暑假作业11 名词性从句（巩固培优）高一英语通用版

**基本信息** 以“定义-分类-连接词-特殊句型”为逻辑链，系统构建名词性从句方法体系，通过多题型训练提升语言应用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识梳理|9项核心用法|连接词分类（that/whether/wh-词）、语序规则、高频句型（It is obvious that等）|从功能定义到四大从句特性，再到连接词差异与特殊应用，形成概念→规则→应用链条| |基础应用|单选15题+语法填空35题|连接词选择（缺成分用wh-词）、It作形式主语、时态呼应|对应主语/宾语/表语/同位语从句核心考法，覆盖高考高频易错点| |综合提升|句型转换10题+完成句子20题+互译10题|从句合并技巧、语境化表达（如There is no doubt that）|从单句到语篇，衔接语法规则与书面表达，培养语言综合运用能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业11 名词性从句 一、定义 名词性从句是在句中充当名词功能的从句，可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语，包含四大类从句，是高考语法填空、改错、长难句、书面表达高频核心考点。 二、基本用法 1. 四大分类：名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，整体在句中充当名词成分。 2. 连接词分类：that无词义、不充当成分；whether/if表“是否”、不充当成分；wh-词（what/who/where等）有词义且在从句中充当主、宾、表、状语。 3. 主语从句：从句在句首作主语，谓语动词多用单数；常用It作形式主语替代后置主语从句，为高考高频句型。 4. 宾语从句：可作动词、介词、形容词宾语，时态随主句变化，陈述语序，是写作最常用名词性从句。 5. 表语从句：位于系动词后，解释说明主语内容，that不可随意省略，常用在reason、fact等名词后。 6. 同位语从句：解释说明抽象名词具体内容（fact/news/idea/truth等），从句完整不缺成分，只起补充作用。 7. that用法区别：定语从句that充当成分可替换；名词性从句that无词义、不充当成分、仅起连接作用。 8. 特殊高频句型：It is obvious/clear that…、The reason is that…、There is no doubt that…，均为高考写作加分句型。 9. 语序规则：所有名词性从句一律用陈述语序，杜绝疑问语序，是改错和语法填空核心易错点。 一、单项选择 1．________ we keep a positive attitude determines how far we can go in our life journey. A．What B．That C．Whether D．How 2．I firmly believe ________ continuous efforts will finally bring us unexpected pleasant results. A．that B．what C．whether D．if 3．The key to success is ________ we can stick to our goals and never give up easily. A．what B．that C．whether D．how 4．We have no idea ________ the new school rules will come into force next month. A．that B．what C．whether D．how 5．________ makes us confident is that we have the courage to face difficulties and mistakes. A．That B．What C．Which D．How 6．The teacher asked us ________ we had finished our reading task ahead of schedule or not. A．if B．whether C．that D．what 7．It is obvious ________ teamwork plays a vital role in our study and daily life. A．what B．how C．that D．whether 8．This is ________ we should value every chance to improve our comprehensive ability. A．why B．because C．that D．what 9．I wonder ________ he has made such great progress in English in such a short time. A．that B．what C．how D．whether 10．There is no doubt ________ reading classic books can enrich our knowledge and broaden horizons. A．whether B．if C．that D．what 11．The problem is ________ we can finish the challenging task within the limited time. A．that B．whether C．what D．how 12．We all know the truth ________ hard work is the only shortcut to success for every student. A．that B．what C．which D．why 13．________ you choose to do, you should stick to it and try your best to finish it. A．That B．What C．Whether D．How 14．I have no idea ________ he will return to school to continue his study this term. A．when B．that C．what D．how 15．His dream is ________ he can become an excellent volunteer to serve the society. A．what B．that C．whether D．how 二、单句语法填空 16. ________ we should develop good habits in daily life is very important for teenagers. 17. I truly believe ________ every effort we make will finally pay off in the future. 18. The fact ________ he has made great progress surprises all his teachers. 19. This is ________ we must attach great importance to our mental health. 20. We are wondering ________ we can take part in the coming school sports meeting. 21. ________ matters most in our study is persistence and self-discipline. 22. It is clear ________ positive attitudes can bring us more motivation and courage. 23. The question ________ we will hold the class meeting remains to be discussed. 24. I don’t know ________ he managed to solve the difficult problem in such a short time. 25. My idea is ________ we should spend more time on practical social practice. 26. There is no doubt ________ teamwork can improve our learning efficiency greatly. 27. ________ you have prepared well, you will perform better in the final examination. 28. The teacher asked me ________ I had finished reviewing all the textbook knowledge. 29. I have no idea ________ the new after-school activity will start next week. 30. ________ we learn from mistakes is the key to making constant progress. 31. ________ makes us truly happy is not wealth, but a meaningful life full of love and hope. 32. We should always remember ________ honesty and kindness are the most valuable qualities in life. 33. I firmly believe ________ we can overcome difficulties as long as we keep trying and never give up. 34. The problem is ________ many teenagers fail to realize the importance of valuing time wisely. 35. No one knows exactly ________ our world will be like in the coming twenty years. 一、句型转换 1．Hard work leads to success. Everyone believes it.（合并宾语从句） →Everyone believes ________ hard work leads to success. 2．Will he take part in the competition? We are not sure.（合并宾语从句） →We are not sure ________ he will take part in the competition. 3．Why is he late for school? It puzzles all his classmates.（改为主语从句） →________ he is late for school puzzles all his classmates. 4．He keeps working hard. This is the reason for his great progress.（改表语从句） →The reason for his progress is ________ he keeps working hard. 5．The news excites us. Our team has won the match.（合并同位语从句） →The news ________ our team has won the match excites us. 6．He will come to the party on time. I am sure of it.（合并宾语从句） →I am sure ________ he will come to the party on time. 7．When will they set off? We haven’t decided it yet.（合并宾语从句） →We haven’t decided ________ they will set off. 8．She has passed the important exam. The news makes us excited.（合并同位语从句） →The news ________ she has passed the important exam makes us excited. 9．Where did she put her dictionary? No one knows it.（合并宾语从句） →No one knows ________ she put her dictionary. 10．He can finish the task alone. It is true.（改写为主语从句） →________ he can finish the task alone is true. 二、完成句子 11．I firmly believe ________ (坚持努力终有回报) in our daily study and life. 12．The truth is ________ (自信和坚持是成功的必备品质) for every teenager. 13．There is no doubt ________ (阅读能够拓宽视野、丰富个人精神世界). 14．We still wonder ________ (我们能否在活动中收获全新的成长与进步). 15．________ (我们如何合理利用时间) determines our learning efficiency and results. 16．________ (他是否能按时完成任务) remains unknown to all the teachers in our school. 17．We all believe ________ (努力终将会得到回报) in our future life and work. 18．I have no idea ________ (他为什么突然改变了自己的主意) at the last minute. 19．________ (我们所需要做的) is to keep trying and never give up easily. 20．The problem is ________ (我们怎样才能在有限时间内提高英语水平) effectively. 三、英汉互译 21．毫无疑问，良好的心态能够帮助我们从容面对学习和生活中的困难。（同位语从句）（汉译英） 22．我坚信只要持之以恒，我们终会实现自己心中的理想与目标。（宾语从句）（汉译英） 23．我们能否突破自我取决于我们是否敢于挑战未知、超越自我。（主语从句）（汉译英） 24．他成功的原因是他始终保持自律，认真对待每一次学习机会。（表语从句）（汉译英） 25．让我们变得优秀的，从来不是天赋，而是日复一日的坚持与努力。（what主语从句）（汉译英） 26．我们应该铭记的是，感恩与善良永远是做人最珍贵的品质。（what主语从句）（汉译英） 27．我坚信只要不放弃，每个人都能实现自己的梦想。（that宾语从句）（汉译英） 28．没有人知道他为什么在关键时刻选择了坚持而不是放弃。（why宾语从句）（汉译英） 29．That we should keep a positive attitude is of great importance in our daily life.（that主语从句）（英译汉） 30．The truth is that every success comes from countless attempts and full preparations.（that表语从句）（英译汉） 短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. A For decades, nets 1 (use) to help protect beachgoers from sharks in Queensland. But that safety comes at 2 cost of marine (海洋的) life. Last year alone, that equipment caught 958 animals, including 798 sharks, 70 percent of 3 died. The government has a desire to replace its deadly measures 4 camera-equipped drones (无人机) to search for sharks, and Alexandra Headland is one of the locations for a trial program that is already showing success. The drone is capable of flying for 20 minutes in winds 5 (record) above 21 miles per hour. When pilots detect a shark, they lower the drone to just below 100 feet 6 (identify) the animal’s size and species. The task becomes much 7 (difficult) when it is raining or if the water is rough. In addition, if the pilots consider the shark a danger, they can evacuate (疏散) the beach while lifeguards track the animal. During many 8 (experiment) in 2020 and 2021, which involved 3,669 drone flights at seven beaches, drone pilots discovered 174 sharks, including 48 that were greater than 6.5 feet in length. Drones, says Leo Guida, a shark scientist with Australian Marine Conservation Society, can 9 (entire) save people by dropping life — saving equipment to someone 10 (struggle) in the water. B In Gonghe, Qinghai Province, Yehdor the herder (牧民) carries food and water while watching his sheep graze (吃草) across the summer landscape. Making the scene unique is the blue sea of solar panels overhead, as the sheep’s grazing grounds 1 (be) a photovoltaic (光伏的) industrial park. The Talatan photovoltaic industrial park covers 609 square kilometers and the flat land here enjoys rich solar energy resources, with 2 average annual sunshine duration of nearly 3,000 hours. The park’s enormous collection of solar panels not only generates electricity for distant provinces 3 acts as both a sunshade and a windbreak for the surrounding land. With average wind speeds 4 (reduce) by half, vegetation coverage in the area has grown to 80 percent. However, this vegetation growth hasn’t been 5 issues. The growing grass can 6 (dramatic) lower panel efficiency and cause fires in the dry winter months. To address this, the park invited villagers to raise their sheep under the solar panels. The sheep fertilize the area, allowing a green ecological chain 7 (form). In addition, herders can sell some of their sheep, 8 (secure) great financial benefits. Last year, 600 sheep 9 (task) with protecting the solar panels in the park. The photovoltaic industrial park has set an example of 10 industrial development, traditional practices, and environmental protection work hand in hand. The area is able to produce more power while improving the environment and maintaining the locals’ traditional way of life. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业11 名词性从句 一、定义 名词性从句是在句中充当名词功能的从句，可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语，包含四大类从句，是高考语法填空、改错、长难句、书面表达高频核心考点。 二、基本用法 1. 四大分类：名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，整体在句中充当名词成分。 2. 连接词分类：that无词义、不充当成分；whether/if表“是否”、不充当成分；wh-词（what/who/where等）有词义且在从句中充当主、宾、表、状语。 3. 主语从句：从句在句首作主语，谓语动词多用单数；常用It作形式主语替代后置主语从句，为高考高频句型。 4. 宾语从句：可作动词、介词、形容词宾语，时态随主句变化，陈述语序，是写作最常用名词性从句。 5. 表语从句：位于系动词后，解释说明主语内容，that不可随意省略，常用在reason、fact等名词后。 6. 同位语从句：解释说明抽象名词具体内容（fact/news/idea/truth等），从句完整不缺成分，只起补充作用。 7. that用法区别：定语从句that充当成分可替换；名词性从句that无词义、不充当成分、仅起连接作用。 8. 特殊高频句型：It is obvious/clear that…、The reason is that…、There is no doubt that…，均为高考写作加分句型。 9. 语序规则：所有名词性从句一律用陈述语序，杜绝疑问语序，是改错和语法填空核心易错点。 一、单项选择 1．________ we keep a positive attitude determines how far we can go in our life journey. A．What B．That C．Whether D．How 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：我们如何保持积极心态，决定着人生道路能走多远。从句缺方式状语，用how。故选D。 2．I firmly believe ________ continuous efforts will finally bring us unexpected pleasant results. A．that B．what C．whether D．if 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我坚信持续的努力终会带给我们意想不到的美好结果。从句句意完整不缺成分，用that。故选A。 3．The key to success is ________ we can stick to our goals and never give up easily. A．what B．that C．whether D．how 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。句意：成功的关键是我们能否坚守目标、不轻言放弃。从句句意完整，用that连接。故选B。 4．We have no idea ________ the new school rules will come into force next month. A．that B．what C．whether D．how 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：我们不清楚新的校规是否会在下个月正式生效。从句表不确定，whether表“是否”。故选C。 5．________ makes us confident is that we have the courage to face difficulties and mistakes. A．That B．What C．Which D．How 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：让我们自信的是我们拥有直面困难和错误的勇气。从句缺主语，what指代事物。故选B。 6．The teacher asked us ________ we had finished our reading task ahead of schedule or not. A．if B．whether C．that D．what 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：老师询问我们是否已经提前完成了课外阅读任务。有or not只能用whether。故选B。 7．It is obvious ________ teamwork plays a vital role in our study and daily life. A．what B．how C．that D．whether 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：显而易见，团队合作在学习和生活中至关重要。固定句型It is obvious that…。故选C。 8．This is ________ we should value every chance to improve our comprehensive ability. A．why B．because C．that D．what 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。句意：这就是我们要珍惜机会提升综合能力的原因。why引导表语从句表原因。故选A。 9．I wonder ________ he has made such great progress in English in such a short time. A．that B．what C．how D．whether 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我很好奇他如何在短时间内取得如此大的英语进步。从句缺方式状语。故选C。 10．There is no doubt ________ reading classic books can enrich our knowledge and broaden horizons. A．whether B．if C．that D．what 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，阅读经典能够丰富知识、拓宽眼界。固定句型There is no doubt that…。故选C。 11．The problem is ________ we can finish the challenging task within the limited time. A．that B．whether C．what D．how 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。句意：问题在于我们能否在限时内完成这项有难度的任务。表不确定含义用whether。故选B。 12．We all know the truth ________ hard work is the only shortcut to success for every student. A．that B．what C．which D．why 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：我们都明白努力是每位学生通往成功的唯一捷径。从句解释truth，句意完整用that。故选A。 13．________ you choose to do, you should stick to it and try your best to finish it. A．That B．What C．Whether D．How 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：无论你选择做什么，都应坚持下去并全力以赴完成。what在从句中作宾语。故选B。 14．I have no idea ________ he will return to school to continue his study this term. A．when B．that C．what D．how 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：我不清楚他本学期何时会返校继续自己的学业。从句缺时间状语。故选A。 15．His dream is ________ he can become an excellent volunteer to serve the society. A．what B．that C．whether D．how 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。句意：他的梦想是成为一名优秀的志愿者，服务社会。从句句意完整，用that。故选B。 二、单句语法填空 16. ________ we should develop good habits in daily life is very important for teenagers. 【答案】That 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：青少年在日常生活中养成良好习惯是十分重要的。从句句意完整，That引导主语从句。故填That。 17. I truly believe ________ every effort we make will finally pay off in the future. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我真心相信我们付出的每一份努力终将在未来得到回报。从句句意完整不缺成分。故填that。 18. The fact ________ he has made great progress surprises all his teachers. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：他取得巨大进步这一事实让所有老师都十分惊喜。从句解释fact，句意完整。故填that。 19. This is ________ we must attach great importance to our mental health. 【答案】why 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。句意：这就是我们必须高度重视心理健康的原因。why引导从句表原因。故填why。 20. We are wondering ________ we can take part in the coming school sports meeting. 【答案】whether/if 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我们想知道自己能否参加即将到来的校运动会。从句表不确定含义。故填whether/if。 21. ________ matters most in our study is persistence and self-discipline. 【答案】What 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：在学习中最重要的是坚持不懈与自律。从句缺主语，What指代事物。故填What。 22. It is clear ________ positive attitudes can bring us more motivation and courage. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：很明显，积极的心态能带给我们更多动力与勇气。固定It is clear that句型。故填that。 23. The question ________ we will hold the class meeting remains to be discussed. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：我们是否举办班会这个问题还有待讨论。question表疑问，用whether。故填whether。 24. I don’t know ________ he managed to solve the difficult problem in such a short time. 【答案】how 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我不知道他是如何在短时间内解决这道难题的。从句缺方式状语。故填how。 25. My idea is ________ we should spend more time on practical social practice. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。句意：我的想法是我们应该多花时间参与社会实践活动。从句句意完整。故填that。 26. There is no doubt ________ teamwork can improve our learning efficiency greatly. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，团队合作能大幅提升我们的学习效率。固定高频句型用法。故填that。 27. ________ you have prepared well, you will perform better in the final examination. 【答案】That 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：你准备充分这件事会让你在期末考试中发挥更好。从句句意完整。故填That。 28. The teacher asked me ________ I had finished reviewing all the textbook knowledge. 【答案】whether/if 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：老师询问我是否已经复习完课本所有知识点。表询问不确定情况。故填whether/if。 29. I have no idea ________ the new after-school activity will start next week. 【答案】when 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：我不清楚新的课外活动将于下周何时开始。从句缺时间状语。故填when。 30. ________ we learn from mistakes is the key to making constant progress. 【答案】That 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：我们从错误中学习，是不断取得进步的关键。从句句意完整。故填That。 31. ________ makes us truly happy is not wealth, but a meaningful life full of love and hope. 【答案】What 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。从句缺少主语，指代事物，故填What。 32. We should always remember ________ honesty and kindness are the most valuable qualities in life. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。从句结构完整、句意明确，故填that。 33. I firmly believe ________ we can overcome difficulties as long as we keep trying and never give up. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。从句不缺成分，语义完整，故填that。 34. The problem is ________ many teenagers fail to realize the importance of valuing time wisely. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。从句结构完整，用于解释说明主语内容，故填that。 35. No one knows exactly ________ our world will be like in the coming twenty years. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。从句缺少宾语，表“什么样”，故填what。 一、句型转换 1．Hard work leads to success. Everyone believes it.（合并宾语从句） →Everyone believes ________ hard work leads to success. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：每个人都相信努力奋斗能够收获成功。从句句意完整，用that引导。故填that。 2．Will he take part in the competition? We are not sure.（合并宾语从句） →We are not sure ________ he will take part in the competition. 【答案】whether/if 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我们不确定他是否会参加这次的比赛。原句为一般疑问，用whether/if。故填whether/if。 3．Why is he late for school? It puzzles all his classmates.（改为主语从句） →________ he is late for school puzzles all his classmates. 【答案】Why 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：他上学迟到的原因让所有同学都感到困惑。从句表原因用why。故填Why。 4．He keeps working hard. This is the reason for his great progress.（改表语从句） →The reason for his progress is ________ he keeps working hard. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。句意：他取得巨大进步的原因是他一直坚持努力。从句句意完整用that。故填that。 5．The news excites us. Our team has won the match.（合并同位语从句） →The news ________ our team has won the match excites us. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：我们队伍赢得比赛的消息让我们十分激动。从句解释news，句意完整。故填that。 6．He will come to the party on time. I am sure of it.（合并宾语从句） →I am sure ________ he will come to the party on time. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我确定他会准时来参加派对。从句结构完整语义明确，用that引导。故填that。 7．When will they set off? We haven’t decided it yet.（合并宾语从句） →We haven’t decided ________ they will set off. 【答案】when 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我们还没决定他们什么时候出发。从句缺时间状语，用when引导。故填when。 8．She has passed the important exam. The news makes us excited.（合并同位语从句） →The news ________ she has passed the important exam makes us excited. 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：她通过重要考试的消息让我们很兴奋。that仅起连接作用，无实义。故填that。 9．Where did she put her dictionary? No one knows it.（合并宾语从句） →No one knows ________ she put her dictionary. 【答案】where 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：没人知道她把词典放在哪里了。从句缺地点状语，用where引导。故填where。 10．He can finish the task alone. It is true.（改写为主语从句） →________ he can finish the task alone is true. 【答案】That 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：他能独自完成这项任务是真的。主语从句不缺成分用that引导，句首首字母大写。故填That。 二、完成句子 11．I firmly believe ________ (坚持努力终有回报) in our daily study and life. 【答案】that persistent efforts will pay off eventually 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我坚信在日常学习生活中，坚持努力终会获得回报。that引导完整宾语从句。故填that persistent efforts will pay off eventually。 2．The truth is ________ (自信和坚持是成功的必备品质) for every teenager. 【答案】that confidence and perseverance are keys to success 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。句意：事实是自信与坚持是每位青少年成功的必备品质。that引导完整表语从句。故填that confidence and perseverance are keys to success。 13．There is no doubt ________ (阅读能够拓宽视野、丰富个人精神世界). 【答案】that reading can broaden horizons and enrich our inner world 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，阅读能够拓宽视野、丰富我们的精神世界。固定高频写作句型。故填that reading can broaden horizons and enrich our inner world。 14．We still wonder ________ (我们能否在活动中收获全新的成长与进步). 【答案】whether we can gain new growth and progress in the activity 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我们依旧好奇能否在本次活动中收获全新的成长与进步。whether表不确定含义。故填whether we can gain new growth and progress in the activity。 15．________ (我们如何合理利用时间) determines our learning efficiency and results. 【答案】How we make full use of our time properly 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：我们如何合理利用时间，决定着我们的学习效率与成果。how引导主语从句表方式。故填How we make full use of our time properly。 16．________ (他是否能按时完成任务) remains unknown to all the teachers in our school. 【答案】Whether he can finish the task on time 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：他能否按时完成任务，对全校老师来说仍然未知。whether引导主语从句表“是否”。故填Whether he can finish the task on time。 17．We all believe ________ (努力终将会得到回报) in our future life and work. 【答案】that hard work will pay off in the end 【解析】考查名词性从句宾语从句。句意：我们都相信在未来的生活和工作中，努力终将会得到回报。从句完整用that引导。故填that hard work will pay off in the end。 18．I have no idea ________ (他为什么突然改变了自己的主意) at the last minute. 【答案】why he suddenly changed his mind 【解析】考查名词性从句同位语从句。句意：我不知道他为什么在最后一刻突然改变了主意。从句缺原因状语用why引导。故填why he suddenly changed his mind。 19．________ (我们所需要做的) is to keep trying and never give up easily. 【答案】What we need to do 【解析】考查名词性从句主语从句。句意：我们所需要做的就是不断尝试，绝不轻易放弃。what在从句中作宾语。故填What we need to do。 20．The problem is ________ (我们怎样才能在有限时间内提高英语水平) effectively. 【答案】how we can improve our English in limited time 【解析】考查名词性从句表语从句。句意：问题是我们怎样才能在有限时间内有效提高英语水平。how引导表语从句表方式。故填how we can improve our English in limited time。 三、英汉互译 21．毫无疑问，良好的心态能够帮助我们从容面对学习和生活中的困难。（同位语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】There is no doubt that a good attitude helps us face difficulties in study and life calmly. 【解析】考查that引导同位语从句。该句型为高考写作万能加分句式，适配各类话题作文。故译为：There is no doubt that a good attitude helps us face difficulties in study and life calmly. 22．我坚信只要持之以恒，我们终会实现自己心中的理想与目标。（宾语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】I firmly believe that we will realize our dreams and goals with continuous efforts. 【解析】考查that引导宾语从句。从句句意完整，句式简洁高级，适配高考书面表达。故译为：I firmly believe that we will realize our dreams and goals with continuous efforts. 23．我们能否突破自我取决于我们是否敢于挑战未知、超越自我。（主语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】Whether we can break through ourselves depends on whether we dare to challenge the unknown. 【解析】考查whether引导主语从句。从句表不确定，是高考高频难点写作句型。故译为：Whether we can break through ourselves depends on whether we dare to challenge the unknown. 24．他成功的原因是他始终保持自律，认真对待每一次学习机会。（表语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】The reason why he succeeds is that he stays self-disciplined and values every learning chance. 【解析】考查that引导表语从句。固定reason后表语从句用that，为高考必考句式。故译为：The reason why he succeeds is that he stays self-disciplined and values every learning chance. 25．让我们变得优秀的，从来不是天赋，而是日复一日的坚持与努力。（what主语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】What makes us excellent is never talent but persistent efforts day after day. 【解析】考查what引导主语从句。what在从句中作主语，句式高级，适合高考升华主旨。故译为：What makes us excellent is never talent but persistent efforts day after day. 26．我们应该铭记的是，感恩与善良永远是做人最珍贵的品质。（what主语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】What we should keep in mind is that gratitude and kindness are always the most valuable qualities. 【解析】考查what引导主语从句。what在从句中作宾语，句式高级，适合高考作文结尾升华。 27．我坚信只要不放弃，每个人都能实现自己的梦想。（that宾语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】I firmly believe that everyone can realize their dreams as long as they never give up. 【解析】考查that引导宾语从句。that只起连接作用，无词义，不充当成分，是高考常考结构。 28．没有人知道他为什么在关键时刻选择了坚持而不是放弃。（why宾语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】No one knows why he chose to insist instead of giving up at the critical moment. 【解析】考查why引导宾语从句。why在从句中作原因状语，常用于观点类写作表达。 29．That we should keep a positive attitude is of great importance in our daily life.（that主语从句）（英译汉） 【答案】保持积极的心态在我们的日常生活中至关重要。 【解析】考查that引导主语从句。that位于句首引导主语从句，不可省略，翻译时可灵活处理。 30．The truth is that every success comes from countless attempts and full preparations.（that表语从句）（英译汉） 【答案】事实是，每一次成功都源于无数次的尝试和充分的准备。 【解析】考查that引导表语从句。that在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用，常用于议论文中引出观点。 短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. A For decades, nets 1 (use) to help protect beachgoers from sharks in Queensland. But that safety comes at 2 cost of marine (海洋的) life. Last year alone, that equipment caught 958 animals, including 798 sharks, 70 percent of 3 died. The government has a desire to replace its deadly measures 4 camera-equipped drones (无人机) to search for sharks, and Alexandra Headland is one of the locations for a trial program that is already showing success. The drone is capable of flying for 20 minutes in winds 5 (record) above 21 miles per hour. When pilots detect a shark, they lower the drone to just below 100 feet 6 (identify) the animal’s size and species. The task becomes much 7 (difficult) when it is raining or if the water is rough. In addition, if the pilots consider the shark a danger, they can evacuate (疏散) the beach while lifeguards track the animal. During many 8 (experiment) in 2020 and 2021, which involved 3,669 drone flights at seven beaches, drone pilots discovered 174 sharks, including 48 that were greater than 6.5 feet in length. Drones, says Leo Guida, a shark scientist with Australian Marine Conservation Society, can 9 (entire) save people by dropping life — saving equipment to someone 10 (struggle) in the water. 【答案】 1．have been used 2．the 3．which 4．with 5．recorded 6．to identify 7．more difficult 8．experiments 9．entirely 10．struggling 【导语】文章讲述了澳大利亚昆士兰州政府计划用搭载摄像头的无人机替代致命的防鲨网，开展试点项目。 1．have been used 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：几十年来，在昆士兰，渔网一直被用来保护海滩游客免受鲨鱼的伤害。主语nets与use为被动关系，For decades提示用现在完成时，主语为复数。故填have been used。 2．the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：但这份安全是以海洋生物为代价换来的。固定搭配at the cost of意为“以……为代价”，用定冠词the。故填the。 3．which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：仅去年一年，这些防护网就困住了958只海洋动物，其中包括798条鲨鱼，其中70%最终死亡。先行词为指物名词，位于介词of后，非限制性定语从句用which。故填which。 4．with 【解析】考查介词固定搭配。句意：当地政府希望用搭载摄像头的无人机取代这种致命的防护方式来搜寻鲨鱼。固定搭配replace A with B，意为“用B取代A”。故填with。 5．recorded 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这款无人机在实测风速超过每小时21英里的大风天气下，仍能续航飞行20分钟。winds与record为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填recorded。 6．to identify 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：操控人员发现鲨鱼时，会将无人机降至100英尺以下，以此辨别鲨鱼的体型与种类。不定式置于句中作目的状语，表动作目的。故填to identify。 7．more difficult 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：下雨或海面波涛汹涌时，这项巡查任务就会变得困难得多。much修饰比较级，difficult的比较级形式为more difficult。故填more difficult。 8．experiments 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：在2020至2021年的多项试验中，工作人员完成了数千次无人机巡查。many后接可数名词复数形式。故填experiments。 9．completely 【解析】考查副词。句意：无人机还能通过投放救生设备，完全保障水中遇险人员的生命安全。副词修饰动词save，作状语。故填completely。 10．struggling 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：无人机可向在水中挣扎的人投放救生设备，保障人们的生命安全。someone与struggle为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填struggling。 B In Gonghe, Qinghai Province, Yehdor the herder (牧民) carries food and water while watching his sheep graze (吃草) across the summer landscape. Making the scene unique is the blue sea of solar panels overhead, as the sheep’s grazing grounds 1 (be) a photovoltaic (光伏的) industrial park. The Talatan photovoltaic industrial park covers 609 square kilometers and the flat land here enjoys rich solar energy resources, with 2 average annual sunshine duration of nearly 3,000 hours. The park’s enormous collection of solar panels not only generates electricity for distant provinces 3 acts as both a sunshade and a windbreak for the surrounding land. With average wind speeds 4 (reduce) by half, vegetation coverage in the area has grown to 80 percent. However, this vegetation growth hasn’t been 5 issues. The growing grass can 6 (dramatic) lower panel efficiency and cause fires in the dry winter months. To address this, the park invited villagers to raise their sheep under the solar panels. The sheep fertilize the area, allowing a green ecological chain 7 (form). In addition, herders can sell some of their sheep, 8 (secure) great financial benefits. Last year, 600 sheep 9 (task) with protecting the solar panels in the park. The photovoltaic industrial park has set an example of 10 industrial development, traditional practices, and environmental protection work hand in hand. The area is able to produce more power while improving the environment and maintaining the locals’ traditional way of life. 【答案】 1．are 2．an 3．but 4．reduced 5．without 6．dramatically 7．to form 8．securing 9．were tasked 10．how 【导语】本文介绍青海共和塔拉滩光伏产业园的独特模式，园区利用丰富太阳能资源发电，光伏板兼具遮阳防风功能改善生态，同时引入牧民放羊解决植被疯长隐患，实现产业发展、传统牧业与环境保护的协同共赢。 1．are 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：让这一场景别具一格的是头顶成片蔚蓝的光伏板，因为羊群的放牧场地是一座光伏产业园。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为复数，故填are。 2．an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：塔拉滩光伏产业园占地609平方公里，这片平地太阳能资源丰富，年平均日照时长接近3000小时。固定搭配an average of，average以元音音素开头，故填an。 3．but 【解析】考查连词。句意：园区内大量的光伏板不仅为偏远省份供电，还为周边土地起到遮阳和防风的作用。固定结构not only…but(also)…，故填but。 4．reduced 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：平均风速降低了一半，该地区的植被覆盖率已达到80%。with复合结构中wind speeds与reduce为被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，故填reduced。 5．without 【解析】考查介词。句意：然而，这种植被的生长并非没有问题。此处表示“没有”，符合上下文逻辑，故填without。 6．dramatically 【解析】考查副词。句意：疯长的草会大幅降低光伏板的效率，并在干燥的冬季引发火灾。修饰动词lower用副词，故填dramatically。 7．to form 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：羊群为该地区施肥，促成了绿色生态链的形成。固定搭配allow sth. to do sth.，用不定式作宾补，故填to form。 8．securing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，牧民可以出售部分羊群，获得可观的经济收益。主语与secure为主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，故填securing。 9．were tasked 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：去年，600只羊被安排负责保护园区内的光伏板。last year为一般过去时标志，主语与task为被动关系，故填were tasked。 10．how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这座光伏产业园为产业发展、传统做法和环境保护如何协同推进树立了典范。从句中缺方式状语，用how引导，故填how。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $