八上预习作业09 祈使句与建议表达（新知精练）-2026年新八年级英语暑假预习作业（新教材译林版）

**基本信息** 以“概念-结构-运用-易错”为逻辑链，系统整合祈使句5种结构与建议表达4种句型，通过梯度训练提升语言运用能力与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础理论|祈使句5类/建议4句型|语气强弱排序（had better>should>Why not/What about）；命令禁止用祈使句|从概念定义到结构分类，再到场景运用，形成“识别-选择-正确表达”逻辑链| |实战巩固|单选10/完成句10/完形10/阅读4篇/首字母10|易错点专项突破（如否定漏be动词、had better后不加to等）|通过基础题夯实结构，语境题（DIY俱乐部/实验室规则）强化运用，综合题提升迁移能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业09 祈使句与建议表达 一、祈使句 1. 基本概念：用于表达命令、请求、警告、建议、禁止等，主语 you 通常省略。 2. 完整结构： 1) 肯定式：动词原形 + 其他 教材原句：Cut the paper with scissors. 2) 否定式：Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 教材原句：Don't play with knives. 3) 委婉式：Please + 动词原形 + 其他 例：Please pass me the glue. 4) Let's 型：Let's + 动词原形 + 其他 教材原句：Let's make a paper rose together. 5) No 型：No + 名词 / 动名词（表示禁止） 例：No smoking.；No photos. 二、建议表达 1. should (not) + 动词原形：应该（不应该），语气较委婉 教材原句：You should read the instructions first. 2. had better (not) + 动词原形：最好（不），语气较强 教材原句：You had better not touch the wet paint. 3. Why not + 动词原形？：为什么不……?，语气较随意 例：Why not join a DIY club? 4. What/How about + doing sth.?：…… 怎么样？ 例：What about making a shelf together? 三、运用方法 1. 表达命令、禁止用祈使句 2. 表达建议根据语气强弱选择不同的句型：had better > should > Why not/What about 四、易错易混概念 1. 祈使句否定漏加 be： 错误 Don't late. → 正确 Don't be late. 2. had better 后加 to： 错误 You had better to go. → 正确 You had better go. 3. had better 否定位置错误： 错误 You had not better go. → 正确 You had better not go. 4. Let's/Let us 区别：Let's 包括说话人和听话人；Let us 不包括听话人 例：Let's go to the park.（我们一起去）；Let us go, please.（请让我们走） 5. Why not 后加 doing： 错误 Why not going? → 正确 Why not go? 实战巩固·基础过关 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I'm really tired these days because of too much homework. —______ have a good rest and listen to some light music? A. Why don't B. Why not C. What about D. Let's 2. ______ touch the exhibits (展品) in the museum. It's against the rules. A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Please 3. You ______ swim in this river alone. It's very dangerous. A. had better not B. had not better C. should D. why not 4. —______ join the school photography club? I know you love taking photos. —That sounds great! A. Let's B. What about C. Why not D. You had better 5. ______ your hands before meals. It's a good habit. A. Wash B. Washes C. Washing D. To wash 6. —It's raining heavily outside. —______ take an umbrella with you? A. Why not you B. Why don't you C. What about D. Let's 7. ______ parking here! You will get a ticket (罚单). A. Don't B. No C. Not D. Please not 8. You ______ read the instructions carefully before you use the new robot. A. had better B. had better not C. why not D. what about 9. —Let us go to the library to borrow some books, Miss Wang? —OK, but ______ be back before 5 o'clock. A. don't B. you had better not C. please D. no 10. —What about ______ a model plane with us this afternoon? —I'd love to, but I have to finish my report first. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 二、完成句子： 根据所给提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. 请把你的字典递给我。 ______ ______ your dictionary, please. 2. 你最好不要在教室里大声说话。 You ______ ______ ______ speak loudly in the classroom. 3. 为什么不尝试做一个纸飞机呢？ ______ ______ ______ ______ a paper plane? 4. 不要在阅览室里吃东西。 ______ ______ in the reading room. 5. 我们一起去看电影吧。 ______ ______ go to the cinema together. 6. 你应该每天锻炼半小时。 You ______ ______ for half an hour every day. 7. 禁止拍照！ ______ ______! 8. 喝杯茶怎么样？ ______ ______ ______ a cup of tea? 9. 不要迟到，否则老师会生气的。 ______ ______ late, or the teacher will be angry. 10. 我们去公园放风筝好吗？ ______ ______ fly kites in the park? 实战巩固·能力进阶 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our School DIY Club Welcome to our school DIY club! DIY is very popular these days. It means "do it yourself". When you do DIY, you make, repair or decorate things yourself 1 paying someone to do it for you. Here are some 2 for you if you want to join our club: First, 3 on time for every meeting. We usually meet every Friday afternoon in Room 305. Second, 4 your own tools (工具) if you have them. But don't bring sharp knives to school. Third, 5 careful when you use the tools. Safety comes first. Fourth, 6 waste materials. We should try to reuse old things. If you are new to DIY, don't worry. Our teacher Mr. Li will give you some advice. He says you 7 start with something easy, like making a card or a paper flower. You 8 do something too difficult at first. 9 ask your classmates for help if you have problems. We are a team and we should help each other. 10 join us? I'm sure you will have a lot of fun and learn many useful skills. 1. A. instead of B. because of C. in front of D. think of 2. A. rules B. suggestions C. tools D. skills 3. A. come B. comes C. coming D. to come 4. A. take B. bring C. carry D. get 5. A. be B. is C. are D. being 6. A. don't B. not C. no D. please 7. A. had better B. had better not C. why not D. what about 8. A. should B. had better C. had better not D. why not 9. A. Let's B. Please C. Why not D. What about 10. A. Why not B. What about C. Let's D. You should 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A How to Make a Fruit Salad Fruit salad is a delicious and healthy dish. It's easy to make and it's perfect for summer. Here is a simple recipe (食谱) for you. Ingredients (原料): ✹2 apples ✹3 bananas ✹1 orange ✹1 cup of strawberries ✹Some honey (蜂蜜) Steps: ·Wash all the fruits carefully. ·Peel the bananas and the orange. ·Cut all the fruits into small pieces. ·Put the fruits into a big bowl. ·Add some honey and mix them together. Tips: ✭Don't cut the fruits too early. They will go bad quickly. ✭You had better use fresh fruits. They taste better. ✭Why not add some yogurt? It will make the salad more delicious. ✭What about putting the salad in the fridge for 10 minutes before eating? It will be more refreshing (清爽的). 1. How many kinds of fruits are mentioned in the recipe? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. What should you do first when making fruit salad? A. Peel the fruits. B. Cut the fruits. C. Wash the fruits. D. Add some honey. 3. According to the tips, you had better ______. A. cut the fruits early B. use fresh fruits C. add some sugar D. eat the salad at once 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the tips? A. Adding some yogurt. B. Putting the salad in the fridge. C. Using honey. D. Cutting the fruits into small pieces. 5. What is the main idea of this passage? A. How to make a fruit salad. B. The benefits of eating fruits. C. How to choose fresh fruits. D. Different kinds of fruit salads. B Safety Rules for the Science Lab Welcome to the school science lab! Here you can do interesting experiments (实验). But you must follow these rules to keep safe. 1. Before the experiment: ·Read all the instructions carefully. ·You should wear a lab coat and safety glasses. ·Tie back your long hair. ·Don't bring any food or drinks into the lab. 2. During the experiment: ❆Listen to your teacher carefully. ❆Be careful with chemicals (化学药品). Don't touch them with your hands. ❆Don't run or play in the lab. ❆If you break something, tell your teacher at once. 3. After the experiment: ✱Clean your desk. ✱Put all the tools back in their places. ✱Wash your hands with soap. ✱Don't take anything out of the lab without your teacher's permission (允许). Remember: Safety is the most important thing. If you have any questions, please ask your teacher for help. 1. What should you wear when doing experiments in the lab? A. A T-shirt. B. A lab coat and safety glasses. C. A hat. D. Gloves. 2. What can you bring into the lab? A. Food. B. Drinks. C. Schoolbags. D. Nothing mentioned above. 3. If you break something during the experiment, you should ______. A. hide it B. tell your teacher at once C. throw it away D. ask your classmates to help you fix it 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. You can run in the lab if you are in a hurry. B. You can touch chemicals with your hands if you are careful. C. You should wash your hands after the experiment. D. You can take some chemicals home to do experiments. 5. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To introduce some interesting experiments. B. To tell students how to do experiments well. C. To tell students the safety rules in the science lab. D. To show students how to clean the lab. C Advice for a Healthy Lifestyle Nowadays, many students have bad living habits. They spend too much time on their phones and computers. They don't have enough sleep and they eat too much junk food. These bad habits are bad for their health. Here is some advice for you to live a healthy life. First, you should have a good eating habit. Eat more vegetables and fruits. Don't eat too much junk food like hamburgers and chips. You had better drink more water instead of cola and other sweet drinks. Second, you should take enough exercise. Why not walk or ride a bike to school? It's good for your health and it's also good for the environment. You can also join a sports club, like the basketball club or the swimming club. Third, you should have enough sleep. You need to sleep for about 8 to 9 hours every night. Don't stay up late playing computer games. It's bad for your eyes and your body. Fourth, you should learn to relax. What about listening to music or reading a book when you are tired? You can also talk with your friends or parents about your problems. If you follow these suggestions, you will be healthier and happier. 1. How many pieces of advice are mentioned in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. According to the passage, what should you drink more? A. Cola. B. Sweet drinks. C. Water. D. Coffee. 3. Which of the following is NOT a good way to relax? A. Listening to music. B. Reading a book. C. Talking with friends. D. Playing computer games late at night. 4. We can infer from the passage that ______. A. all students have bad living habits B. walking to school is good for both health and the environment C. students need to sleep for about 7 hours every night D. junk food is delicious and good for health 5. What is the best title for this passage? A. How to Keep Healthy B. Bad Living Habits C. The Importance of Exercise D. How to Relax D Our School Project: Planting Trees Last month, our class started a new project—planting trees in the schoolyard. Our teacher said that trees are very important for the environment. They can make the air clean and cool. They also provide homes for birds and other animals. Here is what we did: First, our teacher divided us into 6 groups. Each group had to plant 3 trees. Second, we chose the right place to plant the trees. We needed a place with enough sunlight. Third, we dug holes (挖坑) for the trees. The holes should be big enough for the roots (根). Fourth, we put the trees into the holes and filled the holes with soil (土壤). Fifth, we watered the trees well. Our teacher gave us some advice: ·You should water the trees every two days. ·You had better not step on the soil around the trees. ·Why not put up a sign next to each tree to tell people to protect them? ·What about making a record of how the trees grow? Now the trees are growing well. We are very happy to see them. We hope they will grow into big trees one day. 1. How many trees did the class plant in total? A. 3. B. 6. C. 18. D. 24. 2. What kind of place did they choose to plant the trees? A. A place with enough water. B. A place with enough sunlight. C. A place near the river. D. A place near the classroom. 3. According to the teacher's advice, they should ______. A. water the trees every day B. step on the soil around the trees C. put up signs next to the trees D. not make a record of the trees' growth 4. Which of the following is the correct order of planting trees? a. Water the trees. b. Dig holes. c. Put the trees into the holes. d. Fill the holes with soil. e. Choose the right place. A. e-b-c-d-a B. e-b-d-c-a C. b-e-c-d-a D. b-e-d-c-a 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. Trees are bad for the environment. B. Planting trees is very easy. C. The students learned a lot from the project. D. The trees will grow into big trees in one year. 实战巩固·拓展培优 一、首字母填空： 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 How to Plan a Birthday Party Planning a birthday party can be fun but also a little difficult. Here is some a 1 for you to plan a great birthday party. First, decide the time and place of the party. You had b 2 choose a weekend so that most of your friends can come. You can have the party at home or in a park. Second, make a list of your guests (客人). D 3 forget to invite your best friends. Third, prepare the food and drinks. You should buy some snacks, cakes and drinks. W 4 not make some cookies by yourself? Your friends will love them. Fourth, plan some games. What a 5 playing "musical chairs" or "truth or dare"? They are very interesting. Fifth, decorate (装饰) the room. You can use balloons and colorful paper. P 6 put some flowers on the table. They will make the room more beautiful. On the day of the party, c 7 early and get everything ready. G 8 your friends warmly when they arrive. Don't worry too much. Just e 9 yourself with your friends. I hope you will have a w 10 birthday party! 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业09 祈使句与建议表达 知识复盘 一、祈使句 1. 基本概念：用于表达命令、请求、警告、建议、禁止等，主语 you 通常省略。 2. 完整结构： 1) 肯定式：动词原形 + 其他 教材原句：Cut the paper with scissors. 2) 否定式：Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 教材原句：Don't play with knives. 3) 委婉式：Please + 动词原形 + 其他 例：Please pass me the glue. 4) Let's 型：Let's + 动词原形 + 其他 教材原句：Let's make a paper rose together. 5) No 型：No + 名词 / 动名词（表示禁止） 例：No smoking.；No photos. 二、建议表达 1. should (not) + 动词原形：应该（不应该），语气较委婉 教材原句：You should read the instructions first. 2. had better (not) + 动词原形：最好（不），语气较强 教材原句：You had better not touch the wet paint. 3. Why not + 动词原形？：为什么不……?，语气较随意 例：Why not join a DIY club? 4. What/How about + doing sth.?：…… 怎么样？ 例：What about making a shelf together? 三、运用方法 1. 表达命令、禁止用祈使句 2. 表达建议根据语气强弱选择不同的句型：had better > should > Why not/What about 四、易错易混概念 1. 祈使句否定漏加 be： 错误 Don't late. → 正确 Don't be late. 2. had better 后加 to： 错误 You had better to go. → 正确 You had better go. 3. had better 否定位置错误： 错误 You had not better go. → 正确 You had better not go. 4. Let's/Let us 区别：Let's 包括说话人和听话人；Let us 不包括听话人 例：Let's go to the park.（我们一起去）；Let us go, please.（请让我们走） 5. Why not 后加 doing： 错误 Why not going? → 正确 Why not go? 实战巩固·基础过关 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I'm really tired these days because of too much homework. —______ have a good rest and listen to some light music? A. Why don't B. Why not C. What about D. Let's 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 这些天因为作业太多我真的很累。—— 为什么不好好休息一下，听听轻音乐呢？考查提建议句型。Why not 后直接接动词原形；Why don't 后需加主语 you；What about 后接动名词；Let's 后接动词原形但为陈述句。此处后接动词原形 have 且为疑问句，故选 B。 2. ______ touch the exhibits (展品) in the museum. It's against the rules. A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Please 【答案】B 【解析】句意：不要触摸博物馆里的展品，这违反规定。考查否定祈使句。否定祈使句的基本结构为 "Don't + 动词原形"；Not 不能直接接动词原形；No 后接动名词；Please 用于肯定祈使句。故选 B。 3. You ______ swim in this river alone. It's very dangerous. A. had better not B. had not better C. should D. why not 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你最好不要独自在这条河里游泳，非常危险。考查 had better 的用法。had better do sth. 意为 "最好做某事"，其否定形式为 had better not do sth.，B 选项结构错误；C、D 不符合 "危险" 的语境。故选 A。 4. —______ join the school photography club? I know you love taking photos. —That sounds great! A. Let's B. What about C. Why not D. You had better 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 为什么不加入学校摄影俱乐部呢？我知道你喜欢拍照。—— 听起来太棒了！考查提建议句型。Why not 后直接接动词原形 join；Let's 和 You had better 为陈述句，不符合疑问句形式；What about 后接动名词。故选 C。 5. ______ your hands before meals. It's a good habit. A. Wash B. Washes C. Washing D. To wash 【答案】A 【解析】句意：饭前洗手，这是个好习惯。考查肯定祈使句。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，表示命令、建议等。Washes 是第三人称单数形式，Washing 是动名词，To wash 是动词不定式，均不能单独构成祈使句。故选 A。 6. —It's raining heavily outside. —______ take an umbrella with you? A. Why not you B. Why don't you C. What about D. Let's 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 外面雨下得很大。—— 你为什么不带把伞呢？考查提建议句型。Why don't you 后接动词原形；Why not 后直接接动词原形，不能加 you；What about 后接动名词；Let's 为陈述句。故选 B。 7. ______ parking here! You will get a ticket (罚单). A. Don't B. No C. Not D. Please not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：此处禁止停车！你会被开罚单的。考查否定祈使句。"No + 动名词" 是表示禁止的常用结构，No parking 意为 "禁止停车"；Don't 后接动词原形；Not 和 Please not 结构错误。故选 B。 8. You ______ read the instructions carefully before you use the new robot. A. had better B. had better not C. why not D. what about 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你使用新机器人前最好仔细阅读说明书。考查 had better 的用法。had better do sth. 意为 "最好做某事"；had better not 意为 "最好不要"，不符合语境；why not 和 what about 用于提建议的疑问句，不能作谓语。故选 A。 9. —Let us go to the library to borrow some books, Miss Wang? —OK, but ______ be back before 5 o'clock. A. don't B. you had better not C. please D. no 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 王老师，让我们去图书馆借些书好吗？—— 好的，但请在 5 点前回来。考查祈使句的用法。此处为肯定祈使句，用 please 表示礼貌请求；don't 和 you had better not 表否定，不符合语境；no 后接动名词。故选 C。 10. —What about ______ a model plane with us this afternoon? —I'd love to, but I have to finish my report first. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 今天下午和我们一起做飞机模型怎么样？—— 我很想去，但我得先完成我的报告。考查 What about 的用法。What about 用于提建议，后接动名词形式。make 是动词原形，to make 是动词不定式，made 是过去式，均不符合。故选 C。 二、完成句子： 根据所给提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. 请把你的字典递给我。 ______ ______ your dictionary, please. 【答案】Pass me 【解析】句意：请把你的字典递给我。这是肯定祈使句，以动词原形开头。"pass sb. sth." 是固定搭配，意为 "把某物递给某人"。 2. 你最好不要在教室里大声说话。 You ______ ______ ______ speak loudly in the classroom. 【答案】had better not 【解析】句意：你最好不要在教室里大声说话。"had better not do sth." 是固定句型，意为 "最好不要做某事"，用于提出劝告。 3. 为什么不尝试做一个纸飞机呢？ ______ ______ ______ a paper plane? 【答案】Why not try making 【解析】句意：为什么不尝试做一个纸飞机呢？"Why not do sth.?" 是提建议的常用句型，意为 "为什么不做某事呢？"。"try doing sth." 表示 "尝试做某事"。 4. 不要在阅览室里吃东西。 ______ ______ in the reading room. 【答案】Don’t eat 【解析】句意：不要在阅览室里吃东西。这是否定祈使句，结构为 "Don't + 动词原形"，表示禁止或劝阻。 5. 我们一起去看电影吧。 ______ ______ go to the cinema together. 【答案】Let us 【解析】句意：我们一起去看电影吧。"Let's do sth." 是提建议的句型，意为 "让我们做某事吧"，包括说话人和听话人双方。 6. 你应该每天锻炼半小时。 You ______ ______ for half an hour every day. 【答案】should exercise 【解析】句意：你应该每天锻炼半小时。"should" 是情态动词，意为 "应该"，后接动词原形，用于提出建议或责任。 7. 禁止拍照！ ______ ______! 【答案】No photos 【解析】句意：禁止拍照！这是公共场所常见的警示语，"No + 名词复数" 是表示禁止的简洁形式。 8. 喝杯茶怎么样？ ______ ______ ______ a cup of tea? 【答案】What about having/How about having 【解析】句意：喝杯茶怎么样？"What about doing sth.?" 或 "How about doing sth.?" 是提建议的常用句型，意为 "做某事怎么样？"。 9. 不要迟到，否则老师会生气的。 ______ ______ late, or the teacher will be angry. 【答案】Don’t be 【解析】句意：不要迟到，否则老师会生气的。这是否定祈使句，"be late" 是固定搭配，意为 "迟到"。 10. 我们去公园放风筝好吗？ ______ ______ fly kites in the park? 【答案】Shall we 【解析】句意：我们去公园放风筝好吗？"Shall we do sth.?" 是提建议的句型，用于征求对方意见，主语通常是第一人称复数。 实战巩固·能力进阶 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our School DIY Club Welcome to our school DIY club! DIY is very popular these days. It means "do it yourself". When you do DIY, you make, repair or decorate things yourself 1 paying someone to do it for you. Here are some 2 for you if you want to join our club: First, 3 on time for every meeting. We usually meet every Friday afternoon in Room 305. Second, 4 your own tools (工具) if you have them. But don't bring sharp knives to school. Third, 5 careful when you use the tools. Safety comes first. Fourth, 6 waste materials. We should try to reuse old things. If you are new to DIY, don't worry. Our teacher Mr. Li will give you some advice. He says you 7 start with something easy, like making a card or a paper flower. You 8 do something too difficult at first. 9 ask your classmates for help if you have problems. We are a team and we should help each other. 10 join us? I'm sure you will have a lot of fun and learn many useful skills. 1. A. instead of B. because of C. in front of D. think of 2. A. rules B. suggestions C. tools D. skills 3. A. come B. comes C. coming D. to come 4. A. take B. bring C. carry D. get 5. A. be B. is C. are D. being 6. A. don't B. not C. no D. please 7. A. had better B. had better not C. why not D. what about 8. A. should B. had better C. had better not D. why not 9. A. Let's B. Please C. Why not D. What about 10. A. Why not B. What about C. Let's D. You should 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 【解析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了学校 DIY 俱乐部的相关信息。文章先解释了 DIY 的含义，接着列出了加入俱乐部需要遵守的四条规则，最后给 DIY 新手提出了实用建议，并邀请大家加入俱乐部。 1. 句意：当你做 DIY 时，你自己制作、修理或装饰东西，而不是付钱给别人做。 解析：A 选项 "instead of" 意为 "而不是"，符合句意；B 选项 "because of"（因为）、C 选项 "in front of"（在…… 前面）、D 选项 "think of"（想到）均不符合语境。 2. 句意：如果你想加入我们的俱乐部，这里有一些规则给你。 解析：后文用 "First, Second..." 列举了四条必须遵守的要求，属于俱乐部的 "rules"（规则）；B 选项 "suggestions"（建议）语气较弱，不符合强制性要求的语境；C 选项 "tools"（工具）、D 选项 "skills"（技能）与后文内容不符。 3. 句意：首先，每次会议准时到场。 解析：这是肯定祈使句，结构为 "动词原形开头"，因此选 A 选项 "come"。 4. 句意：第二，如果你有自己的工具，把它们带来。 解析：B 选项 "bring" 意为 "带来"，指从别处带到说话者所在的地方（学校）；A 选项 "take"（带走）、C 选项 "carry"（搬运）、D 选项 "get"（得到）均不符合 "从家带到学校" 的语境。 5. 句意：第三，使用工具时要小心。 解析：这是肯定祈使句，"be careful" 是固定搭配，祈使句中 be 动词用原形，因此选 A 选项 "be"。 6. 句意：第四，不要浪费材料。 解析：这是否定祈使句，结构为 "Don't + 动词原形"，因此选 A 选项 "don't"。 7. 句意：他说你最好从简单的东西开始，比如做卡片或纸花。 解析：A 选项 "had better do sth." 是固定句型，意为 "最好做某事"，用于提出建议，符合语境；B 选项 "had better not"（最好不要）与句意相反；C 选项 "why not"（为什么不）后接动词原形但不能接主语 "you"；D 选项 "what about"（…… 怎么样）后接动名词。 8. 句意：你一开始最好不要做太难的事情。 解析：C 选项 "had better not do sth." 是固定句型，意为 "最好不要做某事"，符合给新手的建议语境；A 选项 "should"（应该）、B 选项 "had better"（最好）与句意相反；D 选项 "why not"（为什么不）后接动词原形且不能接主语 "you"。 9. 句意：如果你有问题，请向你的同学求助。 解析：B 选项 "Please" 用于祈使句开头，表示礼貌的请求或建议，符合语境；A 选项 "Let's"（让我们）后接动词原形但主语应为第一人称复数；C 选项 "Why not"（为什么不）、D 选项 "What about"（…… 怎么样）用于提建议，不符合此处请求帮助的语气。 10. 句意：为什么不加入我们呢？ 解析：A 选项 "Why not do sth.?" 是提建议的常用句型，意为 "为什么不做某事呢？"，后接动词原形 "join"，符合邀请语境；B 选项 "What about"（…… 怎么样）后接动名词；C 选项 "Let's"（让我们）后接动词原形但用于陈述句；D 选项 "You should"（你应该）用于陈述句，不符合疑问句结构。 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A How to Make a Fruit Salad Fruit salad is a delicious and healthy dish. It's easy to make and it's perfect for summer. Here is a simple recipe (食谱) for you. Ingredients (原料): ✹2 apples ✹3 bananas ✹1 orange ✹1 cup of strawberries ✹Some honey (蜂蜜) Steps: ·Wash all the fruits carefully. ·Peel the bananas and the orange. ·Cut all the fruits into small pieces. ·Put the fruits into a big bowl. ·Add some honey and mix them together. Tips: ✭Don't cut the fruits too early. They will go bad quickly. ✭You had better use fresh fruits. They taste better. ✭Why not add some yogurt? It will make the salad more delicious. ✭What about putting the salad in the fridge for 10 minutes before eating? It will be more refreshing (清爽的). 1. How many kinds of fruits are mentioned in the recipe? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. What should you do first when making fruit salad? A. Peel the fruits. B. Cut the fruits. C. Wash the fruits. D. Add some honey. 3. According to the tips, you had better ______. A. cut the fruits early B. use fresh fruits C. add some sugar D. eat the salad at once 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the tips? A. Adding some yogurt. B. Putting the salad in the fridge. C. Using honey. D. Cutting the fruits into small pieces. 5. What is the main idea of this passage? A. How to make a fruit salad. B. The benefits of eating fruits. C. How to choose fresh fruits. D. Different kinds of fruit salads. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章以清晰的结构介绍了制作水果沙拉所需的原料、具体操作步骤以及 4 条实用小贴士，核心主旨是教读者如何制作一份简单、美味又健康的水果沙拉。 1. 细节理解题。根据文中 Ingredients（原料）部分提到的 apples、bananas、orange、strawberries 可知，食谱共提及 4 种水果，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据文中 Steps（步骤）第一条 “Wash all the fruits carefully.” 可知，制作水果沙拉的第一步是仔细清洗所有水果，故选 C。 3. 细节理解题。根据文中 Tips（小贴士）第二条 “You had better use fresh fruits.” 可知，文章建议最好使用新鲜水果，故选 B。 4. 细节理解题。文中 Tips 部分提到了不要过早切水果、使用新鲜水果、加酸奶、放冰箱冷藏；“把水果切成小块” 是制作步骤中的内容，并非小贴士提及的内容，故选 D。 5. 主旨大意题。文章标题为 “How to Make a Fruit Salad”，全文围绕制作水果沙拉的原料、步骤和小贴士展开，核心是介绍水果沙拉的制作方法，故选 A。 B Safety Rules for the Science Lab Welcome to the school science lab! Here you can do interesting experiments (实验). But you must follow these rules to keep safe. 1. Before the experiment: ·Read all the instructions carefully. ·You should wear a lab coat and safety glasses. ·Tie back your long hair. ·Don't bring any food or drinks into the lab. 2. During the experiment: ❆Listen to your teacher carefully. ❆Be careful with chemicals (化学药品). Don't touch them with your hands. ❆Don't run or play in the lab. ❆If you break something, tell your teacher at once. 3. After the experiment: ✱Clean your desk. ✱Put all the tools back in their places. ✱Wash your hands with soap. ✱Don't take anything out of the lab without your teacher's permission (允许). Remember: Safety is the most important thing. If you have any questions, please ask your teacher for help. 1. What should you wear when doing experiments in the lab? A. A T-shirt. B. A lab coat and safety glasses. C. A hat. D. Gloves. 2. What can you bring into the lab? A. Food. B. Drinks. C. Schoolbags. D. Nothing mentioned above. 3. If you break something during the experiment, you should ______. A. hide it B. tell your teacher at once C. throw it away D. ask your classmates to help you fix it 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. You can run in the lab if you are in a hurry. B. You can touch chemicals with your hands if you are careful. C. You should wash your hands after the experiment. D. You can take some chemicals home to do experiments. 5. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To introduce some interesting experiments. B. To tell students how to do experiments well. C. To tell students the safety rules in the science lab. D. To show students how to clean the lab. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. C 【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章以清晰的时间顺序（实验前、实验中、实验后），系统介绍了学校科学实验室的各项安全规则，核心目的是告知学生必须遵守这些规则，以保障实验过程中的人身安全。 1. 细节理解题。根据文中 “Before the experiment” 部分第二条 “You should wear a lab coat and safety glasses.” 可知，做实验时应穿实验服并佩戴护目镜，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据文中 “Before the experiment” 部分第四条 “Don't bring any food or drinks into the lab.” 可知，食物和饮料禁止带入实验室；文中未提及可以带书包进入，因此以上选项均未被允许带入，故选 D。 3. 细节理解题。根据文中 “During the experiment” 部分第四条 “If you break something, tell your teacher at once.” 可知，实验中打碎物品应立即告诉老师，故选 B。 4. 细节判断题。A 选项与 “Don't run or play in the lab.” 不符；B 选项与 “Don't touch them with your hands.” 不符；C 选项与 “After the experiment” 部分第三条 “Wash your hands with soap.” 相符；D 选项与 “Don't take anything out of the lab without your teacher's permission.” 不符，故选 C。 5. 主旨大意题。文章标题为 “Safety Rules for the Science Lab”，全文围绕实验室不同阶段的安全规则展开，核心目的是告知学生科学实验室的安全规范，故选 C。 C Advice for a Healthy Lifestyle Nowadays, many students have bad living habits. They spend too much time on their phones and computers. They don't have enough sleep and they eat too much junk food. These bad habits are bad for their health. Here is some advice for you to live a healthy life. First, you should have a good eating habit. Eat more vegetables and fruits. Don't eat too much junk food like hamburgers and chips. You had better drink more water instead of cola and other sweet drinks. Second, you should take enough exercise. Why not walk or ride a bike to school? It's good for your health and it's also good for the environment. You can also join a sports club, like the basketball club or the swimming club. Third, you should have enough sleep. You need to sleep for about 8 to 9 hours every night. Don't stay up late playing computer games. It's bad for your eyes and your body. Fourth, you should learn to relax. What about listening to music or reading a book when you are tired? You can also talk with your friends or parents about your problems. If you follow these suggestions, you will be healthier and happier. 1. How many pieces of advice are mentioned in the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. According to the passage, what should you drink more? A. Cola. B. Sweet drinks. C. Water. D. Coffee. 3. Which of the following is NOT a good way to relax? A. Listening to music. B. Reading a book. C. Talking with friends. D. Playing computer games late at night. 4. We can infer from the passage that ______. A. all students have bad living habits B. walking to school is good for both health and the environment C. students need to sleep for about 7 hours every night D. junk food is delicious and good for health 5. What is the best title for this passage? A. How to Keep Healthy B. Bad Living Habits C. The Importance of Exercise D. How to Relax 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章开篇指出当下许多学生存在的不良生活习惯及其对健康的危害，随后从饮食习惯、体育锻炼、充足睡眠和学会放松四个方面，给出了养成健康生活方式的具体建议，最后强调遵循这些建议能让人更健康、更快乐。 1. 细节理解题。根据文中 “First...Second...Third...Fourth...” 的结构可知，文章共提到了 4 条健康生活的建议，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据文中第二段最后一句 “You had better drink more water instead of cola and other sweet drinks.” 可知，文章建议多喝白开水，故选 C。 3. 细节理解题。根据文中第四点建议 “you should learn to relax” 部分提到的听音乐、看书、和朋友或父母交流可知，这些都是好的放松方式；而 “熬夜玩电脑游戏” 是文中明确指出的不良睡眠习惯，并非放松方式，故选 D。 4. 推理判断题。A 选项 “all students” 表述过于绝对，原文是 “many students”；B 选项与文中第三段第二句 “It's good for your health and it's also good for the environment.” 完全相符；C 选项与文中 “sleep for about 8 to 9 hours every night” 不符；D 选项与文中 “These bad habits are bad for their health” 及 “Don't eat too much junk food” 不符，故选 B。 5. 主旨大意题。文章标题为 “Advice for a Healthy Lifestyle”，全文围绕如何养成健康生活方式展开，核心是告诉读者如何保持健康，故选 A。 D Our School Project: Planting Trees Last month, our class started a new project—planting trees in the schoolyard. Our teacher said that trees are very important for the environment. They can make the air clean and cool. They also provide homes for birds and other animals. Here is what we did: First, our teacher divided us into 6 groups. Each group had to plant 3 trees. Second, we chose the right place to plant the trees. We needed a place with enough sunlight. Third, we dug holes (挖坑) for the trees. The holes should be big enough for the roots (根). Fourth, we put the trees into the holes and filled the holes with soil (土壤). Fifth, we watered the trees well. Our teacher gave us some advice: ·You should water the trees every two days. ·You had better not step on the soil around the trees. ·Why not put up a sign next to each tree to tell people to protect them? ·What about making a record of how the trees grow? Now the trees are growing well. We are very happy to see them. We hope they will grow into big trees one day. 1. How many trees did the class plant in total? A. 3. B. 6. C. 18. D. 24. 2. What kind of place did they choose to plant the trees? A. A place with enough water. B. A place with enough sunlight. C. A place near the river. D. A place near the classroom. 3. According to the teacher's advice, they should ______. A. water the trees every day B. step on the soil around the trees C. put up signs next to the trees D. not make a record of the trees' growth 4. Which of the following is the correct order of planting trees? a. Water the trees. b. Dig holes. c. Put the trees into the holes. d. Fill the holes with soil. e. Choose the right place. A. e-b-c-d-a B. e-b-d-c-a C. b-e-c-d-a D. b-e-d-c-a 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. Trees are bad for the environment. B. Planting trees is very easy. C. The students learned a lot from the project. D. The trees will grow into big trees in one year. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者班级上个月在校园开展植树项目的完整过程，先介绍了植树对环境的重要意义，接着详细描述了分组植树的具体步骤和老师给出的树木养护建议，最后表达了学生们看到树木茁壮成长的喜悦心情。 1. 数字计算题。根据文中 “our teacher divided us into 6 groups. Each group had to plant 3 trees.” 可知，全班共 6 组，每组种 3 棵树，总计 6×3=18 棵，故选 C。 2. 细节理解题。根据文中 “we chose the right place to plant the trees. We needed a place with enough sunlight.” 可知，他们选择了阳光充足的地方种树，故选 B。 3. 细节理解题。根据文中老师的建议部分：“Why not put up a sign next to each tree to tell people to protect them?” 可知，老师建议在每棵树旁立保护标识；A 选项应为每两天浇水，B 选项应为不要踩树周围的土，D 选项应为记录树木生长，故选 C。 4. 细节排序题。根据文中植树步骤：“Second, we chose the right place... Third, we dug holes... Fourth, we put the trees into the holes and filled the holes with soil... Fifth, we watered the trees well.” 可知，正确顺序为选地方→挖坑→放树→填土→浇水，对应 e-b-c-d-a，故选 A。 5. 推理判断题。A 选项与 “trees are very important for the environment” 不符；B 选项文中未提及植树很容易；C 选项可从学生们认真完成植树步骤、期待树木长大的内容推断出他们从项目中学到了很多；D 选项与 “We hope they will grow into big trees one day” 不符，原文只是表达愿望，并未说明具体时间，故选 C。 实战巩固·拓展培优 一、首字母填空： 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 How to Plan a Birthday Party Planning a birthday party can be fun but also a little difficult. Here is some a 1 for you to plan a great birthday party. First, decide the time and place of the party. You had b 2 choose a weekend so that most of your friends can come. You can have the party at home or in a park. Second, make a list of your guests (客人). D 3 forget to invite your best friends. Third, prepare the food and drinks. You should buy some snacks, cakes and drinks. W 4 not make some cookies by yourself? Your friends will love them. Fourth, plan some games. What a 5 playing "musical chairs" or "truth or dare"? They are very interesting. Fifth, decorate (装饰) the room. You can use balloons and colorful paper. P 6 put some flowers on the table. They will make the room more beautiful. On the day of the party, c 7 early and get everything ready. G 8 your friends warmly when they arrive. Don't worry too much. Just e 9 yourself with your friends. I hope you will have a w 10 birthday party! 【答案】1. advice 2. better 3. Don't 4. Why 5. about 6. Please 7. come 8. Greet 9. enjoy 10. wonderful 【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章以清晰的分点结构，从确定时间地点、列出客人名单、准备食物饮料、策划互动游戏、装饰场地以及派对当天的注意事项六个方面，给出了计划一场精彩生日派对的实用建议，最后表达了对读者的美好祝愿。 1. 句意：这里有一些为你计划一场精彩生日派对的建议。 原因：some 后接名词，结合上下文是给派对计划的建议，advice（建议）为不可数名词，符合首字母 a。 2. 句意：你最好选择一个周末，这样你的大多数朋友都能来。 原因：固定搭配 had better do sth.，意为 “最好做某事”，符合首字母 b。 3. 句意：不要忘记邀请你最好的朋友。 原因：祈使句的否定形式，结构为 Don't + 动词原形，符合首字母 D。 4. 句意：为什么不自己做一些饼干呢？ 原因：固定句型 Why not do sth.，用于提出建议，符合首字母 W。 5. 句意：玩 “抢椅子” 或 “真心话大冒险” 怎么样？ 原因：固定句型 What about doing sth.，用于提出建议，符合首字母 a。 6. 句意：请在桌子上放一些花。 原因：祈使句表示礼貌建议，用 Please + 动词原形，符合首字母 P。 7. 句意：派对当天，早点来并把一切准备好。 原因：结合语境，派对当天需要提前到场准备，come（来）符合首字母 c。 8. 句意：当你的朋友们到达时，热情地迎接他们。 原因：朋友到达时应进行迎接，Greet（迎接）符合首字母 G。 9. 句意：只要和你的朋友们玩得开心就好。 原因：固定搭配 enjoy oneself，意为 “玩得开心”，符合首字母 e。 10. 句意：我希望你会有一场精彩的生日派对！ 原因：修饰名词 birthday party，用形容词 wonderful（精彩的），符合首字母 w。 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $