内容正文:
专题01 一般将来时will和一般过去时(期末复习讲义)
内 容 导 航
考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向,锚定备考重心
知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区
考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效
复习目标
复习重点:
1. 精准掌握一般过去时、一般将来时的核心定义、基本结构、人称变化及标志性时间状语,能快速识别两种时态的适用场景;
2. 熟练掌握一般过去时规则、不规则动词过去式变形,掌握一般将来时will/ be going to两种核心句式的用法区别;
3. 能规范完成两种时态的肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句转换,可独立完成时态填空、句型转换、句子翻译题型;
4. 结合语境精准辨析一般过去时(过去发生、已结束)与一般将来时(将要发生、未发生),规避时态混用错误。
复习难点:
1. 初中高频不规则动词过去式的精准记忆与正确运用,区分规则变形与特殊变形;
2. 辨析will(临时决定、客观将来)与be going to(计划打算、有迹象)的语境差异;
3. 语境时态判定:区分过去习惯性动作、单次过去动作与未来计划、预判性动作,突破时态混淆易错点。
考情规律
词汇运用:高频考查动词过去式变形、将来时be动词搭配填空,是语法填空、短文选词填空基础核心考点,考查频次极高。
句型转换/翻译:常考两种时态的句式互换、肯定否定及疑问句式转换、时态相关句子英汉互译。
单选/完形填空:重点通过时间状语、上下文语境判定时态,区分两种时态的用法差异,是中考必考时态考点。
书面表达:一般过去时多用于叙事作文、经历介绍;一般将来时多用于计划、展望、倡议书写作,是写作核心基础时态。
知识点1 一般将来时
项目
内容
概念
表示将来发生的动作、情况或打算
时间标志词
tomorrow, next week/year, soon, in the future, in + 一段时间
基本结构
肯定句:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他
否定句:主语 + will not (won’t) + 动词原形 + 其他
一般疑问句:Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
回答:Yes, 主语 + will. / No, 主语 + won’t.
例句
1. I will go to park tomorrow.
2. She won’t watch TV this evening.
3. Will you come to school early?
用法
1. 表示将来要发生的动作
2. 表示临时做出的决定
3. 表示预测、猜想
1.We hope there ________ war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life.
A.will not have B.will not be
C.is not going to have D.is going to be
2.—________ we go for a picnic in the park tomorrow?
—Good idea! The radio says it ________ be sunny.
A.Shall; will B.Will; won’t C.Will; shall D.Shall; shall
3.If you work hard, you will ________ in passing the exam.
A.success B.succeed C.successful D.successfully
4.There ________ a football match in our school next week.
A.will have B.is C.will be D.has
5.— What will the weather be like tomorrow?
— The radio says it ________ rainy in the afternoon.
A.is going to B.was C.will be D.is
知识点2 一般过去时
一、核心定义(初中阶段必背)
一般过去时是表示 过去某个特定时间发生的动作、存在的状态,或 过去习惯性、经常性动作 的时态。核心特征:动作已结束,与现在无直接关联(比如 “昨天吃饭”“去年住在这里”)。
二、时间标志词(中考高频考点)
1. 具体过去时间(必须牢记)
昨天相关:yesterday(昨天)、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening(昨天上/下/晚上)
上周/月/年:last week/month/year(上周/月/年)、last Monday(上周一)
一段时间前:three days ago(三天前)、two years ago(两年前)、a moment ago(片刻前)
具体年份/季节:in 2019(在 2019 年)、in winter 2022(在 2022 年冬天)
其他:at 8 o’clock last night(昨晚 8 点)、on March 5th, 2020(在 2020 年 3 月 5 日)
2. 模糊过去时间
just now(刚才)、once(曾经)、then(那时)、before(以前)、already(已经,用于过去时)、yet(还,用于过去时否定/疑问)
三、谓语动词变化(重中之重)
(一)规则动词过去式(占初中动词80%,按规则变形)
变形规则
例词(原形→过去式)
注意事项
1. 一般情况:加 - ed
work→worked、play→played、look→looked
发音:清辅音后读 /t/(worked),浊辅音/元音后读 /d/(played)
2. 以 e 结尾:加 - d
live→lived、like→liked、use→used
直接加 d,不重复 e
3. 辅音 + y 结尾:变 y 为 i 加 - ed
study→studied、try→tried、carry→carried
元音 + y 结尾不变(play→played)
4. 重读闭音节(辅 + 元 + 辅):双写尾字母加 - ed
stop→stopped、plan→planned、shop→shopped
尾字母必须是 “辅音 + 元音 + 辅音” 且重读(如 visit→visited 不双写)
(二)不规则动词过去式(初中高频 20 个,必须熟记)
类型
例词(原形→过去式)
记忆技巧
不变形
cut→cut、read→read(发音 /red/)、put→put
原形和过去式一样,重点记发音(read)
变元音
write→wrote、eat→ate、see→saw、take→took、drink→drank
改变中间元音字母,分组记忆(write/wrote、ride/rode)
变辅音
build→built、send→sent、spend→spent
词尾加 - t,词根不变
完全变形
go→went、be→was/were、do→did、have→had
单独记忆,中考最高频
四、句子结构(初中必考句型)
1. 肯定句
实义动词:主语 + 过去式 + 其他
→ He watched TV last night.(他昨晚看电视了。)
→ They visited Beijing in 2021.(他们 2021 年去了北京。)
be 动词:主语 + was/were + 表语
→ I was late for school yesterday.(我昨天上学迟到了。)
→ They were in the park just now.(他们刚才在公园。)
2. 否定句
实义动词:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他
→ She didn’t finish her homework.(她没完成作业。)(易错点:didn’t 后必须用原形,不能说 didn’t finished)
be 动词:主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表语
→ He wasn’t at home yesterday.(他昨天不在家。)
→ We weren’t happy with the result.(我们对结果不满意。)
3. 一般疑问句及回答
实义动词:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did.
否定回答:No, 主语 + didn’t.
→ Did you go to the zoo? Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.(你去动物园了吗?是/不是。)
be 动词:Was/Were + 主语 + 表语?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + was/were.
否定回答:No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t.
→ Were they in Class 3? Yes, they were./No, they weren’t.(他们在三班吗?是/不是。)
4. 特殊疑问句(中考重点题型)
结构:疑问词(what/who/where/when/how 等) + 一般疑问句?
→ What did you do last weekend?(你上周末做了什么?)
→ Where were you yesterday afternoon?(你昨天下午在哪里?)
→ How did she get to school this morning?(她今天早上怎么去学校的?)
五、核心用法(初中常考场景)
1.描述过去具体时间的动作(最常用)
→ My father bought a new phone three days ago.(我爸爸三天前买了一部新手机。)
2.描述过去存在的状态
→ The trees were green last spring.(去年春天树是绿的。)
3.描述过去习惯性动作(可与 used to 互换)
→ He walked to school every day when he was 10.(= He used to walk to school every day when he was 10.)(他 10 岁时每天步行上学。)
4.过去连续发生的动作(按顺序描述)
→ She got up, brushed her teeth and had breakfast.(她起床、刷牙、吃早饭。)
1.Our school basketball team ________ others and _________ the first prize last week.
A.beat; win B.beats; wins C.beat; won D.beated; won
2.The mountain climbers ________ the summit after three days of hard climbing.
A.arrived B.reached C.got D.left
3.—Who cleaned the temple before the festival?
—The villagers ________.
A.do B.does C.did D.were
4.When I opened the box, I found it ________ old letters and photos from my grandparents.
A.is full with B.was filled of C.was full of D.fill with
5.Ms. Chen and her students ________ the festival last week.
A.celebrate B.are celebrating C.celebrated D.will celebrate
基础通关练(测试时间:10分钟)
1.The team was unhappy because they _______ the final match yesterday.
A.beat B.won C.lost D.failed
2.Last summer, Vicky ________ in a distant village, teaching the children English.
A.stays B.is staying C.stayed D.will stay
3.—When ________ you ________ your first bike? —At the age of six, my father bought it for me.
A.do; get B.did; get C.will; get D.have; got
4.—________ you ________ your homework last night?
—No, I watched TV instead.
A.Did; do B.Do; do C.Were; do D.Did; did
5.—How did you get to the museum yesterday?
—I ________ the underground there.
A.take B.took C.takes D.am taking
6.—Tom didn’t come to school today, did he?
—________. He had a bad cold and went to the hospital.
A.Yes, he did B.No, he didn’t C.Yes, he was D.No, he wasn’t
7.—What ________ you do in the library yesterday?
—I ________ a report with my classmates.
A.do; write B.did; write C.do; wrote D.did; wrote
8.There ________ a meeting in our school tomorrow afternoon.
A.is B.are C.will be D.will have
9.— Maths is difficult for me.
— Don’t worry. I believe you will ________ if you keep trying.
A.success B.succeed C.successful D.successfully
10.Our school ________ a sports meeting next month. Now we’re all looking forward to it.
A.holds B.will hold C.held D.is holding
11.The students are very happy because there ________ a spring outing next week.
A.will be B.will have C.was D.is
12.—________ you go to Taipei next month?
—Yes, we will.
A.Are B.Will C.How D.Do
13.—Will you go to Shanghai by train?
—No, _________.
A.I will B.you won’t C.I won’t D.I don’t
14.He _________ very busy last week. He _________ free next week.
A.be; is will B.is; is C.will be; will be D.was; will be
15.—I’m sorry I ________ my exercise book at home this morning.
—Never mind. Don’t forget to bring it here this afternoon.
A.leave B.am leaving
C.left D.will leave
重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟)
1.She ________ to the park every Sunday and she ________ there last Sunday.
A.goes; goes B.went; goes C.goes; went D.went; went
2.Oh, my God. I ________ my iPhone in the car just now.
A.left B.leaves C.forgets D.forgot
3.—When ________ you ________ to learn English? —Five years ago.
A.did; start B.have; started C.will; start D.are; starting
4.I ________ this website yesterday and learnt a lot about London.
A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.will visit
5.When I was young, I ___________a notebook and I wrote many poems in it.
A.used to keeping B.used to keep
C.was used to keeping D.got used to keep
6.In the past, student ________ to play outside more often.
A.use B.used C.were used D.were using me
7.—Some people don’t show their talents (天赋) at the very beginning.
—Exactly. Even Einstein ________ read until he was seven.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.couldn’t D.needn’t
8.—It ________ all day yesterday.
—Yes. It often ________ here in summer.
A.rained; rains B.rains; rained C.rained; rained D.rains; rains
9.There ________ a football match between our class and Class Seven tomorrow.
A.will have B.will be C.are D.is
10.It ________ my sister’s birthday tomorrow. She ________ a party.
A.will have; is going to be B.will be; is going to have
C.is going to be; will have D.will be; is having
11.I wonder if he ________ to Nantong for Jiangsu Football City League (江苏省城市足球联赛) next Sunday. If he ________, please tell me.
A.will go, do B.go, will do C.will go, does D.goes, will do
12.The weather ________ cloudy now, but it ________ sunny this afternoon.
A.is; will be B.are; is C.will be; is D.are; will be
13.Thirty years ago, Zhang Hong ________ a dancer, now he ________ an engineer, and next year he ________ be retired.
A.is, is, is B.was, is, / C.was, was, is D.was, is, will
14.—Do you know when Uncle Wang ________ us?
—Tomorrow morning. I’ll meet him when he ________ at the station.
A.visits; arrives B.will visit; will arrive
C.will visit; arrives D.visits; will arrive
15.We ________ a fun run this weekend. I think I ________ a lot of messages tomorrow, but I’m not sure.
A.are organizing; am going to receive B.organize; am going to receive
C.are organizing; will receive D.organize; will receive
综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟)
1.I don’t know what the weather ________ tomorrow.
A.will be B.will like C.will be like D.is like
2.— Mum, I’m wondering when we ________ a family trip. We haven’t gone travelling for nearly two years.
—I’m afraid we have to wait until the virus ________ completely some day.
A.will take; will disappear B.will take; disappears
C.take; will disappear D.take; disappears
3.I hope you ________to me again.
A.to write B.will write C.wrote D.writing
4.— Excuse me! You can’t take photos in the museum. Look at the sign. It says “NO PHOTOS”.
— Sorry, I ________ see the sign and I ________ do it again.
A.didn’t; don’t B.didn’t; won’t C.don’t; won’t D.don’t; didn’t
5.China will see over 40 space launches (航天发射) in 2022, and the country _________ building its space station (空间站) this year.
A.finishes B.finished C.will finish D.are going to finish
6.Lily ________ her shoes, but she didn’t ________ them.
A.looked for; find B.found; look for
C.looked; found out D.found out; looked for
7.The girl ______ Betty ______ on the stairs and broke her ankle. We all ______ sorry for her.
A.called; fell; felt B.named; felt; fell C.is called; fell; felt D.is named; felt; fell
8.The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are used to ________ them through PPTs.
A.write; showing B.writing; show C.write; show D.writing; showing
9.On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________ them on the plate.
A.laid B.lay C.lain D.lays
10.It was warm and sunny and the bird ______ down and began to ______ eggs.
A.lied; lay B.lay; laid C.lay; lay D.lay; lie
11.Just now a little boy ________ on the ground and ________ to others, “A cock laid an egg.”
A.lied; laid B.lay; lied C.laid; lied D.lay; laid
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专题01 一般将来时will和一般过去时(期末复习讲义)
内 容 导 航
考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向,锚定备考重心
知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区
考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效
复习目标
复习重点:
1. 精准掌握一般过去时、一般将来时的核心定义、基本结构、人称变化及标志性时间状语,能快速识别两种时态的适用场景;
2. 熟练掌握一般过去时规则、不规则动词过去式变形,掌握一般将来时will/ be going to两种核心句式的用法区别;
3. 能规范完成两种时态的肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句转换,可独立完成时态填空、句型转换、句子翻译题型;
4. 结合语境精准辨析一般过去时(过去发生、已结束)与一般将来时(将要发生、未发生),规避时态混用错误。
复习难点:
1. 初中高频不规则动词过去式的精准记忆与正确运用,区分规则变形与特殊变形;
2. 辨析will(临时决定、客观将来)与be going to(计划打算、有迹象)的语境差异;
3. 语境时态判定:区分过去习惯性动作、单次过去动作与未来计划、预判性动作,突破时态混淆易错点。
考情规律
词汇运用:高频考查动词过去式变形、将来时be动词搭配填空,是语法填空、短文选词填空基础核心考点,考查频次极高。
句型转换/翻译:常考两种时态的句式互换、肯定否定及疑问句式转换、时态相关句子英汉互译。
单选/完形填空:重点通过时间状语、上下文语境判定时态,区分两种时态的用法差异,是中考必考时态考点。
书面表达:一般过去时多用于叙事作文、经历介绍;一般将来时多用于计划、展望、倡议书写作,是写作核心基础时态。
知识点1 一般将来时
项目
内容
概念
表示将来发生的动作、情况或打算
时间标志词
tomorrow, next week/year, soon, in the future, in + 一段时间
基本结构
肯定句:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他
否定句:主语 + will not (won’t) + 动词原形 + 其他
一般疑问句:Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
回答:Yes, 主语 + will. / No, 主语 + won’t.
例句
1. I will go to park tomorrow.
2. She won’t watch TV this evening.
3. Will you come to school early?
用法
1. 表示将来要发生的动作
2. 表示临时做出的决定
3. 表示预测、猜想
1.We hope there ________ war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life.
A.will not have B.will not be
C.is not going to have D.is going to be
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们希望世界上将不会有战争。每个人都能过上幸福的生活。
there be句型表示“存在”,其将来时结构为“there will be”或“there is/are going to be”,不能与have连用,排除A和C;根据“Everyone can live a happy life.”可知,此处表达的是希望没有战争,应用否定形式,排除D。
2.—________ we go for a picnic in the park tomorrow?
—Good idea! The radio says it ________ be sunny.
A.Shall; will B.Will; won’t C.Will; shall D.Shall; shall
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——明天我们去公园野餐好吗?——好主意!广播说天气会是晴朗的。
shall“将要”,表示征求意见/建议,只用于第一人称,will“将要”,表示预测,用于所有人称。第一空:表示建议或征求意见,主语为we(第一人称),故用Shall。第二空:表示将来预测,主语it为第三人称,指代天气,应用will。
3.If you work hard, you will ________ in passing the exam.
A.success B.succeed C.successful D.successfully
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果你努力学习,你就会成功通过考试。
success成功(名词);succeed成功(动词);successful成功的(形容词);successfully成功地(副词)。根据句子结构,空格处需要填入动词原形与will构成将来时。succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”,是固定短语。故选B。
4.There ________ a football match in our school next week.
A.will have B.is C.will be D.has
【答案】C
【详解】句意:下周在我们学校将有一场足球比赛。
此句为there be句型,表示“存在”,不能与have/has连用;根据时间状语“next week” 可知,句子要用一般将来时,结构为there will be。空处填will be。
5.— What will the weather be like tomorrow?
— The radio says it ________ rainy in the afternoon.
A.is going to B.was C.will be D.is
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——明天的天气将会怎么样?——收音机说下午将会是下雨的。
问句询问“明天”的天气,答句描述将来的天气情况,应用一般将来时will be。is going to也可表将来,但后面需接动词原形。
知识点2 一般过去时
一、核心定义(初中阶段必背)
一般过去时是表示 过去某个特定时间发生的动作、存在的状态,或 过去习惯性、经常性动作 的时态。核心特征:动作已结束,与现在无直接关联(比如 “昨天吃饭”“去年住在这里”)。
二、时间标志词(中考高频考点)
1. 具体过去时间(必须牢记)
昨天相关:yesterday(昨天)、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening(昨天上/下/晚上)
上周/月/年:last week/month/year(上周/月/年)、last Monday(上周一)
一段时间前:three days ago(三天前)、two years ago(两年前)、a moment ago(片刻前)
具体年份/季节:in 2019(在 2019 年)、in winter 2022(在 2022 年冬天)
其他:at 8 o’clock last night(昨晚 8 点)、on March 5th, 2020(在 2020 年 3 月 5 日)
2. 模糊过去时间
just now(刚才)、once(曾经)、then(那时)、before(以前)、already(已经,用于过去时)、yet(还,用于过去时否定/疑问)
三、谓语动词变化(重中之重)
(一)规则动词过去式(占初中动词80%,按规则变形)
变形规则
例词(原形→过去式)
注意事项
1. 一般情况:加 - ed
work→worked、play→played、look→looked
发音:清辅音后读 /t/(worked),浊辅音/元音后读 /d/(played)
2. 以 e 结尾:加 - d
live→lived、like→liked、use→used
直接加 d,不重复 e
3. 辅音 + y 结尾:变 y 为 i 加 - ed
study→studied、try→tried、carry→carried
元音 + y 结尾不变(play→played)
4. 重读闭音节(辅 + 元 + 辅):双写尾字母加 - ed
stop→stopped、plan→planned、shop→shopped
尾字母必须是 “辅音 + 元音 + 辅音” 且重读(如 visit→visited 不双写)
(二)不规则动词过去式(初中高频 20 个,必须熟记)
类型
例词(原形→过去式)
记忆技巧
不变形
cut→cut、read→read(发音 /red/)、put→put
原形和过去式一样,重点记发音(read)
变元音
write→wrote、eat→ate、see→saw、take→took、drink→drank
改变中间元音字母,分组记忆(write/wrote、ride/rode)
变辅音
build→built、send→sent、spend→spent
词尾加 - t,词根不变
完全变形
go→went、be→was/were、do→did、have→had
单独记忆,中考最高频
四、句子结构(初中必考句型)
1. 肯定句
实义动词:主语 + 过去式 + 其他
→ He watched TV last night.(他昨晚看电视了。)
→ They visited Beijing in 2021.(他们 2021 年去了北京。)
be 动词:主语 + was/were + 表语
→ I was late for school yesterday.(我昨天上学迟到了。)
→ They were in the park just now.(他们刚才在公园。)
2. 否定句
实义动词:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他
→ She didn’t finish her homework.(她没完成作业。)(易错点:didn’t 后必须用原形,不能说 didn’t finished)
be 动词:主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表语
→ He wasn’t at home yesterday.(他昨天不在家。)
→ We weren’t happy with the result.(我们对结果不满意。)
3. 一般疑问句及回答
实义动词:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did.
否定回答:No, 主语 + didn’t.
→ Did you go to the zoo? Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.(你去动物园了吗?是/不是。)
be 动词:Was/Were + 主语 + 表语?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + was/were.
否定回答:No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t.
→ Were they in Class 3? Yes, they were./No, they weren’t.(他们在三班吗?是/不是。)
4. 特殊疑问句(中考重点题型)
结构:疑问词(what/who/where/when/how 等) + 一般疑问句?
→ What did you do last weekend?(你上周末做了什么?)
→ Where were you yesterday afternoon?(你昨天下午在哪里?)
→ How did she get to school this morning?(她今天早上怎么去学校的?)
五、核心用法(初中常考场景)
1.描述过去具体时间的动作(最常用)
→ My father bought a new phone three days ago.(我爸爸三天前买了一部新手机。)
2.描述过去存在的状态
→ The trees were green last spring.(去年春天树是绿的。)
3.描述过去习惯性动作(可与 used to 互换)
→ He walked to school every day when he was 10.(= He used to walk to school every day when he was 10.)(他 10 岁时每天步行上学。)
4.过去连续发生的动作(按顺序描述)
→ She got up, brushed her teeth and had breakfast.(她起床、刷牙、吃早饭。)
1.Our school basketball team ________ others and _________ the first prize last week.
A.beat; win B.beats; wins C.beat; won D.beated; won
【答案】C
【详解】句意:上周我们学校的篮球队击败了其他队伍并赢得了一等奖。
时间状语“last week”表示过去,需用一般过去时;第一空后接对手“others”,用beat;第二空后接奖项“the first prize”,用won。
2.The mountain climbers ________ the summit after three days of hard climbing.
A.arrived B.reached C.got D.left
【答案】B
【详解】句意:登山者经过三天艰难的攀登后到达了山顶。
arrived到达,是不及物动词,后面接地点要加介词in/at;reached到达,是及物动词,后面可直接接地点名词;got到达,常用get to加地点;left离开。空格后直接接地点the summit,reach是及物动词,可直接接宾语the summit。应填reached。
3.—Who cleaned the temple before the festival?
—The villagers ________.
A.do B.does C.did D.were
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——节日前谁打扫了寺庙?——村民们打扫了。
根据问句中谓语动词“cleaned”可知,句子是一般过去时,答语为了避免重复,用助动词did代替cleaned the temple before the festival。
4.When I opened the box, I found it ________ old letters and photos from my grandparents.
A.is full with B.was filled of C.was full of D.fill with
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当我打开盒子时,我发现里面装满了我祖父母的旧信和照片。
“be full of”和“be filled with”都表示“充满”,是固定短语;found后是宾语从句,从句中主语是it,此处描述打开盒子时看到的情景,用一般过去时,be动词用was,所以用“was full of”。
5.Ms. Chen and her students ________ the festival last week.
A.celebrate B.are celebrating C.celebrated D.will celebrate
【答案】C
【详解】句意:陈女士和她的学生们上周庆祝了这个节日。
根据“last week”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,所以时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,“celebrate”的过去式是“celebrated”。
基础通关练(测试时间:10分钟)
1.The team was unhappy because they _______ the final match yesterday.
A.beat B.won C.lost D.failed
【答案】C
【详解】句意: 这个队伍很不高兴,因为他们昨天输掉了决赛。
beat打;won赢得;lost失去;failed失败。C选项“lost”,意为“输掉”,输掉比赛会导致不开心,符合语境。
2.Last summer, Vicky ________ in a distant village, teaching the children English.
A.stays B.is staying C.stayed D.will stay
【答案】C
【详解】句意:去年夏天,维基待在一个遥远的村庄里,教孩子们英语。
根据句中时间状语“Last summer”可知,动作发生在过去,谓语动词应使用过去式。
3.—When ________ you ________ your first bike? —At the age of six, my father bought it for me.
A.do; get B.did; get C.will; get D.have; got
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你什么时候得到你的第一辆自行车?——六岁的时候,我爸爸给我买的。
根据答语“At the age of six”以及“bought”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词+did+主语+动词原形”,因此用did;get。
4.—________ you ________ your homework last night?
—No, I watched TV instead.
A.Did; do B.Do; do C.Were; do D.Did; did
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你昨晚做作业了吗?——没有,我反而看电视了。
Did用于一般过去时疑问句;Do用于一般现在时;Were用于be动词过去式;Did; did句型结构错误,助动词后应接动词原形。do one’s homework表示“做家庭作业”,构成一般疑问句用助动词,“last night”表示过去时间,句子应用一般过去时,助动词Did后接动词原形do,应填Did; do。
5.—How did you get to the museum yesterday?
—I ________ the underground there.
A.take B.took C.takes D.am taking
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你昨天怎么去博物馆的?——我乘地铁去的。
take动词原形;took动词过去式;takes动词第三人称单数;am taking现在进行时。问句中 “yesterday”是过去的时间状语,且助动词用了“did”,提示动作发生在过去,答句也应用一般过去时。take的过去式为took。
6.—Tom didn’t come to school today, did he?
—________. He had a bad cold and went to the hospital.
A.Yes, he did B.No, he didn’t C.Yes, he was D.No, he wasn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——汤姆今天没来上学,是吗?——不,他没来。他得了重感冒,去医院了。
反意疑问句的回答根据实际情况而定,根据“He had a bad cold and went to the hospital.”可知,汤姆没来上学是事实,所以回答是否定的,即“No, he didn’t”,意思是“不,他没来”。
7.—What ________ you do in the library yesterday?
—I ________ a report with my classmates.
A.do; write B.did; write C.do; wrote D.did; wrote
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你昨天在图书馆做了什么?——我和同学们写了一份报告。
do做,助动词原形,write写,动词原形;did做,助动词过去式;wrote写,动词过去式。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知,句子时态为一般过去时。第一空构成特殊疑问句,助动词应用did;第二空在陈述句中作谓语,动词应用过去式wrote。应填did;wrote。
8.There ________ a meeting in our school tomorrow afternoon.
A.is B.are C.will be D.will have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:明天下午我们学校将有一场会议。
根据句中的时间状语tomorrow afternoon可知,该句时态为一般将来时。There be句型表示“某地有某物”,其一般将来时结构是There will be或There is/are going to be。have表示“某人拥有”,不能用于There be句型中。本句表示“明天下午我们学校将有一场会议”,所以用There will be,故答案是will be。
9.— Maths is difficult for me.
— Don’t worry. I believe you will ________ if you keep trying.
A.success B.succeed C.successful D.successfully
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——数学对我来说很难。——别担心。我相信如果你继续努力,你会成功的。
考查动词辨析。success成功,名词;succeed成功,动词;successful成功的,形容词;successfully成功地,副词。空格前有助动词“will”,后需接动词原形构成将来时,选项中只有succeed是动词原形。故选B。
10.Our school ________ a sports meeting next month. Now we’re all looking forward to it.
A.holds B.will hold C.held D.is holding
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们学校下个月将举办一场运动会。现在我们都很期待它。
考查时态辨析。根据时间状语“next month”可知,本句时态为一般将来时。故选B。
11.The students are very happy because there ________ a spring outing next week.
A.will be B.will have C.was D.is
【答案】A
【详解】句意:学生们非常高兴,因为下周将有春游。
考查时态。根据“next week”可知,句子应用一般将来时,结构是“will+动词原形”,此处是there be句型,故将来时的结构是there will be,故选A。
12.—________ you go to Taipei next month?
—Yes, we will.
A.Are B.Will C.How D.Do
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你们下个月会去台北吗?——是的,我们会的。
考查一般疑问句。Are be动词;will将要;How如何;Do助动词。一般疑问句遵循用什么提问,用什么回答,根据答语可知问句是一般将来时,用Will提问。故选B。
13.—Will you go to Shanghai by train?
—No, _________.
A.I will B.you won’t C.I won’t D.I don’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你将要乘火车去上海吗?——不,我不会。
考查一般疑问句的回答。根据“Will you...”可知否定回答是No, I won’t。故选C。
14.He _________ very busy last week. He _________ free next week.
A.be; is will B.is; is C.will be; will be D.was; will be
【答案】D
【详解】句意:他上周很忙。他下周很闲。
考查一般过去时和一般将来时。be; is will表达都错;is; is均为一般现在时;will be; will be均为一般将来时;was; will be前者为一般过去时,后者为一般将来时。根据“last week”可知,第一句是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式was;根据“next week”可知,第二句是一般将来时,will+动词原形。故选D。
15.—I’m sorry I ________ my exercise book at home this morning.
—Never mind. Don’t forget to bring it here this afternoon.
A.leave B.am leaving
C.left D.will leave
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——对不起,我今天早上把练习本忘在家里了。——没关系,下午别忘了带来。
考查动词时态。leave遗忘,离开;am leaving正在离开/遗忘;left过去式;will leave将要遗忘/离开。根据“this morning”可知动作发生在过去,需用一般过去时。故选C。
重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟)
1.She ________ to the park every Sunday and she ________ there last Sunday.
A.goes; goes B.went; goes C.goes; went D.went; went
【答案】C
【详解】句意:她每个周日都去公园,并且她上周日去了那里。
根据时间状语every Sunday可知,第一个空格处的时态为一般现在时,主语 She 是第三人称单数,谓语动词用goes;根据时间状语last Sunday可知,第二个空格处的时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式went。
2.Oh, my God. I ________ my iPhone in the car just now.
A.left B.leaves C.forgets D.forgot
【答案】A
【详解】句意:哦,我的天哪。我刚才把iPhone落在车里了。
leave遗留;forget忘记。根据“just now”可知句子应使用一般过去时;根据in the car可知是把某物落在某地,应使用动词leave,其过去式是left。
3.—When ________ you ________ to learn English? —Five years ago.
A.did; start B.have; started C.will; start D.are; starting
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你什么时候开始学英语的?——五年前。
根据答句“Five years ago.”可知,询问的是过去某个时间开始做某事,应使用一般过去时,应填did; start。
4.I ________ this website yesterday and learnt a lot about London.
A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.will visit
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我昨天访问了这个网站,并且学到了很多关于伦敦的知识。
根据“yesterday”可知,本句是一般过去时,动词用过去式visited。
5.When I was young, I ___________a notebook and I wrote many poems in it.
A.used to keeping B.used to keep
C.was used to keeping D.got used to keep
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我年轻的时候,常常保存一个笔记本,在里面写了很多诗。
考查动词短语辨析。used to do sth过去常常做某事;be used to doing sth习惯于做某事;get used to doing sth变得习惯于做某事。根据“When I was young”可知,是说过去的情况,故选B。
6.In the past, student ________ to play outside more often.
A.use B.used C.were used D.were using me
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在过去,学生们常常在外面玩。
考查动词短语。use使用,动词原形;used使用,过去式或过去分词,used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”;were used被用来,一般过去时的被动语态;were using me正在使用我,过去进行时。根据“In the past”可知此处讲述过去的事情,句子应用一般过去时,排除A;根据“to play outside more often”可知此处讲述以前的学生们更常在外面玩耍,现在已不再,用used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”。故选B。
7.—Some people don’t show their talents (天赋) at the very beginning.
—Exactly. Even Einstein ________ read until he was seven.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.couldn’t D.needn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——有些人一开始就没有表现出他们的天赋。——没错。即使是爱因斯坦也直到七岁才识字。
考查情态动词和时态。mustn’t禁止;can’t不能;couldn’t不能;needn’t不需要。根据“read”可知,此处表示能力,应用can’t或couldn’t,排除AC;根据“he was seven”可知,是一般过去时,故选C。
8.—It ________ all day yesterday.
—Yes. It often ________ here in summer.
A.rained; rains B.rains; rained C.rained; rained D.rains; rains
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——昨天下了一整天的雨。——是的。这里夏天经常下雨。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知,第一空填动词过去式rained;根据“It often”可知,第二空为一般现在时,动词填三单形式rains。故选A。
9.There ________ a football match between our class and Class Seven tomorrow.
A.will have B.will be C.are D.is
【答案】B
【详解】句意:明天我们班和七班之间将会有一场足球比赛。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。there be句型表示“某地有某物”,其一般将来时结构为“there will be”或“there is/are going to be”。根据“tomorrow”可知,此处应用there will be。故选B。
10.It ________ my sister’s birthday tomorrow. She ________ a party.
A.will have; is going to be B.will be; is going to have
C.is going to be; will have D.will be; is having
【答案】B
【详解】句意:明天是我妹妹的生日。她要举办一个聚会。
考查动词辨析和一般将来时。be是;have有;will表示未来会发生的事情;be going to表示计划发生的事情。根据“It...my sister’s birthday tomorrow.”可知,第一处缺少be动词作谓语,无计划含义,用will be;根据“She...a party.”可知,第二处是have a party短语,意为“举办聚会”,表示计划,用be going to have。故选B。
11.I wonder if he ________ to Nantong for Jiangsu Football City League (江苏省城市足球联赛) next Sunday. If he ________, please tell me.
A.will go, do B.go, will do C.will go, does D.goes, will do
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我想知道他下周日是否会去南通看江苏省城市足球联赛。如果他去,请告诉我。
第一句中“if”表示“是否”,引导宾语从句,有“next Sunday”表示将来,故用will go;第二句中“if”表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,主句为祈使句,从句用一般现在时表示将来,主语“he”为第三人称单数,故用does。
12.The weather ________ cloudy now, but it ________ sunny this afternoon.
A.is; will be B.are; is C.will be; is D.are; will be
【答案】A
【详解】句意:现在天气多云,但今天下午将是晴朗的。
根据now可知第一空描述现在状态,用一般现在时,主语The weather是单数,be动词用is;根据“this afternoon”可知,第二空表示将来预测,应用一般将来时will be。
13.Thirty years ago, Zhang Hong ________ a dancer, now he ________ an engineer, and next year he ________ be retired.
A.is, is, is B.was, is, / C.was, was, is D.was, is, will
【答案】D
【详解】句意:三十年前,张宏是一名舞者,现在他是一名工程师,明年他将退休。
is是;was是;will将。根据时间状语“Thirty years ago”可知第一空应用was;根据“now”可知第二空应用is;根据“next year”可知第三空应用will。
14.—Do you know when Uncle Wang ________ us?
—Tomorrow morning. I’ll meet him when he ________ at the station.
A.visits; arrives B.will visit; will arrive
C.will visit; arrives D.visits; will arrive
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你知道王叔叔什么时候将拜访我们吗?——明天早上。他到达车站时我将去接他。
第一空when引导宾语从句,根据答语“Tomorrow morning”可知动作发生在将来,用一般将来时will visit;第二空when引导时间状语从句,主句I’ll meet him是一般将来时,从句需用一般现在时表将来,主语he是第三人称单数,动词用arrives。
15.We ________ a fun run this weekend. I think I ________ a lot of messages tomorrow, but I’m not sure.
A.are organizing; am going to receive B.organize; am going to receive
C.are organizing; will receive D.organize; will receive
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这周末我们要组织一场趣味赛跑。我觉得明天会收到很多消息,但我不确定。
根据“this weekend”可知用现在进行时表将来,第一空填are organizing;“tomorrow”“but I’m not sure”表临时推测,应用一般将来时will do结构,应填will receive。
综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟)
1.I don’t know what the weather ________ tomorrow.
A.will be B.will like C.will be like D.is like
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我不知道明天天气会怎么样。
考查宾语从句的时态。询问天气用“what’s the weather like?”结构;“what the weather ... tomorrow”是宾语从句,主句为一般现在时,从句时态不受限制,tomorrow表明是一般将来时,所以是will be like。故选C。
2.— Mum, I’m wondering when we ________ a family trip. We haven’t gone travelling for nearly two years.
—I’m afraid we have to wait until the virus ________ completely some day.
A.will take; will disappear B.will take; disappears
C.take; will disappear D.take; disappears
【答案】B
【详解】——妈妈,我正在琢磨我们什么时候将进行一个家庭旅游。我们近两年都没有去旅游了。——恐怕我们必须等直到某一天病毒完全消失。
考查宾语从句和时间状语从句的时态。根据“wondering”可知其后为宾语从句,而由语境可知应用一般将来时;根据“until”可知其引导时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”的原则,从句应用一般现在时;语virus为第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式。故选B。
3.I hope you ________to me again.
A.to write B.will write C.wrote D.writing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我希望你能再给我写信。
考查时态。分析句子“I hope you....to me again.”可知,hope后是省略了引导词that的宾语从句,主句时态是一般现在时,所以从句时态不受限制;结合从句“again”可知,此处用一般将来时(will do),故选B。
4.— Excuse me! You can’t take photos in the museum. Look at the sign. It says “NO PHOTOS”.
— Sorry, I ________ see the sign and I ________ do it again.
A.didn’t; don’t B.didn’t; won’t C.don’t; won’t D.don’t; didn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——打扰一下!你不能在博物馆里拍照。看这个标志。上面写着“禁止拍照”。——对不起,我没有看到标志,我不会再这样做了。
考查时态。根据“Sorry, I…see the sign and I…do it again.”可知,刚才没看见标志,现在看见了,之后不会拍照了,因此第一空用一般过去时,助动词用didn’t,第二空用一般将来时,助动词用won’t。故选B。
5.China will see over 40 space launches (航天发射) in 2022, and the country _________ building its space station (空间站) this year.
A.finishes B.finished C.will finish D.are going to finish
【答案】C
【详解】句意:中国将在2022年进行40多次航天发射,国家今年将完成空间站的建设。
考查动词时态。根据“China will see over 40 space launches (航天发射) in 2022”可知,时态为一般将来时,结构为will+动词原形/be going to+动词原形;主语为“the country”,be要用is,排除D。故选C。
6.Lily ________ her shoes, but she didn’t ________ them.
A.looked for; find B.found; look for
C.looked; found out D.found out; looked for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:莉莉寻找她的鞋子,但是她没有找到它们。
look for寻找,侧重寻找的动作,find找到,侧重找的结果,find out查明,侧重查明真相。根据句意,第一空描述寻找的过程,且时态为一般过去时,用looked for;第二空位于助动词didn’t之后,需用动词原形,且描述未找到这一结果,用find。
7.The girl ______ Betty ______ on the stairs and broke her ankle. We all ______ sorry for her.
A.called; fell; felt B.named; felt; fell C.is called; fell; felt D.is named; felt; fell
【答案】A
【详解】句意:那个叫贝蒂的女孩在楼梯上摔倒并摔断了脚踝。我们都为她感到难过。
called被叫做;named被叫做;is called被叫做;is named被叫做;fell摔倒;felt感到。第一空修饰The girl,作后置定语,应用过去分词called或named;第二空与broke并列,表示“摔倒”,应用fall的过去式fell;第三空表示“感到”难过,应用feel的过去式felt。
8.The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are used to ________ them through PPTs.
A.write; showing B.writing; show C.write; show D.writing; showing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:老师们过去常常在黑板上写重点,但现在他们习惯通过PPT展示重点。
考查固定搭配的辨析。used to do表示“过去常常做某事”,后接动词原形;be used to doing表示“习惯于做某事”,后接动名词。第一空表示“过去写”,用write;第二空表示“现在习惯展示”,用showing。故选A。
9.On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________ them on the plate.
A.laid B.lay C.lain D.lays
【答案】A
【详解】句意:端午节那天,我妈妈做了美味的粽子,然后把它们摆放在盘子里。
考查动词时态及词义辨析。laid放置(lay的过去式);lay躺(过去式)/放置(原形);lain躺(lie的过去分词);lays放置(第三人称单数形式)。根据“cooked”可知,句子是一般过去时,此处需用“放置”的过去式laid。故选A。
10.It was warm and sunny and the bird ______ down and began to ______ eggs.
A.lied; lay B.lay; laid C.lay; lay D.lay; lie
【答案】C
【详解】句意:天气温暖晴朗,鸟儿躺下开始下蛋。
考查动词辨析和动词形式。lied撒谎,过去式;lay放置,下蛋,动词原形/躺,过去式;laid放置,下蛋,过去式/过去分词;lie撒谎,躺,位于,动词原形。第一空根据“was”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,结合lie down为固定搭配,应填过去式lay,表示“躺下”;第二空根据“begin to do sth”结构可知,空出用动词原形,表示“下蛋”。故选C。
11.Just now a little boy ________ on the ground and ________ to others, “A cock laid an egg.”
A.lied; laid B.lay; lied C.laid; lied D.lay; laid
【答案】B
【详解】句意:刚才,一个小男孩躺在地上对别人撒谎说:“一只公鸡下了一个蛋。”
考查动词的用法。lie意为“躺”时,过去式是lay;lie意为“撒谎”时,过去式是lied;lay“下蛋”,过去式是laid。第一空,根据“on the ground”可知,此处指躺在地上,应用lay;第二空,根据“A cock laid an egg.”可知,公鸡不会下蛋,所以小男孩说谎了,因此第二空应用lied。故选B。
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