期末语法讲练结合-2025-2026学年英语六年级下册期末专项冲刺（外研版三起）

2025-2026学年英语六年级下册期末专项冲刺（外研版三起） 期末语法讲练结合 语法考点一：一般将来时 语法考点二：现在进行时 语法考点三：can的用法 语法考点四：一般过去时 语法考点五：感叹句的用法 语法考点六：be going to 语法考点一 一般将来时 一、定义 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 二、标志词 1. tonight; soon; in the future (在未来) 2. tomorrow 系列：tomorrow morning /afternoon/evening 3. next 系列：next week /year ... 4. 一段时间 + later：five years later; three days later ... 5. in + 一段时间：in one hour; in two days ... 三、be going to 与 will 的区别 be going to 与 will 后都接动词原形，二者都可表示将要发生的事或将要去做某事，但它们有以下区别： 1. 时间远近：be going to 表示近期要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间较远一些。 例：(1) He is going to write a letter tonight. 他今晚将要写一封信。 (2) He will write a book one day. 将来有一天他会写一本书。 2. 主客观判断：be going to 表示主观判断将来要发生的事情，will 表示客观上将要发生的事情。 例：(1) He is ill. He is going to the hospital. 他生病了。他将要去医院。 (2) It will be sunny in Tianjin tomorrow. 天津明天将是晴天。 3. 计划与准备：be going to 含有 “计划，准备” 的意思，表示早已做好的打算。 例：She is going to give me her book. 她打算把她的书给我。 【经典例题】 单选题。 It will ______ in Beijing tomorrow. A．rainy B．rain C．raining 点拨 答案：B 【详解】句意：明天北京将要下雨。will后接动词原形是一般将来时，意为“将要做……”，rain是动词原形。 语法考点二 现在进行时 一、定义 现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事。 二、使用现在进行时的常见情况 1. 当句中出现 now、at the moment、these days 等现在进行时的标志词时。 例：We are making a robot these days. 这些天我们在做一个机器人。 2. 当 look、listen 用于句子的开头，提醒听者注意说话时正在发生的事情时。 例：Listen! He is singing. 听！他正在唱歌。 3. 当上下文暗示动作正在发生时。 例：It’s 6:30. I am washing my face. 现在是 6:30。我正在洗脸。 4. 当描述图片中人物的动作时。 例：Look at the picture! The children are having a picnic in the park. 看这张照片！孩子们正在公园里野餐。 三、基本句型 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + be 动词 + 动词 - ing 形式 (+ 其他). She is watching TV. 她正在看电视。 否定句 主语 + be 动词 + not + 动词 - ing 形式 (+ 其他). He isn’t watching TV. 他没有在看电视。 一般疑问句 — Be 动词 + 主语 + 动词 - ing 形式 (+ 其他)? —Yes, 主语 + be 动词. / No, 主语 + be 动词 + not. —Are you watching TV? 你正在看电视吗？ —Yes, I am. 是的，我在看电视。 特殊疑问句 —特殊疑问词 + be 动词 + 主语 + 动词 - ing 形式 (+ 其他)? —主语 + be 动词 + 动词 - ing 形式 (+ 其他). —What are you doing? 你们正在干什么？ —We are singing and dancing in the classroom. 我们正在教室里唱歌跳舞。 【经典例题】 单选题。 They ______ playing football now. A．is B．are C．am 点拨 答案：B 【详解】句意：他们/她们正在踢足球。由句意可知，句子时态是现在进行时，其结构是：be+现在分词，主语They是第三人称复数，be用are。 语法考点三 Can的用法 can 为情态动词，意为 “能，会；可以”。它没有人称和数的变化，后跟动词原形。 一、表达 “能力”（能，会）过去式为 could，常用句型如下： 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + can + 动词原形 (+ 其他). I can write emails. 我会写电子邮件。 否定句 主语 + can’t + 动词原形 (+ 其他). I can’t play chess. 我不会下国际象棋。 一般 疑问句 —Can + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? —Yes, 主语 + can. / No, 主语 + can’t. —Can you sing songs? 你会唱歌吗？ —Yes, I can. 是的，我会。 特殊 疑问句 —特殊疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? —主语 + can + 动词原形 (+ 其他). —What can you see in the picture? 你能在图画中看到什么？ —I can see some birds and two big trees. 我能看到一些鸟儿和两棵大树。 二、表达 “请求”（可以） can 和 could 均可用，但 could 语气更委婉。注意：答语一般只用 can，不用 could。 例： —Could you tell me the way to the hospital? 你能告诉我去医院的路吗？ —Sorry, I can’t. I’m new here. 不好意思，我不能。我是新来的。 【经典例题】 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 She couldn’t (see) or (hear). 点拨 答案：see hear 【详解】句意：她看不见也听不见。情态动词couldn’t后要接动词原形，第一个空填see的原形。因为or连接并列的谓语动词，前后形式要保持一致，第二个空填hear的原形。 语法考点四 一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 yesterday、last night、the day before yesterday 等连用。句型结构为：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. 例句：My father got home at 9 o'clock last night. 我爸爸昨晚九点到的家。 He was very busy last weekend. 上周末他很忙。 一般过去时的四种句型结构： 1. 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。 例句：I played the piano yesterday. 我昨天弹钢琴了。 2. 否定句：主语 + did + not + 动词原形 + 其他。 例句：I didn't play football yesterday. 我昨天没有踢足球。 3. 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：Did you go to school yesterday? 你昨天去上学了吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：What did you do last weekend? 你上周末干什么了？ 【经典例题】 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 Daming and Simon (go) to a baseball game yesterday. 点拨 答案：went 【详解】句意：大明和西蒙昨天去看了一场棒球比赛。根据yesterday可知句子是一般过去时，动词go要用过去式went。 语法考点五 感叹句的用法 · what意为“多么”,用作定语，修饰名词(被强调部分)时，可数名词单数前要加不定冠词a/an,可数名词复数或不可数名词前不用冠词。 例：What a clever girl she is!她是一个多么聪明的女孩儿呀! What an interesting story it is!它是一个多么有趣的故事呀! · 感叹句还可用how引导。how引导的感叹句有三种结构，此时how是副词，用来修饰其后的形容词或副词，也可以修饰动词。其结构为： 1. How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语! 例：How hot it is today!今天多么热呀! How fast he runs!他跑得多么快呀! 2. How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! 例：How beautiful a girl she is!她是一个多么漂亮的女孩兒啊! 3. How+主语+谓语! 例：How time flies!光阴似箭! 【经典例题】 单选题。 ______ a lot of good wishes! A．How B．What C．Whose 点拨 答案：B 【详解】句意：多么美好的祝愿啊！本题考查感叹句，根据句意可知该句是感叹句，其结构为：What +(a/an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语)！/ How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)！wishes是名词，符合What引导的感叹句，故选B。 语法考点六 be going to 肯定句：主语+be going to+动词原形+其他 Sara is going to clean the house. Sara将要打扫房子。 否定句：主语+be not going to+动词原形+其他 Sara is not going to clean the house. Sara没打算要打扫房子。 一般疑问句句：Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他 肯定回答：Yes，主语+be. 否定回答：No，主语+be not. —Is Sara going to clean the house? Sara要打算打扫房子吗？ —Yes, she is. 是的，她（要打扫房子）。 特殊疑问句： ①提问主语或主语修饰语 特殊疑问词（+名词）+be going to+动词原形+其他？ Who is going to join the party? 谁打算去参加这个聚会？ ②提问其他成分 特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他？ What are you going to do tomorrow? 你明天打算做什么？ 【经典例题】 单选题。 We’re going to ______ at seven o’clock. A．eat B．eating C．ate 点拨 答案：A 【详解】句意：我们打算七点吃饭。eat吃，动词原形，eating动词的动名词或现在分词，ate动词的过去式。be going to后接动词原形。 考点集训 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．How much ______ the noodles? A．is B．are C．am ( ) 2．The sun ______ in the sky now. A．shine B．shines C．is shining ( ) 3．—When are you going to school? —______ seven o’clock. A．In B．On C．At ( ) 4．I arrived ______ the park early ______ Saturday morning. A．at; in B．at; on C．in; at ( ) 5．—When do you get up? —I get up ______7:00. A．in B．on C．at ( ) 6．He is playing ______ piano, but the bell rings. A．\ B．a C．the ( ) 7．Tom is having ______ breakfast, but the bell rings. A．a B．an C．/ ( ) 8．The bags are too heavy. My mother can’t carry ______ all. Who can help ______? A．they; she B．them; her C．their; her ( ) 9．Lingling is ______ exercise, but it ______ too hot. A．doing; get B．does; getting C．doing; gets ( ) 10．It’s time to go to bed, ______ Tom is still watching TV. A．or B．but C．and 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．Oh dear! I can’t carry (they) all. 2．It will be (sun) in Shanghai on Monday. 3．In this photo, it’s (start) to snow. 4．She (learn) to read three years ago. 5．The sun is (shine) on the sea. 6．Look! The birds (fly) away. 7．It will (be) windy in Harbin. 8．Let’s (make) a paper boat. 9．The girl lives on the (three) floor. 10．I want (eat) a hamburger. 三、连词成句。 1．apples, the, the, down, falling, are, stairs (!) ________________________________________ 2．He, playing, phone, the, suona, but, is, rings, the (, .) ________________________________________ 3．like, it, stay, looks, we, to, are, hungry, going (.) ________________________________________ 4．me, who, help, can (?) ________________________________________ 5．stairs, the, falling, apples, are, the, down (.) ________________________________________ 6．going, eat, when, are, to (?) ________________________________________ 7．be, it, tomorrow, in, sunny, will, Beijing (?) ________________________________________ 8．starts, He’s, riding, but, bike, his, it, rain, to (.) ________________________________________ 9．space, hours, spent, he, twenty-one, about, in (.) ________________________________________ 10．heads, have, why, cups, you, your, do, on (?) ________________________________________ 四、句型转换。 1．Lingling is reading a book. (对划线部分提问) ________________________________________ 2．She is trying to get off the bus. (改为一般疑问句) ________________________________________ 3．Are you in the park? (做否定回答) ________________________________________ 4．The children make a snowman. (改为现在进行时态) ________________________________________ 5．It will snow in Beijing. (变成否定句) ________________________________________ 6．Does the dog start to bark? (作否定回答) ________________________________________ 7．His friends can hear him. (改为否定句) ________________________________________ 8．They are having a birthday party for Daming. (对画线部分提问) ________________________________________ 9．Did Simon’s mum buy Daming a book? (肯定回答) ________________________________________ 10．I can carry the box. (改为否定句) ________________________________________ 五、请填写单词的适当形式，补全邮件内容。 Dear Tingting, I am 1. (work) in the International Space Station (国际空间站) now. Tomorrow I will 2. (go) back to the earth. After three months in space, I can return to see my family and 3. (friend). I feel really excited. The life after going back to the earth won’t be easy. I should 4. (do) a lot of things. For example, there is no gravity (重力) in space, so I don’t need to use my legs and arms. And they are not as strong as before. It will be difficult for me to 5. (stand) up or walk on the earth. But these problems can’t stop me from going back. I can’t wait for my trip back to the earth. Love, Cai Xuzhe 六、完形填空。 Jean is an English girl. She lives in Beijing 1 her parents. She doesn’t know Chinese very 2 . But she 3 very hard. She often speaks 4 in class and after class. Sometimes her classmates don’t understand her 5 she can’t speak Chinese well. It’s Sunday morning. Jean wants to 6 some flowers, but she doesn’t know the 7 to the flower shop. She asks a Chinese boy for help. The boy can’t 8 her. Then she takes out a pen and a piece of paper and draws a 9 of a shop and some flowers. The boy looks at it and then 10 her the way. ( ) 1．A．and B．with C．to ( ) 2．A．good B．nice C．well ( ) 3．A．studies B．study C．studying ( ) 4．A．English B．French C．Chinese ( ) 5．A．so B．because C．and ( ) 6．A．buy B．bring C．sell ( ) 7．A．way B．road C．street ( ) 8．A．ask B．see C．understand ( ) 9．A．map B．picture C．book ( ) 10．A．gives B．tells C．makes 参考答案 一、单项选择。 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．them 2．sunny 3．starting 4．learnt/learned 5．shining 6．are flying 7．be 8．make 9．third 10．to eat 三、连词成句。 1．The apples are falling down the stairs! 2．He is playing the suona but the phone rings. 3．It looks like we are going to stay hungry.   4．Who can help me? 5．The apples are falling down the stairs. 6．When are you going to eat? 7．Will it be sunny in Beijing tomorrow? 8．He’s riding his bike but it starts to rain. 9．He spent about twenty-one hours in space. 10．Why do you have cups on your heads? 四、句型转换。 1．What is Lingling doing? 2．Is she trying to get off the bus? 3．No, I’m not. 4．The children are making a snowman. 5．It won’t snow in Beijing. 6．No, it doesn’t. 7．His friends can’t hear him. 8．What are they doing? 9．Yes, she did. 10．I can’t carry the box. 五、请填写单词的适当形式，补全邮件内容。 1．working 2．go 3．friends 4．do 5．stand 六、完形填空。 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $