期末语法讲练结合-2025-2026学年英语五年级下册期末专项冲刺（译林版三起）

**基本信息** 聚焦五年级下册核心语法，以“定义-结构-易错-应用”为逻辑链，通过规则总结、口诀记忆及典例点拨，系统构建语法专项突破体系，提升语言运用能力与思维逻辑性。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |一般现在时|1例|三单判断规则+动词变化口诀|从句型结构（肯/否/疑）到三单易错点突破| |疑问词how|1例|用法分类（方式/健康/天气/数量）|情境化问答匹配，强化语境理解| |情态动词should|1例|“should+动词原形”固定搭配|建议表达句式及否定应用| |现在进行时|1例|现在分词构成规则（直加/去e/双写）|标志词（Look!）引导时态判断| |时间介词on/in/at|1例|“at短in长on具体”记忆口诀|时间维度（时刻/时段/日期）分类应用| |序数词|1例|基数词转序数词口诀+缩写规则|顺序表达（定冠词the使用）及日期应用|

2025-2026学年英语五年级下册期末专项冲刺（译林版三起） 期末语法讲练结合 语法考点一：一般现在时 语法考点二：疑问词how的用法 语法考点三：情态动词should的用法 语法考点四：现在进行时 语法考点五：时间介词on/in/at 语法考点六：序数词的用法 语法考点一 一般现在时 （一）定义：一般现在时通常表示经常发生的动作或存在。 （二）句型结构： 肯定句： 主语+be(am, is, are)+其它 主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其它 主语（第三人称单数）+动词三单形式+其它 I am a student. I go to school by car. She gets up early every morning. 否定句： 主语+be(am, is, are)+not+其它 主语（非第三人称单数）+don’t+动词原形+其它 主语（第三人称单数）+doesn’t+动词原形+其它 I am not a student. I don’t go to school by car. She doesn’t get up early every morning. 一般疑问句： Be(Am, Is, Are)+主语+其它 Do+主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其它 Does+主语（第三人称单数）+动词原形+其它 Are you a student? Do you go to school by car? Does she get up early every morning? 易错点提示 首先，我们先学习什么是第三人称单数？ 第三人称单数就是指 “不是‘我’（I）、不是‘你’（you）、不是复数（they）的人、动物或事物”。 类别 示例 他（he） my father, Tom, the boy 她（she） my mother, Amy, the girl 它（it） a dog, the book, milk, Beijing 可视作单数的人名、地名、称呼等 Mike, China, Miss White 动词第三人称单数的变化有哪些规则呢？ ①一般在动词的词尾加s like→likes look→looks ②以ch、sh、s、x及辅音字母加o结尾，词尾加es teach→teaches wash→washes guess→guesses mix→mixes do→does ③以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i，再加es study→studies fly→flies cry→cries ④不规则变化特殊记 have→has be→is,are 易错点2：I 用 am，you 用 are，he/she/it/ 单数名词用 is，we/they/ 复数名词用 are。 ❌ She are a student. ✅She is a student. 【经典例题】 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 The girl (put) on her new clothes to visit her grandparents. 点拨 答案：puts 【详解】句意：这个女孩穿上她的新衣服看望她的祖父母。句子可用一般现在时，主语The girl是单数，后面的动词用第三人称单数形式，put的第三人称单数是puts。 语法考点二 疑问词 how 的用法 (1)(表方式，方法)怎样,怎么。例如: How does your father go to work? 你父亲怎么去上班? (2)(指健康等情况)怎么样。例如: How is Miss Li? 李小姐怎么样/身体好吗? (3)(询问天气)怎么样。例如: How is the weather in Nanjing? 南京的天气怎么样? (4)(指数量，程度)多少，后接其他形容词或副词，构成疑问词组。例如： How many birds can you see? 你能看到多少只鸟? How much water would you like? 你想要多少水? How far is it from here?它离这儿有多远? 【经典例题】 单项选择。 —______ do you usually come to school? —By metro. But today, I come to school by bus. A．What B．How C．When 点拨 答案：B 【详解】句意：—你经常______去上学？—坐地铁。但是今天，我坐公交车去上学。根据答语By metro提示可知，应询问去上学的出行方式，用How“怎么样”提问，What什么，When什么时候。 语法考点三 情态动词should的用法 should表示“应该”，没有人称和数的变化，后跟动词原形。 (1)用来提出建议和忠告，后面接动词原形。 例如：She should wear more clothes. 她应该多穿点衣服。 (2)否定形式should not= shouldn't. 例如：You shouldn't eat too much meat.你不应该吃太多肉。 (3)"What should... do?"表示“······应该做什么？”。该句型用于询问某人应该做什么事情。 【经典例题】 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 —What should Tina (do)? —She should (put) on her warm sweater. 点拨 答案：do put 【详解】句意：—蒂娜应该做什么？—她应该穿上她的暖和毛衣。本题考查动词的形式。情态动词should后接动词原形，故答案为do；put。 语法考点四 现在进行时 （一）定义 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或当前一段时间内持续的活动，也可以表示近期计划好的未来安排。 （二）结构 结构 例句 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + V-ing I am working. 我正在工作。 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + V-ing We are not (aren't) watching TV. 我们没在看电视。 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + V-ing Are you listening to me? 你在听我说话吗？ （三）动词现在分词（V-ing）的构成规则 规则 动词原形 现在分词 一般直接加 -ing work working 以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 -ing write writing 以“辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音加 -ing run running 以 ie 结尾的动词，变 ie 为 y 再加 -ing lie lying 【经典例题】 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 Look！My parents (make) a fruit salad together. 点拨 答案：are making 【详解】句意：看！我的父母正在一起做水果沙拉。本题考查现在进行时的用法。句子以Look!开头，提示动作正在发生，需用现在进行时，结构为be动词+动词现在分词。主语My parents为复数，be动词用are，动词make的现在分词为making。故答案为are making。 语法考点五 时间介词on/in/at 用 法 at：用于很短的、具体的时间前。 ①具体时刻：at four thirty 在4:30 ②节日：at Christmas 在圣诞节 ③年龄：at the age of eleven 11岁 ④一天中的某段时间：at night 在夜里 at noon在中午 ⑤三餐：at breakfast在早餐时 at lunch在午餐时 in：用于较长的时间前。 ①月份：in June 在六月 ②季节：in summer 在夏天 ③年份：in 2008 在2008年 ④一天中某段时间： in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 on：用于具体的某一时间。 ①某一天的某时段：on Sunday afternoon ②具体到某一天：on June 23rd 在6月23日 on Monday 在周一 ③周末：on weekends 在周末 ④节日：on New Year’s Day在元旦那天 记忆口诀： at最短，点钟前。in天in月in季年。on在具体某一天。 【经典例题】 选词填空。 We usually look at the moon (on / at / in) the Mid-Autumn Festival. 点拨 答案：at 【详解】句意：我们通常在中秋节赏月。本题考查介词固定搭配，at the Mid-Autumn Festival在中秋节，故答案为at。 语法考点六 序数词的用法 (1) 数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序“第几”，使用序数词时一般前面加定冠词the，英文日期中需要使用序数词。 例如：the first boy第一个男孩；on the eighth of May在五月八日。 注：当序数词位于形容词性物主代词后面时，前面不加the. 例如：my first English teacher我的第一位英语老师。 (2) 基数词转换为序数词的规律口诀： 记忆口诀： 一二三特殊记；th要从四加起； 八去t，九去e；ve要用f替； ty要换tie;遇见几十几，只变个位就可以。 (3) 序数词的缩写形式：数字+其序数词的最后两个字母。 例如：first—1st, second—2nd,third—3rd, fourth—4th, sixth—6th, twentieth—20th, twenty-third—23rd。 其中 1st、2nd、3rd为特殊形式。 【经典例题】 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 I live on (three) floor in the building. 点拨 答案：the third 【详解】句意：我住在大楼的______层。本题考查序数词和定冠词。根据句意表示住在三楼，第三third，且序数词前加定冠词the。故答案为the third。 考点集训 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．These mushrooms ______ bad for us. A．are B．is C．does ( ) 2．My mother ______ go now. She’s late for work. A．has B．have to C．has to ( ) 3．—How do you get ______ home every day?     —______ foot. A．to; On B．/; On C．/; By ( ) 4．She can’t find the supermarket. She ______ a policeman ______ help. A．ask; for B．asks; of C．asks; for ( ) 5．—Why ______ you come to school today?     —Because I’ve got a bad cold. A．are B．can C．can’t ( ) 6．I live ______ Sunshine Town. A．on B．in C．/ ( ) 7．—What’s Peter doing? —He’s ______ his mum ______ the dishes. A．helping; wash B．helping; washes C．help; washes ( ) 8．There ______ any orange juice in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some. A．is B．aren’t C．isn’t ( ) 9．What do people do ______ Father’s Day? A．on B．in C．at ( ) 10．There are ______ numbers in the password. The ______ one is ______. A．five; fifth; five B．fifth; five; five C．five; fifth; fifth 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．—Today is my (twenty) birthday. Welcome to my house! —I’m happy (see) you. 2．Look! The children (play) games happily.​ 3．Is there (some) juice for me? 4．There (be) dragon boat races at the festival. 5．Let’s (climb) the mountain together. 6．—What’s your grandpa doing now? —He (listen) to the radio. 7．Liu Tao wants some (potato) soup. 8．—Do you like (jump)? —Yes, I do. 9．My aunt lives in Beijing and she goes to many (city). 10．How (do) your sister go home? 三、选词填空。 1．I like (vegetable / vegetables) very much. 2．There isn’t (any soup / some soup) on the table. 3．There are four (potato / potatoes) in the fridge. 4．Sam (catches / catch) a ladybird from the grapes. 5．Sam wants (see / to see) a new film. 四、从方框中选择合适的疑问词填空 (有一项多余)。 What   Whose   What’s   Where   How   Why 1．— wrong with him?   —He has a cold. 2．— shoe do the girls try on?   —Cinderella’s. 3．— are you from?   —I’m from the UK. 4．— is the weather in spring?   —It’s warm. 5．— does Mike take off his coat?   —Because he is too hot. 五、找出相匹配的句子，将其序号写在括号内。 A．It’s twelve. B．Before twelve. C．Yang Ling and Su Hai’s. D．Yes, he is. E．Yes, he can. He’s a bus driver. ( ) 1．When does Cinderella have to come back? ( ) 2．Whose bags are these? ( ) 3．Is he a bus driver? ( ) 4．What’s the time now? ( ) 5．Can he drive a bus? 六、按要求写句子。 1．Mike has some nice shoes. (改为否定句) Mike ___________ ___________ any nice shoes. 2．Wang Bing comes to school on foot every morning. (对划线部分提问) ___________ does Wang Bing __________ to school every morning? 3．He likes playing basketball after school. (改为一般疑问) ___________ he __________ playing basketball after school? 4．They have a good time today. (用He替换They改写句子) ____________ ___________ a good time today. 5．are, today, so, why, tired, you (?) (连词成句) __________________________ 七、用所给词的适当形式填空。 It’s the 66 (twelve) of November. It’s a 1 (sun) day. Mike is very happy, because today is his birthday. Mike’s family are all very busy at home. Mike’s mum 2 (cook) some 3 (tomato) soup in the kitchen now. Tim is young, but he wants 4 (help) 5 (she). Mike’s father is looking for some 6 (meat) in the fridge. Helen 7 (make) a birthday cake for Mike, but there 8 (be) any eggs. She goes to the supermarket and 9 (buy) some eggs. What about Mike? Haha! He 10 (sit) on a chair and reading a book! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 八、完形填空。 My family 1 on Park Street. In the morning, my father goes to work and all the children go to school. My father 2 us to school every day. My mother is 3 home. She 4 the housework. She always 5 lunch at noon and sees her friends 6 the afternoon. In the evening, all the children come home 7 school. We always get home 8 . But my father comes home very late. 9 dinner, my two brothers and 10 do our homework. We go to bed at ten. My father and mother usually read newspapers. On Saturday, we watch TV or play computer games. ( ) 1．A．live B．to live C．living ( ) 2．A．take B．to take C．takes ( ) 3．A．at B．in C．on ( ) 4．A．do B．does C．to do ( ) 5．A．have B．is having C．has ( ) 6．A．on B．in C．at ( ) 7．A．for B．from C．of ( ) 8．A．late B．early C．high ( ) 9．A．At B．In C．After ( ) 10．A．I B．me C．we 参考答案 一、单项选择。 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．A 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．twentieth；to see 2．are playing 3．any 4．are 5．climb 6．is listening 7．potato 8．jumping/to jump 9．cities 10．does 三、选词填空。 1．vegetables 2．any soup 3．potatoes 4．catches 5．to see 四、从方框中选择合适的疑问词填空 (有一项多余)。 1．What’s 2．Whose 3．Where 4．How 5．Why 五、找出相匹配的句子，将其序号写在括号内。 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．E 六、按要求写句子。 1．doesn’t；have 2．How；come 3．Does；like 4．He；has 5．Why are you so tired today? 七、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．sunny 2．is cooking 3．tomato 4．to help 5．her 6．meat 7．is making 8．aren’t/are not 9．buys 10．is sitting 八、完形填空。 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $