专题03 Units 5～6（期末复习讲义）八年级英语下学期新教材译林版

专题03 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握instead of、in case、be about to等短语。 2. 掌握unless引导条件状语从句及其时态要求。 3. 掌握it作形式主语的用法，too...to、enough to的用法。 复习难点： 1. it作形式主语的常见句型及运用。 2. too...to的运用与转化。 考情规律 单词填空：侧重本单元短语中涉及的词性转化和非谓语动词的运用。 语法填空：侧重语法的综合运用。 阅读还原：侧重段落话题把握、句与句的自然衔接。 知识点1 patiently adv. 耐心地。副词修饰动词。 She listened patiently to her friend’s problems. 她耐心地倾听朋友的烦恼。 主要考查词性变化： patience耐心 patient耐心的 patiently耐心地 impatient急躁的、不耐烦的 impatiently急躁地、没耐心地 You need _______ to teach young children, or you will easily get ________. (patient) 知识点2 on time on time：准时。主要考查关于time的短语辨析： all the time 始终，一直；from time to time 偶尔，有时；at the same time 同时；at times 有时，间或； ahead of time 提前；in time 及时；最终；by the time 到……的时候；for the time being 暂时； at a time 一次；once upon a time 从前；for the first time第一次 这个月第一次，火车准时到站了。 ______________ this month, the train arrived ________________. 知识点3 realize vt. & vi. (= realise) 意识到、实现（梦想、目标等）。后接名词、代词或从句 He finally realized his mistake. 他终于意识到了自己的错误。 He worked hard to realize his dream of becoming a doctor. 他努力工作，以实现成为医生的梦想。 常见实用短语： realize one's dream/goal 实现梦想/目标 realize the importance of 意识到……的重要性 come to realize 逐渐意识到 realize +宾语从句 你意识到学一门新语言有多难吗？ Do you ____________________ to learn a new language? 知识点4 when it comes to (doing) sth when it comes to后接名词、代词或动名词，意为“当谈到……时、在……方面、就……而言”，用于引出某个话题或领域。 When it comes to music, he knows everything. 谈到音乐，他无所不知。 When it comes to finding happiness, the secret is to stop looking for it and start creating it. 在寻找幸福这件事上，秘诀是停止寻找，开始创造。 在改变世界这件事上，即使是最微小的善举也很重要。 ____________________________ in the world, even the smallest act of kindness matters. 知识点5 instead of prep. 代替，作为……的替换。侧重取舍，选前者、舍弃后者。 1 instead of sth/doing 而不是某物、而不是做某事 Why not talk face to face instead of sending messages? 为何不当面交谈，而非发消息呢？ I will choose reading instead of useless games in my free time. 我空闲时会选择阅读，而非玩无益的游戏。 2 instead adv. 相反、反而。单独使用，放句首（逗号隔开）、句末 Instead, we decided to take a walk in the park. 我们转而决定去公园里散散步。 He refused to stay up late and went to bed early instead. 他拒绝熬夜，反而早早休息了。 _______ waiting for someone else to change the world, ask yourself what you can do to make a difference. A. No doubt B. Instead of C. As for D. As soon as 知识点6 case in case 以防万一，名词case意为“特殊情况、病例”。通常考查case相关的短语： 1 in case 以防；万一。后接从句。 Take an umbrella in case it rains. 带把伞，以防下雨。 2. in case of 万一；假使。后接名词或短语，不接句子 Take this medicine in case of headache. 带上这药，以防头痛。 3. in this case 既然这样；在这种情况下 In this case, you can ask your teacher for help. 既然这样，你可以向老师求助。 4. in that case 那样的话 In that case, I will go with you. 那样的话，我就和你一起去。 5. in any case 无论如何；不管怎样 He might be busy, but in any case, I'll send him the invitation. 他可能很忙，但无论如何，我都会把邀请发给他。 6. in no case 绝不。置于句首，句子部分倒装 In no case should you give up. 你绝不可以放弃。 She always carries an extra key ___________ she locks herself out. A. in order that B. in the hope that C. in case D. for the reason that 知识点7 get used to get used to 意为“逐渐习惯、适应”，强调从“不习惯”到“习惯”的变化过程。后接名词、代词或动名词。 1 get used to sth意为“习惯某物” It took me a long time to get used to the new environment. 我花了很长时间才适应新环境。 2 get used to doing意为“习惯做某事” It took me a long time to get used to the new environment. 我花了很长时间才适应新环境。 be used to sth/doing意为“习惯”，侧重状态，是延续动作；get used to侧重过程，是瞬间动作。 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 I used to play the piano when I was a child. be/get used to sth 习惯某物 You will soon get used to your new school life. be/get used to doing 习惯做某事 I am used to getting up at six o'clock every morning. be used to do sth 被用来做某事 This knife is used to cut vegetables in the kitchen. He has __________ the busy lifestyle ever since he started his own business. A. been used to B. got used to C. been away from D. turned into 知识点8 unless unless是连词，意为“除非、如果不”，引导条件状语从句，相当于“if...not”。 Unless you try, you will never know what you can achieve. 除非你尝试，否则你永远不会知道自己能取得什么成就。 We will be late unless we leave right now. 除非我们现在就走，否则我们会迟到。 符合“主将从现、主祈从现、主情从现”时态规则的有：unless、if、as soon as、until 主将从现：主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时。 主祈从现：主句是祈使句，从句是一般现在时。 主情从现：主句含有情态动词，从句是一般现在时。 Unless you tell me the truth, I will not trust you again. 除非你告诉我真相，否则我不会再相信你。 If you read for twenty minutes every day, your English will get better. 如果你每天读二十分钟书，你的英语会变得更好。 As soon as the rain stops, we can go outside and play basketball. 雨一停，我们就可以出去打篮球了。 Please wait here until your mother comes to pick you up. 请在这里等到你妈妈来接你。 You ________ (lose) weight unless you eat less and exercise more. 知识点9 promise vt. & vi. 承诺，许诺；n. 承诺 1 promise (not) to do sth承诺（不）做某事 He promised to pick me up no matter how late the flight was. 他承诺无论航班多晚都会来接我。 She promised not to tell anyone about our plan. 她承诺不告诉任何人我们的计划。 2 promise sb sth、promise sth to sb 许诺给某人某物 The teacher promised her students a fun activity next Friday. 老师向学生们承诺下周五有一次有趣的活动。 3 promise (sb) that... （向某人）承诺……，从句常用一般将来时will do，或过去将来时would do I promise that I will tell you everything when we meet. 我保证我们见面时把一切都告诉你。 4 keep/break a promise信守/违背承诺 I will never trust him again because he broke his promise. 他违背了承诺，我再也不会相信他了。 They promised ________ (support) each other through failures. 知识点10 be about to do sth be about to do sth 即将，正要（做某事），表示非常临近的未来动作。 I am about to go to bed. Good night. 我正要睡觉了。晚安。 She was about to say something, but she stopped herself. 她正要说什么，但忍住了。 1 不能与具体时间状语连用 2 be about to do sth when+从句 意为“正要……这时……”，表示正要做某事时，突然发生了另一件事 I was about to go out when it started to rain. 我正要出门，这时下起雨来了。 3 否定形式be not about to，意为“不打算、不愿意” 电影马上就要开始了，请关掉手机。 The movie _________________, so please turn off your phones. 知识点11 enough to enough 修饰形容词或副词时放在后面；修饰名词时放在前面。 1 形容词/副词 + enough + to do The box is light enough for me to carry. 这个箱子够轻，我能搬得动。 She speaks English well enough to communicate with foreigners. 她英语说得够好，可以和外国人交流。 2 enough + 名词 + to do We don't have enough people to do the job. 我们没有足够的人手来做这项工作。 She spoke clearly enough for everyone in the room ________ (hear) her. 知识点12 too...to 1 too+形容词/副词+ to do意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定含义 She was too shy to say a word in front of the class. 她太害羞了，在全班面前一句话也说不出来。 He drives too fast to notice the traffic light turning red. 他开车太快了，没注意到红灯亮了。 2 too...to...转化为not ... enough to... He is too weak to lift the box. = He is not strong enough to lift the box. 他的力量不足以提起那个盒子。 她太害怕了，听到奇怪的声音时不敢开门。 She was ____________________ the door when she heard the strange noise. 知识点13 expect vt. 预料，预期；期待。常考短语有： 1 expect to do sth预料/期待做某事 I didn't expect to see you here! What a surprise! 我没料到会在这里见到你！太惊喜了！ 2 expect sb to do sth期待某人做某事 Parents always expect their children to do well in school. 父母总是期望孩子在学校表现好。 3 expect that+从句 认为/预料…… We didn't expect that the weather would be so bad. 我们没预料到天气会这么差。 4 be expected to do sth 被期望做某事、应该做某事 All passengers are expected to arrive at the airport two hours early. 所有乘客应提前两小时到达机场。 I expect ________(receive) a reply from the company within three days. 知识点14 confidence n. 自信心；信心，不可数名词。其形容词形式是confident，意为“自信的”。 confidence和confident的实用短语有： have confidence in sb/sth 对某人/某事有信心 lose confidence in 对……失去信心 build/develop confidence 建立信心 be confident in/about sb/sth 对某人/某事有信心 be confident (that) 从句 确信/有信心…… She is _________ about her English because she has _________ in her ability to learn. (confident) 知识点15 require require是及物动词，意为“需要、要求、命令”，语气比need更正式。 1 require sth需要某物 This plant requires plenty of sunlight to grow well. 这种植物需要充足的阳光才能长得好。 2 require to do sth 需要做某事 You require to show your ID card before entering the building. 进入大楼前你需要出示身份证。 3 require sb to do sth要求某人做某事 The sign requires visitors to keep quiet in the library. 告示要求访客在图书馆保持安静。 4 sth require doing=sth require to be done某事需要被做 The flowers require watering/to be watered every day in summer. 夏天这些花需要每天浇水。 The job requires you _______ (work) from nine in the morning until six in the evening. 知识点16 remind vt. 提醒，使想起。常见用法如下： 1 remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事 Please remind me to turn off the lights before I leave the office tonight. 请提醒我今晚离开办公室之前把灯关掉。 2 remind sb of sth使某人想起某事 The old bench by the river reminds me of the summer days. 河边的那条旧长椅让我想起了那些夏日。 3 remind sb + that从句 提醒某人…… The note on the fridge reminded him that his daughter's birthday was next week. 冰箱上的便条提醒他，女儿的生日就在下周。 My best friend reminded me _______ (be) kind to myself even on the most difficult days. 知识点17 ability 形容词 able能够的，unable不能够的，disabled残疾的 be able to do sth能够做某事 名词 ability能力，disability残疾 the ability to do sth 做某事的能力 With enough practice, you will be able to speak English fluently. 通过足够的练习，你将能够流利地说英语。 He was born disabled, but he never gave up on his dreams. 他天生残疾，但从未放弃自己的梦想。 Reading widely can improve your ability to understand others. 广泛阅读可以提高你理解他人的能力。 The new law protects the rights of people with disabilities. 新法律保护残疾人的权利。 Not everyone has the ability _______ (stay) calm under pressure. 知识点18 achieve vt. 实现、达到、完成、取得。后接名词。 She achieved her dream of becoming a teacher after years of hard work. 经过多年的努力，她实现了当老师的梦想。 He achieved first place in the English speech competition last week. 他上周在英语演讲比赛中获得了第一名。 achieve、reach与realize achieve 实现、取得。通过努力达成重要目标 achieve success / one’s dream/goals reach 到达、达到。到达某个点或水平 reach a goal / the top realize 实现、意识到。使梦想成为现实 realize one's dream achieve的名词是achievement，意为“成就”。a sense of achievement意为“成就感”。 有了耐心和努力，你会一步步实现自己的目标。 ____________, you will _____________ step by step. 知识点19 influence 1 have an influence on 对……有影响 Social media has a strong influence on how young people think. 社交媒体对年轻人的思维方式有很强的影响。 2 influence sb/sth 影响某人/某事 Don't let other people's opinions influence your own decisions.不要让别人的意见影响你自己的决定。 3 influence sb to do sth 影响某人做某事 My mother influenced me to take up reading as a hobby. 我妈妈影响我把阅读当作一种爱好。 常见实用短语有： deeply influence 深刻影响；have a good/positive influence 有良好/正面影响；cultural influence 文化影响 孩子的家庭环境对他或她的未来有着深远的影响。 A child's family environment ________________ his or her future. 知识点20 it作形式主语 当真正的主语是不定式短语或从句时，为了避免句子头重脚轻，用it放在句首作形式主语，把真正的主语移到后面。 1 it is adj to do sth做某事是……的 It is dangerous to swim alone in the deep river. 独自在深河里游泳很危险。 2 it is adj for sb to do sth 对某人而言，做某事是……的。其中形容词是描述不定式所具备的特征，如：necessary，important，easy等 It is important for students to develop good study habits. 对学生来说，养成良好的学习习惯很重要。 3 it is adj of sb to do sth某人做某事真是……其中形容词是人的特征或品质，如：kind，honest，careless等 It is clever of her to solve the problem so quickly. 她这么快就解决了问题，真聪明。 4 It seems to sb that+从句 在某人看来……；某人觉得……，it指代从句 It seems to the teacher that the students have not understood the lesson. 在老师看来，学生们还没有理解这节课的内容。 有些形容词前既可以用of也可以用for，需要仔细判断，如：good，nice It is nice of you to help me carry the heavy box. 你帮我搬这个重箱子，真是太好了。 It is nice for children to play outside instead of staying indoors all day. 孩子们在外面玩而不是整天待在室内，对他们来说很好。 it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语 She thinks it important to arrive on time.（形式宾语）→She thinks it is important to arrive on time.（形式主语）她认为准时到达非常重要。 那个小男孩虽然害怕但还是说了实话，真勇敢。 _______________ the little boy to tell the truth _________ he was scared. 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单词拼写 1．（2025·云南大理·二模）People are waiting for the bus ________ in a line. (patient) 2．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）What trouble do you have ________ (explain) the reason to the policeman? 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）After the task you promised ________ (finish) and review, we’ll start the next one. 4．（2026·甘肃定西·三模）Su Yiming expected ________ (win) a gold medal when he was 10 years old. 5．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期末）The little boy is old enough ________ (look) after himself when his parents are out. 6．（2026·江苏无锡·一模）My father often reminds me ________ (save) pocket money instead of spending it all. 7．（25-26八年级上·山东东营·期中）It’s not enough ________ (study) well. You also need to have a healthy body and mind. 8．（24-25八年级下·甘肃平凉·期末）Joining a volunteer program made me feel a real sense of ________ (achieve). 9．（25-26八年级上·上海徐汇·期中）Many students today join in ________ learning activities after school to explore their interests. (volunteer) 10．（2025·甘肃武威·一模）He is confident enough ________ (make) a speech in front of the public. 11．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期末）A student won’t improve his grades unless he ________ (develop) good study habits. 12．（23-24八年级下·广东深圳·期中）All the passengers are required ________ (wear) seat belts by law. 13．（24-25八年级下·甘肃武威·期末）I think Yu Gong could build a road instead of ________ (move) the mountains. 14．（25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期中）Make sure that good ________ (behave) is encouraged. 15．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Amy is full of ________ (confident) to open up a new world to herself. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、短文填空 （24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）根据短文内容，填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 On May 6, Zhao Xintong, 28, made many perfect shots. In the final, he played against a 1 (Europe) player Mark Williams. And he 2 (success) won the World Snooker Championship. He made history. He becomes the 3 (one) Asian player to win the title. Some people joked that his shots have GPS. They don’t, of course. But there is science behind his shots. One key is angle (角度). A 4 (play) uses the white ball to hit other ones. An angle 5 (make) when the white ball hits another one. Where does the white ball go? ●Hit the top ●Hit the center ●Hit the bottom The white ball can spin and move 6 different ways. It stops in the right place for the next shot. 7 ball that is hit will always go this. Another key is spin (旋转). When a player 8 (hit) any part of the white ball except its center, the ball spins right away. Great players are good at 9 (use) angles and spins. So, they can work out where the balls will go. They can also plan where the white ball stops. 10 it ends up behind another ball, it is hard for their rivals (对手) to make a good shot next. You see, snooker is more than just a game-it’s a mix of skill and science. 二、阅读理解 （24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 Since everyone likes to be around people with good manners, one can never learn too much about manners. Here are some rules that may help you become a more polite person. In public, it is kind to hold the door open for others, especially when you see someone with arms full or who might have difficulty getting in. Never allow a door to shut heavily on anyone following you. But avoid holding a door open when someone is a bit far away. 11 Be kind to people who work for you, such as waiters, shopkeepers and postmen. It is kind to smile and say “thank you” to them when they are easily forgotten by most people. They work hard so that we can enjoy our lives. 12 Take off your headphones (耳机) before you speak to someone. At the end of a phone call with people older than you, it’s proper to make sure they end the phone call first. 13 Loud noise is always unwelcome and may even cause fights. 14 Hear them out before expressing your own opinion. Allow them to voice their opinions, even when you don’t agree with them. Use your communication skills instead of raising your voice to express yourself. Also, when you are in a group conversation, make eye contact with others. This shows that you are paying attention. Try to share the “talking time” fairly. 15 And if you need to leave the conversation briefly (简短地), excuse yourself politely. A．Don’t cut in on people when they talk. B．This might cause them to hurry up to the door. C．It’s important to let them know their work is seen by us. D．Always remember to use words instead of fights to work out problems. E．It’s wise to get to the meeting room 15 minutes before the meeting starts. F．When in public, don’t play music or videos loudly on your mobile phones. G．Don’t always be the one who talks the most, but also make sure you get a chance to share your ideas. 三、阅读理解 （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Sophie Pascoe is one of New Zealand’s greatest Paralympic swimmers. Her incredible journey began in Christchurch, where she was born on January 8, 1993. At just three years old, her life changed forever when a lawnmower accident severely injured her left leg. After five hours of surgery, doctors had to amputate it below the knee. Despite this challenge, Sophie refused to let her disability define her. At seven, she started swimming lessons. At first, she struggled—her artificial leg made balancing difficult, and she often swallowed water. But with her family’s support and her coach’s guidance, she trained hard every day. Within a year, she was swimming faster than many able-bodied children. When Sophie was nine, her grandfather became very sick with lung cancer. Before he passed away, she made him a promise: “I will win a gold medal for you at the Paralympics.” This promise became her motivation. At 15, Sophie made history as New Zealand’s youngest Paralympian at Beijing 2008. She won three gold medals and one silver, breaking world records. Standing on the podium, she looked up, imagining her grandfather’s proud smile. Her success continued at three more Paralympics—London 2012, Rio 2016, and Tokyo 2020—where she won a total of 15 medals (9 gold, 6 silver). She is now one of the most decorated Paralympic swimmers in history. But Sophie’s impact goes beyond medals. She works to inspire others through her “Accessible Sports” program, helping disabled children participate in sports. She visits schools, sharing her message: “Disability doesn’t mean inability. The only limits are the ones we set for ourselves.” Her autobiography, Breaking Waves, became a bestseller in New Zealand. In 2022, she received the country’s highest civilian honor. Sophie’s story teaches us that with courage and determination, anything is possible. 16．How did Sophie Pascoe’s promise to her grandfather influence her life? A．It made her give up swimming training. B．It became the motivation for her hard training. C．It made her focus on studies instead of sports. D．It led her to start helping other disabled children. 17．Which shows the correct order of events in Sophie Pascoe’s life? (Put the following in the correct order according to the passage) a. Won 3 gold medals at her first Paralympics    b: Started swimming lessons c. Launched “Accessible Sports” program    d. Suffered a lawnmower accident A．dbac B．bdca C．dabc D．badc 18．How does Sophie Pascoe continue to inspire others after her competitive career? A．Only by writing her autobiography. B．By participating in more swimming competitions. C．By creating programs and giving school speeches. D．By working as a swimming coach. 19．What is the central message of Sophie Pascoe’s story? A．Winning medals is the most important goal in sports. B．Physical disabilities can be overcome with determination. C．Family support is necessary for athletic success. D．Swimming is the best sport for disabled athletes. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） （24-25八年级下·广东深圳·期末）Tim’s family were going to visit Grandma in Nevada this summer holiday. Tim was 1 because he wanted to be with his friends. “Grandma wants to see you.” Mom said, “She can’t wait to take you to 2 in a desert.” The next morning, Grandma drove them to the desert. As they hiked, Tim learned that the animals find different 3 to live in the hot weather. He wondered if he could get used to the climate. “Look at that!” Tim seemed so 4 and shouted, “The turtle carries its home on its back!” Grandma smiled at Tim’s excitement. She said, “That is a desert tortoise. It looks for the shade (阴凉) made by the dark 5 of rocks to cool off.” Just then a rabbit hopped by. Grandma explained that the rabbit’s 6 ears help it stay cool. These animals are so cool! Tim thought. When Grandma was talking about how some animals slept to stay cool during the day and 7 at night, a Horned Owl (猫头鹰) flew above them. “It will soon be time for the owl to hunt, and we’d better 8 now.” Dad reminded. “Aw, this holiday is going by too 9 ,” Tim said. When Grandma asked him about the 10 , Tim replied, “What heat? I feel as cool and fresh as a new flower!” Everyone laughed. 1．A．calm B．amazed C．unhappy D．curious 2．A．race B．hike C．ride D．camp 3．A．ways B．steps C．friends D．islands 4．A．brave B．angry C．worried D．excited 5．A．bush B．mark C．shape D．land 6．A．round B．sharp C．small D．large 7．A．jumped B．hunted C．studied D．walked 8．A．sit down B．take off C．go back D．move on 9．A．quickly B．simply C．slowly D．secretly 10．A．trip B．heat C．season D．result 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握instead of、in case、be about to等短语。 2. 掌握unless引导条件状语从句及其时态要求。 3. 掌握it作形式主语的用法，too...to、enough to的用法。 复习难点： 1. it作形式主语的常见句型及运用。 2. too...to的运用与转化。 考情规律 单词填空：侧重本单元短语中涉及的词性转化和非谓语动词的运用。 语法填空：侧重语法的综合运用。 阅读还原：侧重段落话题把握、句与句的自然衔接。 知识点1 patiently adv. 耐心地。副词修饰动词。 She listened patiently to her friend’s problems. 她耐心地倾听朋友的烦恼。 主要考查词性变化： patience耐心 patient耐心的 patiently耐心地 impatient急躁的、不耐烦的 impatiently急躁地、没耐心地 You need _______ to teach young children, or you will easily get ________. (patient) 句意：教小孩子需要耐心，否则你很容易变得不耐烦。need后接名词，patient的名词形式是patience“耐心”；get后接形容词作表语，根据句意，没有耐心的话很容易不耐烦，impatient“不耐烦的”，故填patience；impatient。 知识点2 on time on time：准时。主要考查关于time的短语辨析： all the time 始终，一直；from time to time 偶尔，有时；at the same time 同时；at times 有时，间或； ahead of time 提前；in time 及时；最终；by the time 到……的时候；for the time being 暂时； at a time 一次；once upon a time 从前；for the first time第一次 这个月第一次，火车准时到站了。 ______________ this month, the train arrived ________________. 表示“第一次”的短语是for the first time；表示“准时”的短语是on time。 知识点3 realize vt. & vi. (= realise) 意识到、实现（梦想、目标等）。后接名词、代词或从句 He finally realized his mistake. 他终于意识到了自己的错误。 He worked hard to realize his dream of becoming a doctor. 他努力工作，以实现成为医生的梦想。 常见实用短语： realize one's dream/goal 实现梦想/目标 realize the importance of 意识到……的重要性 come to realize 逐渐意识到 realize +宾语从句 你意识到学一门新语言有多难吗？ Do you ____________________ to learn a new language? “意识到……多么难”是关键词。“意识到”表达为realize，do you后接原形；“多么难”表达为how difficult；句子是it is adj to do sth结构，故填realize how difficult it is。 知识点4 when it comes to (doing) sth when it comes to后接名词、代词或动名词，意为“当谈到……时、在……方面、就……而言”，用于引出某个话题或领域。 When it comes to music, he knows everything. 谈到音乐，他无所不知。 When it comes to finding happiness, the secret is to stop looking for it and start creating it. 在寻找幸福这件事上，秘诀是停止寻找，开始创造。 在改变世界这件事上，即使是最微小的善举也很重要。 ____________________________ in the world, even the smallest act of kindness matters. “在……事情上”即“当谈到……时、就……而言”，表达为when it comes to doing；“改变”make a difference，make应用making。故填When it comes to making a difference。 知识点5 instead of prep. 代替，作为……的替换。侧重取舍，选前者、舍弃后者。 1 instead of sth/doing 而不是某物、而不是做某事 Why not talk face to face instead of sending messages? 为何不当面交谈，而非发消息呢？ I will choose reading instead of useless games in my free time. 我空闲时会选择阅读，而非玩无益的游戏。 2 instead adv. 相反、反而。单独使用，放句首（逗号隔开）、句末 Instead, we decided to take a walk in the park. 我们转而决定去公园里散散步。 He refused to stay up late and went to bed early instead. 他拒绝熬夜，反而早早休息了。 _______ waiting for someone else to change the world, ask yourself what you can do to make a difference. A. No doubt B. Instead of C. As for D. As soon as 句意：与其等待别人改变世界，不如问问自己能做些什么来带来改变。no doubt毫无疑问；instead of而不是；as for至于；as soon as一……就。“等待别人改变世界”和“问问自己能做些什么”是两个不同的选择，此处表示舍弃“等待别人改变世界”，故选B。 知识点6 case in case 以防万一，名词case意为“特殊情况、病例”。通常考查case相关的短语： 1 in case 以防；万一。后接从句。 Take an umbrella in case it rains. 带把伞，以防下雨。 2. in case of 万一；假使。后接名词或短语，不接句子 Take this medicine in case of headache. 带上这药，以防头痛。 3. in this case 既然这样；在这种情况下 In this case, you can ask your teacher for help. 既然这样，你可以向老师求助。 4. in that case 那样的话 In that case, I will go with you. 那样的话，我就和你一起去。 5. in any case 无论如何；不管怎样 He might be busy, but in any case, I'll send him the invitation. 他可能很忙，但无论如何，我都会把邀请发给他。 6. in no case 绝不。置于句首，句子部分倒装 In no case should you give up. 你绝不可以放弃。 She always carries an extra key ___________ she locks herself out. A. in order that B. in the hope that C. in case D. for the reason that 句意：她总是带着备用钥匙，以防把自己锁在门外。in order that为了；in the hope that希望；in case以防万一；for the reason that因为。带额外的钥匙是以防把自己锁在外面。故选C。 知识点7 get used to get used to 意为“逐渐习惯、适应”，强调从“不习惯”到“习惯”的变化过程。后接名词、代词或动名词。 1 get used to sth意为“习惯某物” It took me a long time to get used to the new environment. 我花了很长时间才适应新环境。 2 get used to doing意为“习惯做某事” It took me a long time to get used to the new environment. 我花了很长时间才适应新环境。 be used to sth/doing意为“习惯”，侧重状态，是延续动作；get used to侧重过程，是瞬间动作。 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 I used to play the piano when I was a child. be/get used to sth 习惯某物 You will soon get used to your new school life. be/get used to doing 习惯做某事 I am used to getting up at six o'clock every morning. be used to do sth 被用来做某事 This knife is used to cut vegetables in the kitchen. He has __________ the busy lifestyle ever since he started his own business. A. been used to B. got used to C. been away from D. turned into 句意：自从创业以来，他已经习惯了忙碌的生活方式。be used to习惯；get used to习惯；be away from远离；turn into变成。根据“started his own business”可知，创业需要习惯忙碌的生活。且由“since...”可知用延续动作，get used to是瞬间动作。故选A。 知识点8 unless unless是连词，意为“除非、如果不”，引导条件状语从句，相当于“if...not”。 Unless you try, you will never know what you can achieve. 除非你尝试，否则你永远不会知道自己能取得什么成就。 We will be late unless we leave right now. 除非我们现在就走，否则我们会迟到。 符合“主将从现、主祈从现、主情从现”时态规则的有：unless、if、as soon as、until 主将从现：主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时。 主祈从现：主句是祈使句，从句是一般现在时。 主情从现：主句含有情态动词，从句是一般现在时。 Unless you tell me the truth, I will not trust you again. 除非你告诉我真相，否则我不会再相信你。 If you read for twenty minutes every day, your English will get better. 如果你每天读二十分钟书，你的英语会变得更好。 As soon as the rain stops, we can go outside and play basketball. 雨一停，我们就可以出去打篮球了。 Please wait here until your mother comes to pick you up. 请在这里等到你妈妈来接你。 You ________ (lose) weight unless you eat less and exercise more. 句意：除非你少吃多运动，否则你不会减肥。unless引导条件状语从句，符合“主将从现”，此处是主句，需用一般将来时will do结构。故填will not lose/won’t lose。 知识点9 promise vt. & vi. 承诺，许诺；n. 承诺 1 promise (not) to do sth承诺（不）做某事 He promised to pick me up no matter how late the flight was. 他承诺无论航班多晚都会来接我。 She promised not to tell anyone about our plan. 她承诺不告诉任何人我们的计划。 2 promise sb sth、promise sth to sb 许诺给某人某物 The teacher promised her students a fun activity next Friday. 老师向学生们承诺下周五有一次有趣的活动。 3 promise (sb) that... （向某人）承诺……，从句常用一般将来时will do，或过去将来时would do I promise that I will tell you everything when we meet. 我保证我们见面时把一切都告诉你。 4 keep/break a promise信守/违背承诺 I will never trust him again because he broke his promise. 他违背了承诺，我再也不会相信他了。 They promised ________ (support) each other through failures. 句意：他们承诺在失败时互相支持。promise to do sth表示“承诺做某事”，故填to support。 知识点10 be about to do sth be about to do sth 即将，正要（做某事），表示非常临近的未来动作。 I am about to go to bed. Good night. 我正要睡觉了。晚安。 She was about to say something, but she stopped herself. 她正要说什么，但忍住了。 1 不能与具体时间状语连用 2 be about to do sth when+从句 意为“正要……这时……”，表示正要做某事时，突然发生了另一件事 I was about to go out when it started to rain. 我正要出门，这时下起雨来了。 3 否定形式be not about to，意为“不打算、不愿意” 电影马上就要开始了，请关掉手机。 The movie _________________, so please turn off your phones. “马上”表达为be about to do sth，主语是movie，be动词用is；“开始”start。故填is about to start。 知识点11 enough to enough 修饰形容词或副词时放在后面；修饰名词时放在前面。 1 形容词/副词 + enough + to do The box is light enough for me to carry. 这个箱子够轻，我能搬得动。 She speaks English well enough to communicate with foreigners. 她英语说得够好，可以和外国人交流。 2 enough + 名词 + to do We don't have enough people to do the job. 我们没有足够的人手来做这项工作。 She spoke clearly enough for everyone in the room ________ (hear) her. 句意：她说得够清楚，房间里每个人都能听到。结构是enough adv for sb to do sth，表示“对某人而言足够……做某事”。故填to hear。 知识点12 too...to 1 too+形容词/副词+ to do意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定含义 She was too shy to say a word in front of the class. 她太害羞了，在全班面前一句话也说不出来。 He drives too fast to notice the traffic light turning red. 他开车太快了，没注意到红灯亮了。 2 too...to...转化为not ... enough to... He is too weak to lift the box. = He is not strong enough to lift the box. 他的力量不足以提起那个盒子。 她太害怕了，听到奇怪的声音时不敢开门。 She was ____________________ the door when she heard the strange noise. 原句中“太害怕不敢”是关键词。句子是“too adj to do”结构，表示“太……而不敢做某事”；“害怕”表达为scared，“打开”表达为open。故填too scared to open。 知识点13 expect vt. 预料，预期；期待。常考短语有： 1 expect to do sth预料/期待做某事 I didn't expect to see you here! What a surprise! 我没料到会在这里见到你！太惊喜了！ 2 expect sb to do sth期待某人做某事 Parents always expect their children to do well in school. 父母总是期望孩子在学校表现好。 3 expect that+从句 认为/预料…… We didn't expect that the weather would be so bad. 我们没预料到天气会这么差。 4 be expected to do sth 被期望做某事、应该做某事 All passengers are expected to arrive at the airport two hours early. 所有乘客应提前两小时到达机场。 I expect ________(receive) a reply from the company within three days. 句意：我预计三天内会收到公司的回复。expect to do sth表示“期待/预料做某事”，故填to receive。 知识点14 confidence n. 自信心；信心，不可数名词。其形容词形式是confident，意为“自信的”。 confidence和confident的实用短语有： have confidence in sb/sth 对某人/某事有信心 lose confidence in 对……失去信心 build/develop confidence 建立信心 be confident in/about sb/sth 对某人/某事有信心 be confident (that) 从句 确信/有信心…… She is _________ about her English because she has _________ in her ability to learn. (confident) 句意：她对英语很自信，因为她对自己的学习能力有信心。is后接形容词作表语，has后接名词作宾语。confident是形容词，confidence是名词。故填confident；confidence。 知识点15 require require是及物动词，意为“需要、要求、命令”，语气比need更正式。 1 require sth需要某物 This plant requires plenty of sunlight to grow well. 这种植物需要充足的阳光才能长得好。 2 require to do sth 需要做某事 You require to show your ID card before entering the building. 进入大楼前你需要出示身份证。 3 require sb to do sth要求某人做某事 The sign requires visitors to keep quiet in the library. 告示要求访客在图书馆保持安静。 4 sth require doing=sth require to be done某事需要被做 The flowers require watering/to be watered every day in summer. 夏天这些花需要每天浇水。 The job requires you _______ (work) from nine in the morning until six in the evening. 句意：这份工作需要你从早上九点工作到晚上六点。require sb to do sth表示“要求某人做某事”，故填to work。 知识点16 remind vt. 提醒，使想起。常见用法如下： 1 remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事 Please remind me to turn off the lights before I leave the office tonight. 请提醒我今晚离开办公室之前把灯关掉。 2 remind sb of sth使某人想起某事 The old bench by the river reminds me of the summer days. 河边的那条旧长椅让我想起了那些夏日。 3 remind sb + that从句 提醒某人…… The note on the fridge reminded him that his daughter's birthday was next week. 冰箱上的便条提醒他，女儿的生日就在下周。 My best friend reminded me _______ (be) kind to myself even on the most difficult days. 句意：我最好的朋友提醒我，即使在最艰难的日子里也要善待自己。remind sb to do sth表示“提醒某人做某事”，故填to be。 知识点17 ability 形容词 able能够的，unable不能够的，disabled残疾的 be able to do sth能够做某事 名词 ability能力，disability残疾 the ability to do sth 做某事的能力 With enough practice, you will be able to speak English fluently. 通过足够的练习，你将能够流利地说英语。 He was born disabled, but he never gave up on his dreams. 他天生残疾，但从未放弃自己的梦想。 Reading widely can improve your ability to understand others. 广泛阅读可以提高你理解他人的能力。 The new law protects the rights of people with disabilities. 新法律保护残疾人的权利。 Not everyone has the ability _______ (stay) calm under pressure. 句意：不是每个人都有在压力下保持冷静的能力。have the ability to do sth“有能力做某事”，故填to stay。 知识点18 achieve vt. 实现、达到、完成、取得。后接名词。 She achieved her dream of becoming a teacher after years of hard work. 经过多年的努力，她实现了当老师的梦想。 He achieved first place in the English speech competition last week. 他上周在英语演讲比赛中获得了第一名。 achieve、reach与realize achieve 实现、取得。通过努力达成重要目标 achieve success / one’s dream/goals reach 到达、达到。到达某个点或水平 reach a goal / the top realize 实现、意识到。使梦想成为现实 realize one's dream achieve的名词是achievement，意为“成就”。a sense of achievement意为“成就感”。 有了耐心和努力，你会一步步实现自己的目标。 ____________, you will _____________ step by step. “有了”表示伴随，表达为with，“耐心和努力”表达为patience and efforts；“实现目标”achieve your goals，will后接动词原形。故填With patience and efforts；achieve your goals。 知识点19 influence 1 have an influence on 对……有影响 Social media has a strong influence on how young people think. 社交媒体对年轻人的思维方式有很强的影响。 2 influence sb/sth 影响某人/某事 Don't let other people's opinions influence your own decisions.不要让别人的意见影响你自己的决定。 3 influence sb to do sth 影响某人做某事 My mother influenced me to take up reading as a hobby. 我妈妈影响我把阅读当作一种爱好。 常见实用短语有： deeply influence 深刻影响；have a good/positive influence 有良好/正面影响；cultural influence 文化影响 孩子的家庭环境对他或她的未来有着深远的影响。 A child's family environment ________________ his or her future. 原句中“有着深远的影响”是关键词，“对……有深远影响”表达为have a deep influence on/deeply influence，主语environment是三单，谓语动词用has或influences。故填has a deep influence on/deeply influences。 知识点20 it作形式主语 当真正的主语是不定式短语或从句时，为了避免句子头重脚轻，用it放在句首作形式主语，把真正的主语移到后面。 1 it is adj to do sth做某事是……的 It is dangerous to swim alone in the deep river. 独自在深河里游泳很危险。 2 it is adj for sb to do sth 对某人而言，做某事是……的。其中形容词是描述不定式所具备的特征，如：necessary，important，easy等 It is important for students to develop good study habits. 对学生来说，养成良好的学习习惯很重要。 3 it is adj of sb to do sth某人做某事真是……其中形容词是人的特征或品质，如：kind，honest，careless等 It is clever of her to solve the problem so quickly. 她这么快就解决了问题，真聪明。 4 It seems to sb that+从句 在某人看来……；某人觉得……，it指代从句 It seems to the teacher that the students have not understood the lesson. 在老师看来，学生们还没有理解这节课的内容。 有些形容词前既可以用of也可以用for，需要仔细判断，如：good，nice It is nice of you to help me carry the heavy box. 你帮我搬这个重箱子，真是太好了。 It is nice for children to play outside instead of staying indoors all day. 孩子们在外面玩而不是整天待在室内，对他们来说很好。 it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语 She thinks it important to arrive on time.（形式宾语）→She thinks it is important to arrive on time.（形式主语）她认为准时到达非常重要。 那个小男孩虽然害怕但还是说了实话，真勇敢。 _______________ the little boy to tell the truth _________ he was scared. 原句中“真勇敢”和“虽然”是关键词。“真勇敢”表达为it is brave of sb to do，由“he was scared”可知是一般过去时，“虽然”even though/though。故填It was brave of；even though/though。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单词拼写 1．（2025·云南大理·二模）People are waiting for the bus ________ in a line. (patient) 【答案】patiently 【详解】句意：人们正在耐心地排队等公交车。“patient”是形容词“有耐心的”，而此句中需要一个副词来修饰动词短语“waiting for”，表示“等待”这个动作进行的方式，“patient”的副词形式是“patiently”，在句中作状语。故填patiently。 2．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）What trouble do you have ________ (explain) the reason to the policeman? 【答案】explaining 【详解】句意：向警察解释原因时，你有什么困难？have trouble (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”，空处用动名词形式。故填explaining。 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）After the task you promised ________ (finish) and review, we’ll start the next one. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：在这个你承诺完成并审查的任务后，我们将开始下一个。根据“you promised ... ”可知，promise to do sth“承诺做某事”。故填to finish。 4．（2026·甘肃定西·三模）Su Yiming expected ________ (win) a gold medal when he was 10 years old. 【答案】to win 【详解】句意：苏翊鸣在10岁时就期望赢得一枚金牌。expect to do sth意思是“期望做某事”，expect后需要接动词不定式作宾语，因此，给的动词win要变成不定式形式to win。 5．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期末）The little boy is old enough ________ (look) after himself when his parents are out. 【答案】to look 【详解】句意：当父母外出时，这个小男孩已经足够大了，能照顾自己了。look after“照料”，动词短语；固定结构adj.+enough to do sth.表示“足够……去做某事”，因此look需要用动词不定式形式to look。故填to look。 6．（2026·江苏无锡·一模）My father often reminds me ________ (save) pocket money instead of spending it all. 【答案】to save 【详解】句意：我父亲经常提醒我存下零花钱，而不是把它全部花掉。固定搭配remind sb to do sth，意为“提醒某人做某事”，因此用不定式to save。 7．（25-26八年级上·山东东营·期中）It’s not enough ________ (study) well. You also need to have a healthy body and mind. 【答案】to study 【详解】句意：仅仅学好是不够的。你还需要有一个健康的身心。It是形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故填to study。 8．（24-25八年级下·甘肃平凉·期末）Joining a volunteer program made me feel a real sense of ________ (achieve). 【答案】achievement 【详解】句意：参加志愿者项目让我有一种真正的成就感。a sense of表示“……感”，后加名词，achieve的名词是achievement“成就”。故填achievement。 9．（25-26八年级上·上海徐汇·期中）Many students today join in ________ learning activities after school to explore their interests. (volunteer) 【答案】voluntary 【详解】句意：如今许多学生在课后参加志愿学习活动来探索自己的兴趣。“volunteer”是名词，此处需用形容词“voluntary”修饰名词“learning activities”，作定语。故填voluntary。 10．（2025·甘肃武威·一模）He is confident enough ________ (make) a speech in front of the public. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：他有足够的信心在公众面前发表演讲。分析题干可知，此处应用“形容词+enough+to do sth.”结构表示“足够……去做某事”，结合提示词可知，空处应填动词不定式to make。故填to make。 11．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期末）A student won’t improve his grades unless he ________ (develop) good study habits. 【答案】develops 【详解】句意：一个学生除非养成良好的学习习惯，否则他的成绩不会提高。根据“A student won’t improve his grades unless he…”可知，句子为unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则；主句为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时，主语为“he”，谓语动词应用三单形式develops。故填develops。 12．（23-24八年级下·广东深圳·期中）All the passengers are required ________ (wear) seat belts by law. 【答案】to wear 【详解】句意：法律要求所有乘客系好安全带。be required to do sth.表示“被要求做某事”，所以空处应填动词不定式。故填to wear。 13．（24-25八年级下·甘肃武威·期末）I think Yu Gong could build a road instead of ________ (move) the mountains. 【答案】moving 【详解】句意：我认为愚公可以修一条路，而不是移走那些山石。instead of doing sth“而不是做某事”，故填moving。 14．（25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期中）Make sure that good ________ (behave) is encouraged. 【答案】behaviour/behavior 【详解】句意：确保良好的行为举止被鼓励。behave意为“表现”，是动词，good“好的”是形容词，其后修饰名词，behave的名词形式是behaviour或behavior，意为“行为、举止”，是不可数名词，在从句中作主语。 15．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Amy is full of ________ (confident) to open up a new world to herself. 【答案】confidence 【详解】句意：艾米满怀信心地为自己开辟一个新世界。be full of意为“充满”，后接名词；confident的名词形式confidence意为“信心”，符合语境。故填confidence。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、短文填空 （24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）根据短文内容，填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 On May 6, Zhao Xintong, 28, made many perfect shots. In the final, he played against a 1 (Europe) player Mark Williams. And he 2 (success) won the World Snooker Championship. He made history. He becomes the 3 (one) Asian player to win the title. Some people joked that his shots have GPS. They don’t, of course. But there is science behind his shots. One key is angle (角度). A 4 (play) uses the white ball to hit other ones. An angle 5 (make) when the white ball hits another one. Where does the white ball go? ●Hit the top ●Hit the center ●Hit the bottom The white ball can spin and move 6 different ways. It stops in the right place for the next shot. 7 ball that is hit will always go this. Another key is spin (旋转). When a player 8 (hit) any part of the white ball except its center, the ball spins right away. Great players are good at 9 (use) angles and spins. So, they can work out where the balls will go. They can also plan where the white ball stops. 10 it ends up behind another ball, it is hard for their rivals (对手) to make a good shot next. You see, snooker is more than just a game-it’s a mix of skill and science. 【答案】 1．European 2．successfully 3．first 4．player 5．is made 6．in 7．The 8．hits 9．using 10．If/When 【导语】本文借赵心童夺冠，讲斯诺克击球的角度、旋转等科学技巧。 1．句意：在决赛中，他对阵一名欧洲选手马克·威廉姆斯。此处修饰名词“player”，需用形容词European“欧洲的”，作定语。故填European。 2．句意：并且他成功地赢得了世界斯诺克锦标赛冠军。此处修饰动词“won”，要用副词，“successfully”成功地，在句中作状语。故填successfully。 3．句意：他成为首位赢得该头衔的亚洲选手。定冠词“the” + 序数词，表“第几”。one是基数词，其序数词first“第一”。故填first。 4．句意：一名选手用白球击打其他球。不定冠词“A”后接可数名词单数，player“选手、玩家”。故填player。 5．句意：当白球击中另一个球时，一个角度就形成了。句子主语“An angle”和动词“make”是被动关系，且描述客观规律，用一般现在时的被动语态“is made”。故填is made。 6．句意：白球可以旋转，并以不同方式移动。in...ways表示“以……方式”，固定词组。故填in。 7．句意：被击中的球总会朝这个方向运动。此处表示特指被击中的球，用冠词the。故填The。 8．句意：当一名选手击打白球除中心外的任何部位时，球立刻开始旋转。主句“the ball spins right away”是一般现在时，此处也用一般现在时，主语“a player”是第三人称单数，动词“hit”变第三人称单数形式“hits”。故填hits。 9．句意：优秀的选手擅长运用角度和旋转。be good at doing sth“擅长做某事”，形容词短语。故填using。 10．句意：如果/当它最终停在另一个球后面，对手接下来就很难打出好球了。结合语境可知，表假设情况时用“If”，引导条件状语从句；表客观时间关联时用“When”，引导时间状语从句。故填If/When。 二、阅读理解 （24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 Since everyone likes to be around people with good manners, one can never learn too much about manners. Here are some rules that may help you become a more polite person. In public, it is kind to hold the door open for others, especially when you see someone with arms full or who might have difficulty getting in. Never allow a door to shut heavily on anyone following you. But avoid holding a door open when someone is a bit far away. 11 Be kind to people who work for you, such as waiters, shopkeepers and postmen. It is kind to smile and say “thank you” to them when they are easily forgotten by most people. They work hard so that we can enjoy our lives. 12 Take off your headphones (耳机) before you speak to someone. At the end of a phone call with people older than you, it’s proper to make sure they end the phone call first. 13 Loud noise is always unwelcome and may even cause fights. 14 Hear them out before expressing your own opinion. Allow them to voice their opinions, even when you don’t agree with them. Use your communication skills instead of raising your voice to express yourself. Also, when you are in a group conversation, make eye contact with others. This shows that you are paying attention. Try to share the “talking time” fairly. 15 And if you need to leave the conversation briefly (简短地), excuse yourself politely. A．Don’t cut in on people when they talk. B．This might cause them to hurry up to the door. C．It’s important to let them know their work is seen by us. D．Always remember to use words instead of fights to work out problems. E．It’s wise to get to the meeting room 15 minutes before the meeting starts. F．When in public, don’t play music or videos loudly on your mobile phones. G．Don’t always be the one who talks the most, but also make sure you get a chance to share your ideas. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．F 14．A 15．G 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何成为一个更有礼貌的人，并提供了几条具体的礼仪规则。 【详解】11．根据“But avoid holding a door open when someone is a bit far away.”可知，此段主要围绕在公共场合开门这一行为展开描述，选项B“这可能会让他们想赶紧往门口走。”进一步解释如果有人离得比较远，就不要一直扶着门的原因。故选B。 12．根据“Be kind to people who work for you, such as waiters, shopkeepers and postmen. It is kind to smile and say ‘thank you’ to them when they are easily forgotten by most people. They work hard so that we can enjoy our lives.”可知，此段强调要对为自己工作的人友善，要感谢他们，选项C“让他们知道我们看到了他们的工作，这很重要。”符合此段主旨，故选C。 13．根据“Loud noise is always unwelcome and may even cause fights.”可知，此段提到大声的噪音不受欢迎甚至可能引发争吵，选项F“在公共场合，不要在手机上大声播放音乐或视频。”符合语境，故选F。 14．根据“Hear them out before expressing your own opinion.”可知，此段主要讲在交流中要倾听他人意见，选项A“别人说话时不要打断他们。”符合此段关于交流方式的主题，故选A。 15．根据“Also, when you are in a group conversation, make eye contact with others. This shows that you are paying attention. Try to share the ‘talking time’ fairly.”可知，此段讲在群体对话中要注意眼神交流和公平分享说话时间，选项G“不要总是做说话最多的那个人，但也要确保自己有机会分享想法。”进一步阐述了在群体对话中关于说话时间的要点，符合语境，故选G。 三、阅读理解 （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Sophie Pascoe is one of New Zealand’s greatest Paralympic swimmers. Her incredible journey began in Christchurch, where she was born on January 8, 1993. At just three years old, her life changed forever when a lawnmower accident severely injured her left leg. After five hours of surgery, doctors had to amputate it below the knee. Despite this challenge, Sophie refused to let her disability define her. At seven, she started swimming lessons. At first, she struggled—her artificial leg made balancing difficult, and she often swallowed water. But with her family’s support and her coach’s guidance, she trained hard every day. Within a year, she was swimming faster than many able-bodied children. When Sophie was nine, her grandfather became very sick with lung cancer. Before he passed away, she made him a promise: “I will win a gold medal for you at the Paralympics.” This promise became her motivation. At 15, Sophie made history as New Zealand’s youngest Paralympian at Beijing 2008. She won three gold medals and one silver, breaking world records. Standing on the podium, she looked up, imagining her grandfather’s proud smile. Her success continued at three more Paralympics—London 2012, Rio 2016, and Tokyo 2020—where she won a total of 15 medals (9 gold, 6 silver). She is now one of the most decorated Paralympic swimmers in history. But Sophie’s impact goes beyond medals. She works to inspire others through her “Accessible Sports” program, helping disabled children participate in sports. She visits schools, sharing her message: “Disability doesn’t mean inability. The only limits are the ones we set for ourselves.” Her autobiography, Breaking Waves, became a bestseller in New Zealand. In 2022, she received the country’s highest civilian honor. Sophie’s story teaches us that with courage and determination, anything is possible. 16．How did Sophie Pascoe’s promise to her grandfather influence her life? A．It made her give up swimming training. B．It became the motivation for her hard training. C．It made her focus on studies instead of sports. D．It led her to start helping other disabled children. 17．Which shows the correct order of events in Sophie Pascoe’s life? (Put the following in the correct order according to the passage) a. Won 3 gold medals at her first Paralympics    b: Started swimming lessons c. Launched “Accessible Sports” program    d. Suffered a lawnmower accident A．dbac B．bdca C．dabc D．badc 18．How does Sophie Pascoe continue to inspire others after her competitive career? A．Only by writing her autobiography. B．By participating in more swimming competitions. C．By creating programs and giving school speeches. D．By working as a swimming coach. 19．What is the central message of Sophie Pascoe’s story? A．Winning medals is the most important goal in sports. B．Physical disabilities can be overcome with determination. C．Family support is necessary for athletic success. D．Swimming is the best sport for disabled athletes. 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．C 19．B 【导语】本文讲述了新西兰残奥游泳运动员Sophie Pascoe如何克服身体残疾，通过不懈努力成为多届残奥会奖牌得主，并通过公益项目激励他人的励志故事。 16．细节理解题。根据“Before he passed away, she made him a promise: ‘I will win a gold medal for you at the Paralympics.’ This promise became her motivation.”可知，Sophie对祖父的承诺成为她努力训练的动力。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据“At just three years old, her life changed forever when a lawnmower accident severely injured her left leg”可知，首先是“d. Suffered a lawnmower accident”（三岁时遭遇割草机事故），根据“At seven, she started swimming lessons”可知，接着是“b: Started swimming lessons”（七岁开始上游泳课），根据“She won three gold medals and one silver, breaking world records.”可知，然后是“a. Won 3 gold medals at her first Paralympics”（15 岁时在首次参加的残奥会中获得 3 枚金牌），根据“She works to inspire others through her ‘Accessible Sports’ program, helping disabled children participate in sports.”可知，最后是“c. Launched ‘Accessible Sports’ program”（在残奥会取得成功后推出 “无障碍体育” 项目），对应顺序为 dbac。故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据“She works to inspire others through her ‘Accessible Sports’ program… She visits schools, sharing her message”可知，Sophie通过创建项目和学校演讲继续激励他人。故选C。 19．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是“Disability doesn’t mean inability. The only limits are the ones we set for ourselves”可知，Sophie的故事核心信息是“身体残疾可以通过决心克服”。故选B。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） （24-25八年级下·广东深圳·期末）Tim’s family were going to visit Grandma in Nevada this summer holiday. Tim was 1 because he wanted to be with his friends. “Grandma wants to see you.” Mom said, “She can’t wait to take you to 2 in a desert.” The next morning, Grandma drove them to the desert. As they hiked, Tim learned that the animals find different 3 to live in the hot weather. He wondered if he could get used to the climate. “Look at that!” Tim seemed so 4 and shouted, “The turtle carries its home on its back!” Grandma smiled at Tim’s excitement. She said, “That is a desert tortoise. It looks for the shade (阴凉) made by the dark 5 of rocks to cool off.” Just then a rabbit hopped by. Grandma explained that the rabbit’s 6 ears help it stay cool. These animals are so cool! Tim thought. When Grandma was talking about how some animals slept to stay cool during the day and 7 at night, a Horned Owl (猫头鹰) flew above them. “It will soon be time for the owl to hunt, and we’d better 8 now.” Dad reminded. “Aw, this holiday is going by too 9 ,” Tim said. When Grandma asked him about the 10 , Tim replied, “What heat? I feel as cool and fresh as a new flower!” Everyone laughed. 1．A．calm B．amazed C．unhappy D．curious 2．A．race B．hike C．ride D．camp 3．A．ways B．steps C．friends D．islands 4．A．brave B．angry C．worried D．excited 5．A．bush B．mark C．shape D．land 6．A．round B．sharp C．small D．large 7．A．jumped B．hunted C．studied D．walked 8．A．sit down B．take off C．go back D．move on 9．A．quickly B．simply C．slowly D．secretly 10．A．trip B．heat C．season D．result 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tim一家去内华达州看望奶奶并在沙漠游玩的经历，展现了Tim的情绪变化；Tim起初因暑假不能和朋友在一起而不情愿去内华达州看望奶奶，但在沙漠徒步中，他被沙漠动物的生存智慧吸引，逐渐享受假期，最终不再在意炎热，爱上了这次旅行。 1．句意：Tim很不开心，因为他想和朋友们待在一起。 calm冷静的；amazed惊讶的；unhappy不开心的；curious好奇的。根据下文“because he wanted to be with his friends”可知，他想和朋友们在一起，说明他起初对旅行是抗拒的，所以此处是指Tim是不开心的。故选C。 2．句意：她迫不及待想带你去沙漠徒步。 race赛跑；hike徒步；ride骑行；camp露营。根据下文“As they hiked”可知，此处是指奶奶想带他在沙漠里徒步。故选B。 3．句意：徒步时，Tim了解到动物们在炎热的天气里找到了不同的生存方法。 ways方式；steps步骤；friends朋友；islands岛屿。根据下文“That is a desert tortoise. It looks for the shade”和“the rabbit’s … ears help it stay cool”可知，沙漠陆龟寻找阴凉、兔子大耳朵散热，所以此处是指动物适应炎热的生存方法。故选A。 4．句意：Tim 看起来很兴奋，大喊道：“那只乌龟把家背在背上！” brave勇敢的；angry生气的；worried担心的；excited兴奋的。根据下文“shouted”和 “Grandma smiled at Tim’s excitement”可知，此处是指Tim是很兴奋的。故选D。 5．句意：它会寻找由岩石的阴影所形成的阴凉处来避暑降温。 bush灌木丛；mark标记；shape形状；land土地。根据语境可知，沙漠陆龟为了躲避高温，会爬到岩石的背阴处乘凉；因此，dark shape of rocks并非强调岩石本身的颜色，而是指岩石遮挡阳光后产生的阴凉处。故选C。 6．句意：奶奶解释说兔子的大耳朵能帮助它保持凉爽。 round圆形的；sharp尖锐的；small小的；large大的。根据生物学常识可知，沙漠兔的大耳朵能散热，且下文“stay cool”直接对应此功能。故选D。 7．句意：当奶奶讲到有些动物白天睡觉降温、晚上捕猎时，一只猫头鹰从他们头顶飞过。 jumped跳跃；hunted狩猎；studied学习；walked行走。根据下文“It will soon be time for the owl to hunt,”可知，它很快就要捕猎了，所以此处是指有些动物白天睡觉，晚上捕猎。故选B。 8．句意：爸爸提醒道：“猫头鹰很快就要捕猎了，我们最好现在回去。” sit down坐下；take off起飞；go back返回；move on继续前进。根据上文“It will soon be time for the owl to hunt,”可知，猫头鹰即将捕猎，人类应离开危险区域，所以此处是指他们最好回去，符合安全逻辑。故选C。 9．句意：“唉，这个假期过得太快了。”Tim 说。 quickly快速地；simply简单地；slowly缓慢地；secretly秘密地。根据语境可知，Tim此时已喜欢上了假期，因此觉得假期过得太快了。故选A。 10．句意：当奶奶问他热不热时，蒂姆回答：“热什么热？我觉得自己像一朵刚开的花儿一样清爽凉快！” trip旅行；heat炎热；season季节；result结果。根据下文“What heat? I feel as cool...”可知，此处是指奶奶询问他对炎热的感受。故选B。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $