Unit5+Unit6 核心单词+短语+句型+满分作文2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语知识清单系统整合新人教版八年级下册Unit5“Nature’s Temper”与Unit6“Crossing Cultures”核心内容，涵盖灾难与文化主题的核心单词、重点短语、核心句型、语法考点及满分作文，搭建从词汇积累到语法应用再到写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“必考标注+语法对比+实用模板”构建知识体系，如Unit5标注“过去进行时”为期末重点并区分when/while用法，Unit6对比“used to do/be used to doing”易混点，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特别设计“押题考点”及可直接背诵的三段式作文，辅助不同学生高效掌握要点，教师可据此精准设计教学，提升课堂实效。

新人教版八年级英语下册｜Unit5+Unit6 核心单词+短语+句型+满分作文 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper ✅ 一、核心单词 1. disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n. 灾难；灾害 2. earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ n. 地震 3. typhoon /taɪˈfuːn/ n. 台风 4. wildfire /ˈwaɪldfaɪə(r)/ n. 野火；森林火灾 5. snowstorm /ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ n. 暴风雪 6. flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水；v. 淹没；泛滥 7. drought /draʊt/ n. 干旱 8. tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ n. 龙卷风 9. tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ n. 海啸 10. prepare /prɪˈpeə(r)/ v. 准备 → preparation n. 准备 11. predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ v. 预测；预报 → prediction n. 预测 12. survive /səˈvaɪv/ v. 幸存 → survival n. 幸存；survivor n. 幸存者 13. warn /wɔːn/ v. 警告；提醒 14. shake /ʃeɪk/ v. 摇动；震动 → 过去式 shook；过去分词 shaken 15. power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 电力；能量；力量 ✅ 二、重点短语（中考/期末必考)  at the time of 在……发生的时候  go off （闹钟）响；（电）断掉  prepare for 为……做准备  take place 发生（有计划、有预谋）  happen to sb. 某人发生某事（偶然发生）  in times of difficulty 在困难时期  pick up 捡起；接电话；（开车）接人  all of a sudden = suddenly 突然  be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事  have the power to do 有能力/权力做…… ✅ 三、核心句型 1. What were you doing when the earthquake happened? 地震发生时你在做什么？（过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时 经典句型） 2. I was sleeping when it started to rain heavily. 开始下大雨时我正在睡觉。 3. While I was reading, my mother was cooking. 我在看书时，妈妈在做饭。（while 连接两边延续性过去进行时） 4. It’s important to prepare for disasters. 为灾害做准备很重要。 ✅ 四、核心语法：过去进行时（期末重中之重）  基本结构：was/were + doing  常用标志词：at 8:00 yesterday, at that time, when, while  必考区分：  when：后接一般过去时（短暂突发动作）  while：后接过去进行时（持续进行动作）     🌏 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures ✅ 一、核心单词 1. culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/ n. 文化 → cultural adj. 文化的 2. manners /ˈmænəz/ n. 礼貌；礼仪 3. impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n. 印象 4. custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n. 习俗；风俗 5. tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统 → traditional adj. 传统的 6. behave /bɪˈheɪv/ v. 表现；举止 → behavior n. 行为 7. polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj. 礼貌的 → politely adv. 礼貌地 8. rude /ruːd/ adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的 9. correct /kəˈrekt/ adj. 正确的 → correctly adv. 正确地 10. marry /ˈmæri/ v. 结婚 → married adj. 已婚的 11. congratulate /kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt/ v. 祝贺 → congratulation n. 祝贺 补充:表“祝贺”务必用复数 congratulations 12. surprise /səˈpraɪz/ v. 使惊奇 → surprised（人感到惊奇）；surprising（事物令人惊奇） ✅ 二、重点短语（中考高频必考）  table manners 餐桌礼仪  sit up 坐直  keep … off 使不靠近；避开  serving chopsticks 公筷  be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）某事  used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不再做）  hear from sb. 收到某人来信  get along with sb. 与某人相处  first impression 第一印象  go a long way 大有帮助；很管用 ✅ 三、核心句型 1. It’s polite to wait in line. 排队等候是礼貌的。（It’s + adj. + to do 万能句型） 2. You are supposed to shake hands when you meet someone. 见面时你应该握手。（be supposed to do 高频考点） 3. We should avoid talking with our mouth full. 我们应该避免满嘴食物说话。（avoid doing 固定用法） 4. Different countries have different cultures and customs. 不同国家有不同的文化和习俗。 ✅ 四、核心语法考点 1. be supposed to do 应该/理应做……（同义替换=should） 2. be used to doing 习惯于做某事 / used to do 过去常常做某事（期末最大易混点） 3. so … that … 如此……以至于……（结果状语从句） 期末终极押题｜Unit5+Unit6 必考考点 Unit5 押题（期末必考） 1. when & while 时态辨析（完形、选词压轴考点） 2. 过去进行时语境填空（过去特定时刻动作场景必考） 3. heavily 副词用法（固定搭配 rain/snow heavily，高频错题） 4. pick up 多义词义辨析（捡起/接电话/接人，完形高频） Unit6 押题（期末高频重难点） 1. used to do / be used to doing 短语辨析（必考） 2. be supposed to do   3. polite / rude / correctly  4. 中外礼仪、文化差异主题阅读理解（期末阅读题材） 中考三段式满分作文（可直接背诵） 作文一（Unit5 押题：Unusual Experience 一次难忘的突发经历） Last Sunday, I had an unusual experience. It was raining heavily when I walked home alone. All of a sudden, the wind blew strongly and the sky turned dark quickly. At that time, I was walking slowly on the street. Many people were running home. I realized I had to move fast to keep safe. I tried my best to walk against the strong wind. Finally, I got home safely. From this experience, I learned that we should prepare for bad weather in advance. It teaches me to stay calm when unexpected things happen.   作文二（Unit6 押题：Good Manners in Our Life 生活中的文明礼仪） Good manners matter a lot in our daily life. Different places have different customs. Being polite helps us leave a good impression on others. We are supposed to behave politely in public. We must wait in line and never be rude to others. We should also follow proper table manners while eating. Good manners make it easier for us to get along with people around us. In my opinion, good manners are a fine traditional virtue. I will stick to good habits and try my best to be a polite student all the time.   学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $