期末测试之重点词汇变形专项训练100题 - 2025-2026学年译林版八年级下册英语

**基本信息** 聚焦译林版八年级下册期末重点词汇，通过四模块100题系统训练词汇变形能力，构建“拼写-语境-词形-音形”四维考查逻辑，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |中文提示|34题|根据中文写单词正确形式，考查基础词汇拼写与词性|从核心词汇拼写入手，夯实语言能力基础| |首字母提示|35题|结合首字母补全句子，考查语境中词汇运用|衔接语境理解，培养思维品质中的逻辑推断| |词形转换|20题|用括号内单词适当形式填空，考查词形变化规则|深化词形转换能力，构建词汇形态变化体系| |音标提示|10题|根据音标补全单词，考查音形对应|融合语音知识，完善词汇学习能力中的音形关联|

译林版八年级下册 U1‑U8 期末词汇变形100题 完整答案 + 详细解析 一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式（35题） 1. background 解析：educational background 固定搭配，意为“教育背景”，单数形式。 2. chemistry 解析：chemistry 名词，“化学”；in chemistry 表示“在化学这门学科上”。 3. electronic 解析：electronic 形容词，“电子的”，修饰名词pets。 4. separate 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形；separate...from... 把……和……分开。 5. volunteer 解析：volunteer work 固定短语，“义务工作；志愿工作”。 6. give out / hand out 解析：give out / hand out 均表示“分发”；主语volunteers为复数，一般现在时用动词原形。 7. influence 解析：have a great influence on sb. 固定搭配，“对某人有很大影响”。 8. properly 解析：副词修饰动词behave；properly “得体地，适当地”。 9. management 解析：better后接名词；management “管理”，不可数名词。 10. resources 解析：natural resources 固定短语，“自然资源”，常用复数。 11. necessary 解析：固定句型 It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.；necessary “必要的”。 12. disability 解析：physical 形容词后接名词；a physical disability “身体缺陷”。 13. praise 解析：high praise “高度赞扬”，praise 此处为不可数名词。 14. north-west / northwest 解析：north-west 形容词，“西北的”，修饰part。 15. operations 解析：heart operations “心脏手术”，用复数表泛指各类手术。 16. confidence 解析：enough后接名词；confidence “信心”，不可数名词。 17. wheelchair 解析：a 后接单数名词；wheelchair “轮椅”。 18. popularity 解析：the + 名词 + of...；popularity “受欢迎程度”。 19. charities 解析：many 后接可数名词复数；charity “慈善机构”，复数charities。 20. congratulations 解析：send congratulations to sb. “向某人表示祝贺”，常用复数形式。 21. excitement 解析：the + 名词；excitement “兴奋”，不可数名词。 22. Tourism 解析：tourism “旅游业”，专有名词，句首首字母大写。 23. afford 解析：can’t afford to do sth. 固定搭配，“负担不起做某事”。 24. historical 解析：historical 形容词，“历史上著名的；历史的”，修饰temple。 25. straight 解析：go straight home “径直回家”，straight 副词，表“径直地”。 26. unwilling 解析：be unwilling to do sth. “不情愿做某事”。 27. copies 解析：three 后接可数名词复数；copy “复印件”，复数copies。 28. great deal / lot 解析：a great deal of / a lot of 固定短语，“大量的”，修饰名词。 29. agreement 解析：reach an agreement “达成协议”，单数名词。 30. interview 解析：a job interview “求职面试”，单数名词。 31. benefit 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形；benefit “有益于”。 32. promises 解析：make promises “许下承诺”，常用复数。 33. Communication 解析：名词作主语；communication “交流”，句首大写。 34. donates 解析：主语he是第三人称单数，一般现在时，动词用三单donates；donate “捐赠”。 35. knowledge 解析：a lot of 后接名词；knowledge “知识”，不可数名词。 二、根据首字母提示完成句子（35题） 1. traditional 解析：traditional culture 传统文化，形容词修饰名词。 2. supermarket 解析：supermarket stores 超市，句意：很多年轻人喜欢在超市购物。 3. athletes 解析：one of + 可数名词复数；athlete “运动员”，全红婵是运动员。 4. smoothly 解析：副词修饰动词went；go smoothly “进展顺利”。 5. normally 解析：副词修饰动词drink；normally “通常，平常”。 6. refused 解析：refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事；结合语境用一般过去时refused。 7. kindness 解析：形容词性物主代词our后接名词；kindness “善意，善良”。 8. provides 解析：provide sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物；主语organization为单数，一般现在时用provides。 9. billion 解析：one billion 十亿，billion前有具体数字不加s。 10. fiction 解析：science fiction 科幻小说，固定搭配。 11. suffer 解析：suffer from 遭受（痛苦、疾病等）；主语为复数，用动词原形。 12. important 解析：It is + adj. + to do sth.；important “重要的”。 13. selfless 解析：selfless “无私的”，句意：他很无私，经常帮助别人。 14. explain 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形；explain “解释”。 15. unwilling 解析：be unwilling to do sth. 不愿做某事。 16. summary 解析：write a summary 写摘要/梗概。 17. volunteers 解析：谓语help为原形，主语用复数；volunteer “志愿者”。 18. shoulder(s) 解析：hurt one’s shoulder(s) 伤到肩膀，单复数均可。 19. purpose 解析：the final purpose 最终目的。 20. educational 解析：educational opportunities 教育机会，形容词修饰名词。 21. country 解析：country music 乡村音乐，固定搭配。 22. opinion 解析：in my opinion 在我看来，固定短语。 23. enough 解析：enough time 足够的时间。 24. interrupt 解析：don’t后接动词原形；interrupt “打断（别人讲话）”。 25. achieve 解析：achieve one’s goals 实现目标；不定式to后接原形。 26. embarrassed 解析：embarrassed “尴尬的”，形容人的感受。 27. pollution 解析：light pollution 光污染，不可数名词。 28. development 解析：with the development of... 随着……的发展，固定搭配。 29. hopeful 解析：feel + adj.；hopeful “满怀希望的”。 30. control 解析：learn to do sth.；control feelings 控制情绪。 31. separate 解析：祈使句用动词原形；separate A from B 分离。 32. silver 解析：silver medal 银牌；gold medal 金牌。 33. admire 解析：admire the views 欣赏美景；情态动词can后用原形。 34. stomach 解析：hurt one’s stomach 伤到肚子。 35. coast 解析：near the coast 在海边。 三、用括号内单词的正确形式填空（20题） 1. completely 解析：副词completely修饰形容词free。 2. successfully 解析：副词修饰动词finish；success 名词→successfully 副词“成功地”。 3. organizing 解析：介词by后接动名词；by doing sth. 通过做某事。 4. publishing 解析：publishing house 出版社，固定名词短语。 5. homeless 解析：make sb. + adj.；homeless “无家可归的”。 6. creativity 解析：形容词strong后接名词；creative 形容词→creativity 名词“创造力”。 7. will translate 解析：根据语境“如果你听不懂，我会帮你翻译”，用一般将来时。 8. behaving 解析：get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事。 9. introduction 解析：the + 名词；introduce 动词→introduction 名词“介绍，引入”。 10. Historical 解析：形容词修饰名词buildings；historical “历史的”，句首大写。 11. have realized 解析：in recent years 近几年，现在完成时标志，结构：have/has + 过去分词。 12. has raised 解析：so far 到目前为止，现在完成时；主语project为单数，用has raised。 13. requiring 解析：现在分词作后置定语，修饰job，表主动含义。 14. elderly 解析：the elderly people 老年人，固定表达。 15. are suffering 解析：now 现在，现在进行时；主语为复数，be动词用are。 16. amazing 解析：修饰事物story用-ing形容词amazing“令人惊奇的”。 17. shook 解析：前半句was为一般过去时，时态保持一致，shake过去式shook。 18. belongs 解析：主语this book是三单，一般现在时，belong用三单belongs；belong to 属于。 19. peacefully 解析：副词修饰动词living；peace 名词→peacefully 副词“和平地”。 20. isn’t allowed 解析：被动语态be not allowed（不被允许）；主语it为单数，一般现在时。 四、根据音标提示补全句子（10题） 1. island /ˈaɪlənd/ 岛 2. doubt /daʊt/ 怀疑；There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…… 3. period /ˈpɪəriəd/ 时期，阶段 4. guard /ɡɑːd/ 守卫；guard team 护卫队 5. article /ˈɑːtɪk(ə)l/ 文章 6. disease /dɪˈziːz/ 疾病 7. Recently /ˈriːsntli/ 最近（句首大写） 8. common /ˈkɒmən/ 普通的 9. message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ 信息；take a message 捎口信 10. technology /tekˈnɒlədʒɪ/ 技术；computer technology 计算机技术 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版（2024）新教材八年级下册英语Unit 1 - Unit 8 期末测试之重点词汇变形专项训练100题 （含解析） 一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式。 1．He has a strong educational ________ (背景) in computer science. 2．He gets more interested in ________ (化学) as he grows up. 3．According to reports from the 2025 World Smart Industry Expo, a wide range of AI devices including ________ (电子的) pets are making their way into everyday households. 4．We can ________ (分开) them from other rubbish. 5．So far, we have raised 3,000 dollars for the homeless children through ________ (义务性的) work. 6．Volunteers usually ________ ________ (分发) leaflets to ask people to help others. 7．His teacher’s words have a great ________ (影响) on him. He decides to study harder. 8．You should behave ________ (得体地) in Western countries. 9．The zoo needed better ________ (管理) rather than more money. 10．We depend on natural ________ (资源) to live, so we should make good use of them. 11．It is ________ (必要的) for us to respect the elderly. 12．He has a physical ________(缺陷), but he never gives up his dream. 13．What high ________ (称赞，赞美) the famous teacher won from both her students and the students’ parents! 14．The village is located in the ________ (西北的) part of the mountain area. 15．The hospital is famous for its successful heart ________ (手术). 16．She has enough ________ (信心) to speak in front of the whole school. 17．The injured player moved around in a ________ (轮椅). 18．The __________ (受欢迎程度) of this new app has risen sharply since its launch last month. 19．Many international __________ (慈善机构) work together to provide food and shelter for refugees. 20．It is polite to send warm ________ (祝贺) to your friends when they achieve success. 21．The ________ (兴奋)of seeing wild lions on a safari in Africa is hard to describe. 22．________ (旅游业) has become one of the main industries in this city. 23．Many children can’t ________ (负担得起) to go to school. 24．We visited a ________ (历史上著名的) temple that was built over 1,000 years ago. 25．After school, I went ________ (径直地) home because I was very hungry. 26．Tom felt ________ (不情愿的) to get up early on Sunday morning, but he had to go to a football match. 27．Could you make three ________ (复印件) of this document for the meeting? 28．Travelling can bring us a ________ (大量的) of memories and wonderful feelings. 29．We finally reached an ________ (协议) with them. 30．She is preparing for a job ______ (面试) in a famous medical company tomorrow. 31．Regular exercise can greatly ______ (有益于) your physical and mental health. 32．Many students have made ________ (承诺) to improve their dining manners and they have. 33．________ (交流) can help us understand each other better. 34．He always ________ (捐赠) the things that he doesn’t use anymore to the homeless. 35． With the development of the Internet, we can get a lot of ________ (知识) online easily. 2、 根据首字母提示完成句子。 1．We should know more t________ culture of China. 2．Many young people like shopping in s________ stores now. 3．Quan Hongchan is one of the most popular a________ in China. 4．The charity activity went so s________ that all the organizers felt proud of what they had done. 5．I n________ drink a cup of coffee in the morning to wake myself up. 6．My sister has r________ to watch the scary movie with us as she is afraid of ghosts. 7．Volunteering is a good way to show our k________ to others. 8．The organization p________ free food and clothes to the homeless. 9．About one b________ people in the world have different kinds of eye problems. 10．I like reading science f________ books. They are very interesting. 11．Many people in poor areas s________ from hunger and cold every winter. 12．It is i________ to give up spare time to help at the event. 13．He is a s________ man and often helps others. 14．Can you e________ why you are late again? 15．He is u________ to go out because he is tired. 16．I want to write a s________ of this book. 17．The v________ often help the poor children in the countryside. 18．He fell down and hurt his s________ yesterday. 19．The final p________ of the app is to train students’ speaking and listening skills. 20．We need to provide more e________ opportunities for children in poor areas. 21．My grandpa enjoys listening to c________ music every evening. 22．In my o_________, you don’t have to get up so early. 23．We don’t have e________ time to finish the task. We should start now. 24．Don’t i________ others when they are talking. It’s rude. 25．The athletes’ courage to a________ their goals has greatly influenced Liu Ming. 26．He felt very e________ when he accidentally called his teacher “Mum”. 27．Too much light p________ at night is harmful to our sleep and wildlife. 28．With the d________ of our country, people live a happy life. 29．After failing the exam many times, he still felt h________ about his future. 30．We should learn to c________ our feelings properly in public. 31．Please s________ the glass from the plastic before recycling them. 32．He won the s________ medal in the high jump at the sports meeting. 33．You can a________ the beautiful views from the top of the mountain. 34．The little boy fell over and hurt his s________. 35．I stayed near the c________, so I saw the ocean every day. 三、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1．Our school offers students a _________ (complete) free chance to read this novel. 2．You will ________ (success) finish all your tasks if you keep working hard. 3．We can help the children by ________ (organize) a donation. 4．This book is published by a famous ________ (publish) house. 5．The floods have made hundreds of people ________ (home). We must help them. 6．Strong ________ (creative) is the key that makes AI grow from a simple tool to a helpful partner. 7．If you don’t understand what she said, don’t worry. I ________ (translate) for you. 8．The naughty boys get used to ________ (behave) properly in public after weeks of training. 9．The ________ (introduce) of the new policy has led to a heated debate. 10．—________ (history) buildings all over the world are valuable treasures for us. —I agree with you. Actions should be taken to prevent fires from destroying these old buildings. 11．In recent years, a growing number of Americans ________ (realize) that Chinese learning is a must. 12．So far, our project ________ (raise) enough money to buy new books for disabled children. 13．A job ________ (require) different and special skills is usually well-paid. 14．We can do something to help the ________ (elder) people in the neighborhood. 15．Over one billion people ________ (suffer) from eye problems now. 16．The ________ (amaze) story made all of us excited. 17．It was very cold outside, so he ________ (shake) his hands to warm them up. 18．This book ________ to my sister, so you can’t take it away without her permission. (belong) 19．People around the world love living ________ (peace) and hate wars. 20．Don’t touch the artwork if it ________ (not allow). 四、根据音标提示补全句子。 1．There are many plants and birds on the small ________ (/ˈaɪlənd/). 2．There is no ________ (/daʊt/) he will tell you all about his vacation. 3．This is a happy ________ (/ˈpɪəriəd/) in my life. 4．The four-legged robot dog has joined the ________ /ɡɑːd/ team to help deal with tasks and tell people to be careful of tricks. 5．I found a useful ________ /ˈɑːtɪk(ə)l/ about English learning in the magazine. 6．Doctors still don’t understand much about the ________ [dɪ’ziːz]. 7．________ /ri: sntli/ lots of teenage girls have fallen in love with “goods”. 8．The cake looks ________ /ˈkɒmən/, but tastes good. 9．Mr Green isn’t in his office. Can you take a ________ /’mesɪdʒ/ for him? 10．I’d like to borrow a book on computer _________ [tekˈnɒlədʒɪ]. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $