Unit 1 Know yourself 课文精讲(暑假预习专用)2026-2027学年译林版 九年级英语上册

2026-06-08
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语译林版九年级上册
年级 九年级
章节 Unit 1 Know yourself
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 江苏省
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2026-06-08
更新时间 2026-06-26
作者 xkw_036820253
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-06-05
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课文考点精讲——译林版(2026年)九年级上 Unit 1 Know yourself 第一篇(P7) 原文 1:I'm patient and I don't get angry easily. I know that makes me good at working with people (宾语从句,作 know 的宾语). What about you, Paul?(我很有耐心,不容易生气。我知道这让我擅长与人打交道。你呢,保罗?) 考点1:make sb. + adj. 使某人…… 讲解:make 的使役用法,后接形容词作宾语补足语,说明宾语的状态。 考点 2:be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事 同义短语:do well in doing sth. 例:He is good at playing basketball. = He does well in playing basketball.(他擅长打篮球。) 原文 2:I'm careless sometimes, especially with numbers. Neither my parents nor I (主语) think I will make a good accountant (宾语从句,作 think 的宾语). What job would you be good at, Sandy? (我有时候很粗心,尤其是在数字方面。我和我的父母都认为我不会成为一名好会计。你擅长什么工作,桑迪?) 结构分析 考点 1:neither...nor... 既不…… 也不…… 讲解:连接两个并列成分,作主语时谓语动词遵循就近原则(与靠近谓语的主语保持一致)。 例:Neither he nor I am interested in football.(他和我都对足球不感兴趣。) 【易错提醒】neither 位于句首连接两个句子时,第一个句子需用部分倒装 例:Neither does he like math, nor does he like English.(他既不喜欢数学,也不喜欢英语。) 拓展:易混并列连词辨析(中考必考点) 连词 含义 主谓一致规则 例句 neither...nor... 既不…… 也不…… 就近原则 Neither Tom nor Lily likes swimming. either...or... 或者…… 或者…… 就近原则 Either you or he is right. both...and... 两者都…… 谓语动词用复数 Both Tom and Lily like swimming. 考点 2:make 表示 “成为” 讲解:后接职业类名词,表示 “成为一名……”,相当于 become。 例:She will make a good teacher. = She will become a good teacher.(她会成为一名好老师。) 原文 3:My art teacher says I often have exciting ideas(宾语从句,作 says 的宾语,省略了引导词 that). I would be good at creative jobs, I suppose. How about you, David? (我的美术老师说我经常有令人兴奋的想法。我想我会擅长创造性的工作。你呢,大卫?) 考点 1:suppose (v.) 认为;猜想 讲解:I suppose 相当于 I think,用于表达个人观点,可置于句末作插入语。 例:This is the best way, I suppose.(我想这是最好的方法。) 原文 4:I'm active and I love talking with people. I'm a social person. I think my future job involves chatting with lots of people (宾语从句,作 think 的宾语). (我很活跃,喜欢和人交谈。我是一个善于社交的人。我认为我未来的工作会涉及和很多人聊天。) 考点 1:love doing sth. 喜欢做某事 讲解:表示长期的、习惯性的爱好。 区别:love to do sth. 表示具体的、一次性的动作。 例:She loves reading books.(她喜欢读书。)(长期爱好) She loves to read a book this afternoon.(她今天下午想读一本书。)(具体动作) 考点 2:involve (v.) 包含;涉及 用法:involve doing sth. 包含做某事,involve 是及物动词,后接动名词作宾语。 例:The job involves traveling a lot.(这份工作需要经常出差。) 第二篇 People and their jobs(P8-P9) 【结构分析】 本文采用"总 — 分" 结构,围绕 "性格与职业匹配" 这一核心主题展开。文章通过四个独立的人物案例,分别介绍了艺术家吴伟、销售经理苏明、总工程师刘浩和医生方圆的性格特点、职业成就及职业感悟,生动展现了不同性格特质如何适配不同职业,帮助读者理解性格与职业选择的关系。每个案例独立成段,结构清晰,逻辑连贯。 【文章详解】 第一部分:吴伟(艺术家)—— 安静内敛与艺术创造力 原文 1:"He's a born artist. He's quiet, but his work shouts." This is how Wu Wei's best friend described him (how 引导的表语从句,作表语). ("他是个天生的艺术家。他很安静,但他的作品极具感染力。" 这是吴伟最好的朋友对他的描述。) 考点 1:born (adj.) 天生的 讲解:作定语,修饰名词,表示 "天生具有某种特质的"。 例:She is a born dancer.(她是个天生的舞者。) 考点 2:shout (v.) 呼喊;(引申)极具感染力 讲解:本句中用了引申义,表示 "作品有强烈的表现力和感染力"。 例:Her paintings shout with colour.(她的画色彩鲜艳,极具感染力。) 原文 2:Wu Wei's creative work impresses not only his friends but also the whole town (并列宾语). (吴伟富有创意的作品不仅打动了他的朋友,也打动了整个小镇。) 考点 1:not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且…… 讲解:连接两个并列成分,作主语时谓语动词遵循就近原则(与靠近谓语的主语保持一致)。 例:Not only he but also his parents like music.(不仅他,他的父母也喜欢音乐。) 【易错提醒】如果连接两个主语,谓语动词单复数由 but also 后面的主语决定,不要和 both...and... 混淆,both...and... 连接主语时谓语用复数。 考点 2:impress (v.) 给…… 留下深刻印象;打动 词性转换:impress → impression (n. 印象) → impressive (adj. 令人印象深刻的) 搭配:impress sb. 打动/给某人留下深刻印象;be impressed by/with sth. 被…… 打动/对…… 印象深刻 例:The beautiful scenery impressed us deeply.(美丽的风景给我们留下了深刻的印象。) 原文 3:His sculptures for Sunshine Town Square(定语,修饰 sculptures) have won high praise from the art community (定语,修饰 praise). (他为阳光镇广场创作的雕塑赢得了艺术界的高度赞扬。) 考点 1:win high praise 赢得高度赞扬 讲解:固定搭配,praise 在此处作名词,意为 "赞扬;表扬"。 拓展:praise (v.) 赞扬,搭配:praise sb. for sth. 因某事赞扬某人 例:The teacher praised him for his courage.(老师因他的勇气表扬了他。) 原文 4:"I've always enjoyed using my imagination(动名词短语作宾语) to make great art(动词不定式作目的状语) ," he said. "I want to keep sharing new, interesting work with people(宾语,不定式短语)." ("我一直喜欢用我的想象力创作优秀的艺术作品," 他说。"我想继续和人们分享新颖有趣的作品。") 考点 1:use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 例:We use pens to write.(我们用笔写字。) 考点 2:keep doing sth. 继续做某事;一直做某事 讲解:强调动作的持续性。 例:Keep trying and you will succeed.(继续努力,你会成功的。) 考点 3:share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物 例:She shared her cake with me.(她和我分享了她的蛋糕。) 第二部分:苏明(销售经理)—— 活泼外向与社交能力 原文 5:Su Ming quit her job as an accountant(定语,修饰 job) five years ago and started working in sales (宾语,动名词短语) for a big company (状语). (苏明五年前辞去了会计的工作,开始在一家大公司做销售。) 考点 1:five years ago一般过去时标志词 讲解:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用(如 five years ago, yesterday, last week 等)。 考点 2:quit (v.) 辞职;放弃 过去式 / 过去分词:quit/quitted 搭配:quit one's job 辞职;quit doing sth. 放弃做某事 例:He quit smoking last year.(他去年戒烟了。) 考点 3:start doing sth. 开始做某事 同义短语:start to do sth. 例:She started learning English when she was five.(她五岁时开始学英语。) 原文 6:"I'm active and energetic, and I love working with people. But in my last job, I had to work with numbers most of the time ." ("我活泼又精力充沛,喜欢和人打交道。但在上一份工作中,我大部分时间都得和数字打交道。") 考点1:have to 必须;不得不 讲解:表示客观上的需要,有人称和时态的变化。 否定形式:don't have to 不必 例:I have to get up early tomorrow.(我明天必须早起。) You don't have to come if you are busy.(如果你忙,就不必来了。) 【易错提醒】have to 表示客观需要,must 表示主观意愿,两者不要混淆。 原文 7:Su Ming is now the sales manager of the company. "I'm happy that I changed my job (形容词后的宾语从句). This one suits me better," she added. (苏明现在是这家公司的销售经理。"我很高兴我换了工作。这份工作更适合我," 她补充道。) 考点 1:that 引导的宾语从句(作形容词的宾语) 讲解:某些表示情感的形容词(如 happy, sad, sure, afraid 等)后可接 that 引导的宾语从句,that 可省略。 例:I'm sure that he will come.(我确定他会来。) 第三部分:刘浩(工程师)—— 严谨认真与责任感 原文 8:Liu Hao, together with his team (插入语,伴随成分), has just completed the high-speed railway project connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin(现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰 project). (刘浩和他的团队刚刚完成了连接阳光镇和天津的高速铁路项目。) 考点 1:together with... 和…… 一起 讲解:连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数与前面的主语保持一致(就远原则)。 例:The teacher, together with his students, is going to the park.(老师和他的学生们要去公园。) 【易错提醒】类似的短语还有 along with, as well as, except, besides 等,连接主语时都遵循就远原则。 考点 2:现在分词作后置定语 讲解:现在分词短语作定语时,放在被修饰的名词后面,表示主动关系。 例:The girl standing under the tree is my sister.(站在树下的那个女孩是我妹妹。) 原文 9:As the lead engineer, he is serious about his work and pays attention to (并列谓语)every detail.(作为总工程师,他对工作认真负责,关注每一个细节。) 考点 1:be serious about 对…… 认真 例:He is serious about his study.(他对学习很认真。) 考点 2:pay attention to 注意;关注 讲解:to 是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词。 例:Please pay attention to your pronunciation.(请注意你的发音。) 原文 10:"To us(状语), a miss is as good as a mile (表语). Any mistake may cost lives," said Mr Liu. ("对我们来说,失之毫厘,谬以千里。任何错误都可能付出生命的代价," 刘先生说。) 考点 1:miss 一词多性 n. [C] 失误,小失误(本句 a miss 一次失误);v. 错过;想念:miss the bus;adj. missing 丢失的(词性转换必考) 考点 2:as + 原级形容词 / 副词 + as 和…… 一样 用法:否定:not as/so + 原级 + as 不如…… 例:He is not as tall as Tom. 考点 3:cost (v.) 花费;使付出(代价) 用法:sth. cost sb. + 金钱/代价 某物花费某人金钱/使某人付出代价 例:The book cost me 20 yuan.(这本书花了我 20 元。) Careless driving cost him his life.(粗心驾驶使他付出了生命的代价。) 原文 11:One of his team members mentioned "He always works to high standards (介词短语作状语), but he's modest (表语 1)and (并列连词)easy to work with (表语 2)." (他的一个团队成员说:"他总是高标准工作,但他很谦虚,容易相处。") 考点 1:work to high standards 高标准工作 用法:to high standards 按照高标准,介词 to 表依据、遵照,作方式状语 例:All our products are made to high standards.(我们所有的产品都是高标准生产的。) 考点 2:easy to work with 容易相处 讲解:"形容词 + to do" 结构,不定式与原文主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 结构:主语 + be + easy/hard/difficult/nice + to + 动词 (+介词) 例:He is hard to get on with. 他很难相处。(get on with him,with 不能丢) The problem is difficult to work out. 问题很难算出。(work out the problem) The pen is nice to write with. 这支笔很好写。(write with the pen) The room is comfortable to live in. 房间住起来很舒服。(live in the room) 注意:若动词是及物动词,不用加介词The question is easy to answer.= answer the question(及物,无介词) 同义转换 He is easy to work with.= To work with him is easy.或 It’s easy to work with him.(it 作形式主语,不定式后置) 第四部分:方圆(医生)—— 善良耐心与奉献精神 原文 12:Fang Yuan, a doctor at Sunshine Hospital, is kind and patient. (方圆是阳光医院的一名医生,她善良又有耐心。) 原文 13:She loves her job very much. "I wanted to be a doctor (宾语,不定式短语)when I was very young. I think nothing is more meaningful than helping the sick and saving lives(宾语从句,作 think 的宾语)" she explained. (她非常热爱她的工作。"我很小的时候就想当一名医生。我认为没有什么比帮助病人、拯救生命更有意义的了," 她解释道。) 考点 1:the + 形容词 表示一类人 讲解:the sick 病人;the old 老人;the young 年轻人;the poor 穷人 例:We should help the poor.(我们应该帮助穷人。) 原文 14:Working at a hospital (主语,动名词短语)can be tough. Doctors must be very careful at all times and often work long hours. But Ms Fang thinks it is worth it(宾语从句,作 thinks 的宾语). (在医院工作可能很辛苦。医生必须时刻非常小心,而且经常长时间工作。但方女士认为这是值得的。) 考点 1:动名词作主语 讲解:动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 例:Reading is a good habit.(阅读是个好习惯。) 考点 2:at all times 一直;始终 例:You should keep calm at all times.(你应该始终保持冷静。) 考点 3:be worth it 值得 例:The hard work is worth it when you see the results.(当你看到结果时,所有的辛苦都是值得的。) 三、任务型阅读 People and their jobs People and their jobs Wu Wei (Artist) • His quiet personality contrasts sharply with his (1) works which have earned him wide (2) in the town. • His sculptures for the town square have received high (3) from professional artists. • He finds great (4) in creating art and looks forward to sharing more creative pieces. Su Ming (Sales Manager) • Her (5) from accounting to sales was driven by her energetic personality and love for social interaction. • She found her previous job (6) because it required long hours of working with numbers alone. • Her current position as sales manager allows her to fully (7) her strengths. Liu Hao (Engineer) • Under his (8), the high-speed railway project linking Sunshine Town to Tianjin was successfully completed. • His (9) to detail and strict work standards ensure the safety of the project. • Despite his achievements, he remains (10) and is well-liked by his team members. Fang Yuan (Doctor) • Her (11) and patience make her an excellent doctor who is loved by her patients. • She believes that (12) the sick and saving lives is the most meaningful thing one can do. • Although her job is (13) and demanding, she finds it extremely rewarding. Critical Thinking • Different personalities are suitable for different jobs. Please use two examples from the passage to explain this view. (Explain in at least 20 words.) (14) 答案讲解 1. expressive/powerful 【原文定位】第一部分原文 1:"He's quiet, but his work shouts." 【解题思路】归纳总结 + 词义转换题。原文 "his work shouts" 表示作品极具感染力,可转换为 expressive(富有表现力的)或 powerful(有力量的)。 2. recognition/popularity 【原文定位】第一部分原文 2:Wu Wei's creative work impresses not only his friends but also the whole town. 【解题思路】同义替换题。原文 "impresses not only...but also..." 表示获得了广泛认可,recognition(认可)或 popularity(欢迎)均符合语境。 3. praise/acclaim 【原文定位】第一部分原文 3:His sculptures for Sunshine Town Square have won high praise from the art community. 【解题思路】细节理解 + 同义替换题。原文 "high praise" 可替换为同义词 acclaim(赞誉)。 4. pleasure/satisfaction 【原文定位】第一部分原文 4:"I've always enjoyed using my imagination to make great art," he said. 【解题思路】归纳总结题。原文 "enjoyed" 表示他从创作中获得了乐趣或满足感,pleasure(乐趣)或 satisfaction(满足)均正确。 5. switch/change 【原文定位】第二部分原文 5:Su Ming quit her job as an accountant five years ago and started working in sales for a big company. 【解题思路】归纳总结题。原文描述了她从会计转行做销售的经历,switch(转换)或 change(改变)符合语境。 6. unsuitable/unfulfilling 【原文定位】第二部分原文 6:"But in my last job, I had to work with numbers most of the time." 【解题思路】推理判断题。根据上下文可知她不喜欢上一份工作,认为它不适合自己,unsuitable(不合适的)或 unfulfilling(没有成就感的)均正确。 7. utilize/develop 【原文定位】第二部分原文 7:"This one suits me better," she added. 【解题思路】归纳总结题。新工作更适合她,说明她能充分发挥自己的优势,utilize(利用)或 develop(发展)符合语境。 8. leadership/guidance 【原文定位】第三部分原文 9:As the lead engineer, he is serious about his work and pays attention to every detail. 【解题思路】词性转换 + 归纳总结题。原文 "lead engineer" 表示他是总工程师,负责领导项目,leadership(领导)或 guidance(指导)均正确。 9. attention/devotion 【原文定位】第三部分原文 9:...pays attention to every detail. 【解题思路】固定短语转换题。原文 "pay attention to" 可转换为名词形式 attention(注意)或 devotion(专注)。 10. modest/humble 【原文定位】第三部分原文 11:"He always works to high standards, but he's modest and easy to work with." 【解题思路】细节理解题。直接提取原文形容词 modest,也可替换为同义词 humble(谦逊的)。 11. kindness/caring 【原文定位】第四部分原文 12:Fang Yuan, a doctor at Sunshine Hospital, is kind and patient. 【解题思路】词性转换题。原文形容词 kind 转换为名词 kindness(善良)或 caring(关怀)。 12. helping/treating 【原文定位】第四部分原文 13:"I think nothing is more meaningful than helping the sick and saving lives," she explained. 【解题思路】细节理解题。直接提取原文动名词 helping,也可替换为 treating(治疗)。 13. tough/challenging 【原文定位】第四部分原文 14:Working at a hospital can be tough. 【解题思路】细节理解 + 同义替换题。原文 tough 可替换为同义词 challenging(有挑战性的)。 14. 示例:Wu Wei's quiet and creative personality makes him a great artist, while Su Ming's active and energetic personality suits her job as a sales manager perfectly. This shows that we should choose jobs that match our personalities. 第三篇 How is your personality formed?(P15) 一、结构分析 本文采用总 — 分 — 总结构,围绕性格的形成原因展开论述。 部分 结构作用 核心内容 第一部分 总述点题,引出话题 先给出性格定义,抛出设问:性格如何形成?点明核心观点:性格受先天遗传与后天环境双重影响 第二部分 分层分述,并列论证 分为两个并列板块:①先天遗传:部分性格由父母遗传而来,天生特质终身难改变,辅以谚语佐证;②后天环境:教育、人生经历、身边人群都会改变性格,举例说明亲身经历如何塑造自信心 第三部分 总结升华,首尾呼应 总结全文,用 in other words 归纳:先天禀赋与后天环境相结合,共同塑造一个人的性格,回扣开篇中心论点 二、文章详解 第一部分:总起段落,定义性格 + 点明两大影响因素 原文 1:Your personality is a special mix of your thoughts, feelings and behaviours(介词短语作后置定语,修饰 mix). (你的性格是你的思想、情感和行为的特殊结合体。) 考点 1:a mix of... …… 的结合体 / 混合物 讲解:固定名词短语,mix 为可数名词,侧重不同事物融合在一起。 原文 2:How is your personality formed? (你的性格是如何形成的?) 考点 1:form (v.) 形成;塑造 搭配:form a habit 养成习惯;form one’s personality 塑造性格 词形拓展:form (v.)→formation (n. 形成) 例:We should form good learning habits. 我们应该养成良好的学习习惯。 原文 3:Most people believe that it is influenced by both nature and the environment(that 引导整句作宾语从句). (大多数人认为它同时受到先天和环境的影响。) 考点 1:that 引导宾语从句 讲解:that 只起连接作用,在从句中不作成分,陈述句变宾语从句时 that 常可省略。 例:I think (that) he is right. 我认为他是对的。 考点 2:both...and... 既…… 又……;两者都 讲解:连接并列名词 / 代词,连接并列主语时,谓语动词必须用复数形式。 例:Both Tom and Lily like playing basketball. 汤姆和莉莉都喜欢打篮球。 考点 3:influence 一词多性(v./n.) 动词搭配:influence sb./sth. 影响某人 / 某物;be influenced by 被…… 影响 名词搭配:have an influence on 对…… 产生影响 例:The Internet has a great influence on our lives. 互联网对我们的生活有很大影响。 第二部分:分述一 先天遗传对性格的影响 原文 4:Some parts of your personality are passed on (谓语被动形式)to you (间接宾语)by your parents (动作发出者,状语). (你性格中的某些部分是由父母遗传给你的。) 考点 1:pass on 传递;(基因、特质)遗传 讲解:固定动词短语,既可表示实物传递,也可表示天赋、性格遗传。同义短语 pass down。 例:She passed on her love of music to her daughter. 她把对音乐的热爱传给了女儿。 原文 5:That is why people say, "Like father, like son."(why 引导表语从句) (这就是为什么人们说:“有其父必有其子”。) 考点 1:why 引导表语从句 讲解:why 在从句中充当原因状语,表语从句一律使用陈述语序。 例:That is why I was late for school. 那就是我上学迟到的原因。 考点 2:谚语 Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子 拓展同类谚语:Like mother, like daughter. 有其母必有其女。 原文 6:Sometimes, these qualities do not change easily,and may remain the same(表语) for your whole life(时间状语). (有时候,这些特质不容易改变,可能会伴随你一生。) 考点 1:remain (v.) 保持;仍然是 用法:系动词属性,后面可接形容词、名词作表语,无被动语态。 例:The room remained clean after the party. 派对结束后房间仍旧干干净净。 考点 2:for + 时间段 讲解:表示动作或状态持续一段时间,常用于一般现在时、现在完成时。 例:I have lived here for 10 years. 我在这里住了十年。 第三部分:分述二 后天环境对性格的塑造 原文 7:The environment, including your education, your experiences as well as the people around you(作插入语,补充说明主语), can change your personality. (环境,包括你的教育、你的经历以及你身边的人,都能改变你的性格。) 考点 1:including (prep.) 包括 讲解:介词,后接名词 / 动名词,常用在名词后作补充插入成分。 例:Many students, including Tom, went to the park. 包括汤姆在内,很多学生都去了公园。 考点 2:as well as(和;以及) 讲解:并列连词,连接并列名词;并列主语时遵循就前原则,谓语和前面主语保持单复数。 例:The teacher as well as his students likes reading. 老师和他的学生都喜爱阅读。 考点 3:experience 一词多义 ① n. 经历(可数名词,复数 experiences) 例:He had many interesting experiences in Africa. 他在非洲有许多有趣的经历。 ② n. 经验(不可数名词,无复数) 例:She has rich teaching experience. 她教学经验丰富。 原文 8:For example, you may become confident if you successfully complete difficult tasks through hard work (if 引导条件状语从句). (例如,如果你通过努力成功完成了困难的任务,你可能会变得自信。) 考点 1:if 引导条件状语从句 时态规则:主将从现,主句含情态动词 / 将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。 例:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们就居家。 考点 2:词性转换 success 系列 success (n. 成功)→successful (adj. 成功的)→successfully (adv. 成功地) 例:The project was a great success. 这个项目大获成功。 He finished the work successfully. 他顺利完成了工作。 考点 3:through (prep.) 通过(方式、手段) 例:We can learn English through watching movies. 我们可以通过看电影学习英语。 原文 9:That is how your experiences influence your personality(how 引导表语从句). (这就是你的经历如何影响你的性格的。) 第四部分:总结段落 先天与环境共同塑造性格 原文 10:These things all influence your personality, in other words(衔接两个并列分句), a mix of nature and the environment most likely shapes your personality. (这些因素都会影响你的性格,换句话说,先天和环境的结合最有可能塑造了你的性格。) 考点 1:in other words 换句话说 讲解:插入语,用来同义转述前文内容,前后常用逗号隔开。 例:He is very busy, in other words, he can't go with us. 他很忙,换句话说,没法和我们同行。 考点 2:shape (v.) 塑造;使成形 例:Our experiences shape our character. 过往经历塑造我们的品性。 考点 3:most likely 很可能 讲解:副词短语,位置灵活,可放句首、谓语前或句末。 例:Most likely, he will come tomorrow. 他大概率明天会来。 三、任务型阅读 How is your personality formed? How is your personality formed? Introduction • Personality is defined as a special (1) of one's thoughts, feelings and behaviours. • Most people hold the belief that it is (2) by both nature and the environment. Influence by Nature • Certain personality qualities are (3) down from parents to their children. • The famous saying "Like father, like son" is often used to (4) this genetic effect. • These qualities are not easily (5) and may remain unchanged throughout one's life. Influence by Environment • The environment (6) of education, personal experiences and the people around us. • Successfully finishing challenging tasks through hard work may help you develop (7). • This typical example clearly (8) how life experiences shape our personality. • Education and social relationships are key environmental (9) that change us. Conclusion • To (10) up, a combination of nature and nurture most likely shapes a person's personality. Critical Thinking • Some people claim that personality is completely fixed at birth and never changes. Do you agree with this view? Why or why not? (Explain in at least 20 words.) (11) 四、答案讲解 1. mix/combination 【原文定位】第一段第一句:Your personality is a special mix of your thoughts, feelings and behaviours. 【解题思路】细节理解 + 同义替换题。题干 “a special \\_ of” 和原文固定搭配 a special mix of 对应,mix、combination 均可。 2. influenced/affected 【原文定位】第一段第三句:Most people believe that it is influenced by both nature and the environment. 【解题思路】语态转换题,原文被动语态直接套用,affected 为同义词替换。 3. passed/handed 【原文定位】第二段第一句:Some parts of your personality are passed on to you by your parents. 【解题思路】短语替换,pass on=pass down(遗传);hand down 也表示代代传承。 4. prove/show/illustrate 【原文定位】第二段第二句:That is why people say, "Like father, like son." 【解题思路】句意归纳,谚语用来证明先天遗传的观点,三个单词都符合语境。 5. changed/altered 【原文定位】第二段第三句:Sometimes, these qualities do not change easily and may remain the same for your whole life. 【解题思路】语态转换,原文主动 do not change 改为被动 are not easily changed。 6. consists 【原文定位】第三段第一句:The environment, including your education, your experiences as well as the people around you... 【解题思路】同义转换,including 转化为 consist of(由…… 组成),主语单数,谓语用三单。 7. confidence/self-confidence 【原文定位】第三段第二句:...you may become confident if you successfully complete difficult tasks through hard work. 【解题思路】词性转换:形容词 confident→名词 confidence,作 develop 的宾语。 8. shows/demonstrates/illustrates 【原文定位】第三段第三句:That is how your experiences influence your personality. 【解题思路】词义替换,例句可以表明经历塑造性格,谓语动词用三单形式。 9. factors/elements 【原文定位】第三段第一句:The environment, including your education, your experiences as well as the people around you... 【解题思路】词义概括,教育、经历、身边人都属于影响性格的环境因素。 10. Sum 【原文定位】第四段:These things all influence your personality, in other words, a mix of nature and the environment most likely shapes your personality. 【解题思路】固定短语:to sum up 总而言之,用于结尾总结。 11. 参考范文:I don't agree with this view. Although some basic qualities are inborn, we can still develop new traits through education, experiences and continuous learning as we grow up. 第四篇 What influences your personality?(P17) 原文 1:Sandy: What (主语)do you think (插入语) influences your personality, Simon? (桑迪:西蒙,你认为什么影响了你的性格?) 原文 2:Simon: I think that playing football has influenced my personality and taught me never to give up (that 引导的宾语从句,that 可省略). (西蒙:我认为踢足球影响了我的性格,教会了我永不放弃。) 考点 1:动名词作主语 讲解:动名词或动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词必须用单数形式。 例:Swimming is my favourite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。) 考点 2:teach 的用法 讲解:teach 后接双宾语,常用结构为teach sb. sth 或 teach sb. to do sth,否定形式为teach sb. not/never to do sth。 例 1:My father taught me English when I was young.(我小时候爸爸教我英语。) 例 2:She taught me to ride a bike last week.(她上周教我骑自行车。) 考点 3:give up 放弃 讲解:固定短语,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 例 1:Never give up when you face difficulties.(面对困难时永远不要放弃。) 例 2:He gave up drinking three years ago.(他三年前戒酒了。) 原文 3:Sandy: What do you mean?(桑迪:你是什么意思?) 考点 1:mean 的用法辨析 讲解: 1. mean (v.) 意思是;意味着,常用搭配:What do you mean?(你是什么意思?) 例:What does this word mean?(这个单词是什么意思?) 2. mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 例 :Getting up early means catching the early bus.(早起意味着能赶上早班车。) 3. mean to do sth. 打算做某事;故意做某事 例:I didn't mean to hurt you.(我不是故意要伤害你的。) 原文 4:Simon: Well, at first, I wasn't very good at football, but I really enjoyed it.(西蒙:嗯,一开始我并不擅长踢足球,但我真的很喜欢。) 考点 1:at first 起初;一开始 讲解:表示时间顺序,常与 later, then, finally 等词连用。 考点 2:be good at 擅长 讲解:后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,同义短语为do well in。 例:She is good at playing the piano. = She does well in playing the piano.(她擅长弹钢琴。) 原文 5:I decided to practise as often as I could.(比较状语从句,修饰 practise) (我决定尽可能多地练习。) 考点 1:decide to do sth. 决定做某事 讲解:decide 后只能接不定式作宾语,不能接动名词。其名词形式为 decision,常用搭配make a decision to do sth。 例 1:She decided to go to college in Beijing.(她决定去北京上大学。) 例 2:He made a decision to lose weight.(他决定减肥。) 考点 2:as...as sb. can/could 尽可能…… 讲解:中间加形容词或副词原级,相当于as...as possible。 例 1:Please write as carefully as you can. = Please write as carefully as possible.(请尽可能写得仔细一点。) 例 2:We should help others as much as we can.(我们应该尽可能多地帮助别人。) 原文 6:Now I'm in the school team.(现在我在校队里了。) 原文 7:Sandy: That's great. Your hard work paid off.(桑迪:太棒了。你的努力得到了回报。) 考点 1:pay 相关短语辨析 短语 含义 用法 例句 pay off 取得成功;得到回报 不及物动词短语,不接宾语 All our efforts paid off at last.(我们所有的努力最终都得到了回报。) pay for 为…… 付款;为…… 付出代价 及物动词短语,接宾语 I paid 50 yuan for this T-shirt.(我花了 50 元买这件 T 恤。) pay back 偿还;报答 及物动词短语,接宾语 I will pay back the money to you next week.(我下周会把钱还给你。) 原文 8:Simon: So now, no matter what challenges I meet( 让步状语从句), I won't give up until I find a way to succeed (until 引导的时间状语从句). (西蒙:所以现在,无论我遇到什么挑战,我都不会放弃,直到找到成功的方法。) 考点 1:no matter what 无论什么 讲解:引导让步状语从句,相当于whatever,从句必须使用陈述语序。 例:No matter what you say, I won't change my mind. = Whatever you say, I won't change my mind.(无论你说什么,我都不会改变主意。) 拓展:no matter who = whoever 无论谁;no matter when = whenever 无论何时;no matter where = wherever 无论哪里 考点 2:until 引导的时间状语从句 讲解: (1)until 直到…… 为止:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来(主将从现)。 例 :I will stay here until the rain stops.(我会待在这里直到雨停。) (2)not...until... 直到…… 才……:表示主句的动作直到从句的动作发生时才开始。 例 :She didn't go to bed until she finished her homework.(她直到做完作业才睡觉。) 考点 3:a way to do sth. 做某事的方法 讲解:不定式作后置定语修饰 way,同义结构为a way of doing sth.。 例:This is a good way to improve your English. = This is a good way of improving your English.(这是提高你英语水平的好方法。) 原文 9:Sandy: What an excellent quality!(桑迪:多么优秀的品质啊!) 第五篇 A recommendation letter for David(P18) 一、结构分析 本文采用总 — 分 — 总结构,是一封标准的英文正式推荐信,围绕 “推荐 David 担任学生会主席” 这一核心目的展开。 部分 结构作用 核心内容 第一部分 总述点题,开门见山 以正式书信称呼开篇,直接说明写信目的是推荐 David 担任学生会主席,并总述他完全具备该职位所需的所有品质 第二部分 分述核心能力,夯实说服力 重点阐述 David 最核心的两项职场能力:出色的沟通表达能力与优秀的团队协作能力,通过具体行为描述支撑观点 第三部分 分述个人品质,丰富人物形象 从三个维度补充 David 的优秀个人品质:乐于助人、富有创造力、自信果敢,结合 “改进回收项目” 等具体事例增强可信度 第四部分 总结升华,表达请求 总结前文所有理由,再次强调 David 是学生会主席的最佳人选,并正式请求老师考虑他的申请,以标准书信格式收尾 二、文章详解 第一部分:总述写信目的与推荐理由 原文 1:I am writing to recommend David for president of the Students' Union (不定式作目的状语). (我写信是为了推荐 David 担任学生会主席。) 考点 1:recommend (v.) 推荐;建议 词形转换:recommend (v.) → recommendation (n. 推荐;推荐信) 例: 核心搭配: (1)recommend sb. for sth. 推荐某人担任某职位 例:We recommend him for the monitor.(我们推荐他当班长。) (2)recommend sb. to do sth. 推荐某人做某事 例:I recommend you to read this book.(我推荐你读这本书。) (3)recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 例:She recommends going there by bus.(她建议坐公交车去那里。) 原文 2:David has all of the qualities for the position (介词短语作后置定语) . (David 具备担任这个职位所需的所有品质。) 考点 1:quality (n.) 品质;质量(一词多义考点) 含义 1:品质(可数名词,复数 qualities) 例:He has many good qualities.(他有很多优秀品质。) 含义 2:质量(不可数名词) 例:The clothes are of good quality.(这些衣服质量很好。) 考点 2:position (n.) 职位;位置 搭配:apply for a position 申请职位;in a good position 处于有利位置 例:He applied for a position in the company.(他申请了公司的一个职位。) 第二部分:分述 David 的核心能力 —— 沟通与团队协作 原文 3:David has excellent communication skills and is able to work well with others. (David 有出色的沟通能力,能够与他人很好地合作。) 考点 1:communication (n.) 交流;沟通 词形转换:communicate (v.) 交流 → communication (n.) 核心搭配:communication skills 沟通能力;communicate with sb. 和某人交流 例:We should communicate with our parents often.(我们应该经常和父母交流。) 考点 2:work well with others 与他人合作融洽 同义表达:get on/along well with others 例:A good team player can work well with others.(一个好的团队成员能与他人合作融洽。) 原文 4:He not only knows how to express himself clearly, but is also good at listening to others. (他不仅知道如何清晰地表达自己,还善于倾听他人。) 考点 1:not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且……(中考必考) 用法:连接两个并列成分(主语、谓语、宾语、表语等) 主谓一致:遵循就近原则,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致 例:Not only he but also his sister likes music.(不仅他,他妹妹也喜欢音乐。) 考点 2:“疑问词 + 不定式” 结构 讲解:由 “what/who/which/when/where/how + 不定式” 构成,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语,相当于一个宾语从句。 例:I don't know what to do next.(我不知道下一步该做什么。)(作宾语) The question is where to go.(问题是去哪里。)(作表语) 考点 3:express (v.) 表达 词形转换:express (v.) → expression (n. 表达;表情) 搭配:express oneself 表达自己;express thanks to sb. 向某人表达感谢 例:She can express herself freely in English.(她能用英语自由地表达自己。) 考点 4:listen to 与 hear 辨析 listen to:强调 “听” 的动作,是不及物动词,需加介词 to hear:强调 “听” 的结果,意为 “听到” 例:Listen to me carefully!(认真听我说!) I heard a strange noise last night.(昨晚我听到了一个奇怪的声音。) 原文 5:What's more, he is a good team player. (而且,他是一个优秀的团队合作者。) 考点 1:What's more 而且;此外 讲解:用于句首,引出递进关系的内容,相当于 besides, moreover。 例:The film is interesting. What's more, it has a happy ending.(这部电影很有趣,而且结局很圆满。) 考点 2:team player 团队合作者 写作万能表达:用于描述人物的团队协作能力 例:To be successful, you need to be a good team player.(要想成功,你需要成为一个优秀的团队合作者。) 原文 6:He knows how to work with different kinds of people. (他知道如何与不同类型的人合作。) 原文7:These abilities allow him to cooperate well with our classmates and teachers(不定式作宾语补足语). (这些能力使他能够与我们的同学和老师很好地合作。) 考点 1:allow (v.) 允许(中考高频词) 核心搭配: (1)allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 例:My parents allow me to watch TV on weekends.(我父母允许我周末看电视。) (2)allow doing sth. 允许做某事 例:We don't allow smoking in the classroom.(我们不允许在教室里吸烟。) 考点 2:cooperate (v.) 合作 词形转换:cooperate (v.) → cooperation (n.) 合作 搭配:cooperate with sb. 和某人合作 例:We should cooperate with each other to finish the task.(我们应该互相合作完成任务。) 第三部分:分述 David 的其他优秀品质 原文 8:David has many other good qualities.(David 还有很多其他优秀品质。) 原文 9:He is very helpful.(他非常乐于助人。) 考点 1:helpful (adj.) 乐于助人的;有帮助的 词形转换:help (v./n.) 帮助 → helpful (adj.) → helpless (adj.) 无助的 搭配:be helpful to sb. 对某人有帮助 例:She is a helpful girl.(她是一个乐于助人的女孩。) This book is very helpful to me.(这本书对我很有帮助。) 原文 10:He spends a lot of time (宾语) helping with our class projects (现在分词短语作宾语补足语).(他花很多时间帮助我们做班级项目。) 考点 1:spend (v.) 花费(中考四大花费之一,必考) 核心搭配(主语必须是人): (1)sb spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间 / 金钱做某事(in 可省略) 例:I spend two hours doing my homework every day.(我每天花两个小时做作业。) (2)sb spend time/money on sth. 在某事上花费时间 / 金钱 例:She spent 100 yuan on the dress.(她花了 100 元买这条裙子。) 考点 2:help with sth. 帮助做某事 同义表达:help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 例:Can you help me with my English?(你能帮我学英语吗?) 原文 11:He is creative too.(他也很有创造力。) 考点 1:creative (adj.) 有创造力的 词形转换:create (v.) 创造 → creative (adj.) → creativity (n.) 创造力 → creator (n.) 创造者 例:He is a creative artist.(他是一位有创造力的艺术家。) 原文 12:Recently, he came up with some new ways to improve our school's recycling project (不定式作后置定语).(最近,他想出了一些改进我们学校回收项目的新方法。) 考点 1:come up with 想出;提出 讲解:后接表示 “主意、方法、计划” 等的名词,主语通常是人。 例:She came up with a good idea at the meeting.(她在会上想出了一个好主意。) 考点 2:way to do sth. 做某事的方法 同义结构:way of doing sth. 例:This is a good way to learn English. = This is a good way of learning English.(这是学英语的好方法。) 考点 3:improve (v.) 改进;提高 词形转换:improve (v.) → improvement (n.) 改进;提高 搭配:improve one's English 提高英语水平;improve living conditions 改善生活条件 例:I want to improve my English.(我想提高我的英语水平。) 原文 13:David is also confident and never afraid to voice his ideas (不定式作原因状语).(David 也很自信,从不害怕表达自己的想法。) 考点 1:confident (adj.) 自信的 词形转换:confident (adj.) → confidence (n.) 自信 搭配:be confident of sth. 对某事有信心;be confident in doing sth. 有信心做某事 例:He is confident of passing the exam.(他有信心通过考试。) 考点 2:be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 同义结构:be afraid of doing sth. 例:She is afraid to go out at night. = She is afraid of going out at night.(她害怕晚上出去。) 考点 3:voice (v.) 表达;吐露(词性转换考点) 讲解:此处为动词用法,相当于 express;作名词时意为 “声音”。 例:He voiced his opinion at the meeting.(他在会上表达了自己的观点。) 原文 14:He thinks he can do things well if he tries his best (宾语从句). (他认为只要他尽力,就能把事情做好。) 考点 1:try one's best 尽某人最大努力 同义短语:do one's best 搭配:try one's best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事 例:I will try my best to help you.(我会尽我最大努力帮助你。) 第四部分:总结推荐并表达请求 原文 14:For all of these reasons (原因状语), I believe that David is the right choice for president of the Students' Union (that 引导的宾语从句). (基于所有这些原因,我认为 David 是学生会主席的合适人选。) 考点 1:for all of these reasons 基于所有这些原因 讲解:用于文章结尾总结前文理由,是议论文和书信的万能过渡短语。 例:For all of these reasons, I decided to study hard.(基于所有这些原因,我决定努力学习。) 考点 2:choice (n.) 选择 词形转换:choose (v.) 选择 → choice (n.) → chosen (过去分词) 搭配:make a choice 做选择;the right choice 正确的选择 例:It's hard to make a choice between the two books.(在这两本书之间做选择很难。) 原文 15:I hope that you consider him for this position (that 引导的宾语从句).(我希望您考虑他担任这个职位。) 考点 1:hope (v.) 希望(中考易错点) 正确用法:hope to do sth. 希望做某事 hope + that 从句 希望…… 易错提醒:不能说 hope sb. to do sth.,正确表达是 wish sb. to do sth. ❌ 错误:I hope you to come. ✅ 正确:I wish you to come.(我希望你来。) 例:I hope to visit Beijing next year.(我希望明年去北京。) I hope that you will have a good time.(我希望你玩得开心。) 考点 2:consider (v.) 考虑 核心搭配:consider sth./doing sth 考虑某事 / 做某事;consider sb for sth. 考虑某人担任某职位(本句用法) 例:He is considering changing his job.(他正在考虑换工作。) They are considering him for the manager.(他们正在考虑让他当经理。) ( — 1 — ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 1 Know yourself 课文精讲(暑假预习专用)2026-2027学年译林版 九年级英语上册
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Unit 1 Know yourself 课文精讲(暑假预习专用)2026-2027学年译林版 九年级英语上册
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Unit 1 Know yourself 课文精讲(暑假预习专用)2026-2027学年译林版 九年级英语上册
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