Unit 5 Nature’s Temper期末复习资料2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

八年级下册 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 最全期末复习资料（单词+短语+句型+语法+全套习题） 前言 本资料整合单元必考单词、词性转换、重点短语、必背句型、语法精讲、语法聚焦、基础填词、情态动词专项、句型转换、单选、两篇阅读理解，全覆盖本单元考点，适合背诵、刷题、期末复习。 一、单元主题与学习目标 1. 单元主题：极端天气、自然灾害、风暴、台风、龙卷风，描述过去突发天气事件的场景 1. 核心语法：过去进行时；when / while 引导的时间状语从句 1. 学习目标：能够准确描述过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，区分 when 和 while 的用法，熟练完成句型转换、合并句子、短文填空和写作场景描写。 二、单元核心词汇（单词附音标、词性、释义） 1. temper /ˈtempə(r)/ n. 脾气；（自然、天气的）狂暴 2. snow /snəʊ/ v. 下雪 n. 雪 3. travel /ˈtrævl/ v. 行进；旅行 4. typhoon /taɪˈfuːn/ n. 台风 5. hit /hɪt/ v. 袭击；击打 6. read /riːd/ v. 阅读 7. drive /draɪv/ v. 驾驶 8. rain /reɪn/ v. 下雨 n. 雨水 9. power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 电力；电源 10. warn /wɔːn/ v. 警告；提醒 11. storm /stɔːm/ n. 暴风雨 12. pack /pæk/ v. 收拾；打包 13. sleep /sliːp/ v. 睡觉 14. beat /biːt/ v. 拍打；猛烈击打 15. hide /haɪd/ v. 躲藏 16. tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ n. 龙卷风 17. clear /klɪə(r)/ v. 清理；清扫 三、词型转换 1. snow → snowy (adj. 下雪的) 2. rain → rainy (adj. 下雨的) 3. drive → driving (现在分词) 4. hit → hit (过去式/过去分词) 5. warn → warning (n. 警告) 6. beat → beat (过去式) → beaten (过去分词) 7. hide → hid (过去式) → hidden (过去分词) 8. clear → clearly (adv. 清楚地) 四、单元核心必背短语 1. snow heavily 下大雪 2. travel on the train 坐火车行进 3. drive home 开车回家 4. strong winds 强风 5. the power went out 停电 6. warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 7. pack the supplies 收拾物资 8. rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨 9. beat against the window 拍打窗户 10. hide from the storm 躲避暴风雨 11. clear the streets 清理街道 五、单元重点必背句型 1. What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? 2. 下大雪的时候你正在做什么？ 3. I was travelling on the train then. 4. 那时我正在火车上行进。 5. What were your family doing when the typhoon hit? 6. 台风来袭时你的家人正在做什么？ 7. We were driving home when the strong winds started. 8. 大风来临的时候我们正开车回家。 9. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. 10. 我们开车回家途中，大风突然来袭。 六、核心语法精讲 一、过去进行时（重点必考） 1. 定义 表示过去某个具体时刻、时间段正在进行的动作。 强调“当时正在做”，不强调动作做完。 2. 完整结构 1. 肯定：主语 + was/were + doing 2. 否定：主语 + was/were + not + doing 3. 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + doing …? 3. 用法场景 1. 过去具体时间点正在做：at 8:00 last night 2. 过去一段持续时间一直在做 3. 故事、记叙文场景描写（本单元写作核心） 4. be动词规则 1. 单数 I/he/she/it/单名 → was 2. 复数 you/we/they/复名 → were 5. 动词ing变化规则 1. 一般直接加 ing：read→reading 2. 去e加ing：drive→driving 3. 双写尾字母：sit→sitting、stop→stopping 二、when 的详细用法（考试高频） 1. 含义：当……时候 2. 可接两种动作 接短暂动作（一般过去时）：突然发生的动作 接延续动作（过去进行时）：正在进行的动作 3. 万能必考句型 4. 过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时（正在做某事，突然发生另一件事） 例：I was walking home when it rained suddenly. 5. 特点：when 既可以接长动作，也可以接短动作，最灵活。 三、while 的详细用法（考试最易错） 1. 含义：在……期间 2. 硬性规则（必考考点） while 后面只能接延续性动作 + 过去进行时 3. 两大经典句式 while + 过去进行时，过去进行时。两个动作同时持续进行 例：While I was reading, my sister was sleeping. while + 过去进行时，一般过去时。长动作进行中，短动作突然发生 4. 绝对不能用while的情况 while 不可以接短暂动作：hit、land、start、call、arrive ❌ while the typhoon hit（错） ✅ when the typhoon hit（对） 四、终极区别总结（背诵版） 1. when = 长短动作都可以接 2. while = 只接长动作（进行时） 3. 短动作突发用 when 4. 两动作同时进行多用 while 七、Grammar Focus 语法聚焦 （1）4A 课本原句+翻译+语法解析 1. What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? I was travelling on the train then. 翻译：下大雪的时候你在干什么？我当时正在火车上行进。 语法点：while 引导延续动作，前后均为过去进行时，表同步进行。 2. What were your family doing when the typhoon hit? My children and I were reading together. 翻译：台风来袭时你的家人在做什么？我和孩子们正在看书。 语法点：when 接短暂动作 hit，主句用过去进行时。 3. When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner. 翻译：邻居打电话时，我们一家人正在吃晚饭。 语法点：短动作突然打断长动作。 4. We were driving home when the strong winds started. 翻译：大风开始时，我们正开车回家。 5. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. 翻译：我们开车回家的过程中，大风突然来袭。 6. It was raining hard while we were driving back. 翻译：我们返程途中雨下得很大。 （2）4B 课本原题 题目要求：用 when 或 while 连接每组句子 1. 原句：I did my homework. The typhoon landed on the coast. 组合句：I was doing my homework when the typhoon landed on the coast. 2. 原句：The power went out. My father and I made dinner. 组合句：My father and I were making dinner when the power went out. 3. 原句：Kate wrote a letter. Her brother called to warn her of the storm. 组合句：Kate was writing a letter when her brother called to warn her of the storm. 4. 原句：My parents packed the supplies. I moved our things off the floor. 组合句：While my parents were packing the supplies, I was moving our things off the floor. 5. 原句：I slept soundly. It rained cats and dogs. 组合句：I was sleeping soundly while it was raining cats and dogs. （3）4C 课本原题 题目要求：用 was, were, when 或 while 完成下面短文 When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain was beating against their roof. “Quick, this way,” said Dad. The family ran to the safe room at once. While they were waiting, Jenny's little sister started to cry. Dad gave her some chocolate and told her that they were hiding from an angry lion. Soon, she was laughing again. At last, the storm passed. When they stepped outside, they found the sun shining. People were asking one another if they were safe while some were starting to clear the streets. Jenny smiled. The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together. 全文翻译 珍妮抬头一看，天空中乌云密布，雨水正猛烈拍打着屋顶。 “快，这边！”爸爸说。 一家人立刻跑进安全屋。在他们等待的时候，珍妮的小妹妹开始哭了。爸爸给了她一些巧克力，告诉她他们正在躲避一头发怒的狮子。很快，她又笑了起来。 终于，暴风雨过去了。当他们走出屋外时，阳光正好。人们互相询问是否安全，同时有些人正在清理街道。珍妮笑了。龙卷风很可怕，但它也让大家变得更加亲近。 八、单元写作指导 写作主题：A terrible storm I experienced（一次暴风雨经历） 写作万能模板 1. 开头：交代时间、天气变化 1. 中间：大量使用 过去进行时 + when/while 描写场景（本单元得分亮点） 1. 结尾：结果、感受、收获 高分范文 Last summer, I experienced a terrible storm. It was dark outside. I was doing my homework in my room when the wind started to blow strongly. While my mom was cooking dinner, the power suddenly went out. My dad was closing the windows when the heavy rain began to beat against them. Although the storm was scary, my family stayed calm. We talked together and waited patiently. When the storm finally passed, everything became quiet again. This experience taught me to stay brave in bad situations. 九、单元配套练习题 一、基础题型（单词适当形式填空） 1. I ________ (read) books at 8:00 last night. 2. While they ________ (play) basketball, it began to rain. 3. What ________ you ________ (do) when the typhoon came? 4. She ________ (not sleep) when the storm hit. 5. My parents ________ (clean) the house while I was doing homework. 二、语法专项巩固10题（新增必练10道核心题） 1. I _______ TV when my teacher called me. A. watch B. watched C. was watching 2. _______ I was walking to school, I saw a big tree fall down. A. When B. While C. Before 3. He was sleeping _______ the fire broke out. A. while B. when C. as 4. While my father _______, my mother was washing clothes. A. reads B. read C. was reading 5. They _______ football at that time yesterday. A. play B. played C. were playing 6. When the rainstorm came, we _______ home. A. drove B. were driving C. drive 7. _______ the girl was crying, her brother came to comfort her. A. While B. When C. If 8. Was your brother _______ computer games at 9 last night? A. play B. playing C. plays 9. I was walking along the road _______ I met my old friend. A. while B. when C. after 10. While they _______ for the bus, it started to rain heavily. A. wait B. waited C. were waiting 三、句型转换 1. I was studying English at 7:00 yesterday evening.（改为一般疑问句） _______ you _______ English at 7:00 yesterday evening? 2. They were playing outside when it rained.（对划线提问） _______ were they _______ when it rained? 3. My mom was cooking. The power went out.（用when合并句子） My mom _______ cooking _______ the power went out. 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 Last Saturday, a heavy storm came to our city. At that time, I was staying at home with my family. At 7 p.m., I was doing my homework. My father was reading newspapers in the living room. My mother was washing dishes in the kitchen. Suddenly, the lights went out. The wind was blowing strongly and the rain was beating against the windows. We felt a little scared, but we stayed calm. We talked with each other and waited for the power to return. After two hours, the storm stopped and the lights came back. It was a special experience for me. ( ) 1. What was the writer doing when the storm came? A. He was reading. B. He was doing homework. C. He was sleeping. ( ) 2. What happened suddenly? A. The rain stopped. B. The power went out. C. They went out. ( ) 3. How did the family feel? A. Scared but calm. B. Very excited. C. Very worried. Passage 2 Typhoons usually come in summer. When a typhoon arrives, the wind blows hard and it rains heavily. People need to stay indoors and stay away from windows. Last summer, a strong typhoon hit our town. When the typhoon came, my father was closing the windows. My mother was moving flowers inside. I was helping my little sister stay safe. During the typhoon, we stayed together. After it passed, people worked together to clean the streets. The typhoon was terrible, but it taught me the importance of family and teamwork. ( ) 1. When do typhoons usually come? A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. ( ) 2. What was the writer’s father doing? A. Closing windows. B. Moving flowers. C. Cleaning streets. ( ) 3. What did people do after the typhoon? A. They stayed at home. B. They cleaned the streets. C. They planted trees. 十、练习题参考答案 一、单词适当形式填空 1. was reading 2. were playing 3. were; doing 4. wasn’t sleeping 5. were cleaning 二、语法专项10题答案 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 三、句型转换 1. Were; studying 2. What; doing 3. was; when 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 1. B 2. B 3. A Passage 2 1. B 2. A 3. B 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $