Unit 8 A green world 核心重点词汇、词性转换、短语、句型专项练习 - 2025-2026学年译林版八年级下册英语

**基本信息** 围绕“绿色世界”主题，构建从词汇基础到语篇综合的渐进式训练体系，夯实语言能力，培养环保意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词性转换|15题|考查词形变化规则（三单、过去式等）|以核心动词、名词为起点，构建“动词-名词-形容词”词性关联网络| |短语翻译|32题|固定搭配与情境表达|围绕环保行为（回收、保护等），形成“行为-结果-政策”短语逻辑链| |语法填空|30题|时态、语态、词性转换等语法应用|从单句语法到语境语法，衔接词形知识与句子结构| |单词拼写|30题|主题词汇拼写（资源、污染等）|聚焦环保主题核心词汇，强化音形义联系| |句子翻译|15题|句型结构与主题表达|整合词汇与语法，实现从短语到句子的意义构建| |短文填空|15空|语篇语境中的词汇运用|以湿地保护为语篇载体，综合考查主题词汇与语法在语境中的应用|

译林版八年级下册英语 Unit 8 A green world 答案+详细解析 一、词性转换 1. reduces；reduced 解析：reduce 规则动词，第三人称单数直接加 -s；过去式加 -d。 2. reuse；reusing 解析：reuse 本身可作名词表“再利用”；现在分词去e加 -ing。 3. recycled；recycling 解析：recycle 过去式去e加 -d；名词形式 recycling 表示“回收利用”。 4. protection；protected 解析：动词 protect → 名词 protection（保护）；过去式 protected。 5. pollute；polluted 解析：名词 pollution → 动词 pollute（污染）；polluted 为形容词，意为“被污染的”。 6. waste；wasted 解析：waste 可直接作形容词“废弃的”；过去式直接加 -d。 7. energetic；energies 解析：名词 energy → 形容词 energetic（有能量的）；表“多种能源”时复数为 energies。 8. plastics；plastic 解析：plastic 表“各类塑料制品”时复数 plastics；动词形式仍为 plastic（用塑料包装）。 9. separation；separated 解析：动词 separate → 名词 separation（分开）；过去式双写r加 -ed。 10. allowed；allowable 解析：allow 过去式直接加 -ed；形容词 allowable 表示“可允许的”。 11. punishment；punished 解析：动词 punish → 名词 punishment（惩罚）；过去式 punished。 12. wisely；wisdom 解析：形容词 wise → 副词 wisely（明智地）；名词 wisdom（智慧）。 13. product/products；produced 解析：produce 动词，名词 product（产品，单数）、products（泛指各类产品，复数）；过去式 produced。 14. different；differ 解析：名词 difference → 形容词 different（不同的）；动词 differ（不同于）。 15. poor；richly 解析：rich（富有的）反义词 poor（贫穷的）；副词 richly（丰富地）。 二、短语翻译 1. with high mountains and clear blue lakes 2. be separated into different groups 3. the level of waste recycling 4. total waste 5. an organization for recycling clothes 6. collect old clothes 7. charity shops 8. be sent to factories for recycling 9. laws to protect the environment 10. cut down trees 11. control air and water pollution 12. break these rules 13. be punished 14. drop litter in public places 15. be fined by the police 16. valuable wealth 17. depend on its rich resources to live 18. protect it wisely 19. solar energy, wind energy and water energy 20. new types of energy 21. run out (of) / use up 22. produce little pollution 23. organize many activities and events 24. make a difference 25. a good place to live 26. the efforts of citizens 27. over the years 28. deal with waste in different ways 29. bike lanes / bicycle paths 30. travel by bike / ride bikes 31. use unclean fuel 32. at the same time 三、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. Recycling 解析：动名词作句子主语，recycle 变动名词去e加-ing，句首首字母大写。 2. will be punished 解析：if 引导条件状语从句，主将从现；主语 you 和 punish 是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态。 3. electricity 解析：动词 use 后接名词作宾语，electric（电的）→ electricity（电，不可数名词）。 4. harmful 解析：固定搭配 be harmful to 对……有害，形容词作表语。 5. wisely 解析：修饰动词 use 要用副词，wise → wisely（明智地）。 6. separate 解析：情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 7. successfully 解析：修饰动词 finish 用副词，success（名词）→ successfully（成功地）。 8. has been poured 解析：since 2023 是现在完成时标志；水体是“被倒入”，用现在完成时被动语态；water 为不可数名词，助动词用 has。 9. polluting 解析：固定搭配 stop sb./sth. (from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事。 10. caused 解析：last year 为一般过去时标志，cause 过去式 caused。 11. broke 解析：just now（刚才）表过去，break 不规则动词，过去式 broke。 12. to deal 解析：固定句型 It’s time for sb. to do sth. 到某人做某事的时间了。 13. will be praised 解析：if 引导条件状语从句，主将从现；主语 you 和 praise 是被动关系，用一般将来时被动。 14. are explained 解析：until 引导的从句用一般现在时表将来；规则“安全条例被讲解”，用一般现在时被动语态，主语为复数。 15. to prevent 解析：动词不定式作目的状语，采取行动为了阻止污染。 16. come 解析：倒装句 here come...，主语 the rest of the volunteers 是复数，谓语用原形。 17. were donated 解析：last Friday 为一般过去时；衣服是“被捐赠”，用一般过去时被动语态，主语复数，助动词用 were。 18. will be discussed 解析：tomorrow’s meeting 表将来；事情是“被讨论”，用一般将来时被动语态。 19. write 解析：表示事物本身属性（书写流畅），主动形式表被动含义，用一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语用原形。 20. is holding 解析：at the moment（此刻）是现在进行时标志，主语为单数，be 动词用 is。 21. requires 解析：动名词短语 learning... 作主语，谓语动词用单数，时态为一般现在时。 22. management 解析：形容词 good 后接名词，manage（动词）→ management（管理）。 23. hardly 解析：根据句意“我几乎没有户外活动时间”，hard（努力地）→ hardly（几乎不）。 24. damaged 解析：last month 为一般过去时，damage 过去式 damaged。 25. will be set 解析：if 引导条件状语从句，主将从现；学校是“被建立”，用一般将来时被动语态。 26. reusing 解析：介词 by 后接动名词形式。 27. pour 解析：祈使句否定式 Don’t 后接动词原形。 28. taking 解析：介词 by 后接动名词。 29. to highlight 解析：固定搭配 aim to do sth. 旨在做某事。 30. are protected / will be protected 解析：鸟儿“被保护”，可用一般现在时被动（表常态）；也可用一般将来时被动（表将来举措）。 四、根据汉语提示完成单词 1. electronic 解析：形容词 electronic（电子的）修饰名词 pets。 2. resources 解析：natural resources 固定搭配“自然资源”，常用复数。 3. batteries 解析：battery（电池）为可数名词，此处表泛指用复数 batteries。 4. chemical 解析：形容词 chemical（化学的）修饰名词 processes。 5. soil 解析：soil（土壤）为不可数名词。 6. green / eco-friendly 解析：green/eco-friendly 均表示“环保的”，修饰名词 products。 7. cause 解析：情态动词 can 后接动词原形 cause（导致）。 8. fined 解析：一般将来时被动语态，be + 过去分词，fine 过去分词 fined（罚款）。 9. seabirds 解析：some 后接可数名词复数，seabird（海鸟）复数 seabirds。 10. strict 解析：形容词 strict（严格的）修饰名词 laws。 11. affecting 解析：固定搭配 prevent...from doing sth.，故填动名词 affecting（影响）。 12. management 解析：better 后接名词，management（管理）。 13. posters 解析：many 后接可数名词复数，poster（海报）复数 posters。 14. level 解析：level（水平），English level 英语水平。 15. wisely 解析：副词 wisely（明智地）修饰动词 spend。 16. fuel 解析：fuel（燃料）可作不可数名词。 17. single-use 解析：合成形容词 single-use 表示“一次性的”。 18. separate 解析：祈使句 Please 后接动词原形 separate（分开）。 19. breaks 解析：先行词 anyone 作主语，谓语动词用单数；一般现在时，break（违犯）三单形式 breaks。 20. total 解析：形容词 total（全部的），the total number 总数。 21. fined 解析：被动语态 be + 过去分词，fined（罚款）。 22. controlling 解析：介词 about 后接动名词，control 变动名词双写l加-ing。 23. second-hand 解析：合成形容词 second-hand（二手的）修饰名词 books。 24. gas 解析：gas（天然气），并列名词用原形。 25. recycling 解析：介词 for 后接动名词，recycling（回收利用）。 26. pollute 解析：情态动词 won’t 后接动词原形 pollute（污染）。 27. progress 解析：progress（进步）为不可数名词。 28. action 解析：固定搭配 take action 采取行动。 29. save 解析：情态动词 should 后接动词原形 save（节约）。 30. harmful 解析：固定搭配 be harmful to 对……有害。 五、句子翻译（填空） 1. work together；difference；create；future 解析：work together 携手合作；make a big difference 产生巨大影响；create a better future 创造美好未来。 2. China；efforts；reduce；desert areas 解析：make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事；reduce desert areas 减少沙漠面积。 3. make a difference 解析：make a difference 对……产生影响，固定短语。 4. According to 解析：according to 根据，固定搭配。 5. follow these simple steps；make a big difference 解析：follow steps 遵循步骤；make a big difference 产生巨大改变。 6. In addition；single-use plastic bags 解析：in addition 此外；single-use plastic bags 一次性塑料袋。 7. electronic products for recycling 解析：electronic products 电子产品；for recycling 用来回收。 8. reduce；reuse；recycle 解析：环保三大理念：减少、再利用、回收。 9. shop in second-hand shops 解析：shop in second-hand shops 在二手商店购物。 10. have a chance 解析：have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事。 11. follow；steps；difference；share；greener world 解析：follow steps 遵循步骤；share a greener world 共享绿色世界。 12. recycling；dealing；different ways 解析：介词 about 后接动名词；deal with 处理；in different ways 以不同方式。 13. People；sort；waste；dealt；differently 解析：sort waste 垃圾分类；被动语态 be dealt；副词 differently 修饰动词。 14. energy；pollution；run out 解析：produce pollution 产生污染；run out 耗尽、用完。 15. resources；live；protect；wisely 解析：natural resources 自然资源；depend on...to live 依靠……生存；protect...wisely 明智保护。 六、短文填空 1. the 解析：独一无二的事物前加定冠词 the，under the sky 在天空下。 2. to 解析：固定搭配 welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到某地。 3. located 解析：固定短语 be located in 位于……。 4. largest 解析：固定结构 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数，large 的最高级 largest。 5. from 解析：from different cities 来自不同城市。 6. exploring 解析：介词 for 后接动名词，explore → exploring。 7. changeable 解析：形容词作表语，change（变化）→ changeable（多变的）。 8. but 解析：前后语义转折，春秋温暖，但是夏天炎热、冬天寒冷，用转折连词 but。 9. stopped 解析：20 years ago 为一般过去时，stop 过去式 stopped。 10. efforts 解析：their 后接名词，effort 表“多份努力”常用复数 efforts。 11. greatly 解析：副词修饰动词 increased，great → greatly（极大地）。 12. are 解析：there be 句型，后面 birds 为复数，be 动词用 are。 13. to keep 解析：动词不定式作目的状语，厚羽毛用来保暖。 14. Birds 解析：“鸟类的天堂”，用复数 birds，专有名词首字母大写。 15. wetland’s 解析：名词所有格作定语，湿地的水源营养丰富。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026春季新版八年级下册译林版英语Unit 8 A green world 重点词汇、词性转换、短语、句型专项练习 单元重点词性转换、短语、句型默写 一、词性转换。 1．reduce (第三人称单数) ________；(过去式) ________ 2．reuse (名词：再利用) ________；(现在分词) ________ 3．recycle (过去式) ________；(名词：回收利用)________ 4．protect (名词：保护) ________；(过去式) ________ 5．pollution (动词：污染) ________；(形容词：被污染的) ________ 6．waste (形容词：废弃的) ________；(过去式：浪费) ________ 7．energy (形容词：有能量的) ________；(复数) ________ 8．plastic (名词：塑料制品，复数) ________；(动词：用塑料包装) ________ 9．separate (名词：分开；隔离) ________；(过去式) ________ 10．allow (过去式) ________；(形容词：允许的) ________ 11．punish (名词：惩罚) ________；(过去式) ________ 12．wise (副词：明智地) ________；(名词：智慧) ________ 13．produce (名词：产品) ________；(过去式) ________ 14．difference (形容词：不同的) ________；(动词：不同于) ________ 15．rich (反义词：贫穷的 adj.) ________；(副词：丰富地) ________ 二、短语翻译。 1．有高山和清澈湛蓝的湖泊 ________ 2．被分成不同的组 ________ 3．废物回收水平 ________ 4．总废物 ________ 5．回收衣服的组织 ________ 6．收集旧衣服 ________ 7．慈善商店 ________ 8．被送往工厂回收 ________ 9．保护环境的法律 ________ 10．砍伐树木 ________ 11．控制空气和水污染 _________ 12．违反这些规定 ________ 13．受到惩罚 ________ 14．在公共场所乱扔垃圾 ________ 15．被警察罚款 ________ 16．宝贵的财富 ________ 17．依靠其丰富的资源生存 ________ 18．明智地保护它 ________ 19．太阳能、风能和水能 ________ 20．新型能源 ________ 21．用完；耗尽 ________ 22．产生很少污染 ________ 23．组织许多活动和事件 ________ 24．产生影响；发挥作用 ________ 25．一个宜居的好地方 _________ 26．市民们的努力 ________ 27．多年来；这些年来 ________ 28．以不同方式处理垃圾 ________ 29．自行车道 ________ 30．骑自行车出行 ________ 31．使用不洁净的燃料 _________ 32．同时；与此同时 ________ 专项训练 三、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1．________ (recycle) is very important for us to protect our environment. 2．If you break the rules, you ________ (punish) by the teacher. 3．How to use ________ (electric) safely has become general knowledge in our class. 4．People use too many plastic bags and throw them away. It is ________ (harm) to our environment. 5．We should use the natural resources ________ (wise). 6．We can easily ________ (separate) fresh fruits from rotten ones before storing them at home. 7．You will ________ (success) finish all your tasks if you keep working hard. 8．Over 60,000 tons of nuclear-contaminated water ________ (pour) into the sea by Japan since Aug. 24, 2023. 9．I think we should do something to stop the factory ________ (pollute) the air. 10．The sudden heavy rain ________ (cause) many serious natural disasters in mountainous areas last year. 11．The naughty kids ________ (break) some delicate glass bottles when they played indoors just now. 12．It’s time for the government ________ (deal) with the waste from those factories. 13．You ________ (praise) if you are seen turning off the lights in an empty room. 14．—Mum, when shall we visit the solar farm? —Not until the safety rules ________ (explain) in ten minutes. 15．What action will be taken ________ (prevent) people from polluting the Taihu Lake? 16．—Is everyone here for the “no plastic” campaign? —Not yet. Look, here ________ (come) the rest of the volunteers. 17．All these second-hand clothes ________ (donate) to the charity for reuse last Friday. 18．What do you think ________ (discuss) about environmental protection at tomorrow’s meeting? 19．The calligraphy brushes my uncle brought from Xuancheng, Anhui yesterday ________ (write) quite smoothly. 20．Sunshine School ________ (hold) an “Energy-Saving” poster design activity for its own students at the moment. 21．For most of us, learning not to do things we’re used to ________ (require) great effort. 22．Good waste ________ (manage) helps our city Wuxi become cleaner and greener every year. 23．I am busy with plenty of homework every day, so I ________ (hard) have time for outdoor activities. 24．The powerful typhoon ________ (damage) lots of houses and farm crops in the countryside last month. 25．If more money is raised in the charity show next month, more schools ________ (set) up to provide basic education for the children in poor areas. 26．We can save energy by ________ (reuse) the waste. 27．Don’t ________ (pour) dirty waste water into rivers or lakes around our living places. 28．Trees can help keep the air clean by ________ (take) in CO₂ and producing oxygen. 29．It aims ________ (highlight) the importance of environmental protection. 30.The endangered wild birds in this area ________ (protect) by the local government in the new reserve. 四、根据汉语提示完成单词。 1．According to reports from the 2025 World Smart Industry Expo, a wide range of AI devices including ________ (电子的) pets are making their way into everyday households. 2．We depend on natural ________ (资源) to live, so we should make good use of them. 3．Always recycle ________ (电池). One from the thrown-away phones can pollute 500 litres of water. 4．The laboratory uses advanced ________ (化学的) processes to purify water. 5．Farmers grow different kinds of crops in the rich ________ (土壤). 6．In a panel discussion, EY’s Jim Doucette said younger consumers in the US and China increasingly prefer ________ (环保的) products. 7．Too much pressure can ________ (导致) many health problems. 8．If we drop litter in a public place, we’ll be ________ (罚款) by the police. 9．Some ________ (海鸟) have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying areas. 10．To make sure of food safety, the Chinese government has decided to make ________ (严格的) laws. 11．The famous block toy company held the Build and Talk activities offline in China to help parents and children prevent too much screen time from ________ (影响) children’s eyes. 12．The zoo needed better ________ (管理) rather than more money. 13．We saw many ________ (海报) about environmental protection at the park entrance. 14．His English ________ (水平) has improved greatly this term. 15．If you spend your pocket money ________ (明智地), you can save enough money. 16．They had enough ________ (燃料) to see the winter out. 17．Many travellers carry reusable items to avoid relying on ________ (供一次使用的) products during trips. 18．Please ________ (分开) the good apples from the bad ones. 19．Anyone who ________ (违犯) the environmental rules will be educated and made to fix the problem. 20．The ________ (全部的) number of our eco-club members is 200. 21．Shops that give out free plastic bags may be ________ (对……处以罚款) by the local government. 22．As public waste increases, governments are thinking about ________ (控制) single-use plastic production. 23．To save money, he always buys ________ (二手的) books online. 24．Burning fuels like oil, coal and ________ (天然气) causes global warming and pollution. 25．It is wasteful to throw away glass and paper, so every class collects them for ________ (回收利用). 26．The energy is clean and won’t ________ (污染) the air, which is good for the environment. 27．Pay attention to your own ________ (进步) rather than others’ results. 28．We should take ________ (行动) to save our home. 29．We should ________ (节约) energy in our daily life. 30.Plastic bags are ________ (有害的) to our earth. 五、句子翻译。 1．如果我们携手合作，就能带来巨大改变，创造更美好的未来。 If we ________ ________, we can make a big ________ and ________ a better ________. 2．中国正在努力减少沙漠面积。 ________ is making ________ to ________ its ________ ________. 3．每个人的行动都会对环境产生影响。 Everyone’s actions can ________ ________ ________ to the environment. 4．根据联合国的数据，在过去的40年里，地球上近30%的土地都存在荒漠化问题。 ________ ________ the United Nations, in the last 40 years, desertification has been a problem across almost 30% of the earth’s land. 5．如果我们都遵循这些简单的步骤，我们可以做出很大的改变，享受一个更绿色的世界！ If we all ________ ________ ________ ________, we can ________ ________ ________ ________ and enjoy a greener world! 6．此外，我们可以通过拒绝一次性塑料袋和塑料瓶来减少污染。 ________ ________, we can reduce pollution by saying no to ________ ________ ________ and plastic bottles. 7．我们还应该收集电池和电子产品回收利用。 We should also collect batteries and ________ ________ ________ ________. 8．这很简单，你只需要记住三个词：减少，再利用，回收。 It’s easy, and you only have to remember three words: ________, ________, ________. 9．例如，我们可以捐赠旧衣服或书籍给慈善机构，在二手商店购物。 For example, we can donate old clothes or books to charities and ________ ________ ________ ________. 10．我们所有人都将有机会思考我们周围的世界。 All of us will ________ ________ ________ to think about the world around us. 11．如果我们都遵循这些简单的步骤，就能带来巨大改变，共享一个更绿色的世界！ If we all ________ these simple ________, we can make a big ________ and ________ a ________ ________! 12．最后是回收利用。核心在于正确处理废弃物。 Finally, ________. It’s all about ________ with ________ ________ ________. 13．人们必须将垃圾分类，以便进行不同方式地处理。 ________ have to ________ their ________ so it can be ________ with ________. 14．这些能源几乎不产生污染，而且取之不尽、用之不竭。 These types of ________ produce little ________ and will never ________ ________. 15．我们依靠丰富的自然资源生存，因此明智地保护它对我们至关重要。 We depend on its rich natural ________ to ________, so it is important for us to ________ it ________. 六、短文填空，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s a huge and beautiful wetland. Here, you can see green reeds (芦苇) wave under 1．________ sky. You can smell the fresh smell of the water plants. Welcome 2．________ the Poyang Lake Wetland! The name “Poyang Lake” is well-known in China. It is 3．________ (locate) in Jiangxi Province. Poyang Lake Wetland is one of the 4．________ (large) freshwater wetlands in Asia. It provides a habitat for a large number of wild animals and plants. Every year, many birdwatchers and photographers 5．________ different cities come here. They wear hats, long boots and carry telescopes. Boats are their tools for 6．________ (explore). The weather there is 7．________ (change). It is warm in spring and autumn, 8．________ hot in summer and cold in winter. In summer, the water level may rise a lot. Poyang Lake in China is an important place for birds. Local people have worked hard to protect it. They 9．________ (stop) fishing there 20 years ago. Thanks to their 10．________ (effort), the number of birds has increased 11．________ (great). There 12．________ (be) various birds in the wetland. Not all birds can stay here all year round, although you can see some swans. Swans have thick feathers 13．________ (keep) them warm in cold weather. They are very elegant and a beautiful scene in the wetland. People call Poyang Lake Wetland “the Paradise of 14．________ (bird)”. There are also many fish in the lake. The 15．________ (wetland) water is rich in nutrients, which allows the fish to grow well. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $