精品解析：天津市南开区美达菲学校2025-2026学年高二年级下学期5月期中考试英语试题

天津美达菲学校高二2025-2026学年第二学期英语期中考试 第I卷（选择题 共95分） 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —It was a wonderful National Day holiday trip. So, which city did you like better, Hangzhou or Wuxi? —______. There were good things and bad things about them. A. It’s hard to say B. I didn’t get it C. You must be kidding D. Couldn’t be better 2. The in climate resulted in some species hard to adapt to it. A. status B. consumption C. comparison D. variation 3. A creature called wild man attracted scientists’ interest. A. mysterious B. infectious C. rewarding D. influential 4. Firefighters brought the fire successfully and prevented further spreading. A. on behalf of B. under control C. under construction D. under repair 5. According to official statistics, a number of bad behaviours urban development. A. appreciate B. commit C. restrict D. react 6. She was greatly surprised when her brother at the door, whom she hadn’t seen for years. A. popped up B. went up C. got rid of D. brought forth 7. The results are entirely ________with our earlier research. A. artificial B. consistent C. decent D. humble 8. , animals find towns and cities in their way. A. Wherever do they go B. Where they go C. No matter wherever they go D. Wherever they go 9. It’s really kind of you me out of trouble. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 10. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ________ we are to shake hands with. A. whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever 11. ______ I’m concerned about most is ______ we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time. A. That; how B. What; if C. What; how D. As; whether 12. A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _____visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to 14. (2016·北京)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____________ one can be entirely free from dust. A. what B. that C. whether D. why 15. The news shocked the public，______ to great concern about students' safety at school. A. having led B. led C. leading D. to lead 第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分） As I sat motionless on the steps of the pool, watching everyone else swim back and forth, I realized that I had spent most of my life watching others enjoy themselves. It was then that I ___16___ a little girl staring at me with a look of confusion. I smiled at her, hoping to ___17___ the ice by talking to her. Unfortunately, my ___18___ failed and she just kept on staring. My ___19___ increased as a little boy swam up to me and said, “I feel sorry for you.” After the ___20___, a thought struck me, I had to change ___21___ the world viewed me. Because it was children who stared at me the most, I decided to write a children’s book that taught them about ___22___ in a fun way. This is when KatGirl, a super hero in a ___23___ who helps children that are being bullied, came into my mind. I quickly ___24___ inside my apartment and began creating the story. As I wrote each word, I could ____25____ my future as a world-renowned author and public speaker. My excitement ____26____ like wildfire. Over the next two years, the story ____27____ many changes before it saw the world in the spring of 2011. My perseverance ____28____ paid off. One day I was invited to speak to the students at a neighboring school. I confidently wheeled into a classroom filled with students who ____29____ at me just like the little girl in the pool. “How do you feel when you see me?” I asked them. The kids bravely ____30____ “ I feel sorry for you.” I opened my book and started reading. Immediately I noticed the children’s stares turned to ____31____. “ How do you feel when you see me?” I asked again. Without ____32____ they replied, “You are so cool! Does your ____33____ fly too?” I just smiled, “No, not yet, but maybe some day.” I knew in my heart that this was ____34____. The past two years had proven to me that with ____35____ anything is possible. 16. A. suggested B. noticed C. watched D. appreciated 17. A. forget B. break C. remove D. deliver 18. A. project B. anger C. advice D. attempt 19. A. relief B. curiosity C. awkwardness D. encouragement 20. A. encounter B. competition C. argument D. interview 21. A. how B. what C. when D. why 22. A. disabilities B. potentials C. paintings D. manners 23. A. pool B. car C. wheelchair D. spaceship 24. A. walked B. wheeled C. rushed D. raced 25. A. regard B. realize C. picture D. consider 26. A. folded B. recovered C. spread D. declined 27. A. turned down B. went through C. looked up D. got around 28. A. generally B. carefully C. separately D. eventually 29. A. called B. stared C. glimpsed D. laughed 30. A. greeted B. agreed C. continued D. responded 31. A. smiles B. doubts C. jokes D. tears 32. A. hesitation B. discussion C. intention D. imagination 33. A. body B. chair C. dream D. book 34. A. funny B. strange C. true D. false 35. A. generosity B. popularity C. harmony D. determination 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分） Here is a selection of books offering poems that range from being funny to being educational. Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! By Fiona Waters. Illustrated by Britta Teckentrup. Containing a different poem for each day of the year, this beautiful book brings together a various selection of poetry inspired by the animal kingdom. There are old and new poems from all over the world, by poets including Lewis Carroll and Grace Nichols—as well as lots of attractive artwork. Dear Ugly Sisters By Laura Mucha. Illustrated by Tania Rex. The first collection from exciting new poet Laura Mucha explores all sorts of topics, such as science, space and classic fairy tales. Other poems are inspired by events that affect us today, such as Dear Key Workers, which praises those who have helped us all during the coronavirus pandemic. The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice By A. F. Harrold. Illustrated by Mini Grey. There are all kinds of unexpected advice in this funny poetry book, whether you want to know about lively castles, breakfast or parrots. Bringing together lots of impressive poems by A. F. Harrold, it's also filled with fun illustrations by Mini Grey. On the Move By Michael Rosen. Illustrated by Quentin Blake. Two former Children's Laureates have joined forces to create this book. Michael Rosen has taken inspiration from his childhood and family history, as well as stories of migration from all over the world, to create poems that will leave you with lots to think about. 36. If you are passionate about animals, which book can you read? A. Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! B. Dear Ugly Sisters C. The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice D. On the Move 37. What is the poem named Dear Key Workers about? A. Kindness during tough times. B. Unexpected advice. C. Difficulties of migration. D. Science and technology. 38. Who is the author of the book with fun illustrations? A. Fiona Waters. B. Laura Mucha. C. A. F. Harrold. D. Michael Rosen. 39. What partly inspired Michael Rosen to write the book? A. The animal kingdom. B. Stories of migration. C. Classic fairy tales. D. Lively castles. 40. What do the four books have in common? A. They are all poetry books. B. They all include various topics. C. They are all designed for children only. D. They are all inspired by the animal kingdom. In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork, because they are fast, flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said, “Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day.” And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their trades are “untouched by human hands” and therefore safe from human temptation (诱惑) . Obviously, computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal. Computer criminals don’t use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence. A computer cannot remember who used it; it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money from someone else’s account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler (赌徒) . When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records. Some employees use the computers’ power to get revenge (报仇) on employers they consider unfair. Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days’ notice. In those thirty days, she erased (清除) all the company’s computerized records. Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is “the tip of the iceberg”. As one official says, “I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing — the ones who know how a computer works.” 41. Which feature of computers makes computer theft possible? A. They are fast, flexible and accurate to run every program. B. They usually function normally. C. They have no sense of what is right or wrong. D. They have no reason to steal money. 42. The author uses the case of the head teller to show . A. how computer criminals do evil things B. how hard it is to find computer criminals C. computers lack conscience D. computer crime can involve a big sum of money 43. The head teller was found guilty of stealing . A. after the police examined the illegal gambling operation documents B. when the police broke up the illegal gambling operation C. after he was questioned on the unusual balance of an account D. when he was caught transmitting money from one account to another 44. Why did the computer tape librarian erase all the company’s computerized records? A. She might think it was right to revenge any injustice in professional life. B. She might think the employer was wrong to fire her for personal problems. C. The company carelessly gave her enough time to do the erasing. D. The company always interfered with its employees’ personal life. 45. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Minor employees are supposed to be responsible for economic criminals. B. Of all crimes, computer theft is “the tip of the iceberg”. C. Computer crimes are all poorly done. D. There are more computer crimes committed by computer masters. It’s weird. Time feels faster the older we get. I can think back to an event three years ago, and it feels like yesterday. I still wear the same clothes. My haircut is the same. I live in the same place and eat the same food. Nothing much distinguishes that event from my present. Yet, for a child or teenager, three years can feel like a lifetime. Why does this happen? Children and teenagers experience significantly more change, more frequently, than adults. They grow taller, wear new clothes, switch schools, have different friends, and learn new things in class. It is a world of transition and change. As adults, many of these factors level out and don’t change at all. During adolescence, which researchers identify as between 10 and 25 years of age, the brain undergoes significant change. Laurence Steinberg, a heavy hitter in the adolescent research world, calls it a brain of “opportunity” because it is wide open to learning. Imagine thousands of neurons all bumping up against each other, equally likely to activate each other. Adolescents are highly sensitive to their environment because their brains are open to anything and everything happening to them. They use this openness to learn how the world works and how to function in it. When sex hormones come online, they enhance this learning through myelination (髓鞘形成), or the act of adding a fatty sheath on top of the highly active neurons to help them fire 100times faster than non-myelinated neurons. The brain takes what it learns and hardwires it. Stressful life events have a greater impact when they occur in adolescence versus middle childhood because the brain wires to teenage experiences. This is why we have a different experience of time. When we are teenagers, we are so open and receptive to the world. Our interactions with teachers, friends, material in class, parents, society, and more shape how we understand the world and how we operate in it. We experience big emotions, teaching us about relationships, responsibility, and everything else. It feels like so much happens every day because our brains are taking in so many things. As we get older, our brains aren’t wired to take in as many things from the outside world, or to learn in the same way. Therefore, three years ago can feel like yesterday: not much has changed in our brains, our perception, or our lived experience. 46. What is the author’s primary observation about time in the first paragraph? A. Personal habits like clothing and diet never evolve after youth. B. Physical appearance remains unchanged for years in adulthood. C. Adults’ stable routines make time feel faster than in childhood. D. Childhood memories feel more distant than recent adult experiences. 47. According to the article, why do children and teenagers perceive time as passing more slowly than adults do? A. Because their brains develop slower, delaying time perception. B. Because they lack the cognitive ability to track time accurately. C. Because their daily routines are less structured than those of adults. D. Because they experience more frequent and noticeable life changes. 48. Why do stressful events impact adolescents more? A. They lack emotional strength. B. Their brains are less developed. C. They experience fewer changes. D. Their brains hardwire experiences. 49. What can we infer about teenagers from the passage? A. They have less stress than adults. B. They are more likely to adapt to change. C. Their brains are less active than those of adults. D. They focus more on the present than the future. 50. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Why Time Feels Faster as We Age. B. The Role of Change in Perception. C. How Teen Brains Shape Time Perception. D. The Impact of Hormones on Time Experience. Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. While the term AI brings to mind anxieties about killer robots or disastrous levels of unemployment, there are other, deeper consequences. As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral consequences. Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgments depends on regularly making them — on habit and practice. We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves. In the workplace, managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve, to name a few. These are areas where algorithmic (算法的) principle is replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will. Recommendation engines, which are increasingly popular media in people’s consumption of culture, may serve to restrict choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with algorithmically selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with machine taste. As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on greater data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become completely predictable. The predictions are going to get better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant. But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures living in the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. 51. What do we learn about the deeper consequences of AI? A. It is causing disastrous levels of unemployment. B. It is doing physical harm to human operators. C. It is altering moral judgments. D. It is reshaping humanity. 52. What is the result of algorithmic principle replacing human judgment? A. People lose the chance to develop the ability to make practical judgments. B. People are prevented from participating in making major decisions in the workplace. C. Managers no longer have the chance to decide which loan to approve. D. Managers do not need to take the trouble to determine who to hire or fire. 53. What may result from increasing application of recommendation engines in our consumption of culture? A. Consumers will have much limited choice. B. Consumers will actually enjoy better luck. C. It will be easier to decide on what to enjoy. D. Humans will develop tastes similar to machines’. 54. What is likely to happen to larger parts of our daily life as machine learning algorithms improve? A. They will turn out to be more pleasant. B. They will repeat our past experiences. C. They can be completely foreseen. D. They may become better and better. 55. Why does the author say the creatures living in the more and more AI-mediated world will become increasingly unlike us? A. They will have lost the most significant element of being intelligent. B. They will no longer possess the human characteristic of being unpredictable. C. They will not be able to understand themselves as we can do today. D. They will be taken away what their ancestors were proud of about themselves. 第II卷（非选择题 共35分） 第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读表达 There are certain places on the planet where you can feel a connection with a loved one. That’s the way my mother and I felt about Little Italy in New York City. The very streets brought us back to our roots that were planted before either of us was born. It’s the spot where, on a hot July night in 1906,my grandfather Tony was born to immigrant (移民) parents. “I was born on the corner of Mott Street,” he often said. Last year, he passed away. My mother was heartbroken. I tried my best to console her. I often accompanied her and took her out for dinner. One Sunday, I invited her to our favorite restaurant. I found a parking space on Mott Street. We only had to walk down the street to reach the restaurant which was around the corner. After walking for several minutes, we found the weather broke. The wind from the storm whipped (抽打)our faces. The storm came. There was no time to return to our car. “Come on,” my mother said. And she grabbed my arm and pulled me into an old tenement(公寓大楼) house, which was, surprisingly, unlocked. When we entered the living room, something struck my mother and she said, “Do you think this could be the building where Grandpa lived?” She took out a pen and wrote down the number. When we went back home, my mother took out an old box. She handed me a piece of paper which turned out to be my grandfather’s birth certificate. It was the same building. With tears in her eyes, she said, “Grandpa didn’t leave us and he looked out for us.” Was it a miracle or a coincidence? I didn’t have a definite answer but I would rather believe it was a miracle. When Grandpa Tony was alive, he always did his best to protect us. Though he passed away, his spirit was still with us and performed the same duty. I believe that he is our guardian angel and his love will be always surrounding us. 56. Why did the author have a special connection with Little Italy in New York City? (no more than 10 words) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 probably mean? (1 word) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. Why did the author and her mother enter the old tenement house? (no more than 8 words). __________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What did the author and her mother realize after they went home? (no more than 10words) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. Do you have your own guardian angel? And who is he or she? Please explain. (no more than 25words) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达（共1小题，满分25分） 61. 想象一下你不得不在一个危险的地方生存。通过回答以下问题来规划你的故事。 1.危险的地方在哪里? 2.危险是什么? 3.你如何设法生存下来? 4.你感觉如何? 注意：（1）词数不少于100词；（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；（3）标题已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：寒冷the cold 化雪为水melt snow 焦虑anxious 乐观optimistic Surviving the Danger _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力部分（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 62. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Rainy B. Sunny C. Windy 63. What does the woman think of the fish? A. Quite good. B. Just so-so C. Terrible. 64. How long is Mark’s business trip? A. Three weeks. B. A month. C. Five weeks. 65. Why didn’t James call Lisa last night? A. He had an unexpected guest. B. He prepared his report till late. C. He dropped by Daniel’s house. 66. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their great dreams. B. A graduate in history C. An inspiring old woman. 第二节（共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 67. When will the man return the money to Maria? A. Next Monday. B. Next Tuesday C. Next Wednesday 68. What will the man do tonight? A. Study at home. B. Attend a party C. Buy a new phone. 69. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates B. Close friends. C. Brother and sister. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 70. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a museum. B. In a factory C. In a store 71. Why does Bill like to come here? A. To get relaxed. B. To buy the latest toys. C. To meet some friends. 72. What does Bill say about his childhood toys? A. He made his own toys. B. He didn’t keep any of them. C He often played hands-on toys. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 73. Who first developed plastic on a large scale? A. A Frenchman. B. An Englishman. C. An American 74. What was the advantage of plastic collars? A. They didn’t wear out easily. B. They were easy to wash. C. They were comfortable. 75. Why were the plastic toys a good choice for some mothers? A. They were colorful. B. They were cheap. C. They were light in weight. 76. What does the speaker talk about at the end? A. The popularity of plastic. B. Different ways of using plastic. C. The harmful side of plastic. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 天津美达菲学校高二2025-2026学年第二学期英语期中考试 第I卷（选择题 共95分） 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —It was a wonderful National Day holiday trip. So, which city did you like better, Hangzhou or Wuxi? —______. There were good things and bad things about them. A. It’s hard to say B. I didn’t get it C. You must be kidding D. Couldn’t be better 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：—这是一次很棒的国庆节旅行。那么，你更喜欢哪个城市，杭州还是无锡？—很难说。它们都既有好的也有坏的事情。A.很难说；B.我不明白；C.你一定是在开玩笑吧；D.再好不过了。根据下文“There were good things and bad things about them.”可知，这两个城市既有好的地方也有不好的地方，因此推断很难说。故选A。 【点睛】 2. The in climate resulted in some species hard to adapt to it. A. status B. consumption C. comparison D. variation 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：气候的变化导致一些物种难以适应它。A. status地位，状态；B. consumption消耗，消费；C. comparison比较，对比；D. variation变化，变动。根据“resulted in some species hard to adapt to it”可知，说明气候发生了某种改变，物种才难以适应。The variation in climate意为“气候变化”，最符合语境。 3. A creature called wild man attracted scientists’ interest. A. mysterious B. infectious C. rewarding D. influential 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：一种被称为野人的神秘生物引起了科学家们的兴趣。A. mysterious神秘的；B. infectious传染的；C. rewarding值得做的；D. influential有影响力的。 根据句意，“野人（wild man）”是一种尚未被完全证实存在的生物，具有神秘色彩，因此会引起科学家的兴趣。 4. Firefighters brought the fire successfully and prevented further spreading. A. on behalf of B. under control C. under construction D. under repair 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：消防员成功地控制了火势，并阻止了其进一步蔓延。A. on behalf of代表； B. under control在控制之下； C. under construction在建设中；D. under repair在维修中。根据“and prevented further spreading”可知，消防员阻止了火势的蔓延，所以此处指的是成功“控制”了火势，bring sth under control为常见搭配，意为“将某物控制住”。 5. According to official statistics, a number of bad behaviours urban development. A. appreciate B. commit C. restrict D. react 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：根据官方统计数据，许多不良行为限制了城市的发展。 A. appreciate欣赏；B. commit犯罪；C. restrict限制；D. react反应。 空处需要填入一个动词作谓语，表示不良行为对城市发展产生的影响，结合常识可知，不良行为会阻碍或限制城市的发展。 6. She was greatly surprised when her brother at the door, whom she hadn’t seen for years. A. popped up B. went up C. got rid of D. brought forth 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：当她多年未见的哥哥突然出现在门口时，她感到非常惊讶。A. popped up突然出现；B. went up上升；C. got rid of摆脱；D. brought forth产生，提出。 根据“greatly surprised”可知，此处表示多年未见的哥哥突然出现在门口，pop up符合语境。 7. The results are entirely ________with our earlier research. A. artificial B. consistent C. decent D. humble 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果与我们早期的研究完全一致。A. artificial人工的；B. consistent持续的、一致的；C. decent体面的；D. humble谦逊的。此处指结果与早期的研究一致，应用be consistent with。故选B。 8. , animals find towns and cities in their way. A. Wherever do they go B. Where they go C. No matter wherever they go D. Wherever they go 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：无论动物们去哪里，它们都会发现城镇和城市挡住了它们的路。本句为主从复合句，逗号前为让步状语从句。表示“无论哪里”用wherever，引导让步状语从句时，从句需用陈述语序，即“wherever + 主语 + 谓语”，wherever they go，符合题意。 9. It’s really kind of you me out of trouble. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你帮我摆脱困境真是太好了。It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. 为固定句型，意为“某人做某事真是太……了”，其中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to do sth。 10. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ________ we are to shake hands with. A. whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查状语从句。句意：为了表示我们的尊重，我们通常必须把手套脱下来，不管我们要和谁握手。由“we are to shake hands with”可知，句子表示“为了表示我们的尊重，我们通常必须把手套脱下来，不管我们要和谁握手”，空格处意为“无论谁”，是whoever，引导让步状语从句，故选C。 11. ______ I’m concerned about most is ______ we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time. A. That; how B. What; if C. What; how D. As; whether 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我最担心的是我们如何在这么短的时间里筹集到这么一大笔钱。第一空中，is前面是一个主语从句，从句中缺少一个介词about的宾语，指代“担心的事情”，故用what来引导该主语从句；第二空中，is后为表语从句，根据句意可知，应该是表达筹钱的方式，表示“如何”所以用how来引导。故选C。 【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。如本题中，分析句子成分可知，is前面是一个主语从句，从句中缺少一个介词about的宾语，指代“担心的事情”，故用what来引导该主语从句；第二空中，is后为表语从句，根据句意可知，应该是表达筹钱的方式，表示“如何”所以用how来引导。 12. A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，该市80％的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，主句时态为一般过去时，根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时，且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数，按照主谓一致原则，因此使用be动词were。故选D项。 13. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _____visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：Smith博士和他的妻子、女儿今年夏天要去北京旅游。分析句子可知，Dr. Smith是主语，together with构成的短语作后置定语修饰主语，谓语动词和前面主语保持一致，用单数形式，排除BD两项；时间状语是this summer，故用is going to表示将来。故选A项。 14. (2016·北京)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____________ one can be entirely free from dust. A. what B. that C. whether D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句的句意和句子结构完整，因此用that来引导表语从句，故选B。 【名师点睛】表语从句 Predictive Clauses(在be动词后) 1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是wh-。 例如：The fact is that she never liked him. The question is whether the movie is worth seeing. The question is who can complete the difficult task. This/That/It is because… I think it is because you are doing too much. The reason why… is that… The reason why the play is successful is that it appeals to many different people. 2. 只能用whether 的情况 * 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中 * 在介词后的宾语从句中 例如：It all depends on whether they will support us. * 在不定式之前 例如：He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. * 从句中有or not时 例如：He doesn’t know whether he should stay or not. 15. The news shocked the public，______ to great concern about students' safety at school. A. having led B. led C. leading D. to lead 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个消息震惊了公众，已经引起了对于学生在校安全的巨大关注。The news shocked the public是个句子，因此设空处所在部分使用非谓语形式，逻辑主语news与lead之间是主动关系，因此使用现在分词做结果状语。lead to导致。故须C。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分） As I sat motionless on the steps of the pool, watching everyone else swim back and forth, I realized that I had spent most of my life watching others enjoy themselves. It was then that I ___16___ a little girl staring at me with a look of confusion. I smiled at her, hoping to ___17___ the ice by talking to her. Unfortunately, my ___18___ failed and she just kept on staring. My ___19___ increased as a little boy swam up to me and said, “I feel sorry for you.” After the ___20___, a thought struck me, I had to change ___21___ the world viewed me. Because it was children who stared at me the most, I decided to write a children’s book that taught them about ___22___ in a fun way. This is when KatGirl, a super hero in a ___23___ who helps children that are being bullied, came into my mind. I quickly ___24___ inside my apartment and began creating the story. As I wrote each word, I could ____25____ my future as a world-renowned author and public speaker. My excitement ____26____ like wildfire. Over the next two years, the story ____27____ many changes before it saw the world in the spring of 2011. My perseverance ____28____ paid off. One day I was invited to speak to the students at a neighboring school. I confidently wheeled into a classroom filled with students who ____29____ at me just like the little girl in the pool. “How do you feel when you see me?” I asked them. The kids bravely ____30____ “ I feel sorry for you.” I opened my book and started reading. Immediately I noticed the children’s stares turned to ____31____. “ How do you feel when you see me?” I asked again. Without ____32____ they replied, “You are so cool! Does your ____33____ fly too?” I just smiled, “No, not yet, but maybe some day.” I knew in my heart that this was ____34____. The past two years had proven to me that with ____35____ anything is possible. 16. A. suggested B. noticed C. watched D. appreciated 17. A. forget B. break C. remove D. deliver 18. A. project B. anger C. advice D. attempt 19. A. relief B. curiosity C. awkwardness D. encouragement 20. A. encounter B. competition C. argument D. interview 21. A. how B. what C. when D. why 22. A. disabilities B. potentials C. paintings D. manners 23. A. pool B. car C. wheelchair D. spaceship 24. A. walked B. wheeled C. rushed D. raced 25. A. regard B. realize C. picture D. consider 26. A. folded B. recovered C. spread D. declined 27. A. turned down B. went through C. looked up D. got around 28. A. generally B. carefully C. separately D. eventually 29. A. called B. stared C. glimpsed D. laughed 30. A. greeted B. agreed C. continued D. responded 31. A. smiles B. doubts C. jokes D. tears 32. A. hesitation B. discussion C. intention D. imagination 33. A. body B. chair C. dream D. book 34. A. funny B. strange C. true D. false 35. A. generosity B. popularity C. harmony D. determination 【答案】16. B 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍一个残疾孩子通过自己的努力终于写成一本书，告诉人们只要有决心，做任何事情都会成功。 【16题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：我坐在池边的台阶上，看着别人游来游去的时候，注意到一个小女孩用一种困惑的眼神盯着我。A. suggested建议；B. noticed注意；C. watched观看；D. appreciated欣赏，故选B。 【17题详解】 考查动词辨析。此处指我朝着女孩笑了笑，希望通过谈话打破我们之间冰冷的关系。A. forget忘记；B. break打破；C. remove移动；D. deliver发表，故选B。 【18题详解】 考查名词辨析。根据Unfortunately和failed可知，这里意思是和女孩谈话的尝试失败了。A. project工程；B. anger愤怒；C. advice建议；D. attempt尝试，故选D。 【19题详解】 考查名词辨析。想和女孩说话，女孩不搭理，另一个男孩过来说为作者感到遗憾，所以此时作者感到很尴尬。A. relief安慰；B. curiosity好奇；C. awkwardness尴尬；D. encouragement鼓励，故选C。 【20题详解】 考查名词辨析。此处指这次和这两个孩子偶遇之后，作者有了新想法。A. encounter偶遇；B. competition竞争；C. argument论点；D. interview采访，故选A。 【21题详解】 考查连词辨析。此处指作者不得不改变世界对自己的看法，指如何看自己的方式。A. how如何；B. what什么；C. when当…时；D. why为什么，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词辨析。作者决定写一本儿童读物，以一种有趣的方式向孩子们介绍残疾。根据上文作者看别人游泳及男孩说的I feel sorry for you.和下文的I confidently wheeled into a classroom filled with students who ___14___ at me just like the little girl in the pool.可知，作者是残疾人，想改变孩子们对残疾的看法。A. disabilities残疾；B. potentials潜能；C. paintings绘画；D. manners礼貌，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词辨析。根据下文I confidently wheeled into a classroom以及上文作者想改变孩子们对残疾的看法可推知，KatGirl是一个坐轮椅的女孩。A. pool水塘；B. car汽车；C. wheelchair轮椅；D. spaceship宇宙飞船，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词辨析。根据上文内容和下文I confidently wheeled into a classroom可知，作者是坐轮椅的残疾人，此处指作者赶紧回家开始写作。A. walked走路；B. wheeled滚动；C. rushed急忙；D. raced和……竞赛，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词辨析。作者写下每一个字的时候，就想象自己可以成为一个世界知名的作家和演说家，以此来激励自己继续写作。A. regard考虑；B. realize实现；C. picture想象；D. consider考虑，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词辨析。有了写作动力，作者的兴奋就像野火一样扩散。A. folded折叠；B. recovered恢复；C. spread扩散；D. declined衰退，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，直到2011年春天出版前，这个故事经历了多次变化。A. turned down拒绝；B. went through经历；C. looked up查出；D. got around到处走动，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词辨析。作者的书问世，作者的坚持最后得到了回报。A. generally一般地；B. carefully小心地；C. separately分离地；D. eventually最后，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词辨析。与上文a little girl staring at me with a look of confusion.呼应，这里指学生们和我在游泳池遇到的小女孩一样，盯着坐在轮椅上的我。A. called打电话；B. stared凝视；C. glimpsed瞥见；D. laughed笑，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词辨析。此处指学生们勇敢地回答作者的问题How do you feel when you see me? A. greeted问候；B. agreed同意；C. continued继续；D. responded回答。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词辨析。根据孩子们的回答You are so cool!可知，孩子们的眼神由盯着变成了微笑。A. smiles微笑；B. doubts怀疑；C. jokes笑话；D. tears眼泪，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词辨析。此处指作者再次提问时，学生们毫不犹豫回答：“你很酷。” A. hesitation犹豫；B. discussion讨论；C. intention目的；D. imagination想象，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词辨析。根据文意和上文I confidently wheeled into a classroom可知，孩子们问作者的轮椅会飞吗? A. body身体；B. chair椅子；C. dream梦想；D. book书，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词辨析。作者知道在自己心里这是真实的，这是作者真实的想法。A. funny有趣的；B. strange奇怪的；C. true真实的；D. false错误的，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：过去的两年，证明了只要有决心，任何事情都是有可能的。 A. generosity慷慨；B. popularity流行；C. harmony协调；D. determination决心，故选D。 【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题3根据Unfortunately和failed可知这里意思是和女孩谈话的尝试失败了。A. project工程；B. anger愤怒；C. advice建议；D. attempt尝试，故选D。小题14与上文a little girl staring at me with a look of confusion.呼应，这里指学生们和我在游泳池遇到的小女孩一样，盯着坐在轮椅上的我。A. called打电话；B. stared凝视；C. glimpsed瞥见；D. laughed笑，故选B。 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分） Here is a selection of books offering poems that range from being funny to being educational. Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! By Fiona Waters. Illustrated by Britta Teckentrup. Containing a different poem for each day of the year, this beautiful book brings together a various selection of poetry inspired by the animal kingdom. There are old and new poems from all over the world, by poets including Lewis Carroll and Grace Nichols—as well as lots of attractive artwork. Dear Ugly Sisters By Laura Mucha. Illustrated by Tania Rex. The first collection from exciting new poet Laura Mucha explores all sorts of topics, such as science, space and classic fairy tales. Other poems are inspired by events that affect us today, such as Dear Key Workers, which praises those who have helped us all during the coronavirus pandemic. The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice By A. F. Harrold. Illustrated by Mini Grey. There are all kinds of unexpected advice in this funny poetry book, whether you want to know about lively castles, breakfast or parrots. Bringing together lots of impressive poems by A. F. Harrold, it's also filled with fun illustrations by Mini Grey. On the Move By Michael Rosen. Illustrated by Quentin Blake. Two former Children's Laureates have joined forces to create this book. Michael Rosen has taken inspiration from his childhood and family history, as well as stories of migration from all over the world, to create poems that will leave you with lots to think about. 36. If you are passionate about animals, which book can you read? A. Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! B. Dear Ugly Sisters C. The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice D. On the Move 37. What is the poem named Dear Key Workers about? A. Kindness during tough times. B. Unexpected advice. C. Difficulties of migration. D. Science and technology. 38. Who is the author of the book with fun illustrations? A. Fiona Waters. B. Laura Mucha. C. A. F. Harrold. D. Michael Rosen. 39. What partly inspired Michael Rosen to write the book? A. The animal kingdom. B. Stories of migration. C. Classic fairy tales. D. Lively castles. 40. What do the four books have in common? A. They are all poetry books. B. They all include various topics. C. They are all designed for children only. D. They are all inspired by the animal kingdom. 【答案】36. A 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了几本精选出来的书，提供了从有趣到发人深省的诗歌。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! 下的介绍“Containing a different poem for each day of the year, this beautiful book brings together a various selection of poetry inspired by the animal kingdom.( 这本美丽的书包含了一年中每一天的不同诗歌，汇集了受动物王国启发的各种诗歌。)”可知，这本书适合喜欢动物的人，故选择A项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Dear Ugly Sisters下的介绍“Other poems are inspired by events that affect us today, such as Dear Key Workers, which praises those who have helped us all during the coronavirus pandemic.(其他诗歌的灵感来自今天影响我们的事件，比如《亲爱的关键工人》，它赞扬了在冠状病毒大流行期间帮助我们所有人的人。)”可知，这首诗是关于困难时期的善良的，故选择A项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice 下的介绍“Bringing together lots of impressive poems by A. F. Harrold, it's also filled with fun illustrations by Mini Grey. (它汇集了A.F.Harrold的许多令人印象深刻的诗歌，还配有Mini Grey的有趣插图。) ”配有有趣插图的书的作者是A.F.Harrold，故选择C项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据On the Move下的介绍“Michael Rosen has taken inspiration from his childhood and family history, as well as stories of migration from all over the world, to create poems that will leave you with lots to think about.( 迈克尔·罗森从他的童年和家族历史，以及来自世界各地的移民故事中汲取灵感，创作了一些诗歌，让你有很多思考的地方。) ”可知，迈克尔·罗森是从移民故事中获取的灵感，故选择B项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Here is a selection of books offering poems that range from being funny to being thought-provoking (以下是精选的几本书，提供了从有趣到发人深省的诗歌)”可知，这几本书的共同之处是都是诗集。故选择A项。 In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork, because they are fast, flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said, “Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day.” And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their trades are “untouched by human hands” and therefore safe from human temptation (诱惑) . Obviously, computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal. Computer criminals don’t use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence. A computer cannot remember who used it; it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money from someone else’s account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler (赌徒) . When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records. Some employees use the computers’ power to get revenge (报仇) on employers they consider unfair. Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days’ notice. In those thirty days, she erased (清除) all the company’s computerized records. Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is “the tip of the iceberg”. As one official says, “I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing — the ones who know how a computer works.” 41. Which feature of computers makes computer theft possible? A. They are fast, flexible and accurate to run every program. B. They usually function normally. C. They have no sense of what is right or wrong. D. They have no reason to steal money. 42. The author uses the case of the head teller to show . A. how computer criminals do evil things B. how hard it is to find computer criminals C. computers lack conscience D. computer crime can involve a big sum of money 43. The head teller was found guilty of stealing . A. after the police examined the illegal gambling operation documents B. when the police broke up the illegal gambling operation C. after he was questioned on the unusual balance of an account D. when he was caught transmitting money from one account to another 44. Why did the computer tape librarian erase all the company’s computerized records? A. She might think it was right to revenge any injustice in professional life. B. She might think the employer was wrong to fire her for personal problems. C. The company carelessly gave her enough time to do the erasing. D. The company always interfered with its employees’ personal life. 45. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Minor employees are supposed to be responsible for economic criminals. B. Of all crimes, computer theft is “the tip of the iceberg”. C. Computer crimes are all poorly done. D. There are more computer crimes committed by computer masters. 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电脑犯罪的特点、案例以及对电脑犯罪的推测。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal. (但它们也没有良知，越来越多的计算机犯罪案例表明，计算机可以被用来盗窃。)”可知，电脑没有是非观念的特点使得电脑盗窃成为可能。故选C。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Computer criminals don’t use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence. A computer cannot remember who used it; it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money from someone else’s account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler (赌徒) . When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records. (计算机犯罪分子不用枪。而且即使他们被抓，也很难受到惩罚，因为没有目击者，往往也没有证据。计算机不会记住谁使用过它，它只会按照指令行事。纽约市一家银行的首席出纳员利用计算机在短短四年内盗走了超过15亿美元。没有人发现这起盗窃案，因为他把钱从一个账户转移到另一个账户。每当被他盗取钱财的客户询问账户余额时，这位出纳员就声称是计算机出错，然后从其他人的账户中补上缺失的钱。这个人之所以落网，只是因为他是个赌徒。警方捣毁一个非法赌博团伙时，在记录中发现了他的名字。)”可知，作者用银行出纳员的例子是为了说明找到电脑罪犯是多么困难。故选B。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records. (当警方捣毁一个非法赌博活动时，他的名字出现在记录中。)”可知，是在警方检查非法赌博活动文件后，这位银行出纳主管被发现有罪。故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some employees use the computers’ power to get revenge (报仇) on employers they consider unfair. Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days’ notice. In those thirty days, she erased (清除) all the company’s computerized records. (一些员工利用计算机的功能，向他们认为不公平的雇主进行报复。最近，一家大型保险公司解雇了其计算机磁带管理员，原因涉及她的个人生活而非工作表现。公司给了她30天的离职通知期。在那30天里，她删除了公司所有的计算机化记录。)”可知，电脑磁带管理员删除公司所有电脑记录是因为她可能认为雇主因为个人问题解雇她是错误的，所以她要报复。故选B。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As one official says, “I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing — the ones who know how a computer works.” (正如一位官员所说：“我有一种感觉，外面的犯罪比我们抓到的要多。我们现在看到的都做得很糟糕。我想知道真正的专家在做什么——那些知道电脑如何工作的人。”)”可知，有更多由电脑高手犯下的电脑犯罪。故选D。 It’s weird. Time feels faster the older we get. I can think back to an event three years ago, and it feels like yesterday. I still wear the same clothes. My haircut is the same. I live in the same place and eat the same food. Nothing much distinguishes that event from my present. Yet, for a child or teenager, three years can feel like a lifetime. Why does this happen? Children and teenagers experience significantly more change, more frequently, than adults. They grow taller, wear new clothes, switch schools, have different friends, and learn new things in class. It is a world of transition and change. As adults, many of these factors level out and don’t change at all. During adolescence, which researchers identify as between 10 and 25 years of age, the brain undergoes significant change. Laurence Steinberg, a heavy hitter in the adolescent research world, calls it a brain of “opportunity” because it is wide open to learning. Imagine thousands of neurons all bumping up against each other, equally likely to activate each other. Adolescents are highly sensitive to their environment because their brains are open to anything and everything happening to them. They use this openness to learn how the world works and how to function in it. When sex hormones come online, they enhance this learning through myelination (髓鞘形成), or the act of adding a fatty sheath on top of the highly active neurons to help them fire 100times faster than non-myelinated neurons. The brain takes what it learns and hardwires it. Stressful life events have a greater impact when they occur in adolescence versus middle childhood because the brain wires to teenage experiences. This is why we have a different experience of time. When we are teenagers, we are so open and receptive to the world. Our interactions with teachers, friends, material in class, parents, society, and more shape how we understand the world and how we operate in it. We experience big emotions, teaching us about relationships, responsibility, and everything else. It feels like so much happens every day because our brains are taking in so many things. As we get older, our brains aren’t wired to take in as many things from the outside world, or to learn in the same way. Therefore, three years ago can feel like yesterday: not much has changed in our brains, our perception, or our lived experience. 46. What is the author’s primary observation about time in the first paragraph? A. Personal habits like clothing and diet never evolve after youth. B. Physical appearance remains unchanged for years in adulthood. C. Adults’ stable routines make time feel faster than in childhood. D. Childhood memories feel more distant than recent adult experiences. 47. According to the article, why do children and teenagers perceive time as passing more slowly than adults do? A. Because their brains develop slower, delaying time perception. B. Because they lack the cognitive ability to track time accurately. C. Because their daily routines are less structured than those of adults. D. Because they experience more frequent and noticeable life changes. 48. Why do stressful events impact adolescents more? A. They lack emotional strength. B. Their brains are less developed. C. They experience fewer changes. D. Their brains hardwire experiences. 49. What can we infer about teenagers from the passage? A. They have less stress than adults. B. They are more likely to adapt to change. C. Their brains are less active than those of adults. D. They focus more on the present than the future. 50. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Why Time Feels Faster as We Age. B. The Role of Change in Perception. C. How Teen Brains Shape Time Perception. D. The Impact of Hormones on Time Experience. 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. D 49. B 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了随着年龄增长，人们对时间感知的变化，以及儿童、青少年和成年人在时间感知上的差异。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s weird. Time feels faster the older we get. I can think back to an event three years ago, and it feels like yesterday. I still wear the same clothes. My haircut is the same. I live in the same place and eat the same food. Nothing much distinguishes that event from my present. Yet, for a child or teenager, three years can feel like a lifetime. Why does this happen?(这很奇怪。我们越老，时间感觉越快。我可以回想起三年前的一件事，感觉就像昨天一样。我仍然穿着同样的衣服。我的发型还是老样子。我住在同一个地方，吃同样的食物。那件事和我现在的情况没有多大区别。然而，对于一个孩子或青少年来说，三年就像一辈子。为什么会发生这种情况？)”可知，在第一段中作者对时间的主要观察是成年人稳定的日常生活让人觉得时间比童年时过得快。故选C。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Children and teenagers experience significantly more change, more frequently, than adults.(儿童和青少年比成年人经历更多的变化，且更频繁)”可知，儿童和青少年与成年人对时间感知不同的原因是他们经历更多的变化。故选D。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Stressful life events have a greater impact when they occur in adolescence versus middle childhood because the brain wires to teenage experiences.(与童年中期相比，压力事件在青春期发生时影响更大，因为大脑会与青少年的经历建立连接)”可知，压力事件对青少年影响更大的原因是他们的大脑会将这些经历“连接”起来。故选D。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Adolescents are highly sensitive to their environment because their brains are open to anything and everything happening to them.(少年对环境非常敏感，因为他们的大脑对发生的任何事情都保持开放)”可推知，青少年更容易适应变化。故选B。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“It’s weird. Time feels faster the older we get.(这很奇怪。我们越老，时间感觉越快)”可知，文章主要讨论了随着年龄增长，人们对时间感知的变化，尤其是成年人与青少年在时间感知上的差异。选项A“为什么随着年龄增长，时间感觉过得越来越快”最符合文章标题，故选A。 Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. While the term AI brings to mind anxieties about killer robots or disastrous levels of unemployment, there are other, deeper consequences. As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral consequences. Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgments depends on regularly making them — on habit and practice. We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves. In the workplace, managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve, to name a few. These are areas where algorithmic (算法的) principle is replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will. Recommendation engines, which are increasingly popular media in people’s consumption of culture, may serve to restrict choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with algorithmically selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with machine taste. As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on greater data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become completely predictable. The predictions are going to get better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant. But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures living in the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. 51. What do we learn about the deeper consequences of AI? A. It is causing disastrous levels of unemployment. B. It is doing physical harm to human operators. C. It is altering moral judgments. D. It is reshaping humanity. 52. What is the result of algorithmic principle replacing human judgment? A. People lose the chance to develop the ability to make practical judgments. B. People are prevented from participating in making major decisions in the workplace. C. Managers no longer have the chance to decide which loan to approve. D. Managers do not need to take the trouble to determine who to hire or fire. 53. What may result from increasing application of recommendation engines in our consumption of culture? A. Consumers will have much limited choice. B. Consumers will actually enjoy better luck. C. It will be easier to decide on what to enjoy. D. Humans will develop tastes similar to machines’. 54. What is likely to happen to larger parts of our daily life as machine learning algorithms improve? A. They will turn out to be more pleasant. B. They will repeat our past experiences. C. They can be completely foreseen. D. They may become better and better. 55. Why does the author say the creatures living in the more and more AI-mediated world will become increasingly unlike us? A. They will have lost the most significant element of being intelligent. B. They will no longer possess the human characteristic of being unpredictable. C. They will not be able to understand themselves as we can do today. D. They will be taken away what their ancestors were proud of about themselves. 【答案】51. D 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人工智能如何改变人类的生活，尤其是对人类决策能力和不可预测性的潜在影响。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. (例如，人工智能正在改变人类)”以及第二段中“While the term AI brings to mind anxieties about killer robots or disastrous levels of unemployment, there are other, deeper consequences. As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? (虽然人工智能这个词会让人联想到对杀人机器人或灾难性失业水平的担忧，但还有其他更深层次的后果。随着人工智能越来越多地塑造人类体验，这如何改变人类的意义？)”可知，人工智能除了会带来一些人们普遍担忧的后果（如失业等）外，更重要的是它正在重塑人类。故选D。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“These are areas where algorithmic (算法的) principle is replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will. (在这些领域，算法原则正在取代人类的判断，因此那些原本可能有机会在这些领域发展实际判断能力的人将不再有机会)”可知，算法原则取代人类判断导致人们失去了发展实际判断能力的机会。故选A。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Recommendation engines, which are increasingly popular media in people’s consumption of culture, may serve to restrict choice and minimize luck. (推荐引擎在人们文化消费中越来越受欢迎，但它可能会限制选择，减少运气成分)”可知，随着推荐引擎在文化消费中的广泛应用，消费者的选择可能会受到限制。故选A。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on greater data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become completely predictable. The predictions are going to get better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant. (随着机器学习算法的改进，以及它们在更大数据集上的训练，日常生活的更大一部分可能会变得完全可预测。预测会越来越准确，最终会让人们的共同体验更加高效和愉快)”可知，随着机器学习算法的改进，日常生活的大部分可能会变得完全可预测。故选C。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures living in the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. (但是，在不可预测性是人们理解自己和喜欢自己的方式的一部分的程度上，人类正在失去一些重要的东西。随着它们变得越来越可预测，生活在日益由人工智能主导的世界中的生物将变得越来越不像我们)”可推知，作者认为不可预测性是人类自我理解和自我喜爱的一部分，而随着人工智能的发展，人们的生活变得越来越可预测，因此生活在由人工智能主导的世界中的生物将变得越来越不像人类。即人工智能的发展导致人类生活变得越来越可预测，从而失去了不可预测性这一人类特性。故选B。 第II卷（非选择题 共35分） 第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读表达 There are certain places on the planet where you can feel a connection with a loved one. That’s the way my mother and I felt about Little Italy in New York City. The very streets brought us back to our roots that were planted before either of us was born. It’s the spot where, on a hot July night in 1906,my grandfather Tony was born to immigrant (移民) parents. “I was born on the corner of Mott Street,” he often said. Last year, he passed away. My mother was heartbroken. I tried my best to console her. I often accompanied her and took her out for dinner. One Sunday, I invited her to our favorite restaurant. I found a parking space on Mott Street. We only had to walk down the street to reach the restaurant which was around the corner. After walking for several minutes, we found the weather broke. The wind from the storm whipped (抽打)our faces. The storm came. There was no time to return to our car. “Come on,” my mother said. And she grabbed my arm and pulled me into an old tenement(公寓大楼) house, which was, surprisingly, unlocked. When we entered the living room, something struck my mother and she said, “Do you think this could be the building where Grandpa lived?” She took out a pen and wrote down the number. When we went back home, my mother took out an old box. She handed me a piece of paper which turned out to be my grandfather’s birth certificate. It was the same building. With tears in her eyes, she said, “Grandpa didn’t leave us and he looked out for us.” Was it a miracle or a coincidence? I didn’t have a definite answer but I would rather believe it was a miracle. When Grandpa Tony was alive, he always did his best to protect us. Though he passed away, his spirit was still with us and performed the same duty. I believe that he is our guardian angel and his love will be always surrounding us. 56. Why did the author have a special connection with Little Italy in New York City? (no more than 10 words) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 probably mean? (1 word) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. Why did the author and her mother enter the old tenement house? (no more than 8 words). __________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What did the author and her mother realize after they went home? (no more than 10words) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. Do you have your own guardian angel? And who is he or she? Please explain. (no more than 25words) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. Because it was her grandfather’s birthplace. 或 Because it was where her grandfather was born. 57. Comfort. 58. To take shelter from the storm. 或者 To shelter themselves from the storm. 59. They realized that the tenement house was where Grandpa lived. 60. Yes, my grandma is my guardian angel. No matter what I do, she always stands by me and protects me. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和母亲与纽约小意大利有着特殊的情感联系，因为这里是作者祖父的出生地。祖父去世后，作者为安慰伤心的母亲带她去常去的餐厅，路上遇到暴风雨，她们躲进了一所公寓。后来发现这所公寓就是祖父出生居住的地方，作者认为祖父虽已离世，但他的精神一直守护着她们。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“The very streets brought us back to our roots that were planted before either of us was born. It’s the spot where, on a hot July night in 1906, my grandfather Tony was born to immigrant (移民)parents.(这些街道让我们追溯到在我们出生之前就已扎根于此的根源。在 1906 年 7 月的一个炎热夜晚，我的祖父托尼出生在移民父母家中，这里就是那个地方)”可知，作者和纽约小意大利有特殊联系是因为那是她祖父的出生地。故填 Because it was her grandfather’s birthplace. 或 Because it was where her grandfather was born. 【57题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据第二段“My mother was heartbroken. I tried my best to console her.(我母亲很伤心。我尽力去 console 她)”可知，因为母亲伤心，所以 “我” 应是尽力去安慰她，由此可推知 “console”意思是“安慰”，与“comfort”意思相近。故填 Comfort. 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段 “After walking for several minutes, we found the weather broke. The wind from the storm whipped (抽打)our faces. The storm came. There was no time to return to our car.(走了几分钟后，我们发现天气突变。暴风雨的风抽打着我们的脸。暴风雨来了。我们没有时间回到车上)”以及第三段 “Come on,” my mother said. And she grabbed my arm and pulled me into an old tenement (公寓大楼)(“来吧，” 我母亲说。她抓住我的胳膊，把我拉进了一座旧公寓大楼)”可知，作者和母亲进入公寓大楼是为了躲避暴风雨。故填 To take shelter from the storm. 或者 To shelter themselves from the storm. 【59题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“When we went back home, my mother took out an old box. She handed me a piece of paper which turned out to be my grandfather’s birth certificate. It was the same building. With tears in her eyes, she said, “Grandpa didn’t leave us and he looked out for us.”.(当我们回到家的时候，我妈妈拿出了一个旧盒子。她递给我一张纸，原来是我祖父的出生证明。是同一栋楼。她含着泪说：“爷爷没有离开我们，他照顾着我们。”)”可知，作者和母亲回家后意识到那座公寓大楼就是祖父住过的地方。故填 They realized that the tenement house was where Grandpa lived. 【60题详解】 开放题。根据自身情况，合理阐述自己心中的守护天使是谁以及原因即可。如“是的，我奶奶是我的守护天使。无论我做什么，她总是站在我身边保护我。”故填Yes, my grandma is my guardian angel. No matter what I do, she always stands by me and protects me. 第二节：书面表达（共1小题，满分25分） 61. 想象一下你不得不在一个危险的地方生存。通过回答以下问题来规划你的故事。 1.危险的地方在哪里? 2.危险是什么? 3.你如何设法生存下来? 4.你感觉如何? 注意：（1）词数不少于100词；（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；（3）标题已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：寒冷the cold 化雪为水melt snow 焦虑anxious 乐观optimistic Surviving the Danger _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Surviving the Danger Last winter, I found myself trapped in a remote snowy mountain after getting separated from my hiking group. The place was extremely dangerous due to the freezing temperature and thick snow everywhere. The biggest danger was the biting cold and the lack of drinking water. At first, I felt extremely anxious and scared, wondering if I could make it out alive. However, I knew I had to stay calm to survive. I found a sheltered spot under a large rock to block the wind. To get water, I used my bottle to collect snow and tried to melt snow using the little body heat I could conserve. I also reminded myself to stay optimistic and kept moving my limbs to stay warm. After a long and terrifying night, I was finally rescued. This experience taught me the importance of staying strong in the face of danger. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以“Surviving the Danger”为题写一篇短文，设想自己在危险之地生存的经历，交代危险地点、具体危险、自救方式以及个人感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 偏远的：remote→isolated 缺乏：lack→shortage 害怕的：scared→frightened 保存：conserve→preserve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This experience taught me the importance of staying strong in the face of danger. 拓展句：This experience taught me that we should stay strong when we are faced with danger. 【点睛】【高分句型1】At first, I felt extremely anxious and scared, wondering if I could make it out alive.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语以及if引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】To get water, I used my bottle to collect snow and tried to melt snow using the little body heat I could conserve.（运用了不定式作目的状语和省略关系代词的定语从句） 听力部分（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 62. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Rainy B. Sunny C. Windy 63. What does the woman think of the fish? A. Quite good. B. Just so-so C. Terrible. 64. How long is Mark’s business trip? A. Three weeks. B. A month. C. Five weeks. 65. Why didn’t James call Lisa last night? A. He had an unexpected guest. B. He prepared his report till late. C. He dropped by Daniel’s house. 66. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their great dreams. B. A graduate in history C. An inspiring old woman. 第二节（共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 67. When will the man return the money to Maria? A. Next Monday. B. Next Tuesday C. Next Wednesday 68. What will the man do tonight? A. Study at home. B. Attend a party C. Buy a new phone. 69. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates B. Close friends. C. Brother and sister. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 70. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a museum. B. In a factory C. In a store 71. Why does Bill like to come here? A. To get relaxed. B. To buy the latest toys. C. To meet some friends. 72. What does Bill say about his childhood toys? A. He made his own toys. B. He didn’t keep any of them. C He often played hands-on toys. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 73. Who first developed plastic on a large scale? A. A Frenchman. B. An Englishman. C. An American 74. What was the advantage of plastic collars? A. They didn’t wear out easily. B. They were easy to wash. C. They were comfortable. 75. Why were the plastic toys a good choice for some mothers? A. They were colorful. B. They were cheap. C. They were light in weight. 76. What does the speaker talk about at the end? A. The popularity of plastic. B. Different ways of using plastic. C. The harmful side of plastic. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $