低) the music and the TV. * Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m. and get up at 7:30 a.m. to get ready for school. * Take out the litter on Monday morning before school. * Clean the bathroom on Friday. Following these rules isn’t too hard, and sometimes it’s even fun. But at other times, it can be tough. For example, if your room is really dirty and you can’t finish (完成) cleaning it on that day, you have to finish it on the next day, and you still have to do something else. That isn’t easy. Mum made these rules because ▲ . She wants us to learn how to be on time, be clean and tidy and be polite. Every day, we try to follow her rules. These rules help make our family warm and happy. I feel lucky to have such a family. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving some examples. B．By giving some reasons (原因). C．By asking some questions. D．By telling some stories. 2．What should the children do according to the rules? ①Clean their rooms every day.    ②Never watch TV again. ③Wash hands before dinner.        ④Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m. A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 3．What does the underlined word “tough” mean? A．Difficult. B．Interesting. C．Exciting. D．Hard-working. 4．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．she wants us to be better people B．she wants us to help with housework C．she wants us to study hard D．she wants us to have a good hobby 5．What does the writer think of the family rules? A．Free. B．Exciting. C．Bad. D．Helpful. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文记述了作者的母亲制定家规的过程及其对孩子学习守时、整洁和有礼貌的重要性，以及遵守规则带来的家庭温暖与快乐。 1．推理判断题。根据“Family rules help children learn what is and isn’t OK in the family. Following them can help children learn to follow rules in other places, so it’s not good to make rules too late.”可知，文章开头阐述了家庭规则对孩子的好处，也就是制定家庭规则的原因。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“On Sunday she started giving us some rules:”后的前四条家规可知，每两天打扫一次房间，而不是每天打扫，排除①；晚上7点前要洗完手坐在餐桌前，即晚饭前要洗手，③表述正确；妈妈在家开会的时候，孩子们要调低音乐和电视，而不是再也不看电视了，排除②；晚上9点半前要准备上床睡觉，④表述正确。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Following these rules isn’t too hard, and sometimes it’s even fun. But at other times, it can be tough.”可知，前一句表示“遵守规则不难，有时还很有趣”，But表示转折，说明其他时候遵守规则可能“困难”。tough与difficult同义，都表示“困难的”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Mum made these rules because ▲ . She wants us to learn how to be on time, be clean and tidy and be polite.”可知，本空应该填写妈妈制定家规的原因，后一句表示“她想要我们学会如何守时、整洁和有礼貌”，即她想我们变成更好的人。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“These rules help make our family warm and happy. ”可知，作者认为这些家规帮助家庭温暖而快乐，即这些家规很有帮助。故选D。 （四） At this moment in different places of the world, people are doing different things. In Beijing, it’s midnight. People are sleeping. In London, people are leaving their workplaces to go home. They are waiting for buses or running for trains. Some people are driving their cars. Some are having afternoon tea at home or walking to the pubs (酒馆) to have a drink. In Moscow, it’s evening and people are having dinner at home or in restaurants. Some are going to watch a ballet. In Los Angeles, it’s morning. People are working in their offices. Children are starting their lessons. It is midday in New York now. People aren’t working but having lunch. They are eating hamburgers or hot dogs and drinking coffee or Coke. Some people are seeing friends or shopping. 1．We can learn that at night some people in Moscow like to ______. A．watch a ballet B．go shopping C．drink coffee D．go swimming 2．When people in Beijing are sleeping, people in Los Angeles are ______ according to the passage. A．having supper B．working in their offices C．having afternoon tea D．enjoying family time 3．From the passage, we can see the time in New York now is about ______. A．6:00 B．9:00 C．12:00 D．15:00 4．According to the passage, people in ______ may have a drink in the afternoon. A．London B．Los Angeles C．Moscow D．New York 5．This passage mainly (主要地) talks about ______. A．science B．history C．activities D．art 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【解析】本文以同一时刻不同时区为背景，介绍北京、伦敦、莫斯科、洛杉矶、纽约五座城市人们正在进行的各类日常活动。 1．文章第4段“In Moscow, it’s evening and people are having dinner at home or in restaurants. Some are going to watch a ballet.”表明在莫斯科，有些人晚上要去看芭蕾舞。 2．文章第2段“In Beijing, it’s midnight. People are sleeping.”与第5段“In Los Angeles, it’s morning. People are working in their offices.”表明当北京人在睡觉时，洛杉矶人正在办公室工作。 3．文章最后一段“It is midday in New York now.”，midday意为“正午”，对应的时间是12:00。 4．文章第3段“Some are having afternoon tea at home or walking to the pubs (酒馆) to have a drink.”表明伦敦人下午可能会喝东西。 5．文章第一句“At this moment in different places of the world, people are doing different things.”统领全文，随后列举了各地人们的具体活动。因此文章主要谈论的是人们的活动（activities）。 话题2描述天气 （一） It’s 10th January and it’s winter in Luoyang. Let’s see how the weather is today and what people are doing around the world! Ottawa (Canada) It’s snowy here in Ottawa and the temperature is around -20℃. It’s quite cold, but people aren’t staying at home! Some kids are making snowmen. Others are playing in the snow. It’s fun! London (The UK) It’s wet and rainy here in London. The temperature is 4°C． Are Londoners (伦敦人) walking in the rain? Not really! There are a few people outside now and they’re all holding umbrellas. They like doing this when they’re outside. Sydney (Australia) It’s hot and sunny in Sydney. The temperature is 33°C． People aren’t spending the day inside. They are on the beach! They are enjoying themselves. It’s a lovely day. Buenos Aires (Argentina) It’s cloudy and windy here in Buenos Aires. The temperature is 37°C． It’s hot. What are people doing now? Some people are walking in the park. Many people are swimming in the pool and some children are playing games. 1．How’s the weather in Ottawa on 10th January? A．It’s snowy and cold. B．It’s sunny and hot. C．It’s rainy and cold. D．It’s cloudy and hot. 2．Where are many people swimming in the pool? A．In Ottawa. B．In London. C．In Sydney. D．In Buenos Aires. 3．What do you think Tom is doing outside in London from the text? A．B． C． D． 4．What can we know from the text? A．The children in Ottawa are watching TV at home. B．Londoners like holding bags when they’re outside. C．People in Sydney are spending the day on the beach. D．A few people in Buenos Aires are running in the park. 5．Which big question can the text go with? A．How do we keep fit? B．Why do we need rules? C．What makes a day special? D．How does the weather affect us? 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了1月10日洛阳冬季时，渥太华、伦敦、悉尼和布宜诺斯艾利斯四个城市的天气及当地人们的活动。 1．根据表格第一行中“It’s snowy here in Ottawa and the temperature is around -20℃. It’s quite cold”可知，渥太华一月份天气多雪且寒冷。 2．根据表格最后一行中“Many people are swimming in the pool”可知，布宜诺斯艾利斯有很多人去游泳池游泳。 3．根据表格第二行中“There are a few people outside now and they’re all holding umbrellas. They like doing this when they’re outside.”可知，伦敦的汤姆在户外可能在撑伞。 4．根据表格第三行中“They are on the beach!”可知，悉尼的人们在海滩上度过一天。 5．通读全文可知，文章分别介绍了渥太华、伦敦、悉尼和布宜诺斯艾利斯的天气以及当地人们的活动，体现了天气对人们的影响。 （二） Different weather makes people feel different. It affects our health, intelligence (智力) and feelings. In August, it is very hot and wet in the south of the United States. People there have heart problems and other kinds of health problems in this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People there have more heart problems after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also affect intelligence. For example, the wind can help people have more intelligence. However, very hot weather can make it drop. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse (更差的) on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August). Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They may feel cold or unhappy during these months. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. They even don’t like to do outdoor activities. Low air pressure (低气压) may make people forgetful (健忘的). People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low­pressure days. People feel better at a temperature of about 18℃. Are you feeling sad, tired or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 1．What kind of weather can cause problems on health according to the passage? A．Dry weather. B．Warm weather. C．Hot and wet weather. D．A strong wind. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A．The health. B．The intelligence. C．The pressure. D．The feeling. 3．How may low air pressure make people feel? A．Sad. B．Forgetful. C．Angry. D．Hungry. 4．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To ask us to study on cool days. B．To tell us about different weather. C．To show how weather can affect us. D．To let us know the importance of weather. 5．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了不同天气对人的健康、智力和情绪产生的影响，并通过具体例子说明了高温潮湿、起风、低气压等天气条件如何影响人们的身体和心理状态。 1．第二段中的句子“In August, it is very hot and wet in the south of the United States. People there have heart problems and other kinds of health problems in this month.”指出，炎热潮湿的天气会导致健康问题。 2．第三段主要讨论天气对智力的影响。前句提到“very hot weather can make it drop”，其中的it指代前文提到的intelligence，即炎热天气会使人智力下降。 3．第五段第一句“Low air pressure may make people forgetful.”指出，低气压会使人健忘。 4．文章第一段总述天气对人的健康、智力和情绪有影响，随后分别从这三方面举例说明，最后一段进行总结。因此作者写作目的是展示天气如何影响我们。 5．文章结构为：第一段总说天气影响人的健康、智力和情绪（总）；第二、三、四、五段分别从健康、智力、情绪和低气压等方面具体说明（分）；最后一段反问天气是否影响读者心情，呼应开头（总结）。因此结构为总—分—总，对应选项结构图（通常为：①第一段，②③④⑤中间段落，⑥最后一段）。 （三） Many people go to Australia for holidays. People often ask what the weather is like in Australia. The answer is that it changes a lot! Why? Because Australia is a large country. The weather in different parts of the country is different. The northern parts of Australia are warm to hot all year round because it is close to the equator (赤道). In the north, summer is also the rainy season. The areas along the coast (海岸) around Sydney are warm in winter, with the temperatures about 10℃ to 16℃. In summer, the temperature is about 26℃. However, if you think all parts of the country are warm all year round, you’ll be inaccurate. Some parts in Australia are very cold during winter. When we say cold, we don’t mean that cold like the winter in Harbin. In fact, many people do not know that there are ski resorts (滑雪胜地) in the mountains of Australia. Anyway, Australia is a good place to visit. You can enjoy everything there. If you want to go there for a visit, all you should think about is the weather there. 1．Why does the weather in Australia change a lot? A．Because the areas along the coast are different in Australia. B．Because Australia is a very large country. C．Because the seasons are different in Australia. D．Because the temperature is different in Australia. 2．How is the weather in the northern parts of Australia? A．Cold to warm. B．Cool to cold. C．Hot to cool. D．Warm to hot. 3．What does the underlined word “inaccurate” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Excellent. D．Unhappy. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Holidays in Australia. B．Famous Places in Australia. C．Four Seasons in Australia. D．The Weather in Different Parts of Australia. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚不同地区的天气。 1．根据第一段“The answer is that it changes a lot! Why? Because Australia is a large country.”，澳大利亚的天气变化很大的原因是因为澳大利亚是一个非常大的国家。 2．根据第二段“The northern parts of Australia are warm to hot all year round because it is close to the equator (赤道).”，‌澳大利亚北部地区全年温暖至炎热。 3．根据第四段“However, if you think all parts of the country are warm all year round, you’ll be inaccurate. Some parts in Australia are very cold during winter.”，澳大利亚的一些地区冬天很冷，所以如果你认为这个国家的所有地区全年都很温暖，那你就错了，划线部分的含义是“有错误的”。 4．通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二、三、四段分别介绍澳大利亚不同地区的天气；第五段是总结。 5．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了澳大利亚不同地区的天气，因此“澳大利亚不同地区的天气”是最合适的标题。 （四） The weather on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) changes a lot in this season. You can experience the “four seasons” in just one day. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is in the west of China. It’s very high. Although it’s summer, the temperature is not high in the morning before the sun comes out. So people feel cool. Around seven or eight o’clock, the weather becomes warm, just like in spring. At noon, the temperature is very high and the weather is hot. People have the feeling of summer. The sunlight shines brightly. It even makes you want to wear a pair of sunglasses. However, it rains sometimes. If someone brings an umbrella, they will feel very lucky. In the afternoon, the temperature drops quickly, especially (尤其) after the sun goes down. The cool feeling makes people think autumn is coming. They have to put on warm clothes. At night, the weather gets cold, just like in winter. People go to bed early. They hardly ever go out when they have nothing important to do. 1．Where is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau? A．In the west of China. B．In the east of China. C．In the south of China. D．In the north of China. 2．How do people feel in the morning before the sun comes out? A．Hot. B．Cool. C．Warm. D．Cold. 3．What do people need at noon on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau? A．A warm coat. B．Water. C．Sunglasses. D．A hat. 4．What happens in the afternoon when the temperature drops? A．People go swimming. B．It starts to snow. C．People take off their clothes. D．People wear warm clothes. 5．What can we know from the text? A．People have to change their clothes in a day. B．People often carry umbrellas with them. C．It’s very cold both in the morning and evening. D．The sun goes down very late in the afternoon. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青藏高原在这个季节里天气变化大，一天中能体验“四季”的特点，分别阐述了早晨、中午、下午和夜晚不同的天气状况及人们的感受。 1．文章第二段明确提到“The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is in the west of China.”，直接表明青藏高原在中国的西部。 2．文章第二段指出“Although it’s summer, the temperature is not high in the morning before the sun comes out. So people feel cool.”，说明在太阳出来前的早晨人们感觉凉爽。 3．文章第三段提到“At noon, the temperature is very high...It even makes you want to wear a pair of sunglasses.”，说明中午时人们可能需要太阳镜。 4．文章第四段表明“In the afternoon, the temperature drops quickly...They have to put on warm clothes.”，即下午温度下降时人们要穿上暖和的衣服。 5．文章整体描述了青藏高原一天中不同时段天气变化大，早晨凉爽、中午炎热、下午变凉、夜晚寒冷，由此可推断人们一天中得换衣服，A选项正确。 话题3校规 （一） Hello, everyone! Welcome to our school. Now let me tell you some of our school rules. First, we must get to school on time. We can’t be late for class. Second, we should keep our school clean and tidy. We can’t throw rubbish everywhere. Third, we have to be polite to our teachers and classmates. We should respect the old and care for the young. Fourth, we can’t run or fight in the hallway. It’s not safe. Fifth, we mustn’t eat or drink in the classroom. We can eat in the dining hall. All the rules are good for us. They help us study well and stay safe. We should follow them. 1．The passage talks about ________ rules. A．family B．school C．traffic D．library 2．We can’t ________ in the classroom. A．read books B．listen to the teacher C．eat or drink D．study hard 3．We should keep our school ________. A．dirty B．noisy C．clean D．small 4．We can eat ________. A．in the classroom B．in the hallway    C．in the library D．in the dining hall 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．We can be late for class. B．We can run in the hallway. C．We should be polite to others. D．We can throw rubbish everywhere. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．C 【解析】本文介绍了五条校园规章制度，并点明遵守校规有益于学生学习与安全，我们应当遵守校规。 1．第一段指出：“Now let me tell you some of our school rules.”，表明文章围绕校规展开。 2．第二段指出：“Fifth, we mustn’t eat or drink in the classroom.”，明确禁止在教室内吃喝。 3．第二段指出：“Second, we should keep our school clean and tidy.”，要求保持校园整洁。 4．第二段指出：“We can eat in the dining hall.”，说明就餐地点为食堂。 5．第二段指出：“Third, we have to be polite to our teachers and classmates.”，证明需要礼貌待人。 （二） Rules help us live and work safely. At school, rules help students become better people. All students must wear uniforms because it builds school spirit. Students must not be late for class. Being on time shows respect for the class and teacher. Students can’t use phones in class because students need to focus on learning. Students must be polite and be kind to each other. After class, students should not run in the hallway. Running too fast can cause accidents. Last month, our teachers stopped the rule “no chasing in the hallway.” Many students were not careful and got hurt. ▲ . Some students think rules are not good. They don’t like following rules. But most students understand rules are important. Over half of students feel safer with rules. Teachers say classrooms are quieter if everyone follows the rules. Rules are not walls. Rules can help students to become better people. If everyone follows rules, we can make a safer and better school. 1．Why must students wear uniforms? A．To build school spirit. B．To make students happy. C．To make students special. D．To show they are rich and fashionable. 2．Why should students not run in the hallway after class? A．Because it makes teachers angry. B．Because it can cause accidents. C．Because they can’t use phones. D．Because they must wear uniforms. 3．What does the word “chasing” mean in the passage? A．Playing. B．Searching. C．Helping. D．Running. 4．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”? A．This shows rules keep us safe. B．Students play happily in the hallway. C．Everyone was safe without rules. D．Teachers like to remove the rule. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Rules make life boring and crazy. B．Teachers should make fewer rules. C．Rules help build a safer and better school. D．Teachers should show the importance of rules. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述了学校规则的重要性，说明规则能帮助学生变得更好，并能营造一个更安全、更美好的校园环境。 1．细节理解题。根据“All students must wear uniforms because it builds school spirit.”可知，学生必须穿校服是为了培养学校精神。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“After class, students should not run in the hallway. Running too fast can cause accidents.”可知，课后学生不应该在走廊里跑是因为跑得太快会导致事故。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Last month, our teachers stopped the rule ‘no chasing in the hallway.’ Many students were not careful and got hurt.”可知，老师停止了“禁止在走廊里追逐”的规定后，很多学生不小心受伤了，由此可推测“chasing”意为“追逐”，与“Running”意思相近。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Last month, our teachers stopped the rule ‘no chasing in the hallway.’ Many students were not careful and got hurt.”可知，停止“禁止追逐”的规定后学生受伤了，这表明规则能保护我们的安全。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Rules help us live and work safely. At school, rules help students become better people.”以及“If everyone follows rules, we can make a safer and better school.”可知，文章主要讲述规则有助于建立一个更安全、更好的学校。故选C。 （三） School rules are different all around the world. They show what each place thinks is important for students to do. In some countries like the US and Europe, rules are about being respectful, kind, and fair to everyone. They also talk about things like what to wear, coming to school on time, and being honest in your work. In places like Asia, following rules and listening to teachers is very important. Students often have rules about wearing uniforms, looking neat (整洁的), and showing respect to elders, which teaches them responsibility (责任) and teamwork. In Africa and Latin America, school rules mix old cultures with new ideas. They talk about respecting older people, taking care of the environment (环境), and being friendly to everyone. In some African schools, there are rules about saving water and keeping the school clean. Although school rules may be different, their aim is to keep students safe, honest, and ready to learn. Whether it’s about being kind to others, working hard, or taking care of the environment, school rules teach important lessons that help students grow into responsible and caring people. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What are school rules about in the US and Europe? A．Following strict dress rules. B．Going to classes on time. C．Following teachers’ words. D．Being respectful, kind, and fair to everyone. 2．In some African schools, there is a rule about ________. A．saving water B．helping animals C．caring for the old D．teaching small kids 3．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 3? A．By using sayings. B．By creating a map. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving examples. 4．What does the underlined word “aim” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Action. B．Goal. C．Show. D．Dream. 5．Why are school rules important according to the passage? A．To give teachers more responsibility. B．To make students feel strict and unhappy. C．To teach students about different cultures. D．To keep students safe, honest, and ready to learn. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界各地不同的校规及其目的，强调了校规在培养学生成为负责任和有爱心的人方面的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“In some countries like the US and Europe, rules are about being respectful, kind, and fair to everyone.”可知，美国和欧洲的校规是关于尊重、友善和对每个人公平。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“In some African schools, there are rules about saving water and keeping the school clean.”可知，一些非洲学校有关于节约用水的规定。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In some African schools, there are rules about saving water and keeping the school clean.”可知，作者通过举例子来展开第三段的观点。故选D。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Although school rules may be different, their aim is to keep students safe, honest, and ready to learn.”可知，“aim”在这里指的是目标，即校规的目标是保证学生安全、诚实并做好学习准备。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“Although school rules may be different, their aim is to keep students safe, honest, and ready to learn.”可知，校规的重要性在于保证学生安全、诚实并做好学习准备。故选D。      （四） Hi, everyone. I’m Nancy. I think school rules are helpful for students. They help keep us safe and make the school a good place to learn. Let’s look at some rules in my school and why they are important. First, one of the most important rules is to listen to the teachers. When the teachers are talking, we should be quiet and listen to them. It helps us learn new things well. If we talk while the teachers speak, we may miss (错过) important information. Second, we should be nice to our classmates. It means using nice words and being friendly. For example, if a classmate feels unhappy or left out (被忽视), we can ask him to join us. When we play together, we should share and take turns. Being nice makes everyone feel happy and helps us make more friends. Another rule is to raise our hands when we want to speak in class. It not only helps a teacher know who wants to talk but also helps everyone have a chance (机会) to share their ideas. We also have rules about being on time. When we come to school on time, we will not miss anything important. It also helps us start the day in a good way. 1．From Paragraph 1, we learn Nancy thinks ________. A．school rules are important B．school rules are interesting C．students need more help D．students need more school rules 2．Who does Nancy think students should listen to in Paragraph 2? A．Their parents. B．Their friends. C．The doctors. D．The teachers. 3．How does Nancy show students should be nice to their classmates? A．She tells stories. B．She uses examples. C．She asks questions. D．She shows pictures. 4．In which paragraph can we find information about speaking in class? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 5．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2…) A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①②/③④⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了Nancy对学校规则的看法以及她所在学校的一些重要规则。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I think school rules are helpful for students. They help keep us safe and make the school a good place to learn.”可知，南希认为校规很重要。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“First, one of the most important rules is to listen to the teachers.”可知，南希认为学生应该听老师的。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, if a classmate feels unhappy or left out, we can ask him to join us.”可知，南希通过举例子说明学生应该对同学友好。“uses examples”对应“举例子”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“Another rule is to raise our hands when we want to speak in class.”可知，关于课堂发言的信息在第四段。故选C。 5． 篇章结构题。第一段总述校规对学生有帮助，第二、三、四、五段分别阐述不同的校规内容，所以结构是①/②③④⑤。故选A。 话题4健康 （一） A healthy eating habit, going with enough exercise, can help you keep healthy. When you are young, it is important to give your body what it needs. If you skip meals, you can’t get enough calories (卡路里). And then you may feel tired. By the way, the calorie is just another word for energy. About 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day. Drinking enough water can make your body work better and make you healthy. Exercise can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Scientists say that kids should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week. It is easy to do! You can walk or ride your bike to school, and play sports at school. However, kids seldom do sports, saying they have no time left after finishing their homework. In fact, doing exercise can help them sleep better and do better in their lessons. If you follow the advice above, you will look and feel much better and become healthier. 1．What does the underlined word “skip” mean? A．Eat well. B．Don’t eat anything. C．Stop doing something. D．Cook meals. 2．How often should kids exercise according to scientists? A．Every day. B．Once a week. C．Three times a week. D．Five times a week. 3．Why don’t many kids do sports according to the passage? A．Because they think it’s too difficult. B．Because they think it’s not good for their studies. C．Because they are busy with their studies. D．Because they don’t like playing sports at all. 4．What is the best title (标题) for the text? A．How to Eat Well B．How to Exercise C．How to Study Well D．How to Keep Healthy 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健康的饮食习惯和规律锻炼对保持身体健康的重要性，并给出了相关建议。 1．根据第二段语境“If you skip meals, you can’t get enough calories. And then you may feel tired.”如果你不吃饭菜，你就无法获得足够的卡路里，然后你会感到疲倦。可知，只有“不吃饭菜”才会导致无法获得卡路里。选项B，“Don’t eat anything”不吃任何东西，符合语境。 2．根据第三段“Scientists say that kids should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week.”科学家说孩子们应该每天至少锻炼 30 分钟，每周五次。可知，锻炼频率为每周五次。 3．根据第三段“However, kids seldom do sports, saying they have no time left after finishing their homework.”然而，孩子们很少做运动，说做完作业后没有时间了。可知，原因是忙于学业。 4．文章第一段开篇点题“A healthy eating habit, going with enough exercise, can help you keep healthy.”健康的饮食习惯加上足够的运动可以帮助你保持健康，全文围绕饮食、运动与健康的关系展开，选项 D，“How to Keep healthy”最能概括全文主旨。 （二） It is 10 o’clock in the morning. Are you feeling tired after having some classes? If your answer is yes, doing exercise can help you relax. There are many kinds of exercise. You can play basketball, soccer, or other ball games. It is always fun to play with friends. You can also run, swim, or just go for a walk. They are good for your body, too. It is good for you to play sports for 20 to 30 minutes a day. If you can’t do that, you can exercise three days a week. When you exercise, your body will get more energy. It can make you look great. Also, exercise can make you feel happy all day. When you exercise, your body will get more exciting feelings. They can make you love exercising. It is important for you to exercise. So please spend some of your time doing exercise after class. 1．The writer thinks ________ is good for your body. A．swimming B．singing C．drawing D．writing 2．Which of the following doesn’t the writer mention (提到)? A．Doing exercise can make people relax. B．There are many kinds of exercise. C．You don’t need to do exercise after school. D．Exercise can make you feel happy. 3．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Playing soccer is bad for your body. B．It is important for you to exercise. C．Students don’t have time to have classes. D．You can play with your friends on weekends. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了运动的多种好处，并推荐了不同的运动方式和频率，强调课后运动对学生来说非常重要。 1．根据文章第二段“You can also run, swim, or just go for a walk. They are good for your body, too.”可知，作者认为游泳是对身体有益的运动方式，故选A。 2．第一段提到“doing exercise can help you relax”（对应A项）；第二段提到“There are many kinds of exercise”（对应B项）；第四段提到“exercise can make you feel happy all day”（对应D项）。C项“你不需要课后锻炼”是作者未提及的观点。 3．本文主要介绍了运动的种类、好处（放松、健康、快乐），并在最后一段总结强调“It is important for you to exercise.”，因此文章主旨是强调运动的重要性，故选B。 （三） Doing sports is really important for us. It can make us strong and healthy. Different students have different habits when it comes to doing sports. Some students exercise every day. They run in the morning or play basketball after school. Running helps them build up their leg strength, and playing basketball makes them taller and trains their coordination (身体协调性). For example, my classmate Tom runs for half an hour every morning. He says it makes him feel full of energy during the day. Some students exercise three or four times a week. They might go swimming on weekends or play football on Wednesdays and Fridays. Swimming is a great way to work out the whole body, and football is exciting and helps with teamwork. Lucy often goes swimming on Saturdays. She loves the feeling of being in the water and says it relaxes her. However, there are also some students who rarely (很少地) do sports. They spend most of their time on study or watching TV. This isn’t a good habit. Without enough exercise, they may get tired easily and are more likely to get sick. As for me, I exercise five times a week. I like playing badminton with my friends. It’s fun and makes me happy. Also, I feel more focused (专心的) on my studies after doing sports. No matter how often you do sports, the key is to keep doing it. Let’s all make exercise a part of our lives and enjoy a healthy and happy life! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why is doing sports important for us? A．It makes us tired and sleepy. B．It helps us become strong and healthy. C．It makes us eat less food. D．It stops us from making friends. 2．How often does Tom run? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Every day. D．Three times a month. 3．What does Lucy like to do on Saturdays? A．Play badminton with friends. B．Watch movies at home. C．Go swimming. D．Read books in the library. 4．What bad habit do some students have? A．They rarely do sports and focus too much on study or TV. B．They do sports every day without rest. C．They do sports for too long each time. D．They only do sports in the morning. 5．In the writer’s opinion (观点), what is the key to getting benefits (好处) from exercise? A．Doing very difficult sports. B．Doing exercise alone all the time. C．Choosing expensive sports equipment. D．Keeping doing exercise regularly. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同学生进行体育锻炼的不同习惯和频率，阐述了运动对身心健康的重要性，并呼吁大家将运动融入生活，保持健康快乐的生活方式。 1．根据第一段“It can make us strong and healthy.”可知，运动能帮助我们变得强壮和健康。 2．根据第二段“my classmate Tom runs for half an hour every morning.”可知，汤姆跑步的频率是每天。 3．根据第三段“Lucy often goes swimming on Saturdays.”可知，露西周六喜欢去游泳。 4．根据第四段“However, there are also some students who rarely do sports. They spend most of their time on study or watching TV.”可知，有些学生的坏习惯是很少运动且过于关注学习或电视。 5．根据最后一段“No matter how often you do sports, the key is to keep doing it.”可知，从运动中获益的关键是坚持规律锻炼。 （四） How healthy are you? Before answering this question, think about what you ate today first. Did you have chips or fried noodles? If you did, did you eat them more than once a week? If the answers to both questions are “yes”, you need to stop and think about what to eat. Eating healthy food is one of the most important ways to keep fit. Some people also like to eat fast food because it is delicious. But if you eat too much fast food, you may become fat and even get ill (生病). How much sleep did you get last night? Teenagers need at least (至少) 9 hours’ sleep every night. Worrying about (担忧) your studies often means that you may not sleep well, so you should try not to worry about your studies too much. How much exercise do you take every day? You should exercise at least 30 minutes every day, such as playing basketball, swimming, running and so on. I think if you eat well, get enough sleep and exercise, you will be healthy. 1．Why can’t we eat too much fast food according to (依据) the text? A．Because fast food is not fresh. B．Because fast food is not delicious. C．Because fast food is too expensive. D．Because fast food may make us put on weight and even get ill. 2．What should we do if we want to keep fit according to the text? A．We should eat chips every day. B．We should sleep 7 hours every day. C．We should exercise at least 30 minutes every day. D．We should worry about our studies too much. 3．In which part of the magazine (杂志) can we read the text? A．Animals. B．Health. C．Plants. D．People. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 【解析】这篇短文主要围绕青少年如何保持健康展开，从饮食、睡眠、运动三个核心方面给出了建议：提醒大家少吃垃圾食品和快餐，保证充足睡眠，每天坚持锻炼，并指出只要做到这三点，就能保持健康。 1．根据第一段最后一句“But if you eat too much fast food, you may become fat and even get ill.”可知，吃太多快餐的危害是导致发胖和生病。 2．根据第三段“You should exercise at least 30 minutes every day…”可知C选项正确。A项文中建议少吃薯片；B项文中指出青少年每晚至少需要9小时睡眠；D项文中建议不要过度担忧学业。 3．文章通篇围绕饮食、睡眠、运动如何保持健康展开，标题也是“How healthy are you?”，主题明确指向健康生活方式，因此最可能出现在杂志的“健康（Health）”板块。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $