精品解析：天津市实验中学2026届高三下学期考前热身训练英语试题

2026届高三年级 热身训练 英语学科试卷 命题人：英语备课组 审核人：英语备课组 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Wall Street English just launched a new learning platform and we can take free classes! — ________! Let me have a look! A. You don’t say B. You have got it C. You have me there D. You can say that again 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——华尔街英语刚刚推出了一个新的学习平台，我们可以免费上课！——真的吗！让我看看！ A. You don’t say真的吗，表示惊讶；B. You have got it你明白了；C. You have me there你把我问倒了；D. You can say that again我完全同意。根据题意，答语者对可以免费上课的消息感到惊讶并想亲自看一看，“You don’t say”符合语境。 2. Though the singer was turned away after two rounds, his song Chengdu has ________ ever since. A. held on B. caught on C. come on D. passed on 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管这位歌手在两轮比赛后被淘汰了，但他的歌曲《成都》从那以后就流行起来了。A. held on坚持；B. caught on流行起来；C. come on快点；D. passed on传递。根据Though the singer was turned away after two rounds和转折连词though可知，此处表示虽然歌手本人被淘汰，但歌曲却流行了起来。 3. You see, my watch ________ 10 minutes a day, and that was why I was always late these days. A. wins B. gains C. leaves D. loses 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：你看，我的表每天慢10分钟，这就是为什么我最近总是迟到。A. wins赢；B. gains（钟表）走快；C. leaves离开；D. loses（钟表）走慢。题干中包含句型“that was why...”，意为“这就是为什么……”。根据题意，手表走慢才会导致迟到。 4. Many graduates aren’t prepared for what the future has ________ when they come out of school. A. in demand B. at ease C. at length D. in store 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多毕业生在离开学校时，并没有为未来即将发生的事情做好准备。A. in demand需求量大；B. at ease感到舒适；C. at length详细地；D. in store即将发生。由when they come out of school可知，句子表示“为未来即将发生的事情做好准备”，空格处表达“即将发生”。 5. I have never heard of such a sport ________ participants who use the most time are awarded gold medals. A. as B. which C. that D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我从未听说过这样一种运动，在其中用时最多的参与者被授予金牌。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词sport。关系词代替先行词sport在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。 6. —Who did you run into today in the subway? —It was an old friend of my brother’s, whose name ________ me for the moment. A. had escaped B. escaped C. escapes D. has escaped 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你今天在地铁里碰见谁了？——是我哥哥的一位老朋友，我一时想不起他的名字了。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据上文的did和was可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。 7. —The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job? —____ my students have a try? A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. May 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——针对新型禽流感病毒疫苗的研究充满挑战和要求。你认为谁有能力完成这项工作？——我的学生可以试一下吗？shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中表示说话人征求对方意见或向对方请示，符合语境。must表示“必须”，will表示“意愿”，may表示“许可”，都不符合语境。 8. More than one the people heart and soul. A. official has served B. officials have served C. official has served for D. officials have served for 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：不止一个官员全心全意为人民服务。more than one + 单数名词，“不止一个……”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。固定搭配serve the people (为人民服务)。故选A。 9. ________ has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem. A. That B. What C. In spite of what D. Though what 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管最近已经采取了一些措施来为人们提供更多的公交车，但公共交通工具的短缺仍然是一个严重的问题。分析句子结构可知，逗号前后没有连词，因此逗号前不能是一个完整的句子。前后文存在让步关系，用In spite of或Though，In spite of后面接what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。Though what不符合语法规则。 10. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true ____ it comes to classroom tests. A. before B. since C. when D. after 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句式。句意: 做家庭作业是提高考试成绩的必由之路，尤其是在课堂测试中。when it comes to…是一固定句型，意为“当谈到……时，涉及”。故选C。 11. — What about inviting Tracy to host the party? — Good idea! She is very quick in mind. Oh, here she comes. A. don’t pull my leg B. a little bird told me C. speak of the devil D. think out of the box 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——邀请特蕾西来主持晚会怎么样？——好主意！她思维很敏捷。哦，说曹操，曹操到，她来了。A. don’t pull my leg别开玩笑了；B. a little bird told me有人告诉我；C. speak of the devil说曹操，曹操到；D. think out of the box打破常规思考。根据题干中的“here she comes”可知，两人正在谈论特蕾西时她恰好出现，符合“说曹操，曹操到”的语境。 12. He said all the right words to comfort me, but his tone sounded________, and I couldn’t really believe him. A. loyal B. faint C. tender D. artificial 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他说尽了所有合适的话来安慰我，但他的语气听起来很虚伪，我无法真正相信他。A. loyal忠诚的；B. faint微弱的；C. tender温柔的；D. artificial虚伪的。根据题意，由句中的转折连词but和后半句“我无法真正相信他”可知，他的语气听起来是不真诚的、虚伪的。 13. The new policy is far from perfect and has drawn some criticism; ________, it is generally considered a step in the right direction. A. nonetheless B. otherwise C. furthermore D. consequently 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：这项新政策远非完美，还招致了一些批评；尽管如此，它仍被普遍认为是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。A. nonetheless尽管如此，然而；B. otherwise否则，要不然；C. furthermore此外，而且；D. consequently因此，结果。前半句：政策不完美、遭批评（负面），后半句：被认可、方向正确（正面），前后是转折让步关系，nonetheless符合逻辑。 14. Despite the vast knowledge we have accumulated, the unsolved mysteries we face today are far more complex than ________ of the past. A. that B. one C. those D. ones 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管我们积累了大量知识，但我们今天面临的未解之谜比过去的那些要复杂得多。A. that那个(单数)；B. one一个(泛指单数)；C. those那些(特指复数)；D. ones那些(泛指复数)。空格处指代前文的‌“the unsolved mysteries”，是复数名词，可排除单数形式that和one；又因有“of the past”修饰，特指‌“过去的那些未解之谜”，应用those表特指。 15. ________ no convincing evidence presented, the judge had no choice but ________ the suspect of all charges. A. There being; to clear B. There was; clearing C. There was; to clear D. There being; clear 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：由于没有拿出任何确凿证据，法官别无选择，只能撤销对嫌疑人的所有指控。had作谓语动词，逗号前后无连词，“________ no convincing evidence presented”不能是一个独立的分句，因此第一空不能填There was，使用“There being ...”构成独立主格结构，表示“存在某种现存情况”，作“法官撤销对嫌疑人的所有指控”的原因状语，相当于“Because there was no convincing evidence presented”；“have no choice but to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“别无选择只能做某事”，第二空填动词不定式to clear。 第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Before Elaine left the Antarctic, she was determined to see a penguin — up close. She had spotted a few, but only from far away. But that night, when someone said there was a penguin on the ice outside the station, Elaine rushed out, barely pausing to grab her coat, driven by a(n) ____16____ excitement. A frosty wind circled, a(n) ____17____. Elaine knew the weather could change ____18____. Although the icy plain looked solid, its sheet was in constant ____19____. Crevasses hid beneath the snowy surface. Rows of blue and red flags ____20____ a safe path through this dangerous zone. It was  ____21____ the rules to approach a penguin. So she had to wait and see if the bird would come to her. She held her breath, concentrated on the penguin waddling toward her and ____22____ it to keep coming. Soon the bird stood just in front of her, with its eyes ____23____ with hers. So sweet! ____24____ she leaned into the blowing wind and followed the bird farther out on the ice, away from the station. Suddenly, a strong gust knocked her off her feet. Elaine rolled over and over until she found herself lying on a thin skin of ice above a blue crevasse. Crunch! She dropped a little lower. If she ____25____, she’d drop into the crevasse, where nobody would even ever find her. Panic ____26____ her chest as she realized how  ____27____ her situation was. Then the wind ____28____. In a sudden quiet, Elaine felt someone near, her penguin! Seeing Elaine move, the bird walked away, then stopped and looked back, which seemed to invite her to follow. Cracks ____29____ around her. She made up her mind. She would trust her bird. She spread her arms on the ice like wings, keeping her body ____30____ and spreading her weight across the fragile surface. She pushed forward on her belly, ____31____ ahead. The penguin wove a trail between the cracks. Elaine scraped along behind, ____32____ time as she focused on following the penguin’s path, ignoring the cold that was starting to ____33____her fingers. Finally, with one last ____34____ of her arms, Elaine crawled after her penguin onto solid, white ice. She collapsed, gasping, as the penguin tilted its head, as if checking she was okay. ____35____ flooded her as she realized she was safe. 16. A. sudden B. calm C. controlled D. forced 17. A. pressure B. warning C. prediction D. impression 18. A. in a heartbeat B. in a row C. in a hurry D. in a way 19. A. evolution B. consumption C. motion D. progression 20. A. strengthened B. marked C. decorated D. crossed 21. A. for B. among C. against D. of 22. A. considered B. permitted C. willed D. forced 23. A. level B. parallel C. opposite D. equal 24. A. Fortunately B. Reluctantly C. Intentionally D. Unconsciously 25. A. broke out B. broke down C. broke in D. broke through 26. A. loosened B. tightened C. warmed D. relaxed 27. A. hopeful B. desperate C. common D. ordinary 28. A. died B. followed C. returned D. worsened 29. A. declined B. spiderwebbed C. melted D. accumulated 30. A. flexible B. flat C. twisted D. bent 31. A. rushing B. sliding C. inching D. diving 32. A. losing track of B. losing control of C. taking note of D. running out of 33. A. numb B. warm C. smooth D. free 34. A. raise B. wave C. shake D. pull 35. A. Panic B. Relief C. Regret D. Pride 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了伊莱恩在南极跟随企鹅脱险的经历。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但那天晚上，当有人说科考站外的冰面上有一只企鹅时，伊莱恩几乎没顾上穿外套就冲了出去，被一股突如其来的兴奋驱使着。A. sudden突然的；B. calm平静的；C. controlled受控的；D. forced被迫的。根据前文“when someone said there was a penguin on the ice outside the station, Elaine rushed out, barely pausing to grab her coat, driven by”可知，前文有人突发告知出现企鹅、伊莱恩立刻冲出去的仓促举动，说明这份兴奋是突如其来的。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：寒风呼啸，是一种警告。A. pressure压力；B. warning警告；C. prediction预测；D. impression印象。结合上文“A frosty wind circled”和下文“a strong gust knocked her off her feet. Elaine rolled over and over until she found herself lying on a thin skin of ice above a blue crevasse”可知，寒风可能带来危险，是危险的信号。 【18题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：伊莱恩知道天气可能在顷刻间发生变化。A. in a heartbeat立刻；B. in a row连续；C. in a hurry匆忙；D. in a way某种程度上。根据下文“Then the wind______. In a sudden quiet”可知，大风可能突然停下来，这里强调天气变化的迅速。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管冰原看起来坚固，但它的冰层一直在运动。A. evolution进化；B. consumption消耗；C. motion运动；D. progression进展。根据上文“Although the icy plain looked solid, its sheet was in constant”并结合科学常识可知，冰盖在移动是极地环境的常见现象。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：一排排蓝红旗帜标出了穿越危险区域的安全路径。A. strengthened加强；B. marked标记；C. decorated装饰；D. crossed穿过。根据下文“a safe path through this dangerous zone”可知，旗帜是用来标示路线的，蓝红旗帜标出了穿越危险区域的安全路径。 【21题详解】 考查介词。句意：接近企鹅是违反规定的。A. for为了；B. among在……之中；C. against违反；D. of……的。根据下文“the rules to approach a penguin. So she had to wait and see if the bird would come to her”可知，她只能等待企鹅主动靠近自己，说明主动接近企鹅是违反规定的。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：她屏住呼吸，专注地看着企鹅朝自己摇摇摆摆走来，心里期盼着它继续靠近。A. considered考虑；B. permitted允许；C. willed期盼，凭意念促使；D. forced强迫。根据上文“she was determined to see a penguin — up close. She had spotted a few, but only from far away”、“She held her breath, concentrated on the penguin waddling toward her and”可知，伊莱恩离开南极之前，她决心要近距离观察一只企鹅，她无法主动靠近企鹅，只能在心里默默期盼企鹅不断走近自己。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：很快，这只企鹅就站在了她的面前，双眼与她的视线平行相对。A. level地位相同的，（目光）平静的；B. parallel平行的；C. opposite相反的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“Soon the bird stood just in front of her, with its eyes”和下文“with hers”可知，人与企鹅近距离对视、视线平行。eyes parallel with sb’s 表示“与某人视线平行”，是描写对视的标准用法，贴合人与企鹅面对面平视的场景。 【24题详解】 考查副词。句意：不知不觉间，她迎着大风，跟着企鹅向更远的冰面走去，渐渐远离了科考站。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Reluctantly不情愿地；C. Intentionally故意地；D. Unconsciously无意识地。根据下文“she leaned into the blowing wind and followed the bird farther out on the ice, away from the station”可知，她沉浸在与企鹅近距离接触的喜悦中，是在不知不觉中走远，并未刻意为之。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：一旦她心态崩溃、慌乱失措，她就会坠入冰裂缝，没有人能找到她。A. broke out爆发；B. broke down崩溃；C. broke in闯入；D. broke through冲破。根据上文“she found herself lying on a thin skin of ice above a blue crevasse. Crunch! She dropped a little lower”和下文“she’d drop into the crevasse”可知，她身处薄冰险境、极度恐慌，此处侧重心理层面的危机，若她情绪崩溃、慌乱挣扎，就会失足坠落冰缝。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：当她意识到自己的处境是多么绝望时，恐慌在胸口加剧。A. loosened松开；B. tightened收紧；C. warmed变暖；D. relaxed放松。根据上文“If she ______, she’d drop into the crevasse, where nobody would even ever find her”和下文“as she realized how______ her situation was”可知，她意识到自己的处境是多么绝望，人陷入极度恐慌时会胸口发紧、呼吸急促，贴合绝境下的生理反应。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当她意识到自己的处境是多么绝望时，恐慌在胸口加剧。A. hopeful有希望的；B. desperate绝望的；C. common常见的；D. ordinary普通的。根据上文“If she ______, she’d drop into the crevasse, where nobody would even ever find her”可知，如果掉进裂缝无人找到，处境绝望。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：接着风停了。A. died停止；B. followed跟随；C. returned返回；D. worsened恶化。根据下文“In a sudden quiet”可知，四周骤然安静下来，说明风停了。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：裂纹在她周围像蜘蛛网一样蔓延开来。A. declined下降；B. spiderwebbed像蜘蛛网般扩散；C. melted融化；D. accumulated积累。根据下文“around her”结合冰面遇险的场景，薄冰受力后会出现大量交错的网状裂缝，裂缝在她周围像蜘蛛网一样蔓延开来。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她像翅膀一样张开双臂，让身体保持平直，将重量分散在脆弱的表面上。A. flexible灵活的；B. flat平的；C. twisted扭曲的；D. bent弯曲的。根据下文“spreading her weight across the fragile surface”可知，将重量分散在脆弱的表面上，需要让身体保持平直、贴合冰面。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：她趴在冰面上向前挪动，一点点前进。A. rushing猛冲；B. sliding滑行；C. inching缓慢移动；D. diving潜水。根据上文“She pushed forward on her belly”可知，她趴在冰面上向前挪动，只能缓慢小心翼翼移动。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：伊莱恩小心翼翼地跟在后面，全神贯注地循着企鹅的踪迹前进，全然不觉时间流逝，也顾不上手指已被冻得发麻。A. losing track of失去对……的追踪；B. losing control of失去控制；C. taking note of注意；D. running out of耗尽。根据下文“as she focused on following the penguin’s path”可知，她全身心专注逃生路线、无暇顾及其他的状态，说明她忘记了时间。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：伊莱恩小心翼翼地跟在后面，全神贯注地循着企鹅的踪迹前进，全然不觉时间流逝，也顾不上手指已被冻得发麻。A. numb使麻木；B. warm使温暖；C. smooth抚平；D. free释放。根据上文“the cold that was starting to”可知，严寒会导致手指麻木。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：最后，她双臂奋力一晃动，跟着企鹅爬到了坚固厚实的冰面上。A. raise举起；B. wave挥动；C. shake摇晃；D. pull拉。根据下文“of her arms, Elaine crawled after her penguin onto solid”可知，伊莱恩在冰冷脆弱的冰面上匍匐前行，身体僵硬、体力透支，最后依靠双臂奋力晃动、摆动身体完成最后的移动，成功爬到安全冰面。shake侧重身体四肢用力晃动、摆动，贴合绝境中艰难逃生的动作状态。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：当她意识到自己安全时，一阵宽慰涌上心头。A. Panic恐慌；B. Relief宽慰；C. Regret后悔；D. Pride骄傲。根据下文“flooded her as she realized she was safe”可知，脱险后自然是感到宽慰。 第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Maya (玛雅人) were good at math. They counted in groups of 20, not 10. They wrote numbers in columns going up. The bottom row was the “1s” column, the next row up was 20s, then 400s, and so on. For digits, they used a dot for 1, a line for 5, and a shell shape to show zero. Numbers 1 to 19 were written with a combination of lines and dots. The Maya also kept three different calendars. The first divided the year into 18 months of 20 days each, plus a short month of 5 days. The short month was believed to be unlucky, a time when spirits walked. The second calendar repeated every 260 days. This was used to plan celebrations and predict future. This calendar counted 13 months of 20 days each. Each date had its own set of 3 symbols (day, month, and year). When talking about events long ago, they used a calendar called the “long count.” This covered about 5,125 years. Year 1 on this calendar was 3114 BCE on our calendar. Each city and village had a calendar keeper, who was in charge of saying when to celebrate holidays and when to expect rain or plant crops. But farmers could probably also tell the time of the year from the sun and stars. 36. How many pumpkins did the Maya village harvest according to Figure 3? A. 114. B. 409. C. 414. D. 439. 37. Why did the Maya regard the short month of 5 days as unlucky? A. It was too short to plant crops. B. People thought spirits appeared then. C. It didn’t belong to any of their calendars. D. It broke the rule of 20 days per month. 38. What could the “long count” calendar be used for? A. Marking the unlucky days. B. Recording ancient events. C. Dividing the year into 18 months. D. Predicting and making future plans. 39. Which learning project would this text be most suitable for? A. Design a travel plan to the Maya ruins B. Write a report on the Maya agriculture C. Give a presentation on Maya artistic symbols D. Make a poster of Maya scientific achievements 40. What can we infer about the calendar keeper? A. He determined important time arrangements for the village. B. He mainly taught farmers to observe the sun and stars. C. He created three kinds of calendars for all Maya cities. D. He could predict every natural disaster perfectly. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍玛雅人的数学计数法及三种历法的用途，并考查数字换算与历法功能的细节理解。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The bottom row was the “1s” column, the next row up was 20s, then 400s, and so on. For digits, they used a dot for 1, a line for 5, and a shell shape to show zero. Numbers 1 to 19 were written with a combination of lines and dots.(最底下一行是个位，往上一行是20位，再往上是400位，依此类推。至于数字符号，他们用点表示1，用横线表示5，用贝壳形状表示0。1到19的数字便是由横线和点组合而成的）”以及图片中的内容可知，数字按从下到上的“1s、20s、400s”三列书写。最下方1s列：有2条线（每条代表5）和4个点（每个代表1），计算：2×5+4×1=14；中间20s列：是贝壳符号（代表0），即0×20=0；最上方400s列：有1个点（代表1），即1×400=400。将三列数值相加：400+0+14=414。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The short month was believed to be unlucky, a time when spirits walked.(短月被认为是不吉利的，那是灵魂游荡的时期)”可知，玛雅人认为这几天会有鬼魂出现。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“When talking about events long ago, they used a calendar called the “long count.”(谈论很久以前的事件时，他们会使用一种叫“长计历”的日历)”可知，长计历可用于记录古代事件。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，文章先后介绍玛雅数学进制、数字符号、三套历法，数学与历法都属于古代科学成果，适合制作玛雅科学成就海报。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Each city and village had a calendar keeper, who was in charge of saying when to celebrate holidays and when to expect rain or plant crops.(每个城市和村庄都有一位历法保管员，负责告知何时庆祝节日、何时期待降雨或种植庄稼)”可知，历法保管员决定了村庄的重要时间安排。 B At dinnertime, if I’m anywhere near my favourite restaurant, there’s not a chance you can talk me into going somewhere else — I want to eat at China Fun. Actually, I have been eating at this restaurant for 17 years. Don’t get me wrong, trying new things is great, and I love exploring. But the pressure to always keep trying new things ignores the satisfaction of finding our loves and keeping on loving them. That’s why I dislike pop-up restaurants. I’d much rather invest my time and money in a place that will still be here next month, working my way through the menu to find my favourite dishes, and figuring out which is the best table. In a chaotic world, being a regular makes me feel that there are always places where things stay the same. In my mental map of the city, I mark all my favourites — cute bookshops, hidden gardens, and the hotdog stand that’s open only at weekends. To be a regular is to let a place become a character in your life. The act of returning builds connection, and a sense of being at home as you settle in and share a nod with the waiter before he asks if you’ll be having the usual. Some things just get better the more you do them. While relaxing weekends offer the promise of finding country paths for a wander, I would prefer revisiting a beloved walking route as the seasons turn, noticing the subtle (微妙的) changes in the same place. I’ve walked along the Thames a hundred times, but the banks look different each time as the tides move to reveal or conceal (隐藏). It feels like spending time with a friend. The river is alive, and each time we meet, we grow closer. I discovered a little local café recently. After several visits, Kirsty, the resident café cat, has finally started acknowledging my presence. The other repeat customers have also started nodding at me. They were here first and this is their café. Now they seem to be saying, “Have a seat, stay a while, and come back soon.” 41. What does the author’s restaurant preference show? A. He is a creature of habit. B. He is strictly self - disciplined. C. He loves exploring new things. D. He favours Asian cuisine most. 42. What does the underlined word “character” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Reward. B. Souvenir. C. Symbol. D. Companion. 43. How does the author find the walking route along the Thames? A. Crowded but comforting. B. Familiar but refreshing. C. Winding but approachable. D. Exhausting but adventurous. 44. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The café only welcomes regular local visitors. B. The author feels accepted as a regular in the café. C. Kirsty the cat is unfriendly to new customers. D. The café is too small to hold more people. 45. What message does this text mainly convey? A. Satisfaction exists in the present. B. Shared experiences build bonds. C. Possibilities hide in the unknown. D. Repeat visits deepen appreciation. 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. B 45. D 【解析】 【导语】作者通过餐厅、步行路线等日常经历，阐述反复探访熟悉之地能加深欣赏与情感连接的观点。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Actually, I have been eating at this restaurant for 17 years.(事实上，我已经在这家餐厅吃了17年了)”可知，作者长期光顾同一家餐厅，体现了他是个习惯型的人。 【42题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“To be a regular is to let a place become a character in your life.(成为熟客就是让一个地方成为你生活中的character)”及后文“The act of returning builds connection, and a sense of being at home as you settle in and share a nod with the waiter before he asks if you’ll be having the usual.(回头光顾能建立起一种联结，当你安顿下来，在服务员开口问你是否点老样子之前就对他点头致意时，便会生出一种在家的归属)”可知，常去的地方如同生活中的伙伴、陪伴者。画线词意为“伙伴、陪伴”。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“While relaxing weekends offer the promise of finding country paths for a wander, I would prefer revisiting a beloved walking route as the seasons turn, noticing the subtle (微妙的) changes in the same place. I’ve walked along the Thames a hundred times, but the banks look different each time as the tides move to reveal or conceal (隐藏). It feels like spending time with a friend. (虽然悠闲的周末意味着可以去乡间小路漫步探险，但我更愿随着四季流转，重走那条心爱的小径，细察同一方天地间的微妙变迁。泰晤士河畔我已走过百遍，但随着潮涨潮落，每一次河岸的景致都不尽相同。这种感觉，宛如与挚友相伴)”可知，泰晤士河畔的路线虽熟悉，却因季节变化每次都有新鲜感。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The other repeat customers have also started nodding at me. They were here first and this is their café. Now they seem to be saying, “Have a seat, stay a while, and come back soon.”(其他的熟客也开始对我点头致意了。他们捷足先登，这里早已是他们的地盘。此刻，他们仿佛在说：“坐吧，歇会儿，常来啊。”)”可知，作者作为熟客感受到了接纳。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中的“Some things just get better the more you do them.(一些事物你接触越多就变得越美好。)”可知，文章围绕多次造访餐馆、步道、咖啡馆的亲身经历展开，意在说明重复造访会加深人们对事物的喜爱。 C Chinese scientists have developed a new refrigeration method that solves a long-standing challenge in cooling technology. Published in Nature, the study responds to rising energy demands in applications ranging from food preservation to data center cooling. Traditional vapor-compression systems consume vast amounts of electricity and rely on harmful refrigerants. In China, refrigeration accounts for nearly 20% of the nation’s electricity use and 7.8% of its carbon emissions. While solid-state cooling avoids harmful gases, it suffers from poor heat transfer, limiting its real-world application. Led by Professor Li Bing from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research team overcame this by combining solid cooling effects with liquid flow. They used a common, non-toxic salt whose dissolution (溶解) in water absorbs large amounts of heat. Conversely, applying pressure causes the salt to come out and release heat. Cycling this pressure achieves continuous cooling. “Unlike traditional solid methods, where heat moves slowly, our system integrates the refrigerant and heat-transfer medium into a single liquid,” Li said. “This solves the ‘impossible triangle’ — achieving low pollution, strong cooling, and fast heat transfer all at once.” Lab tests showed a temperature drop of nearly 30°C in just 20 seconds at room temperature, and up to 54°C at higher temperatures — significantly outperforming existing solid coolers. A prototype cycle achieved a cooling capacity of 67 joules per gram with nearly 77% efficiency. The system also proved stable, reversible, and instantly responsive to pressure changes. “This technology moves beyond traditional refrigeration principles,” Li added. “By turning the coolant into a fluid, it opens the door to high - performance, zero-emission cooling for homes and industry.” He noted the method’s strong high-temperature performance makes it an ideal candidate for heat management in next-generation AI computing facilities. While engineering challenges remain, especially in achieving rapidly switchable pressure cycles. While the principle could be adapted to other materials for diverse cooling needs. 46. What is the main problem with traditional solid-state cooling systems? A. They transfer heat poorly. B. They produce harmful gases. C. They fail at high temperature. D. They use too much electricity. 47. What is the key innovation of the new cooling method? A. Using salt instead of chemical refrigerants. B. Increasing pressure inside traditional systems. C. Replacing pressure cycles with continuous flow. D. Combining solid cooling with liquid heat transfer. 48. Why does the author mention the “impossible triangle” in the text? A. To highlight the value of the new system. B. To illustrate the design of the new system. C. To explain why old systems are still in use. D. To show the limitations of previous systems. 49. What does Li Bing see as a promising application of the new technology? A. Preserving food in supply chains. B. Replacing traditional home refrigerators. C. Cooling future AI data centers. D. Achieving rapidly switchable pressure cycles. 50. What can we infer about the new refrigeration technology? A. It has already been widely used in industry. B. It balances cooling effect, efficiency and environmental friendliness. C. It completely gets rid of the use of any liquid materials. D. Its high efficiency means no further engineering research is needed. 【答案】46. A 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述中国科学家研发新型高效环保制冷技术。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“While solid-state cooling avoids harmful gases, it suffers from poor heat transfer, limiting its real-world application.(虽然固态制冷避免了有害气体，但它存在传热性能差的问题，限制了其实际应用。)”可知，传统固态制冷系统的主要问题是传热性能差。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Led by Professor Li Bing from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research team overcame this by combining solid cooling effects with liquid flow.(由中国科学院李冰教授带领的研究团队，将固态制冷效应与液体流动相结合，克服了这一难题。)”可知，新技术的核心创新是将固态制冷与液体传热结合起来。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中““This solves the ‘impossible triangle’ — achieving low pollution, strong cooling, and fast heat transfer all at once.”(这解决了“不可能三角”——一次性实现低污染、强制冷和快速传热。)”可知，作者提到“不可能三角”是为了突出新系统的价值。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He noted the method’s strong high-temperature performance makes it an ideal candidate for heat management in next-generation AI computing facilities.(他指出该方法在高温下的优异性能使其成为下一代AI计算设施热管理的理想选择。)”可知，李冰认为该技术未来有望用于冷却AI数据中心。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中““This solves the “impossible triangle” — achieving low pollution, strong cooling, and fast heat transfer all at once.”(这解决了“不可能三角”——一次性实现低污染、强制冷和快速传热。)”及第五段“Lab tests showed a temperature drop of nearly 30°C in just 20 seconds at room temperature, and up to 54°C at higher temperatures — significantly outperforming existing solid coolers. A prototype cycle achieved a cooling capacity of 67 joules per gram with nearly 77% efficiency. The system also proved stable, reversible, and instantly responsive to pressure changes.(实验室测试显示，在室温下仅20秒内温度下降近30°C，在更高温度下可达54°C——显著优于现有固态制冷器。原型循环实现了每克67焦耳的制冷量，效率接近77%。该系统还被证明稳定、可逆，且能即时响应压力变化。)”可知，这项技术在制冷效果、效率和环保之间取得了平衡。 D Early fifth-century philosopher St. Augustine famously wrote that he knew what time was unless someone asked him. Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies depending on where you measure it. Today’s state-of-the-art atomic (原子的) clocks have proven Einstein right. Even advanced physics can’t decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends on the question you’re asking. Forget about time as an absolute. What if, instead of considering time in terms of astronomy, we related time to ecology? What if we allowed environmental conditions to set the tempo (节奏) of human life? We’re increasingly aware of the fact that we can’t control Earth systems with engineering alone, and realizing that we need to moderate (调节) our actions if we hope to live in balance. What if our definition of time reflected that? Recently, I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that’s connected to circumstances on our planet, conditions that might change as a result of global warming. We’re now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes. We’ve programmed it to match an atomic clock if the waterways continue to flow at their present rate. If the rivers run faster in the future on average, the clock will get ahead of standard time. If they run slower, you’ll see the opposite effect. The clock registers both short-term irregularities and long-term trends in river dynamics. It’s a sort of observatory that reveals how the rivers are behaving from their own temporal frame (时间框架), and allows us to witness those changes on our smartwatches or phones. Anyone who opts to go on Alaska Mean River Time will live in in harmony with the planet. Anyone who considers river time in relation to atomic time will encounter a major imbalance and may be motivated to counteract it by consuming less fuel or supporting greener policies. Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars, early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena. In pre-Classical Greece, for instance, people “corrected” official calendars by shifting dates forward or backward to reflect the change of season. Temporal connection to the environment was vital to their survival. Likewise, river time and other timekeeping systems we’re developing may encourage environmental awareness. When St. Augustine admitted his inability to define time, he highlighted one of time’s most noticeable qualities: Time becomes meaningful only in a defined context. Any timekeeping system is valid, and each is as praiseworthy as its purpose. 51. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. Timekeeping is increasingly related to nature. B. Everyone can define time on their own terms. C. The qualities of time vary with how you measure it. D. Time is a major concern of philosophers and scientists. 52. The author raises three questions in Paragraph 2 mainly to ________. A. present an assumption B. evaluate an argument C. highlight an experiment D. introduce an approach 53. What can we know about the new river clock? A. It mainly records seasonal changes of rivers. B. It runs faster when rivers flow more slowly. C. It can show both instant and long-term river changes. D. It has already been widely used in people’s daily life. 54. What can we learn from this passage? A. Those who do not go on river time will live an imbalanced life. B. New ways of measuring time can help to control Earth systems. C. Atomic time will get ahead of river time if the rivers run slower. D. Modern technology may help to shape the rivers’ temporal frame. 55. What is the author’s attitude towards the new river timekeeping system? A. Doubtful. B. Favourable. C. Uncaring. D. Cautious. 【答案】51. C 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者由时间难定义引出生态计时新理念，介绍阿拉斯加河流时钟的原理与作用，佐证依托自然计时可提升环保意识。 【51题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies depending on where you measure it. Today’s state-of-the-art atomic (原子的) clocks have proven Einstein right. Even advanced physics can’t decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends on the question you’re asking.(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦增加了新的复杂性，即时间会随着测量地点的不同而变化。今天最先进的原子钟已经证明爱因斯坦是对的。即使是高级物理学也不能明确地告诉我们时间是什么，因为答案取决于你问的问题)”可知，第一段主要讲述了时间属性随测量方式改变。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“What if, instead of considering time in terms of astronomy, we related time to ecology? What if we allowed environmental conditions to set the tempo (节奏) of human life? We’re increasingly aware of the fact that we can’t control Earth systems with engineering alone, and realizing that we need to moderate (调节) our actions if we hope to live in balance. What if our definition of time reflected that?(如果我们不从天文学的角度考虑时间，而是将时间与生态学联系起来呢？如果我们让环境条件决定人类生活的节奏呢？我们越来越意识到，仅靠工程无法控制地球系统，并意识到，如果我们希望生活在平衡中，我们需要适度调整我们的行动。如果我们对时间的定义反映了这一点呢？)”以及第三段“Recently, I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that’s connected to circumstances on our planet, conditions that might change as a result of global warming.(最近，我提出了一种新的计时方法，这种方法与我们星球上的环境有关，这些环境可能会因全球变暖而发生变化)”可知，设问的目的是引出新型计时方案。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The clock registers both short-term irregularities and long-term trends in river dynamics. (这款时钟既能记录河水短期不规则波动，也能记录河流长期动态变化趋势)”可知，河流时钟可展现短期与长期河水变化。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Anyone who considers river time in relation to atomic time will encounter a major imbalance and may be motivated to counteract it by consuming less fuel or supporting greener policies. (任何认为河流时间与原子时间相关的人都会遇到严重的不平衡，并可能有动力通过减少燃料消耗或支持更环保的政策来抵消这种不平衡)”可知，新式计时有益于调控地球生态系统。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Likewise, river time and other timekeeping systems we’re developing may encourage environmental awareness. (同样，我们正在开发的河流时间和其他计时系统可能会鼓励环保意识)”以及最后一段“Any timekeeping system is valid, and each is as praiseworthy as its purpose. (任何计时体系只要契合自身目标就合理、值得肯定)”可推知，作者对河流计时持赞同态度。 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 When I slowly opened the front door, my sister ran after our brother, screaming for her doll back. “I have five siblings(brothers and sisters),” I said to my new neighbor, Michelle, a girl of my age. I led her to my bedroom. It was not big but I had to share it with my two sisters. When it was time for dinner, Michelle went back to her house with reluctance (不情愿). She called me the next day, and I happily accepted her invitation to go to her house. Soon, I was standing at her front door, ringing the bell. A woman answered. “Hello,” she said. “Michelle is upstairs.” I thought that she couldn’t be her mother. Michelle’s bedroom was more like a princess’s, complete with a king-size bed and a lot of toys I had never seen. How I wished I had such a room of my own! When I asked her about the woman downstairs, Michelle explained to me that she was her nanny (保姆), Marion. Then we played together and had a wonderful time. I went over to Michelle’s almost every day that summer. I loved being in her clean room. There were no chores, no siblings annoying us, and no parents constantly nagging (唠叨) us. But Michelle told me that her own parents were rarely at home, and her nanny rarely talked to her. One day, we spent all afternoon playing a video game and forgot the time. My mom called and asked me to have dinner. I looked over at Michelle, rolling my eyes as I begged my mom to let me miss dinner. But that was not a battle I was going to win. “Fine, Mom, I’ll be home in five minutes,” I said. Suddenly, an idea popped into my mind. “Wait, Mom!” I said. “Can Michelle have dinner with us tonight?” There was no extra chair, so we had to share one chair. But Michelle didn’t mind. Her eyes shined as she looked around at our table, talking excitedly with my sisters. When our meal was finished, she turned to me and whispered, “You’re so lucky to have such a big family.” I looked over at my siblings; they were jumping up and down. My parents were making coffee. Suddenly, my house—my crowded, messy, loud house—seemed like a paradise. 56. Why did Michelle call the author the next day? (no more than 8 words)​ ___________________________________________________________________________ 57. How did the author feel after going into Michelle’s bedroom? (no more than 5 words)​ ___________________________________________________________________________ 58. What was Michelle’s home like? (no more than 10 words)​ ___________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 6 mean? (no more than 2 words)​ ___________________________________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of the author’s family? And why? (no more than 20 words) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. To invite the author to her house. 57. She was full of envy. 58. It was rich materially but lacked affection. 59. Crossed/Came to/Appeared in/Occurred to. 60. 开放性试题，言之有理即可，答案可以为：I think the author’s family is quite warm because love and company matter most in a home. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者羡慕邻居米歇尔宽敞精致的家，而米歇尔却羡慕作者热闹温暖的大家庭，让作者明白幸福不在于物质，而在于亲情与陪伴。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。由第二段中“She called me the next day, and I happily accepted her invitation to go to her house.(第二天她打电话给我，我开心地接受了去她家的邀请。)”可知，米歇尔打电话是为了邀请作者去她家。 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。由第三段中“How I wished I had such a room of my own!(我多么希望自己也有这样的房间啊！)”可知，走进米歇尔的卧室后，作者内心对其充满羡慕。 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。由第四段中“I loved being in her clean room. There were no chores, no siblings annoying us, and no parents constantly nagging (唠叨) us. But Michelle told me that her own parents were rarely at home, and her nanny rarely talked to her.(我很喜欢待在她干干净净的房间里。那里不用做家务，没有兄弟姐妹来吵闹打扰，也没有父母没完没了地唠叨我们。但米歇尔告诉我，她自己的父母很少在家，保姆也几乎不跟她说话。)”可知，米歇尔家物质富足却缺少关爱。 【59题详解】 考查词义猜测。由第六段中“Suddenly, an idea popped into my mind.(突然一个主意popped into我的脑海里。)”以及第七段““Wait, Mom!” I said. “Can Michelle have dinner with us tonight?”(“等一下，妈妈！”我说。“米歇尔今晚能和我们一起吃晚饭吗？”)”可知，这里指作者想到一个主意，即邀请米歇一起吃晚饭，所以短语popped into意为“想到、突然出现”。 【60题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：你认为作者的家庭怎么样？为什么？（不超过 20 字）答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：我认为作者的家庭很温暖，因为爱与陪伴才是家最重要的东西。 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 61. 你是高三学生李津，你校的校报专栏“Picture Talk”提供了两幅图片，并向广大师生征文。你有感而发，想向专栏投稿。你的文章必须包括： 1. 对图片的简要描述； 2. 你的看法。 注意： 词数不少于100(开头已给出，不计入总词数)； 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 文中不要出现真实校名和姓名。 As a Senior Three student, these two pictures deeply resonate with me.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 As a Senior Three student, these two pictures deeply resonate with me. In the first picture, an archer has shot several arrows but failed to hit the center of the target, with a question “Failure?” above. He still holds his bow, seemingly ready to try again. In the second picture, however, the archer has thrown away his bow and arrows, bowing his head in frustration, with the definite word “Failure!” next to him. The two pictures vividly show two completely different attitudes towards failure. The person in the first picture views failure as a temporary setback, while the one in the second picture sees it as the final result. As far as I am concerned, failure is an unavoidable part of our life, especially for senior three students like us who are faced with the college entrance examination. We may encounter setbacks in mock exams or daily reviews, but if we can treat failure as a chance to find our shortcomings and make improvements, we will make continuous progress. On the contrary, if we lose heart and give up trying the moment we meet failure, we will never achieve our goals. In a word, whether failure can lead us to success depends on the attitude we hold towards it. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一篇文章，简要描述所给图片，并谈谈自己的看法，向校报专栏“Picture Talk”投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 沮丧：frustration → depression 生动地：vividly → graphically 挫折：setback → discouragement 缺点：shortcoming → disadvantage 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In the second picture, however, the archer has thrown away his bow and arrows, bowing his head in frustration, with the definite word “Failure!” next to him. 拓展句：By contrast, the archer in the second picture abandons his bow and arrows entirely, who hangs his head in total disappointment, with the decisive word “Failure!” marked beside him. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We may encounter setbacks in mock exams or daily reviews, but if we can treat failure as a chance to find our shortcomings and make improvements, we will make continuous progress.(运用了if引导的状语从句) 【高分句型2】In a word, whether failure can lead us to success depends on the attitude we hold towards it.(运用了whether引导的主语从句，省略引导词that/which的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届高三年级 热身训练 英语学科试卷 命题人：英语备课组 审核人：英语备课组 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Wall Street English just launched a new learning platform and we can take free classes! — ________! Let me have a look! A. You don’t say B. You have got it C. You have me there D. You can say that again 2. Though the singer was turned away after two rounds, his song Chengdu has ________ ever since. A. held on B. caught on C. come on D. passed on 3. You see, my watch ________ 10 minutes a day, and that was why I was always late these days. A. wins B. gains C. leaves D. loses 4. Many graduates aren’t prepared for what the future has ________ when they come out of school. A. in demand B. at ease C. at length D. in store 5. I have never heard of such a sport ________ participants who use the most time are awarded gold medals. A. as B. which C. that D. where 6. —Who did you run into today in the subway? —It was an old friend of my brother’s, whose name ________ me for the moment. A. had escaped B. escaped C. escapes D. has escaped 7. —The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job? —____ my students have a try? A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. May 8. More than one the people heart and soul. A. official has served B. officials have served C. official has served for D. officials have served for 9. ________ has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem. A. That B. What C. In spite of what D. Though what 10. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true ____ it comes to classroom tests. A. before B. since C. when D. after 11. — What about inviting Tracy to host the party? — Good idea! She is very quick in mind. Oh, here she comes. A. don’t pull my leg B. a little bird told me C. speak of the devil D. think out of the box 12. He said all the right words to comfort me, but his tone sounded________, and I couldn’t really believe him. A. loyal B. faint C. tender D. artificial 13. The new policy is far from perfect and has drawn some criticism; ________, it is generally considered a step in the right direction. A. nonetheless B. otherwise C. furthermore D. consequently 14. Despite the vast knowledge we have accumulated, the unsolved mysteries we face today are far more complex than ________ of the past. A. that B. one C. those D. ones 15. ________ no convincing evidence presented, the judge had no choice but ________ the suspect of all charges. A. There being; to clear B. There was; clearing C. There was; to clear D. There being; clear 第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Before Elaine left the Antarctic, she was determined to see a penguin — up close. She had spotted a few, but only from far away. But that night, when someone said there was a penguin on the ice outside the station, Elaine rushed out, barely pausing to grab her coat, driven by a(n) ____16____ excitement. A frosty wind circled, a(n) ____17____. Elaine knew the weather could change ____18____. Although the icy plain looked solid, its sheet was in constant ____19____. Crevasses hid beneath the snowy surface. Rows of blue and red flags ____20____ a safe path through this dangerous zone. It was  ____21____ the rules to approach a penguin. So she had to wait and see if the bird would come to her. She held her breath, concentrated on the penguin waddling toward her and ____22____ it to keep coming. Soon the bird stood just in front of her, with its eyes ____23____ with hers. So sweet! ____24____ she leaned into the blowing wind and followed the bird farther out on the ice, away from the station. Suddenly, a strong gust knocked her off her feet. Elaine rolled over and over until she found herself lying on a thin skin of ice above a blue crevasse. Crunch! She dropped a little lower. If she ____25____, she’d drop into the crevasse, where nobody would even ever find her. Panic ____26____ her chest as she realized how  ____27____ her situation was. Then the wind ____28____. In a sudden quiet, Elaine felt someone near, her penguin! Seeing Elaine move, the bird walked away, then stopped and looked back, which seemed to invite her to follow. Cracks ____29____ around her. She made up her mind. She would trust her bird. She spread her arms on the ice like wings, keeping her body ____30____ and spreading her weight across the fragile surface. She pushed forward on her belly, ____31____ ahead. The penguin wove a trail between the cracks. Elaine scraped along behind, ____32____ time as she focused on following the penguin’s path, ignoring the cold that was starting to ____33____her fingers. Finally, with one last ____34____ of her arms, Elaine crawled after her penguin onto solid, white ice. She collapsed, gasping, as the penguin tilted its head, as if checking she was okay. ____35____ flooded her as she realized she was safe. 16. A. sudden B. calm C. controlled D. forced 17. A. pressure B. warning C. prediction D. impression 18. A. in a heartbeat B. in a row C. in a hurry D. in a way 19. A. evolution B. consumption C. motion D. progression 20. A. strengthened B. marked C. decorated D. crossed 21. A. for B. among C. against D. of 22. A. considered B. permitted C. willed D. forced 23. A. level B. parallel C. opposite D. equal 24. A. Fortunately B. Reluctantly C. Intentionally D. Unconsciously 25. A. broke out B. broke down C. broke in D. broke through 26. A. loosened B. tightened C. warmed D. relaxed 27. A. hopeful B. desperate C. common D. ordinary 28. A. died B. followed C. returned D. worsened 29. A. declined B. spiderwebbed C. melted D. accumulated 30. A. flexible B. flat C. twisted D. bent 31. A. rushing B. sliding C. inching D. diving 32. A. losing track of B. losing control of C. taking note of D. running out of 33. A. numb B. warm C. smooth D. free 34. A. raise B. wave C. shake D. pull 35. A. Panic B. Relief C. Regret D. Pride 第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Maya (玛雅人) were good at math. They counted in groups of 20, not 10. They wrote numbers in columns going up. The bottom row was the “1s” column, the next row up was 20s, then 400s, and so on. For digits, they used a dot for 1, a line for 5, and a shell shape to show zero. Numbers 1 to 19 were written with a combination of lines and dots. The Maya also kept three different calendars. The first divided the year into 18 months of 20 days each, plus a short month of 5 days. The short month was believed to be unlucky, a time when spirits walked. The second calendar repeated every 260 days. This was used to plan celebrations and predict future. This calendar counted 13 months of 20 days each. Each date had its own set of 3 symbols (day, month, and year). When talking about events long ago, they used a calendar called the “long count.” This covered about 5,125 years. Year 1 on this calendar was 3114 BCE on our calendar. Each city and village had a calendar keeper, who was in charge of saying when to celebrate holidays and when to expect rain or plant crops. But farmers could probably also tell the time of the year from the sun and stars. 36. How many pumpkins did the Maya village harvest according to Figure 3? A. 114. B. 409. C. 414. D. 439. 37. Why did the Maya regard the short month of 5 days as unlucky? A. It was too short to plant crops. B. People thought spirits appeared then. C. It didn’t belong to any of their calendars. D. It broke the rule of 20 days per month. 38. What could the “long count” calendar be used for? A. Marking the unlucky days. B. Recording ancient events. C. Dividing the year into 18 months. D. Predicting and making future plans. 39. Which learning project would this text be most suitable for? A. Design a travel plan to the Maya ruins B. Write a report on the Maya agriculture C. Give a presentation on Maya artistic symbols D. Make a poster of Maya scientific achievements 40. What can we infer about the calendar keeper? A. He determined important time arrangements for the village. B. He mainly taught farmers to observe the sun and stars. C. He created three kinds of calendars for all Maya cities. D. He could predict every natural disaster perfectly. B At dinnertime, if I’m anywhere near my favourite restaurant, there’s not a chance you can talk me into going somewhere else — I want to eat at China Fun. Actually, I have been eating at this restaurant for 17 years. Don’t get me wrong, trying new things is great, and I love exploring. But the pressure to always keep trying new things ignores the satisfaction of finding our loves and keeping on loving them. That’s why I dislike pop-up restaurants. I’d much rather invest my time and money in a place that will still be here next month, working my way through the menu to find my favourite dishes, and figuring out which is the best table. In a chaotic world, being a regular makes me feel that there are always places where things stay the same. In my mental map of the city, I mark all my favourites — cute bookshops, hidden gardens, and the hotdog stand that’s open only at weekends. To be a regular is to let a place become a character in your life. The act of returning builds connection, and a sense of being at home as you settle in and share a nod with the waiter before he asks if you’ll be having the usual. Some things just get better the more you do them. While relaxing weekends offer the promise of finding country paths for a wander, I would prefer revisiting a beloved walking route as the seasons turn, noticing the subtle (微妙的) changes in the same place. I’ve walked along the Thames a hundred times, but the banks look different each time as the tides move to reveal or conceal (隐藏). It feels like spending time with a friend. The river is alive, and each time we meet, we grow closer. I discovered a little local café recently. After several visits, Kirsty, the resident café cat, has finally started acknowledging my presence. The other repeat customers have also started nodding at me. They were here first and this is their café. Now they seem to be saying, “Have a seat, stay a while, and come back soon.” 41. What does the author’s restaurant preference show? A. He is a creature of habit. B. He is strictly self - disciplined. C. He loves exploring new things. D. He favours Asian cuisine most. 42. What does the underlined word “character” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Reward. B. Souvenir. C. Symbol. D. Companion. 43. How does the author find the walking route along the Thames? A. Crowded but comforting. B. Familiar but refreshing. C. Winding but approachable. D. Exhausting but adventurous. 44. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The café only welcomes regular local visitors. B. The author feels accepted as a regular in the café. C. Kirsty the cat is unfriendly to new customers. D. The café is too small to hold more people. 45. What message does this text mainly convey? A. Satisfaction exists in the present. B. Shared experiences build bonds. C. Possibilities hide in the unknown. D. Repeat visits deepen appreciation. C Chinese scientists have developed a new refrigeration method that solves a long-standing challenge in cooling technology. Published in Nature, the study responds to rising energy demands in applications ranging from food preservation to data center cooling. Traditional vapor-compression systems consume vast amounts of electricity and rely on harmful refrigerants. In China, refrigeration accounts for nearly 20% of the nation’s electricity use and 7.8% of its carbon emissions. While solid-state cooling avoids harmful gases, it suffers from poor heat transfer, limiting its real-world application. Led by Professor Li Bing from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research team overcame this by combining solid cooling effects with liquid flow. They used a common, non-toxic salt whose dissolution (溶解) in water absorbs large amounts of heat. Conversely, applying pressure causes the salt to come out and release heat. Cycling this pressure achieves continuous cooling. “Unlike traditional solid methods, where heat moves slowly, our system integrates the refrigerant and heat-transfer medium into a single liquid,” Li said. “This solves the ‘impossible triangle’ — achieving low pollution, strong cooling, and fast heat transfer all at once.” Lab tests showed a temperature drop of nearly 30°C in just 20 seconds at room temperature, and up to 54°C at higher temperatures — significantly outperforming existing solid coolers. A prototype cycle achieved a cooling capacity of 67 joules per gram with nearly 77% efficiency. The system also proved stable, reversible, and instantly responsive to pressure changes. “This technology moves beyond traditional refrigeration principles,” Li added. “By turning the coolant into a fluid, it opens the door to high - performance, zero-emission cooling for homes and industry.” He noted the method’s strong high-temperature performance makes it an ideal candidate for heat management in next-generation AI computing facilities. While engineering challenges remain, especially in achieving rapidly switchable pressure cycles. While the principle could be adapted to other materials for diverse cooling needs. 46. What is the main problem with traditional solid-state cooling systems? A. They transfer heat poorly. B. They produce harmful gases. C. They fail at high temperature. D. They use too much electricity. 47. What is the key innovation of the new cooling method? A. Using salt instead of chemical refrigerants. B. Increasing pressure inside traditional systems. C. Replacing pressure cycles with continuous flow. D. Combining solid cooling with liquid heat transfer. 48. Why does the author mention the “impossible triangle” in the text? A. To highlight the value of the new system. B. To illustrate the design of the new system. C. To explain why old systems are still in use. D. To show the limitations of previous systems. 49. What does Li Bing see as a promising application of the new technology? A. Preserving food in supply chains. B. Replacing traditional home refrigerators. C. Cooling future AI data centers. D. Achieving rapidly switchable pressure cycles. 50. What can we infer about the new refrigeration technology? A. It has already been widely used in industry. B. It balances cooling effect, efficiency and environmental friendliness. C. It completely gets rid of the use of any liquid materials. D. Its high efficiency means no further engineering research is needed. D Early fifth-century philosopher St. Augustine famously wrote that he knew what time was unless someone asked him. Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies depending on where you measure it. Today’s state-of-the-art atomic (原子的) clocks have proven Einstein right. Even advanced physics can’t decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends on the question you’re asking. Forget about time as an absolute. What if, instead of considering time in terms of astronomy, we related time to ecology? What if we allowed environmental conditions to set the tempo (节奏) of human life? We’re increasingly aware of the fact that we can’t control Earth systems with engineering alone, and realizing that we need to moderate (调节) our actions if we hope to live in balance. What if our definition of time reflected that? Recently, I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that’s connected to circumstances on our planet, conditions that might change as a result of global warming. We’re now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes. We’ve programmed it to match an atomic clock if the waterways continue to flow at their present rate. If the rivers run faster in the future on average, the clock will get ahead of standard time. If they run slower, you’ll see the opposite effect. The clock registers both short-term irregularities and long-term trends in river dynamics. It’s a sort of observatory that reveals how the rivers are behaving from their own temporal frame (时间框架), and allows us to witness those changes on our smartwatches or phones. Anyone who opts to go on Alaska Mean River Time will live in in harmony with the planet. Anyone who considers river time in relation to atomic time will encounter a major imbalance and may be motivated to counteract it by consuming less fuel or supporting greener policies. Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars, early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena. In pre-Classical Greece, for instance, people “corrected” official calendars by shifting dates forward or backward to reflect the change of season. Temporal connection to the environment was vital to their survival. Likewise, river time and other timekeeping systems we’re developing may encourage environmental awareness. When St. Augustine admitted his inability to define time, he highlighted one of time’s most noticeable qualities: Time becomes meaningful only in a defined context. Any timekeeping system is valid, and each is as praiseworthy as its purpose. 51. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. Timekeeping is increasingly related to nature. B. Everyone can define time on their own terms. C. The qualities of time vary with how you measure it. D. Time is a major concern of philosophers and scientists. 52. The author raises three questions in Paragraph 2 mainly to ________. A. present an assumption B. evaluate an argument C. highlight an experiment D. introduce an approach 53. What can we know about the new river clock? A. It mainly records seasonal changes of rivers. B. It runs faster when rivers flow more slowly. C. It can show both instant and long-term river changes. D. It has already been widely used in people’s daily life. 54. What can we learn from this passage? A. Those who do not go on river time will live an imbalanced life. B. New ways of measuring time can help to control Earth systems. C. Atomic time will get ahead of river time if the rivers run slower. D. Modern technology may help to shape the rivers’ temporal frame. 55. What is the author’s attitude towards the new river timekeeping system? A. Doubtful. B. Favourable. C. Uncaring. D. Cautious. 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 When I slowly opened the front door, my sister ran after our brother, screaming for her doll back. “I have five siblings(brothers and sisters),” I said to my new neighbor, Michelle, a girl of my age. I led her to my bedroom. It was not big but I had to share it with my two sisters. When it was time for dinner, Michelle went back to her house with reluctance (不情愿). She called me the next day, and I happily accepted her invitation to go to her house. Soon, I was standing at her front door, ringing the bell. A woman answered. “Hello,” she said. “Michelle is upstairs.” I thought that she couldn’t be her mother. Michelle’s bedroom was more like a princess’s, complete with a king-size bed and a lot of toys I had never seen. How I wished I had such a room of my own! When I asked her about the woman downstairs, Michelle explained to me that she was her nanny (保姆), Marion. Then we played together and had a wonderful time. I went over to Michelle’s almost every day that summer. I loved being in her clean room. There were no chores, no siblings annoying us, and no parents constantly nagging (唠叨) us. But Michelle told me that her own parents were rarely at home, and her nanny rarely talked to her. One day, we spent all afternoon playing a video game and forgot the time. My mom called and asked me to have dinner. I looked over at Michelle, rolling my eyes as I begged my mom to let me miss dinner. But that was not a battle I was going to win. “Fine, Mom, I’ll be home in five minutes,” I said. Suddenly, an idea popped into my mind. “Wait, Mom!” I said. “Can Michelle have dinner with us tonight?” There was no extra chair, so we had to share one chair. But Michelle didn’t mind. Her eyes shined as she looked around at our table, talking excitedly with my sisters. When our meal was finished, she turned to me and whispered, “You’re so lucky to have such a big family.” I looked over at my siblings; they were jumping up and down. My parents were making coffee. Suddenly, my house—my crowded, messy, loud house—seemed like a paradise. 56. Why did Michelle call the author the next day? (no more than 8 words)​ ___________________________________________________________________________ 57. How did the author feel after going into Michelle’s bedroom? (no more than 5 words)​ ___________________________________________________________________________ 58. What was Michelle’s home like? (no more than 10 words)​ ___________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 6 mean? (no more than 2 words)​ ___________________________________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of the author’s family? And why? (no more than 20 words) ___________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 61. 你是高三学生李津，你校的校报专栏“Picture Talk”提供了两幅图片，并向广大师生征文。你有感而发，想向专栏投稿。你的文章必须包括： 1. 对图片的简要描述； 2. 你的看法。 注意： 词数不少于100(开头已给出，不计入总词数)； 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 文中不要出现真实校名和姓名。 As a Senior Three student, these two pictures deeply resonate with me.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $