Unit 6 Living with nature Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

该初中英语课件聚焦宾语从句教学，系统梳理that、whether/if及疑问词引导的三类宾语从句，重点解析疑问词引导的宾语从句的引导词分类、陈述语序及时态规则。课堂导入通过回顾旧知搭建学习支架，从阅读材料例句切入，引导学生自主总结语法规则，衔接前后知识脉络。 其亮点在于以结构化表格呈现引导词（连接代词/副词及how系列），结合情境化练习（语篇填空、小组讨论自然法则）和分层任务（必做练习与选做观点写作），培养学生语言能力（如句型转换、写作运用宾语从句）和思维品质（分析句子结构、归纳语法规则）。学生能在实践中掌握语法，教师可借助清晰框架提升教学效率。

Unit 6 Living with nature understanding ideas Grammar Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. 5 I didn't know how popular the paintings would become. (b) They help people understand why nature works this way. What can you find? Presentation 疑问词引导的宾语从句 三类宾语从句： _____引导的 宾语从句 ___________ 引导的宾语从句 _______引导的 宾语从句 that whether / if 疑问词 宾语从句的时态 宾语从句的时态取决于主句的时态。 (1) I can hardly believe (that) we're in the city centre. 真不敢相信我们是在市中心。 (2) I want to know whether he stayed last weekend. 我想知道他上周末是否在家。 (3) I hope that she will come back soon. 我希望她很快回来。 当主句是现在时态时，从句可以根据实际情况选择不同时态。 主句是一般现在时，从句是一般现在时 主句是一般现在时，从句是一般过去时 主句是一般现在时，从句是一般将来时 (1) I did not know who she was. 我不知道她是谁。 (2) We thought (that) somebody was moving about. 我们以为有人在走动。 当主句是过去时态时，从句一般使用相应的过去时态。 主句是一般过去时，从句是一般过去时 主句是一般过去时，从句是过去进行时 当宾语从句是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象时，从句须用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。 (1) She knows that the earth goes around the sun. 她知道地球绕着太阳转。 (2) The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 Underline the object clauses in the passage. P87 5 在本单元中，我们来学习另一类宾语从句 —— 疑问词引导的宾语从句。 疑问词 It was an early morning Presentation The terms helped them understand why things happened at certain times. The terms helped them understand how they should react. I didn't know how popular the paintings would become. They help people understand why nature works this way. Analyze the sentence structure 主句（主语+谓语） + 引导词 + 从句（主语+谓语+其他） 宾语从句是英语复合句中的一种从句类型，它在句子中充当宾语成分，相当于一个名词的作用。 疑问词引导的 宾语从句 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的时态 Presentation 引导词1 类别 引导词 含义 充当的成分 例句 连 接 代 词 what 什么 主语、宾语、表语 I know what happened. (作主语) Tell me what you need. (作宾语) who 谁（主格） 主语（指人） Do you know who won the game? whom 谁（宾格） 宾语（指人，较正式） I wonder whom she admires. whose 谁的 定语 Ask him whose idea this is. which 哪一个 主语、宾语、定语 Choose which suits you best. (作主语) Presentation 类别 引导词 含义 充当的成分 例句 连 接 副词 when 什么时候 时间状语 Remember when we first met. where 在哪里 地点状语 Show me where you live. how 怎样 方式状语 I’ll show you how it works. why 为什么 原因状语 Explain why you are late. 引导词2 Presentation 引导词 含义 充当的成分 例句 how many 多少 （可数） 定语 或与名词一起作宾语 Count how many books are on the shelf. how much 多少 （不可数） 定语 或与名词一起作宾语 I care about how much effort you put in. how far 多远 距离状语 Guess how far the airport is. how long 多久/多长 时间/长度状语 Tell us how long you will stay. how often 多久一次 频率状语 Describe how often you exercise. 引导词3 Presentation 语序 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要用陈述语序。 Do you know who the man is? Please tell me where the library is. 引导词 主句 宾语从句 陈述句语序：主语+动原+其他. 宾语从句 whether / if引导的宾语从句 疑问词 引导的 宾语 从句 that引导的宾语从句 语序 引导词 疑问代词what、who、whom、whose、which 疑问副词when、where、how、why 陈述句语序 who作宾语从句的主语时 时态 当主句是现在时态时，从句可以根据实际情况选择不同时态。 当主句是过去时态时，从句一般使用相应的过去时态。 宾语从句是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象时，从句须用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。 疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他 who + 谓语 + 其他 Exercises 01. Where is the post office? → Could you tell me _____________________________________? 02. When will the meeting begin? → I want to know ________________________________________. 03. How can I get to the library? → Please tell me _________________________________________. 04. Who is the man over there? → Do you know _________________________________________? 05. Why did he leave early? → She asked me _________________________________________. where the post office is when the meeting will begin how I can get to the library who the man over there is why he left early Exercises 单选题。 1. — Do you know _______ the meeting will start? — At 3 o’clock this afternoon. A. where B. when C. what 2. My teacher asked me _______ I was late for school this morning. A. why B. who C. how 3. She told me _______ she wanted to be a doctor in the future. A. that B. what C. if 4. I don’t know _______ he is talking about. Can you explain it? A. what B. when C. where 5. He asked his mom __ he could play computer games. A. that B. whether C. what 1. I am / curious about / Chinese people / celebrate / Rain Water ______________________________________________________ 2. Do you / know / people / eat dumplings / in Start of Winter ______________________________________________________ 3. Have you / decided / you want / to do / in Major Snow ______________________________________________________ 4. I am / not sure / we are / going / tomorrow / for Minor Heat ______________________________________________________ 5. He has / told me / we / shall meet / in End of Heat ______________________________________________________ Write the sentences with object clauses by using: who,what,how,why,when. 6 I am curious about Do you know why people eat dumplings in Start of Winter? Have you decided what you want to do in Major Snow? I am not sure where we are going tomorrow for Minor Heat. He has told me that we shall meet in End of Heat. Chinese people celebrate Rain Water. how/why/when Complete the passage using the words from the box. 7 what when where why how The Maori in New Zealand had many terms to describe the sea. They carefully checked ¹______ the water looked and used different words like “energetic” or “dangerous”. Many people have wondered ²______ they did this. Well, think about ³______ they lived – many small islands were around them. They often travelled on the sea. It was important for them to know ⁴______ would happen on the sea and ⁵______ it was safe to go to the sea. By understanding the laws of nature, people can live in nature more safely. The Maori's words for the sea are only one of many examples. how why where what when 自然法则 Examples: How do people follow it? Description: What is it? Laws of nature Benefits: How can it help people? No fishing from May to September Frozen fruit in winter Beekeeping Work in pairs. Talk about how people live by the laws of nature. Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you. 8 It is the natural rule that fish have baby fish from May to September. People stop fishing in the sea from May to September. It helps keep the ecosystem in balance. Useful expressions • According to… • … tells us how nature works… • It's common for… • It guides… • It's good / harmful for … • There can be problems… 根据句意，从方框中选择适当的词填空，每词限用一次。 what, why, where, when, whether 1. Can you tell me ________ the nearest bus stop is? 2. Eric hasn't decided ________ he will have dinner with me. 3. Mum asks me ________ I want for dinner every morning. 4. Please let me know ________ you will arrive at the airport. 5. Did Tommy explain ________ he was late for the meeting? where why whether what when Must do: 1.记忆本节课的单词和短语，重点句型; 2.完成课后的相关练习。 Choose to do: 观点写作 以“Why should we follow the laws of nature?”为题，写一段60-80词的英文短文，结合课文内容或生活实例，提出你的观点，并至少使用2个宾语从句。 Homework $