期末语法讲练结合-2025-2026学年英语五年级下册期末专项冲刺（外研版三起）

**基本信息** 聚焦小学英语期末核心语法，以“定义-结构-规则-典例-点拨”体系化讲练一般过去时等四大考点，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |一般过去时|1例|助动词did后用动词原形；答语与问句时态一致|从定义（过去动作/状态）到句型结构（肯定/否定/疑问），再到动词过去式变化规则，形成完整应用链| |There be句型|1例|否定句some改any；be动词单复数依主语变化|以“存在某物/人”为核心，按“单数/复数/不可数名词”结构分类，延伸至否定、疑问及特殊疑问句| |一般将来时|1例|will后接动词原形|对比will与be going to结构，明确计划、预测场景应用，通过时态标志词强化理解| |情态动词can|1例|can后接动词原形；否定句用can't|围绕“能力/许可”功能，系统梳理肯定、否定、疑问及特殊疑问句结构，突出情态动词无人称变化特征|

2025-2026学年英语五年级下册期末专项冲刺（外研版三起） 期末语法讲练结合 语法考点一：一般过去时 语法考点二：There be句型 语法考点三：一般将来时 语法考点四：情态动词can的用法 语法考点一 一般过去时 （一）定义： 1) 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，经常与yesterday、last week/Sunday/year…、an hour ago、before等连用。 I was born in 1998. 我出生于1998年。 We visited the Temple of Heaven last summer. 去年夏天我们参观了天坛。 2) 表示在过去的一段时间里，经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。 The old man always read newspaper when he was alive. 这位老人活着的时候经常读报纸。 I collected stamps when I was a child. 我小时候喜欢集邮。 （二）一般过去时的句型结构： 肯定句： 主语+be(was/were)+其它 主语+动词过去式+其它 She was a doctor when she was young. 年轻时，她是一名医生。 I went to Wuhan last month. 我上个月去了武汉。 否定句： 主语+be(was/were)+not+其它 主语+did not(didn’t)+动词过去式+其它 She wasn’t a doctor when she was young. 年轻时，她不是一名医生。 I didn’t go to Wuhan last month. 我上个月没去过武汉。 一般疑问句： Be(Was/Were)+主语+其它 Did+主语+动词原形+其它 Was she a doctor when she was young? 她年轻时是一名医生吗？ Did you go to Wuhan last month? 上个月你去过武汉吗？ （三）动词过去式的变化规则： ①一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed work→worked play→played want→wanted ask→asked ②以不发音的-e结尾的动词，动词词尾加-d live→lived move→moved taste→tasted ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改成i,再加-ed study→studied try→tried copy→copied carry→carried ④重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped ⑤不规则变化 is/am→was are→were do→did have→had go→went meet→met come→came take→took ⑥过去式与动词原形拼写相同 let→let put→put read→read 【经典例题】 单项选择。 —What did she _______ for breakfast?    —She _______ eggs and noodles. A．had; had B．have; has C．have; had 点拨 答案：C 【详解】句意：—她早饭吃了什么？—她吃了鸡蛋和面条。助动词did后的动词用原形，have是动词原形；问句是一般过去时，答语也应是一般过去时，答语谓语动词用过去式had。 语法考点二 There be句型 （一）There be 句型的用法： 表示某个地方存在某物或某人，Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。(单数is复数are) 例句：There is a table in the room.房间里有一张桌子。 There are some birds in the tree.树上有很多鸟。 （二）There be句型结构： · There is+单数可数+地点状语 例句：There is a ruler on the desk.书桌上有一把尺。 · There are+复数主语+地点状语 例句：There are some flowers in the park.公园里有许多花。 · There is +不可数名词+地点状语(即使有some也是单数) 例句：There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。 (水是不可数名词) （三）There be句型否定句： There be 句型的否定： 否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可，is not =isn’t；are not= aren’t。 但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any. 例句：There are five apples on the tree.→There are not five apples on the tree. There is some water in the bottle. →There is not any water in the bottle. （四）There be句型的疑问句及回答： · There be句型的一般疑问句 在“There is/are…”的一般疑问句中，要把Be动词放在there之前，并将句号变问号。(难点：句中出现的some要改成any。) 肯定回答：Yes,there is/are. 否定回答：No,there isn't/aren't. · There be句型的特殊疑问句 There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： ①对主语提问： a.当主语是人时，用Who's+介词短语?; b.当主语是物时，用What's+介词短语?。 注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式，回答时却要根据实际情况来决定。 ②对地点状语提问：提问地点用Where is /are+主语? ③对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： a.How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语? b.How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语? 例句：How many people are there in the picture? How much water is there in the bottle? 【经典例题】 单项选择。 There wasn’t _______ water in the river. A．many B．any C．some 点拨 答案：B 【详解】句意：河里没有水。many修饰可数名词复数，some/any修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，water是不可数名词，句子是否定句，用any修饰。 语法考点三 一般将来时 1. 定义 一般将来时表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或状态，或将来经常发生的动作。常用于描述计划、预测、承诺等。 2. 基本结构 一般将来时有两种主要表达方式： （1）will + 动词原形（适用于所有主语） 肯定句：主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他。 例：She will go to Paris next week. 她下周将去巴黎。 否定句：主语 + will not (won't) + 动词原形 + 其他。 例：They won’t attend the meeting. 他将不参加这个会议。 一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例：Will you help me? 你能帮我吗？ （2）be going to + 动词原形 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形 + 其他。 例：He is going to buy a new car. 他将买一辆新车。 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形 + 其他。 例：We aren’t going to travel this summer. 这个夏天我们不去旅行。 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例：Are you going to study abroad? 你将去国外学习吗？ 【经典例题】 单项选择。 —What will you _______ tomorrow? —I will _______ the Tianshan Mountains. A．do; visited B．do; visit C．do; visiting 点拨 答案：B 【详解】句意：—你明天会做什么？—我会参观天山。will后跟动词原形，do和visit都是动词原形。 语法考点四 情态动词can的用法 情态动词，本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，一般与实义动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的态度，没有人称和数的变化。 （一）句型结构 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + can + 动词原形 He can swim.他会游泳。 否定句 主语 + can't + 动词原形 She can't drive.她不会开车。 一般疑问句 Can + 主语 + 动词原形? Can you help me?你能帮我吗？ 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形? What can I do?我能做什么？ （二）注意事项 · 将含有 can 的句子改为一般疑问句时，把 can 提至句首，其首字母改为大写，句点改为问号。 · 当含有 can 的一般疑问句的主语是 I 时，表示请求，希望得到对方许可。回答要包含肯定（Yes / Sure…）或否定（No / Sorry…），并根据具体情境表达。 · 将含有 can 的句子改为特殊疑问句时，首先在句首加上特殊疑问词，然后把 can 提至疑问词之后，句点改为问号。 【经典例题】 单项选择。 We can _______ our computer now. A．using B．to use C．use 点拨 答案：C 【详解】句意：我们现在可以用我们的电脑。情态动词can后跟动词原形，use是动词原形。 考点集训 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．Lucy _______ make a cake yesterday. She has no cake to eat now. A．doesn’t B．didn’t C．don’t ( ) 2．My mother _______ to work at eleven o’clock. A．go B．going C．goes ( ) 3．He _______ a teacher five years ago. A．is B．was C．were ( ) 4．This green bag _______ got two pockets. A．have B．has C．had ( ) 5．My grandma _______ TV every day. A．watch B．watches C．is watching ( ) 6．My grandma couldn’t read _______ write. A．or B．and C．of ( ) 7．My friends _______ me some books and CDs last Sunday. A．send B．sent C．sended ( ) 8．There weren’t _______ cars in the city thirty years ago. A．many B．some C．a ( ) 9．Our mum _______ new T-shirts for us last night. A．buyed B．bought C．buy ( ) 10．The English party is _______ 5:00 on the second Sunday _______ June. A．at; on B．at; in C．on; at 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．My grandma (not have) a television twenty years ago. 2．These books (be) on the shelf. 3．What did he (have) for lunch? 4．My mother (write) a letter to me last week. 5．She (not watch) TV last night. 6．Bob will (ask) you some questions. 7．She will send these books to (we). 8．These big books are English (dictionary). 9．Five years ago, his father ( teach ) English. 10．My uncle (live) in a small house ten years ago. 三、连词成句。 1．twenty, teacher, my, ago, years, father, a, was (.) __________________________________________ 2．listen, you, yesterday, to, did, radio, the (?) __________________________________________ 3．a, library, make, Let’s, home (.) __________________________________________ 4．hamburgers, Sam, four, ate (.) __________________________________________ 5．you, to, take, China, can, it (?) __________________________________________ 6．years, twenty, he, a, ago, teacher, was (.) __________________________________________ 7．there, at, I’m, tomorrow, going, o’clock, morning, seven (.) __________________________________________ 8．he, where, next, going, Saturday, is (?) __________________________________________ 9．take, for, she’s, her, to, some, friends, going, presents (.) __________________________________________ 10．Tom, these, to, places, Did, go (?) __________________________________________ 四、句型转换。 1．They will go to Shanghai tomorrow. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ they go tomorrow? 2．She watched TV yesterday. (改为否定句) She ______ ______ TV yesterday. 3．I went to the Great Wall last year. (改为一般疑问句) ______ you ______ to the Great Wall last year? 4．They went there by plane. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ they go there? 5．I am going to read a book. (对划线部分提问) ______ are you going to ______? 6．We will go to the zoo tomorrow. (改为一般疑问句) ______ you ______ to the zoo tomorrow? 7．He learnt English two years ago. (改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________ 8．Does your mother like English food? (作肯定回答) __________________________________________ 9．I can find the books on shelf C． (改为否定句) __________________________________________ 10．My sister didn’t have a hamburger yesterday. (改为肯定句) __________________________________________ 五、阅读短文，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 Grandma Wang 1. (be) very old now. She 2. (have) no child. She 3. (live) with her cat. Last Sunday the children 4. (visit) Grandma Wang. They 5. (want) to do something for her. Tom cleaned the windows. Amy 6. (wash) the clothes. Lucy 7. (make) a big cake. They worked very hard. At lunch time, they 8. (are) very tired and very hungry. They 9. (eat) the cake. Grandma Wang 10. (is) very happy. 六、完形填空。 Next month I’m going to visit my cousin 1 Shanghai. What present can I 2 ? Last year I sent him 3 interesting book. This year I want to give him a different 4 . I think I can make a kite for him. He will 5 this kite. Will you help me? ( ) 1．A．in B．to C．on ( ) 2．A．took B．taking C．take ( ) 3．A．a B．an C．/ ( ) 4．A．present B．book C．bag ( ) 5．A．loved B．love C．lovely 参考答案 一、单项选择。 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．B 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．didn’t have 2．are 3．have 4．wrote 5．didn’t watch 6．ask 7．us 8．dictionaries 9．taught 10．lived 三、连词成句。 1．My father was a teacher twenty years ago. 2．Did you listen to the radio yesterday? 3．Let’s make a home library. 4．Sam ate four hamburgers. 5．Can you take it to China? 6．He was a teacher twenty years ago. 7．I’m going there at seven o’clock tomorrow morning. 8．Where is he going next Saturday? 9．She’s going to take some presents for her friends. 10．Did Tom go to these places? 四、句型转换。 1．Where will 2．didn’t watch 3．Did go 4．How did 5．What do 6．Will go 7．Did he learn English two years ago? 8．Yes, she does. 9．I can’t find the books on shelf C. 10．My sister had a hamburger yesterday. 五、阅读短文，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．is 2．has 3．lives 4．visited 5．wanted 6．washed 7．made 8．were 9．ate 10．was 六、完形填空。 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $