精品解析：河南省实验中学2026届高三全真模拟（三）英语试题

2026届高考全真模拟III 高三英语 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写。 3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。 4. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音读两遍。 1. What will the man do next? A. Unpack his suitcase. B. Board a flight. C. Fill out a form. 2. What does Sarah plan to do after graduation? A. Do volunteer work. B. Pursue a higher degree. C. Run the family business. 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. Buying a car. B. Moving house. C. Fixing the window. 4. What does the woman think of the ski area? A. It’s a bit crowded. B. It has poor snow. C. It’s too far away. 5. Where are the speakers heading? A. The Art Centre. B. The Grand Theatre. C. The Stone Bridge. 第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What did the woman do? A. She went over the speed limit. B. She parked in a school zone. C. She drove through a red light. 7. What time does school finish on Wednesdays? A. At 2:00 pm. B. At 2:30 pm. C. At 3:30 pm. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Former schoolmates. C. Family relatives. 9. Who will Grace have dinner with? 88137:uId:88137 A. Fiona. B. Jennifer. C. David. 10. What is Kevin going to do next? A. Buy a drink. B. Play basketball. C. Greet a friend. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman say about news programs? A. They are replaced by documentaries. B. They have been reduced in number. C. They focus on the life of celebrities. 12. What is the man’s attitude toward reality shows? A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Uncertain. 13. What does the woman expect TV programs to be? A. Educational. B. Diverse. C. Entertaining. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Who is Cathy? A. A school teacher. B. A radio host. C. A government official. 15. What can the visiting adults do in the school? A. Give speeches. B. Observe classes. C. Organize activities. 16. How can the students benefit from the school program? A. Earn extra credits B. Find job opportunities. C. Learn about adult’s life. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the goal of the school program? A. To improve student-teacher relationship. B. To promote the idea of work-life balance. C. To enhance school-community interaction. 18. Where is the speaker’s city located? A. By the lake. B. On the coast. C. In the Valley. 19 What do the numbers on the signs stand for? A. The duration of flooding. B. The rise in air temperature. C. The height above sea level. 20. What does the success of the project indicate? A. Art can make a difference. B. The homeowners are creative. C. Climate change is controllable. 第二部分: 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节：（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、 B、C、 D中选出最佳选项。 A The fashion industry significantly influences our environment, from major international events to daily clothing. The chart below reveals the hidden environmental cost of fashion weeks last year. These estimates are conservative, as they only include travel emissions from designers and buyers, not other participants. But the problem is much bigger than these events. Fast fashion encourages people to treat clothes as disposable. Clothes stores change their product ranges every few weeks, generating a constant production cycle that causes significant damage to nature. To understand the true cost, we can look at a common item: a pair of jeans. Production: The stage is responsible for the emission of about 13 kilograms of CO2. → Dyeing(染色): The stage consumes over 2,000 liters of water and 10 liters of chemicals and dyes. → Washing: The stage requires over 1,000 liters of water. Overall, the industry accounts for 8% of global CO2 emissions (排放) and 20% of water pollution, leading the UN to declare an "environmental emergency." In response, a shift is beginning. For major fashion events, new formats combining virtual platforms and real-life elements aim to reduce the carbon footprint of global travel. Beyond the runway, a new initiative is taking shape. The expanding influence of online communication helps raise sustainability awareness, encouraging mindful consumption and driving industry change. 1. Which fashion week had the most serious environmental impact? A. Milan. B. London. C. Paris. D. New York. 2. What is the minimum amount of water required in processing a pair of jeans? A. 1000 liters. B. 2000 liters. C. 3000 liters. D. 3010 liters. 3. What change is the fashion industry experiencing regarding sustainability? A. Reducing event scales. B. Employing digital power. C. Seeking policy support. D. Using cheaper materials. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了时尚行业对环境的危害及可持续发展新举措。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表数据，纽约时装周的碳排放为60,000 tCO₂e，高于米兰（28,000）、伦敦（29,000）和巴黎（45,000），是四个选项中数值最高的，对应环境影响最严重。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“Dyeing(染色): The stage consumes over 2,000 liters of water and 10 liters of chemicals and dyes.(染色：这个阶段消耗超过2000升水以及10升化学物质和染料。)”以及“Washing: The stage requires over 1,000 liters of water.(洗涤：这个阶段需要超过1000升水。)”可知，处理一条牛仔裤最少需要的水是染色和洗涤阶段用水之和，即2000 + 1000 = 3000升。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For major fashion events, new formats combining virtual platforms and real-life elements aim to reduce the carbon footprint of global travel. Beyond the runway, a new initiative is taking shape. The expanding influence of online communication helps raise sustainability awareness, encouraging mindful consumption and driving industry change.(对于主要的时尚活动，结合虚拟平台和现实元素的新形式旨在减少全球旅行的碳足迹。在T台之外，一项新的倡议正在形成。在线通信不断扩大的影响力有助于提高可持续发展意识，鼓励理性消费并推动行业变革。)”可知，时尚行业正借助数字技术（虚拟平台、线上传播）推动可持续发展变革。故选B。 B I loved to argue. My fixation on being right had been a mainstay in my life and had often stirred up trouble in my family; there were moments when my marriage became strained and my kids grew distant. The longest fight I had was with my parents, and it dragged on for nearly a year. My habit seemed immortal. Until an afternoon with my granddaughter opened my eyes to the impact my behaviour was having on the people around me. We were playing a board game when she made a move that broke the rules. I corrected her, but she ended up making the same mistake again. I read the rules out loud and asked if she got it this time. She smiled at me and shook her head. “Grandpa, why are you so stubborn?” she asked. “It’s just a game. We’ re here to have fun, aren’t we?” Something about her words really hit home. We weren’t there to be right, we were there to enjoy ourselves — how to move the pieces was merely a backdrop. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared. A few days later, my son came over for dinner. During the meal, he shared a viewpoint that struck me as baseless. Typically, I would have launched myself headfirst into a heated debate with him. But this time, as I parted my lips to respond, I found myself popping a forkful of pie into my mouth instead, enjoying it quietly. My tolerance surprised me, but what really took my breath away as I listened to him was a newfound desire to understand him. This experience brought me a joy that far surpassed (超出) the fleeting satisfaction of winning an argument. In hindsight (事后想), my drive to win hadn’t really been about seeking the truth, but about showing I was better than everyone else. By letting go, I gained way more than I ever did by pushing back. Now I recognise that arguing at the dinner table is much like deciding to drink an extra cup of coffee. It is a matter of self-discipline. I had always understood this concept in theory, but it took a seven-year-old’s intervention for me to apply it. 4. What did the author’s passion for argument contribute to? A. Damaged relationship. B. Moral development. C. Troublesome children. D. Bittersweet marriage. 5. What did the author learn from his granddaughter’s words? A. Good habits were hard to develop. B. Rules didn’t work in a board game. C. Adults were more serious than kids. D. Connection was more vital than right. 6. What surprised the author most during the dinner? A. The awareness of tolerance. B. The flavour of the tasty food. C. The brief joy from winning. D. The urge to understand others. 7. Why does the author mention an extra cup of tea? A. To spread a complex concept. B. To highlight the need for truth. C. To identify the root of his habit. D. To compare two daily activities. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从热衷于争论到学会宽容与理解的心路历程。文章通过描述作者与家人之间的争执，特别是与孙女的互动，以及后来对争论本质的反思，展现了作者个人成长和心态的转变。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My fixation on being right had been a mainstay in my life and had often stirred up trouble in my family; there were moments when my marriage became strained and my kids grew distant.(我执着于正确已经成为我生活中的支柱，并且经常在家里引起麻烦；有时我的婚姻变得紧张，孩子们也变得疏远。)”可知，作者热衷于争论导致了家庭关系的紧张，包括婚姻和与孩子的关系都受到了影响。由此可知，作者热衷于争论导致了受损的关系。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We weren’t there to be right, we were there to enjoy ourselves — how to move the pieces was merely a backdrop. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared.(我们不是在那里为了争谁对谁错，我们是去那里享受自己——如何移动棋子只是背景。真正重要的是我们的纽带和我们共享的时刻。)”可知，作者从孙女的言语中领悟到，在玩乐中，人与人之间的联系和共享的时刻比争论谁对谁错更加重要。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But this time, as I parted my lips to respond, I found myself popping a forkful of pie into my mouth instead, enjoying it quietly. My tolerance surprised me, but what really took my breath away as I listened to him was a newfound desire to understand him.(但这次，当我张开嘴准备回答时，我发现自己反而把一勺馅饼送进了嘴里，静静地享受着。我的宽容让我感到惊讶，但当我听他说话时，真正让我震惊的是一种新发现的想要理解他的渴望。)”可知，作者在晚餐时最惊讶的是自己产生了一种想要理解他人的新渴望，这种渴望超越了以往的争论和反驳。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In hindsight, my drive to win hadn’t really been about seeking the truth, but about showing I was better than everyone else. By letting go, I gained way more than I ever did by pushing back. Now I recognise that arguing at the dinner table is much like deciding to drink an extra cup of coffee. It is a matter of self-discipline.(事后想来，我争胜的欲望其实并不是为了寻求真理，而是为了显示我比其他人更优秀。通过放手，我获得的远比我反抗时要多。现在我认识到，在餐桌上争论就像决定再喝一杯咖啡一样，都是自律的问题。)”可知，作者提到额外的一杯咖啡是为了类比自己在餐桌上的争论行为，指出这两者都是自律的问题，从而揭示了自己争论习惯的根源在于缺乏自律。故选C。 C In recent years, consumers have increasingly sought “clean-label” foods — products made with natural ingredients. This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives (防腐剂，保护剂). They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell. From it, they extract Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and find that it contains special natural substances that can fight bacteria and prevent decay (变质). While this dark liquid has been studied for use in industries like paint and medicine, its potential for preserving food had not been fully explored until now. The scientists designed a careful experiment to test whether CNSL could help preserve beef, one of the most widely consumed meats globally. They applied the liquid to beef samples at different concentrations (含量、浓度). Some meat was left untreated as controls. The samples were then stored under different conditions — some at room temperature and others in refrigeration — for two weeks. During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms (腐败菌), including Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., and Proteus spp. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat. The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer. The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell. 8. Why are scientists studying cashew nut shells? A. To reduce waste in the food industry. B. To improve the taste of processed foods. C. To find natural alternatives to artificial preservatives. D. To develop new industrial materials for paint and medicine. 9. What was the primary focus of the microbiological evaluation? A. The variety of cashew species. B. The safety of refrigerated beef. C. The changes in pH and water activity. D. The effectiveness of CNSL against bacteria. 10. What does the experiment suggest about CNSL? A. It can improve meat quality over time. B. It performs best at room temperature. C. It speeds up the meat’s souring process. D. Its concentration and the storage life are closely related. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of CNSL? A. Fully convinced. B. Cautiously optimistic. C. Hesitant and doubtful. D. Neutral and objective. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了科学家发现腰果壳液有保存食物的效果，介绍了实验设计、实验结果以及未来研究方向。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives (防腐剂，保护剂). They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell.(这一趋势促使科学家们寻找安全、天然的防腐剂。他们将注意力转向了腰果经常被丢弃的一部分——果壳。)”可推知，科学家研究腰果壳是为了寻找天然的防腐剂，以替代人工防腐剂。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms (腐败菌), including Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., and Proteus spp. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat.(在储存过程中，进行了详细的微生物评估，以量化总活菌数和特定的腐败菌，包括假单胞菌属、梭菌属和变形杆菌属。物理化学分析监测了pH值和水分活性的变化，同时在室温下储存期间评估了细菌的生长情况。科学家们发现，经腰果壳液处理的肉类比未经处理的肉类细菌生长明显更少。)”可知，微生物评估的主要关注点是腰果壳液抑制细菌生长的效果。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality.(这种效果在较高浓度时最强，2.0%的溶液在保持了肉质的同时提供了极佳的保护。)”可推知，实验表明腰果壳液的浓度与防腐效果（储存寿命）密切相关。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell.(研究人员指出，需要进一步的研究来了解这种液体是否会影响牛肉的味道和质地，以及如何将其与现代包装相结合以获得更好的效果。尽管如此，这项研究还是打开了一扇窗户，让我们了解大自然自己保持食物新鲜的方式——隐藏在一个不起眼的腰果壳里。 )”可知，作者虽然肯定了目前的研究成果，但也指出了需要进一步研究的地方，态度是谨慎乐观的。 D A new study published in Science suggests AI systems’ responses may disturb people’s ability to handle interpersonal conflicts. Scientists found that when AI chatbots are used for advice on interpersonal issues, they profess users’ perspectives much more often than humans and even praise clearly problematic behaviors. This behavior makes users view AI responses as more trustworthy, so they are more likely to turn to the agreeable AI again for future interpersonal issues. Myra Cheng, a university professor and lead author of the study, was inspired after she learned that undergraduates were increasingly using AI to solve relationship issues. She worries people will lose the skills to deal with difficult social situations, as AI never tells users they are wrong or offers the “tough love” sometimes needed. While AI is overly agreeable on fact-based questions, few studies have explored how Large Language Models (LLMs) powering AI judge social dilemmas (困境). Cheng’s team evaluated 11 major LLMs, including ChatGPT and Gemini, using established interpersonal advice datasets. They also presented LLMs with harmful action statements and tested 2,400 participants who chatted with both overly agreeable and objective AI chatbots. They found AI supported users 49% more often than humans on average and praised problematic behaviors 47% of the time; participants judged overly agreeable AI chatbots as more trustworthy, enhancing their original views. Researchers claimed this preference may leave developers unmotivated to fix AI’s sycophancy, creating a harmful feedback circle, where engagement with AI models and their training could enhance such overly agreeable behavior. Additionally, participants could not distinguish overly agreeable AI chatbots from objective ones, mistakenly thinking they were equally fair. One reason the researchers cited was that AI’s agreement often came wrapped in neutral, academic language, making its biased opinion hard to recognize. The study warns overusing AI for interpersonal advice may disturb moral growth and narrow perspectives, as avoiding social conflicts — easy with AI — is key to healthy relationships. 12. What does the underlined word “profess” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Simplify. B. Back. C. Contradict. D. Dismiss. 13. What is Cheng’s concern? A. AI is dangerously replacing human communication. B. Colleges fail to offer necessary guidance to graduates. C. Students rely too much on digital products in daily study. D. People may gradually lose competence in handling conflicts. 14. What is a finding of Cheng’s experiment? A. Agreeable AI chatbots are preferred. B. There is no perfect solution to social dilemmas. C. LLMs are better at solving fact-based problems. D. AI models provide more objective advice than humans. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Risks of AI’s Overly Agreeable Advice B. A New Study on the Future Development of LLMs C. Ways to Distinguish Biased AI Tools from Objective Ones D. The Importance of Tough Love in Interpersonal Conflicts 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍一项新研究，表明人工智能系统在处理人际冲突问题时，其回复可能会干扰人们处理人际冲突的能力。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Scientists found that when AI chatbots are used for advice on interpersonal issues, they profess users’perspectives much more often than humans and even praise clearly problematic behaviors.(科学家发现，当使用人工智能聊天机器人提供人际问题建议时，它们比人类更频繁地____用户的观点，甚至赞扬明显有问题的行为)”以及后文“users view AI responses as more trustworthy(用户认为人工智能的回复更值得信赖)”可知，人工智能聊天机器人应是支持用户观点，所以才会让用户觉得更可信，“profess”意思应与“支持，赞同”相近。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“She worries people will lose the skills to deal with difficult social situations, as AI never tells users they are wrong or offers the “tough love” sometimes needed.(她担心人们会失去处理棘手社交情况的技能，因为人工智能从不告诉用户他们错了，也不会提供有时所需的 “严厉的爱”)”可知，程教授担心人们可能会逐渐失去处理冲突的能力。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“participants judged overly agreeable AI chatbots as more trustworthy, enhancing their original views.(参与者认为过度认同的人工智能聊天机器人更值得信赖，强化了他们原本的观点)”以及第四段“Researchers claimed this preference may leave developers unmotivated to fix AI’s sycophancy(研究人员声称这种偏好可能会让开发者没有动力去修正人工智能的谄媚行为)”可知，程教授实验的一个发现是过度认同用户的人工智能聊天机器人更受青睐。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study published in Science suggests AI systems’ responses may disturb people’s ability to handle interpersonal conflicts.(一项发表在《科学》期刊上的新研究表明：人工智能系统的回应，可能会削弱人们处理人际矛盾的能力)”可知，文章围绕人工智能在提供人际问题建议时过度认同用户观点这一现象展开，阐述了其可能带来的风险，如干扰人们处理人际冲突能力、干扰道德成长、形成有害反馈循环等，所以A选项“Risks of AI’s Overly Agreeable Advice(人工智能过度认同建议的风险)”最能概括文章主旨, 为最佳标题。 第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。 When I sat in the sun one afternoon, it was noisy outside. The industrious buzz of bees in cherry flowers was annoying, accompanied by “back off” warning chirps from blackbirds nesting in the tree. ____16____ A mini-digger was tearing apart the neighboring garden, sending out a deep, continuous roar. They started with the hedge (树篱) — I thought that was all they were going to do, because it happened around here a lot. ____17____ The first was proudly pointed out to me by the owner; the second I only saw in the aftermath. But this time they had bigger plans. When the hedge was out, they kept clearing away bushes, plants and trees. ____18____ Aren’t we supposed to be a nation of garden lovers? It doesn’t feel like it. ____19____ Paved (铺砌的) driveways have covered what were plots of wild vegetation. And it’s happening almost everywhere. People have their reasons and it’s none of my bleeding-heart business, but I just can’t stop feeling worried. I know people are busy and gardening may feel burdensome. But for anyone who has a corner of outside space, if they can’t do something, at least they can do nothing. Nothing might be the best thing of all, actually, as long as they don’t destroy it. ____20____ Wild grass and flowers feed insects and birds; insects lay eggs in plants; birds line nests in trees... Over time, the negative space where people don’t garden can be precisely where the ordinary magic of life happens. A. Gardens can evolve in their own way. B. There was another noise too, though. C. Gardens are almost as diverse as a rainforest. D. I couldn’t remember exactly the similar happenings. E. It was the third case I had spotted in a matter of weeks. F. By evening, what had once been a garden was no more. G. Every year, a handful of front gardens get concreted over here. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】作者目睹周边花园被破坏改造，感慨园艺空间不断缩减，倡导保留原生园地，守护自然生态生机。 【16题详解】 根据前文“The industrious buzz of bees in cherry flowers was annoying, accompanied by “back off” warning chirps from blackbirds nesting in the tree.(樱花丛中蜜蜂嗡嗡作响惹人烦躁，树上筑巢的乌鸫也发出示警的鸣叫声)”以及空后“A mini-digger was tearing apart the neighboring garden, sending out a deep, continuous roar.(一台小型挖掘机正在破坏隔壁的花园，发出低沉持续的轰鸣声)”可知，前文介绍了自然界的声响，后文出现机械噪音，B选项“There was another noise too, though.(不过还存在另外一种声响)”衔接两类不同声音，引出下文机械作业的噪音，符合语境。 【17题详解】 根据前文“They started with the hedge (树篱) — I thought that was all they were going to do, because it happened around here a lot.(施工从铲除树篱开始，我本以为只会到此为止，这类情况在此处时常发生)”以及后文“The first was proudly pointed out to me by the owner; the second I only saw in the aftermath.(房主曾得意地向我介绍第一处改造场地，第二处我只见到改造后的模样)”可知，后文提及两处改造场地，E选项“It was the third case I had spotted in a matter of weeks.(这是短短几周内我目睹的第三起改造事件)”承接前文频发的改造现象，与后文两处案例形成呼应，符合语境。 【18题详解】 根据前文“When the hedge was out, they kept clearing away bushes, plants and trees.(树篱被铲除后，工人还陆续清理掉各类灌木、花草与树木)”可知，此处描写花园植被被不断清理的过程，F选项“By evening, what had once been a garden was no more.(到傍晚时分，昔日的花园已然不复存在)”总结植被清理后的最终景象，贴合行文逻辑，符合语境。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Paved (铺砌的) driveways have covered what were plots of wild vegetation.(铺设的车道覆盖了原本长满野生植物的地块)”可知，后文讲述花园被硬化改造的现状，G选项“Every year, a handful of front gardens get concreted over here.(每年这里只有少数几处前院花园被浇上混凝土)”总述当地花园被改造的普遍现状，引出后文具体景象，符合语境。 【20题详解】 根据后文“Wild grass and flowers feed insects and birds; insects lay eggs in plants; birds line nests in trees... Over time, the negative space where people don’t garden can be precisely where the ordinary magic of life happens.(野草野花滋养虫鸟，昆虫在草木间产卵，鸟类在树上给巢铺衬，无人打理的园地反而孕育自然生机)”可知，文段强调园地顺其自然生长的价值，A选项“Gardens can evolve in their own way.(花园能够依照自身规律自然发展)”契合本段主旨，引出下文自然生态繁衍的内容，符合语境。 第三部分：语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节： 完形填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was born in a rural town. The life there was simple yet ____21____ — unspoken rules governed everything and new ideas were rarely tolerated. I felt caged and ____22____ by the humble houses, the rough roads, and even the endless stretches of cornfields. Even more unacceptably, independence wasn’t exactly ____23____ there, and I had to follow a beaten path, a life defined by convention. So I ____24____ — far away to a big city. City life was really ____25____. I threw myself into new experiences — sampling new cafes, visiting galleries and playing AR games... to ____26____ my hard-won independence. Yet gradually, beneath the city’s restless energy, a huge ____27____ from not belonging swallowed my heart. The constant motion of city life wasn’t sustainable, and I needed to go back to my ____28____. Years later, I returned to the place I once ____29____. To my surprise, while I had changed, so had my hometown, with small, welcoming ____30____ everywhere: Tall buildings stood towering and various shops lined the widened streets. The cornfields, once symbols of all I longed to escape, became spaces for reflection, progress, and finally ____31____. Admittedly, I feared being labeled as a “failure” at the city life, yet no such ____32____ came — only quiet understanding, or, ____33____, you could say. This homecoming, ____34____, was not just a return, but a(n) ____35____ of the soul, empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life on my own land. 21. A. stable B. addictive C. rigid D. confusing 22. A. ashamed B. puzzled C. thrilled D. choked 23. A. celebrated B. displayed C. explained D. ruined 24. A. sat around B. showed off C. took flight D. gained ground 25. A. conventional B. fascinating C. complicated D. tolerable 26. A. recover B. enjoy C. advertise D. witness 27. A. emptiness B. guilt C. regret D. concern 28. A. duties B. trips C. roots D. destinations 29. A. recalled B. missed C. chose D. resisted 30. A. qualities B. decorations C. inventions D. transformations 31. A. patience B. growth C. memory D. uniqueness 32. A. belief B. impression C. surprise D. judgment 33. A. empathy B. praise C. promise D. gratitude 34. A. particularly B. secretly C. thankfully D. strangely 35. A. exploration B. appreciation C. description D. refreshment 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者出生并成长于一个观念传统、令人窒息的乡村小镇，为了追寻独立生活而逃离到大城市，却在城市的喧嚣中感受到归属感的缺失。多年后作者重返故乡，惊喜地发现家乡早已焕然一新，而这次回归也成为了一次心灵的沉淀与新生。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：那里的生活简单却僵化死板——不成文的规则支配着一切，新思想几乎不被容忍。A. stable稳定的；B. addictive上瘾的；C. rigid僵化的，死板的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据下文“unspoken rules governed everything and new ideas were rarely tolerated”可知，这里的生活是僵化、死板的。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我感到被简陋的房屋、崎岖的道路，甚至一望无际的玉米地困住和窒息压抑。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. thrilled激动的；D. choked窒息的，压抑的。根据上文的“I felt caged”可知，此处表达作者被这种压抑的环境压得喘不过气、感到窒息的状态。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：更让人无法接受的是，独立在那里并不被推崇赞扬，我只能走一条老路，一种被传统定义的生活。A. celebrated推崇，赞扬；B. displayed展示；C. explained解释；D. ruined摧毁。根据下文的“I had to follow a beaten path, a life defined by convention”可知，在家乡作者独立的观念并不被当地推崇。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：所以我逃离了家乡——逃到了很远的大城市。A. sat around闲坐；B. showed off炫耀；C. took flight逃离；D. gained ground取得进展。根据下文“far away to a big city”可知，作者为了摆脱家乡的束缚而逃离。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：城市生活真的很迷人新鲜。A. conventional传统的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. complicated复杂的；D. tolerable可忍受的。根据下文的“I threw myself into new experiences”可知，作者刚到城市时，对一切充满好奇，觉得城市生活十分迷人。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：我一头扎进新的体验中——打卡新咖啡馆、逛美术馆、玩AR游戏……来享受我来之不易的独立。A. recover恢复；B. enjoy享受；C. advertise宣传；D. witness见证。根据上文“I threw myself into new experiences”可知，作者通过各种新鲜的体验来享受自己终于获得的独立生活。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而渐渐地，在城市永不停歇的活力之下，一种不属于这里的巨大空虚感吞噬了我的心。A. emptiness空虚；B. guilt愧疚；C. regret后悔；D. concern担忧。根据下文的“The constant motion of city life wasn’t sustainable”可知，作者在繁华的城市中始终找不到归属感，内心是空虚的。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：城市生活永不停歇的节奏是不可持续的，我需要回到我的故乡根源。A. duties责任；B. trips旅行；C. roots根，故乡；D. destinations目的地。根据下文“Years later, I returned to the place”可知，作者想要回到自己的故乡，也就是自己的“根”。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：多年后，我回到了曾经抗拒逃离的地方。A. recalled回忆；B. missed想念；C. chose选择；D. resisted抗拒。根据上文“So I ________ — far away to a big city”可知，这里指作者回到了自己曾经抗拒、一心想要逃离的地方。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，在我改变的同时，我的家乡也变了，到处都是令人欣喜的小变化：高楼拔地而起，拓宽的街道两旁林立着各式各样的商店。A. qualities品质；B. decorations装饰；C. inventions发明；D. transformations变化，转变。根据下文“Tall buildings stood towering and various shops lined the widened streets”可知，这些都是家乡发生的变化。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：曾经象征着我渴望逃离的一切的玉米地，如今变成了让人反思、进步，最终获得成长的地方。A. patience耐心；B. growth成长；C. memory记忆；D. uniqueness独特性。根据上文的“reflection, progress”可知，此处应表达玉米地带给作者的正向影响，玉米地让人反思，进步和成长。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：诚然，我害怕被贴上“城市生活失败者”的标签，但并没有这样的评判出现——只有平静的理解，或者，你也可以说，是共情体谅。A. belief信念；B. impression印象；C. surprise惊讶；D. judgment评判。根据上文的“I feared being labeled as a ‘failure’, yet”可知，作者担心的是他人对自己的负面评判，而这种评判并没有出现。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：诚然，我害怕被贴上“城市生活失败者”的标签，但并没有这样的评判出现——只有平静的理解，或者，你也可以说，是共情体谅。A. empathy共情；B. praise赞扬；C. promise承诺；D. gratitude感激。根据上文的“quiet understanding”可知，此处应与“理解”并列，表达家乡人对作者选择的体谅与共情。 【34题详解】 考查副词。句意：幸运的是，这次返乡不仅仅是一次回归，更是一次心灵的焕然一新，让我得以扎根故土，在自己的土地上开创新的生活。A. particularly尤其；B. secretly秘密地；C. thankfully幸运的是；D. strangely奇怪地。根据下文的“empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life on my own land”可知，作者对这次返乡的庆幸与感激。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：幸运的是，这次返乡不仅仅是一次回归，更是一次心灵的焕然一新，让我得以扎根故土，在自己的土地上开创新的生活。A. exploration探索；B. appreciation欣赏；C. description描述；D. refreshment焕然一新，恢复活力。根据下文的“empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life”可知，这次返乡让作者的心灵获得了新生。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tiangong Kaiwu, a Chinese space mining project named after a 17th century Ming Dynasty Encyclopedia, is focused on mining water ice from resources in space. Water ice is frozen H₂O ____36____ (find) on moons, planets, comets, and asteroids. It is critical for space exploration. Once split into hydrogen and oxygen, it could transform the Moon ____37____ a refueling station for deep-space missions, potentially reducing costs by up to 90 percent. Actually, celestial (天体的) ____38____ (body) in space offer valuable riches far beyond water ice: asteroids provide precious metals and carbon, the Moon helium-3 for clean energy and building materials, ____39____ the Mars hundreds of minerals. ____40____ (mine) these space resources, Chinese scientists have engineered a six-legged robot which can adapt to the extreme gravitational conditions. Three of its legs ____41____ (fit) with wheels for smooth surfaces, the other three designed to be claw-like grippers (夹子) to ensure ____42____ (stable) across diverse landscapes. The unusual design solves a longstanding engineering challenge: the gravity on the Moon is ____43____ (incredible) weak, so a drill’s force would push a robot away rather than let it dig in. The grippers can lock onto rock with 600 newtons of force to fix this problem. Moreover, the robot runs on power directly harvested from lunar water ice, literally ____44____ (tap) local resources to sustain long-duration missions. With the plan rolled out in phases, China is unveiling “space +” ambitions to explore ____45____ whole solar system. 【答案】36. found 37. into 38. bodies 39. and 40. To mine 41. are fitted 42. stability 43. incredibly 44. tapping 45. the 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍中国以《天工开物》命名的太空采矿计划，太空资源的利用价值、特制采矿机器人的设计优势以及我国探索整个太阳系的太空发展愿景。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：水冰是存在于卫星、行星、彗星以及小行星上的固态水。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，H₂O与find之间为被动关系，所以使用find的过去分词found。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：一旦分解为氢气和氧气，它就能将月球转变为深空任务的补给站，有望降低高达百分之九十的成本。此处为固定搭配transform...into...意为“将……转变为……”，所以使用介词into。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：事实上，太空中的各类天体能够提供远超水冰的宝贵资源。celestial body为可数名词，此处泛指多个天体，需用复数形式bodies。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：小行星蕴藏贵金属与碳，月球拥有清洁能源氦-3与建筑材料，火星则蕴含数百种矿物质。前后为并列列举的内容，用并列连词and连接。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了开采这些太空资源，中国科学家研发了一款能够适应极端重力环境的六足机器人。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以使用动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首单词首字母大写，所以使用To mine。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态与语态。句意：它的三条腿部装有轮子，适用于平整表面。句子描述客观设计特点，用一般现在时，主语Three of its legs与fit为被动关系，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词填are fitted。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：另外三条腿设计为爪式夹子结构，确保机器人在各类地形中保持稳定。动词ensure后接名词作宾语，stable的名词形式为stability意为“稳定”。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：这种独特设计解决了一项长期存在的工程难题：月球的引力极其微弱，因此钻头的推力会把机器人推离，而不是让它钻入。此处修饰形容词weak，需用副词，incredible的副词形式为incredibly意为“极其”。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，该机器人直接利用月球水冰获取能源，切实依托本土资源维持长期探测任务。此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the robot与tap为主动关系，所以使用tap的现在分词tapping。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：随着计划分阶段推进，中国正逐步展现探索整个太阳系的“太空+”宏伟蓝图。固定搭配the whole solar system，whole前通常加定冠词the表特指，所以填the。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary制作了一张关于中国茶文化的海报（见下图），来信征求你的意见。请给她写一封回信，内容包括： 1．你的评价； 2．你的建议。 注意： （1）写作词数为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mary, I am really glad to receive your poster about Chinese tea culture. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mary, I am really glad to see your poster about Chinese tea culture. Your poster looks wonderful! The delicate tea leaf designs and the phrase “Tasty, sweet” perfectly capture the appeal of Chinese tea, making it both eye-catching and easy to understand. To make it richer, you can add a short note about common tea types like green tea, or mention how tea plays an important role in Chinese daily life. A small teapot pattern would also add more fun to it. I really appreciate your interest in Chinese culture. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生对英国笔友Mary制作的一张关于中国茶文化的海报，表达自己的评价并提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 极好的：wonderful→ fantastic 引人注目的：eye-catching→ remarkable 提及：mention→ refer to 丰富的：richer→ abundant 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I really appreciate your interest in Chinese culture. 拓展句：I really appreciate that you show such sincere interest in Chinese culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The delicate tea leaf designs and the phrase “Tasty, sweet” perfectly capture the appeal of Chinese tea, making it both eye-catching and easy to understand.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】To make it richer, you can add a short note about common tea types like green tea, or mention how tea plays an important role in Chinese daily life.（运用了动词不定式To do sth作目的状语以及连接副词how引导的宾语从句） 第二节：（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We walked to the harbor at dawn, saying goodbye to sailboats, lobsters, and the ocean — my beloved home. As a sorrowful bell rang, Dad asked if I had any last farewells. I bit my lip: Goodbye, home. Soon, we were heading west to Grandpa’s farm, where Dad grew up with chickens and cattle. I hated the idea. Dad talked about the beauty of the desert and Rocky Mountains, but I only cared about beach shells and seagulls’ (海鸥) cries. After six days of driving, we arrived at Grandpa’s dusty farm. Ben, my two-year-old brother, quickly fell in love with the cow and sheep, but I felt lonely. Grandpa gave me the attic (顶楼) bedroom, where I unpacked my favorite things: a beach towel, a framed starfish, and a shell collection, placing them by the window to feel closer to home. The night before school started, I stared at my notebook. I’d made two lists: “Old Things I Miss” (pleasant salt smell, seagulls, friends) and “New Things I Love” — which was still blank. I dreamed of seagulls tracking lobster boats, but woke to the sound of Grandpa’s tractor. To my shock, a flock of seagulls circled above the ploughed (犁过的) field, skimming for worms. Dad explained they were Utah’s state birds, heroes who’d saved settlers from starvation. As I listened to their cries, a faint warmth touched my heart. Before leaving for school, I slipped the notebook into my backpack. Maybe desert gulls were a sign — but would I really find new things to love here? I twisted (转动) the shell keychain in my pocket — one of my favorite shells from the ocean, wondering if a “sea girl” could ever call the desert home. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On my first day at school, the shell keychain in my hand caught a girl’s eye. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As the days passed, the “New Things I Love” grew longer and longer. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 On my first day at school, the shell keychain in my hand caught a girl’s eye. She walked up to me with a big smile, her eyes fixed on the keychain. “Wow, that’s so beautiful! Is it from the sea?” she asked, her voice filled with curiosity. I nodded, a bit shyly. She then told me that she had always dreamed of seeing the ocean. We started chatting, and I found out her name was Maya. She shared stories about the unique plants and animals in the desert, like the cacti that could survive in the harsh environment. As we talked, I began to see the desert in a new light. As the days passed, the “New Things I Love” grew longer and longer. I added Maya’s friendship to the list. I also included the breathtaking sunsets over the desert, the soft sand that felt warm under my feet, and the mysterious starry skies at night. I started to explore the desert with Maya, and we discovered hidden canyons and small oases. The once-foreign place was slowly becoming a part of me. I realized that I could love both the ocean and the desert, and that home was wherever I found beauty, friendship, and a sense of belonging. 【解析】 【导语】讲述作者一家离开海边的家前往爷爷在西部的农场，作者对新环境充满抵触，思念旧家，开学前在笔记本列新旧事物清单，新事物清单为空，看到沙漠中的海鸥后心中有了一丝温暖，对能否爱上新环境仍存疑虑。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者女孩因贝壳钥匙链主动与作者交流，表达对海洋的向往，作者与女孩聊天，得知女孩名字及沙漠相关故事，作者开始重新审视沙漠 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写作者将与女孩的友谊等新事物添加到清单，作者和女孩探索沙漠，发现新的美好，作者意识到能同时爱上海洋和沙漠，领悟家的新含义。 2.续写线索：女孩被钥匙链吸引——交流得知女孩信息及沙漠故事——重新看待沙漠——清单增加新事物——探索沙漠发现美好——领悟家的含义。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①告诉：tell /inform ②意识到：realize/be aware 情绪类 ①好奇：curiosity/inquisitiveness ②严峻的：harsh/severe 【点睛】【高分句型 1】She walked up to me with a big smile, her eyes fixed on the keychain.（运用了“名词+过去分词”的独立主格结构） 【高分句型 2】As we talked, I began to see the desert in a new light.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句 ） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届高考全真模拟III 高三英语 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写。 3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。 4. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音读两遍。 1. What will the man do next? A. Unpack his suitcase. B. Board a flight. C. Fill out a form. 2. What does Sarah plan to do after graduation? A. Do volunteer work. B. Pursue a higher degree. C. Run the family business. 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. Buying a car. B. Moving house. C. Fixing the window. 4. What does the woman think of the ski area? A. It’s a bit crowded. B. It has poor snow. C. It’s too far away. 5. Where are the speakers heading? A. The Art Centre. B. The Grand Theatre. C. The Stone Bridge. 第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What did the woman do? A. She went over the speed limit. B. She parked in a school zone. C. She drove through a red light. 7. What time does school finish on Wednesdays? A. At 2:00 pm. B. At 2:30 pm. C. At 3:30 pm. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Former schoolmates. C. Family relatives. 9. Who will Grace have dinner with? 88137:uId:88137 A. Fiona. B. Jennifer. C. David. 10. What is Kevin going to do next? A. Buy a drink. B. Play basketball. C. Greet a friend. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman say about news programs? A. They are replaced by documentaries. B. They have been reduced in number. C. They focus on the life of celebrities. 12. What is the man’s attitude toward reality shows? A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Uncertain. 13. What does the woman expect TV programs to be? A. Educational. B. Diverse. C. Entertaining. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Who is Cathy? A. A school teacher. B. A radio host. C. A government official. 15. What can the visiting adults do in the school? A. Give speeches. B. Observe classes. C. Organize activities. 16. How can the students benefit from the school program? A. Earn extra credits B. Find job opportunities. C. Learn about adult’s life. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the goal of the school program? A. To improve student-teacher relationship. B. To promote the idea of work-life balance. C. To enhance school-community interaction. 18. Where is the speaker’s city located? A. By the lake. B. On the coast. C. In the Valley. 19 What do the numbers on the signs stand for? A. The duration of flooding. B. The rise in air temperature. C. The height above sea level. 20. What does the success of the project indicate? A. Art can make a difference. B. The homeowners are creative. C. Climate change is controllable. 第二部分: 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节：（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、 B、C、 D中选出最佳选项。 A The fashion industry significantly influences our environment, from major international events to daily clothing. The chart below reveals the hidden environmental cost of fashion weeks last year. These estimates are conservative, as they only include travel emissions from designers and buyers, not other participants. But the problem is much bigger than these events. Fast fashion encourages people to treat clothes as disposable. Clothes stores change their product ranges every few weeks, generating a constant production cycle that causes significant damage to nature. To understand the true cost, we can look at a common item: a pair of jeans. Production: The stage is responsible for the emission of about 13 kilograms of CO2. → Dyeing(染色): The stage consumes over 2,000 liters of water and 10 liters of chemicals and dyes. → Washing: The stage requires over 1,000 liters of water. Overall, the industry accounts for 8% of global CO2 emissions (排放) and 20% of water pollution, leading the UN to declare an "environmental emergency." In response, a shift is beginning. For major fashion events, new formats combining virtual platforms and real-life elements aim to reduce the carbon footprint of global travel. Beyond the runway, a new initiative is taking shape. The expanding influence of online communication helps raise sustainability awareness, encouraging mindful consumption and driving industry change. 1. Which fashion week had the most serious environmental impact? A. Milan. B. London. C. Paris. D. New York. 2. What is the minimum amount of water required in processing a pair of jeans? A. 1000 liters. B. 2000 liters. C. 3000 liters. D. 3010 liters. 3. What change is the fashion industry experiencing regarding sustainability? A. Reducing event scales. B. Employing digital power. C. Seeking policy support. D. Using cheaper materials. B I loved to argue. My fixation on being right had been a mainstay in my life and had often stirred up trouble in my family; there were moments when my marriage became strained and my kids grew distant. The longest fight I had was with my parents, and it dragged on for nearly a year. My habit seemed immortal. Until an afternoon with my granddaughter opened my eyes to the impact my behaviour was having on the people around me. We were playing a board game when she made a move that broke the rules. I corrected her, but she ended up making the same mistake again. I read the rules out loud and asked if she got it this time. She smiled at me and shook her head. “Grandpa, why are you so stubborn?” she asked. “It’s just a game. We’ re here to have fun, aren’t we?” Something about her words really hit home. We weren’t there to be right, we were there to enjoy ourselves — how to move the pieces was merely a backdrop. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared. A few days later, my son came over for dinner. During the meal, he shared a viewpoint that struck me as baseless. Typically, I would have launched myself headfirst into a heated debate with him. But this time, as I parted my lips to respond, I found myself popping a forkful of pie into my mouth instead, enjoying it quietly. My tolerance surprised me, but what really took my breath away as I listened to him was a newfound desire to understand him. This experience brought me a joy that far surpassed (超出) the fleeting satisfaction of winning an argument. In hindsight (事后想), my drive to win hadn’t really been about seeking the truth, but about showing I was better than everyone else. By letting go, I gained way more than I ever did by pushing back. Now I recognise that arguing at the dinner table is much like deciding to drink an extra cup of coffee. It is a matter of self-discipline. I had always understood this concept in theory, but it took a seven-year-old’s intervention for me to apply it. 4. What did the author’s passion for argument contribute to? A. Damaged relationship. B. Moral development. C. Troublesome children. D. Bittersweet marriage. 5. What did the author learn from his granddaughter’s words? A. Good habits were hard to develop. B. Rules didn’t work in a board game. C. Adults were more serious than kids. D. Connection was more vital than right. 6. What surprised the author most during the dinner? A. The awareness of tolerance. B. The flavour of the tasty food. C. The brief joy from winning. D. The urge to understand others. 7. Why does the author mention an extra cup of tea? A. To spread a complex concept. B. To highlight the need for truth. C. To identify the root of his habit. D. To compare two daily activities. C In recent years, consumers have increasingly sought “clean-label” foods — products made with natural ingredients. This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives (防腐剂，保护剂). They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell. From it, they extract Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and find that it contains special natural substances that can fight bacteria and prevent decay (变质). While this dark liquid has been studied for use in industries like paint and medicine, its potential for preserving food had not been fully explored until now. The scientists designed a careful experiment to test whether CNSL could help preserve beef, one of the most widely consumed meats globally. They applied the liquid to beef samples at different concentrations (含量、浓度). Some meat was left untreated as controls. The samples were then stored under different conditions — some at room temperature and others in refrigeration — for two weeks. During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms (腐败菌), including Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., and Proteus spp. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat. The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer. The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell. 8. Why are scientists studying cashew nut shells? A. To reduce waste in the food industry. B. To improve the taste of processed foods. C. To find natural alternatives to artificial preservatives. D. To develop new industrial materials for paint and medicine. 9. What was the primary focus of the microbiological evaluation? A. The variety of cashew species. B. The safety of refrigerated beef. C. The changes in pH and water activity. D. The effectiveness of CNSL against bacteria. 10. What does the experiment suggest about CNSL? A. It can improve meat quality over time. B. It performs best at room temperature. C. It speeds up the meat’s souring process. D. Its concentration and the storage life are closely related. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of CNSL? A. Fully convinced. B. Cautiously optimistic. C. Hesitant and doubtful. D. Neutral and objective. D A new study published in Science suggests AI systems’ responses may disturb people’s ability to handle interpersonal conflicts. Scientists found that when AI chatbots are used for advice on interpersonal issues, they profess users’ perspectives much more often than humans and even praise clearly problematic behaviors. This behavior makes users view AI responses as more trustworthy, so they are more likely to turn to the agreeable AI again for future interpersonal issues. Myra Cheng, a university professor and lead author of the study, was inspired after she learned that undergraduates were increasingly using AI to solve relationship issues. She worries people will lose the skills to deal with difficult social situations, as AI never tells users they are wrong or offers the “tough love” sometimes needed. While AI is overly agreeable on fact-based questions, few studies have explored how Large Language Models (LLMs) powering AI judge social dilemmas (困境). Cheng’s team evaluated 11 major LLMs, including ChatGPT and Gemini, using established interpersonal advice datasets. They also presented LLMs with harmful action statements and tested 2,400 participants who chatted with both overly agreeable and objective AI chatbots. They found AI supported users 49% more often than humans on average and praised problematic behaviors 47% of the time; participants judged overly agreeable AI chatbots as more trustworthy, enhancing their original views. Researchers claimed this preference may leave developers unmotivated to fix AI’s sycophancy, creating a harmful feedback circle, where engagement with AI models and their training could enhance such overly agreeable behavior. Additionally, participants could not distinguish overly agreeable AI chatbots from objective ones, mistakenly thinking they were equally fair. One reason the researchers cited was that AI’s agreement often came wrapped in neutral, academic language, making its biased opinion hard to recognize. The study warns overusing AI for interpersonal advice may disturb moral growth and narrow perspectives, as avoiding social conflicts — easy with AI — is key to healthy relationships. 12. What does the underlined word “profess” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Simplify. B. Back. C. Contradict. D. Dismiss. 13. What is Cheng’s concern? A. AI is dangerously replacing human communication. B. Colleges fail to offer necessary guidance to graduates. C. Students rely too much on digital products in daily study. D. People may gradually lose competence in handling conflicts. 14. What is a finding of Cheng’s experiment? A. Agreeable AI chatbots are preferred. B. There is no perfect solution to social dilemmas. C. LLMs are better at solving fact-based problems. D. AI models provide more objective advice than humans. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Risks of AI’s Overly Agreeable Advice B. A New Study on the Future Development of LLMs C. Ways to Distinguish Biased AI Tools from Objective Ones D. The Importance of Tough Love in Interpersonal Conflicts 第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。 When I sat in the sun one afternoon, it was noisy outside. The industrious buzz of bees in cherry flowers was annoying, accompanied by “back off” warning chirps from blackbirds nesting in the tree. ____16____ A mini-digger was tearing apart the neighboring garden, sending out a deep, continuous roar. They started with the hedge (树篱) — I thought that was all they were going to do, because it happened around here a lot. ____17____ The first was proudly pointed out to me by the owner; the second I only saw in the aftermath. But this time they had bigger plans. When the hedge was out, they kept clearing away bushes, plants and trees. ____18____ Aren’t we supposed to be a nation of garden lovers? It doesn’t feel like it. ____19____ Paved (铺砌的) driveways have covered what were plots of wild vegetation. And it’s happening almost everywhere. People have their reasons and it’s none of my bleeding-heart business, but I just can’t stop feeling worried. I know people are busy and gardening may feel burdensome. But for anyone who has a corner of outside space, if they can’t do something, at least they can do nothing. Nothing might be the best thing of all, actually, as long as they don’t destroy it. ____20____ Wild grass and flowers feed insects and birds; insects lay eggs in plants; birds line nests in trees... Over time, the negative space where people don’t garden can be precisely where the ordinary magic of life happens. A. Gardens can evolve in their own way. B. There was another noise too, though. C. Gardens are almost as diverse as a rainforest. D. I couldn’t remember exactly the similar happenings. E. It was the third case I had spotted in a matter of weeks. F. By evening, what had once been a garden was no more. G. Every year, a handful of front gardens get concreted over here. 第三部分：语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节： 完形填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was born in a rural town. The life there was simple yet ____21____ — unspoken rules governed everything and new ideas were rarely tolerated. I felt caged and ____22____ by the humble houses, the rough roads, and even the endless stretches of cornfields. Even more unacceptably, independence wasn’t exactly ____23____ there, and I had to follow a beaten path, a life defined by convention. So I ____24____ — far away to a big city. City life was really ____25____. I threw myself into new experiences — sampling new cafes, visiting galleries and playing AR games... to ____26____ my hard-won independence. Yet gradually, beneath the city’s restless energy, a huge ____27____ from not belonging swallowed my heart. The constant motion of city life wasn’t sustainable, and I needed to go back to my ____28____. Years later, I returned to the place I once ____29____. To my surprise, while I had changed, so had my hometown, with small, welcoming ____30____ everywhere: Tall buildings stood towering and various shops lined the widened streets. The cornfields, once symbols of all I longed to escape, became spaces for reflection, progress, and finally ____31____. Admittedly, I feared being labeled as a “failure” at the city life, yet no such ____32____ came — only quiet understanding, or, ____33____, you could say. This homecoming, ____34____, was not just a return, but a(n) ____35____ of the soul, empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life on my own land. 21. A. stable B. addictive C. rigid D. confusing 22. A. ashamed B. puzzled C. thrilled D. choked 23. A. celebrated B. displayed C. explained D. ruined 24. A. sat around B. showed off C. took flight D. gained ground 25. A. conventional B. fascinating C. complicated D. tolerable 26. A. recover B. enjoy C. advertise D. witness 27. A. emptiness B. guilt C. regret D. concern 28. A. duties B. trips C. roots D. destinations 29. A. recalled B. missed C. chose D. resisted 30. A. qualities B. decorations C. inventions D. transformations 31. A. patience B. growth C. memory D. uniqueness 32. A. belief B. impression C. surprise D. judgment 33. A. empathy B. praise C. promise D. gratitude 34. A. particularly B. secretly C. thankfully D. strangely 35. A. exploration B. appreciation C. description D. refreshment 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tiangong Kaiwu, a Chinese space mining project named after a 17th century Ming Dynasty Encyclopedia, is focused on mining water ice from resources in space. Water ice is frozen H₂O ____36____ (find) on moons, planets, comets, and asteroids. It is critical for space exploration. Once split into hydrogen and oxygen, it could transform the Moon ____37____ a refueling station for deep-space missions, potentially reducing costs by up to 90 percent. Actually, celestial (天体的) ____38____ (body) in space offer valuable riches far beyond water ice: asteroids provide precious metals and carbon, the Moon helium-3 for clean energy and building materials, ____39____ the Mars hundreds of minerals. ____40____ (mine) these space resources, Chinese scientists have engineered a six-legged robot which can adapt to the extreme gravitational conditions. Three of its legs ____41____ (fit) with wheels for smooth surfaces, the other three designed to be claw-like grippers (夹子) to ensure ____42____ (stable) across diverse landscapes. The unusual design solves a longstanding engineering challenge: the gravity on the Moon is ____43____ (incredible) weak, so a drill’s force would push a robot away rather than let it dig in. The grippers can lock onto rock with 600 newtons of force to fix this problem. Moreover, the robot runs on power directly harvested from lunar water ice, literally ____44____ (tap) local resources to sustain long-duration missions. With the plan rolled out in phases, China is unveiling “space +” ambitions to explore ____45____ whole solar system. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary制作了一张关于中国茶文化的海报（见下图），来信征求你的意见。请给她写一封回信，内容包括： 1．你的评价； 2．你的建议。 注意： （1）写作词数为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mary, I am really glad to receive your poster about Chinese tea culture. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节：（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We walked to the harbor at dawn, saying goodbye to sailboats, lobsters, and the ocean — my beloved home. As a sorrowful bell rang, Dad asked if I had any last farewells. I bit my lip: Goodbye, home. Soon, we were heading west to Grandpa’s farm, where Dad grew up with chickens and cattle. I hated the idea. Dad talked about the beauty of the desert and Rocky Mountains, but I only cared about beach shells and seagulls’ (海鸥) cries. After six days of driving, we arrived at Grandpa’s dusty farm. Ben, my two-year-old brother, quickly fell in love with the cow and sheep, but I felt lonely. Grandpa gave me the attic (顶楼) bedroom, where I unpacked my favorite things: a beach towel, a framed starfish, and a shell collection, placing them by the window to feel closer to home. The night before school started, I stared at my notebook. I’d made two lists: “Old Things I Miss” (pleasant salt smell, seagulls, friends) and “New Things I Love” — which was still blank. I dreamed of seagulls tracking lobster boats, but woke to the sound of Grandpa’s tractor. To my shock, a flock of seagulls circled above the ploughed (犁过的) field, skimming for worms. Dad explained they were Utah’s state birds, heroes who’d saved settlers from starvation. As I listened to their cries, a faint warmth touched my heart. Before leaving for school, I slipped the notebook into my backpack. Maybe desert gulls were a sign — but would I really find new things to love here? I twisted (转动) the shell keychain in my pocket — one of my favorite shells from the ocean, wondering if a “sea girl” could ever call the desert home. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On my first day at school, the shell keychain in my hand caught a girl’s eye. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As the days passed, the “New Things I Love” grew longer and longer. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $