第61卷 就近一致-2027年山东省(春季高考)《英语考纲百套卷》(原卷版+解析版)

2026-06-10
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摘要:

**基本信息** 聚焦“就近一致”考点,通过单选与短文填空结合,系统覆盖there be、not only...but also等核心结构,强化语法应用与语篇逻辑,提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |英语知识单选|25题|考查there be、not only...but also等结构主谓一致,涵盖不同时态与人称|从基础句型到复合结构,由单一考点到综合辨析,构建语法规则认知链| |短文填空|10题|结合环保主题语境,在语篇中应用就近一致原则|从孤立语法到语篇运用,实现知识点从理解到表达的迁移,培养逻辑思维|

内容正文:

编写说明:【2027版】山东省(春季高考)《英语考纲百套卷》,依据最新版《山东省春季高考英语考试标准(对比版)》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份:第一部分是64份考点训练卷,第二部分是情景交际、阅读理解、补充对话、短文填空、写作21份专题训练卷,第三部分是不同难度等级的15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】山东省(春季高考)《英语考纲百套卷》的第61卷,是就近一致考点训练卷。 【2027版】山东省(春季高考)《英语考纲百套卷》 第61卷 考点训练卷·就近一致 考试时间:45分钟 满分:70分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、英语知识单选(共25小题,每题2分,共50分) 1.There _____ a book and two pens on the desk. A.is B.are C.have D.has 2.Not only my brother but also I ________ fond of collecting stamps. A.is B.are C.were D.am 3.There ________ a table, two computers and three chairs in the room. A.have B.has C.is D.are 4.There ________ a park and two shops near here. A.has B.have C.are D.is 5.Neither Joe nor his friends ________ the good news. Let’s tell them. A.know B.knows C.knowing D.known 6.______ Mary ______ Tom is warm-hearted. They are very popular with our classmates. A.Both; and B.Not only; but also C.Neither; nor D.Either; or 7.There _______ a table and two chairs in jenny’s room. A.am B.is C.are D.were 8.Either you or he ________ going to type the letter for me. A.is B.are C.were D.am 9.There ______ a lot of people in the museum yesterday. A.is B.are C.was D.were 10.— Tony, there ________ a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away. — OK, Mum. I’ll do it right now. A.is B.are C.has D.have 11._______ you ________ Lily was invited to the party, so you can go there together. A.Neither; nor B.Either; or C.Not only; but also D.Both; and 12.Not only the actors but also the director ________ to present a wonderful New Year film to the audience. A.try B.tries C.trying D.to try 13.There ________two chairs and a desk in the room. A.aren’t B.isn’t C.don’t D.is 14.Not only the students but also the teacher _______ a great interest in playing football. A.show B.shows C.to show D.showing 15.Neither the manager nor the employees ________ satisfied with the new policy. A.is B.are C.was D.has been 16.There ________ a new fitness app and some videos about health on the phone. A.is B.are C.was D.were 17.—________ there any living things on other planets? —I have no idea. Maybe We can know more about that in the future. A.Is B.Are C.Has D.Have 18.Not only my parents but also my uncle _________ fond of Peking opera. A.were B.is C.are D.am 19.Neither his friends nor his teacher ________ visited the museum. A.have B.has C.is D.are 20.There ________ a living room, a kitchen and two bedrooms in this apartment. A.have B.are C.is D.were 21.There two schools and a bank near here. A.has B.have C.are D.is 22.There ________ a bank and two schools near here. A.has B.have C.are D.is 23.There ________ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them. A.is B.are C.has D.have 24.— ________ there a lot of milk in the glass? — Yes, there ________. A.Is; isn’t B.Are ; are C.Is; is D.Am; am not 25.— Not only Gu Ailing but also Su Yiming ________ the hero of the young. — Exactly. Both of them ________ interested in skiing since they were still young. A.are; have become B.is; have been C.are; have been D.is; has become 二、短文填空(共10小题,每题2分,共20分) Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. Now there 26.______ lots of rubbish in parks and rivers. Not only plastic bags but also waste bottles 27.______ the river dirty. This rule tests proximity agreement(就近一致考点). Our class 28.______ a clean-up activity last Sunday. All students 29.______ gloves and bags to collect rubbish. My deskmate and I 30.______ many plastic bottles by the lake. The teacher tells us that little action 31.______ great change. We must stop 32.______ water and electricity. Neither you nor your brother 33.______ to throw rubbish everywhere. We plan 34.______ posters about environmental protection next week. I hope the world 35.______ cleaner and greener in the future. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 编写说明:【2027版】山东省(春季高考)《英语考纲百套卷》,依据最新版《山东省春季高考英语考试标准(对比版)》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份:第一部分是64份考点训练卷,第二部分是情景交际、阅读理解、补充对话、短文填空、写作21份专题训练卷,第三部分是不同难度等级的15份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】山东省(春季高考)《英语考纲百套卷》的第61卷,是就近一致考点训练卷。 【2027版】山东省(春季高考)《英语考纲百套卷》 第61卷 考点训练卷·就近一致 考试时间:45分钟 满分:70分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、英语知识单选(共25小题,每题2分,共50分) 1.There _____ a book and two pens on the desk. A.is B.are C.have D.has 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:在桌子上有一本书和一些钢笔。There be句型,根据主谓一致原则,be 动词的形式需要与最靠近它的主语保持一致。如果主语是单数,be动词用is;如果主语是复数,be动词用are。由“a book”可知,book为单数形式,因此be动词为is。故选A。 2.Not only my brother but also I ________ fond of collecting stamps. A.is B.are C.were D.am 【答案】D 【详解】考查就近一致原则。句意:不仅我哥哥喜欢而且我也喜欢集邮。分析句子结构可知,主语为“my brother”和“I”,短语“be fond of”为“喜欢……”,所填处应为be动词,即谓语动词。当“not only … but also … (不仅……而且……)”连接两个主语时,谓语动词要与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致,即谓语动词要遵循就近一致原则,谓语动词前的主语为I,I所对应的be动词为am。故选D。 3.There ________ a table, two computers and three chairs in the room. A.have B.has C.is D.are 【答案】C 【详解】考查there be句型和主谓一致。句意:房间里有一张桌子,两台电脑和三把椅子。这里是there be句型,在there be句型中,be动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”,和离它最近的主语保持一致,离它最近的主语是a table是单数,谓语动词用单数。故选C项。 4.There ________ a park and two shops near here. A.has B.have C.are D.is 【答案】D 【详解】考查there be句型。句意:这附近有一个公园和两家商店。分析句子结构可知,句子为there be句型。在there be句型中,be动词的形式遵循“就近原则”,即与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。本句中离be动词最近的主语是“a park”,为单数形式,所以be动词应用is。故选D。 5.Neither Joe nor his friends ________ the good news. Let’s tell them. A.know B.knows C.knowing D.known 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:乔和他的朋友都不知道这个好消息。让我们告诉他们。分析句子可知,句子没有明确的时间标志词,可以默认为一般现在时;neither ... nor ... 意为“既不······也不······”,连接两个主语时谓语动词需遵循就近一致原则,即谓语动词的单复数需与nor后的主语保持一致;此题中nor后的主语是his friends,名词的复数,故用动词原形know。故选A。 6.______ Mary ______ Tom is warm-hearted. They are very popular with our classmates. A.Both; and B.Not only; but also C.Neither; nor D.Either; or 【答案】B 【详解】考查连词辨析和主谓一致。句意:玛丽和汤姆都很热心。他们很受同学们的欢迎。A. both...and两者都,谓语动词用复数;B. not only...but also不但……而且,两者都,谓语动词就近一致;C. neither...nor既不……也不;D. either...or或者……或者。根据“ They are very popular with our classmates.”可知,此处表示两者都很热心;根据谓语动词is可知,此处是就近一致原则,应是用not only...but also连接主语。故选B。 7.There _______ a table and two chairs in jenny’s room. A.am B.is C.are D.were 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致和动词的时态。句意:在珍妮的房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。句子描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时;“there be”句型中,be动词的形式通常与最邻近的主语一致。由“a table”可知,table为单数形式,所以be动词应用is。故选B。 8.Either you or he ________ going to type the letter for me. A.is B.are C.were D.am 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:要么是你,要么是他,给我打这封信。either...or连接主语时,谓语动词的人称和数应与最靠近它的主语保持一致,即就近原则;此处应与he保持一致,用be动词单数is。故选A。 9.There ______ a lot of people in the museum yesterday. A.is B.are C.was D.were 【答案】D 【详解】考查there be句型。句意:昨天博物馆有很多人。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知,此处应用一般过去时;There be句型,意为“有”,be动词的单复数形式与be动词后的名词的单复数保持一致,“people”是集合名词,表复数概念,be动词要用复数形式were。故选D。 10.— Tony, there ________ a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away. — OK, Mum. I’ll do it right now. A.is B.are C.has D.have 【答案】A 【详解】考查就近原则。句意:——托尼,在你桌子上有一本字典和一些书。请把它们收起来放好。——好的,妈妈。我马上做。“there be”表示“有……”, be动词遵循“就近原则”,本题离be动词最近的名词“a dictionary”是单数,所以be动词用is。故选A。 11._______ you ________ Lily was invited to the party, so you can go there together. A.Neither; nor B.Either; or C.Not only; but also D.Both; and 【答案】C 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意:不但你而且莉莉也被邀请去派对了,所以你们可以一起去。A. Neither; nor既不……也不……(遵循“就近原则”);B. Either; or要么……要么……(遵循“就近原则”);C. Not only; but also不但……而且……(遵循“就近原则”);D. Both; and两者都(谓语动词要用复数形式)。根据“so you can go there together.”可知,两人都被邀请去参加派对;根据“was”可知,此处应是就近原则,所以是Not only... but also。故选C。 12.Not only the actors but also the director ________ to present a wonderful New Year film to the audience. A.try B.tries C.trying D.to try 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:不仅演员,而且导演试图呈现一个精彩的贺岁片给观众。分析句子可知,空处为句子的谓语部分;“Not only ... but also”连接两个并列主语时,谓语遵循“就近原则”,本题中离谓语动词较近的是“the director”,故谓语动词用三单形式。故选B。 13.There ________two chairs and a desk in the room. A.aren’t B.isn’t C.don’t D.is 【答案】A 【详解】考查there be句型,主谓一致。句意:房间里没有两把椅子和一张桌子。there be:有,在there be句型中要遵循“就近一致”原则,即be动词词形应与靠得最近的主语“chairs”保持一致,chairs是名词复数,故用be动词用复数形式“aren’t”。故选A。 14.Not only the students but also the teacher _______ a great interest in playing football. A.show B.shows C.to show D.showing 【答案】B 【详解】考查谓语和主谓一致。句意:不仅学生们,而且老师也对踢足球表现出极大的兴趣。分析句子可知,此处缺谓语;not only ... but also ...,意为“不仅……而且……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”,即要与靠近它的主语保持一致;本句中,与“the teacher”保持一致,用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 15.Neither the manager nor the employees ________ satisfied with the new policy. A.is B.are C.was D.has been 【答案】B 【详解】句意:经理和员工们都不满意这项新政策。 句子描述的是当前的情况,应该用一般现在时。“neither … nor …”表示“既不……也不……”,它连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”,即与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。在本句中,离谓语动词最近的主语是“the employees”,是复数形式,所以谓语动词应该用复数形式are。 16.There ________ a new fitness app and some videos about health on the phone. A.is B.are C.was D.were 【答案】A 【详解】考查there be句型的主谓一致。句意:手机上有一个新的健身应用程序和一些关于健康的视频。在there be句型中,当有多个并列主语时,be动词的形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致,即“就近原则”。本句中离be动词最近的主语是“a new fitness app”,为单数名词,因此be动词用单数形式。句子描述的是现在的客观情况,应用一般现在时,故用is。故选A。 17.—________ there any living things on other planets? —I have no idea. Maybe We can know more about that in the future. A.Is B.Are C.Has D.Have 【答案】B 【详解】考查there be句型和主谓一致。句意:—其他星球上有生物吗?—我不知道。也许将来我们可以了解更多。there be结构表示“在某地存在着某人/某物”;have/has表示“某人/某物拥有……”。表达在其他星球上存在着生物,应使用there be句型,主语“things”是可数名词的复数形式,因此be动词用are,一般疑问句中,将are提到句首。故选B。 18.Not only my parents but also my uncle _________ fond of Peking opera. A.were B.is C.are D.am 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:不但我的父母,而且我的叔叔,喜欢京剧。not only…but also…:不但……而且……,连接的两个主语,遵循“就近原则”,即谓语动词的形式与靠近它的主语保持一致。在“Not only my parents but also my uncle ... fond of Peking opera.”中,靠近谓语动词的主语是“my uncle”,是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词用“is”。故选B。 19.Neither his friends nor his teacher ________ visited the museum. A.have B.has C.is D.are 【答案】B 【详解】句意:他的朋友和他的老师都没有参观过博物馆。 在“neither...nor...”结构中,谓语动词应与nor后的主语保持一致;此处nor后的主语“his teacher”为单数,且句子需用现在完成时态(visited为过去分词),故助动词需使用单数形式“has”。 20.There ________ a living room, a kitchen and two bedrooms in this apartment. A.have B.are C.is D.were 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:这套公寓里有一间起居室,一间厨房和两间卧室。根据“There ... a living room, a kitchen and two bedrooms in this apartment.”可知,此处是there be句型,“there be”句型表示“某地有某物”,遵循“就近原则”,在“There ... a living room, a kitchen and two bedrooms in this apartment.”这句话中,离be动词最近的名词是“a living room”,是单数形式,所以be动词应该用单数形式is。故选C。 21.There two schools and a bank near here. A.has B.have C.are D.is 【答案】C 【详解】考查there be句型。句意:这附近有两所学校和一家银行。这是一个there be句型,there be句型遵循“就近原则”,根据后面“two schools”是复数可知,be动词应用are。故选C。 22.There ________ a bank and two schools near here. A.has B.have C.are D.is 【答案】D 【详解】考查there be句型和主谓一致。句意:这附近有一家银行和两所学校。There be句型,意为“有”,be动词的单复数形式要遵循“就近原则”,也就是要与最靠近be动词的那个名词的单复数形式保持一致,本句中与a bank“一家银行”保持一致,用单数形式。故选D。 23.There ________ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them. A.is B.are C.has D.have 【答案】A 【详解】考查there be句型与就近一致原则。句意:在篮子里有一个苹果和是个香蕉。你可以拿走其中的任意一个。根据句子结构可知,此处表示“有,存在”用there be句型,故此空填be动词;又因为there be句型要遵循就近一致原则,后面紧跟的主语是“an apple”,是单数名词,故用is。故选A。 24.— ________ there a lot of milk in the glass? — Yes, there ________. A.Is; isn’t B.Are ; are C.Is; is D.Am; am not 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:——杯子里有很多牛奶吗?——是的,有。分析句子可知,两空处都是there be句型结构,第一空和第二空句子主语都是a lot of milk,是不可数名词,根据主谓一致原则,对应be动词是is,再根据答语“Yes”可知,是作肯定回答。故选C。 25.— Not only Gu Ailing but also Su Yiming ________ the hero of the young. — Exactly. Both of them ________ interested in skiing since they were still young. A.are; have become B.is; have been C.are; have been D.is; has become 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——不仅谷爱凌,而且苏翊鸣是年轻人的英雄。——完全正确。他们俩自很小的时候起就对滑雪感兴趣。 第一空,not only ... but also ...连接并列成分作主语时,谓语动词需遵循就近原则(与Su Yiming保持一致),故用单数形式is;第二空,因时间状语since they were young要求延续性动作,需用现在完成时的延续性动词结构have been (主语both of them为复数)。 二、短文填空(共10小题,每题2分,共20分) Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. Now there 26.______ lots of rubbish in parks and rivers. Not only plastic bags but also waste bottles 27.______ the river dirty. This rule tests proximity agreement(就近一致考点). Our class 28.______ a clean-up activity last Sunday. All students 29.______ gloves and bags to collect rubbish. My deskmate and I 30.______ many plastic bottles by the lake. The teacher tells us that little action 31.______ great change. We must stop 32.______ water and electricity. Neither you nor your brother 33.______ to throw rubbish everywhere. We plan 34.______ posters about environmental protection next week. I hope the world 35.______ cleaner and greener in the future. 【答案】 26.is 解析:there be 句型,rubbish(垃圾)为不可数名词,视作单数,一般现在时用 is。句意:现在公园和河流里有很多垃圾。 27.make(就近一致核心考点) 解析:固定结构 not only...but also… 遵循就近一致原则,谓语动词单复数由靠近它的主语决定。靠近动词的是复数名词 plastic bags,因此谓语用原形 make。句意:不只是塑料袋,还有废弃瓶子弄脏了河水。 28.held 解析:时间状语 last Sunday(上周日)为一般过去时;hold an activity 举办活动,hold 过去式 held。句意:上周日我们班举办了一场清扫活动。 29.took 解析:全文描述上周活动,用一般过去时;take gloves 带上手套,take 过去式 took。句意:所有同学都带上手套和袋子捡拾垃圾。 30.found 解析:一般过去时,find 发现,过去式 found。句意:我和同桌在湖边捡到很多塑料瓶。 31.brings 解析:主语 little action(微小的行动)是单数,一般现在时,动词变三单 brings。句意:老师告诉我们微小的行动能带来巨大改变。 32.wasting 解析:固定搭配 stop doing sth. 停止做某事(停止正在做的事);stop wasting water 节约用水。句意:我们必须停止浪费水电。 33.wants(补充就近一致拓展) 解析:neither…nor… 同样遵循就近一致,靠近谓语的主语是 your brother(单数),一般现在时用三单 wants。句意:你和你的弟弟都不能随地扔垃圾。 34.to draw 解析:固定短语 plan to do sth. 计划做某事,不定式作宾语。句意:我们计划下周绘制环保海报。 35.will be 解析:时间状语 in the future(在未来)为一般将来时,结构 will + 动词原形,cleaner 是形容词,前面加系动词 be。句意:我希望未来世界变得更干净、更绿意盎然。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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第61卷 就近一致-2027年山东省(春季高考)《英语考纲百套卷》(原卷版+解析版)
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第61卷 就近一致-2027年山东省(春季高考)《英语考纲百套卷》(原卷版+解析版)
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