Unit 4 Inventions（暑假单元自测）新八年级英语新教材沪教版上册

**基本信息** 本卷为沪教版新教材Unit 4 Inventions单元自测卷，围绕“发明”主题，通过多样题型融合语言能力与文化意识，适合暑假单元巩固，助力学生理解发明与生活的关联。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10/10|语法（如比较级句型）、词汇（如depend on）|基础语法与单元主题词汇结合，夯实语言能力| |完形填空|10/10|上下文理解、动词辨析（如invented）|以魔术贴、薯片等真实发明故事为载体，培养思维品质| |阅读|35/35|细节理解、推理判断（如条形码作用）|融合仓颉造字（文化传承）与机器人技术（科技前沿），提升文化意识| |项目情景|15/15|信息匹配、简答（如鲁班发明目的）|任务型设计（如国际发明展配对），联系生活实际，发展学习能力| |写作|30/30|词汇运用（如solar power）、篇章写作（新四大发明投票）|结合环保（太阳能板）与文化（古代暖手炉），综合提升语言表达与思维深度|

Unit 4 Inventions单元自测（新教材沪教版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1．________ many people dream of being famous, ________ not everyone achieves their dream. A．Although, but B．Although, / C．But, although D．But, / 2．Eating fresh fruit and vegetables every day can ________ us a lot by providing enough vitamins. A．accept B．reach C．pay D．benefit 3．Don’t ______ others too much. You should learn to do things by yourself. A．take after B．care about C．hear from D．depend on 4．Linda writes as ________ as Lily and they’re good students. A．careful B．carefully C．more careful D．more carefully 5．A big music festival will ________ next Sunday in Ganzhou Bird Nest. A．take up B．take off C．take place D．take away 6．The man spends ________ money ________ books for scientific research. A．a number of; to buy B．a number of; buying C．a great deal of; to buy D．a great deal of; buying 7．—Shall we visit Wuhu Ancient City? —Yup. Just as the Chinese saying goes, “To hear a hundred times is ________ to see once.” A．as good as B．not so good as C．not so well as D．as well as 8．We’d better have a ___________ discussion if we go to a ___________ place for the class trip. A．further; farther B．farther; further C．farther; farther D．further; farthest 9．I should spend more time learning English so that I can make ________ mistakes and get ________ grades. A．fewer, better B．less, better C．less, worse D．fewer, worse 10．The harder you study, ________ grades you will get. A．the worse B．the worst C．the better D．the best 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A 、B 、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。 The Velcro™ strip (魔术贴) was 11 in Switzerland by a mountaineer called George de Mestral, and one day in 1948, when he took his dog for a walk, the dog picked up many burrs (芒刺果). George tried to pull them out but didn’t succeed. When he got home, he put one of the burrs under his microscope (显微镜) and saw that it was covered in tiny hooks (钩) which made it so 12 to remove the burrs from his dog. This gave him the 13 , and soon Velcro™ strip was born. The potato chip was invented in 1853 by George Crum, a 14 who worked in a restaurant in America. One day, a customer in the restaurant sent back his plate of fried potatoes 15 they were cut too thick. George was so angry that he cut a potato into very thin slices and fried them. Then he put lots of salt on them. He 16 that the customer would hate them, but the customer loved them and asked for more. The most 17 drink in the world, after water of course, is tea. It’s another common thing that was invented 18 . It was invented in China around 5,000 years ago by a Chinese emperor called Shen Nong. The emperor was boiling water to drink over an open fire when some leaves 19 the water from a nearby plant. The emperor 20 that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant smell. He tasted the hot water and found it was quite delicious. And this is the way that tea was invented. 11．A．used B．shared C．sold D．invented 12．A．nervous B．difficult C．dangerous D．boring 13．A．advice B．hope C．test D．idea 14．A．cook B．waiter C．cleaner D．manager 15．A．but B．or C．because D．so 16．A．thought B．regretted C．imagined D．explained 17．A．expensive B．popular C．interesting D．delicious 18．A．gradually B．directly C．accidentally D．suddenly 19．A．fell onto B．fell down C．fell over D．fell into 20．A．noticed B．ordered C．knew D．said 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A In the time of the Yellow Emperor, there were no written words. People recorded things by tying knots (打结) in ropes and carving (雕刻) shapes on stone walls. One day, the Yellow Emperor discussed an event with a wise man named Cang Jie. Cang took out a piece of knotted rope, but he found it was destroyed (毁坏). It was impossible for him to remember the event clearly. Then he turned to a stone wall, but he could hardly read the shapes on it. They were carved by another person. “The ropes were destroyed because of unknown reasons. And the shapes can only be read by a few people,” the emperor said to Cang. “Do you have better ideas to record things?” Cang thought over the problem for days and nights. On the morning after a heavy snowfall, the Earth was completely white. He saw the footprints of some different animals by accident. These footprints helped him to recognize what animals passed by just now. Cang suddenly had an idea. He picked a stick and drew on the snow-covered ground. At first, he drew a tiger and a bear to show that they passed by. But soon, he found it took him too much time to do that. He realized that he had to make the drawings easier. All the shapes on the stone walls came into his mind. Cang kept making all kinds of shapes on the ground. He focused on drawing. To show the Sun for example he used a circle with a dot in the middle. A half circle and a line made up the Moon. And five lines that were not straight were used to show water. These symbols (符号) shone brightly in the snow. In the end, Cang created a whole set of symbols to record things. People could easily understand these symbols. Since then, they have been able to record their own history in this way. 21．Why couldn’t Cang Jie remember the event clearly? A．The knotted rope was destroyed. B．He forgot to tie knots on the rope. C．The Yellow Emperor didn’t tell him. D．He was too tired to remember anything. 22．How does the writer develop Paragraph 5? A．By stating facts. B．By listing numbers. C．By telling stories. D．By giving examples. 23．Which picture best describes the symbol of the water? A． B． C． D． 24．What can we learn from the story? A．Cang Jie created symbols to record events. B．The Yellow Emperor created written symbols. C．People could read and write well before Cang Jie’s time. D．Animal footprints were used as symbols to record things. 25．What can be the best title of the passage? A．Cang Jie and His Drawings B．Cang Jie and the Yellow Emperor C．The History of Ancient Recording Ways D．The Invention of Writing Symbols in China B Have you been amazed by the robot performances at the opening ceremony of the 15th National Games? Actually, robots are now part of our lives. They can not only play music and dance, but also help us a lot in many ways. Sophia Sophia was “born” in Hong Kong and she’s the world’s first-ever robot citizen! She is a mix of AI and human input, so she can have a real conversation with you and develop her own feelings and actions. Besides this, she actually has many difficult tasks as she plays a vital part in science, medical and technology research. With Sophia’s help, scientists can complete their work more successfully. Who knows-maybe one day you will make friends with a robot like Sophia? Cleaning Robots These small, round objects are becoming increasingly popular in homes to give a helping hand with daily housework like cleaning the floor! All you need to do is to give the robot a plan of the space that it has to cover, program when you want it to start the cleaning process and you’re good to go!Restaurant Robots How stressful is it to work at a busy restaurant with not a lot of help? That’s exactly how millions of waiters must feel: sometimes, they have to wait on hundreds of tables but only have two hands! Thankfully, new robot waiters are a great help. The machines have several trays (托盘) so waiters just need to load the plates and let the robots take them over to the table. In some restaurants, cooking robots can even help cook food. Robots are changing our world in cool and useful ways—from talking like friends to cleaning our homes and serving food. They are not just amazing machines, but also our helpful partners. Who knows what amazing robots we will see next? Maybe the next great robot inventor is you! 26．What makes Sophia different from other robots? A．She is popular with Hong Kong scientists. B．She is the first robot citizen in the world. C．She can play music and dance at important events. D．She can help waiters with service in busy restaurants. 27．What does the underlined word “vital” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Important. B．Funny. C．Simple. D．Social. 28．What do you need to do before making a cleaning robot work? A．Let it make friends with other home robots. B．Check its trays and repair the broken plates. C．Teach it to clean the floor and throw away rubbish. D．Give it a space plan and program the cleaning time. 29．How do restaurant robots help waiters? A．Talk with many customers. B．Wait for people by the table. C．Carry plates and help to cook. D．Invent new cleaning machines. 30．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards robots? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Positive. D．Negative. C Barcode (条形码) technology makes shopping in stores faster and easier. The idea began in 1971, when an engineer created a special code. Before barcodes, shop workers had to add up prices by hand one by one. But now with barcodes, their work becomes faster. Time has shown that barcodes are a wonderful invention. Today, they are scanned (扫描) more than 6 billion times every day, and around 2 million companies worldwide count on them. A barcode carries lots of useful information, such as where a product is from, its price, and more. It also helps stores record their stock. For example, if a store has 10 boxes of milk and a customer (顾客) buys one, the barcode can help record the number. Then the store owner can know there are 9 boxes left. The next generation of barcodes, like QR codes, can hold even more information. With just a quick scan using a smartphone, they can gather more information about the products. In this way, shoppers can make smarter choices. Barcodes have truly changed our lives. They save us time and make our daily life much more convenient in ways we might not even notice! 31．What benefit did barcodes bring to shopworkers? A．Higher pay. B．More visitors. C．Faster work. D．Newer products. 32．What do the numbers “6 billion” and “2 million” show? A．The history of barcode technology. B．The number of products in a store. C．The cost of making barcodes. D．The success and importance of barcodes. 33．What does the underlined word “stock” mean in Paragraph 3? A．The number of products. B．The amount of money. C．The number of shop workers. D．The number of customers. 34．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．How QR codes help shoppers choose. B．Why smartphones are important. C．When QR codes were invented. D．What smartphones can do for us. 35．What is the best title for the passage? A．The long history of shopping. B．The invention and use of barcodes. C．The differences between QR codes and barcodes. D．Why barcodes have different lines. 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 以下是一篇短文，请阅读全文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文意思完整、连贯。 A Frenchman, Niépce, needed pictures for his business. 36 So he invented a very simple camera in 1826. He used it to take a picture of his garden. That was the first photo. The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. 37 In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. In 1840, photography was developed once more. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. 38 So it was not easy to take pictures. With the development of science and technology, a young Chinese man, Wang Mengqiu, invented Hover Camera (无人相机). It can record people and things more wonderfully. He once studied at Stanford University in the US. He became famous overnight because of the invention. Hover Camera records movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K videos. You can use a smartphone to control it. It can follow you, flying or staying in mid-air. 39 The camera is designed to be lightweight and portable. It can be folded (折叠) and stored into a small bag, which makes it convenient to carry. 40 This feature makes the camera both practical and user-friendly. In the future, cameras will be designed better and better. People can take more lively photos and videos. A．In this way, it can get the perfect pictures. B．The invention makes photographers no need to carry any machines. C．When the power is low, it can land safely. D．He used a new kind of camera in a different way. E．But the photographers had to carry many machines. F．However, he was not a good painter. 四、项目情景(共两节,满分15分) 第一节 配对阅读(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了国际发明展的六件新展品，请根据Polly、Ellie、Simon、Mike、Doris五位学生的需求选择最适合他们观看的展品，并将其标号。 41 . Simon is a robot fan. He thinks robots can help humans solve many problems. 42 . Polly is especially crazy about gardening. She loves growing plants. 43 . Ellie shows interest in some products which are environmentally friendly. 44 . Doris wants to know some inventions which help her 80-year-old grandpa go out safely. 45 . Mike would like to see some creative products with cool designs to make life easier. A．Cool-designed Fan On hot summer days, many people carry a mini fan to keep themselves cool. But this fan is a little different. You can hold it on your neck. Your hands are free! B．Solar (太阳能) Plant Pot The pot has a solar panel (板). It can run around in the garden and look for sunlight by itself. You don’t need to worry that your plants don’t get enough sunlight. C． Smart Walking stick It can not only help old people keep their balance, but also has GPS, lights and an alarm. If the stick comes within 25 cm of a wall or other objects, it will sound an alarm to warn the user. D．Sugar packet (纸袋糖) The “paper” packet is not paper at all—it melts (融化) into your coffee. This kind of sugar packet means less rubbish. It could save about 2 million pounds (910,000 kg) of trash each year. E. Safety Window The window prevents children from falling out of the window if they try to open it. A protective guard will go up when the window is pulled back down. F. Robot Police The robot can tell people when danger or disasters are coming. It can also do some police work. It can wave its arms and shout: “Don’t move!” 第二节 回答问题(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分) 根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。 Living in the Spring and Autumn period, Lu Ban was a famous craftsman (工匠) and inventor. Lu didn’t like reading or writing when he was young. However, he enjoyed making things and decided to keep doing it every day. He began to learn woodworking from his father at an early age. Lu was smart and hard-working, so he soon learned the skill. Lu Ban wanted to fix problems in people’s lives. Lu once invented a kind of tool called “a wooden horse”. He built it out of strong wood, and it could walk by itself to carry people and things. “I hope this can help farmers carry heavy things,” he said. “In the past, they had to stop and rest many times when moving these things.” According to an ancient story, Lu was invited to the state of Chu. The king asked him to make a flying wooden bird. Lu had a hard time making the bird’s wings move, but he kept doing experiments. Finally, the bird flew! The king thought it was amazing and loved it a lot. But one day, the bird flew away, and the king was sad. To cheer up the king, Lu came up with an idea. He invented a wooden kite in the shape of a bird. Surprisingly, when the kite flew, a real bird even followed it! Both landed in front of the king. The sight blew the king away—he shouted, “You’re the best craftsman!” Lu Ban’s clever ideas and new thoughts made people remember him well. He always tried to fix problems with his inventions. As a great craftsman, he showed us that creativity can change the world. 46．What was Lu Ban in the Spring and Autumn period? 47．Who taught Lu Ban woodworking at an early age? 48．Why did Lu Ban invent the wooden horse? 49．How did the king feel when the wooden bird flew away? 50．What other examples can you use to describe creativity? 五、写作（共三节,满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 根据下列语篇以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词。 Solar panels (太阳能板) are a great invention that can turn the sun’s h 51 and light into electricity. This technology is clean and green. In many countries, we can see a great number of these panels in sunny places. One of the key b 52 of them is that solar power does not need to burn fossil fuels like coal or oil, which helps to protect our environment. The use of solar energy has a very p 53 effect on our planet. It greatly reduces air pollution and helps in the fight against climate change. For many families, putting solar panels on the roof is a smart choice. A 54 the weather can sometimes be a challenge because solar power needs sunlight, it is still a great energy source for our future. Scientists are also working hard to make solar panels even cheaper and b 55 so that they can change more sunlight into electricity and people can use them more conveniently and smoothly. 第二节 语法填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As winter draws to a close, hands can easily get cold. Thick gloves might help. But did ancient Chinese people have to stand (忍受) it? 56 (possible)! —they had a small tool called hand warmers. No exact written record shows how this tool started, 57 some stories tell of its start. One folk story says Emperor Yangdi from the Sui dynasty visited Jiangsu in winter. It was so cold that the local official asked workers 58 (make) a small warmer for the emperor. That may be how the hand 59 (warm) began to be used. By the Song dynasty, it was already common. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the skills for making it spread widely. And they became the 60 (easy) to carry and nicest to look at. Many Qing Dynasty texts describe hand warmers. For example, in the Dream of the Red Chamber, a young girl 61 (careful) brings one to Lin Daiyu. Ancient hand warmers were usually bronze (青铜) or ceramic (陶瓷), and they came in different designs. People often made 62 (they) round, square or with eight sides. Some even looked like pumpkins, flowers or turtle shells (乌龟壳). Even today, many people are 63 (benefit) from this old and clever idea. More and more young people now show interest 64 these beautiful objects. In the future, people 65 (continue) to create new tools, but the clever and warm ideas from ancient China will always be part of our lives. 第三节、书面表达（15分） 66．近年来，中国新四大发明在网络上广受热议。假如你是李华，你们学校围绕中国新四大发明（Four Great New Inventions of China）主题举办了一场关于“最实用的发明”的投票活动（voting activity）。请你根据以下表格的内容写一篇文章，介绍这次活动及结果；并选择其中一项你最喜欢的发明，分享你的想法。 The Most Practical Invention Inventions Shared bikes Digital payment High-speed train Online shopping Percentage 10% 35% 30% 25% Your opinion and reasons 1...  2... 要求：（1）表格内容可适当发挥，100词左右； （2）文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。 （3）短文开头句子不计入总词数。 In my school, we held a voting activity about the most practical invention among the four great new inventions of China. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Inventions单元自测（新教材沪教版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1．________ many people dream of being famous, ________ not everyone achieves their dream. A．Although, but B．Although, / C．But, although D．But, / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然很多人都梦想成名，但并不是每个人都能实现自己的梦想。 Although虽然；but 但是。英语中although和but不能同时使用，句首需要引导让步状语从句的连词Although，第二个空无需填词。 2．Eating fresh fruit and vegetables every day can ________ us a lot by providing enough vitamins. A．accept B．reach C．pay D．benefit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每天吃新鲜水果和蔬菜能通过提供足够的维生素使我们受益匪浅。 accept接受；reach到达；pay支付；benefit使受益。根据“by providing enough vitamins”可知，新鲜果蔬能带来好处，因此应填benefit。benefit sb.意为“使某人受益”。 3．Don’t ______ others too much. You should learn to do things by yourself. A．take after B．care about C．hear from D．depend on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不要太依赖别人。你应该学会自己做事。   take after长得像/性格类似；care about关心；hear from收到……的来信；depend on依赖/依靠。 根据“You should learn to do things by yourself”的提示，前半句应表达“不要过度依赖他人”，“depend on”符合语义。 4．Linda writes as ________ as Lily and they’re good students. A．careful B．carefully C．more careful D．more carefully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：琳达写得和莉莉一样认真，她们都是好学生。 考查副词原级比较。careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词；more careful更仔细的，形容词比较级；more carefully更仔细地，副词比较级。句中“as…as”表示“和……一样”，中间需用形容词或副词的原级；修饰动词“writes”应使用副词“carefully”。故选B。 5．A big music festival will ________ next Sunday in Ganzhou Bird Nest. A．take up B．take off C．take place D．take away 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一场大型音乐节将于下周日在赣州鸟巢举行。 考查动词短语辨析。take up占据（时间/空间）；take off起飞，脱下；take place发生，举行；take away带走。根据主语“A big music festival”和将来时态可知，此处表示“举行”的含义。故选C。 6．The man spends ________ money ________ books for scientific research. A．a number of; to buy B．a number of; buying C．a great deal of; to buy D．a great deal of; buying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个人花费大量金钱购买用于科学研究的书籍。 考查短语辨析及固定用法。a number of许多，修饰可数名词；to buy动词不定式；a number of许多；buying动名词；a great deal of大量，修饰不可数名词；to buy动词不定式；a great deal of大量；buying动名词。句中“money”为不可数名词，需用“a great deal of”修饰；且“spend money (in) doing sth.”为固定搭配，表示“花钱做某事”。故选D。 7．—Shall we visit Wuhu Ancient City? —Yup. Just as the Chinese saying goes, “To hear a hundred times is ________ to see once.” A．as good as B．not so good as C．not so well as D．as well as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们去参观芜湖古城吧？——好。正如中国俗语所说：“百闻不如一见。” 考查固定搭配和比较结构。as good as和……一样好，good为形容词；not so good as不如……好；not so well as不如……好，well为副词；as well as和……一样好（也作“以及”解）。俗语“百闻不如一见”的英文对应表达为“To hear a hundred times is not so good as to see once.”，强调“听百次不如见一次”，用not so good as表示“不如……好”，形容词good在句中作表语。故选B。 8．We’d better have a ___________ discussion if we go to a ___________ place for the class trip. A．further; farther B．farther; further C．farther; farther D．further; farthest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我们去更远的地方进行班级旅行，最好再讨论一下。further 表示的是程度，意思是“进一步的”；farther 表示的是路程的远近，意思是“更远的”，结合句意可知，答案为A。 9．I should spend more time learning English so that I can make ________ mistakes and get ________ grades. A．fewer, better B．less, better C．less, worse D．fewer, worse 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我应该花更多时间学习英语，这样我就能犯更少的错误，取得更好的成绩。 考查形容词比较级辨析。fewer更少的,修饰可数名词复数；less,更少的,修饰不可数名词；better,更好的；worse更差的,better和worse都可修饰可数或不可数名词。第一空后“mistakes”为可数名词复数，应使用fewer；第二空根据“花更多时间学习英语”的积极目的，应取得“更好的”成绩，用better。故选A。 10．The harder you study, ________ grades you will get. A．the worse B．the worst C．the better D．the best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你越努力学习，你取得的成绩就越好。 考查the+比较级，the+比较级结构。the worse更差；the worst最差；the better更好；the best最好。根据“The harder you study”可知，后半句需用比较级“the better”与之对应，表示“成绩越好”。故选C。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A 、B 、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。 The Velcro™ strip (魔术贴) was 11 in Switzerland by a mountaineer called George de Mestral, and one day in 1948, when he took his dog for a walk, the dog picked up many burrs (芒刺果). George tried to pull them out but didn’t succeed. When he got home, he put one of the burrs under his microscope (显微镜) and saw that it was covered in tiny hooks (钩) which made it so 12 to remove the burrs from his dog. This gave him the 13 , and soon Velcro™ strip was born. The potato chip was invented in 1853 by George Crum, a 14 who worked in a restaurant in America. One day, a customer in the restaurant sent back his plate of fried potatoes 15 they were cut too thick. George was so angry that he cut a potato into very thin slices and fried them. Then he put lots of salt on them. He 16 that the customer would hate them, but the customer loved them and asked for more. The most 17 drink in the world, after water of course, is tea. It’s another common thing that was invented 18 . It was invented in China around 5,000 years ago by a Chinese emperor called Shen Nong. The emperor was boiling water to drink over an open fire when some leaves 19 the water from a nearby plant. The emperor 20 that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant smell. He tasted the hot water and found it was quite delicious. And this is the way that tea was invented. 11．A．used B．shared C．sold D．invented 12．A．nervous B．difficult C．dangerous D．boring 13．A．advice B．hope C．test D．idea 14．A．cook B．waiter C．cleaner D．manager 15．A．but B．or C．because D．so 16．A．thought B．regretted C．imagined D．explained 17．A．expensive B．popular C．interesting D．delicious 18．A．gradually B．directly C．accidentally D．suddenly 19．A．fell onto B．fell down C．fell over D．fell into 20．A．noticed B．ordered C．knew D．said 【答案】 11．D 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了魔术贴、薯片和茶这三样东西的发明过程。 11．句意：Velcro魔术贴条是由一位名叫George de Mestral的登山家在瑞士发明的，1948年的一天他带着狗散步时狗身上粘了很多芒刺果。 used使用；shared分享；sold售卖；invented发明。根据“And soon, Velcro strip was born.”可知，是被发明，故选D。 12．句意：回到家后他把其中一个芒刺果放在显微镜下观察，发现它表面布满了细小的钩子，这让他从狗身上取下芒刺果变得非常困难。 nervous紧张的；difficult困难的；dangerous危险的；boring无聊的。根据“George tried to pull them out but didn’t succeed”可知，取下很困难，故选B。 13．句意：这给了他一个想法，很快Velcro魔术贴条就诞生了。 advice建议；hope希望；test测试；idea想法。根据“This gave him”和“and soon Velcro™ strip was born.”可知，是产生了发明灵感，有了想法，故选D。 14．句意：薯片是1853年由George Crum发明的，他是一名在美国一家餐厅工作的厨师。 cook厨师；waiter服务员；cleaner清洁工；manager经理。根据“George was so angry that he cut a potato into very thin slices and fried them. Then he put lots of salt on them.”可知，是厨师，故选A。 15．句意：一天餐厅里的一位顾客把炸土豆退了回来，因为土豆切得太厚了。 but但是；or或者；because因为；so所以。根据“a customer in the restaurant sent back his plate of fried potatoes”和“they were cut too thick.”可知，此处引导原因状语从句，故选C。 16．句意：他认为顾客会讨厌这些土豆片，但顾客却很喜欢，还要求再来一份。 thought认为；regretted后悔；imagined想象；explained解释。根据“He...that the customer would hate them, but the customer loved them and asked for more.”并结合备选项可知，应是他主观认为顾客会讨厌，故选A。 17．句意：世界上最受欢迎的饮品，当然除了水之外，就是茶。 expensive昂贵的；popular受欢迎的；interesting有趣的；delicious美味的。根据“after water of course”并结合备选项可知，应是受欢迎的饮品，故选B。 18．句意：这是另一个被偶然发明出来的常见东西。 gradually逐渐地；directly直接地；accidentally偶然地；suddenly突然地。根据前文两个发明的发明过程并结合备选项可知，是偶然发明，故选C。 19．句意：神农皇帝在户外煮水时，附近植物的一些树叶掉进了水里。 fell onto掉到……上；fell down摔倒；fell over绊倒；fell into掉进。根据“some leaves...the water from a nearby plant”可知，应是树叶落入水中，故选D。 20．句意：皇帝注意到水里的叶子散发出一种怡人的气味。 noticed注意到；ordered命令；knew知道；said说。根据“that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant smell.”并结合备选项可知，应是注意到气味，故选A。 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A In the time of the Yellow Emperor, there were no written words. People recorded things by tying knots (打结) in ropes and carving (雕刻) shapes on stone walls. One day, the Yellow Emperor discussed an event with a wise man named Cang Jie. Cang took out a piece of knotted rope, but he found it was destroyed (毁坏). It was impossible for him to remember the event clearly. Then he turned to a stone wall, but he could hardly read the shapes on it. They were carved by another person. “The ropes were destroyed because of unknown reasons. And the shapes can only be read by a few people,” the emperor said to Cang. “Do you have better ideas to record things?” Cang thought over the problem for days and nights. On the morning after a heavy snowfall, the Earth was completely white. He saw the footprints of some different animals by accident. These footprints helped him to recognize what animals passed by just now. Cang suddenly had an idea. He picked a stick and drew on the snow-covered ground. At first, he drew a tiger and a bear to show that they passed by. But soon, he found it took him too much time to do that. He realized that he had to make the drawings easier. All the shapes on the stone walls came into his mind. Cang kept making all kinds of shapes on the ground. He focused on drawing. To show the Sun for example he used a circle with a dot in the middle. A half circle and a line made up the Moon. And five lines that were not straight were used to show water. These symbols (符号) shone brightly in the snow. In the end, Cang created a whole set of symbols to record things. People could easily understand these symbols. Since then, they have been able to record their own history in this way. 21．Why couldn’t Cang Jie remember the event clearly? A．The knotted rope was destroyed. B．He forgot to tie knots on the rope. C．The Yellow Emperor didn’t tell him. D．He was too tired to remember anything. 22．How does the writer develop Paragraph 5? A．By stating facts. B．By listing numbers. C．By telling stories. D．By giving examples. 23．Which picture best describes the symbol of the water? A． B． C． D． 24．What can we learn from the story? A．Cang Jie created symbols to record events. B．The Yellow Emperor created written symbols. C．People could read and write well before Cang Jie’s time. D．Animal footprints were used as symbols to record things. 25．What can be the best title of the passage? A．Cang Jie and His Drawings B．Cang Jie and the Yellow Emperor C．The History of Ancient Recording Ways D．The Invention of Writing Symbols in China 【答案】21．A 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在没有文字的黄帝时期，仓颉因结绳记事、石刻记事的缺陷，受动物脚印启发，创造出一套文字符号来记录事物的故事。 【详解】21．第二段提到：“Cang took out a piece of knotted rope, but he found it was destroyed. It was impossible for him to remember the event clearly.”，仓颉用来记事的结绳被毁坏了，导致他无法清晰回忆事件。 22．第五段提到：“He focused on drawing. To show the Sun for example he used a circle with a dot in the middle. A half circle and a line made up the Moon. And five lines that were not straight were used to show water.”，第五段通过“太阳、月亮、水”的符号画法举例，说明仓颉如何简化图形创造符号，因此是“通过举例”展开段落。 23．第五段提到：“And five lines that were not straight were used to show water.”，说明水的符号是“五条不直的线条”，选项C的图案是类似水流的曲线，符合描述。 24．第六段提到：“In the end, Cang created a whole set of symbols to record things. People could easily understand these symbols.”，明确说明仓颉创造了符号来记录事件。 25．文章围绕“仓颉创造文字符号”的过程展开，核心是中国早期文字符号的发明。D选项的《中国文字符号的发明》，既点明了核心事件，也涵盖了故事背景，是最贴切的标题。 B Have you been amazed by the robot performances at the opening ceremony of the 15th National Games? Actually, robots are now part of our lives. They can not only play music and dance, but also help us a lot in many ways. Sophia Sophia was “born” in Hong Kong and she’s the world’s first-ever robot citizen! She is a mix of AI and human input, so she can have a real conversation with you and develop her own feelings and actions. Besides this, she actually has many difficult tasks as she plays a vital part in science, medical and technology research. With Sophia’s help, scientists can complete their work more successfully. Who knows-maybe one day you will make friends with a robot like Sophia? Cleaning Robots These small, round objects are becoming increasingly popular in homes to give a helping hand with daily housework like cleaning the floor! All you need to do is to give the robot a plan of the space that it has to cover, program when you want it to start the cleaning process and you’re good to go!Restaurant Robots How stressful is it to work at a busy restaurant with not a lot of help? That’s exactly how millions of waiters must feel: sometimes, they have to wait on hundreds of tables but only have two hands! Thankfully, new robot waiters are a great help. The machines have several trays (托盘) so waiters just need to load the plates and let the robots take them over to the table. In some restaurants, cooking robots can even help cook food. Robots are changing our world in cool and useful ways—from talking like friends to cleaning our homes and serving food. They are not just amazing machines, but also our helpful partners. Who knows what amazing robots we will see next? Maybe the next great robot inventor is you! 26．What makes Sophia different from other robots? A．She is popular with Hong Kong scientists. B．She is the first robot citizen in the world. C．She can play music and dance at important events. D．She can help waiters with service in busy restaurants. 27．What does the underlined word “vital” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Important. B．Funny. C．Simple. D．Social. 28．What do you need to do before making a cleaning robot work? A．Let it make friends with other home robots. B．Check its trays and repair the broken plates. C．Teach it to clean the floor and throw away rubbish. D．Give it a space plan and program the cleaning time. 29．How do restaurant robots help waiters? A．Talk with many customers. B．Wait for people by the table. C．Carry plates and help to cook. D．Invent new cleaning machines. 30．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards robots? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Positive. D．Negative. 【答案】26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了机器人Sophia、清洁机器人和餐厅机器人在日常生活中的应用，展示了机器人如何以酷炫且实用的方式改变我们的世界。 26．细节理解题。根据“Sophia was ‘born’ in Hong Kong and she’s the world’s first-ever robot citizen!”可知，Sophia与其他机器人的不同之处在于她是世界上第一个机器人公民。故选B。 27．词句猜测题。根据“she actually has many difficult tasks as she plays a vital part in science, medical and technology research.”可知，Sophia在科学、医学和技术研究中扮演重要角色，因此vital意为“重要的”。故选A。 28．细节理解题。根据“All you need to do is to give the robot a plan of the space that it has to cover, program when you want it to start the cleaning process and you’re good to go!”可知，使用清洁机器人前需要给它空间规划并设置清洁时间。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据“The machines have several trays so waiters just need to load the plates and let the robots take them over to the table. In some restaurants, cooking robots can even help cook food.”可知，餐厅机器人通过运送餐盘和协助烹饪来帮助服务员。故选C。 30．观点态度题。根据“Robots are changing our world in cool and useful ways—from talking like friends to cleaning our homes and serving food. They are not just amazing machines, but also our helpful partners.”可知，作者对机器人持积极态度。故选C。 C Barcode (条形码) technology makes shopping in stores faster and easier. The idea began in 1971, when an engineer created a special code. Before barcodes, shop workers had to add up prices by hand one by one. But now with barcodes, their work becomes faster. Time has shown that barcodes are a wonderful invention. Today, they are scanned (扫描) more than 6 billion times every day, and around 2 million companies worldwide count on them. A barcode carries lots of useful information, such as where a product is from, its price, and more. It also helps stores record their stock. For example, if a store has 10 boxes of milk and a customer (顾客) buys one, the barcode can help record the number. Then the store owner can know there are 9 boxes left. The next generation of barcodes, like QR codes, can hold even more information. With just a quick scan using a smartphone, they can gather more information about the products. In this way, shoppers can make smarter choices. Barcodes have truly changed our lives. They save us time and make our daily life much more convenient in ways we might not even notice! 31．What benefit did barcodes bring to shopworkers? A．Higher pay. B．More visitors. C．Faster work. D．Newer products. 32．What do the numbers “6 billion” and “2 million” show? A．The history of barcode technology. B．The number of products in a store. C．The cost of making barcodes. D．The success and importance of barcodes. 33．What does the underlined word “stock” mean in Paragraph 3? A．The number of products. B．The amount of money. C．The number of shop workers. D．The number of customers. 34．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．How QR codes help shoppers choose. B．Why smartphones are important. C．When QR codes were invented. D．What smartphones can do for us. 35．What is the best title for the passage? A．The long history of shopping. B．The invention and use of barcodes. C．The differences between QR codes and barcodes. D．Why barcodes have different lines. 【答案】31．C 32．D 33．A 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了条形码技术的起源、发展及其在购物场景中的应用，还提到了新一代二维码的功能，展现了条形码对日常生活的深远影响。 【详解】31．细节理解题。根据“Before barcodes, shop workers had to add up prices by hand one by one. But now with barcodes, their work becomes faster.”可知，条形码让店员的工作速度变得更快。故选C。 32．推理判断题。根据“Today, they are scanned more than 6 billion times every day, and around 2 million companies worldwide count on them.”可知，“60 亿”和“200 万”这两个数字体现了条形码的成功与重要性。故选D。 33．词句猜测题。根据“For example, if a store has 10 boxes of milk and a customer buys one, the barcode can help record the number. Then the store owner can know there are 9 boxes left.”可知，条形码帮助记录商品的数量，所以stock指的是商品的库存数量。故选A。 34．主旨大意题。根据“The next generation of barcodes, like QR codes, can hold even more information... In this way, shoppers can make smarter choices.”可知，该段主要介绍了二维码如何帮助购物者做出更明智的选择。故选A。 35．最佳标题题。全文围绕条形码的发明、应用及其影响展开，因此最佳标题是条形码的发明与应用。故选B。 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 以下是一篇短文，请阅读全文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文意思完整、连贯。 A Frenchman, Niépce, needed pictures for his business. 36 So he invented a very simple camera in 1826. He used it to take a picture of his garden. That was the first photo. The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. 37 In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. In 1840, photography was developed once more. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. 38 So it was not easy to take pictures. With the development of science and technology, a young Chinese man, Wang Mengqiu, invented Hover Camera (无人相机). It can record people and things more wonderfully. He once studied at Stanford University in the US. He became famous overnight because of the invention. Hover Camera records movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K videos. You can use a smartphone to control it. It can follow you, flying or staying in mid-air. 39 The camera is designed to be lightweight and portable. It can be folded (折叠) and stored into a small bag, which makes it convenient to carry. 40 This feature makes the camera both practical and user-friendly. In the future, cameras will be designed better and better. People can take more lively photos and videos. A．In this way, it can get the perfect pictures. B．The invention makes photographers no need to carry any machines. C．When the power is low, it can land safely. D．He used a new kind of camera in a different way. E．But the photographers had to carry many machines. F．However, he was not a good painter. 【答案】36．F 37．D 38．E 39．A 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了摄影技术的发展历程，从最早的简单相机到现代的无人相机，展示了科技的进步如何推动摄影技术的革新。 【详解】36．根据“A Frenchman, Niépce, needed pictures for his business.”以及“So he invented a very simple camera in 1826.”并结合选项可知，Niepce因为不擅长绘画，所以需要发明相机来获取图片，选项F“然而，他并不是一个好画家。”符合语境。故选F。 37．根据“Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room”以及“In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing.”可推知，Daguerre的创新方式使得照片更加清晰，选项D“他以不同的方式使用一种新型照相机。”符合语境。故选D。 38．根据“Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things.”以及“So it was not easy to take pictures.”可知，此处提到不容易的地方，选项E“但是摄影师必须携带许多机器。”符合语境。故选E。 39．根据“It can follow you, flying or staying in mid-air.”并结合选项可知，无人相机的跟踪功能有助于拍摄更好的照片，选项A“通过这种方式，它可以获得完美的照片。”符合语境。故选A。 40．根据“The camera is designed to be lightweight and portable. It can be folded (折叠) and stored into a small bag, which makes it convenient to carry. ”以及“This feature makes the camera both practical and user-friendly.”可知，此处介绍无人相机的特点，选项C“当电量不足时，它可以安全着陆。”符合语境。故选C。 四、项目情景(共两节,满分15分) 第一节 配对阅读(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了国际发明展的六件新展品，请根据Polly、Ellie、Simon、Mike、Doris五位学生的需求选择最适合他们观看的展品，并将其标号。 41 . Simon is a robot fan. He thinks robots can help humans solve many problems. 42 . Polly is especially crazy about gardening. She loves growing plants. 43 . Ellie shows interest in some products which are environmentally friendly. 44 . Doris wants to know some inventions which help her 80-year-old grandpa go out safely. 45 . Mike would like to see some creative products with cool designs to make life easier. A．Cool-designed Fan On hot summer days, many people carry a mini fan to keep themselves cool. But this fan is a little different. You can hold it on your neck. Your hands are free! B．Solar (太阳能) Plant Pot The pot has a solar panel (板). It can run around in the garden and look for sunlight by itself. You don’t need to worry that your plants don’t get enough sunlight. C． Smart Walking stick It can not only help old people keep their balance, but also has GPS, lights and an alarm. If the stick comes within 25 cm of a wall or other objects, it will sound an alarm to warn the user. D．Sugar packet (纸袋糖) The “paper” packet is not paper at all—it melts (融化) into your coffee. This kind of sugar packet means less rubbish. It could save about 2 million pounds (910,000 kg) of trash each year. E. Safety Window The window prevents children from falling out of the window if they try to open it. A protective guard will go up when the window is pulled back down. F. Robot Police The robot can tell people when danger or disasters are coming. It can also do some police work. It can wave its arms and shout: “Don’t move!” 【答案】41．F 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．A 【导语】本文介绍了国际发明展的六件新展品，并根据五位学生的不同需求匹配最适合他们观看的展品。 41．根据“Simon is a robot fan. He thinks robots can help humans solve many problems.”可知，Simon是机器人爱好者，认为机器人能帮助人类解决问题，选项F“机器人警察 这个机器人能够告诉人们危险或灾难即将发生。它还可以做一些警察工作。它能够挥舞手臂并大喊：‘不要动！’”与之匹配。故选F。 42．根据“Polly is especially crazy about gardening. She loves growing plants.”可知，Polly痴迷园艺，喜欢种植植物，选项B“太阳能植物盆 这个花盆有一个太阳能电池板。它可以自己在花园里四处跑动，寻找阳光。你不必担心你的植物得不到足够的阳光。”与之匹配。故选B。 43．根据“Ellie shows interest in some products which are environmentally friendly.”可知，Ellie对环保产品感兴趣，选项D“纸袋糖 这种“纸”袋根本不是纸——它会融化到你的咖啡中。这种糖袋意味着减少垃圾。它每年可以节省约200万磅（910,000千克）的垃圾。”与之匹配。故选D。 44．根据“Doris wants to know some inventions which help her 80-year-old grandpa go out safely.”可知，Doris想找帮助80岁爷爷安全外出的发明，选项C“智能拐杖 它不仅能够帮助老年人保持平衡，还配有GPS、灯光和报警器。如果该拐杖与墙壁或其他物体之间的距离小于25厘米，它就会发出警报以提醒使用者。”与之匹配。故选C。 45．根据“Mike would like to see some creative products with cool designs to make life easier.”可知，Mike想看设计酷炫、让生活更便捷的创意产品，选项A“酷炫设计的风扇 在炎热的夏日里，许多人会随身携带一个迷你风扇来保持凉爽。但这种风扇有些不同。你可以把它夹在脖子上，你的双手是自由的！”与之匹配。故选A。 第二节 回答问题(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分) 根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。 Living in the Spring and Autumn period, Lu Ban was a famous craftsman (工匠) and inventor. Lu didn’t like reading or writing when he was young. However, he enjoyed making things and decided to keep doing it every day. He began to learn woodworking from his father at an early age. Lu was smart and hard-working, so he soon learned the skill. Lu Ban wanted to fix problems in people’s lives. Lu once invented a kind of tool called “a wooden horse”. He built it out of strong wood, and it could walk by itself to carry people and things. “I hope this can help farmers carry heavy things,” he said. “In the past, they had to stop and rest many times when moving these things.” According to an ancient story, Lu was invited to the state of Chu. The king asked him to make a flying wooden bird. Lu had a hard time making the bird’s wings move, but he kept doing experiments. Finally, the bird flew! The king thought it was amazing and loved it a lot. But one day, the bird flew away, and the king was sad. To cheer up the king, Lu came up with an idea. He invented a wooden kite in the shape of a bird. Surprisingly, when the kite flew, a real bird even followed it! Both landed in front of the king. The sight blew the king away—he shouted, “You’re the best craftsman!” Lu Ban’s clever ideas and new thoughts made people remember him well. He always tried to fix problems with his inventions. As a great craftsman, he showed us that creativity can change the world. 46．What was Lu Ban in the Spring and Autumn period? 47．Who taught Lu Ban woodworking at an early age? 48．Why did Lu Ban invent the wooden horse? 49．How did the king feel when the wooden bird flew away? 50．What other examples can you use to describe creativity? 【答案】46．He was a famous craftsman and inventor. 47．His father taught him woodworking at an early age. 48．Because he wanted to help farmers carry heavy things. 49．The king felt sad. 50．Thomas Edison used creativity to invent the practical light bulb. He tried thousands of materials and finally succeeded./Cai Lun showed great creativity by improving papermaking technology. He used cheap materials to make paper, which made writing and spreading knowledge much easier. 【导语】本文介绍了春秋时期的著名工匠和发明家鲁班的故事，包括他从小痴迷于学习木工、发明木车马帮助农民减轻负担、为楚王制作木鸟和木鸢等经历。他一生都在用充满巧思的发明解决生活中的实际问题，也用创造力证明了工匠的智慧可以改变世界。 46．根据“Living in the Spring and Autumn period, Lu Ban was a famous craftsman and inventor.”可知，鲁班是春秋时期著名的工匠和发明家。故填He was a famous craftsman and inventor. 47．根据“He began to learn woodworking from his father at an early age.”可知，鲁班小时候是父亲教他学习木工。故填His father taught him woodworking at an early age. 48．根据“I hope this can help farmers carry heavy things”可知，鲁班发明木车马是为了帮助农民搬运重物。故填Because he wanted to help farmers carry heavy things. 49．根据“the bird flew away, and the king was sad.”可知，木鸟飞走后，楚王感到伤心。故填The king felt sad. 50．本题为开放性问题，可列举其他体现创造力的例子，如爱迪生发明电灯、蔡伦改进造纸术等。故填Thomas Edison used creativity to invent the practical light bulb. He tried thousands of materials and finally succeeded./Cai Lun showed great creativity by improving papermaking technology. He used cheap materials to make paper, which made writing and spreading knowledge much easier. 五、写作（共三节,满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 根据下列语篇以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词。 Solar panels (太阳能板) are a great invention that can turn the sun’s h 51 and light into electricity. This technology is clean and green. In many countries, we can see a great number of these panels in sunny places. One of the key b 52 of them is that solar power does not need to burn fossil fuels like coal or oil, which helps to protect our environment. The use of solar energy has a very p 53 effect on our planet. It greatly reduces air pollution and helps in the fight against climate change. For many families, putting solar panels on the roof is a smart choice. A 54 the weather can sometimes be a challenge because solar power needs sunlight, it is still a great energy source for our future. Scientists are also working hard to make solar panels even cheaper and b 55 so that they can change more sunlight into electricity and people can use them more conveniently and smoothly. 【答案】51．heat/eat 52．benefits/enefits 53．positive/ositive 54．Although/lthough 55．better/etter 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了太阳能板的优点及其对环境的影响。 51．句意：太阳能板是一项伟大的发明，可以将太阳的热和光转化为电能。空处位于名词所有格“sun’s”后，填名词作宾语。根据“and light into electricity”和首字母提示可知，太阳能板将太阳的热和光转化为电能。heat“热量”，不可数名词。故填heat。 52．句意：其中一个关键的好处是太阳能发电不需要燃烧像煤或石油这样的化石燃料，这有助于保护我们的环境。此句为“one of+可数名词复数”“……之一”结构。空处填可数名词复数。根据“solar power does not need to burn fossil fuels like coal or oil”和首字母提示可知，不需要燃烧像煤或石油这样的化石燃料是太阳能发电的好处。benefit“好处”，可数名词，复数为benefits。故填benefits。 53．句意：太阳能的使用对我们的星球有非常积极的影响。空处修饰名词“effect”，填形容词作定语。根据“It greatly reduces air pollution”和首字母提示可知，减少空气污染属于积极影响。positive“积极的”，形容词。故填positive。 54．句意：虽然天气有时会成为一个挑战，因为太阳能需要阳光，但它仍然是我们未来的一个重要能源。前后句构成让步关系，虽然有挑战，但是太阳能仍然是未来的重要能源。用although引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although。 55．句意：科学家们也在努力使太阳能板更便宜、更好，这样他们就可以把更多的阳光转化为电能，人们可以更方便、更顺利地使用它们。空处与“cheaper”由“and”连接，是并列关系，空处填形容词比较级。根据“Scientists are also working hard”和首字母提示可知，此处指科学家们努力使太阳能板更好。better“更好的”，形容词比较级。故填better。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As winter draws to a close, hands can easily get cold. Thick gloves might help. But did ancient Chinese people have to stand (忍受) it? 56 (possible)! —they had a small tool called hand warmers. No exact written record shows how this tool started, 57 some stories tell of its start. One folk story says Emperor Yangdi from the Sui dynasty visited Jiangsu in winter. It was so cold that the local official asked workers 58 (make) a small warmer for the emperor. That may be how the hand 59 (warm) began to be used. By the Song dynasty, it was already common. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the skills for making it spread widely. And they became the 60 (easy) to carry and nicest to look at. Many Qing Dynasty texts describe hand warmers. For example, in the Dream of the Red Chamber, a young girl 61 (careful) brings one to Lin Daiyu. Ancient hand warmers were usually bronze (青铜) or ceramic (陶瓷), and they came in different designs. People often made 62 (they) round, square or with eight sides. Some even looked like pumpkins, flowers or turtle shells (乌龟壳). Even today, many people are 63 (benefit) from this old and clever idea. More and more young people now show interest 64 these beautiful objects. In the future, people 65 (continue) to create new tools, but the clever and warm ideas from ancient China will always be part of our lives. 【答案】 56．Impossible 57．but 58．to make 59．warmer 60．easiest 61．carefully 62．them 63．benefiting 64．in 65．will continue 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古代的暖手工具——手炉的起源、发展和特点，以及它在现代生活中的影响。 56．句意：但古代中国人必须忍受寒冷吗？不可能！——他们有一种叫做手炉的小工具。根据“they had a small tool called hand warmers”可知此处表示“不可能”对应单词“impossible”，此处作感叹句，且位于句首，需大写首字母。故填Impossible。 57．句意：没有确切的文字记录显示这一工具是如何开始的，但有一些故事讲述了它的起源。根据“No exact written record shows how this tool started...some stories tell of its start”可知前后句为转折关系，表示“没有文字记录”与“有故事讲述”之间的对比，用连词“but”。故填but。 58．句意：天气太冷了，当地官员要求工人为皇帝做一个小暖炉。根据“It was so cold that the local official asked workers...a small warmer for the emperor.”可知此处考查短语“ask sb. to do sth.”，意为“请某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to make。 59．句意：这可能就是手炉开始被使用的方式。根据“a small warmer for the emperor”及本句主语“the hand”可知，此处指“手炉”，为单数名词。故填warmer。 60．句意：它们变得最便于携带，且外观最美。根据“the...to carry and nicest to look at”可知此处需用形容词最高级，与“the nicest”并列，表示“最简单的，最容易的”，“easy”的最高级为“easiest”。故填easiest。 61．句意：例如，在《红楼梦》中，一位少女小心翼翼地给林黛玉送去一个手炉。根据“...brings one to...”可知此处修饰动词“brings”，需用副词形式，表示动作的方式。故填carefully。 62．句意：人们常把它们做成圆形、方形或八边形。根据“People often made...round, square or with eight sides.”可知此处指代上文的“hand warmers”，作“made”的宾语，用复数宾格形式。故填them。 63．句意：即使在今天，许多人仍受益于这个古老而聪明的发明。根据“Even today, many people are...from...”可知此处用现在进行时（be+doing），表示“正在受益于”，强调现在的影响。故填benefiting。 64．句意：越来越多的年轻人对这些美丽的物品表现出兴趣。根据“show interest...these beautiful objects”可知此处表示“对……表现出兴趣”，对应短语“show interest in”。故填in。 65．句意：未来，人们将继续创造新工具，但中国古代聪明而温暖的创意将永远是我们生活的一部分。根据“In the future”可知，此处表示将来要发生的动作，用一般将来时。故填will continue。 第三节、书面表达（15分） 66．近年来，中国新四大发明在网络上广受热议。假如你是李华，你们学校围绕中国新四大发明（Four Great New Inventions of China）主题举办了一场关于“最实用的发明”的投票活动（voting activity）。请你根据以下表格的内容写一篇文章，介绍这次活动及结果；并选择其中一项你最喜欢的发明，分享你的想法。 The Most Practical Invention Inventions Shared bikes Digital payment High-speed train Online shopping Percentage 10% 35% 30% 25% Your opinion and reasons 1...  2... 要求：（1）表格内容可适当发挥，100词左右； （2）文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。 （3）短文开头句子不计入总词数。 In my school, we held a voting activity about the most practical invention among the four great new inventions of China. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： In my school, we held a voting activity about the most practical invention among the four great new inventions of China. The results show that digital payment is the most popular, with 35% of students choosing it. High-speed trains get 30% for their speed and comfort. Online shopping takes up 25% as it helps buy things from home. Shared bikes, at 10%, are seen as good for short trips. Among them, I like shared bikes best. They provide us with a new way of travelling. After riding a shared bike, I always feel energetic and healthy. With the development of China, more and more new inventions will come into our lives. What do you think of these inventions? I’d love to hear from you soon. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文（调查报告与观点陈述），主要使用一般现在时。 明确要点：介绍投票活动及结果（包含四个选项的具体数据）、阐述自己最喜欢的发明并给出理由。 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）与第三人称（it/they）结合。 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名、校名及地名，词数控制在100词左右。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：开门见山，引出学校举办的关于“中国新四大发明”中最实用发明的投票活动。 主体段：客观描述投票结果（如移动支付占比最高），并主观表达自己最喜欢的发明及具体理由。 结尾段：总结中国创新带来的积极影响，或向读者提问互动。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：投票结果 数据表达：According to the survey/The result shows that... 占比描述：account for.../take up.../...percent of the students choose... 选项表达：digital payment (online payment)/high-speed train/online shopping/shared bikes 要点二：个人喜好与理由 表达喜好：I like... best/My favorite is.../I prefer... 移动支付理由：convenient and safe/no need to carry cash/pay with a tap 高铁理由：fast and comfortable/save time/stable 共享单车理由：green and healthy/solve the last mile problem/low-carbon life 网购理由：save time and energy/buy things from all over the world/various choices 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $