暑假作业05 祈使句（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材外研版

**基本信息** 以定义-结构-考点为逻辑主线，系统梳理祈使句肯定/否定形式及易错点，通过典型例题强化语言应用与思维分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |定义与结构|1个核心定义|提炼"无主语、动词原形开头"本质特征|从功能定义切入，建立语法概念认知| |肯定祈使句|3类结构+8例句|Do型/Be型/Let型结构公式化，区分Let's与Let us用法|按动词类型分层，由基础到特殊用法递进| |否定祈使句|4类否定+10例句|Don't+动词原形/Be原形、Let型双重否定、No+doing标识法|在肯定结构基础上逆向推导否定规则| |重要考点|5个核心考点|总结反意疑问句差异、否定不丢be动词等易错点|聚焦中考高频错误，形成考点预警机制| |单项选择|16题|选项对比法（如No doing与Don't do辨析）|覆盖各类结构应用，强化语境判断能力| |完成句子|14题|句型转换三步法（原句分析-结构匹配-否定转换）|从语法规则到语言输出，提升表达准确性|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业05 祈使句 一、定义 祈使句用来表达命令、请求、建议、劝告、警告、禁止等语气。主语通常是第二人称 you，习惯省略主语；句末常用句号，语气强用感叹号。 二、肯定祈使句（三种结构） 1. Do型（行为动词原形开头） 结构：动词原形 + 其他 例句： · Stand up. 起立。 · Listen carefully. 认真听。 · Enjoy your time! 玩得开心！ 礼貌：可加 please（句首或句末，句末常用逗号隔开） · Sit down, please. = Please sit down. 2. Be型（Be动词原形开头） 结构：Be + 形容词/名词 例句： · Be quiet! 安静！ · Be careful! 小心！ · Be a good student. 做个好学生。 3. Let型（建议/让某人做） 结构：Let + 宾语（宾格） + 动词原形 例句： · Let me help you. 让我帮你。 · Let's go. 咱们走吧。（= Let us，包含听话人） · Let him try. 让他试试。 易错： · Let us：不包含听话人，“请你让我们……” · Let's：包含听话人，“咱们一起……” 三、否定祈使句（必考） 1. Do型 / Be型 否定 结构：Don't + 动词原形 / Be原形 + 其他 例句： · Don't run in the hallways. 别在走廊跑。 · Don't be late. 别迟到。 · Don't talk in class. 上课别说话。 2. Let型 否定（两种） · Don't let sb. do sth. Don't let him go. 别让他走。 · Let sb. not do sth. Let him not go. 别让他走。 3. 特殊：No + 名词 / doing（禁止标识） · No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ · No photos! 禁止拍照！ 四、重要考点 1. 无主语，动词原形开头； 2. let后接宾格：let me/us/him/her/them do； 3. Let's 反意疑问句：Let's do..., shall we? 4. Let us 反意疑问句：Let us do..., will you? 5. 否定绝不丢be：Don't be late（× Don't late） 一、单项选择 1．—The floor is wet. ________ slowly, please. —OK, I’ll be careful. A．To walk B．Walk C．Walks D．Walking 2．—Look at the sign, “________ swimming!” —So it must be dangerous to swim here. A．Don’t B．Not C．Not be D．No 3．—I don’t know how to balance study and fun. —Don’t worry! ________ too much time on computer games. A．Not spend B．Don’t spend C．Not spending D．No spend 4．________ your brother ________ computer games all day. It’s bad for his eyes. A．Don’t let; play B．Let; play C．Let’s; not play D．Let; don’t play 5．______ speaking English if you want to improve. ________ the English club is a useful way. A．Practise; Join B．Practising; Join C．Practising; Joining D．Practise; Joining 6．Please ________ quiet in the library. Your classmates are reading. A．is B．are C．be D．to be 7．________ slowly, Tony! There’s a school over there! A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 8．_________ in the library. It’s a place for reading. A．Not talk B．Not talking C．Doesn’t talk D．Don’t talk 9．—Sam, ________ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerous. —Sorry, Ms. Black. A．don’t B．not C．doesn’t D．no 10．—Jack, ________ play music here. We are talking on the phone now. —Sorry mom. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．doesn’t D．don’t 11．Let’s ________ a walk after dinner. It’s relaxing. A．take B．to take C．taking D．took 12．________ plenty of water every day, and you’ll notice the difference in your skin. A．Drinks B．Drinking C．To drink D．Drink 13．Peter, ________ run in the hallway. It’s very dangerous. A．can’t B．don’t C．mustn’t D．not be 14．________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes. A．Not to read B．Don’t to read C．Don’t read D．Not read 15．—________ late for school again, Tim!    —Sorry, I ________ be late again. A．Don’t; won’t B．Don’t be; won’t C．Don’t be; don’t D．Don’t; will 16．________ play soccer on the street. It’s too dangerous. A．Please B．Can’t C．Don’t D．Let’s 二、完成句子 17．You mustn’t push others on the subway. (改为祈使句)   ________ ________ others on the subway. 18．Help the elderly in your community. (改为否定祈使句) ________ ________ the elderly in your community. 19．You should not speak loudly in the museum. (改为祈使句)   ________ ________ loudly in the museum. 20．You shouldn’t eat too much junk food. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ too much junk food. 21．Cut up the vegetables and chicken, please. ______ ______ ______ the vegetables and chicken. (改为否定句) ______ the vegetables and chicken ______ ______. (改为同义句) 22．State something about your writing. （改为否定句） ________ ________ ________ about your writing. 23．You mustn’t use your phone in class. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ your phone in class! 24．Pass the ball to Jill. (改为否定句) ________ ________ the ball to Jill. 25．Wash the clothes. (改为否定句) ________ wash the clothes! 26．Pull Robin out of the mud. (改为否定句) ________ ________ Robin out of the mud. 27．Leave the house, Alice. (改为否定句) ________ ________ the house, Alice. 28．The sign means we can’t park here.(改为同义句) The sign means “________ ________ here.” 29．Don’t have food and don’t have drinks here.（保持原句意思不变） ________ food ________ drinks here. 30．No food or drinks in the library. (保持句意不变) Don’t ________ or ________ in the library. 一、完形填空 阅读文章，掌握大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was a sunny day in autumn. It was just a school day for most students, 1 for our class football team, the Brave Eagles, it was an important day. On this day, our school would decide which was the best team of the school year. The match began. Both teams played well. There were only five minutes 2 the end of the match, and the score was still 0-0. It was hard to score in such a short time. What’s worse, one of the star players suddenly fell to the 3 because the ball hit his face. And for a moment, everyone held 4 breath. But he didn’t cry or give up. He wiped away his tears and continued 5 . His courage touched everyone on the team. And then there came a great chance! The players passed the ball around 6 . The star player ran with the ball towards the goal and … SCOOOOOORE!!!!!!! The Brave Eagles 7 ! The Brave Eagles won the game not just because of good luck. They are always 8 . Even when they meet difficulties, they keep trying and 9 themselves. And their teamwork is also the key 10 their success. As one player said, “We’re in this together. We win as a team and lose as a team.” 1．A．and B．but C．so D．or 2．A．if B．when C．after D．before 3．A．team B．score C．ground D．goal 4．A．his B．her C．their D．our 5．A．running B．playing C．crying D．shouting 6．A．slowly B．quietly C．quickly D．happily 7．A．failed B．lost C．beat D．won 8．A．positive B．negative C．nervous D．sad 9．A．wait for B．believe in C．look at D．work with 10．A．in B．by C．to D．for 二、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Last Friday was our school’s Sports Day. The playground was full 1 balloons and flowers. And the weather 2 fine. Everyone was happy. There were many 3 activities on that day. For example, we all wanted 4 the 100-metre running race. Those 5 were so fast. My friends took part in the race, too. They didn’t win, 6 they tried their best to run fast and enjoyed themselves. We saw a moving scene when my friend Jack 7 to run. He fell down and got hurt. To 8 surprise, he didn’t cry but kept running. It was 9 unusual memory. I joined in the swimming game. I was a little nervous at first. But when I heard my friends calling my name, I swam faster and 10 won first place. Sports Day isn’t just about winning. It’s about finding the happiness with friends. 1．A．of B．for C．with 2．A．is B．was C．were 3．A．excite B．exciting C．excited 4．A．watch B．watching C．to watch 5．A．runners B．runner C．runner’s 6．A．but B．and C．because 7．A．start B．started C．will start 8．A．we B．us C．our 9．A．a B．an C．the 10．A．success B．successful C．successfully 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 In ancient times, children didn’t have smart phones, iPads or computers to play with. To do away 1 bad feelings and have fun, they created some interesting games. During the Qing Dynasty, kicking stone balls was 2 popular activity in the north of China. People made stones into small balls 3 kicked them with their feet. They often played this game 4 (keep) warm in winter. Hide-and-seek was another popular game. There were two 5 (way) to play it. In the first way, one child closed his eyes and tried to find the others 6 they ran around. In the 7 (two) way, one child looked for the others after they did. The children all enjoyed 8 (they) playing this game. In the past, watching shadow plays was similar to 9 (watch) movies or TV today. Artists moved puppets(木偶) behind a screen and 10 (tell) stories at the same time. During the Qing Dynasty, shadow plays became very popular and people could see them at important events. 四、选词填空 选择单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 clean  he  quiet  happy  because  animal   walk  well  with  study  other  of    It’s three o’clock now. Some students of Class Six are on the playground. They are doing sport now. Look! Jim and 1 friends are playing basketball. They play it very 2 . Cindy and Mike are taking a(n) 3 . They like walking 4 they think it is good exercise. They are having a good time on the playground.   The 5 students are in the classroom. What are they doing now? Look! Mary and Bob are 6 the classroom. Frank is tired. He is sleeping at the desk. Emma is not good at math. So she is 7 math. Tom is always a kind and helpful boy. He is helping Emma 8 her math. Alice is reading books. She likes reading very much. Jack is drawing pandas. They are his favourite 9 .   The students are all 10 because tomorrow is Saturday. And they don’t need to go to school. 五、阅读理解 A Shanghai has made new rules for PE classes in primary and secondary schools. Let’s see what changes are coming for students! First, students must exercise for 2 hours every day, and most of this exercise will be at school. They need to sweat (出汗) a lot during PE classes. It would be great if they can still wear ▲ even in winter to stay active. Schools will also give students sports bracelets (手环). These bracelets can make PE classes more effective and help keep students safe. Besides, every student will learn at least two sports skills, like playing basketball or skipping rope. To make sports more fun, schools will hold monthly “sports days.” On these days, students can do outdoor activities in the sun. Schools can even invite parents and community members to join in their sports events. At last, new schools will improve their sports equipment (设施). Existing (现存的) schools will use their space better—for example, some will build “sky courts (空中球场)” on the rooftops. In this way, all students can enjoy playing sports and stay healthy at school. 1．Which can be put in “ ▲ ” in paragraph 2? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined word “effective” probably mean in paragraph 3? A．useful B．useless C．tired D．quiet 3．What can we learn about “sports days” from the passage? ①They are held every month. ②Only students can take part in the events. ③Students can do outdoor activities. ④Parents and community members are welcome to take part in the events. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．What will existing schools do to make better use of their space? A．Build new playgrounds. B．Build “sky courts”. C．Buy more sports equipment. D．Open sports classes to parents. 5．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To tell students to study harder. B．To ask people to build more schools. C．To introduce new PE rules in Shanghai. D．To show how to play basketball. B Hongqi School Sports Day! A day of fun and exercise! This year, we have some new sports and games for you! You can choose to join in: Sign up (报名) for the following lectures (讲座): Sports lectures are run by the best coaches(教练). They will teach you more about the sports and how to do them. There are only a few places(座位) for each lecture. Sign up early to get your favorite one! Time: 9:00 a.m.-4:30 p.m., Friday Place: the Students’ Sports Centre Call Mr Li at 293-742. 1．You can join in ________ on the Sports Day if you are interested in sports. A． B． C． D． 2．What do we know about the lectures? A．They are run by the best coaches. B．They are on Thursday. C．There are five lectures in all. D．There are many places for each lecture. 3．How long will the Sports Day last? A．7 hours. B．7.5 hours. C．8 hours. D．8.5 hours. 4．Who may read the passage? A．Teachers. B．Doctors. C．Parents. D．Students. 5．Where is the passage from? A．A science club. B．A travel book C．A school notice. D．A shopping page. Sunshine Middle School will have a sports meeting two weeks later. The sports meeting is good to help students keep fit and active. It is also good to build school spirit. There are many events (项目) in the sports meeting . The basketball game is exciting and full of energy. It is usually played as 5-on-5 matches in the sports meeting. It can help to build team spirit. In the long jump event, students need to jump from a line without crossing it. The long jump can show students’ progress each time. In the running event, students try to run as fast as possible. It can shape body and mind. To ensure safety (保证安全), students need to follow some rules. Firstly, we must arrive at specific spot (具体位置) on time. Secondly, we have to wear school sports uniforms and running shoes. Thirdly, we must tell our teacher if we are absent from the meeting. On the sports day, everyone should works hard to win, but the most important thing is to have fun and try our best! 1 2 3 4 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业05 祈使句 一、定义 祈使句用来表达命令、请求、建议、劝告、警告、禁止等语气。主语通常是第二人称 you，习惯省略主语；句末常用句号，语气强用感叹号。 二、肯定祈使句（三种结构） 1. Do型（行为动词原形开头） 结构：动词原形 + 其他 例句： · Stand up. 起立。 · Listen carefully. 认真听。 · Enjoy your time! 玩得开心！ 礼貌：可加 please（句首或句末，句末常用逗号隔开） · Sit down, please. = Please sit down. 2. Be型（Be动词原形开头） 结构：Be + 形容词/名词 例句： · Be quiet! 安静！ · Be careful! 小心！ · Be a good student. 做个好学生。 3. Let型（建议/让某人做） 结构：Let + 宾语（宾格） + 动词原形 例句： · Let me help you. 让我帮你。 · Let's go. 咱们走吧。（= Let us，包含听话人） · Let him try. 让他试试。 易错： · Let us：不包含听话人，“请你让我们……” · Let's：包含听话人，“咱们一起……” 三、否定祈使句（必考） 1. Do型 / Be型 否定 结构：Don't + 动词原形 / Be原形 + 其他 例句： · Don't run in the hallways. 别在走廊跑。 · Don't be late. 别迟到。 · Don't talk in class. 上课别说话。 2. Let型 否定（两种） · Don't let sb. do sth. Don't let him go. 别让他走。 · Let sb. not do sth. Let him not go. 别让他走。 3. 特殊：No + 名词 / doing（禁止标识） · No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ · No photos! 禁止拍照！ 四、重要考点 1. 无主语，动词原形开头； 2. let后接宾格：let me/us/him/her/them do； 3. Let's 反意疑问句：Let's do..., shall we? 4. Let us 反意疑问句：Let us do..., will you? 5. 否定绝不丢be：Don't be late（× Don't late） 一、单项选择 1．—The floor is wet. ________ slowly, please. —OK, I’ll be careful. A．To walk B．Walk C．Walks D．Walking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——地面是湿的。请慢点走。——好的，我会小心的。 根据“The floor is wet...slowly, please.”可知，此处是提醒对方小心地面湿滑，应用祈使句，祈使句以动词原形开头。应填Walk。 2．—Look at the sign, “________ swimming!” —So it must be dangerous to swim here. A．Don’t B．Not C．Not be D．No 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看这个标志，“禁止游泳！”——所以在这里游泳一定很危险。 Don’t 不要；Not 不；Not be 不是；No 没有/禁止。根据“...swimming!”和“So it must be dangerous to swim here.”可知，很危险，说明是“禁止游泳”，常用结构为“No + 动名词/名词”，swimming 为动名词，故用No。Don’t后需接动词原形 swim，排除A。 3．—I don’t know how to balance study and fun. —Don’t worry! ________ too much time on computer games. A．Not spend B．Don’t spend C．Not spending D．No spend 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不知道如何平衡学习和娱乐。——别担心！不要在电脑游戏上花费太多时间。 Not spend不花费；Don’t spend不要花费；Not spending不花费；No spend无此用法。根据祈使句否定用法以及语境安慰劝告可知，此处需要用祈使句否定形式表劝告，应填Don’t spend。 4．________ your brother ________ computer games all day. It’s bad for his eyes. A．Don’t let; play B．Let; play C．Let’s; not play D．Let; don’t play 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要让你的哥哥整天玩电脑游戏。这对他的眼睛有害。 根据后句“It’s bad for his eyes.”可知，此处建议不要让他玩游戏。祈使句否定形式以Don’t开头；let sb. do sth.为固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”，后接动词原形，应填Don’t let；play。 5．______ speaking English if you want to improve. ________ the English club is a useful way. A．Practise; Join B．Practising; Join C．Practising; Joining D．Practise; Joining 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你想提高，练习说英语。加入英语俱乐部是一个有用的方法。 Practise练习；Practising练习（动名词）；Join加入；Joining加入（动名词）。第一空为祈使句，句首用动词原形Practise（句子首字母大写）；第二空在句中作主语，需用动名词Joining（句子首字母大写）。 6．Please ________ quiet in the library. Your classmates are reading. A．is B．are C．be D．to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请在图书馆里保持安静。你的同学们正在看书。 根据“Please”可知，此处为祈使句，Please后接动词原形，be quiet表示“保持安静”，be符合语境。 7．________ slowly, Tony! There’s a school over there! A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：托尼，慢慢开车！那边有一所学校！ 根据“... slowly, Tony!”可知，此处是祈使句，表示命令或建议，应以动词原形开头。 8．_________ in the library. It’s a place for reading. A．Not talk B．Not talking C．Doesn’t talk D．Don’t talk 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在图书馆里不要说话。这是一个阅读的地方。 祈使句用于表达命令、请求或建议，其否定形式通常在句首加Don’t，后接动词原形。根据后句“这是一个阅读的地方”可知，此处表示禁止喧哗，应用Don’t talk。 9．—Sam, ________ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerous. —Sorry, Ms. Black. A．don’t B．not C．doesn’t D．no 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——山姆，不要在走廊里跑。非常危险。——对不起，布莱克女士。   don’t（用于祈使句否定式，后接动词原形）请不要；not不（不单独用于祈使句）；doesn’t（第三人称单数否定助动词）；no不（用于禁止性标语，不接动词）。祈使句的否定结构为“Don’t + 动词原形”，don’t符合语境。 10．—Jack, ________ play music here. We are talking on the phone now. —Sorry mom. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．doesn’t D．don’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克，不要在这里放音乐。我们现在在打电话。——对不起，妈妈。   can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；doesn’t不（用于第三人称单数的否定助动词）；don’t不要。根据“We are talking on the phone now.”可知，此处是祈使句的否定形式，表示要求对方不要做某事，don’t符合语境。 11．Let’s ________ a walk after dinner. It’s relaxing. A．take B．to take C．taking D．took 【答案】A 【详解】句意：晚饭后我们去散步吧。很放松。 根据“Let’s”可知，let’s是let us的缩写，后接动词原形表示建议，应填take。 12．________ plenty of water every day, and you’ll notice the difference in your skin. A．Drinks B．Drinking C．To drink D．Drink 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每天喝大量的水，你会发现你的皮肤有所改善。 根据“and you’ll notice...”可知，此处是“祈使句+and+陈述句” 的固定句型，祈使句需要以动词原形开头，因此应选Drink。 13．Peter, ________ run in the hallway. It’s very dangerous. A．can’t B．don’t C．mustn’t D．not be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：彼得，不要在走廊里跑。这很危险。 can’t不能；don’t不要；mustn’t禁止；not be不是。祈使句的否定形式是在动词原形前加don’t。根据“It’s very dangerous.”可知是劝阻Peter不要跑。故选B。 14．________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes. A．Not to read B．Don’t to read C．Don’t read D．Not read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要在床上看书。这对你的眼睛不好。 考查祈使句。根据后文“It’s bad for your eyes.”可知，空格所在句是建议不要在床上看书。祈使句的否定形式在句首加Don’t，后跟动词原形。故选C。 15．—________ late for school again, Tim!    —Sorry, I ________ be late again. A．Don’t; won’t B．Don’t be; won’t C．Don’t be; don’t D．Don’t; will 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——蒂姆，不要再上学迟到了。——对不起，我不会再迟到了。 考查否定祈使句。否定祈使句结构为“Don’t + 动词原形”，be late for“迟到”；根据“Sorry, I…be late again.”可知此处是指将来的否定，需用“won’t”。故选B。 16．________ play soccer on the street. It’s too dangerous. A．Please B．Can’t C．Don’t D．Let’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要在大街上踢足球。这太危险了。 考查祈使句。Please请；Can’t不可能；Don’t 不要；Let’s让我们。根据“It’s too dangerous.”可知，这太危险了，因此不要这要做，用祈使句的否定形式don’t+动词原形，故选C。 二、完成句子 17．You mustn’t push others on the subway. (改为祈使句)   ________ ________ others on the subway. 【答案】 Don’t push 【详解】句意：在地铁上你不许推别人。原句表达禁止含义，祈使句的否定形式为“Don’t+动词原形”，用来直接发出禁止的命令。因此用Don’t开头，后接动词原形push。 18．Help the elderly in your community. (改为否定祈使句) ________ ________ the elderly in your community. 【答案】 Don’t help 【详解】句意：帮助社区里的老人。原句是肯定祈使句，以动词原形“Help”开头。改为否定祈使句时，应在句首加“Don’t”，后接动词原形“help”。注意句首首字母要大写。 19．You should not speak loudly in the museum. (改为祈使句)   ________ ________ loudly in the museum. 【答案】 Don’t speak 【详解】句意：你不应该在博物馆大声说话。祈使句通常用来表示命令、请求、建议、警告等。将“You should not speak loudly in the museum.”改为祈使句，就是把原句中表示建议或要求的“should not”（不应该），换成祈使句中表否定的“Don't”（不要），后面接动词原形speak，此处依次填“Don’t”，“speak”。 20．You shouldn’t eat too much junk food. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ too much junk food. 【答案】 Don’t eat 【详解】句意：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。祈使句的否定形式是在句首加Don’t，后面接动词原形eat。 21．Cut up the vegetables and chicken, please. ______ ______ ______ the vegetables and chicken. (改为否定句) ______ the vegetables and chicken ______ ______. (改为同义句) 【答案】 Don’t cut up Cut into pieces 【详解】句意：请把蔬菜和鸡肉切碎。原句“Cut up the vegetables and chicken, please.”是一个祈使句。改为否定句时，我们需要在句首加上“Don’t”，表示“不要做某事”，同时保持原句中的动词短语“cut up”和宾语“the vegetables and chicken”不变；改为同义句时，“cut...into pieces”是一个常用的表达，意思是“把……切成碎片”，与原句的意思相同，并且也要以动词原形开头为祈使句。因此，同义句为“Cut the vegetables and chicken into pieces.”。故填Don’t；cut；up；Cut；into；pieces。 22．State something about your writing. （改为否定句） ________ ________ ________ about your writing. 【答案】 Don’t state anything 【详解】句意：陈述一些关于你的写作的事。这是一个祈使句的肯定句，改否定句直接在动词state前，加助动词don’t，something改为anything，其他保持不变，故填Don’t；state；anything。 23．You mustn’t use your phone in class. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ your phone in class! 【答案】 Don’t use 【详解】句意：你不能在课堂上使用手机。改为祈使句，即“课堂上不能使用手机”，用结构“Don’t+动词原形”。故填Don’t；use。 24．Pass the ball to Jill. (改为否定句) ________ ________ the ball to Jill. 【答案】 Don’t pass 【详解】句意：把球传给Jill。原句为祈使句，祈使句的否定形式是在实义动词原形前加Don’t，实义动词原形恢复成小写，故填Don’t；pass。 25．Wash the clothes. (改为否定句) ________ wash the clothes! 【答案】Don’t 【详解】句意：洗衣服。在祈使句中，要将其改为否定句，通常在句首加上“Don’t”，表示“不要做某事”。故填Don’t。 26．Pull Robin out of the mud. (改为否定句) ________ ________ Robin out of the mud. 【答案】 Don’t pull 【详解】句意：将罗宾从泥里拉出来。此句是祈使句，变为否定句，需要用结构：Don’t+动词原形。故填Don’t；pull。 27．Leave the house, Alice. (改为否定句) ________ ________ the house, Alice. 【答案】 Don’t leave 【详解】句意：离开这房子，爱丽丝。原句为祈使句的肯定形式，且以动词原形开头，变成否定句时，直接在句首加Don’t，其他保持不变。故填Don’t；leave。 28．The sign means we can’t park here.(改为同义句) The sign means “________ ________ here.” 【答案】 No parking 【详解】句意：这个标志意味着“此处禁止停车”。原句“we can’t park here”表示“我们不能在这里停车”，同义句可用直接引语形式表达标志上的文字，常用“No parking here”。故第一个空填No，第二个空填parking。注意首字母大写，且符合标志用语习惯。 29．Don’t have food and don’t have drinks here.（保持原句意思不变） ________ food ________ drinks here. 【答案】 No or 【详解】句意：不要在这里吃东西，也不要在这里喝饮料。原句是两个否定祈使句，“no + 名词”表示“禁止……”，在否定句中连接并列成分用“or”，合并为“No food or drinks here.”。故填No；or。 30．No food or drinks in the library. (保持句意不变) Don’t ________ or ________ in the library. 【答案】 eat drink 【详解】句意：图书馆内禁止饮食。因为原句表达的是禁止做某事，“Don’t + 动词原形”是祈使句的否定形式，用于禁止做某事，此处需要将名词短语“food or drinks”转换为对应的动词短语“eat or drink”。故填eat；drink。 一、完形填空 阅读文章，掌握大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was a sunny day in autumn. It was just a school day for most students, 1 for our class football team, the Brave Eagles, it was an important day. On this day, our school would decide which was the best team of the school year. The match began. Both teams played well. There were only five minutes 2 the end of the match, and the score was still 0-0. It was hard to score in such a short time. What’s worse, one of the star players suddenly fell to the 3 because the ball hit his face. And for a moment, everyone held 4 breath. But he didn’t cry or give up. He wiped away his tears and continued 5 . His courage touched everyone on the team. And then there came a great chance! The players passed the ball around 6 . The star player ran with the ball towards the goal and … SCOOOOOORE!!!!!!! The Brave Eagles 7 ! The Brave Eagles won the game not just because of good luck. They are always 8 . Even when they meet difficulties, they keep trying and 9 themselves. And their teamwork is also the key 10 their success. As one player said, “We’re in this together. We win as a team and lose as a team.” 1．A．and B．but C．so D．or 2．A．if B．when C．after D．before 3．A．team B．score C．ground D．goal 4．A．his B．her C．their D．our 5．A．running B．playing C．crying D．shouting 6．A．slowly B．quietly C．quickly D．happily 7．A．failed B．lost C．beat D．won 8．A．positive B．negative C．nervous D．sad 9．A．wait for B．believe in C．look at D．work with 10．A．in B．by C．to D．for 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了“雄鹰队”足球队在学校比赛中，面对困难，凭借团队精神与坚持最终获胜的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：对大多数学生来说这只是普通的上学日，但是对我们班的“雄鹰队”来说，却是重要的一天。 前后分句为转折关系，需用转折连词but。and表并列，so表因果，or表选择，均不符合逻辑。 2．句意：比赛结束前只剩五分钟时，比分仍是0-0。 “比赛结束前只剩五分钟”，需用“before”在……之前。if表条件，when表当……时候，after表在……之后，均不符合语境。 3．句意：更糟的是，一名主力球员突然摔倒在地上，因为球打到了他的脸。 比赛中球员被球砸中后会摔倒在“地上”，需用“ground”地面。team队伍，score比分，goal球门，均不符合场景。 4．句意：那一刻，所有人都屏住了他们的呼吸。 主语是“everyone”所有人，对应的形容词性物主代词为“their”他们的。his他的，her她的，our我们的，均与主语不匹配。 5．句意：他擦去眼泪，继续比赛。 前文提到球员摔倒但没有放弃，应是继续“比赛/踢球”，需用“playing”比赛。running跑，crying哭，shouting喊，均不符合“不放弃、继续比赛”的语境。 6．句意：球员们快速地传球，主力球员带球冲向球门…… 比分胶着、时间紧迫，球员应是“快速地”传球，需用“quickly”快速地。slowly缓慢地，quietly安静地，happily开心地，均不符合紧张的比赛场景。 7．句意：“雄鹰队”赢了！ 前文出现进球“SCOOOOORE!”，说明球队“赢了”，需用“won”获胜。failed失败，lost输掉，beat打败，均不符合语境。 8．句意：他们总是很积极。 结合前文“获胜不只是靠运气”，此处应体现积极的态度，“positive”意为“积极的”符合语境。negative消极的，nervous紧张的，sad难过的，均与球队的精神不符。 9．句意：即使遇到困难，他们也会不断尝试并相信自己。 结合上下文“不放弃、坚持”，“believe in themselves”意为“相信自己”，符合团队信念的语境。wait for等待，look at看，work with和……合作，均无法体现球队的核心特质。 10．句意：他们的团队合作也是成功的关键。 “the key to success”成功的关键，需用介词to。in，by，for，均不符合该固定搭配。 二、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Last Friday was our school’s Sports Day. The playground was full 1 balloons and flowers. And the weather 2 fine. Everyone was happy. There were many 3 activities on that day. For example, we all wanted 4 the 100-metre running race. Those 5 were so fast. My friends took part in the race, too. They didn’t win, 6 they tried their best to run fast and enjoyed themselves. We saw a moving scene when my friend Jack 7 to run. He fell down and got hurt. To 8 surprise, he didn’t cry but kept running. It was 9 unusual memory. I joined in the swimming game. I was a little nervous at first. But when I heard my friends calling my name, I swam faster and 10 won first place. Sports Day isn’t just about winning. It’s about finding the happiness with friends. 1．A．of B．for C．with 2．A．is B．was C．were 3．A．excite B．exciting C．excited 4．A．watch B．watching C．to watch 5．A．runners B．runner C．runner’s 6．A．but B．and C．because 7．A．start B．started C．will start 8．A．we B．us C．our 9．A．a B．an C．the 10．A．success B．successful C．successfully 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了学校运动会日的精彩瞬间，同学们参与各类活动、奋力拼搏，收获了快乐与成长。 1．句意：操场上满是气球和鲜花。 根据固定搭配“be full of”，表示“充满、满是”，因此选用“of”，符合描述运动会操场布置的语境。 2．句意：而且天气很好。 上文时间状语“Last Friday”，全文时态为一般过去时；且主语“the weather”为不可数名词，因此选择“was”。 3．句意：那天有很多令人兴奋的活动。 空后为表示事物的名词“activities”，应选用修饰事物的形容词“exciting”，表示“令人兴奋的”，符合语境。 4．句意：例如，我们都想去看100米赛跑。 根据动词“want”的用法，其后需接动词不定式作宾语，构成“want to do sth.”结构，表示“想要做某事”，因此选择“to watch”。 5．句意：那些赛跑运动员跑得太快了。 根据空前指示代词“Those”，其后需要接可数名词复数，应选用“runners”，指代100米赛跑的选手。 6．句意：他们没有赢，但是他们尽全力快跑，并且玩得很开心。 前半句“没有获胜”与后半句“尽力奔跑、享受比赛”为转折关系，应选用“but”表示转折。 7．句意：当我的朋友杰克开始跑的时候，我们看到了感人的一幕。 全文是一般过去时的时态，因此“when”引导的时间状语从句需用一般过去时的“started”。 8．句意：令我们惊讶的是，他没有哭，而是继续跑。 固定搭配“to one’s surprise”，表示“令某人惊讶的是”，空处需用形容词性物主代词“our”。 9．句意：这是一段不寻常的回忆。 空后“unusual”以元音音素开头，且此处泛指“一段回忆”，因此选择不定冠词“an”。 10．句意：但是当我听到朋友们喊我的名字时，我游得更快，并且成功地赢得了第一名。 空处修饰动词“won”，需用副词“successfully”作状语，表示“成功地”。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 In ancient times, children didn’t have smart phones, iPads or computers to play with. To do away 1 bad feelings and have fun, they created some interesting games. During the Qing Dynasty, kicking stone balls was 2 popular activity in the north of China. People made stones into small balls 3 kicked them with their feet. They often played this game 4 (keep) warm in winter. Hide-and-seek was another popular game. There were two 5 (way) to play it. In the first way, one child closed his eyes and tried to find the others 6 they ran around. In the 7 (two) way, one child looked for the others after they did. The children all enjoyed 8 (they) playing this game. In the past, watching shadow plays was similar to 9 (watch) movies or TV today. Artists moved puppets(木偶) behind a screen and 10 (tell) stories at the same time. During the Qing Dynasty, shadow plays became very popular and people could see them at important events. 【答案】 1．with 2．a 3．and 4．to keep 5．ways 6．when 7．second 8．themselves 9．watching 10．told 【导语】本文介绍了古代没有电子产品的情况下，孩子们发明的三种有趣的传统游戏：踢石球、捉迷藏和皮影戏，展现了传统游戏的乐趣与智慧。 【详解】 1．句意：为了消除坏情绪并获得乐趣，他们发明了一些有趣的游戏。固定搭配do away with意为 “消除、摆脱”，是固定短语，故填 with。 2．句意：在清朝时期，踢石球是中国北方一项受欢迎的活动。activity是可数名词单数，popular以辅音音素开头，表示 “一项” 用不定冠词 a。 3．句意：人们把石头做成小球，然后用脚踢它们。made stones into small balls和kicked them是两个并列的谓语动作，用并列连词and连接。 4．句意：他们经常在冬天玩这个游戏来保暖。 此处用动词不定式to keep作目的状语，表示玩游戏的目的是保暖。 5．句意：有两种玩它的方式。 数词two后面接可数名词复数，way的复数形式是ways。 6．句意：第一种方式是，一个孩子闭上眼睛，当其他人到处跑的时候试着找到他们。 when引导时间状语从句，表示 “当…… 的时候”，符合动作同时发生的语境。 7．句意：在第二种方式中，一个孩子在其他人都藏好后去找他们。 前文提到the first way，此处对应表示 “第二种”，用two的序数词second。 8．句意：孩子们都很喜欢玩这个游戏。 固定搭配enjoy oneself doing sth.意为 “喜欢做某事”，主语是复数The children，对应的反身代词是themselves。 9．句意：在过去，看皮影戏就像今天看电影或电视一样。be similar to中的to是介词，后面接动名词作宾语，watch的动名词是watching。 10．句意：艺术家们在屏幕后面移动木偶，同时讲故事。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，前面的moved是一般过去式，tell也用对应的过去式told。 四、选词填空 选择单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 clean  he  quiet  happy  because  animal   walk  well  with  study  other  of    It’s three o’clock now. Some students of Class Six are on the playground. They are doing sport now. Look! Jim and 1 friends are playing basketball. They play it very 2 . Cindy and Mike are taking a(n) 3 . They like walking 4 they think it is good exercise. They are having a good time on the playground.   The 5 students are in the classroom. What are they doing now? Look! Mary and Bob are 6 the classroom. Frank is tired. He is sleeping at the desk. Emma is not good at math. So she is 7 math. Tom is always a kind and helpful boy. He is helping Emma 8 her math. Alice is reading books. She likes reading very much. Jack is drawing pandas. They are his favourite 9 .   The students are all 10 because tomorrow is Saturday. And they don’t need to go to school. 【答案】 1．his 2．well 3．walk 4．because 5．other 6．cleaning 7．studying 8．with 9．animals 10．happy 【导语】本文描述了下午三点时，六班学生们在操场和教室里的不同活动，展现了学生们的校园生活，也传递了周五临近周末的轻松氛围。 【详解】 1．句意：看！吉姆和他的朋友们正在打篮球。此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词friends，方框中he的形容词性物主代词his符合语境，指代吉姆的朋友。 2．句意：他们打得非常好。此处需要副词修饰动词play，方框中well(好地)符合语境，用于描述打篮球的水平。 3．句意：辛迪和迈克正在散步。“take a walk”是固定搭配，意为“散步”，此处用名词“walk”，方框中walk符合语境。 4．句意：他们喜欢散步，因为他们认为这是很好的锻炼。后半句是前半句的原因，方框中because(因为)符合语境，用于引导原因状语从句。 5．句意：其他的学生在教室里。方框中other(其他的)符合语境，“the other students”表示“其余的学生”，与前文在操场的学生形成对应。 6．句意：看！玛丽和鲍勃正在打扫教室。句子时态为现在进行时，方框中clean的动名词形式cleaning符合语境，描述学生在教室的劳动行为。 7．句意：艾玛不擅长数学，所以她正在学习数学。句子时态为现在进行时，方框中study的动名词形式studying符合语境，对应艾玛补习数学的状态。 8．句意：他正在帮助艾玛学习数学。“help sb. with sth.”是固定搭配，意为“在某方面帮助某人”，方框中with符合语境，构成固定短语。 9．句意：它们是他最喜欢的动物。此处的They指代前文的pandas，方框中animal的复数形式animals符合语境，对应熊猫这一动物种类。 10．句意：学生们都很开心，因为明天是周六，他们不需要去上学。根据“明天不用上学”的情节，方框中happy(开心的)符合语境，描述学生们的心情。 五、阅读理解 A Shanghai has made new rules for PE classes in primary and secondary schools. Let’s see what changes are coming for students! First, students must exercise for 2 hours every day, and most of this exercise will be at school. They need to sweat (出汗) a lot during PE classes. It would be great if they can still wear ▲ even in winter to stay active. Schools will also give students sports bracelets (手环). These bracelets can make PE classes more effective and help keep students safe. Besides, every student will learn at least two sports skills, like playing basketball or skipping rope. To make sports more fun, schools will hold monthly “sports days.” On these days, students can do outdoor activities in the sun. Schools can even invite parents and community members to join in their sports events. At last, new schools will improve their sports equipment (设施). Existing (现存的) schools will use their space better—for example, some will build “sky courts (空中球场)” on the rooftops. In this way, all students can enjoy playing sports and stay healthy at school. 1．Which can be put in “ ▲ ” in paragraph 2? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined word “effective” probably mean in paragraph 3? A．useful B．useless C．tired D．quiet 3．What can we learn about “sports days” from the passage? ①They are held every month. ②Only students can take part in the events. ③Students can do outdoor activities. ④Parents and community members are welcome to take part in the events. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．What will existing schools do to make better use of their space? A．Build new playgrounds. B．Build “sky courts”. C．Buy more sports equipment. D．Open sports classes to parents. 5．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To tell students to study harder. B．To ask people to build more schools. C．To introduce new PE rules in Shanghai. D．To show how to play basketball. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了上海市中小学体育课的新规定，包括每日锻炼时长、运动手环的使用、每月体育日活动及学校空间利用的改进措施。 【详解】 1．文章第二段指出“They need to sweat a lot during PE classes. It would be great if they can still wear... even in winter to stay active.”，说明为了在冬天也能大量出汗保持活跃，学生应该穿轻便的衣物，D项符合语境。 2．文章第三段指出“These bracelets can make PE classes more effective and help keep students safe.”，手环能帮助体育课更有效并保证学生安全，因此“effective”意为“有用的”。 3．文章第四段指出“schools will hold monthly ‘sports days’”（①正确），“students can do outdoor activities”（③正确），“invite parents and community members to join in”（④正确）。②错误，因为家长和社区成员也可以参加。 4．文章最后一段指出“Existing schools will use their space better—for example, some will build ‘sky courts’ on the rooftops.”，说明现有学校会通过建造“空中球场”来更好利用空间。 5．文章第一段点明“Shanghai has made new rules for PE classes... Let’s see what changes are coming”，随后逐条介绍新规定，因此写作目的是介绍上海体育课的新规则。 B Hongqi School Sports Day! A day of fun and exercise! This year, we have some new sports and games for you! You can choose to join in: Sign up (报名) for the following lectures (讲座): Sports lectures are run by the best coaches(教练). They will teach you more about the sports and how to do them. There are only a few places(座位) for each lecture. Sign up early to get your favorite one! Time: 9:00 a.m.-4:30 p.m., Friday Place: the Students’ Sports Centre Call Mr Li at 293-742. 1．You can join in ________ on the Sports Day if you are interested in sports. A． B． C． D． 2．What do we know about the lectures? A．They are run by the best coaches. B．They are on Thursday. C．There are five lectures in all. D．There are many places for each lecture. 3．How long will the Sports Day last? A．7 hours. B．7.5 hours. C．8 hours. D．8.5 hours. 4．Who may read the passage? A．Teachers. B．Doctors. C．Parents. D．Students. 5．Where is the passage from? A．A science club. B．A travel book C．A school notice. D．A shopping page. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇学校通知类应用文，介绍了红旗学校体育日的活动安排，包括可参与的运动项目、报名讲座、时间地点及联系方式等信息。 【详解】 1．文中提到“You can choose to join in”下方的图标为篮球、足球、羽毛球、乒乓球，直接表明只有乒乓球图标属于可直接参与的运动项目。 2．文中提到“Sports lectures are run by the best coaches.”，直接表明体育讲座由最优秀的教练主持。 3．文中给出时间“9:00 am.-4:30 pm, Friday”，计算时长：从上午9点到下午4点30分，共7.5小时。 4．这是红旗学校的体育日通知，面向的对象是在校学生，因此最可能阅读这篇通知的是学生。 5．这篇文章是红旗学校发布的体育日活动通知，属于学校公告类内容，因此最可能来自一则学校通知。 Sunshine Middle School will have a sports meeting two weeks later. The sports meeting is good to help students keep fit and active. It is also good to build school spirit. There are many events (项目) in the sports meeting . The basketball game is exciting and full of energy. It is usually played as 5-on-5 matches in the sports meeting. It can help to build team spirit. In the long jump event, students need to jump from a line without crossing it. The long jump can show students’ progress each time. In the running event, students try to run as fast as possible. It can shape body and mind. To ensure safety (保证安全), students need to follow some rules. Firstly, we must arrive at specific spot (具体位置) on time. Secondly, we have to wear school sports uniforms and running shoes. Thirdly, we must tell our teacher if we are absent from the meeting. On the sports day, everyone should works hard to win, but the most important thing is to have fun and try our best! 1 2 3 4 【答案】1．Sports rules 2．Basketball game 3．Running 4．Arrive on time 【导语】本文主要介绍了阳光中学两周后即将举行的运动会的一些情况，包括：运动项目及意义，还有一些涉及运动会的安全措施和规则。 1．根据“To ensure safety (保证安全), students need to follow some rules. Firstly, we must arrive at specific spot (具体位置) on time. Secondly, we have to wear school sports uniforms and running shoes. Thirdly, we must tell our teacher if we are absent from the meeting.”可知，这一段主要谈及了本次运动会的一些规则。故填Sports rules。 2．根据“The basketball game is exciting and full of energy. It is usually played as 5-on-5 matches in the sports meeting. It can help to build team spirit.”可知，运动会项目中首先谈到了篮球比赛。故填Basketball game。 3．根据“In the running event, students try to run as fast as possible. It can shape body and mind.”可知，运动会项目中最后谈到了跑步项目。故填Running。 4．根据“Firstly, we must arrive at specific spot (具体位置) on time.”可知，本次运动会规则中第一条谈到了“准时到达”。故填Arrive on time。 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $