精品解析：重庆市第八中学校2025-2026学年高二下学期阶段检测二英语试题

重庆八中高2027届高二(下)阶段性检测(二) 英 语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. How will the man probably get to the town? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By bike. 2. Who is the woman reading about now? A. Neil Armstrong. B. Picasso. C. Napoleon. 3. Where did the woman work last Friday? A. At a café. B. In the office. C. At home. 4. What is the woman probably good at? A. Chess. B. Cards. C. Football. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their biology teacher. B. The pet of the class. C. The woman's parents. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the man calling? A. To ask the opening hours. B. To join a club. C. To buy tickets. 7. What is the man concerned about? A. Whether the time suits him. B. Whether the activity changes. C. Whether his kid is allowed to get in. 听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8. What is important to the woman? A. A fancy hotel. B. Adventurous activities. C. A private beach. 9. What will the company teach the speakers? A. How to surf. B. How to dive. C. How to drive a boat. 10. What will the man do next? A. Make a phone call. B. Book flight tickets. C. Pack for their holiday. 听第 8 段材料,回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Husband and wife. C. Host and guest. 12. When is the interview scheduled? A. On Tuesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Wednesday. 13. What is special about today? A. It is the man's birthday. B. Staff received a pay raise. C. The new engineers arrived. 听第 9 段材料,回答第 14 至 16 题。 14. What did people believe a few centuries ago? A. That Earth was a flat planet. B. That Pluto was not a planet. C. That Jupiter was made of rock. 15. How does the man feel about the presentation at the end? A. Confused. B. Nervous. C. Confident. 16. Where are the speakers now? A. In the museum. B. In the computer lab. C. In the school café. 听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. How will the weather be like in Russia tomorrow? A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Rainy. 18. Where does the speaker live? A. In Spain. B. In France. C. In Italy. 19. What is the speaker mainly concerned about? A. The risk for wildlife. B. The pollution in cities. C. The damage to farms. 20. What is the next news about? A. Recovery of local businesses. B. Action against climate change. C. Development of global economy. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A With midterms and finals nearing, finding time to work out between all the studying and classes can be a challenge. But who says you must choose between studying and working out? This study break exercise routine is all you need to stay on track for your fitness goals. Better yet, it’s just 5 minutes long. How It Works For every hour of studying, take a 5-minute break to get up and move your body. This routine is filled with light cardio, bodyweight exercises, and dynamic stretches to wake your body up and prepare it for your next period of studying. This routine may be short but do it enough times throughout the day and the calories will add up! Routine Details 5 Minute Study Break Exercise Add Mindfulness Although you will benefit regardless of how well you perform the exercises, adding mindfulness can make it even more effective: Pay Attention: Notice the sensations in your body as you move and stretch. Breathe: Match movements to your breath — breathe in as you prepare, breathe out as you stretch or apply force. Be Gentle: Don't force stretches. Move within a comfortable range. Focusing on your body for these few minutes helps calm the mind. 1. Which two activities share the same duration? A. Squats and Upper Back Stretch. B. Shoulder Rolls and Reach Overs. C. Jumping Jacks and Neck Circles. D. Knee March and Hamstring Hang. 2. What is highly recommended to learn the moves? A. Sending a feedback email. B. Calling a fitness center. C. Seeking a workout partner. D. Watching a guided video. 3. Which can improve the workout results? A. Taking deep breaths in between. B. Rushing through the entire routine. C. Pairing movement with mental focus. D. Pushing each move to the maximum. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了一款备考间隙可用的5分钟短时健身计划，说明了锻炼使用规则、各项目时长安排、学习动作的途径，还介绍了搭配正念训练提升锻炼效果的方法。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格内容“30 SECONDS JUMPING JACKS、30 SECONDS NECK CIRCLES. (开合跳30秒，颈部环绕30秒。)”可知，Jumping Jacks与Neck Circles时长一致。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文表格下方“Follow our demonstration on fitness YOUTUBE CHANNEL (quick and direct). (在健身YOUTUBE频道观看我们的示范视频，快捷直观。)”可知，观看指导视频是学习动作的推荐方式。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Add Mindfulness部分“Although you will benefit regardless of how well you perform the exercises, adding mindfulness can make it even more effective. (无论锻炼完成质量如何你都能获益，加入正念训练可以让锻炼效果更佳。)” 以及后续专注身体感受、配合呼吸的内容可知，将动作与精神专注相结合可以改善锻炼效果。 B After ten years in London, I recently relocated to Berlin, and as is customary when making new friends, the question “Where are you from?” tends to come up. My honest answer would be, “I don’t really know.” The truth is, most of us TCKs (Third Culture Kids) — a term coined to describe “children who move between cultures before they have had the opportunity to fully develop their personal and cultural identity” — had no choice growing up but to follow our parents around the world. We’d often be told, “Pack your bags, kids. We’re moving!” and in the blink of an eye, everything would change. By the time I was 18, I had changed schools 10 times, moved countries at least 6 times, acquired a confusing accent, and developed both a love of travel and a desire for stability. Being an Indonesian-Italian, I often felt an identity crisis weighing on me in my teens. Moving to a new country after spending ten years in the UK — the longest I have lived anywhere — has brought back feelings of this cultural confusion. Growing up as a TCK isn’t as charming as many people would expect. It is both a blessing and a curse (诅咒), beautiful but unpredictable, and full of adventures. This lack of roots and stability will likely cause issues later in life. Yet kids are adaptable. After overcoming culture shock, you start to adjust and see the bigger picture. You learn that the world is much bigger than you, and that your problems are small. You also learn responsibility, respect different beliefs, and form your own opinions. Making friends and then losing touch teaches you that everything is temporary. Growing up as a TCK, you rarely realize how adaptable you are, until your older friends often comment on how “wise and mature” you are for your age. Travelling from a young age opens your eyes beyond “Hypernormalization”. It teaches that diversity is nothing to be afraid of. Growing up as a TCK was tough, but I wouldn’t trade it for anything. It has shaped me to be the person that I am today — an actual “citizen of the world”. 4. How does the author usually respond to “Where are you from”? A. By stating her nationality directly. B. By admitting her uncertainty honestly. C. By explaining the TCK concept briefly. D. By describing her experiences in detail. 5. What does the author say about TCKs’ childhood? A. They enjoyed planning their moves. B. They resisted their parents’ decisions. C. They maintained their personal lifestyle. D. They were forced to adapt to sudden changes. 6. Which of the following can best describe TCKs’ experiences? A. Tough and confusing. B. Peaceful and predictable. C. Routine but eye-opening. D. Adventurous but beneficial. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Growing up as a TCK B. Challenges for Migration C. How to Become a Global Citizen D. How to Adapt to Diverse Cultures 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章结合作者的经历讲述第三文化孩子（TCKs）的成长经历、面临的困惑及这种经历对他们的积极影响。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“After ten years in London, I recently relocated to Berlin, and as is customary when making new friends, the question “Where are you from?” tends to come up. My honest answer would be, “I don’t really know.”(在伦敦生活了十年后，我最近搬到了柏林。就像结交新朋友时的惯例一样，“你来自哪里？”这个问题往往会被问到。我诚实的回答是：“我真的不知道。”)”可知，作者在被问到“你来自哪里？”时，会诚实地承认自己的不确定。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The truth is, most of us TCKs (Third Culture Kids) — a term coined to describe “children who move between cultures before they have had the opportunity to fully develop their personal and cultural identity” — had no choice growing up but to follow our parents around the world. We’d often be told, “Pack your bags, kids. We’re moving!” and in the blink of an eye, everything would change.(事实是，我们大多数第三文化孩子（TCKs）——这个术语被创造出来描述“在有机会充分发展个人和文化认同之前在不同文化之间移动的孩子”——在成长过程中别无选择，只能跟随父母环游世界。我们经常会被告知：“孩子们，收拾好你们的行李。我们要搬家了！”转眼间，一切都会改变)”可知，第三文化孩子（TCKs）的童年被迫适应突如其来的变化。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It is both a blessing and a curse (诅咒), beautiful but unpredictable, and full of adventures.(它既是一种祝福也是一种诅咒，美好却不可预测，充满了冒险)”以及最后一段中的“Growing up as a TCK was tough, but I wouldn’t trade it for anything. It has shaped me to be the person that I am today — an actual “citizen of the world”.(作为一名第三文化孩子长大很艰难，但我无论如何都不会交换这段经历。它塑造了今天的我——一个真正的“世界公民”)”可知，第三文化孩子（TCKs）的经历充满冒险且有益处。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，并结合根据第二段“The truth is, most of us TCKs (Third Culture Kids) — a term coined to describe “children who move between cultures before they have had the opportunity to fully develop their personal and cultural identity” — had no choice growing up but to follow our parents around the world. We’d often be told, “Pack your bags, kids. We’re moving!” and in the blink of an eye, everything would change.(事实是，我们大多数第三文化孩子（TCKs）——这个术语被创造出来描述“在有机会充分发展个人和文化认同之前在不同文化之间移动的孩子”——在成长过程中别无选择，只能跟随父母环游世界。我们经常会被告知：“孩子们，收拾好你们的行李。我们要搬家了！”转眼间，一切都会改变)”和第三段“By the time I was 18, I had changed schools 10 times, moved countries at least 6 times, acquired a confusing accent, and developed both a love of travel and a desire for stability. Being an Indonesian-Italian, I often felt an identity crisis weighing on me in my teens.(等到18岁时，我已经换了10所学校，辗转了至少6个国家，口音变得不伦不类，既爱上了旅行，又渴望安稳。作为印尼与意大利混血，我在青少年时期常常深陷身份认同危机)”可知，文章围绕第三文化孩子（TCKs）的成长经历展开，介绍了他们童年的无奈、成长中的困惑以及这段经历带来的积极影响，核心是“作为第三文化孩子的成长过程”。结合选项，A项“Growing up as a TCK(作为第三文化孩子长大)”最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 C On a summer afternoon, the surface of a black asphalt (沥青) roof can reach 85°C — hot enough to fry an egg. These dark surfaces absorb most of the sunlight that hits them, turning cities into dangerous “heat islands.” During a severe heatwave, this extra warmth pushes already high temperatures several degrees higher, leading to hundreds of avoidable deaths each year. The solution, some urban planners argue, lies on top of our buildings. Reflective roofs, also called “cool roofs,” are painted white or coated with special materials that bounce back up to 85% of incoming sunlight. By contrast, a standard dark roof reflects only about 20%. Buildings with cool roofs stay cooler inside, reducing air conditioning use by 15‒30%. On a citywide scale, this means lower electricity bills, fewer power plant emissions, and most importantly, safer streets during extreme heat events. Los Angeles became an early adopter. In 2013, the city required all new flat roofs to be cool roofs and started coating existing rooftops with a white, reflective sealant. Satellite images taken five years later showed that surface temperatures in coated areas dropped by an average of 2.5℃. The city also noticed something unexpected: residents living near cool roofs reported improved sleep quality, as the reflective coating reduced nighttime heat release from buildings. Despite clear benefits, cool roofs face barriers in the city. Older buildings with tar and gravel roofs are expensive to retrofit. Some homeowners complain that white roofs show dirt easily, reducing reflectivity over time. Meanwhile, winter cooling could increase heating costs. Researchers are developing adaptive coatings that change color with temperature — dark in winter to capture heat, white in summer to reflect it. As one climate resilience expert puts it, “We cannot wait decades to redesign entire cities. Cool roofs are something we can install next month, on the building where you live or work. That is why they are one of our most powerful immediate tools.” 8. How do dark roofs affect cities during heatwaves? A. They put more residents at risk of death. B. They keep buildings cooler during heatwaves. C. They weaken the structure of buildings over time. D. They increase the cost of coating existing rooftops. 9. The word “bounce” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________. A. absorb B. return C. reflect D. send 10. What can be inferred about the reflective sealant used in Los Angeles? A. It produced a positive effect on people’s rest. B. It worked better on new buildings than on old ones. C. It mainly benefited homeowners with new buildings. D. It reduced the need for air conditioning in all coated buildings. 11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Waiting decades to redesign cities is fine. B. Redesigning cities should be our top priority. C. Cool roofs are the best solution for every city. D. Cool roofs are a quick and workable fix. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍凉爽屋顶的作用（降温、省电、减少热浪死亡风险）、实际成效、推广面临的挑战和其作为快速可行方案的价值。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“During a severe heatwave, this extra warmth pushes already high temperatures several degrees higher, leading to hundreds of avoidable deaths each year.(在极端热浪期间，这种额外的热量让本就偏高的气温再上升数度，每年造成数百起本可避免的死亡。)”可知，深色屋顶会提升气温，在热浪期间会使更多居民面临死亡风险。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Reflective roofs, also called “cool roofs,” are painted white or coated with special materials that bounce back up to 85% of incoming sunlight. By contrast, a standard dark roof reflects only about 20%.(反光屋顶又叫凉爽屋顶，被刷成白色或涂抹特殊材料，能bounce回高达85%的入射阳光；相比之下普通深色屋顶仅反射约20%阳光。)”可知，此处把反光屋顶和普通屋顶进行对比，指出普通深色屋顶仅反射约20%的阳光，而反光屋顶能反射回85%的阳光，bounce和reflect同义，意为“反射”。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“residents living near cool roofs reported improved sleep quality, as the reflective coating reduced nighttime heat release from buildings.(住在凉爽屋顶附近的居民报告说，由于反射涂层减少了建筑物夜间的热量释放，他们的睡眠质量得到了改善。)”可推知，这种密封涂料对人们的休息产生积极作用。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As one climate resilience expert puts it, “We cannot wait decades to redesign entire cities. Cool roofs are something we can install next month, on the building where you live or work. That is why they are one of our most powerful immediate tools.”(正如一位气候适应专家所说，‘我们不能等上几十年才重新设计整个城市。我们下个月就可以在你居住或工作的地方安装凉爽的屋顶。这就是为什么它们是我们最强大的即时工具之一。’)”可知，本段主要说明凉爽屋顶是一种快速且可行的解决方案。 D For generations, parents and teachers have warned children against daydreaming, calling it a waste of time. However, recent cognitive neuroscience research suggests otherwise. Rather than being a sign of distraction, daydreaming may represent a unique mental state where creativity and future planning flourish. The key lies in the brain’s default mode network (DMN), a set of regions that becomes active when people are not focused on external tasks. Far from being idle, the DMN allows the brain to make remote associations between seemingly unrelated ideas. In a 2021 study, participants who completed a tedious button-pressing task followed by a rest period showed 40% more creative solutions on subsequent problems than those who moved directly to a second demanding task. The rest period, during which minds naturally wandered, allowed the DMN to secure memories and generate novel connections. Critics of deliberate mind-wandering point to its obvious risks. Students who daydream during lectures miss critical information. Drivers whose attention drifts pose safety dangers. Yet researchers distinguish between two types: unintentional mind-wandering, often triggered by boredom or tiredness, and intentional mind-wandering, where individuals consciously allow their thoughts to flow while remaining able to return to the task when needed. The latter, when practiced under appropriate conditions, carries creative benefits without significant costs. Workplace studies support this distinction. Employees given regular short breaks for “structured daydreaming” — reflecting on personal goals or imagining future scenarios — reported higher job satisfaction and produced more innovative ideas than those following continuous work schedules. Interestingly, the most creative workers surveyed exhibited not fewer but more frequent episodes of intentional mind-wandering during low-stakes tasks such as data entry or routine emails. The implication is not that students should abandon focus during exams or drivers should lose attention on highways. Rather, the research suggests rethinking the cultural bias against daydreaming. Periods of mental wandering, when deliberately employed in safe and low-demand situations, act as a hidden engine for innovation. Learning to control when and where the mind wanders may be as valuable as learning to focus it. 12. What does recent research suggest about daydreaming? A. It serves a useful brain function. B. It only happens when the mind is idle. C. It helps the brain process external tasks. D. It improves the ability to focus for long periods. 13. What did the 2021 study find about participants who rested? A. They felt less mentally tired. B. They showed more creativity later. C. They showed higher job satisfaction. D. They performed better on memory tests. 14. What can be inferred about intentional mind-wandering? A. It may bring safety dangers. B. It may be common during low-stakes tasks. C. It prevents one from returning to the task. D. It reduces mental tiredness after demanding work. 15. What does the author suggest about daydreaming? A. Practice it to reduce mental tiredness. B. Apply it to boost creativity in all tasks. C. Use it as a replacement for focused work. D. Let your mind wander on purpose during easy work. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了认知神经科学对走神现象的新发现，并区分了无意走神和有意走神，指出在适当条件下有意走神可以带来创造性收益。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“However, recent cognitive neuroscience research suggests otherwise. Rather than being a sign of distraction, daydreaming may represent a unique mental state where creativity and future planning flourish. (然而，最近的认知神经科学研究表明情况并非如此。走神并不是分心的表现，而可能代表一种独特的心理状态，在这种状态下创造力和未来规划得以蓬勃发展。)”可知，最近的研究表明走神具有有用的脑功能，促进创造力和未来规划。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“In a 2021 study, participants who completed a tedious button-pressing task followed by a rest period showed 40% more creative solutions on subsequent problems than those who moved directly to a second demanding task. (在2021年的一项研究中，完成了枯燥的按键任务后接着进行休息的参与者，在后续问题上表现出的创造性解决方案比那些直接进入第二项高要求任务的参与者多出40%。)”可知，休息了的参与者在后续任务中表现出更强的创造力。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Interestingly, the most creative workers surveyed exhibited not fewer but more frequent episodes of intentional mind-wandering during low-stakes tasks such as data entry or routine emails. (有趣的是，接受调查的最具创造力的员工在数据录入或日常邮件等低风险任务中，表现出的不是更少而是更频繁的有意走神行为。)”可知，有意走神在低风险任务中很常见，尤其是在有创造力的员工身上。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Periods of mental wandering, when deliberately employed in safe and low-demand situations, act as a hidden engine for innovation. Learning to control when and where the mind wanders may be as valuable as learning to focus it. (在安全和低要求的情况下有意地让思维游荡，会成为创新的隐藏引擎。学会控制思维在何时何地游荡，可能与学会集中注意力一样有价值。)”可知，作者建议在低要求的任务或简单任务中可以有意识地让思维神游，这是具有价值的。因此，作者建议在简单工作时有意地让思维神游。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Experts constantly remind us that drinking enough water is absolutely important in order for our bodies to function properly. ____16____ Though most people worry more about getting dehydrated (脱水), drinking too much water can be dangerous. ____17____, you may be drinking too much water. Constantly adding water to your body can result in low sodium (钠) levels in your blood, which can cause all of the cells in your body to swell. What’s more, this can become particularly dangerous when your brain starts to swell. The best way to know if your body really needs more water is to be consciously aware of whether or not you actually feel thirsty. Our bodies are so programmed to fight against dehydration because we’ve always been living in fear of not having enough, so we have all of these built-in mechanisms to protect us against that. Thirst is every body’s individual monitor that lets them know if they need more. The more water you need, the thirstier you get. ____18____ You may be drinking too much water if you find yourself often waking up in the middle of the night to use the bathroom. ____19____ If you find yourself urinating (尿) more than ten times a day, you may be drinking more water than your body needs. To prevent nighttime urination, have your last glass of water a couple hours before bed to give your kidneys time to filter the water through your body. Your kidneys are responsible for filtering the water you drink through your body. When you drink too much water, your kidneys have to work even harder, creating a stressful reaction from your hormones that leaves your body stressed and tired. ____20____, it may be because you’ve added unneeded stress to your kidneys. A. And it is — unless you drink too much of it. B. Surely you have to drink water as much as you can. C. Most people urinate between six and eight times a day. D. These are the reasons you may not be aware of for being thirsty. E. If you take some water with you in the day but empty it in the night F. If you’re constantly drinking water and find yourself struggling to get out of bed G. If you carry around your water bottle all day and immediately refill it when it is empty 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文主要说明了喝水过量可能带来的健康风险，包括血液钠含量过低、细胞肿胀（尤其是脑部）、肾脏负担加重以及频繁夜尿等，并指出应依据口渴感饮水而非盲目大量饮水。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Experts constantly remind us that drinking enough water is absolutely important in order for our bodies to function properly.(专家不断提醒我们，足量饮水对身体正常运转至关重要)”以及下文“Though most people worry more about getting dehydrated (脱水), drinking too much water can be dangerous.(尽管大多数人更担心脱水，但饮水过量也存在危险)”可知，上文强调足量喝水很重要，下文转折提出过量饮水有危害，空处承接上文、引出转折。选项A“And it is — unless you drink too much of it.(确实如此——除非你饮水过量)”承接前文喝水有益，用unless转折引出后文过量饮水有害。 【17题详解】 根据下文“you may be drinking too much water(你可能喝水过量了)”以及后文介绍过量喝水导致血钠偏低、细胞浮肿可知，空处应是一种可能导致喝水过多的行为。选项G“If you carry around your water bottle all day and immediately refill it when it is empty.(如果你整天随身带着水杯，一空就马上续水)”是饮水过多的日常行为表现，符合举例饮水过量的情景，引出后文过量饮水的危害。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Our bodies are so programmed to fight against dehydration because we’ve always been living in fear of not having enough, so we have all of these built-in mechanisms to protect us against that. Thirst is every body’s individual monitor that lets them know if they need more. The more water you need, the thirstier you get. (我们的身体天生就会与脱水作斗争，因为我们一直生活在对缺水的恐惧中，所以我们有这些内在的机制来保护我们免受脱水的影响。口渴是每个人的个人监视器，让他们知道自己是否需要更多。你需要的水越多，你就会越渴。)”可知，整段围绕口渴机制、身体缺水预警展开，强调口渴是身体提示需要补水的自然机制；选项D“These are the reasons you may not be aware of for being thirsty.(这些就是你可能不曾了解的口渴的原因)”总结前文，概括前文口渴作为缺水提示的相关原理。 【19题详解】 根据上文“You may be drinking too much water if you find yourself often waking up in the middle of the night to use the bathroom.(如果你发现自己经常在半夜醒来去洗手间，你可能喝了太多的水。)”以及下文“If you find yourself urinating (尿) more than ten times a day, you may be drinking more water than your body needs.(如果你发现自己一天小便超过10次，你可能是喝了超过身体需要的水。)”可知，上下文围绕排尿次数判断饮水量，下文提示每日十次以上超标，中间应补充正常排尿次数的信息。选项C“Most people urinate between six and eight times a day.(大多数人一天排尿6至8次)”给出正常数值，和后文超标数据形成对比 【20题详解】 根据上文“When you drink too much water, your kidneys have to work even harder, creating a stressful reaction from your hormones that leaves your body stressed and tired.(当你喝太多水时，你的肾脏不得不更加努力地工作，从你的荷尔蒙中产生压力反应，让你的身体感到压力和疲倦。)”以及下文“it may be because you’ve added unneeded stress to your kidneys(这可能是因为你给肾脏增加了不必要的压力)”可知，空处说明身体疲惫的现象，后文解释诱因。选项F“If you’re constantly drinking water and find yourself struggling to get out of bed.(如果你频繁喝水，还感觉起床费劲。)”体现身体疲惫，衔接后文肾脏超负荷导致疲累的原因，符合语境。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分55分) 第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was on the way to my father’s house. The constant drizzle made my driving a little ____21____. Suddenly, my car began fishtailing and ____22____ toward a bank where it rolled over three times. Passing drivers ____23____ to help. A nurse appeared and ____24____ my neck and someone called 911. The fire department arrived, and, with much ____25____, removed me from the vehicle. Soon, I learned I had broken my back and neck and would need to be transported to another hospital equipped to handle serious ____26____. The doctors there ordered a plastic body cast (全身石膏) to be made for me. When I was finally discharged, I was told to keep the body cast on for four months. I had always been active, so being restricted was completely ____27____ to me. I felt like I had lost ____28____ of my life. I decided to get my life back. I began physical therapy and after ____29____ forty days, I returned to my job, ____30____ my body cast underneath my clothes. While I had to limit how I moved, I could function fairly _____31_____. When the body cast ____32____, I continued physical therapy and was doing yoga within one year. I never ____33____ my ability to recover. I always kept my eyes on the ____34____, which was regaining my normal activities, even though I couldn’t do all the things in ____35____ the same way I did before. I was fortunate to be alive and to have the ability to do what I could still do. 21. A. thrilling B. challenging C. refreshing D. boring 22. A. headed B. jumped C. pointed D. leaned 23. A. sped up B. broke down C. pulled over D. watched out 24. A. rubbed B. turned C. grabbed D. stabilized 25. A. effort B. amusement C. kindness D. compromise 26. A. accidents B. injuries C. consequences D. crises 27. A. accessible B. harmful C. engaging D. foreign 28. A. track B. control C. sight D. count 29. A. gaining B. recording C. missing D. lasting 30. A. wearing B. abandoning C. improving D. restoring 31. A. automatically B. quickly C. normally D. tirelessly 32. A. carried on B. turned around C. ran out D. came off 33. A. developed B. doubted C. overestimated D. recognized 34. A. prize B. talent C. cost D. health 35. A. slightly B. basically C. exactly D. typically 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者车祸后积极康复重获生活的经历。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：连绵不断的细雨让我的驾驶有点困难。A. thrilling令人兴奋的；B. challenging有挑战性的，困难的；C. refreshing令人耳目一新的；D. boring无聊的。根据上文“The constant drizzle”和后文“my car began fishtailing”可知，细雨会让驾驶变得困难，车开始打滑。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我的车开始打滑，向一个斜坡冲去，翻了三圈。A. headed朝……行进；B. jumped跳；C. pointed指向；D. leaned倾斜。根据上文“my car began fishtailing”和后文“toward a bank where it rolled over three times”可知，车开始打滑，朝斜坡冲去。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：路过的司机停车来帮忙。A. sped up加速；B. broke down出故障；C. pulled over靠边停车；D. watched out小心。根据前文“Passing drivers”和后文“to help”以及常识可知，路过的司机靠边停车来帮忙。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名护士出现了，固定住我的脖子，有人拨打了911。A. rubbed摩擦；B. turned转动；C. grabbed抓住；D. stabilized固定。根据后文“my neck”以及“I learned I had broken my back and neck”可知，颈部受伤时需避免移动，stabilized体现“固定颈部以防二次伤害”，符合急救常识。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：消防队赶到了，费了好大的劲才把我从车里救出来。A. effort努力；B. amusement娱乐；C. kindness善良；D. compromise妥协。根据上文“The fire department arrived, and, with much”以及后文“removed me from the vehicle”可知，消防队费了好大的劲才把作者从车里救出来。with much effort表示“费了很大劲”，符合“艰难救援”的语境。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我就知道我摔断了背和脖子，需要被转移到另一家有能力处理严重伤害的医院。A. accidents事故；B. injuries伤害；C. consequences结果；D. crises危机。根据上文“I had broken my back and neck”可知，作者摔断了背和脖子，需要被转移到另一家有能力处理严重伤害的医院。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直很活跃，所以行动受限对我来说完全是陌生的。A. accessible可到达的；B. harmful有害的；C. engaging迷人的；D. foreign陌生的。根据上文“I had always been active, so being restricted was completely”可知，作者一直很活跃，所以被限制是完全陌生的生活。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己的生活仿佛失控了。A. track轨道；B. control控制；C. sight视力；D. count计数。根据上文“I had always been active, so being restricted was completely”和下文“I decided to get my life back.”可知，作者一直很活跃，所以被限制让作者觉得失去了生活的控制权。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始接受物理治疗，在持续了40天后，我回到了工作岗位，衣服下面还穿着全身石膏。A. gaining获得；B. recording记录；C. missing错过；D. lasting持续。根据后文“forty days, I returned to my job”可知，在持续了40天的物理治疗后，作者回到了工作岗位。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wearing穿着；B. abandoning抛弃；C. improving改善；D. restoring恢复。根据后文“my body cast underneath my clothes”可知，作者把全身石膏穿在衣服下面。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然我不得不限制自己的活动方式，但我基本能正常工作。A. automatically自动地；B. quickly快速地；C. normally正常地；D. tirelessly不知疲倦地。根据上文“While I had to limit how I moved, I could function fairly”可知，此处指“基本正常工作”，normally符合“虽有局限但不影响主要功能”的语境。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当身体石膏脱掉后，我继续接受物理治疗，并在一年内开始做瑜伽。A. carried on继续；B. turned around转身；C. ran out用完；D. came off脱落。根据后文“I continued physical therapy and was doing yoga within one year”可知，石膏在恢复后会“拆除”，came off体现“石膏从身上取下”的动作，符合“治疗后期拆除石膏”的流程。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未怀疑过自己恢复的能力。A. developed发展；B. doubted怀疑；C. overestimated高估；D. recognized识别。根据后文“I always kept my eyes on the ____ , which was regaining my normal activities”可知，作者从未怀疑过自己恢复的能力，专注于恢复正常活动。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我始终专注于目标，这个目标就是恢复正常活动，尽管我无法完全像以前那样做所有事情。A. prize奖品，难以争取的重要事物；B. talent才能；C. cost花费；D. health健康。根据后文“which was regaining my normal activities”可知，作者始终专注于目标，希望恢复正常活动。keep one’s eyes on the prize是固定短语，意为 “专注于目标”。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. slightly轻微地；B. basically基本上；C. exactly完全地；D. typically典型地。根据后文“the same way I did before”可知，even though表转折，指“不能完全和以前一样”，exactly体现 “完全一致”，符合“虽恢复但有细微差别”的语境。故选C。 第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下边短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Thursday, the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing ____36____ (reveal) that archaeologists had discovered two sunken ships in the depths of the South China Sea. It offered tangible evidence of commercial and ____37____ (culture) exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. The latest underwater archaeological ____38____ (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology have ____39____ (significant) uncovered important artifacts. In addition to the shipwrecks, a variety of artifacts, including pottery, porcelain and ironware, have been unearthed, most of ____40____ were made in kilns (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital.” The precise locations of the shipwrecks and the associated cultural relics ____41____ (determine) through the use of oceanographic technology and underwater investigations involving manned submersibles, which conducted 41 dives throughout the year, as confirmed by Song Jianzhong, ____42____ researcher at the National Center for Archaeology. The Ming Dynasty’s No.1 shipwreck, ____43____ (measure) 37 meters long and 11 meters wide, has yielded 543 artifacts, suggesting it sailed from Fujian or Guangdong to Southeast Asia trade centers like Malacca. The No. 2 shipwreck dates ____44____ the rule of Emperor Hongzhi and measures about 21 meters long and 8 meters wide. A total of 36 artifacts have been found on it, porcelain and pottery _____45_____ (include). 【答案】36. revealed 37. cultural 38. explorations 39. significantly 40. which 41. were determined 42. a 43. measuring 44. from 45. included 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章主要讲述了中国国家文物局在北京宣布，在南海深处发现了两艘沉船，这些沉船为古代海上丝绸之路的商业和文化交流提供了实物证据。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：周四，位于北京的国家文物局透露，考古学家在南中国海深处发现了两艘沉船。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中on Thursday以及句意可知，此处表示过去发生的事实，故使用一般过去时。故填revealed。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它为古代海上丝绸之路的商业和文化交流提供了实实在在的证据。分析句子，设空处使用culture的形容词cultural作定语，修饰名词，意为“文化的”。故填cultural。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：国家考古中心最近进行的水下考古探索，发现了重要的文物。分析句子，设空处使用explore的名词exploration作主语，意为“探索”，此处表示复数意义。故填explorations。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用significant的副词significantly作状语，修饰动词，意为“重要地，显著地”。故填significantly。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：除了沉船外，还出土了各种各样的文物，包括陶器、瓷器和铁器，其中大部分是在江西省景德镇的窑里制作的，被称为中国的“瓷器之都”。分析句子，设空处与前文的of构成介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是artifacts，为物用which。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：据国家考古中心研究员宋建忠证实，沉船和相关文物的精确位置是通过使用海洋学技术和水下调查确定的，其中包括载人潜水器，全年进行了41次潜水。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句中The precise locations of the shipwrecks and the associated cultural relics与determine之间是被动关系，同时句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were determined。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同上。句中researcher为可数名词，设空处应该使用冠词，此处表示泛指，且researcher首字母为辅音音素。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：明朝第一号沉船，长37米，宽11米，出土了543件文物，表明它从福建或广东航行到马六甲等东南亚贸易中心。分析句子，句中has yielded为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处The Ming Dynasty’s No.1 shipwreck与measure之间是主动关系，measure意为“（重/长/宽）量度为……”，此时该动词为系动词，无被动，此时measure的主动形式含有被动意义，用现在分词作定语。故填measuring。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：二号沉船可以追溯到弘治皇帝统治时期，长约21米，宽约8米。句中date from为固定短语，意为“追溯于，起始于”。故填from。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：其中包括瓷器和陶器在内，共发现了36件文物。分析句子，句中have been found为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处porcelain和pottery与include之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词表示被动作定语。故填included。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节书面表达(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友 Tim给你写信说在社交媒体上看到重庆爆火的视频，其中防空洞火锅引起了他浓厚兴趣。请你结合图片给他回信向他介绍防空洞火锅，并邀请他来重庆亲自感受重庆的魅力。 注意：词数80左右；参考词汇：air-raid shelters 防空洞 bunker hotpot 防空洞火锅 Dear Tim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tim, I’m glad to know that you’re fascinated by bunker hotpot after watching videos online. Originally built as air-raid shelters in old Chongqing, these caves are now transformed into unique hotpot restaurants. The constant cool temperature inside makes it perfect to enjoy spicy hotpot even in the hot summer. Besides authentic, tasty broth and fresh ingredients, you can also feel the special historical atmosphere of Chongqing. I sincerely invite you to Chongqing to taste the delicious bunker hotpot and explore the city’s amazing charm in person. We can also wander around mountain streets and visit local scenic spots together. Looking forward to your arrival. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给外国朋友Tim回信，介绍重庆防空洞火锅并邀请对方亲临重庆体验城市特色。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 独特的：unique → distinctive 诚挚地：sincerely → genuinely 美味的：delicious → mouth-watering 魅力：charm → appeal 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The constant cool temperature inside makes it perfect to enjoy spicy hotpot even in the hot summer. 拓展句：Because the temperature inside stays constantly cool, it is perfect for people to enjoy spicy hotpot even in the hot summer. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m glad to know that you’re fascinated by bunker hotpot after watching videos online. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型 2】Originally built as air-raid shelters in old Chongqing, these caves are now transformed into unique hotpot restaurants. (运用了过去分词built作状语) 第二节读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Our school’s “Help Others” week was approaching, and our team was responsible for organizing a used book donation campaign for a rural partner school. We had five days to plan and carry it out, and everyone was eager to contribute. On Monday morning, our team leader, Mia, brought us together to discuss our roles. There were four of us on the team: Mia, Jenny, Kevin and me. Mia assigned different tasks to each of us based on our strengths and interests. I was put in charge of contacting the rural school to confirm their book needs — a task I felt comfortable with. By Wednesday, things were going smoothly. We had already collected over 500 books from students and teachers, and some had been sorted and placed neatly into boxes. Then, on Thursday morning, Mia received a phone call from Kevin, one of our teammates. He explained that he had been in a minor car accident and needed to stay at the hospital for check-ups. He sounded worried about falling behind on his task: sorting and categorizing the donated books by grade level. We immediately told Kevin to focus on his recovery and that we would handle things.There were over 200 books that had not been sorted out. Each book needed to be labeled by grade (1-6) and packed into boxes. If we didn’t step up, the rural school would receive a mess of books they couldn’t use, and our campaign would end in disaster. After finishing our own tasks, we came together as a team that afternoon. Without hesitation, we all agreed to take on the remaining work together, making sure nothing fell behind. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.每段的开头语已为你写好，不计入词数。 That evening, instead of going home, we stayed. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Kevin returned on Friday morning, he was surprised at the progress we had made in his absence. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 That evening, instead of going home, we stayed. Mia put the unsorted books into three piles. Jenny called out each grade level from one to six. I wrote the numbers on small labels. Mia put every labeled book into the correct box. We worked without stopping. At seven o’clock we were half done. At eight thirty we finished. Twelve boxes stood in a neat row. We washed the ink off our hands and locked the library. Walking home in the dark, no one complained. We felt proud. We had done something good for Kevin. When Kevin returned on Friday morning, he was surprised at the progress we had made in his absence. He stopped at the door and stared at the boxes. His eyes turned red. Mia told him we stayed late to finish his task. Kevin hugged each of us. Later that morning we took the books to the rural school. The children ran to the boxes and opened them with loud cheers. Standing there, we knew the truth. Helping others begins with helping the person right next to you. That is what teamwork means. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了学校“帮助他人”周期间，一个四人团队为乡村学校募集图书的故事。一名成员因车祸无法完成任务，其余三人主动留下加班，共同完成剩余图书的分类打包工作，最终成功送书并理解了团队互助的意义。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写三人分工合作、持续工作数小时，最终完成所有书籍分类打包的具体过程。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段描写凯文的惊讶与感动、团队成员的回应，以及送书后的感悟。 2.续写线索：留下加班——分工合作——完成任务——凯文惊讶感动——送书成功——感悟真谛 3.词汇激活： 行为类 ①完成：finish/complete/accomplish ②盯着看：stare at/gaze at 情绪类 ①感到自豪：feel proud/be proud of/feel a sense of pride ②拥抱：hug/embrace 【点睛】【高分句型1】When Kevin returned on Friday morning, he was surprised at the progress we had made in his absence.(运用了When引导的时间状语从句，及省略了which/that的定语从句) 【高分句型2】That is what teamwork means.(运用了what引导的表语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 重庆八中高2027届高二(下)阶段性检测(二) 英 语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. How will the man probably get to the town? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By bike. 2. Who is the woman reading about now? A. Neil Armstrong. B. Picasso. C. Napoleon. 3. Where did the woman work last Friday? A. At a café. B. In the office. C. At home. 4. What is the woman probably good at? A. Chess. B. Cards. C. Football. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their biology teacher. B. The pet of the class. C. The woman's parents. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the man calling? A. To ask the opening hours. B. To join a club. C. To buy tickets. 7. What is the man concerned about? A. Whether the time suits him. B. Whether the activity changes. C. Whether his kid is allowed to get in. 听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8. What is important to the woman? A. A fancy hotel. B. Adventurous activities. C. A private beach. 9. What will the company teach the speakers? A. How to surf. B. How to dive. C. How to drive a boat. 10. What will the man do next? A. Make a phone call. B. Book flight tickets. C. Pack for their holiday. 听第 8 段材料,回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Husband and wife. C. Host and guest. 12. When is the interview scheduled? A. On Tuesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Wednesday. 13. What is special about today? A. It is the man's birthday. B. Staff received a pay raise. C. The new engineers arrived. 听第 9 段材料,回答第 14 至 16 题。 14. What did people believe a few centuries ago? A. That Earth was a flat planet. B. That Pluto was not a planet. C. That Jupiter was made of rock. 15. How does the man feel about the presentation at the end? A. Confused. B. Nervous. C. Confident. 16. Where are the speakers now? A. In the museum. B. In the computer lab. C. In the school café. 听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. How will the weather be like in Russia tomorrow? A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Rainy. 18. Where does the speaker live? A. In Spain. B. In France. C. In Italy. 19. What is the speaker mainly concerned about? A. The risk for wildlife. B. The pollution in cities. C. The damage to farms. 20. What is the next news about? A. Recovery of local businesses. B. Action against climate change. C. Development of global economy. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A With midterms and finals nearing, finding time to work out between all the studying and classes can be a challenge. But who says you must choose between studying and working out? This study break exercise routine is all you need to stay on track for your fitness goals. Better yet, it’s just 5 minutes long. How It Works For every hour of studying, take a 5-minute break to get up and move your body. This routine is filled with light cardio, bodyweight exercises, and dynamic stretches to wake your body up and prepare it for your next period of studying. This routine may be short but do it enough times throughout the day and the calories will add up! Routine Details 5 Minute Study Break Exercise Add Mindfulness Although you will benefit regardless of how well you perform the exercises, adding mindfulness can make it even more effective: Pay Attention: Notice the sensations in your body as you move and stretch. Breathe: Match movements to your breath — breathe in as you prepare, breathe out as you stretch or apply force. Be Gentle: Don't force stretches. Move within a comfortable range. Focusing on your body for these few minutes helps calm the mind. 1. Which two activities share the same duration? A. Squats and Upper Back Stretch. B. Shoulder Rolls and Reach Overs. C. Jumping Jacks and Neck Circles. D. Knee March and Hamstring Hang. 2. What is highly recommended to learn the moves? A. Sending a feedback email. B. Calling a fitness center. C. Seeking a workout partner. D. Watching a guided video. 3. Which can improve the workout results? A. Taking deep breaths in between. B. Rushing through the entire routine. C. Pairing movement with mental focus. D. Pushing each move to the maximum. B After ten years in London, I recently relocated to Berlin, and as is customary when making new friends, the question “Where are you from?” tends to come up. My honest answer would be, “I don’t really know.” The truth is, most of us TCKs (Third Culture Kids) — a term coined to describe “children who move between cultures before they have had the opportunity to fully develop their personal and cultural identity” — had no choice growing up but to follow our parents around the world. We’d often be told, “Pack your bags, kids. We’re moving!” and in the blink of an eye, everything would change. By the time I was 18, I had changed schools 10 times, moved countries at least 6 times, acquired a confusing accent, and developed both a love of travel and a desire for stability. Being an Indonesian-Italian, I often felt an identity crisis weighing on me in my teens. Moving to a new country after spending ten years in the UK — the longest I have lived anywhere — has brought back feelings of this cultural confusion. Growing up as a TCK isn’t as charming as many people would expect. It is both a blessing and a curse (诅咒), beautiful but unpredictable, and full of adventures. This lack of roots and stability will likely cause issues later in life. Yet kids are adaptable. After overcoming culture shock, you start to adjust and see the bigger picture. You learn that the world is much bigger than you, and that your problems are small. You also learn responsibility, respect different beliefs, and form your own opinions. Making friends and then losing touch teaches you that everything is temporary. Growing up as a TCK, you rarely realize how adaptable you are, until your older friends often comment on how “wise and mature” you are for your age. Travelling from a young age opens your eyes beyond “Hypernormalization”. It teaches that diversity is nothing to be afraid of. Growing up as a TCK was tough, but I wouldn’t trade it for anything. It has shaped me to be the person that I am today — an actual “citizen of the world”. 4. How does the author usually respond to “Where are you from”? A. By stating her nationality directly. B. By admitting her uncertainty honestly. C. By explaining the TCK concept briefly. D. By describing her experiences in detail. 5. What does the author say about TCKs’ childhood? A. They enjoyed planning their moves. B. They resisted their parents’ decisions. C. They maintained their personal lifestyle. D. They were forced to adapt to sudden changes. 6. Which of the following can best describe TCKs’ experiences? A. Tough and confusing. B. Peaceful and predictable. C. Routine but eye-opening. D. Adventurous but beneficial. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Growing up as a TCK B. Challenges for Migration C. How to Become a Global Citizen D. How to Adapt to Diverse Cultures C On a summer afternoon, the surface of a black asphalt (沥青) roof can reach 85°C — hot enough to fry an egg. These dark surfaces absorb most of the sunlight that hits them, turning cities into dangerous “heat islands.” During a severe heatwave, this extra warmth pushes already high temperatures several degrees higher, leading to hundreds of avoidable deaths each year. The solution, some urban planners argue, lies on top of our buildings. Reflective roofs, also called “cool roofs,” are painted white or coated with special materials that bounce back up to 85% of incoming sunlight. By contrast, a standard dark roof reflects only about 20%. Buildings with cool roofs stay cooler inside, reducing air conditioning use by 15‒30%. On a citywide scale, this means lower electricity bills, fewer power plant emissions, and most importantly, safer streets during extreme heat events. Los Angeles became an early adopter. In 2013, the city required all new flat roofs to be cool roofs and started coating existing rooftops with a white, reflective sealant. Satellite images taken five years later showed that surface temperatures in coated areas dropped by an average of 2.5℃. The city also noticed something unexpected: residents living near cool roofs reported improved sleep quality, as the reflective coating reduced nighttime heat release from buildings. Despite clear benefits, cool roofs face barriers in the city. Older buildings with tar and gravel roofs are expensive to retrofit. Some homeowners complain that white roofs show dirt easily, reducing reflectivity over time. Meanwhile, winter cooling could increase heating costs. Researchers are developing adaptive coatings that change color with temperature — dark in winter to capture heat, white in summer to reflect it. As one climate resilience expert puts it, “We cannot wait decades to redesign entire cities. Cool roofs are something we can install next month, on the building where you live or work. That is why they are one of our most powerful immediate tools.” 8. How do dark roofs affect cities during heatwaves? A. They put more residents at risk of death. B. They keep buildings cooler during heatwaves. C. They weaken the structure of buildings over time. D. They increase the cost of coating existing rooftops. 9. The word “bounce” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________. A. absorb B. return C. reflect D. send 10. What can be inferred about the reflective sealant used in Los Angeles? A. It produced a positive effect on people’s rest. B. It worked better on new buildings than on old ones. C. It mainly benefited homeowners with new buildings. D. It reduced the need for air conditioning in all coated buildings. 11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Waiting decades to redesign cities is fine. B. Redesigning cities should be our top priority. C. Cool roofs are the best solution for every city. D. Cool roofs are a quick and workable fix. D For generations, parents and teachers have warned children against daydreaming, calling it a waste of time. However, recent cognitive neuroscience research suggests otherwise. Rather than being a sign of distraction, daydreaming may represent a unique mental state where creativity and future planning flourish. The key lies in the brain’s default mode network (DMN), a set of regions that becomes active when people are not focused on external tasks. Far from being idle, the DMN allows the brain to make remote associations between seemingly unrelated ideas. In a 2021 study, participants who completed a tedious button-pressing task followed by a rest period showed 40% more creative solutions on subsequent problems than those who moved directly to a second demanding task. The rest period, during which minds naturally wandered, allowed the DMN to secure memories and generate novel connections. Critics of deliberate mind-wandering point to its obvious risks. Students who daydream during lectures miss critical information. Drivers whose attention drifts pose safety dangers. Yet researchers distinguish between two types: unintentional mind-wandering, often triggered by boredom or tiredness, and intentional mind-wandering, where individuals consciously allow their thoughts to flow while remaining able to return to the task when needed. The latter, when practiced under appropriate conditions, carries creative benefits without significant costs. Workplace studies support this distinction. Employees given regular short breaks for “structured daydreaming” — reflecting on personal goals or imagining future scenarios — reported higher job satisfaction and produced more innovative ideas than those following continuous work schedules. Interestingly, the most creative workers surveyed exhibited not fewer but more frequent episodes of intentional mind-wandering during low-stakes tasks such as data entry or routine emails. The implication is not that students should abandon focus during exams or drivers should lose attention on highways. Rather, the research suggests rethinking the cultural bias against daydreaming. Periods of mental wandering, when deliberately employed in safe and low-demand situations, act as a hidden engine for innovation. Learning to control when and where the mind wanders may be as valuable as learning to focus it. 12. What does recent research suggest about daydreaming? A. It serves a useful brain function. B. It only happens when the mind is idle. C. It helps the brain process external tasks. D. It improves the ability to focus for long periods. 13. What did the 2021 study find about participants who rested? A. They felt less mentally tired. B. They showed more creativity later. C. They showed higher job satisfaction. D. They performed better on memory tests. 14. What can be inferred about intentional mind-wandering? A. It may bring safety dangers. B. It may be common during low-stakes tasks. C. It prevents one from returning to the task. D. It reduces mental tiredness after demanding work. 15. What does the author suggest about daydreaming? A. Practice it to reduce mental tiredness. B. Apply it to boost creativity in all tasks. C. Use it as a replacement for focused work. D. Let your mind wander on purpose during easy work. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Experts constantly remind us that drinking enough water is absolutely important in order for our bodies to function properly. ____16____ Though most people worry more about getting dehydrated (脱水), drinking too much water can be dangerous. ____17____, you may be drinking too much water. Constantly adding water to your body can result in low sodium (钠) levels in your blood, which can cause all of the cells in your body to swell. What’s more, this can become particularly dangerous when your brain starts to swell. The best way to know if your body really needs more water is to be consciously aware of whether or not you actually feel thirsty. Our bodies are so programmed to fight against dehydration because we’ve always been living in fear of not having enough, so we have all of these built-in mechanisms to protect us against that. Thirst is every body’s individual monitor that lets them know if they need more. The more water you need, the thirstier you get. ____18____ You may be drinking too much water if you find yourself often waking up in the middle of the night to use the bathroom. ____19____ If you find yourself urinating (尿) more than ten times a day, you may be drinking more water than your body needs. To prevent nighttime urination, have your last glass of water a couple hours before bed to give your kidneys time to filter the water through your body. Your kidneys are responsible for filtering the water you drink through your body. When you drink too much water, your kidneys have to work even harder, creating a stressful reaction from your hormones that leaves your body stressed and tired. ____20____, it may be because you’ve added unneeded stress to your kidneys. A. And it is — unless you drink too much of it. B. Surely you have to drink water as much as you can. C. Most people urinate between six and eight times a day. D. These are the reasons you may not be aware of for being thirsty. E. If you take some water with you in the day but empty it in the night F. If you’re constantly drinking water and find yourself struggling to get out of bed G. If you carry around your water bottle all day and immediately refill it when it is empty 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分55分) 第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was on the way to my father’s house. The constant drizzle made my driving a little ____21____. Suddenly, my car began fishtailing and ____22____ toward a bank where it rolled over three times. Passing drivers ____23____ to help. A nurse appeared and ____24____ my neck and someone called 911. The fire department arrived, and, with much ____25____, removed me from the vehicle. Soon, I learned I had broken my back and neck and would need to be transported to another hospital equipped to handle serious ____26____. The doctors there ordered a plastic body cast (全身石膏) to be made for me. When I was finally discharged, I was told to keep the body cast on for four months. I had always been active, so being restricted was completely ____27____ to me. I felt like I had lost ____28____ of my life. I decided to get my life back. I began physical therapy and after ____29____ forty days, I returned to my job, ____30____ my body cast underneath my clothes. While I had to limit how I moved, I could function fairly _____31_____. When the body cast ____32____, I continued physical therapy and was doing yoga within one year. I never ____33____ my ability to recover. I always kept my eyes on the ____34____, which was regaining my normal activities, even though I couldn’t do all the things in ____35____ the same way I did before. I was fortunate to be alive and to have the ability to do what I could still do. 21. A. thrilling B. challenging C. refreshing D. boring 22. A. headed B. jumped C. pointed D. leaned 23. A. sped up B. broke down C. pulled over D. watched out 24. A. rubbed B. turned C. grabbed D. stabilized 25. A. effort B. amusement C. kindness D. compromise 26. A. accidents B. injuries C. consequences D. crises 27. A. accessible B. harmful C. engaging D. foreign 28. A. track B. control C. sight D. count 29. A. gaining B. recording C. missing D. lasting 30. A. wearing B. abandoning C. improving D. restoring 31. A. automatically B. quickly C. normally D. tirelessly 32. A. carried on B. turned around C. ran out D. came off 33. A. developed B. doubted C. overestimated D. recognized 34. A. prize B. talent C. cost D. health 35. A. slightly B. basically C. exactly D. typically 第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下边短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Thursday, the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing ____36____ (reveal) that archaeologists had discovered two sunken ships in the depths of the South China Sea. It offered tangible evidence of commercial and ____37____ (culture) exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. The latest underwater archaeological ____38____ (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology have ____39____ (significant) uncovered important artifacts. In addition to the shipwrecks, a variety of artifacts, including pottery, porcelain and ironware, have been unearthed, most of ____40____ were made in kilns (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital.” The precise locations of the shipwrecks and the associated cultural relics ____41____ (determine) through the use of oceanographic technology and underwater investigations involving manned submersibles, which conducted 41 dives throughout the year, as confirmed by Song Jianzhong, ____42____ researcher at the National Center for Archaeology. The Ming Dynasty’s No.1 shipwreck, ____43____ (measure) 37 meters long and 11 meters wide, has yielded 543 artifacts, suggesting it sailed from Fujian or Guangdong to Southeast Asia trade centers like Malacca. The No. 2 shipwreck dates ____44____ the rule of Emperor Hongzhi and measures about 21 meters long and 8 meters wide. A total of 36 artifacts have been found on it, porcelain and pottery _____45_____ (include). 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节书面表达(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友 Tim给你写信说在社交媒体上看到重庆爆火的视频，其中防空洞火锅引起了他浓厚兴趣。请你结合图片给他回信向他介绍防空洞火锅，并邀请他来重庆亲自感受重庆的魅力。 注意：词数80左右；参考词汇：air-raid shelters 防空洞 bunker hotpot 防空洞火锅 Dear Tim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Our school’s “Help Others” week was approaching, and our team was responsible for organizing a used book donation campaign for a rural partner school. We had five days to plan and carry it out, and everyone was eager to contribute. On Monday morning, our team leader, Mia, brought us together to discuss our roles. There were four of us on the team: Mia, Jenny, Kevin and me. Mia assigned different tasks to each of us based on our strengths and interests. I was put in charge of contacting the rural school to confirm their book needs — a task I felt comfortable with. By Wednesday, things were going smoothly. We had already collected over 500 books from students and teachers, and some had been sorted and placed neatly into boxes. Then, on Thursday morning, Mia received a phone call from Kevin, one of our teammates. He explained that he had been in a minor car accident and needed to stay at the hospital for check-ups. He sounded worried about falling behind on his task: sorting and categorizing the donated books by grade level. We immediately told Kevin to focus on his recovery and that we would handle things.There were over 200 books that had not been sorted out. Each book needed to be labeled by grade (1-6) and packed into boxes. If we didn’t step up, the rural school would receive a mess of books they couldn’t use, and our campaign would end in disaster. After finishing our own tasks, we came together as a team that afternoon. Without hesitation, we all agreed to take on the remaining work together, making sure nothing fell behind. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.每段的开头语已为你写好，不计入词数。 That evening, instead of going home, we stayed. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Kevin returned on Friday morning, he was surprised at the progress we had made in his absence. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $