暑假作业02 情态动词（巩固培优）八年级英语新教材外研版

**基本信息** 以表格归纳、易混对比和真题应用构建情态动词专项训练体系，系统覆盖核心用法、推测功能及易错辨析，提升语言应用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心用法|7个情态动词|表格系统归纳含义、用法、否定及回答|从基础含义到语法功能，建立概念框架| |表推测|4类功能+例句|分类说明推测功能及语气差异，标注易错点|区分肯定/否定/疑问推测，明确语气强弱| |易混对比|5组对比|对比易混点（如must/have to），明确使用场景|通过反例辨析，深化概念理解| |题型应用|单选10题+句子5题|结合中考真题，强化用法辨析与语境应用|从知识到应用，实现能力迁移|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业02 情态动词 一、情态动词的核心用法 情态动词 含义 用法 否定形式 疑问句回答 should 应该 建议，劝告 shouldn’t / must 必须 主观必要 mustn’t 禁止 Yes, … must No, … needn’t can/ could 能/ 可以 能力/ 允许，请求 can’t / need 需要 常用否定和疑问 needn’t 不必 Yes, … must No, … needn’t have to 不得不 客观必要 don’t have to 不必 / had better 最好 建议，劝告 had better not 不用于疑问句 may/ might 也许/ 可能 可能性/ 允许，请求 may not/ might not / 二、情态动词表推测 情态动词 功能 例句 must 肯定推测（很确定） He must be tired. 他一定很累。 may/ might/ could 肯定推测（不确定） She may be at home. 他也许在家。 can’t 否定推测（不可能） It can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。 can/ could 疑问推测（可能吗） Can this be real? 这能是真的吗？ ⚠️ 易错提醒 · must 表推测时 不用于否定句和疑问句，否定推测 不用 mustn’t，而用 can’t · may not 表示“可能不”，不是“不可能” 三、易错易混淆概念对比 1. must vs. have to must：主观认为必要（我觉着必须） have to：客观被迫（没办法，必须）e.g. （×）I must go to work because it’s raining. （√）I have to go to work because my bike is broken. 2. mustn’t vs. don’t have to mustn’t：禁止（一定不要） don’t have to：不必（没必要）e.g. You mustn’t tell him.（不准说） You don’t have to tell him.（不用说） 3. may / might / can / could 表示可能 may：可能性较大 might：可能性较小 can：常用于否定/疑问（表示可能） could：各种句式均可 4. must / can / may 推测句式的语气 must：一定（很肯定） may / might / could：可能（不太确定） can’t：不可能（否定推测） 5. 表示请求时，委婉程度could > can；might > may。 一、单项选择 1．（25-26八年级下·甘肃陇南·期中）To protect your eyes, you ________ rest your eyes every 20 minutes. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t 2．（25-26八年级下·云南曲靖·阶段检测）—________ you help me take out the rubbish? —Sure. I’m coming. A．Should B．Could C．May D．Must 3．（25-26八年级下·陕西商洛·期中）—Is that Lily over there? —It ________ be her. She has the flu and has to stay at home. A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．can’t 4．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）—Must I give back the magazine today? —No, you ________. You can ________ it for another month. A．needn’t; borrow B．mustn’t; keep C．needn’t; keep D．mustn’t; borrow 5．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）You’d better ________ late for the after-school club. A．not be B．don’t be C．won’t be D．isn’t 6．（25-26八年级下·江西宜春·阶段检测）The storm ________ not hit our city; the weather report says it will move to the north. A．may B．must C．should D．cannot 7．（2026八年级下·全国·专题练习）— ________ I take photos of cultural relics in the museum? — No, you ________. It will do harm to these old treasures. A．Could; couldn’t B．May; may not C．May; mustn’t D．Must; don’t have to 8．（25-26八年级下·北京·期中）You ________ eat fast food every day, son. It’s not good for you. A．should B．shouldn’t C．may not D．may 9．（25-26八年级下·江苏常州·期中）— Do you remember the robots that performed martial arts (武术) on the Spring Festival Gala? — Yes. They ________ practise a lot to make those moves perfect. It’s a real show of technology. A．can B．may C．have to D．need 10．（25-26八年级下·安徽亳州·期中）She _________ speak three languages as a child. A．might B．could C．should D．would 二、按要求完成句子 1．你最好与观众进行更多的眼神交流。 ________ ________ make more eye contact with the audience. 2．春季很容易得流感，所以你应该戴好口罩。 It’s easy to catch the flu in spring, so you ________ ________ a mask. 3．你的父母一定为你感到骄傲。 Your parents ________________________________________ you. 4．如果你在室外，尽快前往开阔的地方。 If you are outside, get to an open area ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 5．你一次可以借三本书，但必须在一个月内归还。 You ________ ________ three books ________ ________ ________, but you ________ ________ them within a month. 一、阅读理解 A Living in a city for one day with just one yuan seems impossible, but 60 students from Xi’an accepted this challenge. The “One Yuan Metropolis Survival” activity tested students’ living skills while raising money for charity. This event has happened in eight cities and is going to four others including Beijing in May. To face challenges, some students thought of many ways to earn money. They looked for part-time jobs. Zhang Qiyue who is 14 years old asked more than 10 restaurants for a job before finally getting a job as a waiter. “I felt worried when refused, but I got used to it slowly,” he said. After working for eight hours in a day, he earned 200 yuan. Others made use of their artistic abilities in public. Zhao Jiacheng, another 14-year-old student, successfully sold his handmade paper crafts and drawings. “This experience showed that it’s important to develop a special skill,” he said. The money from this event will help poor schools in Tibet. As the activity spreads to more cities, students learn important lessons about never giving up and being creative. This challenge shows that with hard work and skills, young people can solve difficult problems. 1．How many cities have already held this activity before Xi’an? A．4 cities. B．12 cities. C．8 cities. D．10 cities. 2．What can we know from Zhao Jiacheng’s success? A．Art skills are useless in real life. B．Public performances are useful. C．Special talents can help earn money. D．Handicrafts are easy to make for him. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①/②/③/④ B．①/②/③④ C．①②/③④ D．①/②③/④ 4．What information can we get from the last paragraph? A．The amount of money they raised. B．The educational value of the challenge. C．The students’ opinions about challenge. D．The future working plans for the activity. B Guyu, the 6th solar term in the Chinese lunar year, comes between April 19 and 21 every year. Its name means “grain rain”, because the soft spring rain is quite helpful for the growth of crops. As the weather turns warmer and warmer, the rain makes the whole countryside green and lively, which plays a key role in the coming farming season. For thousands of years, Chinese farmers have regarded Guyu as the best time for planting. They often move young rice seedlings to the wet fields, singing traditional folk songs to welcome the warm spring rain. People used to say, “Spring rain is as precious as oil.” Farmers believe the rain is a wonderful gift from nature for a good harvest. Without enough rain, the young crops would easily dry up in the sun. Near the sea, fishermen also keep their special Guyu traditions, praying for a good catch before they start their sailing. When the rain stops, many families will walk to the green mountains to pick fresh tea leaves. Guyu tea is famous for its special taste, and people believe it can help cool the body on warm spring days. Some cheerful children run after butterflies among the tea plants, with their small baskets full of fresh green leaves. Besides, Guyu is also the great time for peonies to bloom. Known as “the queen of flowers”, peonies turn the hillsides into pink, red and white. Local people always say, “Three days after Guyu, come to enjoy the peonies!” As spring is going to end and summer is coming near, Guyu makes us realize the importance of being thankful to nature. Every drop of rain and every blooming flower holds the hope of new life. 1．Why is Guyu an important solar term for farmers? A．Because it marks the beginning of spring. B．Because the spring rain helps crops grow well. C．Because farmers can pick tea leaves at this time. D．Because it is the best time to enjoy flowers. 2．The underlined word “seedlings” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A．young rice plants B．small farming tools C．traditional folk songs D．heavy spring rains 3．What can we learn from the passage about Guyu? A．Children run after butterflies to pick tea leaves. B．Guyu tea can help cool the body, and peonies bloom in pink, red and white. C．Peonies only bloom for three days after Guyu. D．People must pick tea leaves before the rain stops. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Summer is better than spring. B．Peonies are the most beautiful flowers. C．We should be thankful to nature for new life. D．People should plant more trees after Guyu. 二、完形填空 （25-26八年级下·山东枣庄·阶段检测）Every year, my family celebrates the Dragon Boat Festival. We eat zongzi and watch dragon boat races. This year, Grandma taught me how to 1 zongzi. She said, “This tradition is not just about food; it’s about 2 our history.” We wrapped rice and fillings in bamboo leaves. Grandma told me the story of Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet who 3 himself in the river. People threw zongzi into the water to protect his body from fish. I felt a deep sense of 4 for our culture. That day, I realized that traditions are like bridges connecting the past and the 5 . By learning them, we keep our ancestors’ 6 alive. Even a simple dish like zongzi carries 7 and values. Now, I help Grandma every year. I also tell the story to my younger cousins. Passing down traditions is a way to show 8 to our elders and culture. I hope these customs will never be 9 . They are part of who we are and teach us important 10 like loyalty and unity. 1．A．buy B．make C．eat D．sell 2．A．forgetting B．remembering C．changing D．hiding 3．A．saved B．taught C．drowned D．found 4．A．pride B．shame C．fear D．anger 5．A．future B．school C．country D．world 6．A．secrets B．spirit C．money D．books 7．A．stories B．games C．jokes D．problems 8．A．respect B．regret C．anger D．fear 9．A．lost B．found C．changed D．written 10．A．skills B．lessons C．rules D．hobbies 三、语篇填空 A （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中）Every year, many 1 (visit) come to the mountains of Sichuan to see the pandas. This shy animal is one of the 2 (world) most famous animals. Its home is the cool, green, bamboo forest. Many years ago, the forest got 3 (small) than before. People cut down bamboos to plant tea, 4 the pandas had to look for a new place to live. The government called on all people to green the mountains and save the pandas. Local schools 5 (start) to organize many activities to help. Students from schools collected lots of old books and sold them 6 (raise) money. The money 7 (use) to buy young bamboo plants and help keep the pandas safe from harm. Thanks to the efforts, the situation for giant pandas has improved a lot. Last month, our class took part in an activity. We planted bamboos 8 the hill behind our school. We picked up rubbish and put up signs that say, “Love the pandas, love their home.” If everyone cares, the pandas can live 9 (happy) in the wild. It is very important 10 (take) action now. When all the people work together, we can ensure safe homes for pandas. Let’s keep our promise to protect them so the panda’s story continues as one of hope, not loss. B Every year, natural disasters happen in many places all over the world. 1 earthquake happened in Myanmar (缅甸) on 28 March 2025. 2 (unlucky) , many people got hurt or died in it. Earthquakes can happen at any time and in all 3 (place) . The taller the buildings are, the 4 (much) dangerous they will be. You’d better take the following measures to keep you away 5 danger during the earthquake. When an earthquake happens, do not try to run out of the building if you are on the 16 (two) floor— even if you only need a short time to go. Hide under a table or anything similar quickly. Cover your eyes and head with your hands to protect 7 (they) . It is easy for people to get hurt in such a situation. 8 a fire alarm rings, you will have to leave the building as fast as possible. Take the nearest stairs (楼梯) 9 (leave) the building. Remember not to come back to the building until it is safe. Natural disasters are unpredictable (不可预测的) . Protecting yourself   10 (be) all you can do. 任务型阅读 [新话题] （25-26八年级下·甘肃兰州·期中）阅读下面的短文，按要求完成后面的小题。 Collecting History on Fridge Doors Can fridge magnets hold 10,000 years of history? Maybe someone can make it come true. Mei Qian became famous online because she collected the “10,000 Years of Huaxia” fridge magnet series. Each magnet shows a relic (文物) from a different Chinese dynasty, from the Stone Age to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). “At first, I just bought magnets as souvenirs,” Mei said. “After an exhibition, I had a new idea and I decided to collect magnets for every dynasty.” Mei started to place them in historical order and wrote names and dates for each one. She made sure everything was correct and tried to make them look beautiful. “Each magnet became a small door into the past,” she said. Mei didn’t stop at collecting—she also started making her own. Her favourite fridge magnet is a small version of a lacquer screen (漆器屏风) from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534）. The magnet is 9.8 cm tall and looks like a little piece of art. “I painted it by hand on wood,” Mei said. “I looked at real museum lights and official photos to get the right color.” Mei even asked people online, “Which version do you like better, the glassy or the matte (哑光的) ?” She felt like being a real artist. “Fridge magnets are small, fun and easy to understand. You can see a piece of history every time you get a snack from the fridge,” Mei joked. “You don’t need to read a long book—just one picture can make you curious.” To middle schoolers, Mei shares her advice, “Start with what you love—dragons, pottery, paintings... Piece by piece, your collection becomes a story.” 1．What did Mei Qian collect? ______________________________________________________________ 2．How many dynasties are covered in her collection? ______________________________________________________________ 3．What is Mei’s favourite magnet? ______________________________________________________________ 4．How did Mei make her favourite magnet? ______________________________________________________________ 5．Would you like to collect fridge magnets? Why? (At least two reasons. ) ______________________________________________________________ 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业02 情态动词 一、情态动词的核心用法 情态动词 含义 用法 否定形式 疑问句回答 should 应该 建议，劝告 shouldn’t / must 必须 主观必要 mustn’t 禁止 Yes, … must No, … needn’t can/ could 能/ 可以 能力/ 允许，请求 can’t / need 需要 常用否定和疑问 needn’t 不必 Yes, … must No, … needn’t have to 不得不 客观必要 don’t have to 不必 / had better 最好 建议，劝告 had better not 不用于疑问句 may/ might 也许/ 可能 可能性/ 允许，请求 may not/ might not / 二、情态动词表推测 情态动词 功能 例句 must 肯定推测（很确定） He must be tired. 他一定很累。 may/ might/ could 肯定推测（不确定） She may be at home. 他也许在家。 can’t 否定推测（不可能） It can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。 can/ could 疑问推测（可能吗） Can this be real? 这能是真的吗？ ⚠️ 易错提醒 · must 表推测时 不用于否定句和疑问句，否定推测 不用 mustn’t，而用 can’t · may not 表示“可能不”，不是“不可能” 三、易错易混淆概念对比 1. must vs. have to must：主观认为必要（我觉着必须） have to：客观被迫（没办法，必须）e.g. （×）I must go to work because it’s raining. （√）I have to go to work because my bike is broken. 2. mustn’t vs. don’t have to mustn’t：禁止（一定不要） don’t have to：不必（没必要）e.g. You mustn’t tell him.（不准说） You don’t have to tell him.（不用说） 3. may / might / can / could 表示可能 may：可能性较大 might：可能性较小 can：常用于否定/疑问（表示可能） could：各种句式均可 4. must / can / may 推测句式的语气 must：一定（很肯定） may / might / could：可能（不太确定） can’t：不可能（否定推测） 5. 表示请求时，委婉程度could > can；might > may。 一、单项选择 1．（25-26八年级下·甘肃陇南·期中）To protect your eyes, you ________ rest your eyes every 20 minutes. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了保护你的眼睛，你应该每隔20分钟让你的眼睛休息一下。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could可以；couldn’t不可以。根据“To protect your eyes”可知，此处是为了保护眼睛提出的合理建议，应该用should 表示“应该”。所以选A。 2．（25-26八年级下·云南曲靖·阶段检测）—________ you help me take out the rubbish? —Sure. I’m coming. A．Should B．Could C．May D．Must 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能帮我倒一下垃圾吗？——当然，我来了。   Should应该；Could能够（表请求）；May可以（表许可）；Must必须。根据答句“Sure. I‘m coming”可知，此处是在礼貌地请求对方帮忙，表示委婉请求，应填Could。 3．（25-26八年级下·陕西商洛·期中）—Is that Lily over there? —It ________ be her. She has the flu and has to stay at home. A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—那边是莉莉吗？—不可能是她。她得了流感，必须待在家里。 mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必；can’t不可能。根据答语后句“She has the flu and has to stay at home.”可知，莉莉生病在家，所以那边的人不可能是她，表示有把握的否定推测用can’t。 4．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）—Must I give back the magazine today? —No, you ________. You can ________ it for another month. A．needn’t; borrow B．mustn’t; keep C．needn’t; keep D．mustn’t; borrow 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我必须今天归还杂志吗？——不，你不必。你可以再保留一个月。 needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；borrow借入 (瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用)；keep保留 (延续性动词，可与时间段连用)。第一空，对“Must”的否定回答用“needn’t”；第二空，“for another month”是时间段，应用延续性动词“keep”。应填“needn’t; keep”。 5．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）You’d better ________ late for the after-school club. A．not be B．don’t be C．won’t be D．isn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你最好不要去参加课后俱乐部时迟到。 根据“You’d better ...”可知，had better后接动词原形，其否定形式为had better not do sth，表示“最好不要做某事”，应填not be。 6．（25-26八年级下·江西宜春·阶段检测）The storm ________ not hit our city; the weather report says it will move to the north. A．may B．must C．should D．cannot 【答案】A 【详解】句意：风暴可能不会袭击我们的城市；天气预报说它将向北移动。 may可能；must必须；should应该；cannot不能。根据“the weather report says it will move to the north”可知，风暴将向北移动，是否袭击城市是不确定的推测，应填may。 7．（2026八年级下·全国·专题练习）— ________ I take photos of cultural relics in the museum? — No, you ________. It will do harm to these old treasures. A．Could; couldn’t B．May; may not C．May; mustn’t D．Must; don’t have to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以在博物馆里给文物拍照吗？——不，你绝对不可以。这会损害这些古老的珍宝。 Could能够，可以，语气委婉；couldn’t不能，语气较弱；May可以，用于请求许可；may not不可以，表示可能不；must必须；mustn’t禁止，不准，语气强烈；don’t have to不必，没必要。第一句问句表示请求许可，所以may符合语境。回答为“No”，说明表示明确禁止，mustn’t符合博物馆禁止拍照的语境。 8．（25-26八年级下·北京·期中）You ________ eat fast food every day, son. It’s not good for you. A．should B．shouldn’t C．may not D．may 【答案】B 【详解】句意：儿子，你不应该每天吃快餐。这对你不好。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；may not可能不；may可能。根据后句“It’s not good for you.”可知，每天吃快餐对身体不好，此处表示建议不应该这样做。 9．（25-26八年级下·江苏常州·期中）— Do you remember the robots that performed martial arts (武术) on the Spring Festival Gala? — Yes. They ________ practise a lot to make those moves perfect. It’s a real show of technology. A．can B．may C．have to D．need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你记得在春晚上表演武术的机器人吗？——是的。为了使那些动作完美，它们不得不大量练习。这是真正的科技展示。 can能；may可能；have to不得不，必须；need需要。根据“to make those moves perfect”可知，为了让动作完美，大量练习是必要的客观要求，have to表示客观necessity。应填have to。 10．（25-26八年级下·安徽亳州·期中）She _________ speak three languages as a child. A．might B．could C．should D．would 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她小时候能说三种语言。   might可能；could能、会；should应该；would将会。根据“as a child”可知，此处描述过去的能力，表示“能够”说三种语言，应填could。 二、按要求完成句子 1．你最好与观众进行更多的眼神交流。 ________ ________ make more eye contact with the audience. 【答案】 You’d better 【详解】原句中“你最好”是关键词，对应的英语表达是“You had better”，had better do sth为固定搭配，意为“最好做某事”。题目只提供了两个空格，需要将主语“You”和助动词“had”缩写为“You’d”。此外，句子位于句首，首字母“Y”需大写。故填You’d；better。 2．春季很容易得流感，所以你应该戴好口罩。 It’s easy to catch the flu in spring, so you ________ ________ a mask. 【答案】 should wear 【详解】原句中“应该”和“戴”是关键词，“应该”对应的英文是should，“戴（口罩）”对应的英文是wear，should后接动词原形。 3．你的父母一定为你感到骄傲。 Your parents ________________________________________ you. 【答案】must be proud of/must feel proud of 【详解】关键词是“一定”和“为⋯⋯感到骄傲”。“一定”用情态动词must，后面接动词原形；“为⋯⋯感到骄傲”对应的固定搭配为be proud of或feel proud of。 4．如果你在室外，尽快前往开阔的地方。 If you are outside, get to an open area ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 as fast as you can 【详解】原句中“尽快”是关键词，根据提示结构“as+形容词或副词原级+as sb. can/could（尽可能……）”，“快”修饰动词get，应用副词fast，故对应短语为as fast as you can。本句为祈使句，表示建议，用一般现在时，can后接动词原形（此处省略，因前文已有get to）。 5．你一次可以借三本书，但必须在一个月内归还。 You ________ ________ three books ________ ________ ________, but you ________ ________ them within a month. 【答案】 can borrow at a time must return 【详解】原文中“可以”、“借”、“一次”、“必须”和“归还”是关键词，“借”这里指从图书馆借入，需用“borrow”，“can”是情态动词表示“可以、能够”，和实义动词borrow一起构成谓语，表达许可，后接动词原形；固定搭配“at a time”表示“一次、每次”，是介词短语作状语，修饰borrow；“必须”对应的单词是must，表达强制要求，“归还”对应的实义动词是return，搭配must情态动词用原形。故填can；borrow；at；a；time；must；return。 一、阅读理解 A Living in a city for one day with just one yuan seems impossible, but 60 students from Xi’an accepted this challenge. The “One Yuan Metropolis Survival” activity tested students’ living skills while raising money for charity. This event has happened in eight cities and is going to four others including Beijing in May. To face challenges, some students thought of many ways to earn money. They looked for part-time jobs. Zhang Qiyue who is 14 years old asked more than 10 restaurants for a job before finally getting a job as a waiter. “I felt worried when refused, but I got used to it slowly,” he said. After working for eight hours in a day, he earned 200 yuan. Others made use of their artistic abilities in public. Zhao Jiacheng, another 14-year-old student, successfully sold his handmade paper crafts and drawings. “This experience showed that it’s important to develop a special skill,” he said. The money from this event will help poor schools in Tibet. As the activity spreads to more cities, students learn important lessons about never giving up and being creative. This challenge shows that with hard work and skills, young people can solve difficult problems. 1．How many cities have already held this activity before Xi’an? A．4 cities. B．12 cities. C．8 cities. D．10 cities. 2．What can we know from Zhao Jiacheng’s success? A．Art skills are useless in real life. B．Public performances are useful. C．Special talents can help earn money. D．Handicrafts are easy to make for him. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①/②/③/④ B．①/②/③④ C．①②/③④ D．①/②③/④ 4．What information can we get from the last paragraph? A．The amount of money they raised. B．The educational value of the challenge. C．The students’ opinions about challenge. D．The future working plans for the activity. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了西安学生开展“一元都市生存”公益挑战活动，学生通过不同方式赚钱，最终所得款项用于援助西藏贫困学校，并从中收获成长感悟。 【详解】1．第一段原文“This event has happened in eight cities”可知该活动已在8个城市举办。 2．第三段赵家成通过卖手工纸艺品和画作挣钱，说明可以凭借特殊才能挣钱。 3．第一段总起介绍活动；第二、三段分述两种赚钱方式；第四段总结活动意义，整体为总分总结构。 4．最后一段讲述学生在活动中收获的品质，体现了该挑战的教育价值。 B Guyu, the 6th solar term in the Chinese lunar year, comes between April 19 and 21 every year. Its name means “grain rain”, because the soft spring rain is quite helpful for the growth of crops. As the weather turns warmer and warmer, the rain makes the whole countryside green and lively, which plays a key role in the coming farming season. For thousands of years, Chinese farmers have regarded Guyu as the best time for planting. They often move young rice seedlings to the wet fields, singing traditional folk songs to welcome the warm spring rain. People used to say, “Spring rain is as precious as oil.” Farmers believe the rain is a wonderful gift from nature for a good harvest. Without enough rain, the young crops would easily dry up in the sun. Near the sea, fishermen also keep their special Guyu traditions, praying for a good catch before they start their sailing. When the rain stops, many families will walk to the green mountains to pick fresh tea leaves. Guyu tea is famous for its special taste, and people believe it can help cool the body on warm spring days. Some cheerful children run after butterflies among the tea plants, with their small baskets full of fresh green leaves. Besides, Guyu is also the great time for peonies to bloom. Known as “the queen of flowers”, peonies turn the hillsides into pink, red and white. Local people always say, “Three days after Guyu, come to enjoy the peonies!” As spring is going to end and summer is coming near, Guyu makes us realize the importance of being thankful to nature. Every drop of rain and every blooming flower holds the hope of new life. 1．Why is Guyu an important solar term for farmers? A．Because it marks the beginning of spring. B．Because the spring rain helps crops grow well. C．Because farmers can pick tea leaves at this time. D．Because it is the best time to enjoy flowers. 2．The underlined word “seedlings” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A．young rice plants B．small farming tools C．traditional folk songs D．heavy spring rains 3．What can we learn from the passage about Guyu? A．Children run after butterflies to pick tea leaves. B．Guyu tea can help cool the body, and peonies bloom in pink, red and white. C．Peonies only bloom for three days after Guyu. D．People must pick tea leaves before the rain stops. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Summer is better than spring. B．Peonies are the most beautiful flowers. C．We should be thankful to nature for new life. D．People should plant more trees after Guyu. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了二十四节气中的“谷雨”及其对农业生产、采茶、赏花等传统习俗的重要意义。 【详解】1．第一段明确指出：“the soft spring rain is quite helpful for the growth of crops”以及“plays a key role in the coming farming season”，说明谷雨对农民重要是因为春雨有助于庄稼生长。 2．根据第二段第二句“They often move young rice seedlings to the wet fields...”可知，农民将年轻的水稻幼苗移到水田里，结合“young rice”（年轻的水稻）和“move...to fields”（移到田里）的语境，可推测“seedlings”意为“幼苗”。 3．根据第三段“people believe it can help cool the body”可知谷雨茶有助于身体降温；根据第四段“peonies turn the hillsides into pink, red and white”可知牡丹花开粉色、红色和白色。B选项表述与原文一致。 4．最后一段最后一句指出：“Guyu makes us realize the importance of being thankful to nature. Every drop of rain and every blooming flower holds the hope of new life.”，说明我们应该感恩自然带来的新生命。 二、完形填空 （25-26八年级下·山东枣庄·阶段检测）Every year, my family celebrates the Dragon Boat Festival. We eat zongzi and watch dragon boat races. This year, Grandma taught me how to 1 zongzi. She said, “This tradition is not just about food; it’s about 2 our history.” We wrapped rice and fillings in bamboo leaves. Grandma told me the story of Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet who 3 himself in the river. People threw zongzi into the water to protect his body from fish. I felt a deep sense of 4 for our culture. That day, I realized that traditions are like bridges connecting the past and the 5 . By learning them, we keep our ancestors’ 6 alive. Even a simple dish like zongzi carries 7 and values. Now, I help Grandma every year. I also tell the story to my younger cousins. Passing down traditions is a way to show 8 to our elders and culture. I hope these customs will never be 9 . They are part of who we are and teach us important 10 like loyalty and unity. 1．A．buy B．make C．eat D．sell 2．A．forgetting B．remembering C．changing D．hiding 3．A．saved B．taught C．drowned D．found 4．A．pride B．shame C．fear D．anger 5．A．future B．school C．country D．world 6．A．secrets B．spirit C．money D．books 7．A．stories B．games C．jokes D．problems 8．A．respect B．regret C．anger D．fear 9．A．lost B．found C．changed D．written 10．A．skills B．lessons C．rules D．hobbies 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者与家人庆祝端午节，奶奶教包粽子并讲述屈原故事，作者感悟到传承传统的重要性，体现了文化价值。 【详解】1．句意：今年，奶奶教我如何制作粽子。 根据后文“We wrapped rice and fillings in bamboo leaves”可知是制作过程，而非购买或食用，make“制作”。 2．句意：这个传统不仅仅是关于食物；它是关于铭记我们的历史。 根据语境，传统习俗是为了纪念历史，remembering“纪念”。 3．句意：我奶奶告诉我屈原的故事，屈原是一位爱国诗人，他投江自尽。 根据历史常识，屈原投汨罗江溺亡，drowned“溺死”。 4．句意：我对我们的文化感到深深的自豪。 了解传统文化通常会产生自豪感，pride“自豪”。 5．句意：传统就像连接过去和未来的桥梁。 past“过去”与future“未来”对应，构成时间上的连接，其他选项逻辑不通。故选A。 6．句意：通过学习它们，我们让祖先的精神永存。 传承传统是为了延续文化精神，spirit“精神”。 7．句意：即使像粽子这样简单的菜肴也承载着故事和价值观。 前文提到奶奶讲了屈原的故事，stories“故事”。 8．句意：传承传统是一种向长辈和文化展示尊重的方式。 向长辈传承习俗体现的是尊重，respect“尊重”。 9．句意：我希望这些习俗永远不会流失。 作者希望传统延续，即不希望它们消失，lost“丢失的”。 10．句意：它们是我们的一部分，教给我们重要的道理，如忠诚和团结。 忠诚和团结属于人生道理或教训，lessons“教训”。 三、语篇填空 A （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中）Every year, many 1 (visit) come to the mountains of Sichuan to see the pandas. This shy animal is one of the 2 (world) most famous animals. Its home is the cool, green, bamboo forest. Many years ago, the forest got 3 (small) than before. People cut down bamboos to plant tea, 4 the pandas had to look for a new place to live. The government called on all people to green the mountains and save the pandas. Local schools 5 (start) to organize many activities to help. Students from schools collected lots of old books and sold them 6 (raise) money. The money 7 (use) to buy young bamboo plants and help keep the pandas safe from harm. Thanks to the efforts, the situation for giant pandas has improved a lot. Last month, our class took part in an activity. We planted bamboos 8 the hill behind our school. We picked up rubbish and put up signs that say, “Love the pandas, love their home.” If everyone cares, the pandas can live 9 (happy) in the wild. It is very important 10 (take) action now. When all the people work together, we can ensure safe homes for pandas. Let’s keep our promise to protect them so the panda’s story continues as one of hope, not loss. 【答案】 1．visitors 2．world’s 3．smaller 4．so 5．started 6．to raise 7．was used 8．on 9．happily 10．to take 【导语】本文主要讲述了大熊猫的生存现状及人们为保护大熊猫所做的努力，呼吁大家共同行动保护大熊猫。 【详解】1．句意：每年，许多游客来到四川的山区看熊猫。“... see the pandas”表明是游客来看熊猫，many后需跟名词复数形式，visit为动词，对应的名词“游客”是visitor，复数为visitors。 2．句意：这种害羞的动物是世界上最著名的动物之一。空处修饰名词animals，需用名词所有格形式。 3．句意：许多年前，森林变得比以前更小了。“than before”表明需用比较级形式smaller。 4．句意：人们砍伐竹子来种茶，所以熊猫不得不寻找新的地方居住。空后句是前句的结果，用so连接。 5．句意：当地学校开始组织许多活动来帮忙。“Students from schools collected lots of old books”表明此处描述的是过去的行动，需用过去式started。 6．句意：学校的学生收集了很多旧书并卖掉它们来筹钱。“卖书”的目的是“筹钱”，需用不定式to raise作目的状语。 7．句意：这些钱被用来购买竹子幼苗，帮助保护熊猫免受伤害。主语The money是不可数名词，与use之间是被动关系，句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态was used。 8．句意：我们在学校后面的山上种竹子。on the hill是固定搭配，表示“在山上”。 9．句意：如果每个人都关心，熊猫就能在野外快乐地生活。空处修饰动词live，需用副词形式，happy的副词形式为happily。 10．句意：现在采取行动是非常重要的。固定句型“It is+形容词+to do sth”表示“做某事是……的”，空处填不定式to take作真正主语。 B Every year, natural disasters happen in many places all over the world. 1 earthquake happened in Myanmar (缅甸) on 28 March 2025. 2 (unlucky) , many people got hurt or died in it. Earthquakes can happen at any time and in all 3 (place) . The taller the buildings are, the 4 (much) dangerous they will be. You’d better take the following measures to keep you away 5 danger during the earthquake. When an earthquake happens, do not try to run out of the building if you are on the 16 (two) floor— even if you only need a short time to go. Hide under a table or anything similar quickly. Cover your eyes and head with your hands to protect 7 (they) . It is easy for people to get hurt in such a situation. 8 a fire alarm rings, you will have to leave the building as fast as possible. Take the nearest stairs (楼梯) 9 (leave) the building. Remember not to come back to the building until it is safe. Natural disasters are unpredictable (不可预测的) . Protecting yourself   10 (be) all you can do. 【答案】 1．An 2．Unluckily 3．places 4．more 5．from 6．second 7．them 8．When 9．to leave 10．is 【导语】本文主要讲述：每年全球多地会发生自然灾害，以2025年3月缅甸地震为例，说明地震的突发性与危险性，并重点提供地震发生时保护自身安全的具体应对方法。 【详解】1．句意：2025年3月28日，缅甸发生了一场地震。earthquake为可数名词单数，首次提及且无特指，需用不定冠词，且发音以元音音素开头用an。由于放在句首，首字母大写。 2．句意：不幸的是，许多人在这次地震中受伤或死亡。空格处用逗号隔开，表明修饰整个句子，作状语，需用副词，括号内为形容词“unlucky”，其副词形式“unluckily”表示“不幸地”，符合语境。由于放置在句首，首字母需大写。 3．句意：地震可能在任何时候、任何地点发生。all后接复数名词，place为可数名词，故此处填其复数形式places。 4．句意：建筑物越高，它们就越危险。固定搭配“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”表示“越怎样越怎样”，“dangerous”的比较级为“more dangerous”，故填more。 5．句意：你最好采取以下方法来让自己远离地震中的危险。固定搭配“keep sb. away from sth.”表示“远离某物”。 6．句意：当地震发生时，如果你在二楼，不要试图跑出建筑物—即使你只需要很短的时间。括号内为基数词，而楼层表达用序数词，表示“第二层”。故填second。 7．句意：用手护住你的眼睛和头部，以保护它们。“protect”为及物动词，后接宾语，括号内为主格they，需要用其宾格。 8．句意：当火警响起时，你必须尽快离开建筑物。空格后逗号连接了完整句子“you will have to...”，表示时间状语从句，需连词引导。故本句用“When”，表示“当什么的时候”，符合语境。 9．句意：走最近的楼梯离开建筑物。空格处表目的，此处用不定式“to do”表示目的。 10．句意：保护自己是你所能做的全部。动名词短语Protecting yourself作主语谓语动词用单数，且描述的是客观情况，时态为一般现在时。故用is。 任务型阅读 [新话题] （25-26八年级下·甘肃兰州·期中）阅读下面的短文，按要求完成后面的小题。 Collecting History on Fridge Doors Can fridge magnets hold 10,000 years of history? Maybe someone can make it come true. Mei Qian became famous online because she collected the “10,000 Years of Huaxia” fridge magnet series. Each magnet shows a relic (文物) from a different Chinese dynasty, from the Stone Age to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). “At first, I just bought magnets as souvenirs,” Mei said. “After an exhibition, I had a new idea and I decided to collect magnets for every dynasty.” Mei started to place them in historical order and wrote names and dates for each one. She made sure everything was correct and tried to make them look beautiful. “Each magnet became a small door into the past,” she said. Mei didn’t stop at collecting—she also started making her own. Her favourite fridge magnet is a small version of a lacquer screen (漆器屏风) from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534）. The magnet is 9.8 cm tall and looks like a little piece of art. “I painted it by hand on wood,” Mei said. “I looked at real museum lights and official photos to get the right color.” Mei even asked people online, “Which version do you like better, the glassy or the matte (哑光的) ?” She felt like being a real artist. “Fridge magnets are small, fun and easy to understand. You can see a piece of history every time you get a snack from the fridge,” Mei joked. “You don’t need to read a long book—just one picture can make you curious.” To middle schoolers, Mei shares her advice, “Start with what you love—dragons, pottery, paintings... Piece by piece, your collection becomes a story.” 1．What did Mei Qian collect? ______________________________________________________________ 2．How many dynasties are covered in her collection? ______________________________________________________________ 3．What is Mei’s favourite magnet? ______________________________________________________________ 4．How did Mei make her favourite magnet? ______________________________________________________________ 5．Would you like to collect fridge magnets? Why? (At least two reasons. ) ______________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．She collected the “10,000 Years of Huaxia” fridge magnet series. 2．Every dynasty from the Stone Age to the Qing Dynasty. 3．A small version of a lacquer screen from the Northern Wei Dynasty. 4．By painting by hand on wood. 5．Yes. Because they are mini history lessons that make learning fun. Creating fridge magnets can develop artistic skills too. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了梅倩通过收集和制作“华夏万年”系列冰箱贴来记录历史的故事，以及她对冰箱贴收藏意义的看法和给中学生的建议。 【详解】1．文章第1段“Mei Qian became famous online because she collected the ‘10,000 Years of Huaxia’ fridge magnet series.”：梅倩收集的是“华夏万年”冰箱贴系列。 2．文章第2段“Each magnet shows a relic from a different Chinese dynasty, from the Stone Age to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).”：她的收藏涵盖了从石器时代到清朝的每一个朝代。 3．文章第4段“Her favourite fridge magnet is a small version of a lacquer screen from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534).”：她最喜欢的冰箱贴是北魏漆器屏风的小型版本。 4．文章第4段“‘I painted it by hand on wood,’ Mei said.”：她是在木板上手绘制作的。 5．本题为开放性问题，需结合短文内容及自身想法作答，至少给出两个理由。 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $