精品解析：湖南长沙市岳麓区中嘉学校2025-2026学年八年级下学期学情自测英语试卷

25-26-2学期初二年级英语试卷 时量：100分钟 满分：100分 注意事项： 1.答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号； 2.必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效； 3.答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示； 4.请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁； 5.答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸； 6.本学科试卷共四大题，61小题，考试时量100分钟，满分100分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 1. What was Bob doing when the earthquake happened? A. He was cooking. B. He was reading. C. He was brushing his teeth. 2. When will the party begin? A. At 6:30 p.m. B. At 7 p.m. C. At 7:30 p.m. 3. Where was the boy when the storm hit the city yesterday? A. At the bus stop. B. In the classroom. C. In the restaurant. 4. What does the man want to do tonight? A. Go shopping. B. Watch a movie. C. Look after cats. 5. How does the boy feel now? A. Relaxed. B. Worried. C. Embarrassed. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对请或独白后有2-3个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 听第六段对话，回答第6、7小题。 6 What was Jeff doing when there was a flood in the village? A. He was walking on the street. B. He was sleeping in the hotel. C. He was visiting his aunt in Beijing. 7. When did Jeff’s parents go home? A. Two days ago. B. A week ago. C. Two weeks ago. 听第七段对话，回答第8、9小题。 8. Where will the woman go next month? A. To Japan. B. To England. C. To France. 9. How should she greet strangers there? A. She should bow. B. She should shake hands. C. She should kiss on the cheek. 听第八段对话，回答第10、11小题。 10. What did Mike’s sister do to help? A. She offered water. B. She drove a truck. C. She picked up rubbish. 11. How long did the cleanup take? A. Two days. B. Two weeks. C One month. 听第九段对话，回答第12至14小题。 12. What were Leo’s family doing when the flood hit? A. They were sleeping. B. They were having dinner. C. They were watching TV. 13. What did Dad ask Leo to do? A. To call for help. B. To go outside quickly. C. To put the objects on higher places. 14. Where did they go finally? A. To the hotel. B. To Leo’s friend’s house. C. To Leo’s uncle’s house. 听第十段对话，回答第15至17小题。 15. What was Jack doing when the big storm took place? A. He was reading. B. He was walking his dog. C. He was doing chores. 16. What happened on Jack’s way home? A. A car hit Jack. B. Jack hurt his leg. C. A branch fell from a tree. 17. How did Jack get home at last? A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By bus. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20小题。 18. What was Tom’s father doing when the earthquake happened? A. He was reading. B. He was cooking. C. He was watching TV. 19. Where did they hide? A. Under the table B. Under the chair. C. Under the bed. 20. When did the earthquake probably take place? A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the evening. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的a、b、c三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 1. What time do Western people usually have dinner? A. At midday. B. At 5:00 in the afternoon. C. At around 7 p. m. or even later. 2. What will a host probably say to a guest at the start of a meal? A. Can I help you? B. Help yourself! C. Eat slowly! 【答案】1. C 2. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇介绍西方用餐礼仪的短文，从用餐时间、上菜方式、拒绝食物、用餐工具和餐后礼仪等方面，介绍了西方的餐桌文化，最后强调了入乡随俗的重要原则。 【1题详解】 根据文章内容中Meal time部分的“Dinner=At around 7 p.m. or even later.”（晚餐在晚上7点左右甚至更晚）可知，西方人通常在晚上7点左右或更晚吃晚餐，选项C符合题意。 【2题详解】 根据文章内容中Being served部分的“At the start of a meal: A guest will be invited to serve himself (‘Help yourself!’), or his plate will be filled by the host (‘Can I serve you?’).”可知，主人在用餐开始时会说 “Help yourself!”，选项B符合题意。 B The movie Dear You has become a big hit across China these days. It comes from true stories of overseas Chinese, and uses the old “qiaopi (侨批): a letter” tradition to tell a warm story of love and kindness. It wins high praise from most audiences of different ages. The story takes place between Chaoshan and Thailand. It tells about a grandma from Chaoshan who waits for her husband for many years. He left his hometown to work in Thailand many years ago, and she raised their children alone with the money and letters he sent home. These special letters with money, called “qiaopi”, became her only comfort in the long waiting days. However, her grandson found out the sad truth later. The husband died not long after he got to Thailand. A kind local Chinese woman named Xie Nanzhi knew this truth. She kept it secret and wrote letters and sent money in the husband’s name for nearly 40 years, just to let the grandma live a peaceful and hopeful life. The movie has no famous stars or amazing stories. It never shows too sad or exciting scenes. but it still touches people’s hearts deeply. It shows the great warmth between two women who were strangers to each other and tells us that true kindness is always quiet and long-lasting. 3. Why did Xie Nanzhi keep writing to the grandma? A. To help her live in peace. B. To take the husband’s place. C. To make money from the family. 4. The underlined word “comfort” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A. 安慰 B. 骄傲 C. 压力 5. What can we infer from the passage? A. The grandma lived a rich life. B. The movie is full of exciting stories. C. The two women didn’t meet at first. 6. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A popular movie about true kindness. B. The life of overseas Chinese in Thailand. C. The history of the “qiaopi” tradition. 【答案】3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了电影《给阿嫲的情书》的故事背景和情节。 【3题详解】 第三段明确指出：“She kept it secret and wrote letters and sent money in the husband’s name for nearly 40 years, just to let the grandma live a peaceful and hopeful life.”说明谢南枝坚持写信是为了让奶奶过上平静而充满希望的生活。 【4题详解】 第二段指出：“These special letters with money... became her only comfort in the long waiting days.”在漫长等待中，这些信和钱是奶奶唯一的慰藉，因此“comfort”意为“安慰”。 【5题详解】 第三段指出丈夫去世后，谢南枝“kept it secret”（保守秘密），没有告诉奶奶真相。第四段提到“the great warmth between two women who were strangers to each other”，说明两位女性是陌生人，彼此没有见过面。由此可以推断，她们最初并没有见面。 【6题详解】 全文围绕电影《给阿嫲的情书》展开，介绍了其真实故事背景和传递的善良主题，因此文章主旨是介绍一部关于真正的善良的热门电影。 C At the final of the Claw Maker Competition, a 14-year-old student surprised everyone. Jiang Muran from Beijing Academy won the top prize and received 280,000 yuan. The competition, held by the Zhongguancun Institute of Artificial Intelligence（中关村人工智能研究院）, brought together young technology users with creative ideas. Jiang stood out because of two key projects. “Claw Guard is like a bodyguard（保镖）for the system（系统）,” he explained. “It helps find risks early and keeps everything safe.” Right now, people are worried about security problems in Open Claw, a useful AI helper. This tool helps protect the whole system and lower these risks. His other project, Agent Pay Agent, explores how AI programs can “pay” and work together in a better way. The project is not just an idea-it is already being tested and has received good feedback（反馈）. “I want to build tools that can really be used,” Jiang added. Jiang’s interest in AI comes from a deeper question: Will AI make people forget basic（基础的）technology? He has noticed that many teenagers want quick answers without really understanding them. “If we only use tools but don’t learn the basics, we may no longer be able to think on our own,” he said. That is why Jiang believes students should have strong basic skills in math and science, stay curious（好奇的）and keep practicing. “We should not depend on AI too much,” he said. 7. What is the main use of “Claw Guard” according to Jiang Muran? A. It solves security problems in Open Claw. B. It finds risks early and protects the system. C. It provides creative ideas. 8. What can we learn about “Agent Pay Agent” from the passage? A. It is still just an idea without any testing. B. It explores better ways for AI programs to work together. C. It has already won 280,000 yuan for the competition. 9. Why does Jiang Muran worry that people might use AI too much? A. Because AI may not give correct answers. B. Because young people might lose the ability to think on their own. C. Because AI tools are too expensive for most students. 10. Which of the following would Jiang Muran most probably agree with? A. Students should depend on AI to save time. B. All students have strong basic skills in math and science. C. Learning basic math and science is still important. 【答案】7. B 8. B 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了14岁学生蒋沐然在中关村人工智能研究院举办的“爪创客”大赛中夺冠的经历。他凭借两个AI项目——用于发现风险和保护系统的安全工具“Claw Guard”以及探索AI程序协作方式的“Agent Pay Agent”——脱颖而出。文章还介绍了他对AI过度使用的担忧，认为学生应掌握扎实的基础技能、保持好奇心并持续练习。 【7题详解】 第三段明确指出：“Claw Guard is like a bodyguard for the system... It helps find risks early and keeps everything safe.”可知，Claw Guard的主要用途是提前发现风险并保护系统。 【8题详解】 第四段详细描述了Agent Pay Agent：“... explores how AI programs can ‘pay’ and work together in a better way.”，即该项目致力于探索AI程序之间更优的协作方式；后文还提到该项目“... is already been tested and has received good feedback”，排除A选项。故填B。 【9题详解】 第五段阐述了蒋沐然的担忧：“He has noticed that many teenagers want quick answers without really understanding them.”及“‘If we only use tools but don’t learn the basics, we may no longer be able to think on our own,’ he said.”可知，其核心担忧是过度依赖AI会导致人们丧失独立思考能力。 【10题详解】 最后一段清楚表达了蒋沐然的观点：“That is why Jiang believes students should have strong basic skills in math and science, stay curious and keep practicing. ‘We should not depend on AI too much,’he said.”，强调学习基础知识和技能仍然至关重要，不应过分依赖AI工具。 第三节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 It was a terrible day for Mr. and Mrs. Lin. The old couple was on holiday at a mountain. They were taking a walk in the early afternoon, when suddenly the ground started to shake. ____11____ They were in the middle of a very strong earthquake! The Lins tried to find some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were tourists, young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope. ____12____ He called for everyone’s attention and said, “The roads are too dangerous. We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must stay here tonight.” Then Mr. Lin and a few young men went back to the ruins to look for food and blankets (毛毯). ____13____ The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr. Lin divided the people into five groups. Each group had a leader. He also collected all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them as flashlights. Every 30 minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones. ____14____ Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was a difficult journey, but the group members encouraged and supported each other. ____15____ But then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was tired but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. As the saying goes, “God helps those who help themselves.” Though natural disaster are terrible, unity and kindness can always bring us hope and strength. A. The light in the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe. B. They found some supplies, but not enough for everyone. C. At that moment, Mr. Lin decided to take the lead. D. In just two minutes, everything changed completely! E. After twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely. 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. E 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了林先生夫妇在山中遭遇地震后，带领一群人团结互助、最终安全脱险的故事。 【11题详解】 第一段中“when suddenly the ground started to shake”表明地面突然开始摇晃。空后“They were in the middle of a very strong earthquake!”说明他们正处于强烈地震中。空处应描述地震带来的迅速变化，D选项“In just two minutes, everything changed completely!”与前后文逻辑一致，说明灾难来得突然。 【12题详解】 第二段中“Some cried and some lost hope.”表明有人哭泣、有人失去希望。空后“He called for everyone’s attention...”说明他召集大家注意。空处应引出林先生站出来带领大家，C选项“At that moment, Mr. Lin decided to take the lead.”与后文直接对应，承上启下。 【13题详解】 第二段中“Then Mr. Lin and a few young men went back to the ruins to look for food and blankets.”表明林先生和几个年轻人去废墟寻找食物和毛毯。空后“The young people gave theirs to the older ones.”说明年轻人把自己的让给了年长者。空处应说明找到的物资不够，B选项“They found some supplies, but not enough for everyone.”与后文年轻人让给老人的行为逻辑一致。 【14题详解】 第三段中“Every 30 minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones.”表明每30分钟组长们闪动手机。空处应说明这样做的作用，A选项“The light in the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe.”与上文闪动手机的行为直接对应，说明光带来的安全感。 【15题详解】 第四段中“It was a difficult journey, but the group members encouraged and supported each other.”表明下山路途艰难但大家互相鼓励支持。空后“But then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was tired but they felt lucky...”说明地震已过去30小时，大家虽然累但是也感觉非常幸运。空处应描述他们最终安全脱险的结果，E选项“After twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely.”与后文衔接自然。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a small village, there lived a skilled old carpenter (木匠).People came from far and wide to ask him to make furniture (家具), for his works were always well-made and strong. One day, a young man came to ____16____ him. He was crazy about woodworking and dreamed of being a great carpenter, but he was always in a ____17____ to finish his work quickly. The old carpenter soon noticed his impatience. “I can teach you all my skills,” the old man said, “but first, I have a simple ____18____ for you.” He ____19____ the young man a rough (粗糙的) wooden board and said, “Make this board as smooth as you can.” The young man thought it was ____20____. He sanded (用砂纸打磨) the board carelessly a few times and brought it back quickly. The old carpenter touched the board and said, “It’s not smooth enough. Try again.” A little unhappy, the young man sanded harder, but the old carpenter ____21____ his head again. Feeling upset, the young man finally stopped to think more ____22____. He realized he must slow down and take his work seriously. Then he began sanding every corner of the board with great ____23____. Finally, the board became as smooth as a mirror. This time, the old carpenter ____24____ and said, “You’ve learned the most important lesson. Success needs not only skills, but also ____25____. The simpler the task is, the more care and patience it takes.” Life is just like this, whether you’re making a piece of furniture or doing your schoolwork: a truly successful person always moves forward step by step, never in a hurry. 16. A. run after B. learn from C. compete with 17. A. rush B. way C. moment 18. A. gift B. task C. game 19. A. sold B. threw C. handed 20. A. easy B. hard C. special 21. A. turned B. shook C. nodded 22. A. deeply B. excitedly C. nervously 23. A. fun B. care C. speed 24. A. shouted B. cried C. smiled 25. A. luck B. courage C. patience 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一位老木匠通过让年轻人打磨木板，教导他成功不仅需要技能，更需要耐心和细心的故事。 【16题详解】 句意：一天，一个年轻人来向他学习。 根据下文，“He was crazy about woodworking and dreamed of being a great carpenter”表明年轻人对木工很着迷，梦想成为伟大的木匠，他是来拜师“学习”的。应用learn from“向……学习”。 【17题详解】 句意：他对木工很着迷，梦想成为伟大的木匠，但他总是急于快速完成工作。 根据下文，“his impatience”表示“他的不耐烦”，说明年轻人总是急于完成工作，“in a rush”表示“匆忙地”，固定搭配。 【18题详解】 句意：我可以教你我所有的技能，但首先，我有一个简单的任务给你。 根据下文，“Make this board as smooth as you can”表示“把木板打磨光滑”，这是老木匠给年轻人分配的一个“任务”。应用task“任务”。 【19题详解】 句意：他递给年轻人一块粗糙的木板。 根据教学场景，老木匠应是把木板交给年轻人，应用handed“递给”。 【20题详解】 句意：年轻人觉得这很容易。 根据下文，“He sanded the board carelessly a few times”表明年轻人漫不经心地打磨了几下，说明他并不重视这个任务，他觉得这活儿很“容易”。应用easy“简单的，容易的”。 【21题详解】 句意：年轻人有点不开心，更加用力地打磨，但老木匠再次摇了摇头。 根据上文，“It’s not smooth enough. Try again.”表明老师傅不认可他的成果，所以“摇头”表示否定。应用shook“摇”。 【22题详解】 句意：感到沮丧的年轻人终于停下来，开始更深入地思考。 根据下文，“He realized he must slow down”表明年轻人意识到自己必须慢下来，他开始“深入”思考问题所在。应用deeply“深入地”。 【23题详解】 句意：然后他开始极其谨慎地打磨木板的每一个角落。 “slow down and take his work seriously”表明年轻人慢下来并认真对待工作，他此时带着极大的“谨慎”在打磨木板。应用care“谨慎”。 【24题详解】 句意：这一次，老木匠笑了，说：“你学到了最重要的一课。” “Finally, the board became as smooth as a mirror”表明年轻人终于完成了任务，老师傅对此应该感到高兴和满意，应用smiled“微笑”。 【25题详解】 句意：成功不仅需要技能，还需要耐心。 文章结尾“a truly successful person always moves forward step by step, never in a hurry”以及全文强调的“slow down”表明此处强调的是“耐心”，应用patience“耐心”。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 A23a used to be the world’s ____26____ (large) iceberg (冰山). But sadly, it ____27____ (break) into pieces over time and disappeared before this April. Scientists took back its name because it was too small ____28____ (be) called an iceberg. It is ____29____ (nature) for big icebergs like A23a to get smaller. Warm summer air melts (使融化) them, and ocean current (洋流) break them down.____30____, climate change is making ice melt much faster in Antarctica (南极洲). Ocean temperatures reached a new high in 2025. This change in heat is ____31____ same as setting off 12 Hiroshima bombs (广岛原子弹) in the ocean every second for the whole year. Even though A23a is far ____32____ people, its melting has greatly changed the world. When it broke apart, it gave out ____33____ (pollute) into the ocean. This might upset the balance of nature. The broken ice pieces could also make it hard for animals like penguins to find food. Some pieces are so big ____34____ they cause trouble to nearby ships and fishing activities. It’s time for people to do something with this ____35____ (embarrass) situation. 【答案】26. largest 27. broke 28. to be 29. natural 30. However 31. the 32. from 33. pollution 34. that 35. embarrassing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了曾经是世界上最大的冰山A23a由于气候变化而融化消失，以及这一现象给自然界和人类带来的不良影响，呼吁人们采取行动应对气候变化。 【26题详解】 句意：A23a曾经是世界上最大的冰山。括号内提示词“large”意为“大的”，“the world’s + 最高级”表示“世界上最……的”，需用最高级“largest”。 【27题详解】 句意：但令人遗憾的是，它随着时间的推移碎裂并在今年四月前消失了。括号内提示词“break”意为“打破/碎裂”，描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时“broke”。 【28题详解】 句意：科学家收回了它的名称，因为它太小而无法被称为冰山。括号内提示词“be”意为“是”，“too + 形容词 + to do sth.”为固定结构，表示“太……而不能……”，需用不定式“to be”。 【29题详解】 句意：像A23a这样的大冰山变小是很自然的。括号内提示词“nature”为名词，意为“自然”，此处作表语，表示“自然的”，需用形容词“natural”。 【30题详解】 句意：但是气候变化正在使南极洲的冰融化得更快。前文讲大冰山变小是自然现象，后文讲气候变化加速冰融，两者之间为转折关系，并且空格后有逗号，注意首字母大写，需填连词“However”。 【31题详解】 句意：这种热量的变化相当于全年每秒在海洋中引爆12颗广岛原子弹。“the same as”为固定搭配，表示“与……相同”，需填定冠词“the”。 【32题详解】 句意：尽管A23a远离人类，但它的融化已经极大地改变了世界。固定搭配“be far from”，意为“远离”，空处应填介词from。 【33题详解】 句意：它解体时向海洋释放了污染物。括号内提示词“pollute”为动词，意为“污染”，此处作动词“gave out”的宾语，表示“污染物”，需用名词“pollution”，是不可数名词，用原形即可。 【34题详解】 句意：有些冰块大到会给附近的船只和捕鱼活动造成麻烦。“so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句”为固定结构，表示“如此……以至于……”，需填“that”。 【35题详解】 句意：是时候采取措施应对这一尴尬的局面了。括号内提示词“embarrass”为动词，意为“使尴尬”，此处修饰名词“situation”，需用形容词，表示“令人尴尬的”，故填“embarrassing”。 第四部分 读写综合（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面的短文，回答问题。 Everyone loves gifts! But each country has different customs of giving gifts. As a European living in China, I’ve seen some interesting differences from home. For example, in China, people often give fruit and milk. In Europe, people give them only when they visit sick people in the hospital. Many Europeans open their gifts right away, although not in places like Germany. It’s also important to take off the price tag (标签) before giving the gift. What if you don’t like your gift? In Spain, you still need to say you love the gift so you don’t hurt the other person’s feelings. But if they remember to leave the receipt (收据) inside the gift, you can just change it for something else. How the gift looks is also important. However, by using wrapping paper (包装纸) for every gift we buy, we make a lot of waste. Now, many are choosing newspapers or maps as wrapping paper because it’s better for the environment. Do Europeans give money as gifts? Yes. Polish couples, for example, often request cash at weddings to pay for the cost of the venue (场地) and meals. Finally, remember: Whatever gifts you give, they’re not the most important thing. The thought is important, not the size or the price of the gift. 36. When do Europeans usually give fruit and milk as gifts? _________________________________________________ 37. Will people keep the price tag before giving the gift in many European countries? _________________________________________________ 38. Why do many people use newspapers or maps as wrapping paper now? _________________________________________________ 39. What do Polish couples use the money from their weddings for? _________________________________________________ 40. What gifts will you give to others? Why? _________________________________________________ 【答案】36. When they visit sick people in the hospital. 37. No, they won’t. 38. Because it’s better for the environment. 39. To pay for the cost of the venue and meals. 40. I will give books because reading can bring knowledge and happiness. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同国家赠送礼物的不同习俗，包括欧洲人赠送水果和牛奶的场合、是否保留价格标签、环保包装材料、婚礼礼金的用途，以及礼物的心意比价格和大小更重要。 【36题详解】 第二段最后一句明确指出在欧洲，人们会赠送水果和牛奶“when they visit sick people in the hospital”。因此答案是原文直接信息。 【37题详解】 第三段第二句“It’s also important to take off the price tag before giving the gift”明确指出，送礼前要取下价格标签。因此答案是“No, they won’t”。 【38题详解】 第五段最后一句明确指出许多人选择报纸或地图作为包装纸是因为“it’s better for the environment”。因此答案是原文直接信息。 【39题详解】 第六段第二句明确指出波兰夫妇在婚礼上要现金“to pay for the cost of the venue and meals”。因此答案是原文直接信息。 【40题详解】 本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但需结合文章最后一段“The thought is important”的提示，合理作答。 第二节 写作（共1小题，满分15分） 41. 文化无国界，我们需要做的是互相尊重。假如你是李华，你的笔友Mark将要来中国，向你询问如何在中国举止得当。请你根据下面的提示，用英语给Mark写一封回信，告诉他应该注意的地方。请根据下面的提示，用英语给Mark写一封回信，告诉他应该注意的地方。 注意： （1）文中不得出现真实姓名和校名等信息； （2）写作词数为80个左右（开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear Mark, I’m glad to hear that you are coming to China soon. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I wish you a safe trip and hope to meet you soon! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Mark, I’m glad to hear that you are coming to China soon. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in China. First, when you meet people for the first time, you are supposed to shake hands and smile. Second, table manners are important. You should learn how to use chopsticks. Also, it’s impolite to point at others with your chopsticks. Third, if you want to visit your friends, you’d better call them first. It’s a good idea to take a small gift when you go to their houses. Finally, remember to keep your voice down in public places. I wish you a safe trip and hope to meet you soon! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：书信应用文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：问候礼仪、餐桌礼仪、拜访朋友礼仪、公共场合礼仪 确定人称：第二人称(you/your) 注意事项：文中不得透露真实姓名和学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构 开头段：题目已给总起句，引出“中国举止得体”的建议话题 主体段：分点介绍不同场景下的礼仪建议 结尾段：题目已给祝福句，收尾并表达期待见面的心情 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：问候礼仪 初次见面：shake hands and smile/greet with a warm smile/nod politely/avoid too much physical contact/address people with their titles等 要点二：餐桌礼仪 用餐时：learn how to use chopsticks/it’s impolite to point at others with your chopsticks/wait for elders to start eating first/don’t stick chopsticks upright in rice/avoid making loud noises while eating/offer food to others politely等 要点三：拜访朋友礼仪 拜访朋友时：call them first/take a small gift when you go to their houses/arrive on time (not too early or too late) /greet the host’s family politely/don’t walk around the house without permission/thank the host before leaving等 要点四：其他公共场合礼仪 公共场合：keep your voice down in public places/wait in line when shopping or taking transport/don’t litter in public/respect public signs (no smoking, etc.) /offer seats to the elderly on public transport等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 25-26-2学期初二年级英语试卷 时量：100分钟 满分：100分 注意事项： 1.答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号； 2.必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效； 3.答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示； 4.请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁； 5.答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸； 6.本学科试卷共四大题，61小题，考试时量100分钟，满分100分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 1. What was Bob doing when the earthquake happened? A. He was cooking. B. He was reading. C. He was brushing his teeth. 2. When will the party begin? A. At 6:30 p.m. B. At 7 p.m. C. At 7:30 p.m. 3. Where was the boy when the storm hit the city yesterday? A. At the bus stop. B. In the classroom. C. In the restaurant. 4. What does the man want to do tonight? A. Go shopping. B. Watch a movie. C. Look after cats. 5. How does the boy feel now? A. Relaxed. B. Worried. C. Embarrassed. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对请或独白后有2-3个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 听第六段对话，回答第6、7小题。 6 What was Jeff doing when there was a flood in the village? A. He was walking on the street. B. He was sleeping in the hotel. C. He was visiting his aunt in Beijing. 7. When did Jeff’s parents go home? A. Two days ago. B. A week ago. C. Two weeks ago. 听第七段对话，回答第8、9小题。 8. Where will the woman go next month? A. To Japan. B. To England. C. To France. 9. How should she greet strangers there? A. She should bow. B. She should shake hands. C. She should kiss on the cheek. 听第八段对话，回答第10、11小题。 10. What did Mike’s sister do to help? A. She offered water. B. She drove a truck. C. She picked up rubbish. 11. How long did the cleanup take? A. Two days. B. Two weeks. C One month. 听第九段对话，回答第12至14小题。 12. What were Leo’s family doing when the flood hit? A. They were sleeping. B. They were having dinner. C. They were watching TV. 13. What did Dad ask Leo to do? A. To call for help. B. To go outside quickly. C. To put the objects on higher places. 14. Where did they go finally? A. To the hotel. B. To Leo’s friend’s house. C. To Leo’s uncle’s house. 听第十段对话，回答第15至17小题。 15. What was Jack doing when the big storm took place? A. He was reading. B. He was walking his dog. C. He was doing chores. 16. What happened on Jack’s way home? A. A car hit Jack. B. Jack hurt his leg. C. A branch fell from a tree. 17. How did Jack get home at last? A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By bus. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20小题。 18. What was Tom’s father doing when the earthquake happened? A. He was reading. B. He was cooking. C. He was watching TV. 19. Where did they hide? A. Under the table B. Under the chair. C. Under the bed. 20. When did the earthquake probably take place? A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the evening. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的a、b、c三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 1. What time do Western people usually have dinner? A. At midday. B. At 5:00 in the afternoon. C. At around 7 p. m. or even later. 2. What will a host probably say to a guest at the start of a meal? A. Can I help you? B. Help yourself! C. Eat slowly! B The movie Dear You has become a big hit across China these days. It comes from true stories of overseas Chinese, and uses the old “qiaopi (侨批): a letter” tradition to tell a warm story of love and kindness. It wins high praise from most audiences of different ages. The story takes place between Chaoshan and Thailand. It tells about a grandma from Chaoshan who waits for her husband for many years. He left his hometown to work in Thailand many years ago, and she raised their children alone with the money and letters he sent home. These special letters with money, called “qiaopi”, became her only comfort in the long waiting days. However, her grandson found out the sad truth later. The husband died not long after he got to Thailand. A kind local Chinese woman named Xie Nanzhi knew this truth. She kept it secret and wrote letters and sent money in the husband’s name for nearly 40 years, just to let the grandma live a peaceful and hopeful life. The movie has no famous stars or amazing stories. It never shows too sad or exciting scenes. but it still touches people’s hearts deeply. It shows the great warmth between two women who were strangers to each other and tells us that true kindness is always quiet and long-lasting. 3. Why did Xie Nanzhi keep writing to the grandma? A. To help her live in peace. B. To take the husband’s place. C. To make money from the family. 4. The underlined word “comfort” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A. 安慰 B. 骄傲 C. 压力 5. What can we infer from the passage? A. The grandma lived a rich life. B. The movie is full of exciting stories. C. The two women didn’t meet at first. 6. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A popular movie about true kindness. B. The life of overseas Chinese in Thailand. C. The history of the “qiaopi” tradition. C At the final of the Claw Maker Competition, a 14-year-old student surprised everyone. Jiang Muran from Beijing Academy won the top prize and received 280,000 yuan. The competition, held by the Zhongguancun Institute of Artificial Intelligence（中关村人工智能研究院）, brought together young technology users with creative ideas. Jiang stood out because of two key projects. “Claw Guard is like a bodyguard（保镖）for the system（系统）,” he explained. “It helps find risks early and keeps everything safe.” Right now, people are worried about security problems in Open Claw, a useful AI helper. This tool helps protect the whole system and lower these risks. His other project, Agent Pay Agent, explores how AI programs can “pay” and work together in a better way. The project is not just an idea-it is already being tested and has received good feedback（反馈）. “I want to build tools that can really be used,” Jiang added. Jiang’s interest in AI comes from a deeper question: Will AI make people forget basic（基础的）technology? He has noticed that many teenagers want quick answers without really understanding them. “If we only use tools but don’t learn the basics, we may no longer be able to think on our own,” he said. That is why Jiang believes students should have strong basic skills in math and science, stay curious（好奇的）and keep practicing. “We should not depend on AI too much,” he said. 7. What is the main use of “Claw Guard” according to Jiang Muran? A. It solves security problems in Open Claw. B. It finds risks early and protects the system. C. It provides creative ideas. 8. What can we learn about “Agent Pay Agent” from the passage? A. It is still just an idea without any testing. B. It explores better ways for AI programs to work together. C. It has already won 280,000 yuan for the competition. 9. Why does Jiang Muran worry that people might use AI too much? A. Because AI may not give correct answers. B. Because young people might lose the ability to think on their own. C. Because AI tools are too expensive for most students. 10. Which of the following would Jiang Muran most probably agree with? A. Students should depend on AI to save time. B. All students have strong basic skills in math and science. C. Learning basic math and science is still important. 第三节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 It was a terrible day for Mr. and Mrs. Lin. The old couple was on holiday at a mountain. They were taking a walk in the early afternoon, when suddenly the ground started to shake. ____11____ They were in the middle of a very strong earthquake! The Lins tried to find some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were tourists, young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope. ____12____ He called for everyone’s attention and said, “The roads are too dangerous. We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must stay here tonight.” Then Mr. Lin and a few young men went back to the ruins to look for food and blankets (毛毯). ____13____ The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr. Lin divided the people into five groups. Each group had a leader. He also collected all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them as flashlights. Every 30 minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones. ____14____ Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was a difficult journey, but the group members encouraged and supported each other. ____15____ But then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was tired but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. As the saying goes, “God helps those who help themselves.” Though natural disaster are terrible, unity and kindness can always bring us hope and strength. A. The light in the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe. B. They found some supplies, but not enough for everyone. C. At that moment, Mr. Lin decided to take the lead. D. In just two minutes, everything changed completely! E. After twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a small village, there lived a skilled old carpenter (木匠).People came from far and wide to ask him to make furniture (家具), for his works were always well-made and strong. One day, a young man came to ____16____ him. He was crazy about woodworking and dreamed of being a great carpenter, but he was always in a ____17____ to finish his work quickly. The old carpenter soon noticed his impatience. “I can teach you all my skills,” the old man said, “but first, I have a simple ____18____ for you.” He ____19____ the young man a rough (粗糙的) wooden board and said, “Make this board as smooth as you can.” The young man thought it was ____20____. He sanded (用砂纸打磨) the board carelessly a few times and brought it back quickly. The old carpenter touched the board and said, “It’s not smooth enough. Try again.” A little unhappy, the young man sanded harder, but the old carpenter ____21____ his head again. Feeling upset, the young man finally stopped to think more ____22____. He realized he must slow down and take his work seriously. Then he began sanding every corner of the board with great ____23____. Finally, the board became as smooth as a mirror. This time, the old carpenter ____24____ and said, “You’ve learned the most important lesson. Success needs not only skills, but also ____25____. The simpler the task is, the more care and patience it takes.” Life is just like this, whether you’re making a piece of furniture or doing your schoolwork: a truly successful person always moves forward step by step, never in a hurry. 16. A. run after B. learn from C. compete with 17. A. rush B. way C. moment 18. A. gift B. task C. game 19. A. sold B. threw C. handed 20. A. easy B. hard C. special 21. A. turned B. shook C. nodded 22. A. deeply B. excitedly C. nervously 23. A. fun B. care C. speed 24. A. shouted B. cried C. smiled 25. A. luck B. courage C. patience 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 A23a used to be the world’s ____26____ (large) iceberg (冰山). But sadly, it ____27____ (break) into pieces over time and disappeared before this April. Scientists took back its name because it was too small ____28____ (be) called an iceberg. It is ____29____ (nature) for big icebergs like A23a to get smaller. Warm summer air melts (使融化) them, and ocean current (洋流) break them down.____30____, climate change is making ice melt much faster in Antarctica (南极洲). Ocean temperatures reached a new high in 2025. This change in heat is ____31____ same as setting off 12 Hiroshima bombs (广岛原子弹) in the ocean every second for the whole year. Even though A23a is far ____32____ people, its melting has greatly changed the world. When it broke apart, it gave out ____33____ (pollute) into the ocean. This might upset the balance of nature. The broken ice pieces could also make it hard for animals like penguins to find food. Some pieces are so big ____34____ they cause trouble to nearby ships and fishing activities. It’s time for people to do something with this ____35____ (embarrass) situation. 第四部分 读写综合（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面的短文，回答问题。 Everyone loves gifts! But each country has different customs of giving gifts. As a European living in China, I’ve seen some interesting differences from home. For example, in China, people often give fruit and milk. In Europe, people give them only when they visit sick people in the hospital. Many Europeans open their gifts right away, although not in places like Germany. It’s also important to take off the price tag (标签) before giving the gift. What if you don’t like your gift? In Spain, you still need to say you love the gift so you don’t hurt the other person’s feelings. But if they remember to leave the receipt (收据) inside the gift, you can just change it for something else. How the gift looks is also important. However, by using wrapping paper (包装纸) for every gift we buy, we make a lot of waste. Now, many are choosing newspapers or maps as wrapping paper because it’s better for the environment. Do Europeans give money as gifts? Yes. Polish couples, for example, often request cash at weddings to pay for the cost of the venue (场地) and meals. Finally, remember: Whatever gifts you give, they’re not the most important thing. The thought is important, not the size or the price of the gift. 36. When do Europeans usually give fruit and milk as gifts? _________________________________________________ 37. Will people keep the price tag before giving the gift in many European countries? _________________________________________________ 38. Why do many people use newspapers or maps as wrapping paper now? _________________________________________________ 39. What do Polish couples use the money from their weddings for? _________________________________________________ 40. What gifts will you give to others? Why? _________________________________________________ 第二节 写作（共1小题，满分15分） 41. 文化无国界，我们需要做的是互相尊重。假如你是李华，你的笔友Mark将要来中国，向你询问如何在中国举止得当。请你根据下面的提示，用英语给Mark写一封回信，告诉他应该注意的地方。请根据下面的提示，用英语给Mark写一封回信，告诉他应该注意的地方。 注意： （1）文中不得出现真实姓名和校名等信息； （2）写作词数为80个左右（开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear Mark, I’m glad to hear that you are coming to China soon. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I wish you a safe trip and hope to meet you soon! Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $