专题01 Units 1~3(期末复习讲义)八年级英语下学期新教材北师大版

2026-06-10
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语北师大版八年级下册
年级 八年级
章节 Unit 1 Lifestyles,Unit 2 Helping Hands,Unit 3 Making Choices
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-期末
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
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地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2026-06-10
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品牌系列 上好课·考点大串讲
审核时间 2026-06-10
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专题01 Units1-3(期末复习讲义) 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向,锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点: 1.零类、一类条件句结构,熟练运用 if、unless、whether 引导条件状语从句。 2.so...that / such...that 结果状语从句的句型结构与用法区别。 3.区分实义动词 need to 与情态动词 need 的用法差异。 复习难点: 1.宾语从句的引导词、语序、时态三大核心考点。 2.直接引语变间接引语的时态、人称、时间地点变化规则。 考情规律 词汇运用:侧重动词词性、固定短语在具体语境中的辨析填空,高频考查易混语法词汇搭配。句型转换/句子翻译:常考查条件句、结果状语从句、宾语从句、间接引语的句型转换与中英互译。 语法填空/完形填空:侧重动词词性、从句引导词、时态变形、固定句型的综合考查。书面表达:常结合各类从句、固定句型进行句式升级,丰富文章表达。 知识点1 零类、一类条件句结构,熟练运用 if、unless、whether 引导条件状语从句 (一)零类条件句(客观真理、常识、自然规律) 结构:主句 + 从句 都用一般现在时 含义:表示永远成立的情况 If you heat water, it boils.如果你给水加热,水就会沸腾。 (二)一类条件句(真实条件、将来可能发生) 结构:if 从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时(will + 动词原形)口诀:主将从现 含义:假设现在条件成立,未来会出现对应结果 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。 (三)if /unless/whether 用法区分 1. 单词含义 & 基础用法 if:如果(引导条件);是否(引导宾语从句) unless = if...not 除非、如果不(否定条件) whether:是否(只表选择 / 疑问,不表条件) if / unless / whether 核心用法辨析 三个词汇是条件从句高频考点,核心差异集中在含义、句式功能、适用场景,具体辨析如下: 词汇 核心含义 语法功能 经典例句+中文翻译 if 1. 如果(表正向条件)2. 是否(表疑问选择) 可引导条件状语从句、宾语从句 If you keep practicing, you will make progress.如果你坚持练习,就会取得进步。 unless 除非、如果不(= if...not 否定条件) 仅可引导条件状语从句,无其他用法 Unless you study hard, you won't pass the exam.除非你努力学习,否则你无法通过考试。 whether 是否(仅表疑问、选择,无条件含义) 仅可引导宾语从句,不引导条件从句 I wonder whether she will attend the party.我想知道她是否会参加派对。 If it ______ sunny tomorrow, we ______ hiking in the mountains. A. is; will go B. will be; go C. is; go 句意:如果明天天气晴朗,我们就去山里徒步。 解析:本题考查一类条件句主将从现核心用法。if引导条件状语从句,遵循从句表条件用一般现在时、主句表将来结果用一般将来时的规则。根据"If it... tomorrow, we..."可知,从句描述假设条件,需用一般现在时is;主句描述未来将要发生的动作,需用一般将来时will go。故选A。 You can't get good grades ______ you stick to daily review. A. if B. unless C. whether 句意:除非你坚持日常复习,否则你无法取得好成绩。 解析:本题考查unless的用法辨析,unless意为“除非、如果不”,等同于if...not,表否定条件。根据"You can't get good grades... you stick to daily review"句意可知,句子表达“不坚持复习就无法取得好成绩”的反向条件逻辑,if表正向条件、whether表疑问均不符合语境。故选B。 No one knows ______ the new student will join our sports team. A. unless B. whether C. when 句意:没有人知道这位新同学是否会加入我们的运动队。 解析:本题考查宾语从句连接词辨析,whether意为“是否”,用于表达不确定的疑问。根据"No one knows..."可知,句子表达对未知事情的疑问,需要表“是否”的连接词;unless表条件、when表时间,均不符合本句疑问语境。故选B。 知识点2 so...that / such...that 结果状语从句的句型结构与用法区别。 两者均引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”,表示前面动作/特征带来的最终结果。 核心区别:so 修饰形容词/副词;such 修饰名词短语。 1. so...that 四种常用结构 ① so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句 The movie is so moving that many people cry.这部电影如此感人,以至于很多人都哭了。 ② so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词 + that 从句 It is so interesting a book that I read it twice.这是一本如此有趣的书,以至于我读了两遍。 ③ so many/much/few/little + 名词 + that 从句(数量词固定用so) He has so much work that he can't rest.他有如此多的工作,以至于无法休息。 2. such...that 三种常用结构 ① such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that 从句 It is such an interesting book that I read it twice.这是一本如此有趣的书,以至于我读了两遍。 ② such + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + that 从句 They are such lovely kids that we all like them.他们是如此可爱的孩子,以至于我们都很喜欢他们。 ③ such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that 从句 It is such bad weather that we can't go out.天气如此糟糕,以至于我们不能出门。 so...that / such...that 用法辨析表格 句型 核心用法 关键考点 经典例句+中文翻译 so...that 修饰形容词、副词; 数量词只能用so so adj./adv.; so many/much/few/little He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him. 他跑得如此快,以至于没人能追上他。 such...that 修饰名词/名词短语 中心词是名词就用such She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her. 她是如此善良的女孩,以至于所有人都喜欢她。 It is ______ useful dictionary ______ I want to buy one more. A. so; that B. such; that C. such a; that 句意:这是一本如此有用的字典,以至于我想再买一本。 解析:本题考查such...that句型用法。such修饰名词短语,so修饰形容词副词。本句中心词为可数名词dictionary,属于“such+a/an+形容词+单数名词”结构,需要搭配such a,so无法直接修饰名词短语,such缺少冠词句式不完整。故选C。 知识点3 区分实义动词 need to 与情态动词 need 的用法差异。 两者均表示“需要、有必要”,用于表达做某事的必要性。 核心区别:实义动词need 有人称、时态、单复数变化,后接to do/名词;情态动词need 无人称、数的变化,仅用于否定句和疑问句,后接动词原形。 1. 实义动词 need(有人称变化,可用于所有句式) ① 肯定句:主语 + need(s) + to do sth. / 名词 You need to rest after long work.长时间工作后,你需要休息。 ② 否定句:主语 + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t + need + to do sth. / 名词 He doesn’t need to go there today.他今天不需要去那里。 ③ 疑问句:Do/Does/Did + 主语 + need + to do sth. / 名词? Do you need to finish the task at once?你需要立刻完成这项任务吗? 2. 情态动词 need(无人称变化,仅限否定、疑问) ① 否定句:主语 + needn’t + 动词原形 You needn’t worry about me.你不必为我担心。 ② 疑问句:Need + 主语 + 动词原形? Need I hand in my homework now?我现在需要交作业吗? 重点禁忌:情态动词need不用于肯定句,肯定句必须用实义动词need to do。 My sister ______ practice the piano every evening. A. need to B. needs to C. needs 句意:我的妹妹每天晚上都需要练习钢琴。 解析:本题考查实义动词need的用法。本句为肯定句,只能用实义动词need。主语my sister为第三人称单数,谓语动词需用三单形式needs,后接to do不定式。A选项无三单变化,C选项缺少不定式符号to。故选B。 知识点4 宾语从句的引导词、语序、时态三大核心考点。 宾语从句就是用一个句子充当宾语,放在动词、介词、部分形容词之后。 三大必考核心:引导词、陈述语序、对应时态(做题必查三步:先看引导词→再看语序→最后看时态)。 1. 引导词用法(三类分类) ① that:引导陈述句,无词义,不翻译,口语中可省略 I think (that) you are right.我认为你是对的。 ② if / whether:引导一般疑问句,意为“是否”,不可省略 I don’t know if/whether he will come.我不知道他是否会来。 ③ 特殊疑问词(what/where/when/who/why等):引导特殊疑问句,保留原有词义,不可省略 Could you tell me where the bank is?你能告诉我银行在哪里吗? 2. 语序规则(必考重难点) 唯一规则:宾语从句必须用陈述语序(引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他),绝对不能用疑问语序。 I want to know what he likes.我想知道他喜欢什么。 错误句式:I want to know what does he like.(疑问语序,直接排除) 3. 时态匹配规则(主看从变) ① 主句现在时(一般现在/现在完成):从句根据实际情况,任意时态 I know he studies hard. 我知道他学习努力。 ② 主句过去时(一般过去):从句必须用过去类时态(一般过去/过去进行/过去完成/过去将来) knew he studied hard. 我当时知道他学习努力。 ③ 客观真理特例:无论主句什么时态,从句真理永远一般现在时 The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。 Could you please tell me ______? A. where is the library B. where the library is C. where was the library 句意:你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗? 解析:本题考查宾语从句的语序规则。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序(引导词+主语+谓语)。A、C选项均为疑问语序,句式结构错误;B选项为正确陈述语序,符合宾语从句语法规则。故选B。 知识点5 直接引语变间接引语的时态、人称、时间地点变化规则。 直接引语是直接引用别人的原话,带引号;间接引语是转述别人的话,不带引号,本质就是把直接引语改成宾语从句。三大必考核心:时态倒退、人称转换、时间地点词汇替换(做题三步:一改时态、二改人称、三改标志词)。 1. 时态变化规则(核心:主句过去,从句倒退) 前提:主句谓语为过去式,间接引语时态必须向后倒退一格;主句为现在时,时态不变。 ① 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 直接:He said, “I am busy.”间接:He said (that) he was busy.他说他很忙。 ② 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 直接:She said, “I will go shopping.”间接:She said (that) she would go shopping.她说她要去购物。 ③ 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 直接:They said, “We are playing basketball.”间接:They said (that) they were playing basketball. 他们说他们正在打篮球。 特例:转述内容为客观真理、客观事实,时态永远不变。 2. 人称变化规则(口诀:一随主,二随宾,三不变) ① 一随主:直接引语第一人称(I/we),随主句主语变化 He said, “I like music.” → He said he liked music.他说他喜欢音乐。 ② 二随宾:直接引语第二人称(you),随主句宾语变化 She asked me, “You are right.” → She said I was right.她说我是对的。 ③ 三不变:直接引语第三人称(he/she/it/they),永远不变 3. 时间、地点、指示词变化规则 this → that ;these → those ;here → there ;now → then today → that day ;tomorrow → the next day ;yesterday → the day before He said, “I will come here tomorrow.”间接:He said he would go there the next day. 他说他第二天会去那里。 She asked me if ______ finished my homework. A. I have B. I had C. you had 句意:她问我是否已经完成了我的作业。 详细解析:本题考查间接引语人称和时态双重考点。根据“二随宾”规则,主句宾语为me,原句第二人称you需改为I;主句为过去式asked,从句时态倒退,现在完成时变为过去完成时。A选项时态错误,C选项人称未转换。故选B。 基础通关练(测试时间:10分钟) 1.If the price ________ down, we ________ more goods. A.goes; buy B.goes; will buy C.will go; buy D.will go; will buy 【答案】B 【详解】句意:如果价格下降,我们将购买更多的商品。 if引导的真实条件句遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。从句主语the price是第三人称单数,谓语动词用goes;主句表示将来发生的动作,用will buy。 2.________ you ________ us if we start a collecting activity? A.Do; join B.Will; join C.Are; join D.Did; join 【答案】B 【详解】句意:如果我们开展收集活动,你会加入我们吗? Do助动词(一般现在时);Will助动词(一般将来时);Are系动词后不能接动词原形;Did助动词(一般过去时)。if引导条件状语从句遵循 “主将从现”,从句为一般现在时open,主句要用一般将来时:will + 动词原形,join为动词原形,选B。 3.If it ________ fine this weekend, we will go to the bank to open an account. A.is B.will be C.was D.are 【答案】A 【详解】句意:如果这个周末天气晴朗,我们就去银行开户。 句子为if 引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,主句为一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时;主语为“it”,be动词用is。 4.We will fall behind ________ we keep learning every day. A.if B.unless C.when D.because 【答案】B 【详解】句意:除非我们每天坚持学习,否则会落后。 if如果;unless除非;when当……时;because因为。分析句子结构可知,后句为前句的否定条件,即如果我们每天坚持学习,我们就不会落后,应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。 5.— Should I bring my own chopsticks when I eat at a Chinese friend’s home? — You don’t need to, ________ you feel more comfortable using your own. A.so that B.until C.unless D.as soon as 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——当我在中国朋友家吃饭时,我应该自带筷子吗?——你不需要,除非你觉得用自己的更舒服。 so that以便;until直到……为止;unless除非;as soon as 一……就……。根据“You don’t need to”可知通常不需要自带筷子,后半句补充了一个例外条件,unless意为“除非”,引导条件状语从句,符合语境逻辑。 6.You won’t truly understand the characters ________ you read between the lines. A.if B.unless C.because D.so 【答案】B 【详解】句意:除非你读懂字里行间的意思,否则你不会真正理解这些人物角色。 if如果;unless除非,如果不;because因为;so所以。前后句为条件关系,表示“除非……否则不……”,用unless引导条件状语从句。 7.________ you are a football fan or not, a trip to Anfield Stadium is a visit to remember. A.Weather B.Whether C.Although D.Because 【答案】B 【详解】句意:无论你是不是足球迷,一次安菲尔德球场之旅都是值得铭记的。 Weather天气;Whether是否;Although虽然;Because因为。根据“... you are a football fan or not,”可知,此处是固定结构Whether ... or not,表达“无论是否”的含义。 8.—What do you think of the natural wonders? —They are ________ beautiful that I can’t believe my eyes. A.quite B.too C.so D.very 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你觉得自然奇观怎么样?——它们是如此美丽以至于我不敢相信我的眼睛。 quite相当;too太;so如此;very非常。根据“They are ________ beautiful that I can’t believe my eyes.”可知,此处固定搭配为so...that...,意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。 9.The lake is ________ deep that few people dare to swim in it. A.so B.such C.too D.very 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这个湖如此之深以至于很少有人敢在里面游泳。 so如此;such如此;too太;very非常。根据“The lake is... deep that...”可知,此处修饰形容词deep,且后接that引导的结果状语从句,应使用固定结构“so+形容词/副词+that...”,意为“如此……以至于……”。such 后常接名词。应填so。 10.Teresa is ________ nervous ________ she can’t talk in front of the class. A.such, that B.too, to C.so, that D.enough, to 【答案】C 【详解】句意:特蕾莎如此紧张,以至于她不能在全班面前讲话。 such...that如此……以至于;so...that如此……以至于;too...to太……而不能;enough...to足够……可以。第一空格后“nervous是形容词,应该用so修饰,such修饰名词;第二空格后是从句,应该用that引导从句。 11.It is ________ a beautiful painting ________ everyone likes it. A.so; that B.such; that C.too; to D.very; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这是一幅如此美丽的画,以至于每个人都喜欢它。 考查结果状语从句。so...that...如此……以至于……,so后接形容词或副词;such...that...如此……以至于……,such后接名词;too...to...太……而不能……;very...that...不是固定搭配。本句中“a beautiful painting”是名词短语,应用such...that...结构。故选B。 12.—Must I give back the magazine today? —No, you ________. You can ________ it for another month. A.needn’t; borrow B.mustn’t; keep C.needn’t; keep D.mustn’t; borrow 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——我必须今天归还杂志吗?——不,你不必。你可以再保留一个月。 needn’t不必;mustn’t禁止;borrow借入 (瞬间动词,不能与时间段连用);keep保留 (延续性动词,可与时间段连用)。第一空,对“Must”的否定回答用“needn’t”;第二空,“for another month”是时间段,应用延续性动词“keep”。应填“needn’t; keep”。 13.—Must we hand in our exercise books today? —No, you ________. A.needn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——我们必须今天交练习本吗?——不,你们不必。 needn’t不必;can’t不能;mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该。根据“Must we...”可知,此处是以Must开头的一般疑问句,其否定回答应用needn’t,表示“不必(交练习本)”,而mustn’t表示“禁止”,语气过重。 重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟) 1.--- I must be off at once. I’m late. --- You ______ to the school because today is Sunday.. A.needn’t to go B.don’t need go C.don’t need going D.needn’t go 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析:句意:我必须马上离开。我晚了。------你不用去学校,因为今天是星期日。need 1.动词,"需要",一般与to连用,need to do ...;其否定为主+don‘t/doesn't+need +to do;2.情态动词,后跟动词原形;通常用于否定句,疑问句,条件句。当need为情态动词时,意思是“必要”,否定为"needn't",后面大多接表示动作的动词原形;3.主+need +doing ="sth+need" +to be done。结合句意和语境可知选D。 考点:考查情态动词。 2.—I want to know if your pen friend ________ tomorrow. —If she ________ tomorrow, we’ll give her a big surprise. A.will come; will come B.will come; come C.will come; comes D.comes; will come 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——我想知道你的笔友明天是否会来。——如果她明天来,我们将给她一个大惊喜。 考查动词时态及if引导的从句。上文是if引导的宾语从句,适合“主现从不限”原则,根据“tomorrow”可知,时态是一般将来时,结构为will do。下文是if引导的条件状语从句,适合“主将从现”原则,从句应为一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用其单三形式。故选C。 3.—Can you tell me________ the job? —I’m not sure. Maybe just now. A.when they will finish B.when they finished C.When will they finish D.when did they finish 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你能告诉我他们什么时候完成工作的吗?——我不知道。也许刚才。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序,CD两项都是疑问句语序,可排除。根据回答“Maybe just now也许刚才”,可知问的是发生在过去的动作,从句需用过去时;will finish是一般将来时结构,故选B。 4.Hawking wondered _______. A.that AI would replace human beings and take over the world. B.whether Al will replace human beings and take over the world. C.if Al would replace human beings and take over the world or not D.whether Al would replace human beings and take over the world. 【答案】D 【详解】句意:霍金想知道AI是否会取代人类,接管世界。 根据句意理解及句子结构可知,这里考查宾语从句,首先根据动词wonder想知道可知,应该是一个问题,应该用if或whether引导,而英语中宾语从句要注意语序,一定要用陈述句语序,即主谓结构,而主句的谓语是过去时,所以从句必须用过去的某种时态,综合之后,本题选择D。 5.George Washington is the first president in America. Do you know____________? A.when was he born B.where he was born C.what did he do D.what he was doing 【答案】B 【详解】句意:乔治·华盛顿是美国第一位总统。你知道他出生在哪里吗? 考查宾语从句,宾语从句的从句部分用陈述语序,排除AC。D. what he was doing他正在干什么。意思不合适,故选B。 6.—If Jack ________ tomorrow, I will bring him to the new museum. —But I am not sure if he ________ tomorrow. A.comes; comes B.comes; will come C.will come; will come D.will come; comes 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——如果明天杰克来,我会带他去新博物馆。——但是我不确定明天他是否会来。 考查if的用法。分析第一处,if翻译为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,需满足“主将从现”原则,此处应使用一般现在时;分析第二处,此处是宾语从句,if翻译为“是否”,根据句子时间状语“tomorrow”可知,此处应使用一般将来时。故选B。 7.— Do you know if it    tomorrow? — I am not sure. It may snow if the temperature below zero. A.snows; will drop B.will snow; will drop C.will snow; drops D.snows; drops 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析:句意:——你知道明天是否下雪吗?——我不确定。如果温度降到零度以下,可能下雪。根据第一句中的时间状语tomorrow可知,用一般将来时;第二空是if引导的条件状语从句,用一般现在时表将来。故选C。 8.I sleep with the window open________ it’s really cold. A.unless B.till C.or D.so 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我开着窗户睡觉除非天气真的很冷。 考查连词辨析。unless除非,如果不;till直到……时候;or或者,否则;so因此,所以。根据句意可知,with the window open应在天气不冷的情况下,故这里应表示“如果天气不冷”,unless相当于if…not,符合语境。故选A。 9.They were________ busy________ the project________the time. A.too; discussing; to forget B.so; discussing; that they forgot C.too; to discuss; to forget D.so; to discuss; that they forget 【答案】B 【详解】句意:他们忙着讨论这个项目以至于忘记了时间。 考查连词和固定短语搭配。too太;discussing讨论,现在分词或者动名词形式;to forget忘记,动词不定式结构;so如此;that they forgot以至于他们忘记;to discuss讨论,动词不定式结构;根据句意理解可知,先根据busy可以判断,这里是考查固定短语be busy doing sth,所以这里应该用doing形式,所以排除C/ D选项;而too … to表达的是“太……而不能”,是一个否定词,所以这里不符合题意,所以这里应该用so … that,表示“如此……以至于”,引导的是结果状语从句,故选B。 10.This is ______ that all of us feel excited. A.such useful information B.so useful an information C.so useful information D.such a useful information 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这是非常有用的信息,我们都感到兴奋。 考查such … that和so … that辨析。首先名词information是不可数名词,所以不能用不定冠词修饰,B、D选项可排除。such适用“such +形容词+不可数名词+ that”结构,so适用“so+ much(多) / little(少) +不可数名词+ that”结构,故选A。 综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟) 1.—I want to know if your pen friend ________ tomorrow. —If she ________ tomorrow, we’ll give her a big surprise. A.will come; will come B.will come; come C.will come; comes D.comes; will come 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——我想知道你的笔友明天是否会来。——如果她明天来,我们将给她一个大惊喜。 考查动词时态及if引导的从句。上文是if引导的宾语从句,适合“主现从不限”原则,根据“tomorrow”可知,时态是一般将来时,结构为will do。下文是if引导的条件状语从句,适合“主将从现”原则,从句应为一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用其单三形式。故选C。 2.—Can you tell me________ the job? —I’m not sure. Maybe just now. A.when they will finish B.when they finished C.When will they finish D.when did they finish 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你能告诉我他们什么时候完成工作的吗?——我不知道。也许刚才。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序,CD两项都是疑问句语序,可排除。根据回答“Maybe just now也许刚才”,可知问的是发生在过去的动作,从句需用过去时;will finish是一般将来时结构,故选B。 3.My cousin had just graduated from college then. He didn’t know ______. A.how can he attract a would-be boss’s attention B.what he should do to attract a would-be boss’s attention C.whether he will get the offer from his would-be boss D.that he could get the offer from his would-be boss or not 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我表弟那时刚大学毕业。他不知道该怎么做才能引起一个准老板的注意。 根据句意理解可知,这里是宾语从句,首先根据从句中要用陈述句语序可以排除A答案,而主句是过去时,从句应该用过去的某种时态,所以排除C答案,而根据主句的意思,我不知道,不知道应该后面接疑问句,所以排除D答案,所以本题选择B答案。 【点睛】宾语从句的题目要注意语序和时态,首先要用陈述句语序,即引导词后面接主谓形式,然后还要注意时态,如果主句是现在时,从句时态不受限制,如果主句是过去时,从句时态必须用过去的某种时态,本题就可以根据这两点来判断并得出答案。 4.Could you tell us __? A.when will John start his project B.when did John start his project C.when John will start his project D.when John would start his project 【答案】C 【详解】句意:你能告诉我们约翰什么时候开始他的计划吗? 考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序,AB两项都是疑问句语序,可排除。could并不是过去式而是表示客气的请求,可排除D项。根据句意结构和语境,可知从句用一般将来时,故选C。 5.—If Jack ________ tomorrow, I will bring him to the new museum. —But I am not sure if he ________ tomorrow. A.comes; comes B.comes; will come C.will come; will come D.will come; comes 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——如果明天杰克来,我会带他去新博物馆。——但是我不确定明天他是否会来。 考查if的用法。分析第一处,if翻译为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,需满足“主将从现”原则,此处应使用一般现在时;分析第二处,此处是宾语从句,if翻译为“是否”,根据句子时间状语“tomorrow”可知,此处应使用一般将来时。故选B。 1 / 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units1-3(期末复习讲义) 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向,锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点: 1.零类、一类条件句结构,熟练运用 if、unless、whether 引导条件状语从句。 2.so...that / such...that 结果状语从句的句型结构与用法区别。 3.区分实义动词 need to 与情态动词 need 的用法差异。 复习难点: 1.宾语从句的引导词、语序、时态三大核心考点。 2.直接引语变间接引语的时态、人称、时间地点变化规则。 考情规律 词汇运用:侧重动词词性、固定短语在具体语境中的辨析填空,高频考查易混语法词汇搭配。句型转换/句子翻译:常考查条件句、结果状语从句、宾语从句、间接引语的句型转换与中英互译。 语法填空/完形填空:侧重动词词性、从句引导词、时态变形、固定句型的综合考查。书面表达:常结合各类从句、固定句型进行句式升级,丰富文章表达。 知识点1 零类、一类条件句结构,熟练运用 if、unless、whether 引导条件状语从句 (一)零类条件句(客观真理、常识、自然规律) 结构:主句 + 从句 都用一般现在时 含义:表示永远成立的情况 If you heat water, it boils.如果你给水加热,水就会沸腾。 (二)一类条件句(真实条件、将来可能发生) 结构:if 从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时(will + 动词原形)口诀:主将从现 含义:假设现在条件成立,未来会出现对应结果 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。 (三)if /unless/whether 用法区分 1. 单词含义 & 基础用法 if:如果(引导条件);是否(引导宾语从句) unless = if...not 除非、如果不(否定条件) whether:是否(只表选择 / 疑问,不表条件) if / unless / whether 核心用法辨析 三个词汇是条件从句高频考点,核心差异集中在含义、句式功能、适用场景,具体辨析如下: 词汇 核心含义 语法功能 经典例句+中文翻译 if 1. 如果(表正向条件)2. 是否(表疑问选择) 可引导条件状语从句、宾语从句 If you keep practicing, you will make progress.如果你坚持练习,就会取得进步。 unless 除非、如果不(= if...not 否定条件) 仅可引导条件状语从句,无其他用法 Unless you study hard, you won't pass the exam.除非你努力学习,否则你无法通过考试。 whether 是否(仅表疑问、选择,无条件含义) 仅可引导宾语从句,不引导条件从句 I wonder whether she will attend the party.我想知道她是否会参加派对。 If it ______ sunny tomorrow, we ______ hiking in the mountains. A. is; will go B. will be; go C. is; go You can't get good grades ______ you stick to daily review. A. if B. unless C. whether No one knows ______ the new student will join our sports team. A. unless B. whether C. when 知识点2 so...that / such...that 结果状语从句的句型结构与用法区别。 两者均引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”,表示前面动作/特征带来的最终结果。 核心区别:so 修饰形容词/副词;such 修饰名词短语。 1. so...that 四种常用结构 ① so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句 The movie is so moving that many people cry.这部电影如此感人,以至于很多人都哭了。 ② so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词 + that 从句 It is so interesting a book that I read it twice.这是一本如此有趣的书,以至于我读了两遍。 ③ so many/much/few/little + 名词 + that 从句(数量词固定用so) He has so much work that he can't rest.他有如此多的工作,以至于无法休息。 2. such...that 三种常用结构 ① such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that 从句 It is such an interesting book that I read it twice.这是一本如此有趣的书,以至于我读了两遍。 ② such + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + that 从句 They are such lovely kids that we all like them.他们是如此可爱的孩子,以至于我们都很喜欢他们。 ③ such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that 从句 It is such bad weather that we can't go out.天气如此糟糕,以至于我们不能出门。 so...that / such...that 用法辨析表格 句型 核心用法 关键考点 经典例句+中文翻译 so...that 修饰形容词、副词; 数量词只能用so so adj./adv.; so many/much/few/little He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him. 他跑得如此快,以至于没人能追上他。 such...that 修饰名词/名词短语 中心词是名词就用such She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her. 她是如此善良的女孩,以至于所有人都喜欢她。 It is ______ useful dictionary ______ I want to buy one more. A. so; that B. such; that C. such a; that 知识点3 区分实义动词 need to 与情态动词 need 的用法差异。 两者均表示“需要、有必要”,用于表达做某事的必要性。 核心区别:实义动词need 有人称、时态、单复数变化,后接to do/名词;情态动词need 无人称、数的变化,仅用于否定句和疑问句,后接动词原形。 1. 实义动词 need(有人称变化,可用于所有句式) ① 肯定句:主语 + need(s) + to do sth. / 名词 You need to rest after long work.长时间工作后,你需要休息。 ② 否定句:主语 + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t + need + to do sth. / 名词 He doesn’t need to go there today.他今天不需要去那里。 ③ 疑问句:Do/Does/Did + 主语 + need + to do sth. / 名词? Do you need to finish the task at once?你需要立刻完成这项任务吗? 2. 情态动词 need(无人称变化,仅限否定、疑问) ① 否定句:主语 + needn’t + 动词原形 You needn’t worry about me.你不必为我担心。 ② 疑问句:Need + 主语 + 动词原形? Need I hand in my homework now?我现在需要交作业吗? 重点禁忌:情态动词need不用于肯定句,肯定句必须用实义动词need to do。 My sister ______ practice the piano every evening. A. need to B. needs to C. needs 知识点4 宾语从句的引导词、语序、时态三大核心考点。 宾语从句就是用一个句子充当宾语,放在动词、介词、部分形容词之后。 三大必考核心:引导词、陈述语序、对应时态(做题必查三步:先看引导词→再看语序→最后看时态)。 1. 引导词用法(三类分类) ① that:引导陈述句,无词义,不翻译,口语中可省略 I think (that) you are right.我认为你是对的。 ② if / whether:引导一般疑问句,意为“是否”,不可省略 I don’t know if/whether he will come.我不知道他是否会来。 ③ 特殊疑问词(what/where/when/who/why等):引导特殊疑问句,保留原有词义,不可省略 Could you tell me where the bank is?你能告诉我银行在哪里吗? 2. 语序规则(必考重难点) 唯一规则:宾语从句必须用陈述语序(引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他),绝对不能用疑问语序。 I want to know what he likes.我想知道他喜欢什么。 错误句式:I want to know what does he like.(疑问语序,直接排除) 3. 时态匹配规则(主看从变) ① 主句现在时(一般现在/现在完成):从句根据实际情况,任意时态 I know he studies hard. 我知道他学习努力。 ② 主句过去时(一般过去):从句必须用过去类时态(一般过去/过去进行/过去完成/过去将来) knew he studied hard. 我当时知道他学习努力。 ③ 客观真理特例:无论主句什么时态,从句真理永远一般现在时 The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。 Could you please tell me ______? A. where is the library B. where the library is C. where was the library 知识点5 直接引语变间接引语的时态、人称、时间地点变化规则。 直接引语是直接引用别人的原话,带引号;间接引语是转述别人的话,不带引号,本质就是把直接引语改成宾语从句。三大必考核心:时态倒退、人称转换、时间地点词汇替换(做题三步:一改时态、二改人称、三改标志词)。 1. 时态变化规则(核心:主句过去,从句倒退) 前提:主句谓语为过去式,间接引语时态必须向后倒退一格;主句为现在时,时态不变。 ① 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 直接:He said, “I am busy.”间接:He said (that) he was busy.他说他很忙。 ② 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 直接:She said, “I will go shopping.”间接:She said (that) she would go shopping.她说她要去购物。 ③ 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 直接:They said, “We are playing basketball.”间接:They said (that) they were playing basketball. 他们说他们正在打篮球。 特例:转述内容为客观真理、客观事实,时态永远不变。 2. 人称变化规则(口诀:一随主,二随宾,三不变) ① 一随主:直接引语第一人称(I/we),随主句主语变化 He said, “I like music.” → He said he liked music.他说他喜欢音乐。 ② 二随宾:直接引语第二人称(you),随主句宾语变化 She asked me, “You are right.” → She said I was right.她说我是对的。 ③ 三不变:直接引语第三人称(he/she/it/they),永远不变 3. 时间、地点、指示词变化规则 this → that ;these → those ;here → there ;now → then today → that day ;tomorrow → the next day ;yesterday → the day before He said, “I will come here tomorrow.”间接:He said he would go there the next day. 他说他第二天会去那里。 She asked me if ______ finished my homework. A. I have B. I had C. you had 基础通关练(测试时间:10分钟) 1.If the price ________ down, we ________ more goods. A.goes; buy B.goes; will buy C.will go; buy D.will go; will buy 2.________ you ________ us if we start a collecting activity? A.Do; join B.Will; join C.Are; join D.Did; join 3.If it ________ fine this weekend, we will go to the bank to open an account. A.is B.will be C.was D.are 4.We will fall behind ________ we keep learning every day. A.if B.unless C.when D.because 5.— Should I bring my own chopsticks when I eat at a Chinese friend’s home? — You don’t need to, ________ you feel more comfortable using your own. A.so that B.until C.unless D.as soon as 6.You won’t truly understand the characters ________ you read between the lines. A.if B.unless C.because D.so 7.________ you are a football fan or not, a trip to Anfield Stadium is a visit to remember. A.Weather B.Whether C.Although D.Because 8.—What do you think of the natural wonders? —They are ________ beautiful that I can’t believe my eyes. A.quite B.too C.so D.very 9.The lake is ________ deep that few people dare to swim in it. A.so B.such C.too D.very 10.Teresa is ________ nervous ________ she can’t talk in front of the class. A.such, that B.too, to C.so, that D.enough, to 11.It is ________ a beautiful painting ________ everyone likes it. A.so; that B.such; that C.too; to D.very; that 12.—Must I give back the magazine today? —No, you ________. You can ________ it for another month. A.needn’t; borrow B.mustn’t; keep C.needn’t; keep D.mustn’t; borrow 13.—Must we hand in our exercise books today? —No, you ________. A.needn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t 重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟) 1.--- I must be off at once. I’m late. --- You ______ to the school because today is Sunday.. A.needn’t to go B.don’t need go C.don’t need going D.needn’t go 2.—I want to know if your pen friend ________ tomorrow. —If she ________ tomorrow, we’ll give her a big surprise. A.will come; will come B.will come; come C.will come; comes D.comes; will come 3.—Can you tell me________ the job? —I’m not sure. Maybe just now. A.when they will finish B.when they finished C.When will they finish D.when did they finish 4.Hawking wondered _______. A.that AI would replace human beings and take over the world. B.whether Al will replace human beings and take over the world. C.if Al would replace human beings and take over the world or not D.whether Al would replace human beings and take over the world. 5.George Washington is the first president in America. Do you know____________? A.when was he born B.where he was born C.what did he do D.what he was doing 6.—If Jack ________ tomorrow, I will bring him to the new museum. —But I am not sure if he ________ tomorrow. A.comes; comes B.comes; will come C.will come; will come D.will come; comes 7.— Do you know if it    tomorrow? — I am not sure. It may snow if the temperature below zero. A.snows; will drop B.will snow; will drop C.will snow; drops D.snows; drops 8.I sleep with the window open________ it’s really cold. A.unless B.till C.or D.so 9.They were________ busy________ the project________the time. A.too; discussing; to forget B.so; discussing; that they forgot C.too; to discuss; to forget D.so; to discuss; that they forget 10.This is ______ that all of us feel excited. A.such useful information B.so useful an information C.so useful information D.such a useful information 综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟) 1.—I want to know if your pen friend ________ tomorrow. —If she ________ tomorrow, we’ll give her a big surprise. A.will come; will come B.will come; come C.will come; comes D.comes; will come 2.—Can you tell me________ the job? —I’m not sure. Maybe just now. A.when they will finish B.when they finished C.When will they finish D.when did they finish 3.My cousin had just graduated from college then. He didn’t know ______. A.how can he attract a would-be boss’s attention B.what he should do to attract a would-be boss’s attention C.whether he will get the offer from his would-be boss D.that he could get the offer from his would-be boss or not 4.Could you tell us __? A.when will John start his project B.when did John start his project C.when John will start his project D.when John would start his project 5.—If Jack ________ tomorrow, I will bring him to the new museum. —But I am not sure if he ________ tomorrow. A.comes; comes B.comes; will come C.will come; will come D.will come; comes 1 / 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题01 Units 1~3(期末复习讲义)八年级英语下学期新教材北师大版
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专题01 Units 1~3(期末复习讲义)八年级英语下学期新教材北师大版
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专题01 Units 1~3(期末复习讲义)八年级英语下学期新教材北师大版
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