Unit 1 语法讲练--被动语态的讲解和综合练习2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

本初中英语讲义聚焦一般现在时与一般将来时被动语态，从语态概念（主动与被动的主语关系）切入，通过表格梳理两种时态被动结构（一般现在时“am/is/are+过去分词”、一般将来时“will/be going to+be+过去分词”），再结合运用场景（强调承受者等）及主动变被动步骤（找主宾、换位置、变be done），构建完整学习支架。 资料以对比表格呈现时态结构与例句，搭配改写、填空、改错等多样化练习及答案，助力学生理解被动语态逻辑。通过分析主动被动转换提升思维品质，强化语言运用能力，培养自主学习习惯。课中辅助教师系统教学，课后帮助学生自查巩固，弥补知识盲点。

一般现在时&一般将来时被动语态讲解 1、 被动语态的概念 语态是动词的一种形式,用于说明主语和谓语之间的具体关系。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 ①主动语态的句子中, 主语是动作的执行者。 ②被动语态的句子中, 主语是动作的承受者。 eg. He opens the door.他把门打开了。 (主动语态,主语He是动作opens的执行者) The door is opened by him.这扇门被他打开了。 (被动语态,主语door是动作opens的承受者，此外，by+动作执行者) 二、被动语态的结构 被动语态一般由“be动词+动词的 +(by+动作执行者)”构成,其中be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。 时态 被动语态的句式 例句 一般现在时 主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词+其他. This song is loved by many young people. 这首歌被很多年轻人喜爱。 一般将来时 主语+will/be going to+be+动词过去分词+其他. The new film will/is going to be shown next Thursday. 这部新电影将在下周四上映。 三、被动语态的运用 一般来说,在下面几种情况中会用到被动语态: (1) 需要强调动作的承受者时。 The new student is welcomed by the whole class. 新同学受到全班的欢迎。 (2) 不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 Electricity is used to work machines.电被用来开动机器。 (3)为礼貌起见,避免提及动作的执行者时。 I am told not to make a noise.有人告诉我不要吵闹。 (4)当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时。Look! The street is covered with snow。看!街上都是雪。 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 1.找主宾：找到主语和宾语 2.换位置：把主语和宾语互换位置 ①主语变宾语，主格变宾格，前面+by ②宾语变主语，宾格变主格 3.把动词变成be done: ①时态：和主动句的时态一致 ②数：根据被动句的主语确定be动词的单复数 例子： 主动：We clean the classroom every day. 被动：The classroom __________ __________ by __________ every day. 被动语态语法精练 （1）按照要求完成句子 1.This story is told by our English teacher. 否定句：This story our English teacher. 一般疑问句： ? 肯定回答：Yes, 否定回答：No, 2.They are invited to the party. 否定句：They to the party. 一般疑问句： ? 肯定回答：Yes, 否定回答：No, 3. People grow tea in Hangzhou. (改为被动句) Tea ___________ ___________ by people in Hangzhou. 4.The concert will raise money for local charities. (改为被动语态) Money will __________ __________ by the concert for local charities. 5.Are you going to finish your homework this afternoon? (用被动语态改写) _______ your homework _______ _______ _______ _______ this afternoon? 6. Football is played by many people around the world. (改为主动语态) Many people _________ _________ around the world. （2）用合适的语态填空 1．Paper ______________ (make) from wood. 2．Many trees (plant) in the garden every spring. 3．—Do you think AI can completely take teachers’ jobs in the future? —No, much work is done by AI, but teachers’ care can never (replace). 4．We are (allow) to keep the books for a month. 5．He will finish the homework if he (give) another 1 hour this afternoon. 6．You are (suppose) to study and work hard. 7．In our class, every student (ask) to play by the class rules. 8．Italian and English (speak) in Italy. 9．Letters and postcards (bring) to people by the postman. 10．These boxes ______________ (carry) to the room every morning. （3）改错 1. Bread is make every morning. ________________ 2. The game will be hold tomorrow. ________________ 3. Books will put on the shelf tomorrow. ________________ 4. A new park will build next year. ________________ 5. These pens is sold here. ________________ 参考答案 (1) 按照要求完成句子 1. isn’t told; Is this story told by our English teacher? Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t. 2. aren’t invited; Are they invited to the party? Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t. 3.is grown 4.be raised 5.Is; going to be finished 6.play football (2)用合适的语态填空 1. is made 2.are planted 3.be replaced 4.allowed 5.is given 6. supposed 7. is asked 8.are spoken 9.are brought 10.are carried (3)改错 1. make → made 2. hold → held 3. will put → will be put 4. will build → will be built 5. is → are 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $