Unit 6 Hitting the road 单元核心知识点精讲精练3(Developing ideas)-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册新教材外研版

本初中英语讲义聚焦Unit 6 Hitting the road（Developing ideas）核心知识点，系统梳理22个重点短语、16个核心词汇（含拓展、搭配及辨析）和4类重难句型（如as...as平级比较、比较级+than等），构建从短语积累到词汇运用再到句型掌握的学习支架，助力学生逐步夯实语言基础。 该资料亮点在于设计多类型练习，随学随练结合词汇辨析（如accept/receive）、句型对比，提升思维品质，综合练习含阅读理解、完形填空等，强化语言能力。课中辅助教师授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，培养自主学习能力，有效落实核心素养。

Unit 6 Hitting the road 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. in the form of 以…的形式 2. accept an award 领奖、接受奖项 3. on the stage 在舞台上 4. make a travel vlog 制作旅行短视频；旅行vlog 5. talk to local people 和当地人交谈 6. traffic jam 交通堵塞 7. on one’s way to 在去往…的路上；在去做...的路上 8. get around 四处游历；出行；传开 9. a waterproof bag 防水包 10. seriously ill 身患重病、病得很重 11. walk through 步行穿过；走遍 12. as great as... 和…一样伟大 13. at all 全然；根本(常用于否定、疑问) 14. in Chinese history 在中国历史上 15. from an early age 从小、幼年时期起 16. dream of 梦想；向往 17. set out 动身踏上；(set out on)开始做某事 18. achieve his dream 实现他的梦想 19. geographical discoveries 地理发现 20. find out 查明；弄清楚 21. a wider view 更开阔的视野 22. thanks to 多亏；由于 2、 单元重点词汇解析 1. accept /əkˈsept/v. 接受；相信；同意，认可；忍受，容忍；接纳，接受(为成员、会员等) [词汇拓展] acceptance (n.) 接受；认可；acceptable (adj.) 可接受的 [词汇搭配] accept an award领奖；accept an invitation 接受邀请；accept a gift 接受礼物 [词汇辨析] · accept指主观上接受某事或某物。 He didn’t accept her gift. 他没有接受他的礼物。 · receive指客观上收到某物，主观上不一定能接受。 I receives his invitation, but I refused it. 我收到了他的邀请，但我拒绝了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I ______some gifts from my friends，but I didn't ______ them. A．received；accept B．accepted；receive C．receive；accept D．accept；receive 2. award /ə'wɔːd/ n. 奖，奖赏；奖品；奖金 [词汇搭配] win/receive/get an award (for...) (因...)获奖 [词汇例句] She won the Best Student Award. 她获得了 “最佳学生奖”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —The four middle school students in Gansu bravely stopped the out-of-control bus and saved 18 passengers. What did they get for their heroic act? —They were given a national honorary title as a(n) ________ for their courage. A．award B．reward C．prize          D．praise          3. understand /ˌʌndə'stænd/ v. 了解，知道 [词汇拓展] <过去式> understood ；understanding (n.)理解，领悟；(adj.)善解人意的； misunderstand(v.)误解 [词汇搭配] understand rules 理解规则；understand sb. 理解某人 [词汇例句] Can you understand French? 你懂法语吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空 To make a good kite, you must really ________ the culture behind it. A．understand B．suggest C．beat D．create 4. traffic /'træfɪk/ n. 路上行驶的车辆，交通；v. (非法) 进行交易；做… 买卖 [词汇拓展] trafficker(n.)非法交易者；trafficking(n.)非法交易 [词汇搭配] traffic jam 交通堵塞；traffic accident交通事故；traffic light交通信号灯 heavy traffic繁忙的交通；traffic rules 交通规则；traffic in非法交易... [词汇例句] There's always a lot of traffic at this time of day. 每天这个时候总是有很多来往车辆。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —It’s dangerous to drive after drinking. —That’s true. It can increase the risk of ________ accidents. A．transport B．travel C．traffic D．journey 5. unexplored /ˌʌnɪkˈsplɔːd/ adj. (地方) 未曾探索的，未经勘察的 [词汇拓展] explore(v.)探索；exploration(n.)探索；explorer(n.)探索者 [词汇搭配] explore the unexplored 探索未知 [词汇例句]  The place in the middle remained unexplored now.现在，中间的那个地方还未被探索。 6. seriously /'sɪəriəsli/ adv. 严重地；非常；认真地 [词汇拓展] serious (adj.) 严肃的；认真的；seriousness (n.) 严重性；认真 [词汇搭配] seriously ill 病重；think about ... seriously认真考虑；take sth. seriously 认真对待某事； [词汇例句] Why can't you ever take anything seriously?你怎么对什么都不当回事呢？ [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) If you take this exam ________, you will get good grades for sure. A．serious enough B．enough serious C．seriously enough D．enough seriously (2) There ________ an educational report tomorrow. We should take it ________. A．is; careful B．will have; carefully C．is going to be; serious D．will be; seriously 7. end /end/ v. 使结束，使停止；n. 末尾；结束 [词汇拓展] ending (n.)(电影，故事等的)结局，结尾 [词汇搭配] end the last trip结束最后一次旅行；end with 以...结束；；end up doing最终做了某事 at the end 最后；在末尾；he end of the book书的末尾 [词汇例句] The meeting came to an end.会议结束了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 My cousin will come back to China from New York ________ the end of this month. A．in B．to C．at D．for 8. spend /spend/ v. 度过，花(时间) [词汇搭配] sb. spend +时间/金钱+on sth. 某人花费...时间/金钱在某物上 sb. spend +时间/金钱+(in) doing sth. 某人花费...时间/金钱做某事 spend +时间+with +sb. 花时间陪伴某人 spend the weekend度过周末 [词汇例句] She spend 100 yuan on books every month. 她每个月在书籍方面花费100元。 How do you spend your free time?你在业余时间干什么？ [词汇辨析] · spend表示“花费”，后可接时间或金钱。spend表示花费，用人作主语。 Mr. Brown spend 20 minutes reading a newspaper every night. 布朗先生每天晚上花费20分钟时间读报。 · take通常表示“需要，花费”，常表示花费时间等。 常用搭配：It takes sb. +时间段+ to do sth. 做某事花费/需要某人...时间 It takes my father about 20 minutes to go to work every day. 我爸爸每天上班大约花费20分钟时间。 · cost 表示“花费”，后接金钱。cost表示花费时，用物作主语。 cost还以作名词，表示“成本，花费” 常用搭配：sth. cost sb. +金钱 某物花费了某人...钱 The jacket costs me 100 dollars. 这件夹克衫花了我100美元。 · pay表示“支付”。 常用搭配：pay +钱+for sth. 为某物支付...钱 You need to pay 10 yuan for the book. [随学随练] 选词填空。 (1) —Linda, could you work out the  of the fruit in season? —No problem. We need to  about 28 yuan for all of it. (2) Eddie, don’t  too much time watching TV! It’s bad for your eyes. (3) Theses two coats  my mum 200 dollars. (4) It  him about half an hour to get to the office from his home every morning. 用所给词的适当形式填空或填上适当的词汇使句意完整。 (1) He spends about three hours  (do) homework every day. (2) We should spend more time   our family on the weekend. (3) It took me one hour  (find) the book. (4) You need to pay 10yuan  the magazine(杂志). 9. dream /driːm/ v. 梦想，希望；n. 梦想；梦 [词汇拓展] <过去式> dreamed / dreamt [词汇搭配] dream of/about 梦见；梦想；realize/achieve one’s dreams实现某人的梦想 one’s dreams come true 某人梦想实现；her dream university她梦想的大学 Sweet dreams. 祝你做个好梦；like a bad dream处境噩梦般 [词汇例句] She dreams about visiting the places of interest in Beijing, from the Palace Museum to the Great Wall. 她梦想着参观北京的名胜古迹，从故宫博物院到长城。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1)The success of Liu Cixin tells us that we can achieve our dreams ________ working hard. A．of B．by C．without (2)—What is your dream job when you grow up?     —I dream ________ becoming an astronaut. A．of B．about C．to 10. achieve /ə'tʃiːv/ v. 实现；(尤指经过努力)取得，达到 [词汇拓展] achievement(n.)实现；成就；achievable(adj.)可实现的；realize(v.)实现 [词汇搭配] achieve one’s goals/dreams实现某人的目标/梦想 achieve your resolutions实现你的决心 [词汇例句] We finally achieved success. 我们最终获得了成功。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 With hard work, you can ________ your goal of getting good grades. A．lose B．change C．achieve D．forget 11. geographical /ˌdʒiːəˈgræfɪkəl/ adj. 地理的；地理(学)的 [词汇拓展] geography(n.)地理；地理学；geographer(n.)地理学家；geographically(adv.)地理地 [词汇搭配] geographical discoveries 地理学的发现 12. discovery /dɪs'kʌvəri/ n. 被发现的事实(事物) discover /dɪ'skʌvə/ v. 发现，找到 [词汇拓展] (pl.) discoveries；discoverer(n.)发现者 [词汇搭配] the discovery of new talent ...的发现；a new discover一个新的发现 [词汇用法] · discover通常表示“第一个发现”。 Columbs the first European to discover America. 第一个发现美洲大陆的欧洲人 · discover也可以表示“发现以前不知道的事实”或“出乎意料的发现”。 We discovered this beach while we were sailing around the island.我们在围绕这个海岛航行时发现了 这个海滩。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou found Qinghaosu and won the 2015 Nobel Prize. —Her ________ saved millions of lives across the world. A．dream B．story C．discovery D．decision (2) Autumn is a wonderful time to go out and ________ the beauty of nature. A．discover B．suffer C．prove D．cheer 13. truth /truːθ/ n. 事实，真相，实情 [词汇拓展] true (adj.)真实的；truly (adv.)真正地；确实；truthful(adj.)诚实的 [词汇搭配] tell the truth 说实话；in truth 的确，事实上 [词汇例句] When someone lies with their words, their body language often tells the truth.  当一个人 说谎时，他们的肢体语言往往会“说出”真相。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He is a ________ child. I’m sure he will tell us the ________. A．true; truthful B．truth; true C．truthful; truth D．true; true 14. climb /klɑɪm/ v. 爬(山)，登(山) [词汇拓展] climber(n.)登山者；climbing(n.)登山运动 [词汇搭配] climb a high mountain攀登高山；climb through the window从窗口爬出 [词汇例句] Climbing the first hill took half an hour.爬第一座小山花了半个钟头。 [随学随练] Monkeys are cute and good at ________ trees. A．cut B．cutting C．climb D．climbing 15. view /vjuː/ n. 视野；看法；景色；v. 把...视为...，看待；观看，看 [词汇拓展] viewer(n.)观众；观看者 [词汇搭配] a wider view更开阔的视野；come into view映入眼帘 from one’s point of view从某人的观点看；in one’s view在某人看来 in view of...鉴于，考虑到 [随学随练] 写出view在下列句子中的中文意思 (1) In view of the weather, the event will now be held indoors. (2) His views on the subject were well known. (3) People came from all over the world to view her work. (4) How do you view your position(职位) within the company? (5) I'd like a room with a beautiful view. (6) The sun disappeared from view. 16. record /rɪ'kɔːd/ v. 记录；录制，录(音) /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 记录；唱片；(体育运动或活动的)纪录，最好成绩 [词汇拓展] recording(n.) 记录，记载；录制的音像，录音；recorder(n.)录音机；记录装置 [词汇搭配] keep a record of记录...；play a record 播放唱片；set a new record 刷新纪录 [词汇例句] You should keep a record of your expenses. 你应该记下你的各项开支。 [随学随练] 用record的适当形式填空。 (1) To make progress you should listen to the   and read aloud every day. (2) Liu Xiang broke the Olympic Games  in 2004. (3) Taking photos is a good way to   our lives. (4) Rodney put the  on the desk top and pushed the play button(按键). 17. description /dɪ'skriɪpʃən/ n. 描述，描写，叙述 [词汇拓展] describe(v.)描述，描绘 [词汇搭配] give a full description of...对...进行详尽的描述 answer a description of...与描述的...相像 [词汇例句] Please give a full description of the accident. 请对事故进行详尽的描述。 [随学随练] 单项填空 In the travel guide, there is a clear _________ of the local customs (习俗) and traditions (传统) in the town. A．solution B．description C．vacation D．invention 3、 重难句型解析 1. (教材原句)People say I’m as great as Zhang Qian and Xuanzang. So I have no regrets at all. as great as是“as+原级+as”构成的平级比较结构，表示“和...一样...的”。 at all表示“根本”，通常和否定词连用构成“no/not..at all”，意为“根本也不，一点也不”。 如： The view here is as beautiful as a painting. 这里风景如画。 Some girls don’t exercise at all. 一些女孩子一点也不锻炼。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 这家店里的产品和网上的一样便宜。 (2) 在我们学校，艺术和语言、科学同等重要。 2. (教材原句)This man was Xu Xiake, the greatest traveller in Chinese history. the greatest traveller in Chinese history在句中充当Xu Xiake的同位语成分。同位语成分对另一个名词或 代词进行解释或补充说明，一般由名词短语，数词，不定代词或反身代词等充当 如：Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brothers. 昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆。 3. (教材原句)People then thought Tiandu Peak was higher than Lianhua Peak. 此句是常见的“比较级+than+比较对象”的句子。 如：This square is much bigger than that in our town. 这个广场比我们镇子上的那个大多了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 埃拉（Ella）跳舞比埃玛（Emma）好，但埃玛唱歌比她响亮。 (2) 人类有时可以比自然的力量更强大。 4. (教材原句)He discovered that Lianhua Peak gave a wider view, so it must be higher. 此句中that...be higher是一个宾语从句，表示discovered的内容，that引导宾语从句时在从句中不作成分，也没有意义。 如：He found that he has lost his keys. 他发现他钥匙丢了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Do you know ________ red stands for good luck in China?     —Sure. A．who B．when C．what D．that 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) He received an ________ (奖品) for his excellent performance. (2) She ________ (接受) my invitation to the party yesterday. (3) We should better ________ (了解) the cultural value of the Palace Museum. (4) There is heavy ________ (交通) on main roads every morning. (5) Many people in history were working to explore the u__________ (未曾探索的) in their lifetime. (6) Xu Xiake made many ________ (地理的) discoveries during his journey. (7) You can d________ (发现) your interests by taking part in different activities. (8) Xiaoming finally told the t________ (事实) about breaking the window last week. (9) This weekend, I will c________ (爬) the mountain with my parents. (10) The ________ (视野) from the top of Mount Tai was much more wonderful than I had expected. (11) Millie is interested in this park and she often ________ (记录) the beauty of it. (12) The swimmer ________ (实现) his dream in the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics. (13) Mr. Wang is a PE teacher but his greatest ________ (梦想) is to be a cook. (14) My history lesson begins at 3:00 and _________ (结束) at 3:45. (15) The ________ (描述) of my hometown focuses on its green mountains and clear rivers. (16) Bob ________ _______ (动身踏上)on his new journey this morning. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) She spoke slowly, so I ________ (understand) every word. (2) The soldiers landed on an ________ island two days later. (explore) (3) I make friends with Alice because she always takes my words _________. (serious) (4) Most young students dream ________ doing something great in the future. (5) We spend a little time ________ (plan) for the next day every night. (6) Making mobile phone apps gives a sense of ________ (achieve). (7) Scientists are studying the _________ (geography) changes in this area. (8) Every walk turns into a new ________ (discover) of the beauty around you. (9) I don’t think you are telling me the whole ________ (true) about what happened. (10) As a standard step, everyone ________ their interesting experiences when the work is done. (record) (11) Mr. Wang gave us a clear ________ (describe) about his life in the past. (12) It seems that this problem is as ________________ (difficult) as that one. (13) Look! The streets are much ________ (wide) than before. (14) Thanks ________ my teacher’s help, I made great progress in English this term. 3. 单项填空。 (1) With her help, I learned to ________ my mistakes calmly and correct them one by one. A．hide B．forget C．accept D．repeat (2) —What ________ did you have for your hard work? 一A free trip to Singapore. A．message B．idea C．award D．problem (3) —What do you think of the ________ of Huai’an? —Much better than before. However, I still see long lines of cars on roads. A．weather B．traffic C．history D．people (4) After years of research, the scientists finally ________ a new kind of plant in the deep forest. A．invented B．discovered C．grew D．imagined (5) He did not made a careful preparation before the interview last week. ________, he failed to miss the chance to get the job. A．By the way B．As a result C．Tell the truth D．In fact (6) I live on the sixth floor of this building and have a good ________ of Jinshanhu Lake. A．notice B．point C．view D．taste (7) We must ________ follow public rules when we visit museums and cultural places. A．truly B．luckily C．seriously D．clearly (8) You will ________ your dream one day if you work hard. A．climb B．achieve C．provide D．protect (9) — Hi, Teng Fei, what does “family” mean to you? — Oh, I think family is where life begins and love never ________. A．runs B．ends C．comes D．meets (10) —The Doubao AI is simply amazing! —Yeah, it is able to create all kinds of pictures according to people’s ________. A．descriptions B．decisions C．situations D．conditions (11) —When will your family ______ on their winter vacation? —We’ll leave early tomorrow morning to avoid the traffic. A．lay out B．try out C．set out D．cut out (12) —In some urgent situations, it might be okay to break the rules. —________, but breaking rules can have very bad effects. A．I can’t agree with you B．Never mind C．That’s all right D．I understand your point 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 阅读理解 A Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17, he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to trade (做生意) with the Chinese. Finally, they arrived in Beijing and then went to the emperor’s palace. Marco Polo was young, but he was very clever and could speak different languages. The emperor asked Marco Polo to serve in his court (宫廷) and sent him to do many important tasks across the country. Marco Polo was amazed by the beautiful China. He liked Beijing and the emperor’s palace. He described (描述) it as “the greatest palace that ever was...” The walls were covered with gold and silver and the hall was so large that it could easily seat 6,000 people for dinner. He was puzzled (困惑的) by the black stones people used to burn to produce heat. The black stones were coal (煤), but Marco Polo had never seen coal before! In 1295, after 17 years of service to the emperor, Marco Polo went back to Italy. He was then a very rich man. A writer wrote down the stories that Marco Polo told him in a book called The Travels of Marco Polo. People enjoyed reading the book, but many of them thought that Marco Polo’s stories about China were too fantastic to be true. But Marco Polo always stood by his tales. Just before he died in 1324, Marco Polo was asked the question, “Were they all true?” And this was his answer, “I have only told half of what I saw!” 1．Marco Polo and his father went to China to ________. A．go on a trip B．be asked as guests C．do business D．study Chinese 2．What does the 2nd paragraph mainly talk about? A．How beautiful China was. B．How developed China was. C．How big China was. D．How strong China was. 3．What does the underlined word “produce” in the 3rd paragraph mean? A．消除 B．产生 C．扑灭 D．买卖 4．In which order do the following things happen? a. The emperor asked Marco Polo to serve in his court. b. Marco Polo went back to Italy. c. Marco Polo travelled across Europe and Asia. d. The book The Travels of Marco Polo came out. e. The beauty of China amazed Marco Polo. A．a-c-b-e-d B．c-a-e-b-d C．e-a-c-d-b D．e-c-d-b-a 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Marco Polo lived all his life in China. B．No one believed what Marco Polo said. C．The emperor made Marco Polo serve in his court. D．Marco Polo was more than 70 years old when he died. B The sun was setting on the Pacific, and I stood enjoying the warm light through my hotel window. Suddenly, loud cries broke the silence — five white-faced monkeys jumped in, took away my bananas and rushed into the forest! This was just one of many surprising moments in Costa Rica. A few days earlier, I first got to a lively town in this small country. It sits at the foot of Arenal Volcano (火山). When I looked up, thick clouds completely covered the volcano—there was nothing to see! But the next morning, I woke up early—and there it was! I couldn’t look away! Then I hiked to see La Fortuna Waterfall. Going down 500 steps was tiring, but blue butterflies danced around me. The waterfall was so loud! I touched the water—it was freezing cold! Still, I jumped in like a brave penguin. That evening, I relaxed in the natural hot spring under the waterfall. The next day, I visited Monteverde Cloud Forest with a guide. While crossing a bridge high above the trees, I couldn’t believe my eyes: plants covered everywhere in Costa Rica—mountains, beaches and even towns! Nature is truly the boss here! “Our rainforest cover has doubled from 26% to over 52% in the past 30 years,” my guide told me. “We’ve set up many nature parks to protect the rainforest.” Just as I was wowed by the sea of green, a whisper came, “Be quiet—big cats live here.” As we left the cloud forest, my guide smiled and said, “Everyone here lives with nature.” That’s when I realized: Costa Rica’s magic isn’t just its beauty—it’s how local people work together to keep it wild. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By listing numbers. B．By describing a moment. C．By comparing places. D．By asking a question. 2．Which of the following can show the writer’s journey? A． B． C． D． 3．How did the writer feel on the bridge in the forest? A．Bored. B．Afraid. C．Proud. D．Surprised. 4．Which of the following is True according to the passage? A．The water of La Fortuna Waterfall was very cold for the writer. B．The writer saw the volcano clearly on his first day in the town. C．The writer felt easy when he walked down 500 steps to the waterfall. D．The rainforest cover in Costa Rica has become smaller in 30 years. 5．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To tell the development of a country. B．To give advice on protecting animals. C．To share a visit to a magic green land. D．To explain an environmental problem. 2. 任务型阅读 Nature is full of wonderful sights that never fail to amaze us. From the highest mountains to the deepest oceans, every natural wonder tells a story of nature’s power and beauty. Last year, I visited two amazing natural wonders, and the experience changed my view of nature. The first wonder I visited was the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. It is famous for its tall, strange rocks that stand straight in the forest. The rocks are covered with green plants, and when the mist (雾) comes, the park looks like a fairyland. I walked along the path and enjoyed the fresh air and beautiful scenery. I also saw many monkeys playing in the trees, which made the park full of life. This visit made me realize how beautiful and magical nature is. The second natural wonder I visited was the Dead Sea. Unlike other seas, the Dead Sea is so salty that no fish can live in it. When you go into the water, you can float (漂浮) easily without swimming. My parents and I floated in the water and took many photos. I also learned that the Dead Sea has special minerals that are good for our skin. This experience taught me that nature has many surprises waiting for us to explore. Visiting these natural wonders was a great experience. I hope everyone can explore nature’s wonders and learn to protect our beautiful planet. 1．What is Zhangjiajie National Forest Park famous for? 2．What did the writer think of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park? 3．Why can’t fish live in the Dead Sea? 4．What did the writer and his parents do during their visit to the Dead Sea? 5．Which natural wonder do you like? Why? 3. 完形填空 Last summer, my friends and I went on a trip to Dunhuang, a magical place in Gansu. One of my favourite 1 was visiting the Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic spot*. It 2 an area of 76.82 square kilometres and is a national 5A-level tourist attraction. In the morning, we explored Mingsha Mountain. The 3 of the mountain is full of gravel (砾石), but the sand on top is fine and comes in five colours: red, yellow, green, black, and white. The most 4 thing is that the sand can “sing”. That’s why it’s called Mingsha. Mingsha means “singing sand” in Chinese. There’s also a place called Fairy Slope*. Many tourists, including 5 , put on traditional clothes and took great photos there. Later, we visited Crescent Spring, a small 6 in the desert. It got the name because it looks like the new moon. Although it’s in the desert, it has had water for thousands of years. I was so 7 about it. It felt like a hidden treasure in the desert. As night fell, a 8 began. Tourists got together and sat on the sand. When the music started, everyone sang along happily. Some people 9 their phones’ flashlights (手电筒) and enjoyed the beautiful night. The Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic spot is not just a place for fun. It’s also a place where nature becomes magic and history comes alive. If you get a chance to visit Dunhuang, don’t 10 this place. I’m sure you will love it. Notes: * the Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic spot鸣沙山月牙泉风景区 * Fairy Slope仙女坡 1．A．ideas B．roles C．parts D．videos 2．A．covers B．suffers C．crosses D．locates 3．A．name B．design C．top D．bottom 4．A．difficult B．important C．reasonable D．amazing 5．A．her B．me C．it D．them 6．A．factory B．theatre C．pool D．camp 7．A．mad B．disappointed C．positive D．curious 8．A．match B．study C．meeting D．concert 9．A．turned on B．cared about C．put on D．looked at 10．A．fail B．change C．choose D．miss 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Hitting the road 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. in the form of 以…的形式 2. accept an award 领奖、接受奖项 3. on the stage 在舞台上 4. make a travel vlog 制作旅行短视频；旅行vlog 5. talk to local people 和当地人交谈 6. traffic jam 交通堵塞 7. on one’s way to 在去往…的路上；在去做...的路上 8. get around 四处游历；出行；传开 9. a waterproof bag 防水包 10. seriously ill 身患重病、病得很重 11. walk through 步行穿过；走遍 12. as great as... 和…一样伟大 13. at all 全然；根本(常用于否定、疑问) 14. in Chinese history 在中国历史上 15. from an early age 从小、幼年时期起 16. dream of 梦想；向往 17. set out 动身踏上；(set out on)开始做某事 18. achieve his dream 实现他的梦想 19. geographical discoveries 地理发现 20. find out 查明；弄清楚 21. a wider view 更开阔的视野 22. thanks to 多亏；由于 2、 单元重点词汇解析 1. accept /əkˈsept/v. 接受；相信；同意，认可；忍受，容忍；接纳，接受(为成员、会员等) [词汇拓展] acceptance (n.) 接受；认可；acceptable (adj.) 可接受的 [词汇搭配] accept an award领奖；accept an invitation 接受邀请；accept a gift 接受礼物 [词汇辨析] · accept指主观上接受某事或某物。 He didn’t accept her gift. 他没有接受他的礼物。 · receive指客观上收到某物，主观上不一定能接受。 I receives his invitation, but I refused it. 我收到了他的邀请，但我拒绝了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I ______some gifts from my friends，but I didn't ______ them. A．received；accept B．accepted；receive C．receive；accept D．accept；receive 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我收到了来自朋友的一些礼物，但是我们没有接受他们。receive收到，只表示客观事实，没有主观意图；accept接受，指在主观上接受了。根据句意可知，第一个空表示“收到了礼物”，而没有“接受”，故应选A。 2. award /ə'wɔːd/ n. 奖，奖赏；奖品；奖金 [词汇搭配] win/receive/get an award (for...) (因...)获奖 [词汇例句] She won the Best Student Award. 她获得了 “最佳学生奖”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —The four middle school students in Gansu bravely stopped the out-of-control bus and saved 18 passengers. What did they get for their heroic act? —They were given a national honorary title as a(n) ________ for their courage. A．award B．reward C．prize          D．praise          【答案】A 【详解】句意：——甘肃的四名中学生勇敢地拦停了失控公交车，救下了18名乘客。他们的英勇行为得到了什么？——他们被授予一项全国荣誉称号，作为对他们勇气的嘉奖。 award奖项，强调因成就、贡献或表现而由权威机构/组织正式授予的认可，常与“for + 原因”搭配；reward奖赏，侧重“报酬”，一般是为了感谢某人的行为而给予的奖赏，不用于形容荣誉称号；prize奖品，多用于竞赛、比赛获胜后获得的实物奖励，场景偏向“竞技性”；praise赞扬，是抽象的赞美。根据“They were given a national honorary title”可知，此处是国家级荣誉称号，应填award。 3. understand /ˌʌndə'stænd/ v. 了解，知道 [词汇拓展] <过去式> understood ；understanding (n.)理解，领悟；(adj.)善解人意的； misunderstand(v.)误解 [词汇搭配] understand rules 理解规则；understand sb. 理解某人 [词汇例句] Can you understand French? 你懂法语吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空 To make a good kite, you must really ________ the culture behind it. A．understand B．suggest C．beat D．create 【答案】A 【详解】句意：想要制作一只精美的风筝，你必须真正理解它背后蕴含的文化。 understand理解；suggest建议；beat打败；create创造。结合句意，制作好风筝需要理解背后的文化内涵，因此选用understand。 4. traffic /'træfɪk/ n. 路上行驶的车辆，交通；v. (非法) 进行交易；做… 买卖 [词汇拓展] trafficker(n.)非法交易者；trafficking(n.)非法交易 [词汇搭配] traffic jam 交通堵塞；traffic accident交通事故；traffic light交通信号灯 heavy traffic繁忙的交通；traffic rules 交通规则；traffic in非法交易... [词汇例句] There's always a lot of traffic at this time of day. 每天这个时候总是有很多来往车辆。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —It’s dangerous to drive after drinking. —That’s true. It can increase the risk of ________ accidents. A．transport B．travel C．traffic D．journey 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——酒后开车很危险。——确实如此。它会增加交通事故的风险。 考查名词辨析。transport运输；travel旅游；traffic交通；journey旅行。根据“drive after drinking”可推知，此处应表示酒后开车会增加交通事故的风险。故选C。 5. unexplored /ˌʌnɪkˈsplɔːd/ adj. (地方) 未曾探索的，未经勘察的 [词汇拓展] explore(v.)探索；exploration(n.)探索；explorer(n.)探索者 [词汇搭配] explore the unexplored 探索未知 [词汇例句]  The place in the middle remained unexplored now.现在，中间的那个地方还未被探索。 6. seriously /'sɪəriəsli/ adv. 严重地；非常；认真地 [词汇拓展] serious (adj.) 严肃的；认真的；seriousness (n.) 严重性；认真 [词汇搭配] seriously ill 病重；think about ... seriously认真考虑；take sth. seriously 认真对待某事； [词汇例句] Why can't you ever take anything seriously?你怎么对什么都不当回事呢？ [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) If you take this exam ________, you will get good grades for sure. A．serious enough B．enough serious C．seriously enough D．enough seriously 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你足够认真地对待这次考试，你肯定会取得好成绩的。 考查enough的用法和副词辨析。serious认真的，形容词；seriously认真地，副词。根据语境可知，此处是指足够认真地对待考试，应该用副词seriously修饰动词take；enough作副词时，要放在它所修饰的形容词、副词后面。故选C。 (2) There ________ an educational report tomorrow. We should take it ________. A．is; careful B．will have; carefully C．is going to be; serious D．will be; seriously 【答案】D 【详解】句意：明天有关于教育的报告。我们应该认真对待它。 考查there be结构及副词的用法。careful仔细的；carefully仔细地；serious认真的；seriously认真地。根据“tomorrow”可知，此句是there be结构的将来时形式，且“take sth. seriously”意为“认真对待某事”，副词seriously修饰动词短语take sth.。故选D。 7. end /end/ v. 使结束，使停止；n. 末尾；结束 [词汇拓展] ending (n.)(电影，故事等的)结局，结尾 [词汇搭配] end the last trip结束最后一次旅行；end with 以...结束；；end up doing最终做了某事 at the end 最后；在末尾；he end of the book书的末尾 [词汇例句] The meeting came to an end.会议结束了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 My cousin will come back to China from New York ________ the end of this month. A．in B．to C．at D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我堂兄将于本月底从纽约返回中国。 考查介词词义辨析。in在……里面；to到；at在；for为了 。at the end of“在……结尾”，固定搭配。故选C。 8. spend /spend/ v. 度过，花(时间) [词汇搭配] sb. spend +时间/金钱+on sth. 某人花费...时间/金钱在某物上 sb. spend +时间/金钱+(in) doing sth. 某人花费...时间/金钱做某事 spend +时间+with +sb. 花时间陪伴某人 spend the weekend度过周末 [词汇例句] She spend 100 yuan on books every month. 她每个月在书籍方面花费100元。 How do you spend your free time?你在业余时间干什么？ [词汇辨析] · spend表示“花费”，后可接时间或金钱。spend表示花费，用人作主语。 Mr. Brown spend 20 minutes reading a newspaper every night. 布朗先生每天晚上花费20分钟时间读报。 · take通常表示“需要，花费”，常表示花费时间等。 常用搭配：It takes sb. +时间段+ to do sth. 做某事花费/需要某人...时间 It takes my father about 20 minutes to go to work every day. 我爸爸每天上班大约花费20分钟时间。 · cost 表示“花费”，后接金钱。cost表示花费时，用物作主语。 cost还以作名词，表示“成本，花费” 常用搭配：sth. cost sb. +金钱 某物花费了某人...钱 The jacket costs me 100 dollars. 这件夹克衫花了我100美元。 · pay表示“支付”。 常用搭配：pay +钱+for sth. 为某物支付...钱 You need to pay 10 yuan for the book. [随学随练] 选词填空。 (1) —Linda, could you work out the cost of the fruit in season? —No problem. We need to pay about 28 yuan for all of it. (2) Eddie, don’t spend too much time watching TV! It’s bad for your eyes. (3) Theses two coats cost my mum 200 dollars. (4) It takes him about half an hour to get to the office from his home every morning. 用所给词的适当形式填空或填上适当的词汇使句意完整。 (1) He spends about three hours doing (do) homework every day. (2) We should spend more time with our family on the weekend. (3) It took me one hour to find(find) the book. (4) You need to pay 10yuan for the magazine(杂志). 9. dream /driːm/ v. 梦想，希望；n. 梦想；梦 [词汇拓展] <过去式> dreamed / dreamt [词汇搭配] dream of/about 梦见；梦想；realize/achieve one’s dreams实现某人的梦想 one’s dreams come true 某人梦想实现；her dream university她梦想的大学 Sweet dreams. 祝你做个好梦；like a bad dream处境噩梦般 [词汇例句] She dreams about visiting the places of interest in Beijing, from the Palace Museum to the Great Wall. 她梦想着参观北京的名胜古迹，从故宫博物院到长城。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1)The success of Liu Cixin tells us that we can achieve our dreams ________ working hard. A．of B．by C．without 【答案】B 【详解】句意：刘慈欣的成功告诉我们，我们可以通过努力实现我们的梦想。 考查介词词义辨析。of……的；by通过；without没有。根据语境并结合选项可知，此处指方式方法，by符合。故选B。 (2)—What is your dream job when you grow up?     —I dream ________ becoming an astronaut. A．of B．about C．to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你长大后的梦想工作是什么？——我梦想成为一名宇航员。 考查介词辨析和动词短语。dream of梦想；dream about梦见；to到。根据“I dream ... becoming an astronaut.”可知，梦想成为一名宇航员，应用dream of。故选A。 10. achieve /ə'tʃiːv/ v. 实现；(尤指经过努力)取得，达到 [词汇拓展] achievement(n.)实现；成就；achievable(adj.)可实现的；realize(v.)实现 [词汇搭配] achieve one’s goals/dreams实现某人的目标/梦想 achieve your resolutions实现你的决心 [词汇例句] We finally achieved success. 我们最终获得了成功。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 With hard work, you can ________ your goal of getting good grades. A．lose B．change C．achieve D．forget 【答案】C 【详解】句意：通过努力，你可以实现取得好成绩的目标。 考查动词辨析。lose失去；change改变；achieve实现；forget忘记。根据“your goal of getting good grades”可知，此处指通过努力实现取得好成绩的目标；achieve…goal实现……目标，符合语境。故选C。 11. geographical /ˌdʒiːəˈgræfɪkəl/ adj. 地理的；地理(学)的 [词汇拓展] geography(n.)地理；地理学；geographer(n.)地理学家；geographically(adv.)地理地 [词汇搭配] geographical discoveries 地理学的发现 12. discovery /dɪs'kʌvəri/ n. 被发现的事实(事物) discover /dɪ'skʌvə/ v. 发现，找到 [词汇拓展] (pl.) discoveries；discoverer(n.)发现者 [词汇搭配] the discovery of new talent ...的发现；a new discover一个新的发现 [词汇用法] · discover通常表示“第一个发现”。 Columbs the first European to discover America. 第一个发现美洲大陆的欧洲人 · discover也可以表示“发现以前不知道的事实”或“出乎意料的发现”。 We discovered this beach while we were sailing around the island.我们在围绕这个海岛航行时发现了 这个海滩。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou found Qinghaosu and won the 2015 Nobel Prize. —Her ________ saved millions of lives across the world. A．dream B．story C．discovery D．decision 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——中国科学家屠呦呦发现了青蒿素并获得了2015年诺贝尔奖。——她的发现拯救了全世界数百万人的生命。 考查名词辨析。dream梦想；story故事；discovery发现；decision决定。根据前文“found Qinghaosu”可知，青蒿素是屠呦呦的科学发现，这一发现拯救了许多生命。故选C。 (2) Autumn is a wonderful time to go out and ________ the beauty of nature. A．discover B．suffer C．prove D．cheer 【答案】A 【详解】句意：秋天是外出并发现自然之美的绝佳时机。 discover发现；suffer遭受；prove证明；cheer欢呼。根据“Autumn is a wonderful time”及“the beauty of nature”可知，秋天是美好的时光，外出是为了发现自然之美，discover符合语境。 13. truth /truːθ/ n. 事实，真相，实情 [词汇拓展] true (adj.)真实的；truly (adv.)真正地；确实；truthful(adj.)诚实的 [词汇搭配] tell the truth 说实话；in truth 的确，事实上 [词汇例句] When someone lies with their words, their body language often tells the truth.  当一个人 说谎时，他们的肢体语言往往会“说出”真相。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He is a ________ child. I’m sure he will tell us the ________. A．true; truthful B．truth; true C．truthful; truth D．true; true 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是一个诚实的孩子。我相信他会告诉我们真相的。 考查形容词和名词辨析。true真的，多用于形容事物；truthful诚实的/真实的，用于人或物；truth真相，名词。child“孩子”是名词，需用形容词修饰，truthful符合句意；定冠词the后接名词，后空需用truth。结合选项，故选C。 14. climb /klɑɪm/ v. 爬(山)，登(山) [词汇拓展] climber(n.)登山者；climbing(n.)登山运动 [词汇搭配] climb a high mountain攀登高山；climb through the window从窗口爬出 [词汇例句] Climbing the first hill took half an hour.爬第一座小山花了半个钟头。 [随学随练] Monkeys are cute and good at ________ trees. A．cut B．cutting C．climb D．climbing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：猴子很可爱，擅长爬树。 考查动词辨析和用法。cut切；climb爬。根据“Monkeys are cute”和trees可知，此处指猴子会爬树，排除A和B；形容词短语be good at doing sth表示“擅长做某事”，此空为动名词作宾语。故选D。 15. view /vjuː/ n. 视野；看法；景色；v. 把...视为...，看待；观看，看 [词汇拓展] viewer(n.)观众；观看者 [词汇搭配] a wider view更开阔的视野；come into view映入眼帘 from one’s point of view从某人的观点看；in one’s view在某人看来 in view of...鉴于，考虑到 [随学随练] 写出view在下列句子中的中文意思 (1) In view of the weather, the event will now be held indoors. 鉴于 (2) His views on the subject were well known. (n.)观点，看法 (3) People came from all over the world to view her work. (v.)观看，看 (4) How do you view your position(职位) within the company? (v.)把...视为，看待 (5) I'd like a room with a beautiful view. (n.)风景 (6) The sun disappeared from view . (n.)视野，视线 16. record /rɪ'kɔːd/ v. 记录；录制，录(音) /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 记录；唱片；(体育运动或活动的)纪录，最好成绩 [词汇拓展] recording(n.) 记录，记载；录制的音像，录音；recorder(n.)录音机；记录装置 [词汇搭配] keep a record of记录...；play a record 播放唱片；set a new record 刷新纪录 [词汇例句] You should keep a record of your expenses. 你应该记下你的各项开支。 [随学随练] 用record的适当形式填空。 (1) To make progress you should listen to the recording and read aloud every day. (2) Liu Xiang broke the Olympic Games record in 2004. (3) Taking photos is a good way to record our lives. (4) Rodney put the recorder on the desk top and pushed the play button(按键). 17. description /dɪ'skriɪpʃən/ n. 描述，描写，叙述 [词汇拓展] describe(v.)描述，描绘 [词汇搭配] give a full description of...对...进行详尽的描述 answer a description of...与描述的...相像 [词汇例句] Please give a full description of the accident. 请对事故进行详尽的描述。 [随学随练] 单项填空 In the travel guide, there is a clear _________ of the local customs (习俗) and traditions (传统) in the town. A．solution B．description C．vacation D．invention 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在旅游指南中，对该镇的当地习俗和传统有清晰的描述。 solution解决办法；description描述；vacation假期；invention发明。根据语境中的“travel guide”及空后的“of the local customs and traditions”可知，旅游指南中是对当地的习俗和传统进行介绍和描述，应用description。 3、 重难句型解析 1. (教材原句)People say I’m as great as Zhang Qian and Xuanzang. So I have no regrets at all. as great as是“as+原级+as”构成的平级比较结构，表示“和...一样...的”。 at all表示“根本”，通常和否定词连用构成“no/not..at all”，意为“根本也不，一点也不”。 如： The view here is as beautiful as a painting. 这里风景如画。 Some girls don’t exercise at all. 一些女孩子一点也不锻炼。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 这家店里的产品和网上的一样便宜。 【答案】The products in this shop are as cheap as the ones/those on the Internet/online. (2) 在我们学校，艺术和语言、科学同等重要。 【答案】The arts are as important as languages and science at our school. 2. (教材原句)This man was Xu Xiake, the greatest traveller in Chinese history. the greatest traveller in Chinese history在句中充当Xu Xiake的同位语成分。同位语成分对另一个名词或 代词进行解释或补充说明，一般由名词短语，数词，不定代词或反身代词等充当 如：Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brothers. 昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆。 3. (教材原句)People then thought Tiandu Peak was higher than Lianhua Peak. 此句是常见的“比较级+than+比较对象”的句子。 如：This square is much bigger than that in our town. 这个广场比我们镇子上的那个大多了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 埃拉（Ella）跳舞比埃玛（Emma）好，但埃玛唱歌比她响亮。 【答案】Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her. (2) 人类有时可以比自然的力量更强大。 【答案】Humans can sometimes be more powerful than the forces of nature. 4. (教材原句)He discovered that Lianhua Peak gave a wider view, so it must be higher. 此句中that...be higher是一个宾语从句，表示discovered的内容，that引导宾语从句时在从句中不作成分，也没有意义。 如：He found that he has lost his keys. 他发现他钥匙丢了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Do you know ________ red stands for good luck in China?     —Sure. A．who B．when C．what D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道在中国红色代表好运吗？——当然。 who指代人；when表时间；what在从句充当句子成分；that无词义、不作句子成分。从句red stands for good luck in China句意完整、不缺成分，用that引导。 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) He received an ________ (奖品) for his excellent performance. 【答案】award 【详解】句意：他因出色的表现获得了一个奖品。根据“an”可知，空白为可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，可知“奖品”对应英文award。故填award。 (2) She ________ (接受) my invitation to the party yesterday. 【答案】accepted 【详解】句意：她昨天接受了我参加聚会的邀请。句中“yesterday”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。accept的过去式在词尾加-ed。 (3) We should better ________ (了解) the cultural value of the Palace Museum. 【答案】understand 【详解】句意：我们应该更好地了解故宫博物院的文化价值。“了解”对应单词understand，空前有情态动词should，情态动词后接动词原形，因此填understand的原形。 (4) There is heavy ________ (交通) on main roads every morning. 【答案】traffic 【详解】句意：每天早上主干道上交通拥堵。traffic“交通”，不可数名词，故填traffic。 (5) Many people in history were working to explore the u__________ (未曾探索的) in their lifetime. 【答案】unexplored/nexplored 【详解】句意：历史上的许多人一生都在努力探索那些未曾探索的领域。根据中文提示及首字母u可知，“未曾探索的”对应的英文是unexplored，此处与定冠词the连用，构成“the+形容词”表示一类事物。故填unexplored。 (6) Xu Xiake made many ________ (地理的) discoveries during his journey. 【答案】geographical 【详解】句意：徐霞客在他的旅行中做出了许多地理发现。根据“discoveries”提示，需填形容词作定语。“地理的”为形容词geographical。 (7) You can d________ (发现) your interests by taking part in different activities. 【答案】(d)iscover 【详解】句意：你可以通过参加不同的活动来发现你的兴趣。discover“发现”，can是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填(d)iscover。 (8) Xiaoming finally told the t________ (事实) about breaking the window last week. 【答案】truth/ruth 【详解】句意：小明上周终于说出了打破窗户的事实。句中“told”为动词tell的过去式，后需接名词作宾语。根据中文提示“事实”，对应英文单词“truth”，固定短语tell the truth意为“说实话，讲出事实”。故填truth。 (9) This weekend, I will c________ (爬) the mountain with my parents. 【答案】climb/limb 【详解】句意：这个周末，我将和我的父母去爬山。根据中文提示和首字母，climb“爬”符合题意，will后接动词原形。故填climb。 (10) The ________ (视野) from the top of Mount Tai was much more wonderful than I had expected. 【答案】view 【详解】句意：从泰山山顶看到的视野比我预想的要好得多。“视野”对应的单词是view。在句中空格处在主语位置，后面谓语动词为was，说明主语使用单数形式。 (11) Millie is interested in this park and she often ________ (记录) the beauty of it. 【答案】records 【详解】句意：米莉对这个公园很感兴趣，她经常记录它的美丽。空格前“often”描述经常性动作，用一般现在时；主语“Millie”是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式；表示“记录”的动词是record，其三单形式为records。 (12) The swimmer ________ (实现) his dream in the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics. 【答案】achieved 【详解】句意：游泳者实现了他在2024年巴黎夏季奥运会上的梦想。根据汉语提示可知，achieve意为“实现”，为动词，根据“in the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填achieved。 (13) Mr. Wang is a PE teacher but his greatest ________ (梦想) is to be a cook. 【答案】dream 【详解】句意：王老师是一名体育老师，但他最大的梦想是成为一名厨师。根据“his greatest...is”提示，此处应填可数名词单数形式作主语。“梦想”为名词dream，作主语。 (14) My history lesson begins at 3:00 and _________ (结束) at 3:45. 【答案】ends 【详解】句意：我的历史课三点开始，三点四十五结束。根据汉语提示可知，end“结束”；句子时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填ends。 (15) The ________ (描述) of my hometown focuses on its green mountains and clear rivers. 【答案】description 【详解】句意：我家乡的描述聚焦于它的青山和清澈的河流。根据汉语提示“描述”可知，应填名词description；在句中，The description of my hometown是整个句子的主语，且谓语动词focuses为第三人称单数形式，说明主语需为单数，故填description。 (16) Bob ________ _______ (动身踏上)on his new journey this morning. 【答案】 set out 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“动身踏上”。“动身，出发”常见表达为“set out”，句子时态为一般过去时，“set”的过去式还是“set”。故填set；out。 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) She spoke slowly, so I ________ (understand) every word. 【答案】understood 【详解】句意：她说得很慢，所以我听懂了每一个词。spoke为一般过去时，so连接的并列句时态通常保持一致，故understand也用一般过去时，其过去式为understood。 (2) The soldiers landed on an ________ island two days later. (explore) 【答案】unexplored 【详解】句意：两天后，士兵们登上了一个无人探索的岛屿。根据“The soldiers landed on an … island”结合提示词以及语境可知，此处应指登上了一个无人探索过的岛屿，unexplored“未勘查过的”，形容词作定语。故填unexplored。 (3) I make friends with Alice because she always takes my words _________. (serious) 【答案】 seriously 【详解】句意：我和Alice交朋友，因为她总是认真对待我说的话。take sth. seriously意为“认真对待某事”，固定搭配。故填seriously。 (4) Most young students dream ________ doing something great in the future. 【答案】of 【详解】句意：大多数年轻学生梦想将来做一番大事。dream of doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”，故填of。 (5) We spend a little time ________ (plan) for the next day every night. 【答案】planning 【详解】句意：我们每晚花一点时间为第二天做计划。spend time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，后接动名词作宾语。plan的动名词形式是planning。 (6) Making mobile phone apps gives a sense of ________ (achieve). 【答案】achievement 【详解】句意：制作手机应用会给人一种成就感。根据空前的“a sense of”可知，此处搭配名词表示“一种……的感觉”。动词achieve的名词形式是achievement。 (7) Scientists are studying the _________ (geography) changes in this area. 【答案】geographical 【详解】句意：科学家们正在研究这个地区的地理变化。geography“地理”，名词；修饰名词“changes”应用形容词geographical“地理的”。故填geographical。 (8) Every walk turns into a new ________ (discover) of the beauty around you. 【答案】discovery 【详解】句意：每一次漫步都会让你全新发现身边的美好。空格前“a new”后接可数名词单数，discover的名词形式为discovery。 (9) I don’t think you are telling me the whole ________ (true) about what happened. 【答案】truth 【详解】句意：我觉得你并没有向我如实讲述事情的全部经过。空前有定冠词“the”和形容词“whole”，因此此处需要填名词。true的名词形式是truth，意思是“真相”，the whole truth表示“全部真相”。 (10) As a standard step, everyone ________ their interesting experiences when the work is done. (record) 【答案】records 【详解】句意：作为一个常规步骤，工作完成后每个人都会记录下他们有趣的经历。句中“everyone”为主语，此处缺少谓语，应用动词。record作为动词时，意为“记录”，根据句意可知，此处用一般现在时，主语“everyone”为第三人称单数，record用第三人称单数。故填records。 (11) Mr. Wang gave us a clear ________ (describe) about his life in the past. 【答案】description 【详解】句意：王先生给我们清晰地描述了他过去的生活。句中不定冠词a和形容词clear后需接名词，提示此处应将动词describe转化为名词形式。结合语境，对应的名词是description（意为“描述”）。 (12) It seems that this problem is as ________________ (difficult) as that one. 【答案】difficult 【详解】句意：好像这个问题和那个一样难。as...as和……一样，中间用形容词或副词原级，因此这里填difficult。故填difficult。 (13) Look! The streets are much ________ (wide) than before. 【答案】wider 【详解】句意：看！这些街道比以前宽多了。由“than”可知，此处应用wide的比较级wider。 (14) Thanks ________ my teacher’s help, I made great progress in English this term. 【答案】to 【详解】句意：多亏了老师的帮助，我这学期的英语取得了很大进步。根据“Thanks…my teacher’s help”可知，固定搭配thanks to“多亏；由于；因为”，介词to符合语境。 3. 单项填空。 (1) With her help, I learned to ________ my mistakes calmly and correct them one by one. A．hide B．forget C．accept D．repeat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在她的帮助下，我学会了冷静地接受我的错误并逐一改正它们。 hide隐藏；forget忘记；accept接受；repeat重复。根据后半句“correct them one by one”可知，要想改正错误，首先需要正视并承认错误，只有accept符合。 (2) —What ________ did you have for your hard work? 一A free trip to Singapore. A．message B．idea C．award D．problem 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你努力工作得到了什么奖励？——新加坡免费旅游。 考查名词辨析。message信息；idea想法；award奖励；problem问题。根据“A free trip to Singapore.”可知免费新加坡旅游应该是努力工作的奖励。故选C。 (3) —What do you think of the ________ of Huai’an? —Much better than before. However, I still see long lines of cars on roads. A．weather B．traffic C．history D．people 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得淮安的交通怎么样？——比以前好多了。不过，我仍然看到路上排着长长的车龙。 weather天气；traffic交通；history历史；people人们。根据“long lines of cars on roads” (路上排着长长的车龙) 可知，应填“traffic”。 (4) After years of research, the scientists finally ________ a new kind of plant in the deep forest. A．invented B．discovered C．grew D．imagined 【答案】B 【详解】句意：经过多年的研究，科学家们终于在深林中发现了一种新植物。 invented发明；discovered发现；grew种植/生长；imagined想象。根据空后的“in the deep forest”提示可知，此处指在自然界中找到了原本就存在但此前未被知晓的新物种。discovered表示发现自然界中存在的事物，符合语境。 (5) He did not made a careful preparation before the interview last week. ________, he failed to miss the chance to get the job. A．By the way B．As a result C．Tell the truth D．In fact 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周他在面试前没有做认真的准备。结果，他没有错过得到那份工作的机会。 考查副词短语。By the way顺道说一下；As a result结果；Tell the truth说实话；In fact事实上。根据“He did not made a careful preparation before the interview last week. … he failed to miss the chance to get the job”可知，没有做认真准备的结果就是没有得到那份工作，故选B。 (6) I live on the sixth floor of this building and have a good ________ of Jinshanhu Lake. A．notice B．point C．view D．taste 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我住在这栋楼的六楼，能很好地看到金山湖的景色。 notice通知；point要点；view景色、视野；taste味道、品味。根据“live on the sixth floor”和“of Jinshanhu Lake”可知，是指从六楼看到的湖景，“view”符合语境。 (7) We must ________ follow public rules when we visit museums and cultural places. A．truly B．luckily C．seriously D．clearly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们参观博物馆和文化场所时，我们必须认真遵守公共规则。 truly真正地；luckily幸运地；seriously认真地；clearly清楚地。根据“follow public rules when we visit museums and cultural places”可知，在公共场所参观时需要严肃认真地遵守规则，seriously符合语境。 (8) You will ________ your dream one day if you work hard. A．climb B．achieve C．provide D．protect 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你努力工作，总有一天你会实现你的梦想。 climb爬；achieve实现；provide提供；protect保护。根据“if you work hard”可知，努力工作的结果是实现梦想，achieve one’s dream意为“实现梦想”。 (9) — Hi, Teng Fei, what does “family” mean to you? — Oh, I think family is where life begins and love never ________. A．runs B．ends C．comes D．meets 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——嗨，腾飞，“家庭”对你意味着什么？——哦，我认为家庭是生命开始的地方，爱永不结束。 考查动词辨析。runs跑；ends结束；comes来；meets遇见。分析句子结构，“where life begins and love never…” 是一个由 and 连接的并列定语从句，修饰“地方”。为了与前半句的“开始 (begins)”在意义上形成美好的呼应和对仗，后半句应表达“终结”的含义，以体现家庭中“爱是永恒”的经典理念。因此，“爱永不结束”最符合逻辑与语境。故选B。 (10) —The Doubao AI is simply amazing! —Yeah, it is able to create all kinds of pictures according to people’s ________. A．descriptions B．decisions C．situations D．conditions 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——豆包AI简直太棒了！——是的，它能根据人们的描述创作出各种图片。 考查名词辨析。descriptions 描述；decisions 决定；situations 情况；conditions 条件。根据前文“create all kinds of pictures”可知，AI生成图片需要依据人们给出的文字描述，因此descriptions最符合语境。故选A。 (11) —When will your family ______ on their winter vacation? —We’ll leave early tomorrow morning to avoid the traffic. A．lay out B．try out C．set out D．cut out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的家人将什么时候出发去度寒假？——我们明天一早出发以避开交通。 lay out布置，安排；try out试验，试用；set out出发，动身；cut out删去，切断。根据答句“We’ll leave early tomorrow morning to avoid the traffic.”可知，前句强调“出发”去度假，应填set out。 (12) —In some urgent situations, it might be okay to break the rules. —________, but breaking rules can have very bad effects. A．I can’t agree with you B．Never mind C．That’s all right D．I understand your point 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在某些紧急情况下，打破规则可能是可以的。——我理解你的观点，但打破规则可能会有非常糟糕的影响。 考查情景交际用语。I can’t agree with you我不同意你的观点；Never mind没关系；That’s all right没关系/不用谢；I understand your point我理解你的观点。根据答语中“but”后的转折内容可知，说话者先部分认同对方观点，再提出不同看法，因此应先表示理解对方观点。故选D。 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 阅读理解 A Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17, he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to trade (做生意) with the Chinese. Finally, they arrived in Beijing and then went to the emperor’s palace. Marco Polo was young, but he was very clever and could speak different languages. The emperor asked Marco Polo to serve in his court (宫廷) and sent him to do many important tasks across the country. Marco Polo was amazed by the beautiful China. He liked Beijing and the emperor’s palace. He described (描述) it as “the greatest palace that ever was...” The walls were covered with gold and silver and the hall was so large that it could easily seat 6,000 people for dinner. He was puzzled (困惑的) by the black stones people used to burn to produce heat. The black stones were coal (煤), but Marco Polo had never seen coal before! In 1295, after 17 years of service to the emperor, Marco Polo went back to Italy. He was then a very rich man. A writer wrote down the stories that Marco Polo told him in a book called The Travels of Marco Polo. People enjoyed reading the book, but many of them thought that Marco Polo’s stories about China were too fantastic to be true. But Marco Polo always stood by his tales. Just before he died in 1324, Marco Polo was asked the question, “Were they all true?” And this was his answer, “I have only told half of what I saw!” 1．Marco Polo and his father went to China to ________. A．go on a trip B．be asked as guests C．do business D．study Chinese 2．What does the 2nd paragraph mainly talk about? A．How beautiful China was. B．How developed China was. C．How big China was. D．How strong China was. 3．What does the underlined word “produce” in the 3rd paragraph mean? A．消除 B．产生 C．扑灭 D．买卖 4．In which order do the following things happen? a. The emperor asked Marco Polo to serve in his court. b. Marco Polo went back to Italy. c. Marco Polo travelled across Europe and Asia. d. The book The Travels of Marco Polo came out. e. The beauty of China amazed Marco Polo. A．a-c-b-e-d B．c-a-e-b-d C．e-a-c-d-b D．e-c-d-b-a 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Marco Polo lived all his life in China. B．No one believed what Marco Polo said. C．The emperor made Marco Polo serve in his court. D．Marco Polo was more than 70 years old when he died. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文人物传记，主要讲述了马可·波罗从意大利出发前往中国，在中国的经历、见闻，以及他返回意大利后《马可·波罗游记》的诞生和世人对他故事的评价。 【详解】 1．第一段明确说明：“...with his father, who wanted to trade (做生意) with the Chinese.”，直接表明马可·波罗和父亲前往中国的目的是做生意。 2．第二段围绕“Marco Polo was amazed by the beautiful China”展开，描述了北京和皇宫的壮丽景象，核心是展现中国的美丽与繁华，因此本段主要讲的是中国的美丽。 3．第三段中“produce heat”的语境是“the black stones people used to burn to produce heat”，结合常识，燃烧煤炭的目的是产生热量，因此“produce”的意思是“产生”。 4．文章按时间顺序依次叙述了马可·波罗穿越欧亚大陆、被皇帝留在宫廷任职、惊叹于中国的美丽、返回意大利，以及《马可·波罗游记》出版的事件。 5．第一段提到“The emperor asked Marco Polo to serve in his court”，直接说明皇帝让马可·波罗在宫廷任职。 B The sun was setting on the Pacific, and I stood enjoying the warm light through my hotel window. Suddenly, loud cries broke the silence — five white-faced monkeys jumped in, took away my bananas and rushed into the forest! This was just one of many surprising moments in Costa Rica. A few days earlier, I first got to a lively town in this small country. It sits at the foot of Arenal Volcano (火山). When I looked up, thick clouds completely covered the volcano—there was nothing to see! But the next morning, I woke up early—and there it was! I couldn’t look away! Then I hiked to see La Fortuna Waterfall. Going down 500 steps was tiring, but blue butterflies danced around me. The waterfall was so loud! I touched the water—it was freezing cold! Still, I jumped in like a brave penguin. That evening, I relaxed in the natural hot spring under the waterfall. The next day, I visited Monteverde Cloud Forest with a guide. While crossing a bridge high above the trees, I couldn’t believe my eyes: plants covered everywhere in Costa Rica—mountains, beaches and even towns! Nature is truly the boss here! “Our rainforest cover has doubled from 26% to over 52% in the past 30 years,” my guide told me. “We’ve set up many nature parks to protect the rainforest.” Just as I was wowed by the sea of green, a whisper came, “Be quiet—big cats live here.” As we left the cloud forest, my guide smiled and said, “Everyone here lives with nature.” That’s when I realized: Costa Rica’s magic isn’t just its beauty—it’s how local people work together to keep it wild. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By listing numbers. B．By describing a moment. C．By comparing places. D．By asking a question. 2．Which of the following can show the writer’s journey? A． B． C． D． 3．How did the writer feel on the bridge in the forest? A．Bored. B．Afraid. C．Proud. D．Surprised. 4．Which of the following is True according to the passage? A．The water of La Fortuna Waterfall was very cold for the writer. B．The writer saw the volcano clearly on his first day in the town. C．The writer felt easy when he walked down 500 steps to the waterfall. D．The rainforest cover in Costa Rica has become smaller in 30 years. 5．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To tell the development of a country. B．To give advice on protecting animals. C．To share a visit to a magic green land. D．To explain an environmental problem. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者在哥斯达黎加的旅行经历，包括酒店遇到猴子、观赏阿雷纳尔火山、游览拉福图纳瀑布、蒙特韦德云雾森林等，并感受到当地人与自然和谐共处的理念。 【详解】 1．第一段作者描述了在酒店窗前看日落时，突然被白脸猴子抢走香蕉的场景，通过描述一个具体时刻来引入文章。 2．文中作者的旅行顺序为：到达小镇（Arenal Volcano山脚）→ 早上看到火山 → 徒步去La Fortuna Waterfall → 晚上泡温泉 → 去Monteverde Cloud Forest，选项C的地图路线符合这一顺序。 3．由第四段“While crossing a bridge... I couldn’t believe my eyes”以及“Just as I was wowed by the sea of green”可知，作者在森林的桥上是“惊讶的”。 4．由第三段“I touched the water—it was freezing cold!”可知，作者觉得拉福图纳瀑布的水很冷。 5．全文记录了作者在哥斯达黎加的旅行经历和见闻，因此写作目的是“分享一次对神奇绿色土地的访问”。 2. 任务型阅读 Nature is full of wonderful sights that never fail to amaze us. From the highest mountains to the deepest oceans, every natural wonder tells a story of nature’s power and beauty. Last year, I visited two amazing natural wonders, and the experience changed my view of nature. The first wonder I visited was the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. It is famous for its tall, strange rocks that stand straight in the forest. The rocks are covered with green plants, and when the mist (雾) comes, the park looks like a fairyland. I walked along the path and enjoyed the fresh air and beautiful scenery. I also saw many monkeys playing in the trees, which made the park full of life. This visit made me realize how beautiful and magical nature is. The second natural wonder I visited was the Dead Sea. Unlike other seas, the Dead Sea is so salty that no fish can live in it. When you go into the water, you can float (漂浮) easily without swimming. My parents and I floated in the water and took many photos. I also learned that the Dead Sea has special minerals that are good for our skin. This experience taught me that nature has many surprises waiting for us to explore. Visiting these natural wonders was a great experience. I hope everyone can explore nature’s wonders and learn to protect our beautiful planet. 1．What is Zhangjiajie National Forest Park famous for? 2．What did the writer think of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park? 3．Why can’t fish live in the Dead Sea? 4．What did the writer and his parents do during their visit to the Dead Sea? 5．Which natural wonder do you like? Why? 【答案】1．It is famous for its tall, strange rocks that stand straight in the forest. 2．Beautiful and magical. 3．Because the Dead Sea is so/too salty that no fish can live in it. 4．They floated in the water and took many photos. 5．本题为开放性题目，无固定答案，言之有理即可。示例：I like Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. Because the park is full of life. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者去年参观张家界国家森林公园和死海这两大自然奇观的经历，描述了所见景色及感受，表达了作者对自然的热爱以及保护地球的愿望。 【详解】 1．第二段的句子“It is famous for its tall, strange rocks that stand straight in the forest.”表明，张家界国家森林公园因其高大奇特的岩石而闻名。 2．第二段的句子”This visit made me realize how beautiful and magical nature is.”表明，作者认为张家界国家森林公园美丽且神奇。 3．第三段的句子“Unlike other seas, the Dead Sea is so salty that no fish can live in it.”表明，鱼不能生存是因为死海太咸了。 4．第三段的句子“My parents and I floated in the water and took many photos.”表明，作者和父母在水中漂浮并拍照。 5．本题为开放性问题，无固定答案，言之有理即可。需结合个人喜好写出最喜欢的自然奇观并给出合理理由。示例：I like Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. Because the park is full of life. 3. 完形填空 Last summer, my friends and I went on a trip to Dunhuang, a magical place in Gansu. One of my favourite 1 was visiting the Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic spot*. It 2 an area of 76.82 square kilometres and is a national 5A-level tourist attraction. In the morning, we explored Mingsha Mountain. The 3 of the mountain is full of gravel (砾石), but the sand on top is fine and comes in five colours: red, yellow, green, black, and white. The most 4 thing is that the sand can “sing”. That’s why it’s called Mingsha. Mingsha means “singing sand” in Chinese. There’s also a place called Fairy Slope*. Many tourists, including 5 , put on traditional clothes and took great photos there. Later, we visited Crescent Spring, a small 6 in the desert. It got the name because it looks like the new moon. Although it’s in the desert, it has had water for thousands of years. I was so 7 about it. It felt like a hidden treasure in the desert. As night fell, a 8 began. Tourists got together and sat on the sand. When the music started, everyone sang along happily. Some people 9 their phones’ flashlights (手电筒) and enjoyed the beautiful night. The Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic spot is not just a place for fun. It’s also a place where nature becomes magic and history comes alive. If you get a chance to visit Dunhuang, don’t 10 this place. I’m sure you will love it. Notes: * the Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Spring scenic spot鸣沙山月牙泉风景区 * Fairy Slope仙女坡 1．A．ideas B．roles C．parts D．videos 2．A．covers B．suffers C．crosses D．locates 3．A．name B．design C．top D．bottom 4．A．difficult B．important C．reasonable D．amazing 5．A．her B．me C．it D．them 6．A．factory B．theatre C．pool D．camp 7．A．mad B．disappointed C．positive D．curious 8．A．match B．study C．meeting D．concert 9．A．turned on B．cared about C．put on D．looked at 10．A．fail B．change C．choose D．miss 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者和朋友去年夏天去敦煌鸣沙山月牙泉景区游玩的经历。他们探索了鸣沙山，体验了“唱歌的沙子”，参观了形似新月的月牙泉，晚上还参加了沙漠音乐会，并推荐读者不要错过这个地方。 1．句意：我最喜欢的部分之一是参观鸣沙山月牙泉风景区。 “visiting the Mingsha Mountain...”是整个旅行中的一部分，应用parts“部分”。ideas“想法”、roles“角色”、videos“视频”均不符合。 2．句意：它占地76.82平方公里，是国家5A级旅游景区。 表示面积覆盖，应用covers“覆盖”。suffers“遭受”、crosses“穿过”、locates“位于”（locate常用被动，且不直接接面积）均不符合。 3．句意：山的底部满是砾石，但顶部的沙子很细，有红、黄、绿、黑、白五种颜色。 与“on top”相对，前面描述的是山的下部，应用bottom“底部”。name“名字”、design“设计”、top“顶部”（与后文“on top”矛盾）均不符合。 4．句意：最令人惊奇的是沙子会“唱歌”。 沙子能唱歌是非常奇特的现象，应用amazing“令人惊奇的”。difficult“困难的”、important“重要的”、reasonable“合理的”均不能体现这种奇特之处。 5．句意：许多游客，包括我，穿上传统服装在那里拍了很棒的照片。 作者是叙述者，包括自己，应用me“我”。her“她”、it“它”、them“他们”均指代错误。 6．句意：后来我们参观了月牙泉，沙漠中的一个小水池。 月牙泉是一处泉水，应用pool“水池”。factory“工厂”、theatre“剧院”、camp“营地”均不符合。 7．句意：我对此感到非常好奇。 虽然身处沙漠却有水千年不干，让人感到好奇，应用curious“好奇的”。mad“疯狂的”、disappointed“失望的”、positive“积极的”均不准确。 8．句意：夜幕降临时，一场音乐会开始了。 后文提到音乐响起，大家唱歌，说明是音乐会，应用concert“音乐会”。match“比赛”、study“学习”、meeting“会议”均不符合。 9．句意：有些人打开手机的闪光灯，享受美丽的夜晚。 为了营造氛围，打开闪光灯，应用turned on“打开”。cared about“关心”、put on“穿上”、looked at“看着”均不合理。 10．句意：如果你有机会去敦煌，不要错过这个地方。 作者推荐大家去，应用miss“错过”。fail“失败”、change“改变”、choose“选择”均不符合建议的语境。 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $