Unit 7 Section B 1a-1e 单词讲解+同步练习2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语Unit 7 Section B 1a-1e单词讲解与同步练习资料，核心覆盖17个单词及短语。从词义、词性变化入手，结合课文原句建立语境联系，通过填空和翻译练习实现从理解到应用的过渡，构建“基础认知-语境理解-巩固应用”的学习支架。 知识链路以“词义解析-词性拓展-语境应用-综合检测”为逻辑，每个单词配原句译文助语言理解，练习题分单空填空和汉译英，针对性提升语言表达能力。同步词形填空整合多维度考点，参考答案标注易错点，培养学生主动梳理知识、纠正错误的学习能力，体现学科特色的分层巩固方法。

Unit 7 Section B 1a-1e 单词讲解+同步练习 1. summary n. 总结；概要 summary n.摘要，概要；a summary of ……的梗概 原句：Read the summary of the story The Secret Garden. 译文：阅读《秘密花园》的故事概要。 练习题 a. Please write a short ____(summary) of this story. b. 翻译：这是《秘密花园》的故事梗概。 2. spoiled/ spoilt adj. 被宠坏的 原句：Mary Lennox, a spoiled and selfish 10-year-old girl goes to live with her uncle. 译文：玛丽·伦诺克斯是一个被娇惯、自私的十岁小女孩，搬去和舅舅同住。 spoiled adj.娇生惯养的，被宠坏的 练习题 a. The ____(spoil) girl doesn’t like to share things. b. 翻译：玛丽从前是一个被宠坏的自私女孩。 3. selfish adj. 自私的 原句：a spoiled and selfish 10-year-old girl 译文：一个娇惯又自私的十岁女孩。 selfish adj.自私的；无私selfless a. Don’t be ____(self) to your friends. b. 翻译：刚开始玛丽为人自私，不爱交朋友。 4. painful /'peɪnfl/ adj.令人痛苦的；疼痛的 名词pain；副词painfully 课文原句：It was a painful experience for her. 练习题 a. His leg hurt ______(painful) after the fall. b. 汉译英：这次失败是一段痛苦的经历。 5. lock /lɒk/ v.用锁锁上 n.锁 三单locks；现分locking；过去式locked 课文原句：Remember to lock the door before leaving. 练习题 a. He ______(lock) all the windows ten minutes ago. b. 汉译英：出门前锁上门。 6. unlock /ʌn'lɒk/ v.开······的锁；揭开 三单unlocks；过去式unlocked；反义词lock(v.) 课文原句：She tries to unlock the box with a key. 练习题 a. Tom ______(unlock) the secret of the old story at last. b. 汉译英：他设法打开房门的锁。 7. hidden /'hɪdn/ adj.隐藏的；秘密的 原形v.hide；过去式hid；现分hiding 课文原句：There is a hidden box under the bed. 练习题 a. The boy ______(hide) his toys in a hidden place just now. b. 汉译英：山里有隐藏的小路。 8. nobody /'nəʊbədi/ pron.没有人；谁也不 同义代词no one 课文原句：Nobody knows the truth of the accident. 练习题 a. ______(nobody) is in the empty classroom now.(提示：主谓) b. 汉译英：房间里没有人。 9. therefore /'ðeəfɔ:(r)/ adv.因此；所以 课文原句：He was ill, therefore he missed school. 练习题 a. It rained heavily; ______(therefore), we put off the sports meeting. b. 汉译英：他生病了，因此没来上学。 10. state /steɪt/n.状态；国家；州 v.陈述；说明 名词复数states；动词三单states；过去式stated 课文原句：She is in a poor state of health. 练习题 a. The reporter ______(state) his idea clearly at the meeting yesterday. b. 汉译英：这位老人身体状况很差。 11. weak /wi:k/ adj.虚弱的；（能力）弱的 副词weakly；名词weakness；反义词strong 课文原句：The old lady looks weak after illness. 练习题 a. His ______(weak) stops him from doing heavy work. b. 汉译英：生病之后他身体变虚弱了。 12. since /sɪns/ prep., adv.& conj.自…以来；既然 课文原句：Since you are free, help me with my homework. 练习题 a. ______(since) 2020, he has lived in this small town. b. 汉译英：既然你知道真相，就告诉我吧。 13. secretly /'si:krətli/ adv.秘密地 形容词secret；名词secret 课文原句：They left the house secretly at midnight. 练习题 a. He kept the ______(secret) and left ______(secret). b. 汉译英：女孩偷偷地离开了家乡。 14. prove /pru:v/v.(proved, proved/proven)证明；证实 三单proves；现分proving；过去分词proved/proven 课文原句：He tries to prove his answer is right. 练习题 a. The scientist ______(prove) his idea was correct last month. b. 汉译英：他证明自己没有说谎。 15. get to one's feet 站起身来 主语he→get to his feet；过去式got to one's feet 课文原句：She got to her feet when the teacher came in. 练习题 a. He ______(get to one's feet) slowly after falling down. b. 汉译英：摔倒后，小男孩慢慢站起身。 16. day by day 一天天；逐日 同义短语day after day 课文原句：The little plant grows tall day by day. 练习题 a. The weather turns warm ______(day by day). b. 汉译英：天气一天天变得越来越暖和。 17. build-up /'bɪldʌp/ n.准备期；准备过程 动词短语build up 课文原句：There is a long build-up before the big match. 练习题 a. The ______(build-up) of the game takes three weeks. b. 汉译英：这场比赛的准备过程很漫长。 同步词形填空 1. Can you finish three ______(summary) about these articles today? 2. Parents shouldn't make their kids ______(spoil) by too much love. 3. It's ______(selfish) of him not to share things with friends. 4. He had a ______(pain) cut on his hand yesterday. 5. Remember ______(lock) your bike before you go shopping. 6. She spent an hour ______(unlock) the old wooden box. 7. The cat ______(hide) itself behind the door five minutes ago. 8. ______(nobody) in our class wants to join that boring activity. 9. It was raining heavily, ______(therefore) we put off the trip. 10. The manager ______(state) his new plan at yesterday's meeting. 11. Poor ______(weak) made him give up running competition. 12. He has worked here ______(since) five years ago. 13. The spy left the small town ______(secret) at midnight. 14. She ______(prove) herself to be an excellent player last term. 15. The old man ______(get to one's feet) with the help of a stick just now. 16. Writers usually set exciting ______(climax) in their novels. 参考答案 第一部分 a空答案 1.a. summary 2. a. spoiled 3. selfish 4. painfully 5. locked 6. unlocked 7. hid 8. Nobody 9. therefore 10. stated 11. weakness 12. Since 13. secret; secretly 14. proved 15. got to his feet 16. day by day 17. build-up b汉译英答案 1. This is a summary of The Secret Garden. 2. Mary was a spoiled and selfish girl at first. 3. Mary was selfish and hated making friends at first. 4. The failure is a painful experience. 5. Lock the door before you go out. 6. He tries to unlock the door of the room. 7. There are hidden paths in the mountain. 8. Nobody is in the room. 9. He was ill, therefore he didn't come to school. 10. The old man is in a poor state of health. 11. He becomes weak after his illness. 12. Since you know the truth, just tell me. 13. The girl left her hometown secretly. 14. He proves that he doesn't tell lies. 15. After falling down, the little boy got to his feet slowly. 16. The weather becomes warmer and warmer day by day. 17. The build-up of the match is very long. 同步填空答案 1. summaries 2. spoiled 3. selfish 4. painful 5. to lock 6. unlocking 7. hid 8. Nobody 9. therefore 10. stated 11. weakness 12. since 13. secretly 14. proved 15. got to his feet 16. climaxes 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $