必修2 Unit 5 Humans and Nature（Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

该高中英语讲义围绕高考核心考点，涵盖词汇（含熟词生义）、短语、经典句型及阅读写作技能，按“基础词汇—拓展应用—真题实战”逻辑层次展开，通过考点梳理（如构词法归纳）、方法指导（句型应用技巧）、真题训练（2025年高考题解析）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破难点。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，创新设计“词汇语境运用+熟词生义辨析”活动，如用构词法口诀助记副词转化，读后续写提能练中情感细节描写语料积累，配合分层练习（基础巩固、能力提升）和即时反馈，高效提升学生应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

注：表示该词的熟词生义。 Ⅰ．阅读单词 1.drought n． 旱灾，干旱 2.hurricane n．　　 飓风 3.landslide n．　　 滑坡；塌方 4.landscape n．　　 风景，景色 5.weed n．　　 野草；海藻 6.deer n．　　 鹿 7.insect n．　　 昆虫 8.whale n．　　 鲸 9.dolphin n．　　 海豚 10.shark n．　　 鲨(鱼) 11.kangaroo n．　　 袋鼠 12.eagle n．　　 鹰 13.fox n．　　 狐狸 14.jungle n．　　 (热带)丛林 15.whirlpool n．　　 旋涡 16.descent n．　　 下降，下落 17.barrel n．　　 桶 18.tube n．　　 圆管，管子；(伦敦)地铁 19.lamp n．　　 灯 20.sledge n．　　 雪橇 21.ski n．　　 滑雪板 vi．　　 滑雪 22.captain n．　　 上校；队长；组长 23.polar adj．　　 极地的，地极的 24.tent n．　　 帐篷 25.brochure n．　　 小册子 26.aftershock n．　　 (地震的)余震 27.skiing n．　　 滑雪运动 Ⅱ．核心单词 1.flood n．　　 洪水，水灾 2.wildlife n．　　 野生动植物，野生生物 3.comment n．　　 评论；意见 4.living adj．　　 活的，活着的 5.soil n．　　 土壤 6.climate n．　　 气候 7.lecture n．　　 讲座，讲课；演讲；训斥 vi．　　 开讲座，讲课 vt．　　 训斥 8.overuse vt．　　 过度使用；滥用 9.million n．　　 百万 10.greenhouse n．　　 温室，暖房 11.title n．　　 题目，标题 12.wave n．　　 海浪；波涛 v．　　 挥手，招手 13.escape vi．&vt．　　 逃离；逃避，摆脱；被遗忘 n．　　 逃脱；逃避；漏出 14.float vi．　　 浮；漂 vt．　　 提出，提请考虑(想法或计划) 15.file n．　　 档案，卷宗 16.soul n．　　 灵魂 17.edge n．　　 边缘 18.extent n．　　 面积；长度；范围；程度 19.rescue n．&vt．　　 营救；救援 20.vehicle n．　　 交通工具，车辆 21.trap vt．　　 困住；使陷于危险中 22.damage n．& vt．　　 伤害，损伤，损害 23.overseas adv．　　 在海外，在外国 24.site n．　　 场所，地点 25.process n．　　 过程，进程 v．　　 加工；处理 26.battle n．　　 较量，竞争；斗争；战斗 v．　　 斗争；搏斗；奋斗 27.duty n．　　 职责，义务；责任 学生用书⬇第58页 28.conduct vt．　　 实施；进行；执行 vi．&vt．　　 指挥 29.nearby adv．　　 附近 30.continent n．　　 洲，大洲；大陆 31.shelter n．　　 避难所 32.metal n．　　 金属 Ⅲ．拓展单词 1.disaster n．灾难；灾祸→disastrous adj．灾难性的 2.volcanic adj．火山的；由火山作用引起的→volcano n．火山 3.eruption n．爆发→erupt vi．(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出 4.crowded adj．拥挤的；挤满人的→crowd n．人群 vt．挤满；使……拥挤 5.ecology n．生态；生态学→ecological adj．生态学的；生态的→ecologist n．生态学家 6.shock vt．使震惊；使难以置信→shocked adj．惊愕的，震惊的→shocking adj．令人震惊的 7.survive vi．&vt．活下来；幸存→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者 8.tidal adj．潮汐的，潮水的→tide n．潮汐 9.frightened adj．受惊的，害怕的→fright n．害怕→frighten vt．使惊恐；使惊吓→frightening adj．令人害怕的，令人恐惧的 10.horrible adj．可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→horror n．恐惧，害怕；令人惊恐的事→horribly adv．可怕地；极其地→horrify vt．恐吓，使恐惧 11.curious adj．好奇的→curiously adv．好奇地→curiosity n．求知欲，好奇心 12.observation n．观察；观察结果→observe vt．观察到；注意到→observer n．观察者；评论员 13.equal adj．相等的；相同的→equality n．相等；平等→equally adv．平等地；相等地 14.attempt n．&vt．努力，尝试，企图→attempted adj．未遂的 15.interrupt vi．&vt．打断讲话→interruption n．打扰；插嘴；中断时间；阻断物 16.death n．死，死亡→die vi．死亡，去世→dead adj．死的；无趣的，无活力的 17.loss n．丧失；死亡；损失→lose vt．丧失；遗失；错过(机会)；浪费(时间)→lost adj．丢失的，迷路的；不知所措的；困惑的 18.measure vt．估量，衡量；测量 linking v．(尺寸、数量等)量度为n．措施，办法；尺度→measurement n．测量；尺寸 19.operation n．行动，活动；手术；操作→operate v．操作；动手术；经营，营业→operator n．操作员；经营者；接线员 20.suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨→suffer v．遭受；忍受；(因疾病、悲伤、痛苦等)受苦，受难→sufferer n．受难者；患病者；受苦者 21.protection n．保护；防护→protect vt．保护；防护 22.dust n．灰尘；尘埃→dusty adj．布满灰尘的，灰尘覆盖的 23.explorer n．探险者；勘察者→explore v．考察；探索→exploration n．探究；探索 24.preparation n．预备，准备→prepare vt．预备，使做好准备→prepared adj．有准备的；事先做好的 25.anxiously adv．焦虑地；不安地→anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的→anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望 26.ambition n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitious adj．有抱负的，有野心的，雄心勃勃的 27.cheerful adj．高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheer vi．&vt．欢呼；喝彩；加油n．欢呼声，喝彩声 28.prove vt．证明；证实→proof n．证据，证明adj．能防范……的 29.distant adj．久远的；遥远的；冷淡的；疏远的→distance n．距离 30.honesty n．坦诚；诚实，正直→honest adj．诚实的 31.sincerity n．真诚，真挚，诚实→sincerely adv．由衷地，真诚地→sincere adj．真诚的，诚挚的，诚恳的 学生用书⬇第59页 32.bravery n．勇气；勇敢的行为→brave adj．勇敢的；无畏的vt．勇敢面对；冒(风险)；经受(困难)→bravely adv．勇敢地 33.varied adj．各种各样的，形形色色的→vary vi．变化→variety n．种类；多样化→various adj．各种各样的，各种不同的 34.scary adj．可怕的，恐怖的→scare vt．使(某人)恐惧，惊吓→scared adj．恐惧的；害怕的 35.harmless adj．无害的→harm vt．&n．伤害，损害→harmful adj．有害的，导致损害的 36.originality n．独创性；创造力→origin n．起源，源头；身世，出身→originate vi．&vt．发源；起源，发端于；发明，创作→original adj．独创的，原始的；原来的，起初的→originally adv．原先，最初 37.disappearance n．消亡；消失→disappear vi．消失，不见→appear vi．出现；显得→appearance n．出现；外貌，外观 构词法 后缀-ly常常放在形容词后面构成副词，表示“从……角度；以……方式”。形容词变副词的口诀： ①形容词变副词有规律，后缀-ly加上去；②e结尾，要注意，前为元，要去e；③要是结尾le，前为元，也去e，前为辅，e变y；④y结尾不读［aɪ］，先要把y变成i；⑤ic结尾加ally，public要除开。 equal→equally true→truly whole→wholly gentle→gently happy→happily basic→basically 后缀-ly也可用于构成形容词，意为“具有……性质或特点”。 friendly友好的cowardly怯懦的elderly年老的 Ⅳ．重点短语 1.　be covered with　　 被……覆盖 2.　in the face of　　　 面对…… 3.　be famous for　　　 因……而出名 4.　on the way to　　　 在去……的路上 5.　break down　　　 (机器)停止运转，出故障；使分解；(谈判)失败；(身体)垮掉 6.　in the history of　　　 在……的历史上 7.　be made up of　　　 由……组成 8.　breathe in　　　 吸气 9.　as a result　　　 结果，因此 10.　in the direction of　　 朝……的方向 11.　on the edge of　　　 在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事) 12.　ahead of schedule　　提前，先于预定时间 13.　leave for　　　 动身去…… 14.　turn one’s back (on sb/sth)　 　 对……置之不理，对……撒手不管 15.　run out　　　 用完；耗尽 Ⅴ．经典句型 句型1：as if 引导方式状语从句 I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream． 我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。 句型2：the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell... 第一，物体越大，下落越快…… 句型3：The reason why...is/was that... As you can see，the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision． 如你所见，我能在这里讲这个故事正是因为我做了正确的决定。 句型4：what if...？ But what if I’m trapped？ 但是如果我被困住了怎么办？ 句型5：全部倒装 Then came the total darkness of the polar winter． 极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。 学生用书⬇第60页  shock vt．使震惊；使难以置信(shocked adj．惊愕的，震惊的shocking adj．令人震惊的) 先练透　完成句子/完成语段 ①看见从窗户喷出的可怕的浓烟，他惊呆了。(读后续写之神态描写) Seeing horrible heavy smoke shooting out of the window，he 　was numb with shock　． ②(2025·浙江1月卷)听到父亲的话，凯文震惊地睁大了眼睛。(读后续写之情绪＋动作描写) Hearing his father’s words，Kevin’s eyes 　widened in shock　． ③(2022·浙江1月卷)我的搭档住院了，我对这一消息感到吃惊。与此同时，我很震惊地发现我别无选择，只能自己完成我们的项目。(读后续写之心理描写) 　I was shocked by/at the news that　 my partner was admitted to hospital．Meanwhile，　I was shocked to find that　 I had no option but to finish our project on my own． 后归纳 in shock 震惊；吃惊 be numb with shock　　 震惊得目瞪口呆 be shocked at/by　　 对……吃惊 be shocked to do sth　　 做某事很吃惊  escape vi．&vt．逃离；逃避，摆脱；被遗忘n．逃脱；逃避；漏出 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The frightened deer attempted to escape 　being caught　(catch) by the tiger，but in vain． ②我们不知道怎样从黑暗的山洞里逃出去，浑身发抖，牙齿打战。(读后续写之心理描写) Not knowing 　how to escape from the dark cave　，we quivered all over，with our teeth chattering． ③虽然我们死里逃生，幸运地躲过了被饥饿的北极熊伤害，但我们还是吓得气喘吁吁地。(读后续写之心理描写) Although we 　had a narrow escape　 and fortunately 　escaped being hurt　 by the hungry polar bear，we still panted with extreme fright． 后归纳 (1)escape from 从……逃脱；逃避…… escape (doing) sth　　 逃避/避开(做)某事 (2)have a narrow escape　　 死里逃生；侥幸躲过  survive vi．&vt．活下来；幸存(survival n．幸存survivor n．幸存者) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①All the 　survivors　(survive) have been rescued from the horrible landslide and sent to a nearby shelter． ②When I realized that the poor boy survived 　on　 discarded (丢弃的) food，a wave of sadness and sympathy washed over me． ③生活不是如何从暴风雨中幸存，而是要学会在雨中跳舞。(读后续写之主旨升华) Life isn’t about 　how to survive the storm　；it’s about learning to dance in the rain． 后归纳 survive sth 艰难度过……；从……中活下来 survive on　　 靠……存活下来 A survive B(by＋时间)　　 A比B活得长(……) 学生用书⬇第61页  frightened adj．受惊的，害怕的(fright n．害怕frighten vt．使惊恐；使惊吓frightening adj．令人害怕的，令人恐惧的) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He was frightened 　to jump　 (jump) off the diving board，as he had a fear of heights and was unsure if he could handle the height． ②The robbers frightened the old man into 　giving　(give) them all the money he had． ③当他看见真蛇时，却吓得要死。 When he saw the real snake，he 　was frightened to death　． ④这个小女孩不害怕自己被留在屋子里。 The little girl 　was not frightened of being left by herself　 in the house．(心理描写) 后归纳 (1)be frightened to do sth 不敢去做某事 be frightened of (doing) sth　　 害怕(做)某事 (2)frighten sb  curious adj．好奇的(curiously adv．好奇地curiosity n．求知欲，好奇心) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Curious 　to know　(know) what was inside，he tiptoed into the dark cave． ②(2024·天津3月卷)既然你对科技如何影响中国人的生活感到好奇，我真诚地邀请你访问中国，亲身体验这些进步。(应用文之邀请信) Now that 　you are curious about　 how technologies have an influence on the lives of Chinese people，I sincerely invite you to visit China and experience these advancements first-hand． ③(2023·浙江1月卷)我们很想认识身边的植物，因此，我们好奇地探索高中校园。 We 　were curious to learn about the plants around us　 and as a result，we explored the senior high campus 　curiously/with curiosity　．(应用文之报道) 后归纳 (1)be curious about 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth　　 渴望做某事；对做某事感到好奇 (2)with curiosity　　 好奇地 out of curiosity　　 出于好奇  attempt n．&vt．努力，尝试，企图(attempted adj．未遂的) 先练透　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①(2024·全国甲卷)The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt 　to improve　 (improve) the situation． ②她变得如此激动以至于在试图靠近时不小心撞倒了箱子。(情绪＋动作描写) →So excited did she become that she accidentally knocked over the box 　making/in an attempt to get closer　．(attempt n．) →So excited did she become that she accidentally knocked over the box 　attempting to get closer　．(attempt v．) 后归纳 (1)attempt to do... 尝试/试图做…… (2)make an attempt to do/at doing... 尝试做…… in an attempt to do sth　　 试图做某事 at the first attempt　　 第一次尝试 学生用书⬇第62页  measure vt．估量，衡量；测量 linking v．(尺寸、数量等)量度为n．措施，办法；尺度(measurement n．测量；尺寸) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We rode along the river 　measuring　(measure) over 500 meters long until we finally reached the farm． ②(2023·北京卷)只有我们采取适当的措施来提高环保意识，我们才能在不久的将来建设一个绿色的北京。(应用文之环境保护) Only if 　we take appropriate measures to promote the environmental awareness　 can we build a green Beijing in the near future． ③拿着为我量身定做的裙子，我扑进妈妈的怀里，幸福的泪水夺眶而出。(读后续写之动作＋情绪描写) Holding the skirt 　made to my measure　，I threw myself into my mother’s arms，tears of happiness welling up in my eyes． 后归纳 (1)measure...by... 用……来衡量…… (2)make...to one’s measure 按某人的尺寸做…… take measures (to do sth)=take action/steps (to do sth)　　采取措施(做某事) 【点津】　(1)measure 表“措施”时，应用复数形式。 (2)measure表“有……长(或宽、高等)”时，相当于系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用于被动语态及进行时态。  breathe vi．&vt．呼吸(breath n．呼吸breathless adj．上气不接下气的) 先练透　完成句子 ①我屏住呼吸，打开电子邮件，开始阅读。(读后续写之动作链) I 　held my breath　，opened the e-mail，and started to read． ②手心冒汗，双手颤抖，几乎喘不过气来，我感到恐惧、害怕和内疚交织在一起。(读后续写之动作＋情绪描写) Palm wetting，hands trembling and almost 　out of breath　，I was overwhelmed with a mix of fear，terror and guilt． ③我深吸了一口气，放下自尊，走了过去。“让我来帮你。”我说着伸手去拿箱子。(读后续写之动作＋语言描写) 　Taking a deep breath　，I set aside my pride and walked over．“Let me help you，”I said，reaching for the box． 后归纳 (1)breathe a sigh of relief 如释重负；松了口气 (2)hold one’s breath　　 屏住呼吸 catch one’s breath　　 喘息；歇口气 out of breath　　 上气不接下气 take a deep breath　　 深呼吸  anxiously adv．焦虑地；不安地(anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He was so anxious 　about　 his son’s safety that he couldn’t sleep at night． ②我如坐针毡，正焦急地等待着。(读后续写之心理描写) I was on pins and needles，　waiting with anxiety/anxiously　． ③(2022·浙江6月卷)我急切地呼吁全世界尽一切可能帮助那些有需要的人。(读后续写之主旨升华) I 　am anxious to urge the world to do everything possible　 to help those in need． 后归纳 be anxious for sb/about sth 为某人/某事忧虑 be anxious to do/that...　　 渴望做…… with anxiety=anxiously　　 焦虑地 学生用书⬇第63页  run out用完；耗尽 先练透　用run短语的适当形式填空 　　I was jogging on the street when I ①　ran across/into　 my cousin，who was ②　running for　 president of the Student Association．He told me that he had been ③　running after　 this dream in the past two months，so he felt as if his energy were ④　running out　．Afraid that he would ⑤　run out of　 all his energy，I invited him to sit by the roadside，patiently informing him of some do’s and don’ts． 后归纳 run out of 用完；耗尽(主语为人) run across　　 偶然遇见 run after　　 追赶；追求 run into　　 撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) run for　　 竞选；匆匆去取  break down(机器)停止运转，出故障；使分解；(谈判)失败；(身体)垮掉 先练透　用break的相关短语填空 ①Only by communicating it face to face can we 　break down　 the invisible barrier between us． ②My dog suddenly 　broke away from　 me，charged at the door and began to bark fiercely．(动作链) ③Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to 　break up　 our marriage． ④The scientist 　broke through　 in his research and he clapped his hands，　breaking into　 a smile． ⑤It was quite some time before they managed to 　break through　 the enemy’s barrier． 后归纳 break up　 打碎；分裂；解体；结束；分手 break in　　 破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into　　 强行闯入；突然……起来 break away from 脱离；挣脱 break off　　 (使)分离；(使)脱离；停止；中止 break out　　 (战争、火灾)爆发；发生 break through　　 冲破障碍；(在某领域)有进展或突破  the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... ［教材原句］　The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell... 第一，物体越大，下落越快…… 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The more roads and parking lots we pave，the 　less　(little) water can flow into the ground to become groundwater． ②她越想这个问题，就越感到害怕，手心在冒汗，心跳得厉害。(读后续写之心理描写) 　The more she thought about this matter　，　the more frightened she felt　，her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly． ③(2024·全国甲卷)从图片上看，中国的交通变得越来越先进了。交通方式越多，中国人的生活就越方便。 Judging from the pictures，Chinese transport 　has become more and more advanced　．The more means of transportation there are，　the more convenient Chinese people’s life will be　． 后归纳 (1)“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为“越……，就越……”。 (2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。 (3)“the more...，the less...”意为“越……，越不……”。 【点津】　“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级...”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来；第二个“the＋比较级...”是主句，用一般将来时。 学生用书⬇第64页 维度一　词汇语境运用 1.(2025·北京卷)Instantly，eyes turned to me with newfound interest and 　curiosity　(curious)． 2.(2024·浙江1月卷)In her first P．E．class，Eva 　was shocked　(shock) when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside． 3.(2024·天津3月卷)Exercise is not only good for our bodies，but it can also boost our mood and help us deal with 　anxiety　(anxious)． 4.(2023·浙江1月卷)The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped 　from　 the tree． 5.(2023·全国乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting 　to photograph　(photograph)． 6.(2024·全国甲卷)There，they would walk through deep water，sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 　breath　(breathe) while they watched all action going on around them． 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the 　basic　 (base) principles of photography in the wild． 8.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The 　loss　(lose) of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world． 9.(2022·全国乙卷)Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides 　equally　(equal) contact(联系) and share with one another． 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ．熟词生义、一词多义 1.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 (1)The young man floated an innovative idea to his employer，but got turned down．　vt．提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)　 (2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them，and what traps they encountered that you should avoid．　n．陷阱　 (3)(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Once the registration form is received and processed，we will send a confirmation email within two business days．　vt．审核　 2.一词多义 (1)lecture ［对点微练］——选出lecture的含义 A．n．讲座　 B．n．训斥，谴责　 C．vi．作演讲；讲课 D．vt．指责，告诫 ①He began to lecture us about making too much noise． 　　 D　　 ②She travelled widely in North America，lecturing on women’s rights． 　　C　　 ③My father caught me and gave me a long lecture about the dangers of drink．　　B　　 ④Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public． 　　A　　 (2)operation ［对点微练］——选出operation的含义 A．n．行动，活动　B．n．手术　C．n．操作 ①The operation could prolong his life by two or three years． 　　B　　 学生用书⬇第65页 ②Operation of the device is extremely simple． 　　C　　 ③The police have launched a major operation against drug suppliers． 　　A　　 (3)observe ［对点微练］——选出observe的含义 A．vt．观察　B．vt．注意到　C．vt．遵守　D．vt．庆祝 ①Anyone who comes here must observe the social distancing rules and wear a mask．　　C　　 ②Last weekend，our teachers took us on field trips to observe plants and animals．　　A　　 ③Jack observed a look of anxiety on his brother’s face． 　　B　　 ④Chinese all over the world observe the Spring Festival． 　　D　　 (4)title ［对点微练］——写出title的词性和词义 The hard-working athlete won the Olympic title① in Paris and in her spare time，she often reads a book titled② “Who’s Who in the World”and watches a movie with the title③ of“Forrest Gump”．It is because of her great efforts that she is awarded the title④ of“Star Athlete of the Week”． 　①n．冠军　②vt．加标题于　③n．题目，标题　④n．称号　 Ⅱ．构词法 写出下列黑体词的含义 1.(2025·全国一卷)They could have written pages on the necessity of computers，but writing，in and of itself，simply didn’t strike them as important． 　只不过，仅仅　 2.(2025·全国二卷)Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey，you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show． 　可能　 3.(2025·全国二卷)“Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants，”says Knuth． 　在学业上　 4.The still water of the lake mirrored the shapely figure of the mountain． 　轮廓优美的；外形匀称的　 5.She truly believes that kindness can change the world，and she lives by that principle every day． 　真正地，确实　 Part 1.应用文增分练(报道——到森林公园远足) 　　用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作，再背诵。 【情境呈现】 　　假定你校上周组织学生到森林公园远足，请按以下写作要点写一篇报道发到你校英文报上，内容包括： 　　1.远足时间；2.活动内容；3.感受。 【布局谋篇】 首段 总起全文，介绍去森林公园远足 　　Last Sunday，we students and our teachers ①　went together to explore the Forest Park　(一起去探索森林公园)． 中段 具体介绍 远足的细节 　　We arose early and started out at 7 am．We ②　had no difficulty in getting to our destination　(不费劲就到达了目的地) within an hour．Before the exploration，we had made full preparations．On the way to the Forest Park，we were all cheerful and ③　curious about everything around us　(对我们周围的一切事物都很好奇)．In the Forest Park，④　the misty mountains in the distance took our breath away　(远处雾气缭绕的群山美得让我们惊叹不已)． 尾段 表达自己对这 次远足的感受 　　Through the exploration，⑤　we not only got close to nature but also had our stress relieved　(我们不仅接近了自然，也缓解了我们的压力)． 学生用书⬇第66页 【多元表达】 ⑥用主语从句升级句④The misty mountains in the distance took our breath away →　What took our breath away was the misty mountains in the distance．　 ⑦用倒装句升级句⑤We not only got close to nature but also had our stress relieved →　Not only did we get close to nature but also we had our stress relieved．　 Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写之“高兴、快乐”(二) 【语言素材】 蓝天 白云 white clouds float in the blue sky朵朵白云飘在蔚蓝的天空 微风 拂面 a light/spring breeze kisses sb’s cheeks微风/春风亲吻某人的面颊 日月 星辰 ①warm sunlight flood in　　　　 温暖的阳光倾泻而入； ②be bathed in sunlight/soft moonlight　　沐浴在阳光中/柔和的月光中； ③stars twinkle at sb happily/with joy　　星星高兴地向某人眨眼 花草 树木 ①the air is filled with the pleasant smell of flowers空气中弥漫着宜人的花香； ②flowers bloom　　花儿盛开； ③green grass　　绿草如茵 场景/动物等 ①laughter lingers笑声不绝于耳； ②happiness等“喜乐”词汇＋fill＋地点名词　　……喜气洋洋； ③there was a cheer in every face　　大家脸上洋溢着欢乐； ④birds chirp merrily　　鸟儿欢快地啾啾鸣唱 【靓句表达】 1.When the teacher announced her poem had won first prize，Lily’s eyes suddenly lit up like stars， and a wide smile burst across her face．当老师宣布她的诗获得一等奖时，莉莉的眼睛突然像星星一样亮了起来，一抹灿烂的笑容绽满了脸庞。 2.Enormous joy welled up in the whole yard．Shining stars began to appear in the sky， blinking at them happily． 整个院子里洋溢着巨大的喜悦。天上开始出现闪闪的繁星，高兴地向他们眨眼睛。 3.The moment the little girl saw the puppy waiting for her under the Christmas tree，a sense of joy flooded over her．小女孩看到圣诞树下等着她的小狗的那一刻，一股喜悦涌上心头。 4.When the long-lost grandfather walked through the door， the living room was instantly filled with happiness． 当失散多年的爷爷走进家门时，客厅瞬间被喜悦填满。 5.As night fell， stars appeared in the sky， twinkling their eyes at them with joy． 夜幕降临，星星出现在天空中，欢快地向他们眨着眼睛。 6.After several attempts， they finally made it，with the popcorn singing happily in the pan． 经过几次尝试之后，他们终于成功了，爆米花在锅里欢快地歌唱。 学生用书⬇第67页 续写语料运用　用表“高兴、快乐”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景：主题“友情感悟”——成为朋友后的“高兴、快乐” 　　Turning around， I saw Diane ①　flying to me like a joyful bird　 (像快乐的小鸟向我飞奔过来；比喻)．She exclaimed that she would befriend me．I ②　grinned with delight　 (高兴得咧嘴笑)．As the breeze kissed our cheeks， we talked a lot and I was pleasantly surprised to find we had a lot in common．③　The sunny afternoon witnessed our pleasant chat　 (在这个阳光灿烂的下午，我们愉快地聊天；无灵主语句)， and our hearts got closer thanks to the pure friendship．Every time we found a new common interest， ④　a little spark of happiness would flash in both our eyes　(我们眼里都会闪过一丝快乐的微光)， making the sunny afternoon even more lovely． (2025·全国一卷阅读理解D) 　　Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas， stuck inside volcanic rocks， filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow．They are even appearing inside humans． 　　Now， new research suggests that a simple， cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头)： boiling and filtering (过滤) it．In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters， researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics． 　　Crucially， this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics．In the study， boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics．But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate， boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent．Additionally， the research didn’t include all types of plastics．The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene， polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride． 　　Still， the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult．Even bottled water， scientists found earlier this year， contains 10 to 1，000 times more microplastics than originally thought． 　　Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns．The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake．“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice，” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay， an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research， tells New Scientist．“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics．” ［做真题］——感悟高考考法 32.How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph？ A．By quoting an expert． B．By defining a concept． C．By giving examples． D．By providing statistics． 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas， stuck inside volcanic rocks， filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow．They are even appearing inside humans．”可知，第一段通过列举微塑料出现在深海、喜马拉雅山、火山岩、海鸟胃、南极雪中，甚至人体中的例子，说明其污染的普遍性和严重性，因此 C 项正确。 学生用书⬇第68页 33.What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water？ A．The hardness of water． B．The length of cooling time． C．The frequency of filtering． D．The type of plastic in water． 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“boiling hard water containing ...an almost 90 percent drop in plastics ...boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent．”可知，水的硬度(即碳酸钙含量)直接决定去除微塑料的有效性，因此 A 项正确。 34.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4？ A．The importance of plastic recycling． B．The severity of the microplastic problem． C．The danger in overusing pure water． D．The difficulty in treating polluted water． 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Even bottled water ...contains 10 to 1，000 times more microplastics than originally thought．”可知，作者提到瓶装水旨在强调微塑料污染的严重性，因此 B 项正确。 35.What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about？ A．Choice of new research methods． B．Possible direction for further study． C．Need to involve more researchers． D．Potential application of the findings． 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。最后一段中 Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay 提到，通过煮沸水去除微塑料的方法非常好，根据“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics．”可知， Gauchotte-Lindsay 建议升级饮用水处理厂以去除微塑料，这是这项发现的潜在应用，是将研究发现用于解决实际问题，因此D项正确。 ［理脉络］——理清行文结构 ［再利用］——深挖文本资源 (一)由文本积重点词汇 1.microplastic n．［派生］　　 　微塑料　 2.intake n．［合成］　　 　吸入量，摄入量　 3.upgrade v．［合成］　　 　(使)升级　 4.hardness n．［派生］　　 　硬度　 5.severity n．［派生］　　 　严重　 6.overuse v．［派生］　　 　过度使用　 (二)由文本变熟词生义 1.trap熟义：v．设陷阱捕捉；使陷入圈套 生义： 　v．收集，吸收　 Crucially， this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics． 2.bottle 熟义： n．瓶子 生义： 　v．用瓶装　 Even bottled water， scientists found earlier this year， contains 10 to 1，000 times more microplastics than originally thought． (三)由文本学长难句分析 　In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters， researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics． ［分析］　这是一个主从复合句，主句为主谓宾结构；其中 that 引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主语是 　boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools　，谓语是　could remove　，宾语是　at least 80 percent of its microplastics　。 ［翻译］　　在周三发表在《环境科学与技术快报》的一项研究中，中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸仅五分钟，然后冷却后过滤，可以去除其中至少80%的微塑料。　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $