Unit 1 Look it up!（暑假单元自测）新八年级英语新教材沪教版上册

**基本信息** 沪教版新教材Unit 1 "Look it up"单元自测卷，90分钟100分，通过科学家事迹、文化典籍等真实情境，融合语言能力与文化意识，适配初中英语暑假巩固与核心素养培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10/10|冠词、代词、动词短语等基础语法|结合"查词典"单元主题，如第4题考查"look up"| |完形填空|10/10|袁隆平杂交水稻事迹|通过人物故事渗透科学精神，培养思维品质| |阅读理解|15/30|杨振宁生平、计时工具发展等|科普与人文结合，如C篇追溯钟表演变，提升信息获取能力| |项目情景|5/15|《永乐大典》分卷配对、中国古代科技|关联传统文化，如回答问题考查《天工开物》内容，强化文化意识| |写作|30/30|聂耳生平语篇填词、黄旭华书面表达|从词汇到语篇输出，书面表达要求介绍科学家，提升语言表达与家国情怀|

Unit 1 Look it up单元自测（新教材沪教版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1．Each of the students plays ________ important role in their class as everyone is a member of the class. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．—Dave, why are you in a hurry? —Because ______ is waiting for me at the school gate. A．anybody B．somebody C．nobody D．everybody 3．—There is no salt left. Jim, would you like to get ________? —OK, Mum! A．it B．one C．some D．any 4．The dictionary on the teacher’s desk is used by students to ________ the new words. A．look after B．look up C．look back D．look around 5．There is ________ in these boring stories, so I can’t learn ________ from them. A．something meaningful; everything B．meaningful something; anything C．nothing meaningful; anything D．meaningful nothing; anything 6．—Are you similar ________ your friend, Tom? —No, we are different ________ each other, but we can be stronger together. A．to; to B．from; from C．to; from D．from; to 7．—The trip is really pleasant and I can  ________ relax myself. —Yes. Sometimes getting close to nature is the best way to keep off stress. A．never B．hardly C．completely D．suddenly 8．At last, the old man died. But people did not know the reason for his______. A．died B．dead C．death D．dying 9．—How did dinosaurs die out? —Sorry, I don’t know. We can get on the Internet to learn something about that. A．develop B．disappear C．double D．grow 10．She is a talented singer. A．gifted B．lucky C．young D．beautiful 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Every scientist has a childhood dream. A scientist in China once had a(n) 11 . He wished to grow a new type of rice which could produce a lot. This person is Yuan Longping, who was 12 in 1930. He graduated from the Southwest Agricultural(农业) University in 1953. Yuan Longping came up with an idea for a hybrid(杂交的) rice in the 1960s. Since then, he has devoted himself to the research and development of new varieties(品种). In 1973, together with other people, he 13 in the development of hybrid rice. This made China be a worldwide leader in rice production. For this, he was called “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In 1980, the technology for hybrid rice was 14 to the United States. 15 Professor Yuan’s hard work, China now produces enough rice to 16 her people every year. In his 17 time, he loved playing the violin and listening to music. Every night, he read for half an hour 18 he went to sleep. He liked swimming, too. It was said that Professor Yuan is one of the 19 people in China. And he cared about 20 but his research. 11．A．idea B．dream C．thought D．invention 12．A．born B．appeared C．discovered D．took 13．A．failed B．succeeded C．arrived D．defeated 14．A．given B．introduced C．won D．included 15．A．According to B．Compared with C．Because of D．Based on 16．A．feed B．offer C．send D．provide 17．A．spare B．busy C．lonely D．boring 18．A．after B．until C．before D．since 19．A．richest B．poorest C．oldest D．most careful 20．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A Introduction Life Education Speeches Papers Achievements Media Photos Videos More Chen Ning Yang：A Great Scientist Chen Ning Yang was born in China in 1922. He grew up in Tsinghua University, where his father was a math professor. This environment helped him love learning from a young age. He went to university in China and got his first degree in 1942. Later, he moved to the United States for further studies at the University of Chicago. There, he learned from famous scientists and got his Ph.D．in 1948. Professor Yang was most interested in physics. He wrote many research papers for important science magazines. In 1957, when he was 35, he won the famous Nobel Prize in Physics with another scientist, Tsung-Dao Lee, for their important discovery. He also received other awards and honors for his contributions to science. In the late 1990s, he returned to China and became a Chinese citizen again. He made great contributions to Chinese scientific education. He became a professor at Tsinghua University. He didn’t just teach, he personally raised money and helped design and build the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua. He taught top university students physics courses, inspiring them with his passion and deep understanding. He brought back talented Chinese scientists from overseas to make China’s research teams stronger. He became a “cultural and scientific bridge” between China and the West. He gave lots of lectures to students and the public to spread scientific knowledge. His greatest contribution was using his wisdom, experience, and influence to train the next generations of Chinese scientists and help China become a strong scientific country in the world. 21．Why did Chen Ning Yang win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A．Because of his well-known research papers. B．Because of his famous Institute for Advanced Study. C．Because of his important discovery with Tsung-Dao Lee. D．Because of his scientific education at Tsinghua University. 22．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A．Yang’s scientific research. B．Yang’s early achievements. C．Yang’s contributions to China. D．Yang’s study experience in China. 23．In which order did the following happen in Chen Ning Yang’s life? a. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics. b. He got his first degree in China. c. He returned to China and became a professor. d. He got his Ph.D．at the University of Chicago. A．b-d-a-c B．b-d-c-a C．d-a-b-c D．d-b-c-a 24．What did Chen Ning Yang do to make China’s research team stronger? A．He gave physics lectures to many top university students. B．He wrote many research papers for science magazines. C．He raised money to build the Institute for Advanced Study. D．He influenced overseas Chinese scientists to return to China. 25．Which part on the left can you get more information about Yang’s Nobel Prize? A．Speeches. B．Achievements. C．Education. D．More. B Encyclopedias can give you facts and information about all kinds of subjects. There are different kinds of encyclopedias, such as encyclopedia of science, encyclopedia of music and so on. Do you know which encyclopedia the following two articles are from? Philippe Bizot is a famous Mime Master (哑剧大师) from France. He was born in 1967 and began learning mime when he was just eight years old. Since then, he has never stopped studying it. At the age of 20, he got the “International Paris Mime Prize”. In the past 30 years, he has given shows to people across the world. Bizot thinks living in a world without words makes people imagine. With no other things or conversations, Bizot gives the shows only by using his body, gestures and facial expressions (面部表情). Do you know that not only the fish but also some animals live in the sea? For example, the whale is not a fish. It can’t breathe in the water. It swims in the water. But it comes up for air. The blue whale is the world’s biggest animal. There are other sea animals too. One is called the dolphin. Dolphins need air to live. They breathe air as whales do. Dolphins are very clever. They sometimes seem to speak to each other. Many other animals live near the sea. Seals and otters (水獭) love the sea. They swim and play there. They eat smaller fish and sea plants. 26．When did Philippe Bizot start to learn mime? A．When he was 8 years old in 1967. B．When he was 8 years old in 1975. C．When he was 20 years old in 1987. D．When he was 20 years old in 1985. 27．How does Philippe Bizot give his mime shows? A．By using body, gestures and facial expressions only. B．By using words, body and facial expressions together. C．By using conversations, gestures and body movements. D．By using tools, body gestures and simple conversations. 28．What fact about whales is mentioned in the passage? A．Whales are fish that can breathe under the water easily. B．Whales are not fish and need to come up for air. C．Whales are the smallest sea animals in the world now. D．Whales can’t swim well and live near the sea surface. 29．The third paragraph probably comes from the encyclopedia of ______ A．plants B．fish C．animals D．nature 30．What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To advise readers to learn mime and protect sea animals in daily life. B．To introduce a famous mime master and some common sea animals to readers. C．To compare the differences between mime art and sea animal living habits. D．To explain the history of mime development and the evolution of sea animals. C How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries, people have developed different ways of telling the time. About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people were able to know midday. The Egyptians made a sundial about 3,500 years ago. It was smaller than the sun clock and could let people know the time for half a day. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks about 3,400 years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China. But they failed to make people know the exact time. In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. Over the next few centuries it was developed. For example, springs (发条) were added around 1500. This enabled people to get the correct time and allowed clocks to be smaller. In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. People began depending on them more and more to run business, markets and so on. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites send our mobile phones the time to the exact second. There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work. 31．According to the passage, we can’t use the ________ to tell the time on a rainy day. A．water clock B．sun clock C．digital clock D．mechanical clock 32．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “ordinary” in the third paragraph? A．modern B．special C．rich D．common 33．How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 34．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? （①—paragraph 1,  ②—paragraph 2, …） A．B．C． D． 35．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of time. B．The development of timekeeping. C．The inventions of clocks. D．The history of a digital clock. 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 Qian Xuesen was a great scientist. 36 He is also known as “the King of the Rocket.” Thanks to his research, China’s space technology has progressed in a rapid way. Qian was born in Shanghai on December 11th, 1911. 37 After graduation, he worked in America for a few years. In the early 1950s, he heard that New China had been founded (建立), and he decided to give up the good working conditions in America. Although the American government tried to stop him from leaving, he succeeded in coming back to China in 1955. 38 Then it became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel. At that time, the conditions in China were too hard. 39 On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite (卫星), “Dongfanghong I” was successfully sent into the air. A student of Qian Xuesen, Zhu Yilin, once said, “I learned professional knowledge and working spirit from Mr. Qian. 40 When New China needed scientists badly, he returned to help in the rocket industry.” A．I sensed his deep love for our country, too. B．Who visited Qian Xuesen when he was in China? C．At the age of 24, he went to America to study. D．But Qian and his team still faced the difficulties bravely. E．He is known as “the Father of China’s Space Program.” F．In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested starting a special organization. 四、项目情景(共两节,满分15分) 第一节 配对阅读(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了《永乐大典》六个分卷的内容。请根据五位学生的需求，选择最适合他们阅读的分卷 (volume)，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 41 Fiona is a kind girl. She wants to learn more and be a doctor to help others. 42 Ben’s favorite subject is Geography. He likes travelling very much. 43 Henry is interested in Chinese opera and that is why he comes to China. 44 Bobby has a green thumb. He likes reading books about farming and planting. 45 Maggie likes Chinese poems. She wants to find some poems about mountains and rivers. A．Volume 14219 offers people fantastic information about mountains and rivers. There are lots of pictures. It is a must-read book to those who love Geography. B．Volume 13965 brings you something about different kinds of opera in different periods of China. You can understand more about the Chinese opera. C． Volume 2130 is a perfect guide to Chinese ancient medicine. It is full of practical medical skills and ways to help the sick people. D．Some volumes about Dance will lead you to the dancing world. There you can get to know the development of famous dances in history. E. In the volume about Farming, you will discover how people use the 24 solar terms for farming. The wisdom of ancient Chinese people in agriculture is truly amazing. F. From Volume 2272 to Volume 2274, you can get a general idea about the poems. You can find poems on different themes such as nature, love, family and so on. 第二节 回答问题(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分) 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题。 China is well-known for its long history and rich culture. What’s more, the ancient Chinese people were smart, hard-working and good at inventing things, such as the Four Great Chinese Inventions. They also had the courage to explore the world. Now let’s read some examples of them. Example 1: Tiangong Kaiwu was written by Song Yingxing in the Ming Dynasty. Known as “the Encyclopedia (百科全书) of Ancient Chinese Technology”, it records different kinds of knowledge, such as rice planting, silk weaving, metal smelting and paper-making. This book tells about the advanced level of technology in ancient China. Example 2: A good example is Jian Zhen’s boat journey to Japan in the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-907). He went there to help build temples, teach Buddhism (佛教) and spread Chinese culture. During this journey, he brought them excellent Chinese culture, building skills and medical knowledge. Example 3: Zheng He, another great man in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1368-1644), led large ships to sail to the Western Seas seven times. His team visited many countries and areas in Asia, Europe and Africa. During the trips, they carried a lot of Chinese goods, such as silk, china and tea, to these places. These goods were then sold to the West. Zheng He’s trips also helped the West understand China’s sea technology and sailing skills, which pushed the development of science and technology in Western countries. In a word, Jian Zhen’s boat journey, Zheng He’s sea trips and Tiangong Kaiwu are shining parts of ancient Chinese culture. They are not only great achievements of the Chinese people but also important bridges connecting China with the rest of the world. These efforts spread Chinese wisdom and culture far and wide, and improved the exchange and development of human civilizations (文明). Even today, their influence still encourages people around the world to learn from and communicate with each other. 46．What is the book Tiangong Kaiwu about? 47．According to Example 2, why did Jian Zhen go to Japan? 48．How did Zheng He’s trips influence the Western countries? 49．What did these ancient achievements improve? 50．After reading this text, what do you think of our Chinese culture? Why do you think so? 五、写作（共三节,满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) Nie Er: A Great Chinese Composer Nie Er was a famous Chinese composer. His o 51 name was Nie Shouxin. He was born on February 14, 1912, in Kunming, Yunnan. During his short life, he saw much s 52 in China during the war, which made him want to help people through music. Nie Er created many popular songs, and his most famous work is The March of the Volunteers, which later became China’s n 53 anthem. Sadly, he died at the young age of 23 in 1935, but his music has had a great i 54 on Chinese people. Today, people still a 55 Nie Er for his talent and love for the country. His songs not only showed his care for people’s lives but also encouraged many to fight for a better future. Though he lived a short life, his music remains alive in everyone’s heart. 第二节 语法填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Do you know about Confucius? Confucius is 56 (great) teacher in Chinese history. His birthday was on September 28. Although he 57 (live) over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 58 hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work 59 (help) his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up 60 (study). He visited many famous teachers and learnt music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the 61 (one) public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school 62 they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 63 (student) in his life. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learnt. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better 64 me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught 65 (we) that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” 第三节、书面表达（15分） 66．下面内容是从《百科全书》上摘取的关于中国科学家黄旭华的介绍。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇关于黄旭华的短文 1. 基本信息：中国科学家，1926年生于广东潮汕，2024年逝世。 2. 成长背景：早年对科学和工程学极感兴趣。终生致力于中国核潜艇研究。 3. 主要成就：他在核潜艇(Nuclear Submarines)方面取得成功，使中国国防(national defense)得到有力的加强。 4.荣誉与影响：获得“共和国勋章”(the Medal of the Republic)被称为“中国核潜艇之父”(Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines)。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Look it up单元自测（新教材沪教版） 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1．Each of the students plays ________ important role in their class as everyone is a member of the class. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每个学生在班里都扮演着重要的角色，因为每个人都是班级的一员。 考查冠词用法。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的词前；the这个/那个，表特指；/零冠词。句中“important”以元音音素/ɪmˈpɔːrtnt/开头，其前应用不定冠词an，构成固定短语“play an important role”。故选B。 2．—Dave, why are you in a hurry? —Because ______ is waiting for me at the school gate. A．anybody B．somebody C．nobody D．everybody 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Dave，你为什么这么匆忙？——因为有人在学校门口正在等我。A. anybody任何人；B. somebody某人；C. nobody没有人；D. everybody每个人。根据下文is waiting for me at the school gate可知这里是说某人在门口正在等我。根据题意，故选B。 3．—There is no salt left. Jim, would you like to get ________? —OK, Mum! A．it B．one C．some D．any 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——没有盐了。Jim，你愿意去买些吗？——好的，妈妈！ 根据题干可知此处表示要买些盐，希望对方肯定回答的一般疑问句表示一些，通常也用some，故选C。 4．The dictionary on the teacher’s desk is used by students to ________ the new words. A．look after B．look up C．look back D．look around 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师桌上的字典是用来让学生查阅新单词的。 考查动词短语辨析。look after照顾；look up查阅；look back回顾；look around环顾四周。根据“The dictionary on the teacher’s desk is used for students to…the new words.”可知，字典的功能是帮助学生查找单词含义，look up表示“查阅”符合“在字典中查询”的语境，强调工具用途。故选B。 5．There is ________ in these boring stories, so I can’t learn ________ from them. A．something meaningful; everything B．meaningful something; anything C．nothing meaningful; anything D．meaningful nothing; anything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些无聊的故事毫无意义，所以我无法从它们中学到任何东西。 考查不定代词和形容词的位置关系以及不定代词的用法。形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要后置，故排除选项B和D；something meaningful意为“一些有意义的东西”；nothing meaningful意为“毫无意义的东西”；everything意为“一切”；anything意为“任何东西”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。根据“I can’t learn...”可知，此处表示否定意义，即从这些无聊的故事中学不到任何东西，所以第一个空应填nothing meaningful，第二个空应填anything。故选C。 6．—Are you similar ________ your friend, Tom? —No, we are different ________ each other, but we can be stronger together. A．to; to B．from; from C．to; from D．from; to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你和你的朋友汤姆相似吗？——不，我们彼此不同，但我们可以一起变得更强大。 考查介词搭配。similar 后接介词 to，表示“与……相似”；different 后接介词 from，表示“与……不同”。第一空填 to，第二空填 from。故选C。 7．—The trip is really pleasant and I can  ________ relax myself. —Yes. Sometimes getting close to nature is the best way to keep off stress. A．never B．hardly C．completely D．suddenly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这次旅行真的很愉快，而且我完全放松了自己。——是的。有时亲近大自然是远离压力的最好方式。 考查副词辨析。never从不；hardly几乎不；completely完全地；suddenly突然地。根据上句“The trip is really pleasant”和下句“getting close to nature is the best way to keep off stress”的语境，可知旅行帮助说话者彻底放松，completely“完全地”符合语境。故选C。 8．At last, the old man died. But people did not know the reason for his______. A．died B．dead C．death D．dying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：最后，那个老人死了。但是人们不知道他死的原因。 考查词义辨析。died死，动词过去式；dead死的，形容词；death死亡，名词；dying垂死的，现在分词/形容词。根据“his”可知，his是形容词性物主代词，其后需填名词形式。death是名词，符合语境。故选C。 9．—How did dinosaurs die out? —Sorry, I don’t know. We can get on the Internet to learn something about that. A．develop B．disappear C．double D．grow 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——恐龙是如何灭绝的？——抱歉，我不知道。我们可以上网查找一下相关信息。 考查动词辨析。develop发展；disappear消失；double加倍；grow生长。对话内容是询问恐龙灭绝的原因，die out意为“灭绝”，与disappear（消失）意思相近。故选B。 10．She is a talented singer. A．gifted B．lucky C．young D．beautiful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她是一个有天赋的歌手。考查形容词辨析。gifted有天赋的；lucky幸运的；young年轻的；beautiful美丽的。“talented”意为“有天赋的”，与“gifted”意思相近。故选A。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Every scientist has a childhood dream. A scientist in China once had a(n) 11 . He wished to grow a new type of rice which could produce a lot. This person is Yuan Longping, who was 12 in 1930. He graduated from the Southwest Agricultural(农业) University in 1953. Yuan Longping came up with an idea for a hybrid(杂交的) rice in the 1960s. Since then, he has devoted himself to the research and development of new varieties(品种). In 1973, together with other people, he 13 in the development of hybrid rice. This made China be a worldwide leader in rice production. For this, he was called “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In 1980, the technology for hybrid rice was 14 to the United States. 15 Professor Yuan’s hard work, China now produces enough rice to 16 her people every year. In his 17 time, he loved playing the violin and listening to music. Every night, he read for half an hour 18 he went to sleep. He liked swimming, too. It was said that Professor Yuan is one of the 19 people in China. And he cared about 20 but his research. 11．A．idea B．dream C．thought D．invention 12．A．born B．appeared C．discovered D．took 13．A．failed B．succeeded C．arrived D．defeated 14．A．given B．introduced C．won D．included 15．A．According to B．Compared with C．Because of D．Based on 16．A．feed B．offer C．send D．provide 17．A．spare B．busy C．lonely D．boring 18．A．after B．until C．before D．since 19．A．richest B．poorest C．oldest D．most careful 20．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 【答案】 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．C 16．A 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名的科学家袁隆平教授，他发展的杂交水稻技术，极大地提高了粮食产量，他一心只做研究，是中国最伟大的人物之一。 【详解】11．句意：中国的一位科学家曾经有一个梦想。 idea主意；dream梦想；thought想法；invention发明。根据“Every scientist has a childhood dream”可知是指梦想，故选B。 12．句意：这个人叫袁隆平，出生于1930年。 born出生；appeared出现；discovered发现；took拿。根据“This person is Yuan Longping, who was...in 1930”可知是说袁隆平出生于1930年，故选A。 13．句意：1973年，他和其他人一起成功地培育出了杂交水稻。 failed失败；succeeded成功；arrived到达；defeated击败。根据“This made China be a worldwide leader in rice production.”可知袁隆平和其他人一起成功地培育出了杂交水稻。故选B。 14．句意：1980年，杂交水稻技术被引入美国。 given给；introduced介绍，引进；won赢；included包括。根据“In 1980, the technology for hybrid rice was...to the United States”可知杂交水稻技术被引入美国。故选B。 15．句意：由于袁教授的辛勤工作，中国现在每年生产的大米足够养活她的人民。 According to根据；Compared with和……比较；Because of因为；Based on基于。根据“Professor Yuan’s hard work, China now produces enough rice to...her people every year.”可知是由于袁隆平的辛勤工作，中国现在不缺少粮食了，故选C。 16．句意：由于袁教授的辛勤工作，中国现在每年生产的大米足够养活她的人民。 feed喂养；offer提供；send发送；provide提供。根据“China now produces enough rice to...her people”可知是指大米养活中国人，故选A。 17．句意：在业余时间，他喜欢拉小提琴和听音乐。 spare空闲的；busy忙碌的；lonely可爱的；boring无聊的。根据“In his...time, he loved playing the violin and listening to music.”可知空闲时间里，袁隆平喜欢拉小提琴和听音乐。故选A。 18．句意：每天晚上睡觉前，他都要读半个小时的书。 after在……之后；until直到；before在……之前；since自从。根据“he read for half an hour...he went to sleep.”可知看书是在睡觉前，故选C。 19．句意：据说袁教授是中国最细心认真的人之一。他除了他的研究之外什么也不关心。 richest最富裕的；poorest最穷的；oldest最老的；most careful最细心的。根据全文理解可知，此处是介绍袁隆平教授在工作上的认真、细心。故选D。 20．句意：据说袁教授是中国最细心的人之一。他除了他的研究之外什么也不关心。 everything一切；anything任何事；nothing没有什么；something某事。根据“he cared about…but his research”可知，袁隆平教授除了研究之外，什么也不关心；nothing but“除了……什么也不，只有”。故选C。 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A Introduction Life Education Speeches Papers Achievements Media Photos Videos More Chen Ning Yang：A Great Scientist Chen Ning Yang was born in China in 1922. He grew up in Tsinghua University, where his father was a math professor. This environment helped him love learning from a young age. He went to university in China and got his first degree in 1942. Later, he moved to the United States for further studies at the University of Chicago. There, he learned from famous scientists and got his Ph.D．in 1948. Professor Yang was most interested in physics. He wrote many research papers for important science magazines. In 1957, when he was 35, he won the famous Nobel Prize in Physics with another scientist, Tsung-Dao Lee, for their important discovery. He also received other awards and honors for his contributions to science. In the late 1990s, he returned to China and became a Chinese citizen again. He made great contributions to Chinese scientific education. He became a professor at Tsinghua University. He didn’t just teach, he personally raised money and helped design and build the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua. He taught top university students physics courses, inspiring them with his passion and deep understanding. He brought back talented Chinese scientists from overseas to make China’s research teams stronger. He became a “cultural and scientific bridge” between China and the West. He gave lots of lectures to students and the public to spread scientific knowledge. His greatest contribution was using his wisdom, experience, and influence to train the next generations of Chinese scientists and help China become a strong scientific country in the world. 21．Why did Chen Ning Yang win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A．Because of his well-known research papers. B．Because of his famous Institute for Advanced Study. C．Because of his important discovery with Tsung-Dao Lee. D．Because of his scientific education at Tsinghua University. 22．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A．Yang’s scientific research. B．Yang’s early achievements. C．Yang’s contributions to China. D．Yang’s study experience in China. 23．In which order did the following happen in Chen Ning Yang’s life? a. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics. b. He got his first degree in China. c. He returned to China and became a professor. d. He got his Ph.D．at the University of Chicago. A．b-d-a-c B．b-d-c-a C．d-a-b-c D．d-b-c-a 24．What did Chen Ning Yang do to make China’s research team stronger? A．He gave physics lectures to many top university students. B．He wrote many research papers for science magazines. C．He raised money to build the Institute for Advanced Study. D．He influenced overseas Chinese scientists to return to China. 25．Which part on the left can you get more information about Yang’s Nobel Prize? A．Speeches. B．Achievements. C．Education. D．More. 【答案】21．C 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 【导语】本文介绍了著名物理学家、诺贝尔奖获得者杨振宁的生平、学术成就及其为中国科学教育事业做出的贡献。 21．细节理解题。根据“he won the famous Nobel Prize in Physics with another scientist, Tsung-Dao Lee, for their important discovery.”可知，杨振宁因与李政道的重要发现而获诺贝尔奖。故选C。 22．主旨大意题。第四段主要介绍了杨振宁回到中国后，在清华大学任教、筹款建设高等研究院、引进海外人才、开展科普讲座等贡献。因此本段主要讲他对中国的贡献。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据“He went to university in China and got his first degree in 1942”可知，b“他在中国获得第一个学位”发生在1942年；根据“Later, he moved to the United States for further studies at the University of Chicago. There, he learned from famous scientists and got his Ph.D. in 1948.”可知，d“他在芝加哥大学获得博士学位”发生在1948年；根据“In 1957, when he was 35, he won the famous Nobel Prize in Physics with another scientist, Tsung-Dao Lee, for their important discovery”可知，a“他获得诺贝尔物理学奖”发生在1957年；根据“In the late 1990s, he returned to China and became a Chinese citizen again. He made great contributions to Chinese scientific education”可知，c“他回到中国并成为教授”发生在20世纪90年代末，所以顺序是b-d-a-c。故选A。 24．细节理解题。根据“He brought back talented Chinese scientists from overseas to make China’s research teams stronger.”可知，他吸引海外华人科学家回国以加强中国科研队伍。故选D。 25．推理判断题。根据“In 1957, when he was 35, he won the famous Nobel Prize in Physics with another scientist, Tsung-Dao Lee, for their important discovery. He also received other awards and honors for his contributions to science”可知，诺贝尔奖属于杨振宁的成就，所以可以在“Achievements”部分获取更多关于他诺贝尔奖的信息。故选B。 B Encyclopedias can give you facts and information about all kinds of subjects. There are different kinds of encyclopedias, such as encyclopedia of science, encyclopedia of music and so on. Do you know which encyclopedia the following two articles are from? Philippe Bizot is a famous Mime Master (哑剧大师) from France. He was born in 1967 and began learning mime when he was just eight years old. Since then, he has never stopped studying it. At the age of 20, he got the “International Paris Mime Prize”. In the past 30 years, he has given shows to people across the world. Bizot thinks living in a world without words makes people imagine. With no other things or conversations, Bizot gives the shows only by using his body, gestures and facial expressions (面部表情). Do you know that not only the fish but also some animals live in the sea? For example, the whale is not a fish. It can’t breathe in the water. It swims in the water. But it comes up for air. The blue whale is the world’s biggest animal. There are other sea animals too. One is called the dolphin. Dolphins need air to live. They breathe air as whales do. Dolphins are very clever. They sometimes seem to speak to each other. Many other animals live near the sea. Seals and otters (水獭) love the sea. They swim and play there. They eat smaller fish and sea plants. 26．When did Philippe Bizot start to learn mime? A．When he was 8 years old in 1967. B．When he was 8 years old in 1975. C．When he was 20 years old in 1987. D．When he was 20 years old in 1985. 27．How does Philippe Bizot give his mime shows? A．By using body, gestures and facial expressions only. B．By using words, body and facial expressions together. C．By using conversations, gestures and body movements. D．By using tools, body gestures and simple conversations. 28．What fact about whales is mentioned in the passage? A．Whales are fish that can breathe under the water easily. B．Whales are not fish and need to come up for air. C．Whales are the smallest sea animals in the world now. D．Whales can’t swim well and live near the sea surface. 29．The third paragraph probably comes from the encyclopedia of ______ A．plants B．fish C．animals D．nature 30．What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To advise readers to learn mime and protect sea animals in daily life. B．To introduce a famous mime master and some common sea animals to readers. C．To compare the differences between mime art and sea animal living habits. D．To explain the history of mime development and the evolution of sea animals. 【答案】26．B 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．B 【导语】本文以百科全书中的两篇文章为例，第一篇介绍了法国著名哑剧大师Philippe Bizot的生平与艺术风格，第二篇介绍了海洋哺乳动物的生活习性。 26．细节理解题。根据“He was born in 1967 and began learning mime when he was just eight years old.”可知，他出生于1967年，8岁开始学习哑剧。1967+8=1975年，因此Philippe Bizot是1975年开始学习哑剧。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据“With no other things or conversations, Bizot gives the shows only by using his body, gestures and facial expressions (面部表情).”可知，他只运用身体、手势和面部表情进行表演。故选A。 28．细节理解题。根据“For example, the whale is not a fish…But it comes up for air.”可知，鲸鱼不是鱼，它们需要浮出水面呼吸空气。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据“Do you know that not only the fish but also some animals live in the sea?”以及“The blue whale is the world’s biggest animal.”、“One is called the dolphin.”和“Seals and otters (水獭) love the sea.”可知，这一段主要介绍生活在海洋里的动物，因此最可能出自关于动物的百科全书。故选C。 30．主旨大意题。文章开头提到百科全书可以提供各种主题的事实和信息，随后分别给出了两篇文章作为例子：一篇关于著名哑剧大师，一篇关于海洋动物。因此，作者的主要写作目的是向读者介绍这两篇具体的百科全书条目内容，即介绍一位哑剧大师和一些常见的海洋动物。故选B。 C How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries, people have developed different ways of telling the time. About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people were able to know midday. The Egyptians made a sundial about 3,500 years ago. It was smaller than the sun clock and could let people know the time for half a day. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks about 3,400 years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China. But they failed to make people know the exact time. In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. Over the next few centuries it was developed. For example, springs (发条) were added around 1500. This enabled people to get the correct time and allowed clocks to be smaller. In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. People began depending on them more and more to run business, markets and so on. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites send our mobile phones the time to the exact second. There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work. 31．According to the passage, we can’t use the ________ to tell the time on a rainy day. A．water clock B．sun clock C．digital clock D．mechanical clock 32．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “ordinary” in the third paragraph? A．modern B．special C．rich D．common 33．How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 34．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? （①—paragraph 1,  ②—paragraph 2, …） A．B．C． D． 35．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of time. B．The development of timekeeping. C．The inventions of clocks. D．The history of a digital clock. 【答案】31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类历史上计时工具的发展，从古埃及的太阳钟和水钟，到机械钟、石英钟，再到现代的数字钟和卫星时间同步，强调了时间测量技术的进步以及它对人类生活的影响。 【详解】31．细节理解题。根据“On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial.”可知，在阴天或晚上，不可能用太阳钟或日晷来报时。由于雨天通常也是阴天，因此日晷在雨天也无法使用。故选B。 32．词句猜测题。根据“Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock.”可知，钟表制造变得便宜了，普通人拥有一块钟表也便宜了。因此，“ordinary”在这里的意思是“普通的”。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据“About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock.”，“ The Egyptians made a sundial about 3,500 years ago.”，“In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. ”，“In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed.”，“More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. ”可知大约5500年前，埃及人发明了太阳钟；埃及人在3500年前制造了日晷；水钟是第一个不使用太阳的钟；在13世纪，机械钟被发明；1927年，第一个石英钟被发明；1956年，出现了数字钟。总共六种钟。故选C。 34．篇章结构题。根据文章内容，文章第一段介绍了我们如何知道时间，第二段和第三段介绍了古代人们计时的方法现代计时工具的发展，第四段总结了计时技术的进步和一些不变的事情。因此，文章的结构是①—②③—④。选项A中的结构与此相符。故选A。 35．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change.”可知，文章主要讲述了计时技术的进步和变化。故选B。 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 Qian Xuesen was a great scientist. 36 He is also known as “the King of the Rocket.” Thanks to his research, China’s space technology has progressed in a rapid way. Qian was born in Shanghai on December 11th, 1911. 37 After graduation, he worked in America for a few years. In the early 1950s, he heard that New China had been founded (建立), and he decided to give up the good working conditions in America. Although the American government tried to stop him from leaving, he succeeded in coming back to China in 1955. 38 Then it became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel. At that time, the conditions in China were too hard. 39 On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite (卫星), “Dongfanghong I” was successfully sent into the air. A student of Qian Xuesen, Zhu Yilin, once said, “I learned professional knowledge and working spirit from Mr. Qian. 40 When New China needed scientists badly, he returned to help in the rocket industry.” A．I sensed his deep love for our country, too. B．Who visited Qian Xuesen when he was in China? C．At the age of 24, he went to America to study. D．But Qian and his team still faced the difficulties bravely. E．He is known as “the Father of China’s Space Program.” F．In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested starting a special organization. 【答案】36．E 37．C 38．F 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了“中国航天之父”、“火箭之王”钱学森。他在美国学成后，怀着一颗伟大的爱国心回到祖国，为新中国的建设做出巨大贡献。 【详解】36．根据“He is also known as ‘the King of the Rocket.’”可知，此处介绍人们对钱学森先生的尊称。故选项E“他被誉为‘中国航天之父’。”符合语境。故选E。 37．根据“After graduation, he worked in America for a few years.”可知，此处介绍钱学森的求学经历。故选项C“24岁时，他去了美国学习。”符合语境。故选C。 38．根据“Then it became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel.”可知，此处提到了一个组织。故选项F“1956年，钱学森建议成立一个专门的组织。”符合语境。故选F。 39．根据“At that time, the conditions in China were too hard. … On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite”可知，当时中国的条件很艰苦，但是钱学森克服艰苦，最终成功研制中国第一颗人造卫星。故选项D“但是钱和他的团队仍然勇敢地面对困难。”符合语境。故选D。 40．根据“When New China needed scientists badly, he returned to help in the rocket industry.”可知，当新中国急需科学家时，钱学森放弃美国优渥的生活毅然决然回国，这这表现了他对祖国深沉的爱。故选项A“我也感觉到了他对我们国家深深的爱。”符合语境。故选A。 四、项目情景(共两节,满分15分) 第一节 配对阅读(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了《永乐大典》六个分卷的内容。请根据五位学生的需求，选择最适合他们阅读的分卷 (volume)，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 41 Fiona is a kind girl. She wants to learn more and be a doctor to help others. 42 Ben’s favorite subject is Geography. He likes travelling very much. 43 Henry is interested in Chinese opera and that is why he comes to China. 44 Bobby has a green thumb. He likes reading books about farming and planting. 45 Maggie likes Chinese poems. She wants to find some poems about mountains and rivers. A．Volume 14219 offers people fantastic information about mountains and rivers. There are lots of pictures. It is a must-read book to those who love Geography. B．Volume 13965 brings you something about different kinds of opera in different periods of China. You can understand more about the Chinese opera. C． Volume 2130 is a perfect guide to Chinese ancient medicine. It is full of practical medical skills and ways to help the sick people. D．Some volumes about Dance will lead you to the dancing world. There you can get to know the development of famous dances in history. E. In the volume about Farming, you will discover how people use the 24 solar terms for farming. The wisdom of ancient Chinese people in agriculture is truly amazing. F. From Volume 2272 to Volume 2274, you can get a general idea about the poems. You can find poems on different themes such as nature, love, family and so on. 【答案】41．C 42．A 43．B 44．E 45．F 【导语】本文介绍了《永乐大典》六个分卷的内容，以及五位学生的阅读需求，需要为他们匹配最适合的分卷。 41．根据“Fiona...wants to learn more and be a doctor to help others.”可知，Fiona想成为医生帮助他人。选项C“第2130卷是一本完美的中国古代医学指南。它充满了实用的医疗技巧和方法来帮助病人。”与之匹配。故选C。 42．根据“Ben’s favorite subject is Geography. He likes travelling very much.”可知，Ben喜欢地理。选项A“第14219卷为人们提供了关于山脉和河流的奇妙信息。有很多图片。对于热爱地理的人来说，这是一本必读的书。” 与之匹配。故选A。 43．根据“Henry is interested in Chinese opera...”可知，Henry对中国戏曲感兴趣。选项B“第13965卷给你介绍了中国不同时期不同种类的歌剧。你可以更多地了解中国戏曲。”与之匹配。故选B。 44．根据“Bobby...likes reading books about farming and planting.”可知，Bobby喜欢农业种植类书籍。选项E“在关于农业的那一卷中，你会发现人们是如何使用二十四节气来耕作的。中国古代人民在农业方面的智慧确实令人惊叹。”与之匹配。故选E。 45．根据“Maggie likes Chinese poems. She wants to find some poems about mountains and rivers.”可知，Maggie喜欢中国诗歌，想找关于山川的诗歌。选项F“从第2272卷到第2274卷，你可以对这些诗有一个大致的了解。你可以找到不同主题的诗歌，比如自然、爱情、家庭等等。”与之匹配。故选F。 第二节 回答问题(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分) 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题。 China is well-known for its long history and rich culture. What’s more, the ancient Chinese people were smart, hard-working and good at inventing things, such as the Four Great Chinese Inventions. They also had the courage to explore the world. Now let’s read some examples of them. Example 1: Tiangong Kaiwu was written by Song Yingxing in the Ming Dynasty. Known as “the Encyclopedia (百科全书) of Ancient Chinese Technology”, it records different kinds of knowledge, such as rice planting, silk weaving, metal smelting and paper-making. This book tells about the advanced level of technology in ancient China. Example 2: A good example is Jian Zhen’s boat journey to Japan in the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-907). He went there to help build temples, teach Buddhism (佛教) and spread Chinese culture. During this journey, he brought them excellent Chinese culture, building skills and medical knowledge. Example 3: Zheng He, another great man in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1368-1644), led large ships to sail to the Western Seas seven times. His team visited many countries and areas in Asia, Europe and Africa. During the trips, they carried a lot of Chinese goods, such as silk, china and tea, to these places. These goods were then sold to the West. Zheng He’s trips also helped the West understand China’s sea technology and sailing skills, which pushed the development of science and technology in Western countries. In a word, Jian Zhen’s boat journey, Zheng He’s sea trips and Tiangong Kaiwu are shining parts of ancient Chinese culture. They are not only great achievements of the Chinese people but also important bridges connecting China with the rest of the world. These efforts spread Chinese wisdom and culture far and wide, and improved the exchange and development of human civilizations (文明). Even today, their influence still encourages people around the world to learn from and communicate with each other. 46．What is the book Tiangong Kaiwu about? 47．According to Example 2, why did Jian Zhen go to Japan? 48．How did Zheng He’s trips influence the Western countries? 49．What did these ancient achievements improve? 50．After reading this text, what do you think of our Chinese culture? Why do you think so? 【答案】46．The advanced level of technology in ancient China./It’s about the advanced level of technology in ancient China. 47．To help build temples, teach Buddhism and spread Chinese culture. 48．By helping the West understand China’s sea technology and sailing skills./By pushing the development of science and technology in Western countries. 49．The exchange and development of human civilizations. 50．I think Chinese culture is excellent and valuable because it has a long history with rich and different forms like art, medicine, farming and technology, which show the wisdom of ancient Chinese people. What’s more, it has influenced the world deeply. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过《天工开物》、鉴真东渡和郑和下西洋三个例子，展现了中国古代的文化成就与对外交流，体现了中国文化的影响力与价值。 46．根据“Tiangong Kaiwu... This book tells about the advanced level of technology in ancient China.”可知，这本书介绍了中国古代的先进技术水平。故填The advanced level of technology in ancient China./It’s about the advanced level of technology in ancient China. 47．根据“He went there to help build temples, teach Buddhism and spread Chinese culture.”可知，鉴真去日本是为了协助建寺庙、传授佛教并传播中国文化。故填To help build temples, teach Buddhism and spread Chinese culture. 48．根据“Zheng He’s trips also helped the West understand China’s sea technology and sailing skills, which pushed the development of science and technology in Western countries.”可知，郑和的航行帮助西方了解中国的航海技术，推动了西方国家的科技发展。故填By helping the West understand China’s sea technology and sailing skills./By pushing the development of science and technology in Western countries. 49．根据“These efforts spread Chinese wisdom and culture far and wide, and improved the exchange and development of human civilizations.”可知，这些古代成就促进了人类文明的交流与发展。故填The exchange and development of human civilizations. 50．本题为开放性问题，答案合理即可。故填I think Chinese culture is excellent and valuable because it has a long history with rich and different forms like art, medicine, farming and technology, which show the wisdom of ancient Chinese people. What’s more, it has influenced the world deeply. 五、写作（共三节,满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) Nie Er: A Great Chinese Composer Nie Er was a famous Chinese composer. His o 51 name was Nie Shouxin. He was born on February 14, 1912, in Kunming, Yunnan. During his short life, he saw much s 52 in China during the war, which made him want to help people through music. Nie Er created many popular songs, and his most famous work is The March of the Volunteers, which later became China’s n 53 anthem. Sadly, he died at the young age of 23 in 1935, but his music has had a great i 54 on Chinese people. Today, people still a 55 Nie Er for his talent and love for the country. His songs not only showed his care for people’s lives but also encouraged many to fight for a better future. Though he lived a short life, his music remains alive in everyone’s heart. 【答案】51．(o)riginal 52．(s)uffering 53．(n)ational 54．(i)nfluence 55．(a)dmire 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名作曲家聂耳的生平、他的代表作《义勇军进行曲》以及他的音乐对中国人民产生的深远影响。 【详解】51．句意：他的原名是聂守信。根据“name was Nie Shouxin”以及首字母提示可知，聂耳原名聂守信，original“原来的”，形容词作定语修饰名词name。故填(o)riginal。 52．句意：在他短暂的一生中，他目睹了战争中中国人民遭受的苦难，这使他想通过音乐帮助人民。根据“During his short life, he saw much...in China during the war”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是战争中中国人民遭受的苦难，suffering“痛苦，苦难”，不可数名词。故填(s)uffering。 53．句意：聂耳创作了许多流行歌曲，他最著名的作品是《义勇军进行曲》，后来成为中国的国歌。根据“The March of the Volunteers, which later became China’s...anthem”以及首字母提示可知，《义勇军进行曲》是中国的国歌，national“国家的”，形容词作定语修饰名词anthem。故填(n)ational。 54．句意：不幸的是，他于1935年去世，年仅23岁，但他的音乐对中国人民产生了巨大的影响。根据“but his music has had a great...on Chinese people”以及首字母提示可知，此处考查短语have a great influence on“对……有巨大影响”。故填(i)nfluence。 55．句意：今天，人们仍然钦佩聂耳的才华和爱国情怀。根据“people still...Nie Er for his talent and love for the country”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是人们钦佩聂耳的才华和爱国情怀，admire“钦佩”，动词；根据“still”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语people为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(a)dmire。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Do you know about Confucius? Confucius is 56 (great) teacher in Chinese history. His birthday was on September 28. Although he 57 (live) over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 58 hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work 59 (help) his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up 60 (study). He visited many famous teachers and learnt music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the 61 (one) public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school 62 they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 63 (student) in his life. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learnt. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better 64 me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught 65 (we) that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” 【答案】 56．the greatest 57．lived 58．a 59．to help 60．studying 61．first 62．if 63．students 64．than 65．us 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我国古代伟大的教育家孔子。 【详解】56．句意：孔子是中国历史上最伟大的老师。根据空格后比较范围“in Chinese history”可知使用最高级，形容词最高级前用the，great的最高级是greatest。故填the greatest。 57．句意：尽管他生活在2000多年前，但人们仍然记得并尊重他对当今教育的贡献。根据时间状语“over 2,000 years ago”可知此句时态为一般过去时，live“生活，居住”的过去式是lived。故填lived。 58．句意：他有一个艰苦的童年。根据“hard”是辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，have a hard childhood“童年生活很艰苦”，故填a。 59．句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。此句谓语是“had to work”，后面再跟动词一般使用动词不定式，此句是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。 60．句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”，give up“放弃，认输”，及物动词，后面跟动名词作宾语，study“学习”，动名词是studying。故填studying。 61．句意：后来，他成为一名教师，开办了中国历史上第一所公立学校。此空格处表示顺序，应用序数词，one的序数词是first，故填first。 62．句意：当时，只有贵族家庭的孩子才能上学，但孔子认为每个人都应该上学，如果他们想学习。根据“… everyone should go to school…they wanted to learn.”可知，前句是在后句的条件下出现的结果，后句表示条件，应用if引导此条件状语从句。故填if。 63．句意：他一生中有大约3000名学生。根据空格前数词“about 3,000”可知，空格处用名词复数。故填students。 64．句意：当我和三个人在一起时，其中一个人在某些方面一定比我强。根据比较级“better”和空格后比较对象“me”可知用介词than。故填than。 65．句意：他还告诉我们，思考在学习中非常重要。空格处作宾语，应用人称代词宾格，we“我们”，宾格形式是us。故填us。 第三节、书面表达（15分） 66．下面内容是从《百科全书》上摘取的关于中国科学家黄旭华的介绍。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇关于黄旭华的短文 1. 基本信息：中国科学家，1926年生于广东潮汕，2024年逝世。 2. 成长背景：早年对科学和工程学极感兴趣。终生致力于中国核潜艇研究。 3. 主要成就：他在核潜艇(Nuclear Submarines)方面取得成功，使中国国防(national defense)得到有力的加强。 4.荣誉与影响：获得“共和国勋章”(the Medal of the Republic)被称为“中国核潜艇之父”(Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines)。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】【参考范文】 Huang Xuhua (1926-2024), a well-known Chinese scientist, was born in Guangdong Province. From an early age, he showed great interest in science and engineering, and he was unusually talented in solving difficult problems. He devoted his life to developing China’s first nuclear submarines. Building submarines was extremely challenging work, and he faced many problems. However, he never gave up. His efforts and knowledge played an important role in the success of China’s nuclear submarine project. Thanks to his work, China now has powerful submarines that can protect the country well, and his work has made great contributions to China’s national defense. Huang won many awards for his outstanding achievements. In 2019, he received the Medal of the Republic, one of China’s highest honours. People call him the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文为一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：“一般过去时”； ③提示：覆盖所有要点，结构清晰，语言简练准确。 [写作步骤] 第一步，对文章的主人公进行简单介绍。介绍基本信息和成长背景； 第二步，具体阐述其主要成就与贡献以及产生的影响； 第三步，详细介绍获得的荣誉。 [亮点词汇] ①well-known知名的 ②from an early age从年轻时开始 ③thanks to由于 [高分句型] Thanks to his work, China now has powerful submarines that can protect the country well, and his work has made great contributions to China’s national defense.（定语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $