7.5 When Disaster Strikes（Around the World）-《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 该同步练习围绕Unit 7自然灾害主题，通过基础认知、理解应用、综合拓展三层设计，实现词汇→句型→语篇的递进巩固，适配中职英语同步教学需求，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础认知层|核心词汇（如森林大火、生态系统）、基础语法|中文短语译英文题直接考查词汇记忆，填空题结合语境巩固课文核心句| |理解应用层|语篇理解、语法结构转换|阅读理解选择题聚焦细节信息，句型转换题训练否定句、疑问句等基础句型| |综合拓展层|情境表达、逻辑分析|简答题需结合文本推断（如澳大利亚生态系统与火灾关系），完成对话题模拟真实交流场景|

编写说明：本专辑为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）教材的同步练习资源，共48练。辅助教师抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，助力学生提高英语学习效率。 本卷为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes（Around the World）的同步练习。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版） Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes Around the World （森林大火、地震、流行病） 班级：__________ 姓名：_________ 一、中文短语译英文题（共12小题） 1.森林大火____________________________________________ 2.造成生命损失____________________________________________ 3.财产损失____________________________________________ 4.使……濒危____________________________________________ 5.物种____________________________________________ 6.生态系统____________________________________________ 7.生物多样性____________________________________________ 8.摧毁____________________________________________ 9.使地球自转更快____________________________________________ 10.缩短____________________________________________ 11.流行病____________________________________________ 12.袭击____________________________________________ 二、填空题（共16小题） 根据文章内容，逐句挖空填空。每句英文后附中文翻译。 森林大火（Bushfires） 1.Bushfires are very ________ (1) in Australia. 中文：森林大火在澳大利亚非常常见。 2.This is ________ (2) the Australian climate is generally hot and ________ (3). 中文：这是因为澳大利亚的气候普遍炎热干燥。 3.Bushfires have caused loss of ________ (4), significant damage to ________ (5) and also ________ (6) many species. 中文：森林大火造成了生命损失、重大财产损失，并使许多物种濒危。 4.However, Australia’s natural ________ (7) have evolved alongside fires. 中文：然而，澳大利亚的自然生态系统与火灾一起进化。 5.Both the landscape and its biological ________ (8) have been shaped by historic and recent fires. 中文：无论是景观还是其生物多样性，都被历史和近年来的火灾所塑造。 地震（Earthquakes） 1.Earthquakes not only ________ (9) cities and kill people, but also change ________ (10). 中文：地震不仅摧毁城市、夺走生命，还改变时间。 2.The 2011 Tohoku quake in Japan shifted the earth’s ________ (11) and made the earth spin ________ (12), shortening the day by 1.6 microseconds. 中文：2011年日本东北地震改变了地球的质量分布，使地球自转更快，将一天缩短了1.6微秒。 3.The 2004 Sumatra quake ________ (13) the day by 6.8 microseconds. 中文：2004年苏门答腊地震将一天缩短了6.8微秒。 流行病（Pandemic） 1.A pandemic is a kind of ________ (14) that spreads over a whole country or the whole world. 中文：流行病是一种传播到整个国家或全世界的疾病。 2.The Black Death, a ________ (15) that attacked the European population at that time, was one of the most deadly pandemics in human history. 中文：黑死病是当时袭击欧洲人口的一种流行病，是人类历史上最致命的流行病之一。 3.About one third of Europe’s ________ (16) died from the Black Death. 中文：大约三分之一欧洲人口死于黑死病。 三、阅读理解题（共15小题） 根据文章内容，选择正确答案或回答问题。 A.选择题（10小题） 1.Why are bushfires very common in Australia? A. Because Australia has many forests B. Because the Australian climate is generally hot and dry C. Because people start fires on purpose D. Because there are too many animals 2.What have bushfires caused according to the passage? A. Loss of life only B. Damage to property only C. Loss of life, damage to property and endangerment of species D. Only endangerment of species 3.What has shaped Australia’s landscape and biological diversity? A. Only recent fires B. Only historic fires C. Historic and recent fires D. Human activities 4.Besides destroying cities and killing people, what else can earthquakes do? A. Change the weather B. Change time C. Change the seasons D. Change the ocean 5.How much did the 2011 Tohoku quake in Japan shorten the day? A. 1.6 microseconds B. 6.8 microseconds C. 8.4 microseconds D. 10.2 microseconds 6.Which earthquake shortened the day by 6.8 microseconds? A. The 2011 Tohoku quake B. The 2004 Sumatra quake C. The 2008 Sichuan quake D. The 1995 Kobe quake 7.How did the Tohoku quake make the earth spin faster? A. By destroying cities B. By shifting the earth’s mass C. By killing people D. By changing the weather 8.What is a pandemic? A. A kind of earthquake B. A kind of fire C. A kind of disease that spreads over a large area D. A kind of flood 9.What was the Black Death? A. An earthquake B. A bushfire C. A pandemic that attacked the European population D. A type of weather 10.About how much of Europe’s population died from the Black Death? A. One quarter B. One third C. One half D. Two thirds B.简答题（5小题） 1.What does the word “bushfire” mean? ____________________________________________ 2.List two things that earthquakes can cause according to the passage. ____________________________________________ 3.How many microseconds did the 2004 Sumatra quake shorten the day? ____________________________________________ 4.What does the title “When Disaster Strikes” mean in Chinese? ____________________________________________ 5.Why do you think Australia’s ecosystems have evolved alongside fires? ____________________________________________ 四、句型转换题（共8小题） 按要求改写句子，每空一词。 1.Bushfires are very common in Australia. (改为否定句) Bushfires ________ ________ very common in Australia. 2.The Australian climate is generally hot and dry. (对划线部分提问) ________ is the Australian climate generally ________? 3.Earthquakes destroy cities and kill people. (改为一般疑问句) ________ earthquakes ________ cities and kill people? 4.The 2011 Tohoku quake shortened the day by 1.6 microseconds. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ did the 2011 Tohoku quake shorten the day? 5.The Black Death was a deadly pandemic. (改为否定句) The Black Death ________ ________ a deadly pandemic. 6.About one third of Europe’s population died from the Black Death. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ of Europe’s population died from the Black Death? 7.Australia’s ecosystems have evolved alongside fires. (改为一般疑问句) ________ Australia’s ecosystems ________ alongside fires? 8.Bushfires have caused significant damage to property. (改为被动语态) Significant damage to property ________ ________ caused by bushfires. 五、完成对话题（共8小题） 情景：你和同学正在讨论世界各地发生的自然灾害。根据文章内容补全对话。每空一词，每句英文后附中文翻译。 A:Have you heard about the bushfires in Australia? 中文：你听说过澳大利亚的森林大火吗？ B:Yes. Bushfires are very ________ (1) there. 中文：是的。森林大火在那里很常见。 A:Why is that? 中文：为什么会这样？ B:________ (2) the Australian climate is generally hot and ________ (3). 中文：因为澳大利亚的气候普遍炎热干燥。 A:What have bushfires caused? 中文：森林大火造成了什么？ B:They have caused loss of ________ (4), damage to property, and endangered many ________ (5). 中文：它们造成了生命损失、财产损失，并使许多物种濒危。 A:I see. Do earthquakes also cause serious problems? 中文：我明白了。地震也会造成严重的问题吗？ B:Yes. Earthquakes not only destroy cities and kill people, but also change ________ (6). 中文：是的。地震不仅摧毁城市、夺走生命，还改变时间。 A:Really? How? 中文：真的吗？怎么改变？ B:The 2011 Tohoku quake in Japan ________ (7) the earth’s mass and made the earth spin faster, shortening the day by 1.6 microseconds. 中文：2011年日本东北地震改变了地球的质量分布，使地球自转更快，将一天缩短了1.6微秒。 A:That’s amazing! What about the Black Death? 中文：太神奇了！那黑死病呢？ B:It was a deadly ________ (8) that killed about one third of Europe’s population. 中文：它是一种致命的流行病，杀死了大约三分之一欧洲人口。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本专辑为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）教材的同步练习资源，共48练。辅助教师抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，助力学生提高英语学习效率。 本卷为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes（Around the World）的同步练习。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版） Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes Around the World （森林大火、地震、流行病） 班级：__________ 姓名：_________ 一、中文短语译英文题（共12小题） 1.森林大火____________________________________________ 2.造成生命损失____________________________________________ 3.财产损失____________________________________________ 4.使……濒危____________________________________________ 5.物种____________________________________________ 6.生态系统____________________________________________ 7.生物多样性____________________________________________ 8.摧毁____________________________________________ 9.使地球自转更快____________________________________________ 10.缩短____________________________________________ 11.流行病____________________________________________ 12.袭击____________________________________________ 【答案】 1.bushfire，解析：原文“Bushfires”指森林大火 2.cause loss of life，解析：原文“have caused loss of life” 3.damage to property，解析：原文“significant damage to property” 4.endanger，解析：原文“endangered many species” 5.species，解析：原文“many species” 6.ecosystem，解析：原文“natural ecosystems” 7.biodiversity / biological diversity，解析：原文“biological diversity” 8.destroy，解析：原文“Earthquakes not only destroy cities” 9.make the earth spin faster，解析：原文“made the earth spin faster” 10.shorten，解析：原文“shortening the day by...” 11.pandemic，解析：原文“a pandemic that attacked the European population” 12.strike，解析：原文标题“When Disaster Strikes” 二、填空题（共16小题） 根据文章内容，逐句挖空填空。每句英文后附中文翻译。 森林大火（Bushfires） 1.Bushfires are very ________ (1) in Australia. 中文：森林大火在澳大利亚非常常见。 2.This is ________ (2) the Australian climate is generally hot and ________ (3). 中文：这是因为澳大利亚的气候普遍炎热干燥。 3.Bushfires have caused loss of ________ (4), significant damage to ________ (5) and also ________ (6) many species. 中文：森林大火造成了生命损失、重大财产损失，并使许多物种濒危。 4.However, Australia’s natural ________ (7) have evolved alongside fires. 中文：然而，澳大利亚的自然生态系统与火灾一起进化。 5.Both the landscape and its biological ________ (8) have been shaped by historic and recent fires. 中文：无论是景观还是其生物多样性，都被历史和近年来的火灾所塑造。 地震（Earthquakes） 1.Earthquakes not only ________ (9) cities and kill people, but also change ________ (10). 中文：地震不仅摧毁城市、夺走生命，还改变时间。 2.The 2011 Tohoku quake in Japan shifted the earth’s ________ (11) and made the earth spin ________ (12), shortening the day by 1.6 microseconds. 中文：2011年日本东北地震改变了地球的质量分布，使地球自转更快，将一天缩短了1.6微秒。 3.The 2004 Sumatra quake ________ (13) the day by 6.8 microseconds. 中文：2004年苏门答腊地震将一天缩短了6.8微秒。 流行病（Pandemic） 1.A pandemic is a kind of ________ (14) that spreads over a whole country or the whole world. 中文：流行病是一种传播到整个国家或全世界的疾病。 2.The Black Death, a ________ (15) that attacked the European population at that time, was one of the most deadly pandemics in human history. 中文：黑死病是当时袭击欧洲人口的一种流行病，是人类历史上最致命的流行病之一。 3.About one third of Europe’s ________ (16) died from the Black Death. 中文：大约三分之一欧洲人口死于黑死病。 【答案】 1.common，解析：森林大火在澳大利亚很常见 2.because，解析：表示原因，因为气候炎热干燥 3.dry，解析：气候干燥 4.life，解析：“loss of life”生命损失 5.property，解析：“damage to property”财产损失 6.endangered，解析：“endangered many species”使许多物种濒危 7.ecosystems，解析：“natural ecosystems”自然生态系统 8.diversity，解析：“biological diversity”生物多样性 9.destroy，解析：“destroy cities”摧毁城市 10.time，解析：地震改变时间 11.mass，解析：“shifted the earth’s mass”改变了地球的质量分布 12.faster，解析：“made the earth spin faster”使地球自转更快 13.shortened，解析：“shortened the day”缩短了一天 14.disease，解析：流行病是一种疾病 15.pandemic，解析：黑死病是一种流行病 16.population，解析：“Europe’s population”欧洲人口 三、阅读理解题（共15小题） 根据文章内容，选择正确答案或回答问题。 A.选择题（10小题） 1.Why are bushfires very common in Australia? A. Because Australia has many forests B. Because the Australian climate is generally hot and dry C. Because people start fires on purpose D. Because there are too many animals 2.What have bushfires caused according to the passage? A. Loss of life only B. Damage to property only C. Loss of life, damage to property and endangerment of species D. Only endangerment of species 3.What has shaped Australia’s landscape and biological diversity? A. Only recent fires B. Only historic fires C. Historic and recent fires D. Human activities 4.Besides destroying cities and killing people, what else can earthquakes do? A. Change the weather B. Change time C. Change the seasons D. Change the ocean 5.How much did the 2011 Tohoku quake in Japan shorten the day? A. 1.6 microseconds B. 6.8 microseconds C. 8.4 microseconds D. 10.2 microseconds 6.Which earthquake shortened the day by 6.8 microseconds? A. The 2011 Tohoku quake B. The 2004 Sumatra quake C. The 2008 Sichuan quake D. The 1995 Kobe quake 7.How did the Tohoku quake make the earth spin faster? A. By destroying cities B. By shifting the earth’s mass C. By killing people D. By changing the weather 8.What is a pandemic? A. A kind of earthquake B. A kind of fire C. A kind of disease that spreads over a large area D. A kind of flood 9.What was the Black Death? A. An earthquake B. A bushfire C. A pandemic that attacked the European population D. A type of weather 10.About how much of Europe’s population died from the Black Death? A. One quarter B. One third C. One half D. Two thirds B.简答题（5小题） 1.What does the word “bushfire” mean? ____________________________________________ 2.List two things that earthquakes can cause according to the passage. ____________________________________________ 3.How many microseconds did the 2004 Sumatra quake shorten the day? ____________________________________________ 4.What does the title “When Disaster Strikes” mean in Chinese? ____________________________________________ 5.Why do you think Australia’s ecosystems have evolved alongside fires? ____________________________________________ 【答案】 A.选择题 1.选B，解析：原文“because the Australian climate is generally hot and dry” 2.选C，解析：原文“caused loss of life, significant damage to property and also endangered many species” 3.选C，解析：原文“been shaped by historic and recent fires” 4.选B，解析：原文“but also change the time” 5.选A，解析：原文“shortening the day by 1.6 microseconds” 6.选B，解析：原文“The 2004 Sumatra quake shortened the day by 6.8 microseconds” 7.选B，解析：原文“shifted the earth’s mass and made the earth spin faster” 8.选C，解析：根据上下文，pandemic是传播范围很广的疾病 9.选C，解析：原文“a pandemic that attacked the European population at that time” 10.选B，解析：原文“About one third of Europe’s population died from the Black Death” B.简答题 1.It means a fire that burns in a forest or wild area in Australia. / 森林大火。（解析：bushfire指在灌木丛或森林中发生的火灾。） 2.Earthquakes can destroy cities, kill people, and change time. / 地震可以摧毁城市、夺走生命、改变时间。（解析：任选两点即可，原文提到destroy cities、kill people、change time。） 3.6.8 microseconds. / 6.8微秒。（解析：原文明确提到“The 2004 Sumatra quake shortened the day by 6.8 microseconds.”） 4.当灾害来袭时。（解析：strike意为“袭击、来袭”，disaster意为“灾害”。） 5.Because fires have happened regularly in Australia for a long time, so plants and animals have adapted to survive fires. / 因为火灾在澳大利亚长期以来经常发生，所以植物和动物已经适应了在火灾中生存。（解析：这是一道开放题，合理即可。文章提到“ecosystems have evolved alongside fires”说明生态系统与火灾共同进化。） 四、句型转换题（共8小题） 按要求改写句子，每空一词。 1.Bushfires are very common in Australia. (改为否定句) Bushfires ________ ________ very common in Australia. 2.The Australian climate is generally hot and dry. (对划线部分提问) ________ is the Australian climate generally ________? 3.Earthquakes destroy cities and kill people. (改为一般疑问句) ________ earthquakes ________ cities and kill people? 4.The 2011 Tohoku quake shortened the day by 1.6 microseconds. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ did the 2011 Tohoku quake shorten the day? 5.The Black Death was a deadly pandemic. (改为否定句) The Black Death ________ ________ a deadly pandemic. 6.About one third of Europe’s population died from the Black Death. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ of Europe’s population died from the Black Death? 7.Australia’s ecosystems have evolved alongside fires. (改为一般疑问句) ________ Australia’s ecosystems ________ alongside fires? 8.Bushfires have caused significant damage to property. (改为被动语态) Significant damage to property ________ ________ caused by bushfires. 【答案】 1.are not / aren’t，解析：主系表结构的否定句，在are后加not 2.What, like，解析：对“hot and dry”提问，用What is... like? 询问天气或状况 3.Do, destroy，解析：一般现在时的一般疑问句，主语earthquakes为复数，借助Do加动词原形 4.How much，解析：对“1.6 microseconds”时间长度提问，用How much 5.was not / wasn’t，解析：主系表结构的否定句，在was后加not 6.How much，解析：对“About one third”数量（百分比）提问，用How much 7.Have, evolved，解析：现在完成时的一般疑问句，将Have提前，过去分词不变 8.has been，解析：现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been + 过去分词。damage为不可数名词，用has been 五、完成对话题（共8小题） 情景：你和同学正在讨论世界各地发生的自然灾害。根据文章内容补全对话。每空一词，每句英文后附中文翻译。 A:Have you heard about the bushfires in Australia? 中文：你听说过澳大利亚的森林大火吗？ B:Yes. Bushfires are very ________ (1) there. 中文：是的。森林大火在那里很常见。 A:Why is that? 中文：为什么会这样？ B:________ (2) the Australian climate is generally hot and ________ (3). 中文：因为澳大利亚的气候普遍炎热干燥。 A:What have bushfires caused? 中文：森林大火造成了什么？ B:They have caused loss of ________ (4), damage to property, and endangered many ________ (5). 中文：它们造成了生命损失、财产损失，并使许多物种濒危。 A:I see. Do earthquakes also cause serious problems? 中文：我明白了。地震也会造成严重的问题吗？ B:Yes. Earthquakes not only destroy cities and kill people, but also change ________ (6). 中文：是的。地震不仅摧毁城市、夺走生命，还改变时间。 A:Really? How? 中文：真的吗？怎么改变？ B:The 2011 Tohoku quake in Japan ________ (7) the earth’s mass and made the earth spin faster, shortening the day by 1.6 microseconds. 中文：2011年日本东北地震改变了地球的质量分布，使地球自转更快，将一天缩短了1.6微秒。 A:That’s amazing! What about the Black Death? 中文：太神奇了！那黑死病呢？ B:It was a deadly ________ (8) that killed about one third of Europe’s population. 中文：它是一种致命的流行病，杀死了大约三分之一欧洲人口。 【答案】 1.ourselves，解析：“protect ourselves” 保护我们自己。主语是we，反身代词用ourselves。 2.move，解析：“quickly move to a safe place” 迅速移动到安全地带，祈使句用动词原形。 3.windows，解析：“stay away from windows” 远离窗户，避震指南中的要点。 4.built-up，解析：“get away from built-up areas” 远离建筑区，built-up意为“建筑物密集的”。 5.take，解析：“take shelter” 躲避，固定搭配。take shelter under... 意为“在……下面躲避”。 6.stairs，解析：“use the stairs instead of the lift” 使用楼梯而不是电梯，stairs意为“楼梯”。 7.turn，解析：“turn off the gas and electricity” 关掉煤气和电，turn off为固定短语。 8.Don’t，解析：“Don’t jump off the building” 不要从楼上跳下去，祈使句否定形式用Don’t加动词原形。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $