2026年初中英语现在完成时精讲精练课件

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦现在完成时核心考点，严格对接中考说明要求，系统梳理构成（have/has+过去分词）、句式（肯定/否定/疑问）、have been to与have gone to辨析、延续性动词转换等高频考查内容，结合汉英例句与精选练习题，归纳单选、句型转换等常考题型，体现中考备考的针对性和实用性。 课件亮点在于“讲练结合+考点突破”模式，如通过“buy→have”“join→be in”等延续性动词转换实例，详细示范解题逻辑，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。配套练习题直击中考易错点，帮助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此开展专题复习，提升学生中考冲刺效率和复习教学质量。

初中英语现在完成时精讲精练 内容大致概要： 1.汉英结合体会现在完成时 2.现在完成时的构成及句式讲解 3.have been to及have gone to 4.现在完成时的用法讲解 5.延续性动词和非延续性动词转化及 举例。 6.精选练习题 现在完成时 完成 例句： 我已经做完了我的家庭作业。 我已经决定去帮助她。 她已经到家了。 戴尔已经给了我一些建议。 I have finished my homework. I have decided to help her. She has got home. gets Dale has given me some advice. 现在完成时的构成： have/has+动词过去分词 have/has是助动词 has用于第三人称单数 have用于第三人称单数以外的所有人称。 什么是过去分词？去哪里找？ 规则的动词，过去分词和过去式相同。 work→worked 不规则的动词的过去分词 见课本137→141 如何书写句子 主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他 他已经回家了。 主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他 主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他 He has gone home. 他已经找到了一本书。 He has found a book. 他已经偷了我的书。 He has stolen my book. 现在完成时的疑问句： have/has+动词过去分词 have/has是助动词 当陈述句中含有助动词时，把助动词提至句首，就变成一般疑问句。 They have finished their homework.(变成一般疑问句) have Have they finished their homework? He has found a book.（变一般疑问句） Has he found a book？ He has gone to Beijing.(改为一般疑问句) Has he gone to Beijing？ 现在完成时的否定句： have/has+动词过去分词 have/has是助动词 含有助动词have和has的陈述句，在助动词后加not就把陈述句变成了否定句。 have not→haven’t has not→hasn’t They have finished their homework.(变成否定句) have They haven’t finished their homework. He has found a book.（变成否定句） He hasn’t found a book. He has gone to Beijing.(改为否定句) He hasn’t gone to Beijing. hasn’t gone already Has gone already yet yet already“已经”，用于肯定句中，经常放在助动词have/has后面；肯定句变疑问句时将already改为yet，并且放在句子末尾，此时，yet意为“已经”；将含有already的陈述句变否定句时，把already变成yet，yet放在句末，构成not…yet“还没……”。 1. I have already cleaned the room. 否定：________________________ 疑问：________________________ 2. She has already visited the museum. 否定：________________________ 疑问：________________________ 3. They have already eaten dinner. 否定：________________________ 疑问：________________________ 4. Tom has already seen this film. 否定：________________________ 疑问：________________________ I haven’t cleaned the room yet. Have you cleaned the room yet? She hasn’t visited the museum yet. Has she visited the museum yet? They haven’t eaten dinner yet. Have they eaten dinner yet? Tom hasn’t seen this film yet. Has Tom seen this film yet? have/has been to+地点名词 曾经去过某地 have/has gone to+地点名词 已经去了某地 A: Where is Tom? B: He ______ ______ ______ Beijing. He won’t come back until next Monday. A: Really? I ______ never ______ ______ Beijing. I want to visit it one day. 练习 汤姆去哪里了？ 他直到下周一才回来。 他去北京了 has gone to 真的吗？ 我想有一天去参观那里 我从没去过北京。 have been to A: Your sister isn’t at home. Where has she gone? B: She ______ ______ ______ the library A: I ______ ______ ______ that library twice. It’s very quiet. A: Would you like to go to Sanya with us? B: Sorry, I can’t. My parents ______ ______ ______ Sanya for a trip. A: I ______ ______ ______ Sanya three times. It’s a nice city. have/has been to+地点名词 曾经去过某地 have/has gone to+地点名词 已经去了某地 has gone to have been to have gone to have been to A: Is Mr. Li in the office（办公室）? B: No, he ______ ______ ______ Shanghai on business(出差). A: I ______ ______ ______ Shanghai, so I can’t help you with local information. have/has been to+地点名词 曾经去过某地 have/has gone to+地点名词 已经去了某地 has gone to haven’t been to 现在完成时的用法（一）： 1.已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 ---我已经完成家庭作业了。我现在能看电视吗？ ---是的，可以。 --- I ______ _________ my homework. Can I watch TV? --- Yes, you can. have finished ---谁把等关了！我还在找我的东西。 ---没人关。停电了。 ---Who _____ ________ ______the lights! I’m still looking for my things. ---Nobody did. There’s a power cut. has turned off .现在完成时的用法（二） 表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，如“for+时间段”“since时间点”。时间点可以是具体的时间、一般过去时的句子，也可以是“一段时间+ago”。 所用的时间状语具体解析及相关例句如下： 一、for + 时间段 1. I have lived here for five years.我在这儿住五年了。 2. She has kept this book for two weeks. 这本书她借了两周。 3. They have studied English for six months. 他们学英语六个月了。 现在完成时的用法 表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，如"for+时间段”“since时间点”,时间点可以是具体的时间、一般过去时的句子，也可以是“一段时间+ago”。 二、since + 具体时间点（年月日/钟点） 1. We have known each other since 2020. 从2020年起我们就相识。 2. He has worked in the shop since last Monday. 从上周一他就在这家店上班。 3. My mum has had this watch since May 2019. 妈妈自从2019年五月就买了这块表。 现在完成时的用法 表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，如"for+时间段”“since时间点”,时间点可以是具体的时间、一般过去时的句子，也可以是“一段时间+ago”。 三、since + 一般过去时句子（从句用过去式） 1. I have stayed at home since it rained. 下雨之后我就一直待在家里。 2. He has been ill since he came back. 他回来之后就生病了。 3. We have been friends since we met. 自打相遇，我们便是朋友。 现在完成时的用法 表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，如"for+时间段”“since时间点”,时间点可以是具体的时间、一般过去时的句子，也可以是“一段时间+ago”。 四、since + 一段时间+ago = for+对应时长 1. She has lived here since three years ago. 她居住在这里三年了。 =She has lived here for three years. 现在完成时的用法 表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，如"for+时间段”“since时间点”,时间点可以是具体的时间、一般过去时的句子，也可以是“一段时间+ago”。 四、since + 一段时间+ago = for+对应时长 2. Tom has kept the bike since a month ago. 汤姆借这辆自行车一个月了。 =Tom has kept the bike for a month. 现在完成时的用法 表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，如"for+时间段”“since时间点”,时间点可以是具体的时间、一般过去时的句子，也可以是“一段时间+ago”。 四、since + 一段时间+ago = for+对应时长 3. I have learned chess since two weeks ago. 两周前起我开始学下棋。 =I have learned chess for two weeks. 我学下棋两周了。 对for与since引导的时间状语提问 要用how long。 He has been in the team for two years. 他在这个团队里已经两年了。 _______ __________has he been in the team? 他在这个团队里多久了? How long 2.句中谓语动词的特点 与表示延续的时间状语连用的谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的短语。 （1）这本书我已经买了3年了。 I've bought the book for three years.(x) I've had the book for three years.(√) （2）你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army?(x) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?(√) 3.延续性动词与非延续性动词 （1）含义：延续性动词表示能够持续的动 作，强调经过、经历，可以与表示延续的时间状语连用。非延续性动词表示不能持续的动作，强调行为的结果，不能与表示延续的时间状语连用。但在否定结构中，可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历） He has finished the work. 他已完成了那项工作。（表结果） I haven't bought new clothes since last year.我从去年起就没买新衣服了。（“未购买”的状态可延续） （2）用法 ①常见的延续性动词有:learn, work, stand, know, walk, keep, wait, watch, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示延续的时间状语连用，如“for + 时间段”“since + 时间点”。 He has worked here for 10 years.他在这里工作10年了。 = He has worked here since 10 years ago. 他自从10年前就在这里工作了。 ②常见的非延续性动词有:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如two years ago,at 5 o‘clock等。 He died 5 years ago.他5年前去世了。 持续多长时间 自从时间点以来 (3)非延续性动词（短语）与延续性动词或表示状态的动词短语之间的转换 ①非延续性动词（短语）转换为相应的延续性动词（短语）。 become—be borrow—keep buy—have put on—wear get to know—know catch a cold—have a cold I borrowed the book 5 days ago. = I have kept the book since 5 days ago.我借了这本书5天了。 ②非延续性动词（短语）转换为“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等”。 begin/start—be on go out—be out die—be dead open—be open finish—be over fall ill—be ill get up—be up leave—be away(from) fall asleep—be asleep join—be in/be a member of make friends—be friends come/go—be+相应的介词短语 come to+地点→be in+地点 go to+地点→be in+地点 He came to Beijing 3 years ago =He has been in Beijing for three years The old man died 4 years ago.= The old man has been dead for 4 years.那位老人去世4年了。 一、第一组：瞬间动词→延续实义动词 具体运用举例 1. become — be（变成→成为…状态） He became a doctor 2 years ago. = He has been a doctor for 2 years. 译：他两年前当了医生 = 他已经做医生两年了。 2. borrow — keep（借入→保管） I borrowed the pen a week ago. = I have kept the pen for a week. 译：我一周前借了这支笔 = 这支笔我已经借了一周。 3. buy — have（买下→拥有） She bought the bike last month. = She has had the bike for a month. 译：她上个月买的自行车 = 这辆车她已经拥有一个月。 4. put on — wear（穿上→穿着） He put on the coat three hours ago. = He has worn the coat for three hours. 译：他三小时前穿上外套 = 外套他已经穿了三小时。 5. get to know — know（结识→认识） We got to know each other in 2020. = We have known each other since 2020. 译：我们2020年相识 = 我们从2020年起就认识了。 6. catch a cold — have a cold（患上感冒→感冒生病） He caught a cold five days ago. = He has had a cold for five days. 译：他五天前着凉感冒 = 他已经感冒五天了。   二、第二组：瞬间动词→be+形/副/介（必考） 1. begin/start — be on（开始→在放映/进行） The movie started at 7:00. = The movie has been on for two hours. 译：电影七点开播 = 电影已经放映两小时。 2. go out — be out（出门→在外） He went out an hour ago. = He has been out for an hour. 译：他一小时前出门 = 他已经外出一小时。 3. die — be dead（死亡→去世的状态） marry→be married His grandpa died in 2021. = His grandpa has been dead since 2021. 译：爷爷2021年过世 = 爷爷离世从2021年到现在。 4. open — be open（打开→开着的） The shop opened three days ago. = The shop has been open for three days. 译：店铺三天前开业 = 店铺已经营业三天。 5. finish — be over（结束→完结） The class finished ten minutes ago. = The class has been over for ten minutes. 译：课十分钟前结束 = 下课已经十分钟。 6. fall ill — be ill（病倒→生病） She fell ill last week. = She has been ill for a week. 译：她上周生病 = 她生病一周了。 7. get up — be up（起床→起床状态） He got up at 6 a.m. two hours ago. = He has been up for two hours. 译：他六点起的床 = 他起床两小时了。 8. leave — be away (from)（离开→不在某地） They left Beijing 3 days ago. = They have been away from Beijing for 3 days. 译：他们三天前离开北京 = 离开北京已有三天。 9. fall asleep — be asleep（入睡→睡着） The baby fell asleep at nine. = The baby has been asleep for three hours. 译：宝宝九点睡着 = 宝宝睡了三小时。 10. join — be in / be a member of（加入→在组织里） He joined the army in 2022. = He has been in the army since 2022. 译：他2022年参军 = 入伍至今。 11. make friends — be friends（交朋友→是朋友） We made friends last year. = We have been friends for a year. 译：我们去年结交 = 做朋友一年了。 12. come/go → be+介词（in/at） He came to Shanghai a month ago. = He has been in Shanghai for a month. 译：他一个月前来上海 = 在上海待了一个月。 精选练习题 1. —How is your English study? — Great! I_______ a lot of progress since I joined the English club last term. make B. made C. have made D. will make 2. —Great changes _____in Chengdu in the last few years. —Yes, everything has changed a lot. A. happen B. have taken place C. were taken place D. have happen 精选练习题 3. I_____ reading this science fiction novel,and it's really amazing. just finish B. have just finished C. am just finishing D. had just finished 4. Have you _____ been to the Victoria Falls? already B. yet C. just D. ever 5. His father_____ to Nanjing. He ____ back next week. A. has been, is B. has been, will come C. has gone, is D. has gone, will be $