Unit7 Unit8—现在完成时语法期末复习练习卷2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 人教版英语八年级下册Unit7-8现在完成时语法期末复习同步练习卷，以分层递进设计巩固核心语法，通过基础应用到语篇综合的梯度训练，提升语言运用能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|现在完成时基本用法（时间状语）、句型结构、延续性动词转换|选择题（助动词/时间状语辨析）、单词拼写（动词时态填空），强化语法规则记忆| |进阶层|情景语境应用、时态交叉运用|情景运用题（根据提示写句子），结合生活场景提升语言表达能力| |综合层|语篇中时态综合应用|两篇主题语篇填空（志愿者活动、人物故事），融合Unit7-8话题，培养语篇分析与思维逻辑|

人教版英语八年级下册unit7、unit8—现在完成时 语法期末复习练习卷 语法知识点—现在完成时： 1.现在完成时的用法： ①表示：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 常和just、already、ever、before、so far等时间状语连用 现在完成时的谓语构成：助动词have/has+过去分词 例：选词填空：请用never、ever、already、just或yet填空 I have 1 read this Chinese classic Journey to the West twice. I like Sun Wukong best. But I have 2 read the foreign novel Around the World in Eighty Days 3 . My friend Jim has 4 read it. He is now recommending it to me. It is about adventures in different countries. He says it’s a good book. 【答案】1．already/ever 2．never 3．yet 4．just/already/ever 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者对《西游记》和《八十天环游地球》两本书的阅读情况，以及朋友Jim向自己推荐《八十天环游地球》的经历。 1．句意：我已经/曾经读过这本中国经典《西游记》两遍了。根据I have ... read this Chinese classic Journey to the West twice及备选词可知，此处表示“已经”或“曾经”完成的动作，already“已经”强调动作已完成，ever“曾经”强调在过去某个时间点的经历，二者均符合语境。故填already/ever。 2．句意：但我还从未读过外国小说《八十天环游地球》。根据But I have ... read the foreign novel Around the World in Eighty Days及后文语境可知，此处表示“从未”读过这本书，never“从未”符合语境。故填never。 3．句意：但我还从未读过外国小说《八十天环游地球》。根据否定句结构及备选词可知，yet“还，仍”常用于现在完成时的否定句或疑问句末尾，强调“到目前为止还没有”，符合语境。故填yet。 4．句意：我的朋友吉姆刚/已经/曾经读过它了。根据My friend Jim has ... read it. He is now recommending it to me及备选词可知，just“刚刚”强调动作刚完成，already“已经”强调动作已完成，ever“曾经”强调过去有过经历，三者均能体现吉姆读过这本书并向我推荐的语境。故填just/already/ever。 ②表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，如“for+时间段”“since+时间点”,时间点可以是具体的时间、一般过去时的句子，也可以是“一段时间+ ago” 。 eg：My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.=My uncle has worked at this factory since five years ago. 我的叔叔已经在这个工厂工作5年了。 （对for与since引导的时间状语提问，要用how long He has been in the team for two years. 他在这个团队里已经两年了。 →How long has he been in the team? 他在这个团队里多久了?） 例1：选择题： Mr Wu ________ in a primary school as a volunteer since two years ago. A．has taught B．teaches C．taught D．teach 【答案】A 【详解】句意：吴先生自两年前起就作为志愿者在一所小学任教。 考查现在完成时。has taught已经教，现在完成时；teaches教，一般现在时；taught教，一般过去时；teach教，动词原形。根据时间状语since two years ago，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时have/has+done。故选A。 例2：选择题： —________ have you been in this school? —For five years. A．How often B．How long C．How soon D．When 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在这所学校多久了？——五年了。 How often多久一次；How long多久；How soon多久以后；When什么时候。根据答句For five years.可知，问句强调询问持续的时间长度，应填How long。 2.现在完成时的句型结构： （肯定句）主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 （否定句）主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 （一般疑问句）Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？→肯定回答：Yes，主语+have/has.→否定回答：No，主语+haven't/hasn't. （特殊疑问句）疑问词+have/has（+主语）+过去分词+其他？ 例：情景对话：根据所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子 — ?(看图写问句) —Yes, I have already read it. 【答案】Have you (ever) read the book (called) Journey to the West 【详解】根据图片（《西游记》）和答句Yes, I have already read it，可知本句应表达为“你读过《西游记》这本书吗？”。现在完成时的一般疑问句结构（Have+主语+过去分词+其他），时态是现在完成时，主语是“you”，谓语是“Have read”，the book (called) Journey to the West作宾语，“ever”是频度副词表“曾经”。故填Have you (ever) read the book (called) Journey to the West。 3.现在完成时句中谓语动词的特点： 与表示延续的时间状语连用的谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的短语 4.延续性动词与非延续性动词： ①含义：延续性动词表示能够持续的动作，强调经过、经历，可以与表示延续的时间状语连用。非延续性动词表示不能持续的动作，强调行为的结果，不能与表示延续的时间状语连用。但在否定结构中，可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 eg：I've known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历) He has finished the work.他已完成了那项工作。(表结果) I haven't bought new clothes since last year.我从去年起就没买新衣服了。(“未 购买”的状态可延续) ②用法： 常见的延续性动词有：learn,work,stand,know,walk,keep,wait,watch,read,sleep,live,stay等 延续性动词可以与表示延续的时间状语连用，如“for + 时间段”“since + 时间点”。 常见的非延续性动词有： open, die, close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如two years ago,at 5 o'clock 等。 例：选择题： —I ________ my home since ten years ago. —That’s really a long time. A．left B．have left C．have been away from D．leave 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——自从十年前我就离开家了。——那真是很长一段时间了。 考查现在完成时与延续性动词的用法。left离开，过去式；have left已经离开，现在完成时；have been away from已经离开，持续状态；leave离开，原形。根据时间状语since ten years ago可知，动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，且动词需具有延续性。leave为非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用，而be away from表示离开的持续状态，可与since…搭配。故选C。 ③：非延续性动词(短语)与延续性动词或表示状态的动词短语之间的转换 a.非延续性动词(短语)转换为相应的延续性动词(短语) become— be borrow—keep buy—have put on—wear get to know—know catch a cold—have a cold 例：选择题： Mr. Wang ______ a teacher in this school since he came to the city in 2010. A.has become B. became C. has been D. becomes 【答案】 C 【详解】句意：王老师自从2010年来到这个城市以来，一直是这所学校的一名老师。题干中的时间状语”since he came to the city in 2010“表示“自从他2010年来到这个城市以来”，主句谓语动词需用现在完成时，且动词必须是延续性的，表示状态持续至今。 选项 A “has become”中的 become 属于非延续性动词（短语 → be），意思是“成为”，动作在一瞬间完成，不能与表示一段时间的“since...”连用。 选项B“became”是一般过去时，无法体现“从2010年到现在”这一持续状态。 选项C“has been”中的be是become对应的延续性动词（become — be），表示“是”这一状态，可以与since连用，表示从2010年以来一直是老师。 选项D“becomes”是一般现在时，不能与since表示的时间段连用。 b.非延续性动词(短语)转换为“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等” begin/start—be on go out—be out die—be dead open—be open finish—be over fall ill—be ill get up—be up leave—be away(from) fall asleep—be asleep join—be in/be a member of make friends—be friends come/go—be+相应的介词短语 例：选择题： — When did you ______ last night? — Around 11 o'clock. By 7 o'clock this morning, I ______ for eight hours. A. fall asleep；have been asleep B. fall asleep；had been asleep C. fall asleep；was asleep D. fall asleep；have fallen asleep 【答案】 B 【详解】句意：——你昨晚什么时候睡着的？ ——11点左右。到今早7点的时候，我已经睡着了八个小时。 第一个空中，问的是“入睡”这个瞬间动作发生的时间点，用fall asleep（非延续性动词短语），符合一般过去时的语境。 第二个空中，时间状语“by 7 o’clock this morning”表示“到今早7点为止”，动作发生在“过去的过去”，需要用过去完成时。同时，“for eight hours”表示持续八个小时，必须用延续性表达，因此要将fall asleep转换为be asleep（fall asleep→be asleep），即had been asleep。 选项A：时态错误，现在完成时不能与“by 7 o’clock this morning”搭配。 选项B：正确，第一个空用fall asleep（瞬间动作），第二个空用had been asleep（状态延续，过去完成时）。 选项C：was asleep是一般过去时，不能与for eight hours表示持续到过去某个时间点连用。 选项D：have fallen asleep是非延续性的，不能与 for eight hours 连用。 练 习 一、选择题： 1.—How long has your aunt lived in this city? —She ________ here for five years. A．lives B．has lived C．lived D．is living 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你阿姨在这个城市住了多长时间了？——她在这里住了五年了。 考查现在完成时。根据问句中的How long has your aunt lived in this city?和答语中的for five years可知，此处强调居住动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故选B。 2.When I ________ home yesterday, my mother ________ dinner in the kitchen. A．was getting; cooked B．got; was cooking C．get; cooks D．have got; is cooking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天我到家时，妈妈正在厨房做晚饭。 句中时间状语yesterday表示过去时间，when引导的时间状语从句中，“到家”是短暂性动作，用一般过去时，get的过去式是got；主句表示在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为was/were+动词ing，mother是单数，故用was cooking。 3.Jim has learned a lot about Chinese culture ________ he began to study in our school. A．after B．when C．until D．since 【答案】D 【详解】句意：吉姆自从开始在我们学校学习，就了解了很多中国文化。 考查连词辨析。after在……之后；when当……时候；until直到……为止；since自从。Jim has learned a lot about Chinese culture用的是现在完成时，he began to study in our school是一般过去时，结合语境可知，此处表达的是“自从开始在我们学校学习就了解了很多中国文化”，since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，符合此结构。故选D。 4.—How long _________ the organization _________ free medical services to rural areas? —For five years. It has helped thousands of people. A．has; provided B．do; provide C．will; provide D．did; provide 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个组织为农村地区提供免费医疗服务多久了？——五年了。它已经帮助了成千上万的人。 考查动词时态。how long用于询问动作持续的时间，答句For five years和It has helped提示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时。主语the organization是单数，助动词用has；provide的过去分词是provided。因此此处填has; provided。故选A。 5.Tintin appeared in China in ________ and ________ popular for over 30 years. A．the 1980s; has been B．the 1980; was C．the 1980s; was D．the 1980s; has become 【答案】A 【详解】句意：《丁丁历险记》在20世纪80年代出现在中国，并且已经流行了超过30年。 第一空表示在20世纪80年代，固定表达为in the 1980s；第二空根据时间状语for over 30 years可知，句子使用现在完成时，表示状态从过去持续到现在，因此用has been表达。 6.—Have you chosen a book for your book report ________? —Yes, I’ve already chosen one. A．yet B．just C．already D．ever 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你已经为读书报告选好书了吗？——是的，我已经选了一本。 yet还，已经；just刚刚；already已经；ever曾经。根据Have you chosen...?可知是现在完成时的一般疑问句，且空处在句末，yet常用于否定句或疑问句句末，already和just通常用于肯定句句中，应填yet。 7.She has been a volunteer at a nursing home ________ last August. A．for B．since C．in D．from 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从去年八月起，她就在一家养老院做志愿者。 for长达；since自从；in在……里；from从，通常与 to 搭配使用。根据has been可知，句子是现在完成时，last August是过去的时间点，表示动作开始的起点，应填since。 8.Taikonauts on the Chinese Space Station ________ some plants already, and it helps us learn about living in space. A．grew B．were growing C．have grown D．will grow 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国空间站的航天员已经种植了一些植物，这有助于我们了解太空生活。 考查时态。根据already可知，句子时态是现在完成时，其结构是have/has done，主语Taikonauts是复数，所以助动词用have，故选C。 9.—How long ________ you ________ in this school? —For three years. A．have; studied B．did; study C．do; study D．are; studying 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在这所学校学习了多长时间？——三年。 根据答句For three years.可知，问句是询问到现在为止已经学习了多长时间，是现在完成时的标志，所以问句的时态应该用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语是you，所以用have，study的过去分词是studied。因此，第一空填have，第二空填studied。 10.I ________ this book for a week. I have to return it to the library tomorrow. A．have borrowed B．borrowed C．have kept D．kept 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我已经借这本书一周了。我明天必须把它还给图书馆。 句中时间状语for a week表示动作持续一段时间，句子需用现在完成时，排除B、D选项；borrow是短暂性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，需转换为对应的延续性动词keep，因此用have kept。 11.Scientists ________ that this kind of plant can grow well in dry areas. They did many experiments (实验) for two years. A．prove B．have proved C．will prove D．proved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：科学家们已经证明这种植物能在干旱地区生长良好。他们为此做了两年的实验。 根据They did many experiments for two years（他们为此做了两年的实验）可知，实验已完成并得出了结论，强调对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，应填have proved。 12.The number of people who volunteer to help others ________ a lot since this term began. A．increase B．increases C．increased D．has increased 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从这学期开始以来，自愿帮助他人的人数增加了许多。 根据时间状语since this term began可知，句子应用现在完成时；主语“The number of...”意为“......的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式。 13.The old man ________ since two years ago. His family miss him very much. A．has died B．died C．has been dead D．is dead 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位老人自从两年前就已经去世了。他的家人非常想念他。 根据since two years ago可知，句子应用现在完成时，且谓语动词需具有延续性。die是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需转化为be dead表示状态，应填has been dead。 14.— Look! It's snowing heavily outside. — I know. I've already ________ my thick coat. I will ________ it the whole morning. A. put on；wear B. wear；put on C. put on；put on D. wear；wear 【答案】 A 【详解】句意：—看！外面下大雪了。 ——我知道。我已经穿上了我的厚外套。我整个上午都会穿着它。 第一个空中，“已经穿上了厚外套”表示穿上这个瞬间动作已经完成，用 put on（非延续性动词短语），符合现在完成时的语境。 第二个空中，“the whole morning”（整个上午）表示一段时间，谓语动词需要用延续性表达。wear 是put on对应的延续性动词（转换规则：put on → wear），表示“穿着”的状态，可以与the whole morning连用，正确。 选项B：第一个空用 wear（穿着）表示状态，不符合“穿上”这个瞬间动作的语义。 选项C：第二个空用 put on（穿上）是瞬间动作，不能与the whole morning连用。 选项D：两个空都用 wear，第一个空不符合语境。 15.My uncle ______ to Shanghai last month. He ______ there for two weeks. A. went；has been B. has been；went C. went；was D. has gone；has been 【答案】 C 【详解】句意：我叔叔上个月去了上海。他在那里待了两周。 第一个空中，时间状语 last month（上个月）表示过去的具体时间点，用一般过去时。“去上海”是瞬间动作，用 went（go 的过去式）。 第二个空中，“for two weeks”（两周）表示一段时间，谓语动词需要用延续性表达。was是be的过去式，表示“在”的状态，可以与for two weeks连用（转换规则：go → be + 介词短语，即 go to Shanghai → be in Shanghai）。 选项A：第二个空中has been是现在完成时，与last month的时间逻辑不一致（叔叔已经回来了，但强调状态时用过去时更自然）；且went和has been时态混用不协调。 选项B：第一个空中has been表示“去过已回”，但last month是过去时间点，不能用现在完成时。 选项D：has gone表示“去了还没回来”，与后文“在那里待了两周”（暗示已回）矛盾。 16.—Aunt Lily ________ Uncle Tom when they left school. Really, Mom? —Yes. Love is a wonderful thing that brings two people together. They ________ each other since then. A．married; have been married to B．married to; have married C．married; have been married D．married with; have got married to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——莉莉阿姨当他们离开学校时就嫁给了汤姆叔叔。真的吗，妈妈？——是的。爱是一件美妙的事情，把两个人联系在一起。从那以后他们一直与彼此保持着婚姻关系。 第一空，根据时间状语when they left school可知，句子用一般过去时，marry是及物动词，后直接接宾语，marry sb.意为“与某人结婚”，应用过去式married；第二空，根据since then可知，句子用现在完成时，且表示持续的状态，marry是瞬间动词，需转化为延续性状态be married to sb.，应填have been married to。 17.—How long ________ his grandpa ________? —________ two years ago. A．has; died; Since B．has; been dead; For C．did; die; For D．has; been dead; Since 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——他的爷爷去世多长时间了？——自从两年以前。 for后跟时间段，since后跟时间点。two years ago为时间点，故用since，排除B、C；die为短暂性动词，不能与表示时间段的状语连用，需变为be dead。 18.________ beautiful song! Could you tell me the singer’s name? A．What a B．How C．What 【答案】A 【详解】句意：多么优美的一首歌啊！你能告诉我歌手的名字吗？ 考查感叹句结构。根据句子结构，中心词是单数可数名词song，且beautiful是形容词，修饰名词，符合“What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词”的感叹句结构。故选A。 19．—Look at these pictures. I _______ them for three years. —Wow, they’re wonderful. A．bought B．have bought C．kept D．have kept 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看这些照片。我保存它们已经三年了。——哇，它们真棒。 考查现在完成时与延续性动词。根据时间状语for three years可知，动作需持续三年，需用现在完成时且动词需为延续性动词。buy是短暂性动词，不能与“for + 时间段”连用，而keep是延续性动词，其过去分词为kept，符合语境。故选D。 20．He ________ the army for five years. A．has joined B．has been in C．joined D．was in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他参军已经五年了。 joined参加，短暂性动词；be in在，表状态，延续性动词。for five years表示一段时间，因此本句时态应用现在完成时，且需与延续性动词连用。 二、单词拼写题： 21.I’ve been a volunteer there since last ________ (year). 【答案】year 【详解】句意：从去年起，我就在那里当志愿者了。year意为“年”，是可数名词。last year为固定短语，表示“去年”，用名词单数原形。故填year。 22．Jack ________ (dream) of becoming a great magician since he graduated from high school. 【答案】has dreamed/has dreamt 【详解】句意：杰克自从高中毕业后就梦想成为一名伟大的魔术师。根据时间状语since he graduated from high school可知，主句应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。主语Jack是第三人称单数，助动词用has，dream的过去分词是dreamed或dreamt。故填has dreamed/has dreamt。 23．Look! Our English teacher is ________ (hand) out the test papers in the classroom. 【答案】handing 【详解】句意：看！我们的英语老师正在教室里分发试卷。根据Look!可知句子时态应该用现在进行时，故填handing。 24.Last month, I ________ (start) a new project to teach kids art. I ________ (do) this work for three weeks. 【答案】started have done 【详解】句意：上个月，我开始了一个教孩子们艺术的新项目。我做了三周的这项工作。根据Last month可知，第一空的句子时态为一般过去时，start作为谓语动词要用过去式started；根据for three weeks可知，第二空的句子时态为现在完成时，do作为谓语动词应用完成形式have done，主语I之后的完成式用have。故填started；have done。 25.How many poor families ________ (assist) by the charity organization so far? 【答案】have been assisted 【详解】句意：到目前为止，这个慈善组织已经援助了多少贫困家庭？根据so far可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”；主语poor families与动词assist之间是被动关系，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been done”；主语是复数，助动词用have，assist的过去分词为assisted。故填have been assisted。 26.Since two years ago, our school _________ (have) an interesting reading club. 【答案】has had 【详解】句意：两年前以来，我们学校就有一个有趣的阅读俱乐部。时间状语Since two years ago（自从两年前）是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时的结构为“have/has + 动词过去分词”，主语是our school，助动词用has，have的过去分词是had。 27.They ________ (marry) since 2010. → They ________ ________ married since 2010. 【答案】have been married have been 【详解】句意：他们自2010年起就结婚了。句中时间状语“since 2010”表示从过去持续到现在的时间段，需用现在完成时；marry是短暂性动词，不能与since连用，要转换为延续性状态be married；主语是They，助动词用have，be的过去分词为been。故填have been married；have；been。 28.He ________ (buy) this bike two years ago. → He ________ ________ this bike for two years. 【答案】bought has had 【详解】句意：他两年前买了这辆自行车。→ 他已经买了这辆自行车两年了。句中two years ago为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。buy的过去式为不规则变化，为bought，故①填bought。第二句中for two years为表示一段时间的状语，提示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）。主语为He，助动词用has，故②填has。buy是短暂性动词，不能与“for+ 一段时间”连用，需转换为延续性动词have，其过去分词为had，故③填had。 29.He _________ (prepare) for the volunteer training lecture for five days before he gave it to the new participants. 【答案】had prepared 【详解】句意：在给新参与者做志愿培训讲座之前，他已经准备了五天。for five days表示动作持续的时间，“before he gave it…”是过去的动作，说明“准备”这个动作发生在gave之前并持续了五天，因此要用过去完成时，结构为“had + 过去分词”。prepare的过去分词是prepared。故填had prepared。 30.She ________ (work) as a social worker for six years before she founded the volunteer association. 【答案】had worked 【详解】句意：在创办志愿者协会之前，她已经做了六年的社会工作者。before引导的时间状语从句中founded是一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句动作之前且持续了一段时间，需用过去完成时，结构为“had+过去分词”。故填had worked。 三、情景运用题： 31.—__________ is the Great Wall? —It’s said that it’s 211, 96. 18 kilometers. 【答案】How long 【详解】句意：——长城有多长？——据说是21196.18公里。根据答语可知，是问长城有多长，应用how long提问。故填How long。 32.你想表达你必须在周五前把书还给图书馆，怎么说？ _______________________________________________________ 【答案】I have to return the book to the library before Friday. 【详解】句子表达的是“必须在周五前把书还给图书馆”这一义务。句子用have to表示“必须、不得不”，后接动词原形return；return the book to the library是固定搭配，意为“把书还给图书馆”；before Friday作时间状语。故填I have to return the book to the library before Friday. 33.你想表达你已经读了这本漫画书两个小时，怎么说？ _______________________________________________________ 【答案】I have been reading this comic book for two hours. 【详解】根据汉语提示，我已经读这本漫画书两小时，主语为I；现在完成进行时结构为“have been+现在分词”，read的现在分词为reading，更强调动作的持续性；“这本漫画书”为this comic book；“两个小时”为for two hours，作时间状语，用于完成时中表示动作持续的时长。 34.你想建议朋友遇到困难时不要轻易放弃，怎么说？ _______________________________________________________ 【答案】Don’t give up easily when you face difficulties. 【详解】根据情景“建议朋友遇到困难时不要轻易放弃”可知，本句应为一个含有时间状语从句的祈使句。when引导时间状语从句，“遇到困难”常用短语face difficulties，故填Don’t give up easily when you face difficulties.。 35.你想表达你长大后想成为一名发明家，怎么说？ _______________________________________________________ 【答案】I want to be an inventor when I grow up. 【详解】可表达为“我长大后想成为一名发明家”，句子时态为一般现在时。主句主语为I，“想成为””译为want to be；“一名发明家”译为an inventor；时间状语从句“当我长大后”译为when I grow up。 36．Alice, often _______________________________________________________ 37．would like     _______________________________________________________ 38． at 8:00, last night _______________________________________________________ 39．many times    _______________________________________________________ 40．so, that _______________________________________________________ 【答案】36．Alice often makes the bed. 37．We would like to clean up the park. 38．I was swimming at 8:00 last night. 39．I have been to the Great Wall many times. 40．The math problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. 【解析】36．根据所给单词和图片可知，此处表达为“爱丽丝经常整理床铺。”句子是一般现在时。Alice作主语；often作状语，位于主语后；make the bed作谓语，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填Alice often makes the bed. 37．根据所给单词和图片可知，此处表达为“我们想打扫公园。”句子是一般现在时。we作主语；would like to作谓语；clean up the park作宾语。故填We would like to clean up the park. 38．根据所给单词和图片可知，此处表达为“昨晚八点我在游泳。”句子是过去进行时。I作主语，be动词用was；was swimming作谓语；at 8:00 last night作状语。故填I was swimming at 8:00 last night. 39．根据所给单词和图片可知，此处表达为“我去过长城很多次了。”句子是现在完成时。I作主语；have been to作谓语；the Great Wall作宾语；many times作状语。故填I have been to the Great Wall many times. 40．根据所给单词和图片可知，此处表达为“这道数学题太难了，我解不出来。”句子是一般现在时。分析句意可知此处是so...that引导的结果状语从句。the math problem作主句主语；is作谓语；difficult作表语；I作从句主语；can’t work out作谓语；it作宾语，位于动词短语之间。故填The math problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. 四、语法选择题： 第一篇： My sister loves reading classic literary works and joining volunteer activities, which are the core topics of our Units 7 and 8. Last weekend, she read a classic Chinese novel and told me that it 41 one of the most famous works in Chinese literature. She said the novel 42 her a lot and taught her valuable life lessons. On Sunday, she took part in a volunteer activity to help the elderly. She told me that the volunteers 43 warm clothes and food to the old people in the community. Some volunteers 44 stories for the elderly, and others helped them clean their houses. My sister said she 45 very happy to help others. While we 46 about her experience of reading and volunteering, my mother came and joined us. She said she 47 many classic works when she was young and also did volunteer work. She advised us 48 more classic books and take part in more volunteer activities. I think doing these things 49 us become better people. I hope we 50 more chances to enjoy classic literature and help others. 41．A．is B．are C．was 42．A．moves B．moved C．will move 43．A．bring B．brought C．will bring 44．A．read B．reads C．reading 45．A．feel B．felt C．will feel 46．A．talk B．talked C．were talking 47．A．read B．has read C．had read 48．A．to read B．read C．reading 49．A．help B．helps C．helped 50．A．will have B．have C．had 【答案】 41．A 42．B 43．B 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．A 【导语】本文讲述了“我”的姐姐的相关经历。上周末，姐姐阅读了一本中国古典小说并从中获得人生启示，周日又参与了帮助老人的志愿活动，感受到助人的快乐；之后“我”和姐姐谈论这些经历时，妈妈加入其中，分享了自己年轻时读经典、做志愿的经历，并建议“我们”多接触经典书籍、参与志愿活动；最后“我”表达了对拥有更多机会欣赏经典文学、帮助他人的期待，传递出读经典和做志愿能让人变得更好的理念。 41．句意：上周末，她读了一本中国古典小说，还告诉我那是中国文学中最著名的作品之一。 空处描述的是“这本古典小说”的客观属性——属于中国最著名的文学作品，客观事实用一般现在时；主语it是第三人称单数，对应be动词is。was是一般过去时，用于描述过去的状态，不符；are用于复数主语，排除。 42．句意：她说这本小说让她深受触动，并教会了她宝贵的人生道理。 空处动作发生在“她读小说、告诉我的时候”，属于过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时；moves是一般现在时（主语单数），will move是一般将来时，均不符。 43．句意：她告诉我，志愿者们给社区里的老人带去了温暖的衣服和食物。 空处描述的是上周日（last weekend/Sunday）志愿活动中发生的动作，属于过去的动作，需用一般过去时；bring是动词原形（一般现在时），will bring是一般将来时，均不符。 44．句意：一些志愿者给老人读故事，另一些则帮他们打扫房子。 此处与前一句brought并列，均描述上周日志愿活动的动作，时态一致，需用一般过去时；read的过去式与原形同形，reads是一般现在时（主语单数），reading是现在分词（不能单独作谓语），均不符。 45．句意：我姐姐说，帮助别人让她感到非常开心。 空处“感到开心”是姐姐在参与志愿活动后产生的感受，发生在过去（姐姐告诉“我”的时候），需用一般过去时；feel是动词原形，will feel是一般将来时，均不符。 46．句意：当我们正在谈论她读书和做志愿的经历时，妈妈走过来加入了我们。 while引导的时间状语从句，强调“主句动作发生时，从句动作正在进行”；主句my mother came是一般过去时，从句需用过去进行时（was/were+doing）；主语we是复数，故填were talking。talk是动词原形，talked是一般过去时（表示动作已完成）。 47．句意：她说她年轻时读过很多经典作品，也做过志愿工作。 空处“读经典作品”发生在“她年轻时”，且早于“她说这句话”（过去的过去），需用过去完成时（had+过去分词）；read是动词原形/过去式，has read是现在完成时（用于现在与过去的联系），均不符。 48．句意：她建议我们多读经典书籍，多参加志愿活动。 固定搭配“advise sb. to do sth.”（建议某人做某事），此处需用动词不定式；read是动词原形，reading是动名词/现在分词，均不符。 49．句意：我认为做这些事情（读经典、做志愿）能帮助我们成为更好的人。 空处描述的是“做这些事情”的客观作用，属于客观事实，用一般现在时；主语doing these things是动名词短语，视为单数，故填helps。help是动词原形，helped是一般过去时，均不符。 50．句意：我希望我们能有更多机会欣赏经典文学、帮助别人。 hope（希望）后接宾语从句时，从句常用一般将来时，表示“未来的愿望”；have是一般现在时，had是一般过去时，均不符。 第二篇： Recently, Mr. Lang inspired （激励） students in Oxford with his life story, before playing a short piano piece for the audience. The event was held at the Oxford Union Debating Chamber, attracted 51 students. He was listed by Time Magazine as one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World. And he 52 to play at the Nobel Prize Concert in Stockholm, where US President Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. For pianist Mr. Lang, Tom and Jerry is his favorite cartoon. When he was two years old, he saw Tom 53 the piano. This was his first time 54 western music and this experience encouraged him to learn to play the piano. His talent at the keyboard has taken him from Shenyang to the world. Mr. Lang became a good piano student 55 three. Ever since, the boy 56 better and better. In 1997, the 15-year-old boy 57 at a famous American music college. Mr. Lang’s performances （演奏） are energetic. He is well-known for making facial expressions and moving around while playing the piano. The road to success has 58 been easy. Mr. Lang’s father stopped his job to look after him, while his mother stayed in Shenyang to make money. But Mr. Lang considers 59 lucky and believes he should give something back. He 60 the children in poor areas a lot. 51．A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．hundreds D．several hundreds 52．A．was invited B．invited C．was inviting D．has invited 53．A．plays B．played C．playing D．was playing 54．A．enjoys B．enjoyed C．to enjoy D．enjoying 55．A．on B．in C．of D．at 56．A．is doing B．was doing C．did D．has been doing 57．A．studied B．studies C．was studied D．has studied 58．A．ever B．always C．often D．never 59．A．himself B．him C．his D．he 60．A．has helped B．was helped C．helped D．helps 【答案】 51．B 52．A 53．C 54．C 55．D 56．D 57．A 58．D 59．A 60．A 【导语】本文讲了钢琴家郎朗的故事。他的钢琴启蒙及学琴路上父母对他的支持。 51．句意：这场活动在牛津大学辩论厅举行，吸引了数百名学生。 hundred of结构错误；hundreds of数百；hundreds百；several hundreds结构错误。空前没有具体数词，所以此处用hundreds of表示概数。故选B。 52．句意：他还被邀请在斯德哥尔摩举行的诺贝尔奖音乐会上演奏，美国总统奥巴马在那里被授予诺贝尔和平奖。 was invited被邀请，被动语态；invited邀请，一般过去时；was inviting正在邀请，进去进行时；has invited已经邀请，现在完成时。主语he是动作invite的承受者，表示被邀请，只能用被动语态。故选A。 53．句意：当他两岁的时候，他看到汤姆正在弹钢琴。 plays弹拨，动词三单形式；played弹拨，过去式；playing 弹拨，现在分词/动名词；was playing正在弹，现在进行时结构。根据固定结构see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”可知，此处用现在进行时作宾语补足语。故选C。 54．句意：这是他第一次欣赏西方音乐，这段经历鼓励他学习弹钢琴。 enjoys欣赏，动词三单形式；enjoyed欣赏，过去式；to enjoy 欣赏，不定式；enjoying欣赏，现在分词/动名词。根据his first time...可知，这是他第一次欣赏西方的音乐，用不定式作后置定语。故选C。 55．句意：朗先生三岁时就成为一名优秀的钢琴学生。 on在（具体的某一天）； in在（年，月，季节等）； of ……的；at在（年龄，几点钟等）。根据three（三岁）可知，此处表示“三岁时”，所以用介词at。故选D。 56．句意：自从那时起，他做得越来越好。 is doing正在做，现在进行时；was doing正在做，进去进行时； did做，一般过去时；has been doing现在为止一直进行，现在完成进行时。根据上文Ever since（自从那时起）及语境可知，此处强调动作从三岁开始，一直持续到现在，应用现在完成进行时，故选D。 57．句意：1997年，这个15岁的男孩在美国一所著名的音乐学院学习。 studied学习，一般过去时；studies学习，一般现在时；was studied被学习，被动语态；has studied已经学习，现在完成时。根据In 1997（在1997年）可知，用一般过去时studied。故选A。 58．句意：通往成功的道路从来都不是一帆风顺的。 ever曾经；always总是；often经常；never从不。根据Mr. Lang’s father stopped his job to look after him, while his mother stayed in Shenyang to make money.和常识可知，成功从来都是不容易的。故选D。 59．句意：但朗郎认为自己很幸运，他认为自己应该有所回报。 himself 他自己；him他；his他的；he他。根据But Mr. Lang considers（但是郎朗认为……）可知，他认为他自己是幸运的。故选A。 60．句意：他已经帮助贫穷地区的孩子许多。 has helped已经帮助，现在完成时；was helped被帮助，被动语态；helped帮助，一般过去时； helps帮助，一般现在时。根据the children in poor areas a lot可知，此处强调对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，故选A。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版英语八年级下册unit7、unit8—现在完成时 语法期末复习练习卷 语法知识点—现在完成时： 1.现在完成时的用法： ①表示：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 常和just、already、ever、before、so far等时间状语连用 现在完成时的谓语构成：助动词have/has+过去分词 例：选词填空：请用never、ever、already、just或yet填空 I have 1 read this Chinese classic Journey to the West twice. I like Sun Wukong best. But I have 2 read the foreign novel Around the World in Eighty Days 3 . My friend Jim has 4 read it. He is now recommending it to me. It is about adventures in different countries. He says it’s a good book. ②表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用，如“for+时间段”“since+时间点”,时间点可以是具体的时间、一般过去时的句子，也可以是“一段时间+ ago” 。 eg：My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.=My uncle has worked at this factory since five years ago. 我的叔叔已经在这个工厂工作5年了。 （对for与since引导的时间状语提问，要用how long He has been in the team for two years. 他在这个团队里已经两年了。 →How long has he been in the team? 他在这个团队里多久了?） 例1：选择题： Mr Wu ________ in a primary school as a volunteer since two years ago. A．has taught B．teaches C．taught D．teach 例2：选择题： —________ have you been in this school? —For five years. A．How often B．How long C．How soon D．When 2.现在完成时的句型结构： （肯定句）主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 （否定句）主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 （一般疑问句）Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？→肯定回答：Yes，主语+have/has.→否定回答：No，主语+haven't/hasn't. （特殊疑问句）疑问词+have/has（+主语）+过去分词+其他？ 例：情景对话：根据所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子 — ?(看图写问句) —Yes, I have already read it. 3.现在完成时句中谓语动词的特点： 与表示延续的时间状语连用的谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的短语 4.延续性动词与非延续性动词： ①含义：延续性动词表示能够持续的动作，强调经过、经历，可以与表示延续的时间状语连用。非延续性动词表示不能持续的动作，强调行为的结果，不能与表示延续的时间状语连用。但在否定结构中，可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 eg：I've known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历) He has finished the work.他已完成了那项工作。(表结果) I haven't bought new clothes since last year.我从去年起就没买新衣服了。(“未 购买”的状态可延续) ②用法： 常见的延续性动词有：learn,work,stand,know,walk,keep,wait,watch,read,sleep,live,stay等 延续性动词可以与表示延续的时间状语连用，如“for + 时间段”“since + 时间点”。 常见的非延续性动词有： open, die, close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如two years ago,at 5 o'clock 等。 例：选择题： —I ________ my home since ten years ago. —That’s really a long time. A．left B．have left C．have been away from D．leave ③：非延续性动词(短语)与延续性动词或表示状态的动词短语之间的转换 a.非延续性动词(短语)转换为相应的延续性动词(短语) become— be borrow—keep buy—have put on—wear get to know—know catch a cold—have a cold 例：选择题： Mr. Wang ______ a teacher in this school since he came to the city in 2010. A.has become B. became C. has been D. becomes b.非延续性动词(短语)转换为“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等” begin/start—be on go out—be out die—be dead open—be open finish—be over fall ill—be ill get up—be up leave—be away(from) fall asleep—be asleep join—be in/be a member of make friends—be friends come/go—be+相应的介词短语 例：选择题： — When did you ______ last night? — Around 11 o'clock. By 7 o'clock this morning, I ______ for eight hours. A. fall asleep；have been asleep B. fall asleep；had been asleep C. fall asleep；was asleep D. fall asleep；have fallen asleep 练 习 一、选择题： 1.—How long has your aunt lived in this city? —She ________ here for five years. A．lives B．has lived C．lived D．is living 2.When I ________ home yesterday, my mother ________ dinner in the kitchen. A．was getting; cooked B．got; was cooking C．get; cooks D．have got; is cooking 3.Jim has learned a lot about Chinese culture ________ he began to study in our school. A．after B．when C．until D．since 4.—How long _________ the organization _________ free medical services to rural areas? —For five years. It has helped thousands of people. A．has; provided B．do; provide C．will; provide D．did; provide 5.Tintin appeared in China in ________ and ________ popular for over 30 years. A．the 1980s; has been B．the 1980; was C．the 1980s; was D．the 1980s; has become 6.—Have you chosen a book for your book report ________? —Yes, I’ve already chosen one. A．yet B．just C．already D．ever 7.She has been a volunteer at a nursing home ________ last August. A．for B．since C．in D．from 8.Taikonauts on the Chinese Space Station ________ some plants already, and it helps us learn about living in space. A．grew B．were growing C．have grown D．will grow 9.—How long ________ you ________ in this school? —For three years. A．have; studied B．did; study C．do; study D．are; studying 10.I ________ this book for a week. I have to return it to the library tomorrow. A．have borrowed B．borrowed C．have kept D．kept 11.Scientists ________ that this kind of plant can grow well in dry areas. They did many experiments (实验) for two years. A．prove B．have proved C．will prove D．proved 12.The number of people who volunteer to help others ________ a lot since this term began. A．increase B．increases C．increased D．has increased 13.The old man ________ since two years ago. His family miss him very much. A．has died B．died C．has been dead D．is dead 14.— Look! It's snowing heavily outside. — I know. I've already ________ my thick coat. I will ________ it the whole morning. A. put on；wear B. wear；put on C. put on；put on D. wear；wear 15.My uncle ______ to Shanghai last month. He ______ there for two weeks. A. went；has been B. has been；went C. went；was D. has gone；has been 16.—Aunt Lily ________ Uncle Tom when they left school. Really, Mom? —Yes. Love is a wonderful thing that brings two people together. They ________ each other since then. A．married; have been married to B．married to; have married C．married; have been married D．married with; have got married to 17.—How long ________ his grandpa ________? —________ two years ago. A．has; died; Since B．has; been dead; For C．did; die; For D．has; been dead; Since 18.________ beautiful song! Could you tell me the singer’s name? A．What a B．How C．What 19．—Look at these pictures. I _______ them for three years. —Wow, they’re wonderful. A．bought B．have bought C．kept D．have kept 20．He ________ the army for five years. A．has joined B．has been in C．joined D．was in 二、单词拼写题： 21.I’ve been a volunteer there since last ________ (year). 22．Jack ________ (dream) of becoming a great magician since he graduated from high school. 23．Look! Our English teacher is ________ (hand) out the test papers in the classroom. 24.Last month, I ________ (start) a new project to teach kids art. I ________ (do) this work for three weeks. 25.How many poor families ________ (assist) by the charity organization so far? 26.Since two years ago, our school _________ (have) an interesting reading club. 27.They ________ (marry) since 2010. → They ________ ________ married since 2010. 28.He ________ (buy) this bike two years ago. → He ________ ________ this bike for two years. 29.He _________ (prepare) for the volunteer training lecture for five days before he gave it to the new participants. 30.She ________ (work) as a social worker for six years before she founded the volunteer association. 三、情景运用题： 31.—__________ is the Great Wall? —It’s said that it’s 211, 96. 18 kilometers. 32.你想表达你必须在周五前把书还给图书馆，怎么说？ _______________________________________________________ 33.你想表达你已经读了这本漫画书两个小时，怎么说？ _______________________________________________________ 34.你想建议朋友遇到困难时不要轻易放弃，怎么说？ _______________________________________________________ 35.你想表达你长大后想成为一名发明家，怎么说？ _______________________________________________________ 36．Alice, often _______________________________________________________ 37．would like     _______________________________________________________ 38． at 8:00, last night _______________________________________________________ 39．many times    _______________________________________________________ 40．so, that _______________________________________________________ 四、语法选择题： 第一篇： My sister loves reading classic literary works and joining volunteer activities, which are the core topics of our Units 7 and 8. Last weekend, she read a classic Chinese novel and told me that it 41 one of the most famous works in Chinese literature. She said the novel 42 her a lot and taught her valuable life lessons. On Sunday, she took part in a volunteer activity to help the elderly. She told me that the volunteers 43 warm clothes and food to the old people in the community. Some volunteers 44 stories for the elderly, and others helped them clean their houses. My sister said she 45 very happy to help others. While we 46 about her experience of reading and volunteering, my mother came and joined us. She said she 47 many classic works when she was young and also did volunteer work. She advised us 48 more classic books and take part in more volunteer activities. I think doing these things 49 us become better people. I hope we 50 more chances to enjoy classic literature and help others. 41．A．is B．are C．was 42．A．moves B．moved C．will move 43．A．bring B．brought C．will bring 44．A．read B．reads C．reading 45．A．feel B．felt C．will feel 46．A．talk B．talked C．were talking 47．A．read B．has read C．had read 48．A．to read B．read C．reading 49．A．help B．helps C．helped 50．A．will have B．have C．had 第二篇： Recently, Mr. Lang inspired （激励） students in Oxford with his life story, before playing a short piano piece for the audience. The event was held at the Oxford Union Debating Chamber, attracted 51 students. He was listed by Time Magazine as one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World. And he 52 to play at the Nobel Prize Concert in Stockholm, where US President Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. For pianist Mr. Lang, Tom and Jerry is his favorite cartoon. When he was two years old, he saw Tom 53 the piano. This was his first time 54 western music and this experience encouraged him to learn to play the piano. His talent at the keyboard has taken him from Shenyang to the world. Mr. Lang became a good piano student 55 three. Ever since, the boy 56 better and better. In 1997, the 15-year-old boy 57 at a famous American music college. Mr. Lang’s performances （演奏） are energetic. He is well-known for making facial expressions and moving around while playing the piano. The road to success has 58 been easy. Mr. Lang’s father stopped his job to look after him, while his mother stayed in Shenyang to make money. But Mr. Lang considers 59 lucky and believes he should give something back. He 60 the children in poor areas a lot. 51．A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．hundreds D．several hundreds 52．A．was invited B．invited C．was inviting D．has invited 53．A．plays B．played C．playing D．was playing 54．A．enjoys B．enjoyed C．to enjoy D．enjoying 55．A．on B．in C．of D．at 56．A．is doing B．was doing C．did D．has been doing 57．A．studied B．studies C．was studied D．has studied 58．A．ever B．always C．often D．never 59．A．himself B．him C．his D．he 60．A．has helped B．was helped C．helped D．helps 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $