2027届高考英语一轮复习译林版选择性必修三Unit3单元各部分短语背诵

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统整合了Unit3 Reading、Grammar、Integrated Skills及Extended reading模块短语，涵盖航海探索、历史人物、文化传播等主题，按文本段落和功能场景分类呈现核心词汇与表达。 清单采用分主题层级设计，如郑和下西洋短语分背景、过程、影响三级呈现，结合历史事件短语培养文化意识，标注语境用法提升语言能力，特设应用提示（如“on behalf of”在外交场景中的搭配）。系统分类便于学生自主梳理，教师可据此设计语境练习，助力高效备考。

Unit3 Reading Sailing the oceans P30-31短语 P30 第一自然段：介绍郑和首次下西洋的背景与船队规模 1. China’s greatest explorers 中国最伟大的探险家 2. set sail from Taicang 从太仓启航 3. navigate the blue seas 航行于蓝色海洋 4. a fleet of over 200 ships 一支由 200 多艘船组成的船队 5. on his first voyage 在他的第一次航行中 6. demonstrating the advanced technology 展示先进技术 7. special skills used in constructing ships 造船的特殊技艺 第二自然段：介绍郑和七次下西洋的航行过程与成果 8. on behalf of the Ming Dynasty 代表明朝 9. a total of seven voyages 总共七次航行 10. be loaded with china, silk, tea and other treasures 装载着瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他珍宝 11. pay friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions 友好访问了 30 多个国家和地区 12. sail as far as the east coast of Africa 航行远至非洲东海岸 13. take compass readings 读取罗盘读数 14. keep logs of their voyages 记录航行日志 15. chart the coast 绘制海岸地图 第三自然段：介绍郑和下西洋的历史影响与文化意义 16. a far-reaching impact on China and its neighbours 对中国及其邻国产生深远影响 harmonious relations with these countries and regions 与这些国家和地区建立和谐关系 17. expose foreign people to Chinese culture 让外国人民了解中国文化 18. better understand overseas lands 更好地了解海外土地 第四自然段：介绍郑和航海的历史地位与后世评价 19. dismiss the records of these voyages as legends 认为这些航行记录是传说 20. the final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered 大型造船厂的发现提供了最终证据 21. widely acknowledged 得到广泛认可 22. one of China’s most influential explorers 中国最具影响力的探险家之一 P31 第一自然段：介绍哥伦布的早年经历与开启航海生涯 1. make great discoveries 取得重大发现 2. overcome many challenges 克服诸多挑战 3. born in a port city of Italy 出生于意大利的一座港口城市 4. loved sailing 热爱航海 5. showed great interest in geography 对地理表现出浓厚兴趣 6. begin his career as a seaman 开启海员生涯 第二自然段：讲述哥伦布横渡大西洋的航行背景与过程 7. insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies 坚持寻找通往东印度群岛的直接海上航线 8. sailing across the Atlantic Ocean 横渡大西洋 9. received financial support from the King and Queen of Spain 获得西班牙国王和王后的资助 10. departed from Spain 从西班牙出发 11. carry about 90 crewmen 搭载约 90 名船员 12. full of challenges 充满挑战 13. faced a shortage of food 面临食物短缺 14. leaking badly 船只严重漏水 15. put everyone on this ship in grave danger 让船上所有人陷入极大危险 16. in panic 陷入恐慌 17. managed to keep everyone out of danger 设法让所有人脱离危险 18. spotted land in the distance 发现远处的陆地 19. called the natives living on the islands Indians 称岛上原住民为印第安人 20. convinced that he was in the East Indies 确信自己身处东印度群岛 21. the shores they had reached were of the Caribbean, not the East Indies 实际到达的是加勒比海岸，而非东印度群岛 第三自然段：介绍哥伦布后续航行与历史贡献 22. three subsequent voyages 三次后续航行 23. found more land over the course of his three voyages 在三次航行中发现更多陆地 24. "discovered" the New World “发现” 了新大陆 25. inspired explorers such as Captain James Cook 激励了詹姆斯・库克船长等探险家 26. opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration 开启了大航海时代的新篇章 27. witnessed many important geographical findings 见证了诸多重要地理发现 28. allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures 推动了思想与文化的国际交流 Grammar P34短语汇总 第一段：早年受影响，学习游历积累 1. one of the greatest historians in Chinese history 中国历史上最伟大的史学家之一 2. be influenced by his father 受他父亲的影响 3. take an interest in history 对历史产生兴趣 4. learn Chinese classics from the great literary masters 向文学大师学习中国典籍 5. begin travelling extensively across the country 开始在全国广泛游历 6. get a wide range of information 获取广泛的信息 7. help him in his later career as a historian 对他后来的史学家生涯有帮助 第二段：继承父志，担任太史令修史 8. write a great masterpiece recording what had happened in history 撰写一部记录历史的伟大著作 9. succeed his father as Grand Historian 接替父亲担任太史令 10. facilitate his access to official books and files 让他能够接触官方藏书和档案 11. sort out all the available resources 整理所有可用的资料 12. require painstaking efforts 需要艰苦的努力 13. do his job more effectively and efficiently 更高效地完成他的工作 第三段：忍辱负重，终成《史记》 14. carry on with his work 继续他的工作 15. something awful happened 发生了可怕的事 16. be put in prison 被投入监狱 17. suffer a lot of pain physically and mentally 遭受身心的巨大痛苦 18. in good times or bad times 无论顺境还是逆境 19. after more than ten years of hard work 经过十多年的努力 Integrated Skills P37短语汇总 第一段：通俗历史书让历史更受大众欢迎 1. a heavy topic for the general reader 对普通读者来说枯燥的话题 2. a thing of the past 过去的事 第二段：通俗历史书让历史更易懂、易接受 3. shape the present day 塑造当下 4. academic history books 学术历史著作 5. the rise of popular history books 通俗历史读物的兴起 6. more accessible than ever 比以往更易获取 / 理解 7. present historical information 呈现历史信息 8. a touch of humour 一点幽默 9. inform and educate a wider audience 向更广泛的受众科普教育 10. provide a knowledge base 提供知识基础 11. walk before they can run 循序渐进（先学走再学跑） 第三段：通俗历史书的写作特点与优势 12. adopt a natural, chatty style of writing 采用自然、口语化的写作风格 13. open up the subject matter to the ordinary reader 让普通读者了解这一主题 14. use stories and interesting comparisons 用故事和有趣的对比 15. describe historical figures or events vividly 生动描述历史人物或事件 16. engage the reader's interest 吸引读者兴趣 17. be packed with vivid descriptions and fun facts 充满生动描述和趣味事实 18. highly readable and true to life 可读性强且贴近真实 第四段：通俗历史书与学术历史书的关系 19. a fantastic way to introduce people to the basics of history 让人们了解历史基础的绝佳方式 20. contrary to 与…… 相反 21. adopt a more analytical and serious approach 采用更具分析性、严肃的方式 22. lead you to the doorway of a palace 带你来到宫殿门口 23. truly explore it 真正探索它 Extended reading Hell comes to Pearl Harbor P39-40 第一段：日军突袭珍珠港，船员毫无防备 1. the wake-up call 起床号 2. stretch and rub their eyes 伸懒腰揉眼睛 3. make his bed 整理床铺 4. be dressed in their uniforms 穿上制服 5. look like a normal day 看起来和平常一样 第二段：空袭骤至，船员陷入恐慌 6. a huge crashing sound 巨大的撞击声 7. shake violently 剧烈摇晃 8. look at each other in horror 惊恐地对视 9. circle like eagles 像鹰一样盘旋 10. dive down to drop bombs 俯冲投弹 11. the scream of their engines 引擎的尖啸声 12. bombs thunder all around 炸弹在周围轰鸣 13. clouds of black smoke rise into the sky 黑烟滚滚升起 第三段：战舰中弹沉没，船员伤亡惨重 14. feel his blood freeze 感到血液凝固 15. rush up to the deck 冲上甲板 第四段：Louis 奋力救助伤员，传递消息 16. be thrown into the sea 被抛入海中 17. be severely burnt 严重烧伤 18. in terrible pain 剧痛难忍 19. receive the order to abandon ship 接到弃船命令 20. drag them into the lifeboat 把他们拖上救生艇 21. get in touch with them 和他们取得联系 第五段：Russell 获救幸存，深受创伤 22. be saved from the water 从水中获救 23. be badly burnt, bleeding heavily 严重烧伤、大量出血 24. described it simply as “hell” 只称之为 “地狱” 第六段：珍珠港事件的伤亡与影响 25. few survivors from the Arizona 亚利桑那号的少数幸存者 26. hatch a plot to launch a surprise attack 策划偷袭 27. without warning and without declaring war 不宣而战 28. the only full pair to survive the attack 唯一幸存的一对兄弟 第七段：美国参战，亚利桑那号成为永久纪念 29. come as a great shock to the whole nation 震惊全国 30. deliver his famous Pearl Harbor Speech 发表著名的珍珠港演说 31. “a date which will live in infamy” “一个国耻日” declare war on Japan 对日本宣战 32. lie where it sinks 沉没处 33. be marked with a memorial shaped like a bridge 建有桥形纪念馆 34. show respect for those who had lost their lives 悼念遇难者 35. pray for world peace 祈求世界和平 36. the darkest episodes in American history 美国历史上最黑暗的篇章 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $