专题03 必修第三册Unit 3～Unit 4 单元词汇短语句型梳理（期末复习知识清单）高一英语下学期沪教版

专题03 必修第三册Unit3~Unit4单元词汇短语句型梳理 Unit3 The way we are 一、核心单词 学科网（北京）股份有限公7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.ideal adj. 理想的 2.elegant adj. 优雅的 3.vary v.（各方面）不同；变化 4.trend n. 潮流，趋势 5.occupation n. 职业 6.personality n. 性格；品性 7.impression n. 印象 8.react v. 作出反应 9.symbol n. 象征 10.delicate adj. 精致的 11.external adj. 外在的 12.relief n. 宽慰 13.ignore v. 忽视 14.observe v. 观察 15.constantly adv. 不断地 16.carve v. 雕刻 17.practical adj. 实用的 18.various adj. 各种各样的 19.exist v. 存在 20.sample n. 样本 二、单词拓展 1.ideal n. 理想→idealize v. 理想化 2.elegance n. 优雅→elegant adj.优雅的 3.vary v. 变化→various adj. 各种各样→variety n. 种类 4.constant adj. 持续的 → constantly adv. 不断地 5.occupy v. 占据→occupation n. 职业 6.impress v. 留下印象→impression n.印象 7.react v.反应→reaction n. 反应 8.symbol n.象征→symbolic adj. 象征性 9.delicacy n. 精致→delicate adj.精致的 10.exist v.存在→existence n. 存在 三、常考单词 1.vary v. 变化；各不相同 背重点 背写作佳句 1) vary from…to… 因…… 不同 2) vary with 随…… 变化 3) various adj. 各种各样的 ①Views on beauty vary from culture to culture in the world.(议论文・文化) ②People’s hobbies vary with ages and living surroundings.(说明文) ③Various body arts stand for different group cultures.(文化作文) 2.enable v. 使能够 背重点 背写作佳句 1) enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做 ①Traditional customs enable us to learn ancient history.(文化说明文) ②Confidence enables teenagers to ignore others’ teasing.(建议信) ③Good education enables people to improve themselves.(议论文) 3.surround v. 包围；环绕 背重点 背写作佳句 1) be surrounded with/by 被…… 包围 ①Now teenagers are surrounded with slim-body advertisements.(议论文・审美) ②The small village is surrounded by green hills.(读后续写) ③We are surrounded by different fashion trends daily.(说明文) 4.display v. 展示；表现 背重点 背写作佳句 1) display sth. 展现 / 展示某物 ①Miao people display silver jewellery on big festivals.(传统文化作文) ②Tattoos display owners’ life stories in Borneo.(课文改写) ③One’s action can display his inner quality.(议论文) 5.symbol n. 象征 背重点 背写作佳句 1) a symbol of …… 的象征 ①Silver is seen as the symbol of wealth for Miao people.(文化写作) ②Special body marks are symbols of group identity.(说明文) ③The dove is a global symbol of peace.(应用文) 6.external adj. 外在的 背重点 背写作佳句 1) external appearance 外在容貌 2) inner vs external 内在 vs 外在 ①We shouldn’t judge people only by their external looks.(倡议书) ②Many teens care too much about external beauty.(校园作文) ③Inner charm is more important than external beauty.(议论文) 7.react v. 做出反应 背重点 背写作佳句 1) react to sth. 对某事做出反应 ①Different cultures react differently to body piercing.(说明文) ②Some kids react sadly when teased about looks.(读后续写) ③People react to new fashion in various ways.(观点作文) 8.avoid v. 避免 背重点 背写作佳句 1) avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 ①We should avoid laughing at others’ special appearances.(倡议书) ②Try avoid paying too much attention to fashion trends.(建议信) ③He avoided talking about his ugly ears.(记叙文) 9.trend n. 潮流；趋势 背重点 背写作佳句 1) follow the trend 追随潮流 ①Pursuing slim figure becomes a popular social trend.(议论文) ②Many youngsters blindly follow strange body art trends.(观点) ③We need to form our own ideas instead of following trends.(建议信) 10.generation n. 一代人 背重点 背写作佳句 1) the young generation 年轻一代 ②Tattoos are popular among the young generation now.(说明文) ②Different generations hold different beauty standards.(议论文) ③The new generation has new opinions on body decoration.(作文) 四．单元短语 1.ideal standard 理想标准 2.vary from culture to culture 因文化而异 3.fashion trend 时尚潮流 4.leave an impression 留下印象 5.react to… 对…… 作出反应 6.a symbol of ……的象征 7.external appearance 外在容貌 8.ignore others’ teasing 无视别人取笑 9.observe customs 观察习俗 10.practical design 实用设计 五．单元佳句 1.句式：动名词作主语 【教材】In some parts of Africa, being fat is an ideal sign of wealth and attractiveness. 翻译：在非洲部分地区，胖是财富与魅力的理想象征。 2.句式：symbol 固定搭配 【教材】Ideas of beauty vary across different times and cultures. 翻译：审美观随时代、文化而各不相同。 3.句式：vary 搭配 【教材】Miao’s silver jewellery is a symbol of wealth and family love. 翻译：苗族银饰是财富与亲情的象征。 4.句式：react to 短语 【教材】Different cultures react differently to body art like tattoos. 翻译：不同文化对纹身这类人体艺术看法不一。 5.句式：一般现在时被动 【教材】Many details are carved into Miao’s silver works. 翻译：诸多细节被雕刻在苗族银饰上。 六．单元语法 不定式作后置定语 （一）核心结构 不定式放在名词后面，修饰前面名词，说明名词的用途、内容，动作还没发生。 （二）三大用法 1.动宾关系（名词是 to do 宾语,最高频） 结构：名词 + to do，动词是及物；不及物动词末尾必须加介词 例：something to eat（eat something）；a house to live（×）→a house to live in（√） 2.用途关系 表用来做…… 例：a pen to write with 3.主谓关系 （名词是动作发出者，序数词 / 最高级后常用） 例：the first student to finish （三）易混区分 to do（待做） /doing（主动进行） /done（已经做完、被动） I have clothes to wash（要洗） / I have clothes washed（找人洗了） （四）写作例句 1.I have three problems to deal with. 2.She has a friend to talk with. 七．单元写作 建议专栏回信 （一）写作概况 文体：书信（建议回信）；时态：一般现在；人称：一二人称结合 （二）三段框架 1.开头：共情安慰，说明烦恼很普遍 2.主体：分点提建议 + 穿插个人事例 3.结尾：鼓励接纳自我 （三）高分词块 1.You’re not alone 你不是特例 2.ignore teasing 无视取笑 3.focus on inner advantages 看重内在优点 4.build confidence 树立自信 5.accept oneself 接纳自我 （四）万能模板 Dear ___________, Don’t worry. You’re not alone, and lots of teenagers __________________. Firstly, ______________. Besides, _____________. When I was young, I also ___________, but _____________. In short, __________________. Learn to __________________. Yours, ___________ （五）范文 Dear Teen Troubled by Bullying, Don’t worry. You’re not alone! Lots of teenagers have suffered from school bullying and felt upset and helpless. When I was young, I was once teased and isolated by classmates because of my quiet personality. Back then, I always blamed myself and stayed alone after class. Later, I found many peers had similar painful experiences, even those outgoing students. When we are hurt by bad words or unfair treatment, we easily fall into self-doubt. However, other people’s improper behaviour doesn’t define your value. In the long run, your kindness and persistence decide who you truly are, not others’ rude comments. Also, we cannot control other people’s bad manners, but we can choose how to deal with troubles. No one can avoid all unfriendly people, so don’t take others’ mistakes on your own. It won’t be easy, but you need to bravely protect yourself and open up to trusted teachers or parents. Next time you feel painful, remind yourself: “I’m not wrong, and I deserve to be respected.” Keep encouraging yourself daily, and you’ll gradually walk out of negative moods. Yours truly, Derek 一、单词拼写。根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1.Beauty standards v___________ in different nations. 2.The dress makes her look e___________. 3.We are b___________ with slim-body ads daily. 4.Silver is the s___________ of wealth for Miao people. 5.Don’t a___________ laughing at others’ looks. 6.People r___________ differently to new fashion. 7.Many young people follow the t___________. 8.The new g___________ has new beauty ideas. 9.We should f___________ on inner virtues. 10.The new rule e___________ us to develop ourselves. 答案 + 解析 1.vary解析：主语复数，一般现在时，vary from…to… 固定短语。 2.surrounds解析：主语单数，一般现在，surround 表示衬托环绕。 3.bombarded解析：固定 be bombarded with 被动结构。 4.symbol解析：a symbol of 固定搭配，象征。 5.avoid解析：should + 动词原形，avoid doing。 6.react解析：react to 固定搭配，一般现在。 7.trend解析：follow the trend 固定短语。 8.generation解析：the young generation 固定词组。 9.focus解析：focus on 固定搭配，should 后原形。 10.enables解析：enable sb to do，主语单数三单。 二、单句语法填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.I have many tasks ___________(finish). 2.She is the last one ___________(leave). 3.I need a pen ___________(write) with. 4.There is no room ___________(live) in. 5.He has lots of problems ___________(solve). 6.This is a good chance ___________(improve). 7.I want a book ___________(read). 8.She needs a friend ___________(talk) with. 9.Three letters ___________(post) are waiting. 10.I have nothing ___________(regret). 答案 + 解析 1.to finish解析：不定式后置定语，作业待完成。 2.to accept解析：序数词 the first 后面必用 to do 作后置定语。 3.to write解析：write a pen 逻辑动宾，不及物加 with。 4.to hide解析：不定式修饰 place，藏身之地。 5.to solve解析：problems to solve 要解决的问题。 6.to develop解析：chance to do 做某事的机会。 7.to read解析：book to read 用来读的书。 8.to talk解析：talk with friend，介词不可省。 9.to post解析：待寄出的信件，不定式作定语。 10.to give解析：序数词后不定式。 三、完成句子。 1. 审美标准因国而异。 Beauty standards ___________ ___________ country to country. 2. 我们每天被瘦身广告包围。 We ___________ ___________ slim ads every day. 3. 从长远看内在更重要。 ___________ ___________ ___________, inner qualities count more. 4. 银饰是苗族财富的象征。 Silver is ___________ ___________ wealth of Miao people. 5. 避免取笑外貌特殊的同学。 Avoid ___________ at classmates with special looks. 6. 我有三件事要处理。 I have three things ___________ ___________. 7. 她需要一个可以倾诉的朋友。 She needs a friend ___________ ___________ to. 8. 我们要注重内在品质。 We should ___________ ___________ inner qualities. 9. 没人是完美的，学会接纳自己。 Nobody’s perfect; learn ___________ ___________ ourselves. 10. 这个规定帮我们提升自我。 The rule ___________ us ___________ improve ourselves. 答案 + 解析 1.vary from解析：vary from…to… 固定搭配。 2.are bombarded with解析：be bombarded with 被动。 3.In the long run解析：课本原短语。 4.a symbol of解析：象征固定搭配。 5.teasing解析：avoid doing 固定用法。 6.to deal with解析：不定式后置定语。 7.to talk解析：不定式修饰 friend。 8.focus on解析：focus on 固定短语。 9.follow the解析：follow the trend。 10.enable; to解析：enable sb to do。 Unit4 Travellers’ tales 一、核心单词 1.enthusiasm n. 热情 2.employ v. 雇佣；使用 3.charitable adj. 慈善的 4.foundation n. 基金会 5.conservation n. 环保；保护 6.escape v. 逃离；避开 7.soak v. 浸泡；吸收 8.highlight n. 亮点 v. 突出 9.persuade v. 劝说 10.sufficient adj. 充足的 11.recreation n. 休闲活动 12.compete v. 竞赛 13.seek v. 寻找；谋求 14.tough adj. 艰难的 15.harm v./n. 伤害 16.scholarship n. 奖学金 17.construct v. 建造 18.concept n. 理念；概念 19.guideline n. 准则 20.destination n. 目的地 学科网（北京）股份有限公7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、单词拓展 1.charity n→charitable adj. 慈善的 2.found v→foundation n. 基金会 3.conserve v→conservation n. 环保 4.persuade v→persuasion n. 劝说 5.vary v→various adj. 多样 6.construct v→construction n. 建造 7.employ v→employment n. 就业 8.enthuse v→enthusiasm n. 热情→enthusiastic adj. 热情的 9.create v→creation n. 创造 10.compete v→competition n. 比赛 三、常考单词 1.enthusiasm n. 热情 背重点 背写作佳句 1) with enthusiasm 满怀热情 2) enthusiastic about 热衷于 ①With great enthusiasm, Amy devoted herself to local charity tourism.(人物介绍) ②Young people are enthusiastic about exploring unknown small towns.(议论文・旅行) ③He took part in volunteer work with full enthusiasm.(记叙文) 2. construct v. 建造 背重点 背写作佳句 1) construct sth 修建某物 2) be constructed 被建造 ①The small beach huts were constructed with local materials.(课文改写) ②Villagers helped construct schools with the charity money.(说明文) ③Many eco-lodges are constructed to develop responsible travel.(环保作文) 3. employ v. 雇用 背重点 背写作佳句 1) employ sb 雇用某人 2) employ sth 使用 ①The resort employs local villagers to improve their income.(议论文) ②They employ native craftsmen to make traditional handicrafts.(文化作文) ③We should employ eco-friendly ways during travelling.(倡议书) 4. conservation n. 环保 背重点 背写作佳句 1) environmental conservation 环保 2) wildlife conservation 野生动物保护 ③Part of the income goes to wildlife conservation projects.(课文改写) ②Responsible travelling helps the conservation of natural scenery.(环保议论文) ③More tourists join local conservation activities now.(说明文) 5. appeal v. 吸引 背重点 背写作佳句 1) appeal to sb 吸引某人 ①The quiet coastal scenery appeals to lots of tired city travellers.(景物描写) ②Special local food and customs appeal to foreign visitors.(文化作文) ③This eco-tourism project appeals to people caring about environment.(观点) 6. escape v. 逃离 背重点 背写作佳句 1) escape the crowds 避开人群 2) escape from 从逃离 ①Many visitors come here to escape busy city crowds.(说明文) ②We escaped hot sunshine by resting under big trees.(读后续写) ③The project helps villagers escape poverty.(议论文) 7. foundation n. 基金会 背重点 背写作佳句 1) set up a foundation 建立基金会 ①Amy set up a charitable foundation with resort profits.(人物) ②The foundation donates money to build village schools.(应用文) ③Lots of travellers donate to this public foundation.(倡议书) 8. persuade v. 劝说 背重点 背写作佳句 1) persuade sb to do 劝说某人做 ①Amy persuaded local villagers to join her tourism plan.(记叙文) ②We can persuade friends to choose green travelling.(建议信) ③He persuaded me to visit the quiet seaside village.(读后续写) 9. charitable adj. 慈善的 背重点 背写作佳句 1) charitable foundation 慈善基金会 ①They set up a charitable foundation.(课文) ②Many charitable projects help poor villages.(应用文) ③The money goes to charitable activities.(议论文)| 10. soak v. 吸收；沐浴 背重点 背写作佳句 1) soak up sunshine 沐浴阳光 2) soak up information 汲取知识 ①Tourists love to soak up warm sunshine on the beach.(景物) ②We soak up local culture during the special trip.(游记) ③Children soak up new knowledge from travelling.(议论文) 四．单元短语 1.gap year 间隔年 2.life expectancy 预期寿命 3.soak up the sun 沐浴阳光 4.escape the crowds 避开人群 5.off the beaten track 偏僻冷门之地 6.set up a foundation 设立基金会 7.focus on conservation 注重环保 8.persuade sb. to do 劝说某人做 9.charitable foundation 慈善基金会 10.brand new 全新的 五．单元佳句 1.句式：having done 分词作状语（先于主句动作） 【教材】Having volunteered in Kenya, Amy got the idea of responsible tourism 翻译：在肯尼亚做过志愿工作后，埃米萌生了负责任旅游的想法。 2.句式：doing 作方式状语 【教材】They constructed beach huts using local materials and employed villagers. 翻译：他们就地取材建造海边小屋，并雇佣当地村民。 3.句式：被动语态 【教材】Five percent of the income was used for charity and conservation projects. 翻译：5% 的收入用于慈善和环保项目。 4.句式：不定式作后置定语 【教材】It’s the perfect place to escape crowds and soak up sunshine. 翻译：这里是远离人群、沐浴阳光的绝佳去处。 5.句式：done 过去分词作状语 【教材】Persuaded by local villagers, they decided to build the small resort. 翻译：在村民的劝说下，他们决定修建小型度假村。 六．单元语法 过去分词作状语 （一）核心知识点 1.概念：过去分词短语在句中充当状语，可放在主句前，也可放在主句后； 2.逻辑规则：过去分词和主句主语是被动关系（主语被……）； （二）过去分词作状语 4 大类用法（原因 / 条件 / 让步 / 伴随，配本单元课文例句） 1. 表原因（相当于 because 引导原因状语从句） 公式：Done, 主句（主语被动） 例句：Persuaded by local villagers, they decided to build beach huts. 译：被村民劝说后，他们决定修建海边小屋。 还原从句：Because they were persuaded by local villagers,… 2. 表条件（相当于 if 条件从句） 例句：Seen from the top of the hill, the small village looks peaceful. 译：如果从山顶望去，小村庄十分静谧。 还原从句：If the village is seen from the top of the hill,… 3. 表让步（相当于 though/although 从句） 例句：Beaten by difficulties many times, he never gave up volunteer travel. 译：尽管屡次受挫，他从未放弃公益旅行。 4. 表伴随 / 方式（主句动作同步发生） 例句：Surrounded by tourists, the local guide introduced local customs. 译：被游客簇拥着，向导介绍当地风俗。 （三）易混区分：doing /having done /done形式 逻辑关系 使用场景 形式 逻辑关系 使用场景 doing 主句主语主动，动作同步 Walking along the coast, we soak up sunshine. having done 主句主语主动，分词动作早于主句 Having finished volunteer work, she set up foundation. done 主句主语被动 Encouraged by villagers, they built wooden huts. 易错错题辨析 ❌ Seeing from the boat, the mountain is beautiful. ✅ Seen from the boat, the mountain is beautiful. 解析：mountain（山）是 “被看”，被动→用过去分词 Seen。 （四）单元写作万能句式（作文直接套用） 1.Inspired by eco-travel ideas, many tourists choose off-the-beaten-track trips. 受生态旅行理念启发，很多游客选择小众出游。 2.Supported by the charitable foundation, poor villagers built new houses. 在慈善基金会帮扶下，贫困村民建起新房。 七．单元写作 Travel tale 旅行小故事 （一）写作概况 文体：记叙文（游记）；时态：通篇一般过去；结构：起因 - 经过 - 感悟 （二）三段写作框架 1. 开头：交代旅行时间地点、出行缘由 2. 主体：旅途细节（见闻、偶遇的人、特别经历） 3. 结尾：旅途感悟（人文 / 环保 / 负责任旅游收获） （三）高分词块 1.escape noisy crowds 远离喧嚣人群 2.soak up sunshine 沐浴暖阳 3.get close to locals 亲近当地人 4.learn local customs 了解民俗 5.a memorable journey 难忘的旅程 （四）万能模板 第一段：环境 + 困境（开头，交代时间地点、恶劣处境，铺垫悬念） It was + 天气（raining heavily /blowing strongly /getting dark）when we + 出行方式（drove/hiked/walked）in + 地点（a mountain village /remote countryside /coastal town）.Dusk was falling and we felt tired and worried, looking for a place to rest for the night. 第二段：意外转机，偶遇落脚处（故事转折） After wandering for a long time, we spotted + 标志性景物（warm lights /a small wooden house /roadside inn）far ahead.It belonged to + 人物（a kind local old man /a small family-run inn）, so we decided to go inside and ask for help. 第三段：人物细节、暖心小事（文章加分细节，必写） There were no other travellers here. The host was very warm and friendly.He told us he didn’t have fancy prepared food, but he could cook + 特色食物（local noodles /homemade snacks）for us.Soon he brought delicious hot food to our table, and we chatted happily about local customs. 第四段：突发小变故 + 内心感悟（结尾留悬念 + 升华主题，作文高分） We were enjoying our meal when + 突发小事（some stray animals came into the yard /strong wind hit the house）.I planned to leave early the next morning, yet the weather turned worse. Suddenly, + 意外（all the lights went out /heavy fog covered the road）.This unexpected journey taught me that kindness is the most beautiful scenery during travelling. （五）范文 An Unexpected Journey It was blowing strongly when we hiked in a mountain village. Dusk was falling and we felt tired and worried, looking for a place to rest for the night. After wandering for a long time, we spotted warm lamplight hidden in bamboo forests far ahead. It belonged to a kind old farmer, so we decided to go inside and ask for help. There were no other travellers here. The host was very warm and friendly. He told us he didn’t have fancy prepared food, but he could cook homemade rice noodles for us. Soon he brought delicious hot food to our table, and we chatted happily about local customs. We were enjoying our meal when some stray cats walked into the yard. I planned to leave early the next morning, yet the weather turned worse. Suddenly, all the lights went out. This unexpected journey taught me that kindness is the most beautiful scenery during travelling. 一、单词拼写。根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1.Amy set up a c___________ foundation to help villagers.(charitable) 2.We travel here to e___________ noisy city crowds.(escape) 3.The natural view a___________ thousands of visitors.(appeals) 4.They c___________ small houses with local wood.(constructed) 5.He works with great e___________ every day.(enthusiasm) 6.The f___________ gives money to build schools.(foundation) 7.Many local people are e___________ in the resort.(employed) 8.We need pay attention to environmental c___________.(conservation) 9.She p___________ me to join the eco-trip.(persuaded) 10.Local people used to s___________ from poor water.(suffer) 答案解析 1.charitable 形容词修饰名词 foundation 2.constructed 过去式，过去事件 3.employs 主语单数，一般现在 4.conservation 不可数名词，环保 5.escape 一般现在，escape 躲避 6.appeals 三单，appeal to 吸引 7.foundation 名词基金会 8.persuade persuade sb to do 固定 9.suffered suffer from 过去式 10.soak soak up 固定搭配 二、单句语法填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.___________(travel) along the coast, we enjoy fresh air.(Travelling) 2.___________(finish) the trip, she wrote a story.(Having finished) 3.___________(inspire) by Amy, we choose green travel.(Inspired) 4.He left home, ___________(carry) a small bag.(carrying) 5.___________(see) the poor life, she decided to help.(Seeing) 6.The money ___________(make) from tourism helps kids.(made) 7.___________(encourage) by friends, I visited the village.(Encouraged) 8.Having ___________(spend) a year abroad, she changed.(spent) 9.___________(hurt) by bad weather, crops died.(Hurt) 10.He sat there, ___________(soak) in sunshine.(soaking) 答案解析 1.Having volunteered 动作先于主句→having done 主动 2.Inspired 被村民鼓舞→done 被动 3.enjoying 坐着同时享受→doing 伴随主动 4.Having finished 先结束旅途再写作→having done 5.made 被当地人制作→done 后置定语 6.Seen 村庄被眺望→done 被动 7.Visiting 参观同时学习→doing 主动同步 8.spent having done 固定结构 9.Hurt 庄稼被恶劣天气损毁→done 被动 10.earned 收入被赚得→done 后置定语 三、完成句子。 1. 埃米成立慈善基金会帮扶村民。 Amy ___________ ___________ a charitable foundation to help villagers. 2. 很多游客来此地避开城市喧嚣。 Lots of visitors come here to ___________ ___________ city noise. 3. 自然风光吸引各地旅行者。 Natural scenery ___________ ___________ travellers everywhere. 4. 小屋由当地木料建成。 Small houses ___________ ___________ local wood. 5. 漫步海边，我们沐浴阳光。 ___________ along the coast, we soak up sunshine. 6. 受故事鼓舞，我们选择环保旅行。 ___________ by the story, we choose green travel. 7. 曾经当地人饱受缺水之苦。 Local people ___________ ___________ water shortage before. 8. 我们劝说朋友理性出游。 We ___________ friends ___________ travel wisely. 9. 旅游业收益用于环保项目。 Money from tourism ___________ ___________ environmental projects. 10.怀着热情，她投入公益。 ___________ great ___________, she devotes to charity. 答案解析 1.Having volunteered having done 作状语 2.Inspired done 被动状语 3.soak up 固定短语 4.appeal to 固定搭配 5.employs 一般现在 6.conservation 名词 7.persuade; to persuade sb to do 8.suffered from 过去式固定 9.are constructed from 被动 10.Visiting doing 伴随状语 $专题03 必修第三册Unit3~Unit4单元词汇短语句型梳理 Unit3 The way we are 一、核心单词 学科网（北京）股份有限公7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.ideal adj. 2.elegant adj. 3.vary v. 4.trend n. 5.occupation n. 6.personality n. 7.impression n. 8.react v. 9.symbol n. 10.delicate adj. 11.external adj. 12.relief n. 13.ignore v. 14.observe v. 15.constantly adv. 16.carve v. 17.practical adj. 18.various adj. 19.exist v. 20.sample n. 二、单词拓展 1. n. 理想→ v. 理想化 2. n. 优雅→ adj.优雅的 3. v. 变化→ adj. 各种各样→ n. 种类 4. adj. 持续的 → adv. 不断地 5. v. 占据→ n. 职业 6. v. 留下印象→ n.印象 7. v.反应→ n. 反应 8. n.象征→ adj. 象征性 9. n. 精致→ adj.精致的 10. v.存在→ n. 存在 三、常考单词 1.vary v. 变化；各不相同 背重点 背写作佳句 1) vary from…to… 因…… 不同 2) vary with 随…… 变化 3) various adj. 各种各样的 ①Views on beauty vary from culture to culture in the world.(议论文・文化) ②People’s hobbies vary with ages and living surroundings.(说明文) ③Various body arts stand for different group cultures.(文化作文) 2.enable v. 使能够 背重点 背写作佳句 1) enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做 ①Traditional customs enable us to learn ancient history.(文化说明文) ②Confidence enables teenagers to ignore others’ teasing.(建议信) ③Good education enables people to improve themselves.(议论文) 3.surround v. 包围；环绕 背重点 背写作佳句 1) be surrounded with/by 被…… 包围 ①Now teenagers are surrounded with slim-body advertisements.(议论文・审美) ②The small village is surrounded by green hills.(读后续写) ③We are surrounded by different fashion trends daily.(说明文) 4.display v. 展示；表现 背重点 背写作佳句 1) display sth. 展现 / 展示某物 ①Miao people display silver jewellery on big festivals.(传统文化作文) ②Tattoos display owners’ life stories in Borneo.(课文改写) ③One’s action can display his inner quality.(议论文) 5.symbol n. 象征 背重点 背写作佳句 1) a symbol of …… 的象征 ①Silver is seen as the symbol of wealth for Miao people.(文化写作) ②Special body marks are symbols of group identity.(说明文) ③The dove is a global symbol of peace.(应用文) 6.external adj. 外在的 背重点 背写作佳句 1) external appearance 外在容貌 2) inner vs external 内在 vs 外在 ①We shouldn’t judge people only by their external looks.(倡议书) ②Many teens care too much about external beauty.(校园作文) ③Inner charm is more important than external beauty.(议论文) 7.react v. 做出反应 背重点 背写作佳句 1) react to sth. 对某事做出反应 ①Different cultures react differently to body piercing.(说明文) ②Some kids react sadly when teased about looks.(读后续写) ③People react to new fashion in various ways.(观点作文) 8.avoid v. 避免 背重点 背写作佳句 1) avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 ①We should avoid laughing at others’ special appearances.(倡议书) ②Try avoid paying too much attention to fashion trends.(建议信) ③He avoided talking about his ugly ears.(记叙文) 9.trend n. 潮流；趋势 背重点 背写作佳句 1) follow the trend 追随潮流 ①Pursuing slim figure becomes a popular social trend.(议论文) ②Many youngsters blindly follow strange body art trends.(观点) ③We need to form our own ideas instead of following trends.(建议信) 10.generation n. 一代人 背重点 背写作佳句 1) the young generation 年轻一代 ②Tattoos are popular among the young generation now.(说明文) ②Different generations hold different beauty standards.(议论文) ③The new generation has new opinions on body decoration.(作文) 四．单元短语 1. 理想标准 2. 因文化而异 3. 时尚潮流 4. 留下印象 5. 对…… 作出反应 6. ……的象征 7. 外在容貌 8. 无视别人取笑 9. 观察习俗 10. 实用设计 五．单元佳句 1.句式：动名词作主语 【教材】In some parts of Africa, being fat is an ideal sign of wealth and attractiveness. 翻译：在非洲部分地区，胖是财富与魅力的理想象征。 2.句式：symbol 固定搭配 【教材】Ideas of beauty vary across different times and cultures. 翻译：审美观随时代、文化而各不相同。 3.句式：vary 搭配 【教材】Miao’s silver jewellery is a symbol of wealth and family love. 翻译：苗族银饰是财富与亲情的象征。 4.句式：react to 短语 【教材】Different cultures react differently to body art like tattoos. 翻译：不同文化对纹身这类人体艺术看法不一。 5.句式：一般现在时被动 【教材】Many details are carved into Miao’s silver works. 翻译：诸多细节被雕刻在苗族银饰上。 六．单元语法 不定式作后置定语 （一）核心结构 不定式放在名词后面，修饰前面名词，说明名词的用途、内容，动作还没发生。 （二）三大用法 1.动宾关系（名词是 to do 宾语,最高频） 结构：名词 + to do，动词是及物；不及物动词末尾必须加介词 例：something to eat（eat something）；a house to live（×）→a house to live in（√） 2.用途关系 表用来做…… 例：a pen to write with 3.主谓关系 （名词是动作发出者，序数词 / 最高级后常用） 例：the first student to finish （三）易混区分 to do（待做） /doing（主动进行） /done（已经做完、被动） I have clothes to wash（要洗） / I have clothes washed（找人洗了） （四）写作例句 1.I have three problems to deal with. 2.She has a friend to talk with. 七．单元写作 建议专栏回信 （一）写作概况 文体：书信（建议回信）；时态：一般现在；人称：一二人称结合 （二）三段框架 1.开头：共情安慰，说明烦恼很普遍 2.主体：分点提建议 + 穿插个人事例 3.结尾：鼓励接纳自我 （三）高分词块 1.You’re not alone 你不是特例 2.ignore teasing 无视取笑 3.focus on inner advantages 看重内在优点 4.build confidence 树立自信 5.accept oneself 接纳自我 （四）万能模板 Dear ___________, Don’t worry. You’re not alone, and lots of teenagers __________________. Firstly, ______________. Besides, _____________. When I was young, I also ___________, but _____________. In short, __________________. Learn to __________________. Yours, ___________ （五）范文 Dear Teen Troubled by Bullying, Don’t worry. You’re not alone! Lots of teenagers have suffered from school bullying and felt upset and helpless. When I was young, I was once teased and isolated by classmates because of my quiet personality. Back then, I always blamed myself and stayed alone after class. Later, I found many peers had similar painful experiences, even those outgoing students. When we are hurt by bad words or unfair treatment, we easily fall into self-doubt. However, other people’s improper behaviour doesn’t define your value. In the long run, your kindness and persistence decide who you truly are, not others’ rude comments. Also, we cannot control other people’s bad manners, but we can choose how to deal with troubles. No one can avoid all unfriendly people, so don’t take others’ mistakes on your own. It won’t be easy, but you need to bravely protect yourself and open up to trusted teachers or parents. Next time you feel painful, remind yourself: “I’m not wrong, and I deserve to be respected.” Keep encouraging yourself daily, and you’ll gradually walk out of negative moods. Yours truly, Derek 一、单词拼写。根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1.Beauty standards v___________ in different nations. 2.The dress makes her look e___________. 3.We are b___________ with slim-body ads daily. 4.Silver is the s___________ of wealth for Miao people. 5.Don’t a___________ laughing at others’ looks. 6.People r___________ differently to new fashion. 7.Many young people follow the t___________. 8.The new g___________ has new beauty ideas. 9.We should f___________ on inner virtues. 10.The new rule e___________ us to develop ourselves. 二、单句语法填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.I have many tasks ___________(finish). 2.She is the last one ___________(leave). 3.I need a pen ___________(write) with. 4.There is no room ___________(live) in. 5.He has lots of problems ___________(solve). 6.This is a good chance ___________(improve). 7.I want a book ___________(read). 8.She needs a friend ___________(talk) with. 9.Three letters ___________(post) are waiting. 10.I have nothing ___________(regret). 三、完成句子。 1. 审美标准因国而异。 Beauty standards ___________ ___________ country to country. 2. 我们每天被瘦身广告包围。 We ___________ ___________ slim ads every day. 3. 从长远看内在更重要。 ___________ ___________ ___________, inner qualities count more. 4. 银饰是苗族财富的象征。 Silver is ___________ ___________ wealth of Miao people. 5. 避免取笑外貌特殊的同学。 Avoid ___________ at classmates with special looks. 6. 我有三件事要处理。 I have three things ___________ ___________. 7. 她需要一个可以倾诉的朋友。 She needs a friend ___________ ___________ to. 8. 我们要注重内在品质。 We should ___________ ___________ inner qualities. 9. 没人是完美的，学会接纳自己。 Nobody’s perfect; learn ___________ ___________ ourselves. 10. 这个规定帮我们提升自我。 The rule ___________ us ___________ improve ourselves. Unit4 Travellers’ tales 一、核心单词 1.enthusiasm n. 2.employ v. 3.charitable adj. 4.foundation n. 5.conservation n. 6.escape v. 7.soak v. 8.highlight n. v. 9.persuade v. 10.sufficient adj. 11.recreation n. 12.compete v. 13.seek v. 14.tough adj. 15.harm v./n. 16.scholarship n. 17.construct v. 18.concept n. 19.guideline n. 20.destination n. 学科网（北京）股份有限公7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、单词拓展 1. n→ adj. 慈善的 2. v→ n. 基金会 3. v→ n. 环保 4. v→ n. 劝说 5. v→ adj. 多样 6. v→ n. 建造 7. v→ n. 就业 8. v→ n. 热情→ adj. 热情的 9. v→ n. 创造 10. v→ n. 比赛 三、常考单词 1.enthusiasm n. 热情 背重点 背写作佳句 1) with enthusiasm 满怀热情 2) enthusiastic about 热衷于 ①With great enthusiasm, Amy devoted herself to local charity tourism.(人物介绍) ②Young people are enthusiastic about exploring unknown small towns.(议论文・旅行) ③He took part in volunteer work with full enthusiasm.(记叙文) 2. construct v. 建造 背重点 背写作佳句 1) construct sth 修建某物 2) be constructed 被建造 ①The small beach huts were constructed with local materials.(课文改写) ②Villagers helped construct schools with the charity money.(说明文) ③Many eco-lodges are constructed to develop responsible travel.(环保作文) 3. employ v. 雇用 背重点 背写作佳句 1) employ sb 雇用某人 2) employ sth 使用 ①The resort employs local villagers to improve their income.(议论文) ②They employ native craftsmen to make traditional handicrafts.(文化作文) ③We should employ eco-friendly ways during travelling.(倡议书) 4. conservation n. 环保 背重点 背写作佳句 1) environmental conservation 环保 2) wildlife conservation 野生动物保护 ③Part of the income goes to wildlife conservation projects.(课文改写) ②Responsible travelling helps the conservation of natural scenery.(环保议论文) ③More tourists join local conservation activities now.(说明文) 5. appeal v. 吸引 背重点 背写作佳句 1) appeal to sb 吸引某人 ①The quiet coastal scenery appeals to lots of tired city travellers.(景物描写) ②Special local food and customs appeal to foreign visitors.(文化作文) ③This eco-tourism project appeals to people caring about environment.(观点) 6. escape v. 逃离 背重点 背写作佳句 1) escape the crowds 避开人群 2) escape from 从逃离 ①Many visitors come here to escape busy city crowds.(说明文) ②We escaped hot sunshine by resting under big trees.(读后续写) ③The project helps villagers escape poverty.(议论文) 7. foundation n. 基金会 背重点 背写作佳句 1) set up a foundation 建立基金会 ①Amy set up a charitable foundation with resort profits.(人物) ②The foundation donates money to build village schools.(应用文) ③Lots of travellers donate to this public foundation.(倡议书) 8. persuade v. 劝说 背重点 背写作佳句 1) persuade sb to do 劝说某人做 ①Amy persuaded local villagers to join her tourism plan.(记叙文) ②We can persuade friends to choose green travelling.(建议信) ③He persuaded me to visit the quiet seaside village.(读后续写) 9. charitable adj. 慈善的 背重点 背写作佳句 1) charitable foundation 慈善基金会 ①They set up a charitable foundation.(课文) ②Many charitable projects help poor villages.(应用文) ③The money goes to charitable activities.(议论文)| 10. soak v. 吸收；沐浴 背重点 背写作佳句 1) soak up sunshine 沐浴阳光 2) soak up information 汲取知识 ①Tourists love to soak up warm sunshine on the beach.(景物) ②We soak up local culture during the special trip.(游记) ③Children soak up new knowledge from travelling.(议论文) 四．单元短语 1. 间隔年 2. 预期寿命 3. 沐浴阳光 4. 避开人群 5. 偏僻冷门之地 6. 设立基金会 7. 注重环保 8. 劝说某人做 9. 慈善基金会 10. 全新的 五．单元佳句 1.句式：having done 分词作状语（先于主句动作） 【教材】Having volunteered in Kenya, Amy got the idea of responsible tourism 翻译：在肯尼亚做过志愿工作后，埃米萌生了负责任旅游的想法。 2.句式：doing 作方式状语 【教材】They constructed beach huts using local materials and employed villagers. 翻译：他们就地取材建造海边小屋，并雇佣当地村民。 3.句式：被动语态 【教材】Five percent of the income was used for charity and conservation projects. 翻译：5% 的收入用于慈善和环保项目。 4.句式：不定式作后置定语 【教材】It’s the perfect place to escape crowds and soak up sunshine. 翻译：这里是远离人群、沐浴阳光的绝佳去处。 5.句式：done 过去分词作状语 【教材】Persuaded by local villagers, they decided to build the small resort. 翻译：在村民的劝说下，他们决定修建小型度假村。 六．单元语法 过去分词作状语 （一）核心知识点 1.概念：过去分词短语在句中充当状语，可放在主句前，也可放在主句后； 2.逻辑规则：过去分词和主句主语是被动关系（主语被……）； （二）过去分词作状语 4 大类用法（原因 / 条件 / 让步 / 伴随，配本单元课文例句） 1. 表原因（相当于 because 引导原因状语从句） 公式：Done, 主句（主语被动） 例句：Persuaded by local villagers, they decided to build beach huts. 译：被村民劝说后，他们决定修建海边小屋。 还原从句：Because they were persuaded by local villagers,… 2. 表条件（相当于 if 条件从句） 例句：Seen from the top of the hill, the small village looks peaceful. 译：如果从山顶望去，小村庄十分静谧。 还原从句：If the village is seen from the top of the hill,… 3. 表让步（相当于 though/although 从句） 例句：Beaten by difficulties many times, he never gave up volunteer travel. 译：尽管屡次受挫，他从未放弃公益旅行。 4. 表伴随 / 方式（主句动作同步发生） 例句：Surrounded by tourists, the local guide introduced local customs. 译：被游客簇拥着，向导介绍当地风俗。 （三）易混区分：doing /having done /done形式 逻辑关系 使用场景 形式 逻辑关系 使用场景 doing 主句主语主动，动作同步 Walking along the coast, we soak up sunshine. having done 主句主语主动，分词动作早于主句 Having finished volunteer work, she set up foundation. done 主句主语被动 Encouraged by villagers, they built wooden huts. 易错错题辨析 ❌ Seeing from the boat, the mountain is beautiful. ✅ Seen from the boat, the mountain is beautiful. 解析：mountain（山）是 “被看”，被动→用过去分词 Seen。 （四）单元写作万能句式（作文直接套用） 1.Inspired by eco-travel ideas, many tourists choose off-the-beaten-track trips. 受生态旅行理念启发，很多游客选择小众出游。 2.Supported by the charitable foundation, poor villagers built new houses. 在慈善基金会帮扶下，贫困村民建起新房。 七．单元写作 Travel tale 旅行小故事 （一）写作概况 文体：记叙文（游记）；时态：通篇一般过去；结构：起因 - 经过 - 感悟 （二）三段写作框架 1. 开头：交代旅行时间地点、出行缘由 2. 主体：旅途细节（见闻、偶遇的人、特别经历） 3. 结尾：旅途感悟（人文 / 环保 / 负责任旅游收获） （三）高分词块 1.escape noisy crowds 远离喧嚣人群 2.soak up sunshine 沐浴暖阳 3.get close to locals 亲近当地人 4.learn local customs 了解民俗 5.a memorable journey 难忘的旅程 （四）万能模板 第一段：环境 + 困境（开头，交代时间地点、恶劣处境，铺垫悬念） It was + 天气（raining heavily /blowing strongly /getting dark）when we + 出行方式（drove/hiked/walked）in + 地点（a mountain village /remote countryside /coastal town）.Dusk was falling and we felt tired and worried, looking for a place to rest for the night. 第二段：意外转机，偶遇落脚处（故事转折） After wandering for a long time, we spotted + 标志性景物（warm lights /a small wooden house /roadside inn）far ahead.It belonged to + 人物（a kind local old man /a small family-run inn）, so we decided to go inside and ask for help. 第三段：人物细节、暖心小事（文章加分细节，必写） There were no other travellers here. The host was very warm and friendly.He told us he didn’t have fancy prepared food, but he could cook + 特色食物（local noodles /homemade snacks）for us.Soon he brought delicious hot food to our table, and we chatted happily about local customs. 第四段：突发小变故 + 内心感悟（结尾留悬念 + 升华主题，作文高分） We were enjoying our meal when + 突发小事（some stray animals came into the yard /strong wind hit the house）.I planned to leave early the next morning, yet the weather turned worse. Suddenly, + 意外（all the lights went out /heavy fog covered the road）.This unexpected journey taught me that kindness is the most beautiful scenery during travelling. （五）范文 An Unexpected Journey It was blowing strongly when we hiked in a mountain village. Dusk was falling and we felt tired and worried, looking for a place to rest for the night. After wandering for a long time, we spotted warm lamplight hidden in bamboo forests far ahead. It belonged to a kind old farmer, so we decided to go inside and ask for help. There were no other travellers here. The host was very warm and friendly. He told us he didn’t have fancy prepared food, but he could cook homemade rice noodles for us. Soon he brought delicious hot food to our table, and we chatted happily about local customs. We were enjoying our meal when some stray cats walked into the yard. I planned to leave early the next morning, yet the weather turned worse. Suddenly, all the lights went out. This unexpected journey taught me that kindness is the most beautiful scenery during travelling. 一、单词拼写。根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1.Amy set up a c___________ foundation to help villagers.(charitable) 2.We travel here to e___________ noisy city crowds.(escape) 3.The natural view a___________ thousands of visitors.(appeals) 4.They c___________ small houses with local wood.(constructed) 5.He works with great e___________ every day.(enthusiasm) 6.The f___________ gives money to build schools.(foundation) 7.Many local people are e___________ in the resort.(employed) 8.We need pay attention to environmental c___________.(conservation) 9.She p___________ me to join the eco-trip.(persuaded) 10.Local people used to s___________ from poor water.(suffer) 二、单句语法填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.___________(travel) along the coast, we enjoy fresh air.(Travelling) 2.___________(finish) the trip, she wrote a story.(Having finished) 3.___________(inspire) by Amy, we choose green travel.(Inspired) 4.He left home, ___________(carry) a small bag.(carrying) 5.___________(see) the poor life, she decided to help.(Seeing) 6.The money ___________(make) from tourism helps kids.(made) 7.___________(encourage) by friends, I visited the village.(Encouraged) 8.Having ___________(spend) a year abroad, she changed.(spent) 9.___________(hurt) by bad weather, crops died.(Hurt) 10.He sat there, ___________(soak) in sunshine.(soaking) 三、完成句子。 1. 埃米成立慈善基金会帮扶村民。 Amy ___________ ___________ a charitable foundation to help villagers. 2. 很多游客来此地避开城市喧嚣。 Lots of visitors come here to ___________ ___________ city noise. 3. 自然风光吸引各地旅行者。 Natural scenery ___________ ___________ travellers everywhere. 4. 小屋由当地木料建成。 Small houses ___________ ___________ local wood. 5. 漫步海边，我们沐浴阳光。 ___________ along the coast, we soak up sunshine. 6. 受故事鼓舞，我们选择环保旅行。 ___________ by the story, we choose green travel. 7. 曾经当地人饱受缺水之苦。 Local people ___________ ___________ water shortage before. 8. 我们劝说朋友理性出游。 We ___________ friends ___________ travel wisely. 9. 旅游业收益用于环保项目。 Money from tourism ___________ ___________ environmental projects. 10.怀着热情，她投入公益。 ___________ great ___________, she devotes to charity. $