Unit 6 Living with nature重难清单+强化训练（外研版）2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末单元复习重难清单+强化训练

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(外研版2024) Unit 6 Living with nature 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化训练 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 1.核心词汇 guide v. 指引；指导 例句：The solar terms guide people's farming work.节气指引人们的农事劳作。 follow v. 遵循；跟随 例句：We should follow the laws of nature.我们应该遵循自然规律。 react v. 做出反应；回应 例句：Farmers know how to react to weather changes.农民知道如何应对天气变化。 share v. 分享；共用 例句：People share their memories about the 24 Solar Terms online.人们在网上分享关于二十四节气的回忆。 celebrate v. 庆祝 例句：We celebrate the Start of Winter with dumplings.我们吃饺子庆祝立冬。 disappear v. 消失 例句：The ancient calendar never disappears in our life.古老的历法从未在我们的生活中消失。 survive v. 生存；存活 例句：Local people survive in the hot desert.当地人在炎热的沙漠中生存。 invent v. 发明；创造 例句：Ancient people invented the karez system.古人发明了坎儿井系统。 protect v. 保护 例句：Young people try to protect the old water system.年轻人努力保护这套古老的水利系统。 require v. 需要；要求 例句：Climate change makes people require clean energy.气候变化让人们需要清洁能源。 charge v. 充电 例句：We can charge phones with solar energy.我们可以用太阳能给手机充电。 complete v. 完成 例句：People completed the project with hand tools.人们靠手工工具完成了这项工程。 popular adj. 受欢迎的；流行的 例句：The paintings about solar terms are very popular.关于节气的画作大受欢迎。 ancient adj. 古老的；古代的 例句：The 24 Solar Terms is ancient Chinese wisdom.二十四节气是中国古老的智慧。 dry adj. 干燥的 例句：Turpan is a very dry place in China.吐鲁番是中国一个十分干旱的地方。 terrible adj. 恶劣的；糟糕的 例句：Turpan has a terrible natural climate.吐鲁番的自然气候十分恶劣。 underground adj. 地下的 例句：There are many underground canals in Turpan.吐鲁番有很多地下沟渠。 close adj. 密切的；亲近的 例句：Humans have a close relationship with nature.人类与自然关系密切。 lively adj. 活泼的；生机勃勃的 例句：Lively birds sing in the trees every morning.每天清晨，活泼的鸟儿在树上歌唱。 modern adj. 现代的 例句：We use solar energy in a modern way now.如今我们以现代化的方式利用太阳能。 2.核心短语 live with nature 与自然共处 例句：We learn how to live with nature in this unit.本单元我们学习如何与自然共处。 natural resources 自然资源 例句：We must make good use of natural resources.我们必须合理利用自然资源。 live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐共处 例句：Chinese people have long lived in harmony with nature.中国人长久以来与自然和谐共处。 daily life 日常生活 例句：Solar terms are part of people's daily life.节气是人们日常生活的一部分。 farming activities 农事活动 例句：The 24 Solar Terms guide all farming activities.二十四节气指引各类农事活动。 grow up 长大；成长 例句：I grew up in a village in Shandong.我在山东的一个乡村长大。 take an interest in 对……产生兴趣 例句：Young people take a new interest in traditional culture.年轻人重新对传统文化产生了兴趣。 divide time 划分时间 例句：Ancient people used solar terms to divide time.古人用节气来划分时间。 social and cultural meanings 社会与文化内涵 例句：Each solar term has special social and cultural meanings.每个节气都有独特的社会与文化内涵。 traditional activities 传统活动 例句：We hold traditional activities on different solar terms.我们在不同节气举办传统活动。 natural laws 自然规律 例句：Everyone should follow natural laws.所有人都应遵守自然规律。 solar energy 太阳能 例句：Solar energy is clean and useful energy.太阳能是清洁又实用的能源。 climate change 气候变化 例句：Climate change affects the whole world.气候变化影响着全世界。 water shortage 水资源短缺 例句：Many places are facing serious water shortage.很多地方正面临严重的水资源短缺。 hand tools 手工工具 例句：Workers only used hand tools in ancient times.古时候人们只使用手工工具。 underground canals 地下沟渠 例句：Underground canals keep water away from heat.地下沟渠让水源远离高温。 Fifth Great Invention 第五大发明 例句：The 24 Solar Terms is called the Fifth Great Invention of China.二十四节气被称为中国第五大发明。 Grain in Ear 芒种 例句：Villagers are busy cutting wheat on Grain in Ear.芒种时节村民们忙着收割小麦。 Start of Spring 立春 例句：People eat spring pancakes on Start of Spring.人们立春时吃春饼。 Start of Winter 立冬 例句：Eating dumplings is a custom on Start of Winter.吃饺子是立冬的习俗。 react to 应对；对……作出反应 例句：Plants react to the change of seasons.植物会对季节变化作出反应。 move away from 远离 例句：Now many people move away from farming.如今很多人不再从事农业劳作。 carry into the future 传承至未来 例句：We will carry the old culture into the future.我们会将古老文化传承至未来。 make choices 做出选择 例句：We should make cleaner energy choices.我们应当选择清洁能源。 take action 采取行动 例句：We take action to protect natural heritage.我们采取行动保护自然遗产。 3.核心句型 We have a close relationship with nature.我们与自然有着密切的联系。 Let's explore the relationship between nature and us.让我们探索人与自然的关系。 The 24 Solar Terms meant so much to local villagers.二十四节气对当地村民意义重大。 The changes of the terms guided both their farming activities and daily lives.节气的变化指引着他们的农事与日常生活。 I always feel excited when a new term is set to begin.每当一个新节气将至，我总会感到兴奋。 I longed to share these feelings in my paintings and poems.我渴望用画作和诗歌分享这份感受。 They help people understand why nature works this way.它们帮助人们明白自然为何如此运转。 Many solar terms bear social and cultural meanings.许多节气都蕴含着社会与文化内涵。 Do you know where the real Flaming Mountains are?你知道真正的火焰山在哪里吗？ It is one of the driest places in China.它是中国最干旱的地区之一。 How do people survive in such a terrible climate?人们如何在如此恶劣的气候中生存？ The secret lies in the ancient karez system.秘诀就在于古老的坎儿井系统。 Water runs underground and stays cool all the time.水流在地下流淌，始终保持清凉。 Thanks to the karez system, people can grow plants here.多亏了坎儿井系统，人们才能在这里种植作物。 The area is now facing a serious water shortage.这片区域如今正面临严重的水资源短缺。 More and more young people are taking action to protect it.越来越多年轻人行动起来保护它。 Today people use solar energy in a modern way.如今人们以现代化的方式利用太阳能。 It's important for us to know what will happen on the sea.了解海上将会发生什么对我们来说很重要。 By understanding the laws of nature, we can live more safely.了解自然规律，我们就能生活得更安稳。 We should learn how to live in harmony with nature.我们应当学会与自然和谐共处。 4.单元语法：宾语从句（由what/where/how/why/when引导） 1.基本定义 由特殊疑问词 what, where, how, why, when 引导的从句，放在及物动词、介词、be sure/curious about 等结构后，充当句子的宾语，即特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。 2.核心规则 （1）语序：必须使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），不能用疑问语序。 错误：I don't know where do they live. 正确：I don't know where they live.（我不知道他们住在哪里。） （2）时态：主句为一般过去时，从句时态对应变为过去的某种时态（主过从过）；主句为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际语境变化。 例句：I didn't know how popular the paintings would become.（主句过去时，从句用过去将来时 我当时不知道这些画作会变得多么受欢迎。） 例句：We know why nature works this way.（主句现在时，从句用一般现在时 我们明白自然为何如此运转。） （3）引导词：what（什么）、where（哪里）、how（如何/多么）、why（为什么）、when（何时），引导词在从句中充当成分，不可省略。 例句：Do you know when we celebrate Major Snow?（你知道我们什么时候过大雪节气吗？） 5.阅读/写作必备词句 1.必备词汇 harmony 和谐，wisdom 智慧，traditional 传统的，heritage 遗产，resource 资源，environment 环境，ancient 古老的，develop 发展，balance 平衡，culture 文化 2.必备句式 Humans and nature should live in peace.人类与自然应和平共处。 Traditional culture is a treasure of our nation.传统文化是我们民族的瑰宝。 We need to keep the balance between humans and nature.我们需要维持人与自然之间的平衡。 Ancient wisdom still works in modern life.古老的智慧在现代生活中依旧发挥作用。 Protecting nature is protecting ourselves.保护自然就是保护我们自己。 We should make good use of natural resources.我们应当合理利用自然资源。 This ancient project shows people's love for nature.这项古老工程体现了人们对自然的热爱。 More people begin to pay attention to environmental protection.更多人开始关注环境保护。 Following natural laws brings us a better life.遵循自然规律能让我们拥有更好的生活。 We will pass down our traditional culture from generation to generation.我们会将传统文化代代相传。 6.写作范文 (写作主题：人与自然和谐共处） The 24 Solar Terms is a great example of humans living in harmony with nature. It is an ancient Chinese wisdom and also known as the Fifth Great Invention of China. Long ago, most villagers lived by farming. The 24 Solar Terms guided their farming activities and daily lives. People followed the changes of nature and did things at the right time. They also created many traditional customs and food cultures for different solar terms, such as eating dumplings on Start of Winter and spring pancakes on Start of Spring. These cultures have stayed in our daily life for thousands of years. Nowadays, fewer people work on farms, but the 24 Solar Terms are still popular, especially among young people. Many people share paintings, poems and stories about solar terms online. It not only helps us understand the rules of nature, but also lets us keep our traditional culture alive. From the 24 Solar Terms, we learn that we must respect nature and follow its laws. Only when we get along well with nature can we live a happy and long life. We should carry this ancient wisdom forward forever. 译文: 二十四节气是人与自然和谐共处的典范。它是中国古老的智慧，也被誉为中国第五大发明。 很久以前，大多数村民以务农为生。二十四节气指引着他们的农事活动与日常生活。人们顺应自然的变化，在合适的时节劳作生活。人们还为不同节气创造了诸多传统习俗与饮食文化，比如立冬吃饺子、立春吃春饼。这些文化在我们的生活中延续了数千年。 如今，从事农业的人变少了，但二十四节气依旧备受欢迎，年轻人更是喜爱有加。许多人在网上分享和节气相关的画作、诗歌与故事。它不仅帮助我们读懂自然的规律，也让传统文化得以传承。 从二十四节气中我们明白，必须尊重自然、顺应自然规律。唯有与自然友好相处，我们才能拥有幸福长久的生活。我们应当将这份古老的智慧永远传承下去。 ◇Part 02 单元综合检测试卷 Unit 6 单元综合检测试题 一、单项选择 1．Our teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．to travel C．travelling D．travelled 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们的老师告诉我们光比声音传播快。 travels传播（第三人称单数）；to travel去传播（不定式）；travelling传播（现在分词）；travelled传播（过去式）。虽然主句“Our teacher told us”是一般过去时，但从句内容“光比声音传播快”是客观真理，不受主句时态影响，需用一般现在时。主语light是第三人称单数，谓语动词用travels。 2．My supervisor mentioned he ________ cutting-edge AI technologies when I consulted him about the thesis last month. A．explored B．was exploring C．has explored D．had explored 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上个月我就论文请教导师时，导师提到他已经研究过前沿人工智能技术。 主句mentioned为过去时，从句表示上个月咨询时正在研究，用过去进行时。 3．Can you tell me ________ the library is? A．what B．where C．when D．how 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？ where表示“地点”，符合“问图书馆在哪里”的逻辑。what表内容，when表时间，how表方式，均与地点无关。故选B。 4．I don’t know ________ with my watch. It doesn’t work. A．what wrong is B．what’s wrong C．what wrong was D．what was wrong 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我不知道我的手表怎么了，它不走了。 what wrong is语序错误；what’s wrong怎么了；what wrong was语序错误；what was wrong（过去时）。根据“It doesn’t work”可知句子为一般现在时，且宾语从句中what’s wrong本身为陈述语序，无需调整，因此选B，符合语境。 5．—Mum, I want to buy a new toy car made of plastic. ________ you please refuse me this time? —Good idea! We should choose toys made of recycled materials.  You ________ learn to make environmentally-friendly choices. A．Could; should B．Should; must C．Must; should D．Could; mustn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我想买一辆新的塑料玩具车。这次你会拒绝我吗？——好主意！我们应该选择由回收材料制成的玩具。你应该学会做出环保的选择。 第一空表示委婉的请求，常用固定句型“Could you please...?”；第二空根据上文建议可知此处表示“应该”，用should。 6．Could you please tell me ________ to get to the nearest underground station? A．how B．what C．which D．where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你能告诉我怎样到达最近的地铁站吗？ how怎样；what什么；which哪一个；where哪里。根据句中“to get to the nearest underground station”可知，此处询问的是到达地铁站的方式，应填how。 7．—________ Mr Yang’s help, my math has improved a lot. — And you’re more confident about it. A．Different from B．Instead of C．Thanks to D．Look forward to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——多亏杨老师的帮助，我的数学进步了很多。——而且你对它更自信了。 Different from与……不同；Instead of代替、而不是；Thanks to多亏了、由于；Look forward to期待、盼望。根据“my maths has improved a lot”可知，数学进步了，结合句意可知此处表示由于某人的帮助。Thanks to表示原因，符合语境。 8．—I hear many people are longing to go and experience the amazing live concert of that famous singer. —Really? Where did you ________ the news? A．pick up B．set up C．take up D．make up 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我听说很多人都渴望去亲身体验那位著名歌手那场精彩的现场演唱会。——真的吗？你从哪里得到这个消息的？ pick up捡起，获得，得到；set up建立；take up开始从事；make up编造。根据答句询问“你从哪里得到这个消息的”可知，此处应填pick up，表示“获得，得到”。 9．It’s ________ to leave the water running while washing hands. We should develop the habit of saving water. A．careful B．brave C．careless D．polite 【答案】C 【解析】句意：洗手时让水流着是粗心的。我们应该养成节约用水的习惯。 careful小心的；brave勇敢的；careless粗心的；polite有礼貌的。根据后句“We should develop the habit of saving water.”可知，我们要养成节约用水的习惯，所以洗手时让水流着是不好的行为，是粗心的。 10．London, which used to be known ________“the foggy city”, is famous ________its various places of interest. A．for; as B．as; for C．for; for D．as; as 【答案】B 【解析】句意：伦敦，过去被称为“雾都”，因其各种名胜古迹而闻名。 be known as意为“作为……而闻名/被称为”，后接名称或身份；be famous for意为“因……而闻名”，后接原因或特点。根据句意，第一空后是称号“the foggy city”，故用as；第二空后是闻名原因“its various places of interest”，故用for。 11．There are about three ________ teachers and ________ students in this high school. A．hundreds of; thousand B．hundred; thousand of C．hundred; thousands of D．hundred of; thousand 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这所高中大约有三百名教师和数千名学生。 hundred, thousand 等词前面有具体数字时，用单数形式，不加 of；前面没有具体数字，表示概数时，用复数形式加 of。第一空前面有具体数字 three，所以用 hundred；第二空前面无数字，表示虚数“数千”，所以用 thousands of。 12．The new library will _______ the whole community by providing more books and space. A．benefit B．respect C．compare D．describe 【答案】A 【解析】句意：新图书馆将通过提供更多的书籍和空间来使整个社区受益。 benefit使受益；respect尊重；compare比较；describe描述。根据“by providing more books and space”可知，提供书籍和空间是对社区有好处的行为，benefit符合语境。 13．It’s important to learn some basic skills to ______ in the wild. A．survive B．survival C．survived D．surviving 【答案】A 【解析】句意：学习一些基本技能以便在野外生存是很重要的。 survive生存（动词原形）；survival生存（名词）；survived生存（过去式/过去分词）；surviving生存（现在分词/动名词）。根据“to...in the wild”可知，此处是动词不定式表目的，不定式符号to后接动词原形。 14．It is our duty to _______ the environment and keep our city clean. A．protect B．pollute C．destroy D．waste 【答案】A 【解析】句意：保护环境并保持我们的城市清洁是我们的责任。 protect保护；pollute污染；destroy破坏；waste浪费。根据“keep our city clean”可知要保持城市清洁，推测出我们要保护环境。 15．It is very hot in summer here, _______ in July and August. A．especially B．probably C．hardly D．recently 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这里夏天很热，尤其是在七月和八月。 especially尤其，特别；probably可能；hardly几乎不；recently最近。根据“It is very hot in summer here”及“in July and August”可知，七月和八月是夏天的一部分，此处用来强调这两个月天气更热，符合语境。 16．It’s great to see that people from different cultures can live _______ with each other in this city. A．in harmony B．in person C．in surprise D．in fear 【答案】A 【解析】句意：很高兴看到来自不同文化的人们能在这座城市里和彼此和睦共处。 in harmony和谐，和睦；in person亲自，亲身；in surprise惊讶地；in fear害怕地，恐惧地。根据题干“来自不同文化的人们共同居住在这座城市”的语境，此处表达和睦相处的含义，应填in harmony。 17．We should try our best to live in _______ with nature to make the earth a better place. A．harmony B．danger C．silence D．public 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们应该尽最大努力与自然和谐相处，使地球成为一个更好的地方。 harmony和谐；danger危险；silence沉默；public公众。根据“to make the earth a better place”可知，为了使地球更好，人类应与自然和谐共处，固定搭配live in harmony with意为“与……和谐相处”。 18．It’s important to _______ quickly when you are in danger. A．react B．receive C．realize D．relax 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当你处于危险中时，快速反应是很重要的。 react反应；receive收到；realize意识到；relax放松。根据“when you are in danger”可知，遇到危险时重要的是快速做出“反应”。 19．It’s everyone’s responsibility to ________ wildlife from being hunted illegally. A．protect B．produce C．pollute D．provide 【答案】A 【解析】句意：保护野生动物免受非法捕猎是每个人的责任。 protect保护；produce生产；pollute污染；provide提供。考查动词辨析。根据“wildlife from being hunted illegally”可知，野生动物面临非法捕猎的危险，因此需要“保护”，且 protect...from...为固定搭配，意为“保护……免受……”。 20．—Where is your father? —He ________ Beijing. He will be back in three days. A．has been to B．has gone to C．have been to D．have gone to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你父亲在哪里？——他去了北京。他三天后回来 主语He为第三人称单数，助动词应用has；has been to表示去过某地（已回来），has gone to表示去了某地（未回来）。根据“He will be back in three days.”可知，父亲尚未回来，应用has gone to。 二、完形填空 Everyone knows that the largest desert in the world is the Sahara Desert in Africa. But there is another desert that many people don’t 21 . It’s the Gobi Desert in Asia, and it’s the largest cold winter desert in the world. Although the Gobi Desert is not as hot as the Sahara, it has a very 22 environment with extreme temperature changes. The Mongolians (蒙古人) and Chinese have lived near the desert for thousands of years, and it has a 23 of over 5,000 years. People use the resources in the Gobi Desert to 24 energy. At certain times of the year, strong winds blow across the desert, creating the famous “singing sands” wonder. So before you visit, the most 25 thing is to prepare warm clothes and protective gear (护具) If you want to 26 the Gobi Desert, don’t go in January. January is the coldest 27 in Mongolia, and most roads are blocked by snow. It means there will be too many 28 . It’s better to go in May or September. At this time, you can enjoy the unique landscape and take 29 photos. There are many local yurts (蒙古包) in the area. They 30 traditional Mongolian food and places to stay. Don’t forget to experience the nomadic (游牧) culture yourself! 21．A．believe B．like C．know D．visit 22．A．clean B．cold C．beautiful D．hard 23．A．history B．story C．number D．population 24．A．waste B．produce C．save D．use 25．A．strange B．difficult C．interesting D．important 26．A．explain B．explore C．protect D．share 27．A．season B．day C．place D．month 28．A．ways B．people C．problems D．words 29．A．cheaper B．fewer C．larger D．nicer 30．A．serve B．choose C．change D．receive 【答案】 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．C 29．D 30．A 【解析】本文介绍戈壁沙漠的环境、历史与资源，重点给出旅游建议，提醒游客做好准备，选合适时间前往体验游牧文化。 21．句意：但还有另一个许多人不知道的沙漠。 前文提到人人都知道撒哈拉沙漠，这里用转折说明很多人不了解戈壁沙漠，因此用know（了解）。believe（相信）、like（喜欢）、visit（参观）均不符合语境。 22．句意：它有一个非常艰苦的环境，气温变化极端。 后文提到极端的温度变化，说明环境是hard（恶劣的）。clean（干净的）、cold（寒冷的）、beautiful（美丽的）均无法概括戈壁的整体环境特点。 23．句意：它有超过 5000 年的历史。 前文提到数千年的居住历史，因此选history（历史）。story（故事）、number（数字）、population（人口）均不符合语境。 24．句意：人们利用戈壁沙漠的资源来生产能源。 根据“use resources”，可知目的是产生或生产能源。produce energy意为“生产能源”，符合语境。waste（浪费）、save（节约）、use（使用）均不符合 “利用资源” 的逻辑。 25．句意：最重要的事情是准备暖和的衣服和护具。 戈壁环境恶劣，保暖和防护是important（重要的）准备事项。strange（奇怪的）、difficult（困难的）、interesting（有趣的）均不符合语境。 26．句意：如果你想探索戈壁沙漠，不要在一月去。 后文介绍了旅行的时间建议，说明这里是想explore（探索）沙漠。explain（解释）、protect（保护）、share（分享）均不符合语境。 27．句意：一月是蒙古最冷的月份。 前文提到的“January” 是月份，因此选month（月份）。season（季节）、day（天）、place（地方）均不符合。 28．句意：这意味着会有太多问题。 道路被雪封住，会带来很多麻烦，因此选problems（问题 / 麻烦）。ways（方式）、people（人）、words（话语）均不符合语境。 29．句意：你可以欣赏独特景观并拍更好的照片。 五月或九月的天气和风景更适合拍照，因此能拍出nicer（更好的）照片。cheaper（更便宜的）、fewer（更少的）、larger（更大的）均不符合语境。 30．句意：它们提供传统蒙古食物和住宿地方。 蒙古包会提供食物和住宿服务，serve符合题意。choose（选择）、change（改变）、receive（接收）均不符合语境。 三、阅读理解 A Landforms are the different shapes of the Earth’s surface. They make our planet look incredibly diverse and beautiful. Understanding landforms helps us know more about our amazing planet. Hello from different landforms We are mountains. We are tall, rising high above the ground. Some have peaks that reach into the clouds. We are often formed when the Earth’s tectonic plates push against each other. We are another interesting landform. We are the low areas between mountains or hills. Rivers usually run through us. These rivers play a big role in shaping us over a long period of time. We are desert. We’re dry landforms. We get very little rainfalls. But we are not just empty sand. There are unique plants like cacti that can survive in this harsh environment. We are plains. We’re large, flat areas. We cover a lot of space and are very rich. This makes us perfect for growing crops. Many people live on us because it’s easy to build houses and farms. 31．What’s another interesting landform? A． B． C． D． 32．What are the facts about desert? ①Little rainfall    ②Many crops    ③Only empty sand    ④Unique plants A．①④ B．②④ C．②③ D．①③ 33．Why are plains good for growing crops? A．Because they are flat. B．Because they are open. C．Because they are rich. D．Because they are large. 34．Where can you read the passage? A．A story book. B．A travel guidebook. C．A science book. D．A geography magazine. 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 【解析】本文以第一人称自述的方式介绍了山地、山谷、沙漠、平原四种不同的地貌类型及其特征。 31．由“We are another interesting landform. We are the low areas between mountains or hills”（我们是山脉或丘陵之间的低洼区域。河流通常流经我们。）可知，该地貌是山谷，B项图片符合题意。 32．由“We desert... get very little rainfalls... There are unique plants like cacti”可知，沙漠的特点是降雨量少（①）和拥有独特的植物（④）。 33．由“We plains... are very rich. This makes us perfect for growing crops”可知，平原适合种植农作物是因为它们肥沃。 34．本文介绍地球表面的不同地貌及其特征，属于地理知识，因此最可能出现在地理杂志上。 B Plitvice Lakes National Park in Croatia was set up in 1949 and is a UNESCO World Heritage site. It covers over 296 square kilometres and is visited by almost two million people a year. Its name comes from the Croatian word for “shallow” because of its unusual shallow lakes. Visitors are amazed by the brightly coloured lakes and waterfalls in shades of blue, green and grey. The colours change often, depending on the minerals or organisms in the water and the angle of sunlight. There are 12 upper lakes and 4 lower ones, connected by a river system. There are about eight different trails, from 3 to 18 kilometres. Some include a boat trip across the Kozjak Lake. Most trails are well-marked, so you can’t get lost. Hikers say it’s like visiting a wonderland. The park has over 1,200 plant types. Many plants and 50 mammal types are protected, including brown bears and grey wolves. There are also at least 321 butterfly types! Different groups have lived here for thousands of years. Under Julius Caesar, it became part of the Roman Empire. Even today, 19 villages in the park keep traditional customs, wear Croatian costumes, and give dance shows. 35．What is special about the lakes’ colours? A．They are always bright blue. B．They are the same all year round. C．They change based on several factors. D．They are man-made. 36．What can we learn about the park’s trails? A．They are all very long. B．They are easy to follow. C．They all include a boat trip. D．They are only for experienced hikers. 37．The park is also home to many plants, animals, and ________. A．modern cities B．large factories C．historical villages D．amusement parks 38．What is the best title for the passage? A．A History of Croatia B．A Natural and Cultural Wonder C．Tips for Hiking Safely D．The Animals of Plitvice Lakes 【答案】35．C 36．B 37．C 38．B 【解析】本文介绍了克罗地亚的普利特维采湖群国家公园的自然景观、生物多样性及历史文化。 35．第二段指出：“The colours change often, depending on the minerals or organisms in the water and the angle of sunlight.”，说明湖水的颜色根据多种因素变化。 36．第三段指出：“Most trails are well-marked, so you can’t get lost.”，说明小路标记清晰，容易跟随。 37．第五段指出：“19 villages in the park keep traditional customs”，说明公园里还有历史村落。 38．全文围绕公园的自然和文化特色展开。 C I’m a traveller in the sky. The wind is my guide, and it takes me on journeys. Right now, as the morning light passes through my body, I’m flying above the mountains of Zhangjiajie. The rock called Qiankun Column (柱) catches my eye first. It’s about 150 metres high—so high that I can touch it! Its special shape also surprises me. It’s like a huge stone sword (石剑) pointing to the sky. Below, there are many trees around so the rock stands out more. I move on and see Gold Whip Stream. It goes through a large forest and people say it’s home to all kinds of birds. Look! There’s a golden pheasant (红腹锦鸡). It’s looking at itself in the water! Its body is a mix of bright red, gold, yellow and green. The beautiful colours make the water even livelier. Suddenly, the sun disappears when I’m flying forward. I see people building a traditional house. I want to take a closer look, so I become rain and fall slowly. It’s a Tujia stilt house, like a treehouse, but not in the tree. The bottom part has no walls, and the top part is where people live. This stops the water from coming in. What’s more, in Tujia culture, no one builds a stilt house alone. People in the same village come together to help. This tradition makes building easier and connects people with each other closely. When the moon climbs over the mountains, it’s time for me to leave Zhangjiajie. However, I will never forget this magical land—its sights, its animals and its culture. 39．What makes Qiankun Column special to “me”? A．Its shape. B．Its colour. C．Its name. D．Its history. 40．Which of the following do “I” see according to Paragraph 3? A． B． C． D． 41．Which of the following about the Tujia stilt house is TRUE? A．People build it in the tree. B．It’s a place to collect water. C．People live in its bottom part. D．It brings local people closer. 42．What might “I” be in the text? A．A rock. B．A bird. C．The cloud. D．The wind. 【答案】39．A 40．B 41．D 42．C 【解析】本文是一篇拟人化的写景记叙文，以云的视角，带领读者“游览”张家界的风光、动物与土家族吊脚楼文化。 39．第二段“Its special shape also surprises me.”，说明乾坤柱最让“我”惊讶的是它独特的形状。 40．第三段“There’s a golden pheasant. It’s looking at itself in the water!”红腹锦鸡正在水边照镜子，对应选项B的画面。 41．第四段“This tradition makes building easier and connects people with each other closely.”说明吊脚楼的建造传统让村民关系更紧密。 42．第一段“The wind is my guide, and it takes me on journeys.”和第四段“I become rain and fall slowly”，说明“我”能随风飞行、能变成雨落下，最符合的是云。 D Jiuzhaigou, located in Sichuan Province, is one of the most beautiful natural places in China. It became a World Natural Heritage Site (世界自然遗产地) in 1992, famous for its colourful lakes, waterfalls and snow-capped mountains. The name “Jiuzhaigou” means “the valley (山谷) of nine Tibetan villages”. The most amazing part is its lakes. The water has different colours—blue, green, turquoise (青绿色) and even red. The colours change with the light and season, making the lakes look like beautiful gemstones (宝石). This is because of special minerals and algae in the lake bed. Jiuzhaigou has more than 100 lakes and a lot of waterfalls. The Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous one. When water falls down from the cliff, it makes a loud sound, and the spray (水花) flies everywhere. Standing in front of it, you will feel the power of nature. Besides lakes and waterfalls, Jiuzhaigou also has beautiful forests and snow-capped mountains. The forest is home to many rare animals and plants. They are not easy to find in other places. The snow-capped mountains make the whole valley look more beautiful. Jiuzhaigou is a place of natural beauty, a gift from nature to humans. However, it was once damaged by an earthquake (地震) in 2017. After years of care and protection, most of the areas are open to people again. We should value this beautiful place and protect it well, so that it can always keep its beauty. 43．What does the name “Jiuzhaigou” mean? A．A valley with nine lakes. B．A valley of nine Tibetan villages. C．A place with colourful lakes. D．A natural heritage site. 44．What do you know about Jiuzhaigou as a World Natural Heritage Site? A．It got the title soon after the 2017 earthquake. B．It became this heritage site more than 30 years ago. C．It got the title mainly because of its waterfalls. D．It lost this title for some time after the earthquake. 45．The underlined word “rare” probably means ______. A．unusual B．common C．modern D．familiar 46．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The lakes in Jiuzhaigou have the same colour all year round. B．Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous waterfall in Jiuzhaigou. C．Jiuzhaigou has fewer than 100 lakes in total. D．Jiuzhaigou only has lakes and waterfalls. 47．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell readers the history of Jiuzhaigou. B．To ask people to visit Jiuzhaigou as much as possible. C．To introduce Jiuzhaigou’s beauty and call on people to protect it. D．To explain why Jiuzhaigou became a World Natural Heritage Site. 【答案】43．B 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了九寨沟的美丽景观并呼吁人们保护它。 43．根据文章第二段“The name ‘Jiuzhaigou’ means ‘the valley (山谷) of nine Tibetan villages’. ”可知，“九寨沟”的意思是“九个藏族村寨的山谷”。 44．根据文章第一段“It became a World Natural Heritage Site...in 1992”可知，九寨沟于1992年成为世界自然遗产地。结合当前时间（2026年），1992年距今已超过30年。 45．根据划线词所在句后的解释“They are not easy to find in other places.”可知，这些动植物非常稀缺或不常见。unusual意为“不寻常的”，符合语境。 46．根据文章第三段“Jiuzhaigou has more than 100 lakes and a lot of waterfalls. The Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous one.”可知，诺日朗瀑布是九寨沟最著名的瀑布。 47．文章前四段详细介绍了九寨沟的自然美景，最后一段提到“We should value this beautiful place and protect it well”，表明作者旨在介绍九寨沟之美并呼吁人们保护它。 E 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。 Mountains are usually not nice places for people to live in, mainly because the weather in mountains is not as good as that in low areas. 48 Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 meters high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe. If a mountain is more than 8,000 meters high, for example, Qomolangma, there’s not enough air for people. 49 However, mountains are important to people. Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains. Lots of people in the world depend on mountains to get drinking water. Mountains are also rich in minerals (矿产). 50 Many people also go to mountains to spend their holidays during the hot summer, because it's much cooler there. 51 The sport first became popular in England. However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time. 52 Mountain-climbing has become a popular sport in the world. A．It is known as one of the most dangerous areas. B．The higher a mountain is, the less air there will be. C．So mountain tourism (旅游业) is developing very fast. D．Mountain-climbing has a history of over 150 years. E．People living in the mountains depend on them to make a living. F．Now more and more people try to climb the highest mountains. G．As we all know, there are many kinds of mountains in the world. 【答案】48．B 49．A 50．E 51．D 52．F 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了山区的居住环境、山脉对人类的重要性以及登山运动的发展历史。 48．根据文章第1段“Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 meters high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe.”可推知结论此处需要解释为何高处呼吸困难。选项B山越高，空气就越稀薄。说明了高度与空气含量的关系，符合语境。 49．根据文章第1段“If a mountain is more than 8,000 meters high, for example, Qomolangma, there’s not enough air for people.”可推知结论此处应描述这种环境的危险性。选项A它被认为是最危险的地区之一。承接上文对珠穆朗玛峰缺氧的描述，符合语境。 50．根据文章第2段“Mountains are also rich in minerals.”和“Many people also go to mountains to spend their holidays...”可推知结论此处应提及依靠山脉资源生活的人群，与后文度假的人群形成对比补充。选项E生活在山区的人们依靠它们谋生。符合语境。 51．根据文章第3段“The sport first became popular in England.”可推知结论前文需引出这项运动的名称及背景。选项D登山运动有超过 150 年的历史。引出了Mountain-climbing这一主题，与后文The sport相呼应。 52．根据文章第3段“However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time.”和“Mountain-climbing has become a popular sport in the world.”可推知结论此处需体现从过去到现在的变化。选项F现在越来越多的人尝试攀登最高的山峰。连接了过去少数人到现在流行的情况，符合语境。 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Located in Africa, the Sahara Desert covers 30 per cent of the whole continent. Known as “the great desert” in Arabic, it is about 9 million square kilometres in size, with a history of over 4.6 million years, making it one of the oldest places in the world. As the world’s largest hot desert, the Sahara is extremely dry and hot all year round. However, not all deserts are hot. For example, scientists regard Antarctica as a typical cold desert. Most of the Sahara is rocky land. Besides, it also has grasslands, lakes, mountains and sand seas, which look like endless oceans of sand. When the wind blows, the sand looks like waves. Life in the Sahara is difficult. Around 2 million people live in this area. They usually move from place to place. There is water in a few parts of the Sahara, and some people live in these places all year round. Few animals can live in a place with such a dry and hot climate. They must adapt to survive. Camels can live for a long time without water, and can drink over 100 litres of water in just 13 minutes. Fennec foxes have large ears to help their bodies stay cool. Today, the Sahara is getting even bigger. It is 10 per cent larger than it was a century ago. But why is it growing? Some scientists believe that part of the reason is climate change. As temperatures rise, summers in Africa grow hotter and less rain falls. Water bodies get smaller and the ground gets drier and drier. If we do not take effective measures, the desert will keep growing! 53．How old is the Sahara Desert according to the passage? 54．Where can some people live all year round in the Sahara? 55．What special ability do fennec foxes have to live in the hot desert? 56．Why is the Sahara Desert becoming bigger and bigger these days? 57．What can we humans do to stop the desert from growing? 【答案】53．It is over 4.6 million years old. 54．They can live in the places with water in the Sahara. 55．They have large ears to help their bodies stay cool. 56．Because of climate change. (The rising temperatures, less rain, smaller water bodies and drier land make it grow.) 57．We can plant more trees, save water and take actions to slow down climate change. 【解析】本文介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的面积、气候、地貌、居民、动物以及沙漠扩张的原因。 53．第一段提到撒哈拉沙漠已有超过460万年的历史“with a history of over 4.6 million years”，答案是原文直接信息。 54．第四段提到撒哈拉沙漠有一些地方有水，有些人全年居住在那里“There is water in a few parts of the Sahara, and some people live in these places all year round”，答案是原文直接信息。 55．第五段提到耳廓狐有大耳朵来帮助身体保持凉爽“Fennec foxes have large ears to help their bodies stay cool”，答案是原文直接信息。 56．最后一段提到撒哈拉沙漠扩张的部分原因是气候变化“part of the reason is climate change”，答案是原文直接信息。 57．开放题，答案不唯一。需结合沙漠扩张的原因（如气候变化、干旱等），提出阻止沙漠扩大的措施，合理即可。 五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。) connect     feel     one     be     do     most     he     good     problem     nature Nature always surprises us with its amazing wonders. Among all the natural wonders, coastal cliffs are the 58 fantastic. They stand strongly by the sea and face wind and waves every year. I 59 saw coastal cliffs during a family trip to Qingdao. When I stood on the top of the cliff, I looked down and saw the blue sea hit the rocks. The view was so beautiful that I couldn’t say anything. I 60 small in front of such great beauty. I like coastal cliffs very much because they show 61 power (力量). Wind and water have changed them for millions of years, but they are still strong. This teaches me to be brave when I meet 62 in life. My uncle taught 63 to take photos. He often takes photos of wetlands and glaciers. He says they are important for the environment. And there 64 many natural wonders in danger because of pollution (污染) and over-development. We must 65 something to protect them. Exploring natural wonders is a good way to 66 with nature. It makes us love the beauty of the world and encourages us to protect it 67 . Let’s cherish all gifts from nature and leave them to future generations (子孙后代). 【答案】 58．most 59．first 60．felt 61．nature’s 62．problems 63．himself 64．are 65．do 66．connect 67．well 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在青岛看到海岸悬崖的经历和感受，以及由此引发的对自然奇观的思考，呼吁人们保护自然。 58．句意：在所有自然奇观中，海岸悬崖是最奇妙的。“Among all the natural wonders”表示范围，此处需用形容词最高级，most fantastic表示“最奇妙的”。 59．句意：在一次去青岛的家庭旅行中，我第一次看到了海岸悬崖。此处表示“第一次”，结合所给词，用one的副词形式first。 60．句意：在如此壮丽的美景前，我感到自己很渺小。句子缺少谓语动词，此处表示“感觉渺小”，用 feel“感觉”，且句子为一般过去时，feel的过去式为felt。 61．句意：我非常喜欢海岸悬崖，因为它们展现了大自然的力量。此处表示“大自然的力量”，修饰名词power需用所有格，nature’s“自然的”，符合语境。 62．句意：这教会我在生活中遇到问题时要勇敢。meet后接名词作宾语，上文说“要勇敢”，说明此处指问题或者困难，用problem“难题”，且用复数形式problems表示泛指。 63．句意：我的叔叔自学了拍照。动词taught后接人称代词宾格，此处表示叔叔教自己拍照，he的反身代词形式为himself“他自己”。 64．句意：并且由于污染和过度开发，有许多自然奇观正处于危险之中。此处为there be句型，主语many natural wonders是复数，句子为一般现在时，be动词用are。 65．句意：我们必须做些什么来保护它们。“to protect them”说明此处是做一些事情，用do“做”，情态动词must后接动词原形。 66．句意：探索自然奇观是与自然建立联系的好方式。固定搭配connect with表示“与……联系”，此处为动词不定式，to后用原形。 67．句意：它让我们热爱世界之美，并鼓励我们好好保护它。此处修饰动词protect需用副词，good的副词形式为well“很好地”。 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lake Natron is a lake in Tanzania, East Africa. Its water is red, and the lake is one of the 68 (salt) lakes in the world. The red colour 69 (come) from salt-loving organisms (生物) called halophiles. This is a 70 (nature) wonder, but also dangerous to many living things. Lake Natron is very hot. And its water can reach 60℃. The lake’s high salt levels can burn skin and even damage (损害) eyes. That’s why many animals cannot live here. But one special bird, 71 flamingo, loves this lake. It builds nests on the salt islands. Every year, thousands of flamingos come here 72 (lay) eggs and raise their chicks. The lake gives them a safe home, 73 few animals can reach their nests. The lake’s beauty is 74 (change). Sometimes it looks red, sometimes pink, and sometimes silver or orange. This depends on the sunlight, temperature, and algae (藻类) in the water. Its colours change throughout the day and across seasons. Strong winds can also change the shape of the salt crusts. People must be careful here. Walking near the lake is 75 (risk). The salt crust can break, and people can fall 76 the hot, salty water. The air around the lake sometimes smells terrible because of chemicals in the water. Still, it is a magical place to visit and study, especially for 77 (science) and photographers. 【答案】 68．saltiest 69．comes 70．natural 71．the 72．to lay 73．because 74．changeable 75．risky 76．into 77．scientists 【解析】本文主要介绍了东非坦桑尼亚的纳特龙湖，其湖水呈红色、含盐量极高、水温很高，对多数生物危险，却是火烈鸟理想的繁殖地。文章还描述了湖水颜色的多变性以及靠近湖泊的危险性。 68．句意：它的水是红色的，这个湖是世界上最咸的湖泊之一。salt“盐”，此处修饰名词lakes，用形容词形式salty“咸的”，“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，salty的最高级为saltiest“最咸的”。 69．句意：红色来自一种叫做嗜盐菌的喜盐生物。come from“来自”，空处作谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为The red colour，动词用第三人称单数形式comes。 70．句意：这是一个自然奇观，但对许多生物也很危险。nature“自然”，修饰名词wonder，用其形容词形式natural“自然的”。 71．句意：但有一种特别的鸟，火烈鸟，喜欢这个湖。此处表示一类事物（火烈鸟这类鸟），前面加定冠词the。 72．句意：每年，成千上万的火烈鸟来到这里产卵并抚养它们的幼鸟。lay“下（蛋），产（卵）”，此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“来这里的目的是产卵和抚养幼鸟”。 73．句意：湖给了它们一个安全的家，因为很少有动物能到达它们的巢穴。“很少有动物能到达它们的巢穴”是“湖给了它们一个安全的家”的原因，用because“因为”引导原因状语从句。 74．句意：这个湖的美是多变的。句子缺表语，下文提到湖水颜色会变红、粉、银或橙色，说明它的美是多变的，用change“变化”的形容词形式changeable“多变的”。 75．句意：在湖边行走是危险的。be动词is后接形容词作表语，risk“危险”的形容词形式是risky“危险的”。 76．句意：盐壳可能会破裂，人们可能会掉入滚烫的咸水中。fall into意为“掉入、落入”。 77．句意：尽管如此，它仍然是一个参观和学习的神奇之地，尤其是对科学家和摄影师来说。and连接并列成分，photographers“摄影师”是复数，science“科学”对应的职业名词scientist“科学家”也用复数scientists。 七、完成句子 78．这是我曾经读过的最有趣的书之一。 This is ________ ________ ________ ________ interesting books I’ve ever read. 【答案】 one of the most 【解析】原句中“最有趣的……之一”是关键词，“之一”对应英文短语“one of”，后接形容词最高级结构；“最有趣的”对应“the most interesting”，其中“the”为最高级前的定冠词，“most”构成最高级。 79．它几乎与黄河一样长。 That’s nearly ________ ________ ________ the Yellow River. 【答案】 as long as 【解析】原句中的关键词为“与……一样长”。“与……一样……”的固定表达为as+形容词/副词原级+as，此处“长”用形容词long，构成as long as，表示“与……一样长”。 80．如今，该地区面临水资源短缺问题。 Today，the area faces ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 a water shortage 【解析】原句中“水资源短缺问题”是关键词，英文表达为“a water shortage” ，其中“a”表示“一个”，“water shortage”是固定短语，意为“水资源短缺”。 81．通过这些传统，人们将文化价值传给下一代。 Through these traditions, people ________ ________ cultural values to ________ ________. 【答案】 pass on younger generations 【解析】原句中“传给”是关键词，表示“传递、传承”的短语是pass on，表示“下一代”的短语是younger generations。本句为一般现在时，主语people为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填pass；on；younger；generations。 82．天气变得温暖，气温迅速上升。 The weather ________ ________ and the temperature ________ ________. 【答案】 becomes warmer rises sharply 【解析】原句中的关键词为“变得温暖”和“迅速上升”。变得温暖”可表达为becomes warmer，主语The weather为第三人称单数，动词用becomes；warmer为warm的比较级，表示“更温暖的”。“迅速上升”可表达为rises sharply，主语the temperature为第三人称单数，动词用rises；sharply为副词，表示“迅速地、急剧地”，修饰动词rises。故填becomes；warmer；rises；sharply。 83．活泼的鸟儿在树上婉转歌唱。村民们匆匆赶往田地。 Lively birds ________ ________ in the trees. Villagers ________ ________ the fields. 【答案】 sang sweetly hurried to 【解析】原句中“婉转地歌唱”、“匆忙赶往”是关键词。sing sweetly “婉转地歌唱”，动词短语；hurry to“匆忙赶往”，动词短语。语境提示，句子的时态应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。sing过去式为sang，hurry过去式为hurried。应填sang；sweetly；hurried to。 84．减少空气污染的方法之一是避免开车太多。 One of the ways to reduce air pollution is to ________ ________ too much. 【答案】 avoid driving 【解析】原句关键是“避免开车”，avoid doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形avoid，drive的动名词形式是driving。 85．如果我们现在开始保护环境，我们的绿色梦想总有一天会实现。 Our green dream will ________ ________ one day if we start to protect the environment now. 【答案】 come true 【解析】原句中“实现”是关键词，“实现”用come true表达，will后接动词原形构成一般将来时。 86．我们应该允许学生多读关于科学的书。 We should ________ students ________ ________ more books about science. 【答案】 allow to read 【解析】原句中“允许”是关键词，“允许某人做某事”对应的英文表达是“allow sb to do sth”。所以这里应依次填入“allow”“to”“read”，构成“allow students to read”表示“允许学生读”。 87．更为重要的是，每个人都可以在环保方面发挥作用。 ________ ________ ________, everyone can ________ ________ ________ in environmental protection. 【答案】 What is more make a difference 【解析】原句关键是“更为重要的是”和“发挥作用”，What is more是固定表达，意为“更为重要的是、而且”；make a difference是固定搭配，意为“产生影响、发挥作用”，can后接动词原形make，符合句子结构和语义。 八、书面表达 88．学校英语报正在举办“Amazing Nature”主题征文活动。介绍一个你通过书本、网络或课堂了解到的自然奇观，或者你的家乡山东的一处自然奇观，写一篇短文投稿。 写作要点： 1．说明这个自然奇观的名称和大致位置。 2．用一两个具体数字（如高度、长度、面积等）来突出它的惊人之处。 3．把它与另一个地方的自然景观做简单比较（例如：比……更高/更深/更壮观）。 4．谈谈人们为什么喜欢去那里，以及你自己平时是如何亲近自然的（比如爬山、看海、公园散步等）。 要求： 1．语言通顺，逻辑清晰，语法正确； 2．词数：90～120词； 3．文中不要出现真实的校名和人名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】     Mount Tai, located in Shandong Province, is a famous natural wonder and one of China’s most sacred mountains.     It is about 1,545 meters high, which is much higher than many other mountains in eastern China. For example, it is nearly twice as high as the Great Wall’s Badaling section. People love to visit Mount Tai not only for its beautiful sunrise but also for its historical importance.     As for me, I often go hiking in nearby hills on weekends to get close to nature. This helps me feel relaxed and energetic. 【解析】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确认文体：这是一篇“Amazing Nature”主题的写景征文，时态以一般现在时为主 明确要点：需包含泰山的地理位置、核心自然与文化特色、游览价值，还要结合个人亲近自然的体验 确定人称：第三人称（指代Mount Tai）和第一人称（I） 注意事项：词数控制在90-120；不能出现无关信息，内容要紧扣自然主题 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引出泰山，点明它的自然与文化双重地位 主体段：用数据和细节说明泰山的高度、云海日出与文化遗迹两大核心看点 结尾段：联系个人周末徒步的习惯，抒发亲近自然的感受 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：介绍泰山基本信息 具体说明：located in Shandong Province/about 1,545 meters high/located in /situated in /lies in等 要点二：描写泰山核心吸引力 具体说明：beautiful sunrise/its historical importance/breathtaking sunrise/winding stone steps等 要点三：结合个人体验升华主题 具体说明：go hiking/get close to nature/helps me feel relaxed and energetic/broaden my horizons/a sense of achievement等 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(外研版2024) Unit 6 Living with nature 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化训练 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 1.核心词汇 guide v. 指引；指导 例句：The solar terms guide people's farming work.节气指引人们的农事劳作。 follow v. 遵循；跟随 例句：We should follow the laws of nature.我们应该遵循自然规律。 react v. 做出反应；回应 例句：Farmers know how to react to weather changes.农民知道如何应对天气变化。 share v. 分享；共用 例句：People share their memories about the 24 Solar Terms online.人们在网上分享关于二十四节气的回忆。 celebrate v. 庆祝 例句：We celebrate the Start of Winter with dumplings.我们吃饺子庆祝立冬。 disappear v. 消失 例句：The ancient calendar never disappears in our life.古老的历法从未在我们的生活中消失。 survive v. 生存；存活 例句：Local people survive in the hot desert.当地人在炎热的沙漠中生存。 invent v. 发明；创造 例句：Ancient people invented the karez system.古人发明了坎儿井系统。 protect v. 保护 例句：Young people try to protect the old water system.年轻人努力保护这套古老的水利系统。 require v. 需要；要求 例句：Climate change makes people require clean energy.气候变化让人们需要清洁能源。 charge v. 充电 例句：We can charge phones with solar energy.我们可以用太阳能给手机充电。 complete v. 完成 例句：People completed the project with hand tools.人们靠手工工具完成了这项工程。 popular adj. 受欢迎的；流行的 例句：The paintings about solar terms are very popular.关于节气的画作大受欢迎。 ancient adj. 古老的；古代的 例句：The 24 Solar Terms is ancient Chinese wisdom.二十四节气是中国古老的智慧。 dry adj. 干燥的 例句：Turpan is a very dry place in China.吐鲁番是中国一个十分干旱的地方。 terrible adj. 恶劣的；糟糕的 例句：Turpan has a terrible natural climate.吐鲁番的自然气候十分恶劣。 underground adj. 地下的 例句：There are many underground canals in Turpan.吐鲁番有很多地下沟渠。 close adj. 密切的；亲近的 例句：Humans have a close relationship with nature.人类与自然关系密切。 lively adj. 活泼的；生机勃勃的 例句：Lively birds sing in the trees every morning.每天清晨，活泼的鸟儿在树上歌唱。 modern adj. 现代的 例句：We use solar energy in a modern way now.如今我们以现代化的方式利用太阳能。 2.核心短语 live with nature 与自然共处 例句：We learn how to live with nature in this unit.本单元我们学习如何与自然共处。 natural resources 自然资源 例句：We must make good use of natural resources.我们必须合理利用自然资源。 live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐共处 例句：Chinese people have long lived in harmony with nature.中国人长久以来与自然和谐共处。 daily life 日常生活 例句：Solar terms are part of people's daily life.节气是人们日常生活的一部分。 farming activities 农事活动 例句：The 24 Solar Terms guide all farming activities.二十四节气指引各类农事活动。 grow up 长大；成长 例句：I grew up in a village in Shandong.我在山东的一个乡村长大。 take an interest in 对……产生兴趣 例句：Young people take a new interest in traditional culture.年轻人重新对传统文化产生了兴趣。 divide time 划分时间 例句：Ancient people used solar terms to divide time.古人用节气来划分时间。 social and cultural meanings 社会与文化内涵 例句：Each solar term has special social and cultural meanings.每个节气都有独特的社会与文化内涵。 traditional activities 传统活动 例句：We hold traditional activities on different solar terms.我们在不同节气举办传统活动。 natural laws 自然规律 例句：Everyone should follow natural laws.所有人都应遵守自然规律。 solar energy 太阳能 例句：Solar energy is clean and useful energy.太阳能是清洁又实用的能源。 climate change 气候变化 例句：Climate change affects the whole world.气候变化影响着全世界。 water shortage 水资源短缺 例句：Many places are facing serious water shortage.很多地方正面临严重的水资源短缺。 hand tools 手工工具 例句：Workers only used hand tools in ancient times.古时候人们只使用手工工具。 underground canals 地下沟渠 例句：Underground canals keep water away from heat.地下沟渠让水源远离高温。 Fifth Great Invention 第五大发明 例句：The 24 Solar Terms is called the Fifth Great Invention of China.二十四节气被称为中国第五大发明。 Grain in Ear 芒种 例句：Villagers are busy cutting wheat on Grain in Ear.芒种时节村民们忙着收割小麦。 Start of Spring 立春 例句：People eat spring pancakes on Start of Spring.人们立春时吃春饼。 Start of Winter 立冬 例句：Eating dumplings is a custom on Start of Winter.吃饺子是立冬的习俗。 react to 应对；对……作出反应 例句：Plants react to the change of seasons.植物会对季节变化作出反应。 move away from 远离 例句：Now many people move away from farming.如今很多人不再从事农业劳作。 carry into the future 传承至未来 例句：We will carry the old culture into the future.我们会将古老文化传承至未来。 make choices 做出选择 例句：We should make cleaner energy choices.我们应当选择清洁能源。 take action 采取行动 例句：We take action to protect natural heritage.我们采取行动保护自然遗产。 3.核心句型 We have a close relationship with nature.我们与自然有着密切的联系。 Let's explore the relationship between nature and us.让我们探索人与自然的关系。 The 24 Solar Terms meant so much to local villagers.二十四节气对当地村民意义重大。 The changes of the terms guided both their farming activities and daily lives.节气的变化指引着他们的农事与日常生活。 I always feel excited when a new term is set to begin.每当一个新节气将至，我总会感到兴奋。 I longed to share these feelings in my paintings and poems.我渴望用画作和诗歌分享这份感受。 They help people understand why nature works this way.它们帮助人们明白自然为何如此运转。 Many solar terms bear social and cultural meanings.许多节气都蕴含着社会与文化内涵。 Do you know where the real Flaming Mountains are?你知道真正的火焰山在哪里吗？ It is one of the driest places in China.它是中国最干旱的地区之一。 How do people survive in such a terrible climate?人们如何在如此恶劣的气候中生存？ The secret lies in the ancient karez system.秘诀就在于古老的坎儿井系统。 Water runs underground and stays cool all the time.水流在地下流淌，始终保持清凉。 Thanks to the karez system, people can grow plants here.多亏了坎儿井系统，人们才能在这里种植作物。 The area is now facing a serious water shortage.这片区域如今正面临严重的水资源短缺。 More and more young people are taking action to protect it.越来越多年轻人行动起来保护它。 Today people use solar energy in a modern way.如今人们以现代化的方式利用太阳能。 It's important for us to know what will happen on the sea.了解海上将会发生什么对我们来说很重要。 By understanding the laws of nature, we can live more safely.了解自然规律，我们就能生活得更安稳。 We should learn how to live in harmony with nature.我们应当学会与自然和谐共处。 4.单元语法：宾语从句（由what/where/how/why/when引导） 1.基本定义 由特殊疑问词 what, where, how, why, when 引导的从句，放在及物动词、介词、be sure/curious about 等结构后，充当句子的宾语，即特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。 2.核心规则 （1）语序：必须使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），不能用疑问语序。 错误：I don't know where do they live. 正确：I don't know where they live.（我不知道他们住在哪里。） （2）时态：主句为一般过去时，从句时态对应变为过去的某种时态（主过从过）；主句为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际语境变化。 例句：I didn't know how popular the paintings would become.（主句过去时，从句用过去将来时 我当时不知道这些画作会变得多么受欢迎。） 例句：We know why nature works this way.（主句现在时，从句用一般现在时 我们明白自然为何如此运转。） （3）引导词：what（什么）、where（哪里）、how（如何/多么）、why（为什么）、when（何时），引导词在从句中充当成分，不可省略。 例句：Do you know when we celebrate Major Snow?（你知道我们什么时候过大雪节气吗？） 5.阅读/写作必备词句 1.必备词汇 harmony 和谐，wisdom 智慧，traditional 传统的，heritage 遗产，resource 资源，environment 环境，ancient 古老的，develop 发展，balance 平衡，culture 文化 2.必备句式 Humans and nature should live in peace.人类与自然应和平共处。 Traditional culture is a treasure of our nation.传统文化是我们民族的瑰宝。 We need to keep the balance between humans and nature.我们需要维持人与自然之间的平衡。 Ancient wisdom still works in modern life.古老的智慧在现代生活中依旧发挥作用。 Protecting nature is protecting ourselves.保护自然就是保护我们自己。 We should make good use of natural resources.我们应当合理利用自然资源。 This ancient project shows people's love for nature.这项古老工程体现了人们对自然的热爱。 More people begin to pay attention to environmental protection.更多人开始关注环境保护。 Following natural laws brings us a better life.遵循自然规律能让我们拥有更好的生活。 We will pass down our traditional culture from generation to generation.我们会将传统文化代代相传。 6.写作范文 (写作主题：人与自然和谐共处） The 24 Solar Terms is a great example of humans living in harmony with nature. It is an ancient Chinese wisdom and also known as the Fifth Great Invention of China. Long ago, most villagers lived by farming. The 24 Solar Terms guided their farming activities and daily lives. People followed the changes of nature and did things at the right time. They also created many traditional customs and food cultures for different solar terms, such as eating dumplings on Start of Winter and spring pancakes on Start of Spring. These cultures have stayed in our daily life for thousands of years. Nowadays, fewer people work on farms, but the 24 Solar Terms are still popular, especially among young people. Many people share paintings, poems and stories about solar terms online. It not only helps us understand the rules of nature, but also lets us keep our traditional culture alive. From the 24 Solar Terms, we learn that we must respect nature and follow its laws. Only when we get along well with nature can we live a happy and long life. We should carry this ancient wisdom forward forever. 译文: 二十四节气是人与自然和谐共处的典范。它是中国古老的智慧，也被誉为中国第五大发明。 很久以前，大多数村民以务农为生。二十四节气指引着他们的农事活动与日常生活。人们顺应自然的变化，在合适的时节劳作生活。人们还为不同节气创造了诸多传统习俗与饮食文化，比如立冬吃饺子、立春吃春饼。这些文化在我们的生活中延续了数千年。 如今，从事农业的人变少了，但二十四节气依旧备受欢迎，年轻人更是喜爱有加。许多人在网上分享和节气相关的画作、诗歌与故事。它不仅帮助我们读懂自然的规律，也让传统文化得以传承。 从二十四节气中我们明白，必须尊重自然、顺应自然规律。唯有与自然友好相处，我们才能拥有幸福长久的生活。我们应当将这份古老的智慧永远传承下去。 ◇Part 02 单元综合检测试卷 Unit 6 单元综合检测试题 一、单项选择 1．Our teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．to travel C．travelling D．travelled 2．My supervisor mentioned he ________ cutting-edge AI technologies when I consulted him about the thesis last month. A．explored B．was exploring C．has explored D．had explored 3．Can you tell me ________ the library is? A．what B．where C．when D．how 4．I don’t know ________ with my watch. It doesn’t work. A．what wrong is B．what’s wrong C．what wrong was D．what was wrong 5．—Mum, I want to buy a new toy car made of plastic. ________ you please refuse me this time? —Good idea! We should choose toys made of recycled materials.  You ________ learn to make environmentally-friendly choices. A．Could; should B．Should; must C．Must; should D．Could; mustn’t 6．Could you please tell me ________ to get to the nearest underground station? A．how B．what C．which D．where 7．—________ Mr Yang’s help, my math has improved a lot. — And you’re more confident about it. A．Different from B．Instead of C．Thanks to D．Look forward to 8．—I hear many people are longing to go and experience the amazing live concert of that famous singer. —Really? Where did you ________ the news? A．pick up B．set up C．take up D．make up 9．It’s ________ to leave the water running while washing hands. We should develop the habit of saving water. A．careful B．brave C．careless D．polite 10．London, which used to be known ________“the foggy city”, is famous ________its various places of interest. A．for; as B．as; for C．for; for D．as; as 11．There are about three ________ teachers and ________ students in this high school. A．hundreds of; thousand B．hundred; thousand of C．hundred; thousands of D．hundred of; thousand 12．The new library will _______ the whole community by providing more books and space. A．benefit B．respect C．compare D．describe 13．It’s important to learn some basic skills to ______ in the wild. A．survive B．survival C．survived D．surviving 14．It is our duty to _______ the environment and keep our city clean. A．protect B．pollute C．destroy D．waste 15．It is very hot in summer here, _______ in July and August. A．especially B．probably C．hardly D．recently 16．It’s great to see that people from different cultures can live _______ with each other in this city. A．in harmony B．in person C．in surprise D．in fear 17．We should try our best to live in _______ with nature to make the earth a better place. A．harmony B．danger C．silence D．public 18．It’s important to _______ quickly when you are in danger. A．react B．receive C．realize D．relax 19．It’s everyone’s responsibility to ________ wildlife from being hunted illegally. A．protect B．produce C．pollute D．provide 20．—Where is your father? —He ________ Beijing. He will be back in three days. A．has been to B．has gone to C．have been to D．have gone to 二、完形填空 Everyone knows that the largest desert in the world is the Sahara Desert in Africa. But there is another desert that many people don’t 21 . It’s the Gobi Desert in Asia, and it’s the largest cold winter desert in the world. Although the Gobi Desert is not as hot as the Sahara, it has a very 22 environment with extreme temperature changes. The Mongolians (蒙古人) and Chinese have lived near the desert for thousands of years, and it has a 23 of over 5,000 years. People use the resources in the Gobi Desert to 24 energy. At certain times of the year, strong winds blow across the desert, creating the famous “singing sands” wonder. So before you visit, the most 25 thing is to prepare warm clothes and protective gear (护具) If you want to 26 the Gobi Desert, don’t go in January. January is the coldest 27 in Mongolia, and most roads are blocked by snow. It means there will be too many 28 . It’s better to go in May or September. At this time, you can enjoy the unique landscape and take 29 photos. There are many local yurts (蒙古包) in the area. They 30 traditional Mongolian food and places to stay. Don’t forget to experience the nomadic (游牧) culture yourself! 21．A．believe B．like C．know D．visit 22．A．clean B．cold C．beautiful D．hard 23．A．history B．story C．number D．population 24．A．waste B．produce C．save D．use 25．A．strange B．difficult C．interesting D．important 26．A．explain B．explore C．protect D．share 27．A．season B．day C．place D．month 28．A．ways B．people C．problems D．words 29．A．cheaper B．fewer C．larger D．nicer 30．A．serve B．choose C．change D．receive 三、阅读理解 A Landforms are the different shapes of the Earth’s surface. They make our planet look incredibly diverse and beautiful. Understanding landforms helps us know more about our amazing planet. Hello from different landforms We are mountains. We are tall, rising high above the ground. Some have peaks that reach into the clouds. We are often formed when the Earth’s tectonic plates push against each other. We are another interesting landform. We are the low areas between mountains or hills. Rivers usually run through us. These rivers play a big role in shaping us over a long period of time. We are desert. We’re dry landforms. We get very little rainfalls. But we are not just empty sand. There are unique plants like cacti that can survive in this harsh environment. We are plains. We’re large, flat areas. We cover a lot of space and are very rich. This makes us perfect for growing crops. Many people live on us because it’s easy to build houses and farms. 31．What’s another interesting landform? A． B． C． D． 32．What are the facts about desert? ①Little rainfall    ②Many crops    ③Only empty sand    ④Unique plants A．①④ B．②④ C．②③ D．①③ 33．Why are plains good for growing crops? A．Because they are flat. B．Because they are open. C．Because they are rich. D．Because they are large. 34．Where can you read the passage? A．A story book. B．A travel guidebook. C．A science book. D．A geography magazine. B Plitvice Lakes National Park in Croatia was set up in 1949 and is a UNESCO World Heritage site. It covers over 296 square kilometres and is visited by almost two million people a year. Its name comes from the Croatian word for “shallow” because of its unusual shallow lakes. Visitors are amazed by the brightly coloured lakes and waterfalls in shades of blue, green and grey. The colours change often, depending on the minerals or organisms in the water and the angle of sunlight. There are 12 upper lakes and 4 lower ones, connected by a river system. There are about eight different trails, from 3 to 18 kilometres. Some include a boat trip across the Kozjak Lake. Most trails are well-marked, so you can’t get lost. Hikers say it’s like visiting a wonderland. The park has over 1,200 plant types. Many plants and 50 mammal types are protected, including brown bears and grey wolves. There are also at least 321 butterfly types! Different groups have lived here for thousands of years. Under Julius Caesar, it became part of the Roman Empire. Even today, 19 villages in the park keep traditional customs, wear Croatian costumes, and give dance shows. 35．What is special about the lakes’ colours? A．They are always bright blue. B．They are the same all year round. C．They change based on several factors. D．They are man-made. 36．What can we learn about the park’s trails? A．They are all very long. B．They are easy to follow. C．They all include a boat trip. D．They are only for experienced hikers. 37．The park is also home to many plants, animals, and ________. A．modern cities B．large factories C．historical villages D．amusement parks 38．What is the best title for the passage? A．A History of Croatia B．A Natural and Cultural Wonder C．Tips for Hiking Safely D．The Animals of Plitvice Lakes C I’m a traveller in the sky. The wind is my guide, and it takes me on journeys. Right now, as the morning light passes through my body, I’m flying above the mountains of Zhangjiajie. The rock called Qiankun Column (柱) catches my eye first. It’s about 150 metres high—so high that I can touch it! Its special shape also surprises me. It’s like a huge stone sword (石剑) pointing to the sky. Below, there are many trees around so the rock stands out more. I move on and see Gold Whip Stream. It goes through a large forest and people say it’s home to all kinds of birds. Look! There’s a golden pheasant (红腹锦鸡). It’s looking at itself in the water! Its body is a mix of bright red, gold, yellow and green. The beautiful colours make the water even livelier. Suddenly, the sun disappears when I’m flying forward. I see people building a traditional house. I want to take a closer look, so I become rain and fall slowly. It’s a Tujia stilt house, like a treehouse, but not in the tree. The bottom part has no walls, and the top part is where people live. This stops the water from coming in. What’s more, in Tujia culture, no one builds a stilt house alone. People in the same village come together to help. This tradition makes building easier and connects people with each other closely. When the moon climbs over the mountains, it’s time for me to leave Zhangjiajie. However, I will never forget this magical land—its sights, its animals and its culture. 39．What makes Qiankun Column special to “me”? A．Its shape. B．Its colour. C．Its name. D．Its history. 40．Which of the following do “I” see according to Paragraph 3? A． B． C． D． 41．Which of the following about the Tujia stilt house is TRUE? A．People build it in the tree. B．It’s a place to collect water. C．People live in its bottom part. D．It brings local people closer. 42．What might “I” be in the text? A．A rock. B．A bird. C．The cloud. D．The wind. D Jiuzhaigou, located in Sichuan Province, is one of the most beautiful natural places in China. It became a World Natural Heritage Site (世界自然遗产地) in 1992, famous for its colourful lakes, waterfalls and snow-capped mountains. The name “Jiuzhaigou” means “the valley (山谷) of nine Tibetan villages”. The most amazing part is its lakes. The water has different colours—blue, green, turquoise (青绿色) and even red. The colours change with the light and season, making the lakes look like beautiful gemstones (宝石). This is because of special minerals and algae in the lake bed. Jiuzhaigou has more than 100 lakes and a lot of waterfalls. The Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous one. When water falls down from the cliff, it makes a loud sound, and the spray (水花) flies everywhere. Standing in front of it, you will feel the power of nature. Besides lakes and waterfalls, Jiuzhaigou also has beautiful forests and snow-capped mountains. The forest is home to many rare animals and plants. They are not easy to find in other places. The snow-capped mountains make the whole valley look more beautiful. Jiuzhaigou is a place of natural beauty, a gift from nature to humans. However, it was once damaged by an earthquake (地震) in 2017. After years of care and protection, most of the areas are open to people again. We should value this beautiful place and protect it well, so that it can always keep its beauty. 43．What does the name “Jiuzhaigou” mean? A．A valley with nine lakes. B．A valley of nine Tibetan villages. C．A place with colourful lakes. D．A natural heritage site. 44．What do you know about Jiuzhaigou as a World Natural Heritage Site? A．It got the title soon after the 2017 earthquake. B．It became this heritage site more than 30 years ago. C．It got the title mainly because of its waterfalls. D．It lost this title for some time after the earthquake. 45．The underlined word “rare” probably means ______. A．unusual B．common C．modern D．familiar 46．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The lakes in Jiuzhaigou have the same colour all year round. B．Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous waterfall in Jiuzhaigou. C．Jiuzhaigou has fewer than 100 lakes in total. D．Jiuzhaigou only has lakes and waterfalls. 47．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell readers the history of Jiuzhaigou. B．To ask people to visit Jiuzhaigou as much as possible. C．To introduce Jiuzhaigou’s beauty and call on people to protect it. D．To explain why Jiuzhaigou became a World Natural Heritage Site. E 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。 Mountains are usually not nice places for people to live in, mainly because the weather in mountains is not as good as that in low areas. 48 Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 meters high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe. If a mountain is more than 8,000 meters high, for example, Qomolangma, there’s not enough air for people. 49 However, mountains are important to people. Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains. Lots of people in the world depend on mountains to get drinking water. Mountains are also rich in minerals (矿产). 50 Many people also go to mountains to spend their holidays during the hot summer, because it's much cooler there. 51 The sport first became popular in England. However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time. 52 Mountain-climbing has become a popular sport in the world. A．It is known as one of the most dangerous areas. B．The higher a mountain is, the less air there will be. C．So mountain tourism (旅游业) is developing very fast. D．Mountain-climbing has a history of over 150 years. E．People living in the mountains depend on them to make a living. F．Now more and more people try to climb the highest mountains. G．As we all know, there are many kinds of mountains in the world. 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Located in Africa, the Sahara Desert covers 30 per cent of the whole continent. Known as “the great desert” in Arabic, it is about 9 million square kilometres in size, with a history of over 4.6 million years, making it one of the oldest places in the world. As the world’s largest hot desert, the Sahara is extremely dry and hot all year round. However, not all deserts are hot. For example, scientists regard Antarctica as a typical cold desert. Most of the Sahara is rocky land. Besides, it also has grasslands, lakes, mountains and sand seas, which look like endless oceans of sand. When the wind blows, the sand looks like waves. Life in the Sahara is difficult. Around 2 million people live in this area. They usually move from place to place. There is water in a few parts of the Sahara, and some people live in these places all year round. Few animals can live in a place with such a dry and hot climate. They must adapt to survive. Camels can live for a long time without water, and can drink over 100 litres of water in just 13 minutes. Fennec foxes have large ears to help their bodies stay cool. Today, the Sahara is getting even bigger. It is 10 per cent larger than it was a century ago. But why is it growing? Some scientists believe that part of the reason is climate change. As temperatures rise, summers in Africa grow hotter and less rain falls. Water bodies get smaller and the ground gets drier and drier. If we do not take effective measures, the desert will keep growing! 53．How old is the Sahara Desert according to the passage? 54．Where can some people live all year round in the Sahara? 55．What special ability do fennec foxes have to live in the hot desert? 56．Why is the Sahara Desert becoming bigger and bigger these days? 57．What can we humans do to stop the desert from growing? 五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。) connect     feel     one     be     do     most     he     good     problem     nature Nature always surprises us with its amazing wonders. Among all the natural wonders, coastal cliffs are the 58 fantastic. They stand strongly by the sea and face wind and waves every year. I 59 saw coastal cliffs during a family trip to Qingdao. When I stood on the top of the cliff, I looked down and saw the blue sea hit the rocks. The view was so beautiful that I couldn’t say anything. I 60 small in front of such great beauty. I like coastal cliffs very much because they show 61 power (力量). Wind and water have changed them for millions of years, but they are still strong. This teaches me to be brave when I meet 62 in life. My uncle taught 63 to take photos. He often takes photos of wetlands and glaciers. He says they are important for the environment. And there 64 many natural wonders in danger because of pollution (污染) and over-development. We must 65 something to protect them. Exploring natural wonders is a good way to 66 with nature. It makes us love the beauty of the world and encourages us to protect it 67 . Let’s cherish all gifts from nature and leave them to future generations (子孙后代). 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lake Natron is a lake in Tanzania, East Africa. Its water is red, and the lake is one of the 68 (salt) lakes in the world. The red colour 69 (come) from salt-loving organisms (生物) called halophiles. This is a 70 (nature) wonder, but also dangerous to many living things. Lake Natron is very hot. And its water can reach 60℃. The lake’s high salt levels can burn skin and even damage (损害) eyes. That’s why many animals cannot live here. But one special bird, 71 flamingo, loves this lake. It builds nests on the salt islands. Every year, thousands of flamingos come here 72 (lay) eggs and raise their chicks. The lake gives them a safe home, 73 few animals can reach their nests. The lake’s beauty is 74 (change). Sometimes it looks red, sometimes pink, and sometimes silver or orange. This depends on the sunlight, temperature, and algae (藻类) in the water. Its colours change throughout the day and across seasons. Strong winds can also change the shape of the salt crusts. People must be careful here. Walking near the lake is 75 (risk). The salt crust can break, and people can fall 76 the hot, salty water. The air around the lake sometimes smells terrible because of chemicals in the water. Still, it is a magical place to visit and study, especially for 77 (science) and photographers. 七、完成句子 78．这是我曾经读过的最有趣的书之一。 This is ________ ________ ________ ________ interesting books I’ve ever read. 79．它几乎与黄河一样长。 That’s nearly ________ ________ ________ the Yellow River. 80．如今，该地区面临水资源短缺问题。 Today，the area faces ________ ________ ________. 81．通过这些传统，人们将文化价值传给下一代。 Through these traditions, people ________ ________ cultural values to ________ ________. 82．天气变得温暖，气温迅速上升。 The weather ________ ________ and the temperature ________ ________. 83．活泼的鸟儿在树上婉转歌唱。村民们匆匆赶往田地。 Lively birds ________ ________ in the trees. Villagers ________ ________ the fields. 84．减少空气污染的方法之一是避免开车太多。 One of the ways to reduce air pollution is to ________ ________ too much. 85．如果我们现在开始保护环境，我们的绿色梦想总有一天会实现。 Our green dream will ________ ________ one day if we start to protect the environment now. 86．我们应该允许学生多读关于科学的书。 We should ________ students ________ ________ more books about science. 87．更为重要的是，每个人都可以在环保方面发挥作用。 ________ ________ ________, everyone can ________ ________ ________ in environmental protection. 八、书面表达 88．学校英语报正在举办“Amazing Nature”主题征文活动。介绍一个你通过书本、网络或课堂了解到的自然奇观，或者你的家乡山东的一处自然奇观，写一篇短文投稿。 写作要点： 1．说明这个自然奇观的名称和大致位置。 2．用一两个具体数字（如高度、长度、面积等）来突出它的惊人之处。 3．把它与另一个地方的自然景观做简单比较（例如：比……更高/更深/更壮观）。 4．谈谈人们为什么喜欢去那里，以及你自己平时是如何亲近自然的（比如爬山、看海、公园散步等）。 要求： 1．语言通顺，逻辑清晰，语法正确； 2．词数：90～120词； 3．文中不要出现真实的校名和人名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $