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第2课时 单元语法专题 Grammar
小题练语法
一、根据句意用may、can或must填空。
(松原期中)
根据句意用may、can或must填空
1. Please speak a little louder so that I ________hear you.
2. Tom ________come to the party tonight, but I’m not sure.
3. Don’t jump the queue. You ________wait for your turn.
4. The book ________be returned before Saturday.
5. You can go and ask Sally. She ________know where Joan has gone.
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
6. 恐怕这栋老房子在即将到来的雨季中支撑不住。
I’m ________ the old house ________ hold up in the coming rainy season.
(枣庄期末)
7. 我们必须遵守动物园的规则。
We ________ ________the rules in the zoo.
8. 课堂上,我们必须保持安静,专注于学习,认真听老师讲课。
In class, we ________ keep quiet, ________ ________ our study and listen to the teacher carefully.
(南阳期末)
9. 我可以用一下您的手机给我女儿打个电话吗?
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to call my daughter?
(南京期末)
10. 如果我们不采取措施保护大熊猫,未来它们可能一只也不剩。
If we don’t do anything to protect pandas, ________ ________ ________ none left in the future.
三、句型转换。
11. She can draw some hills. (改为否定句)
She ________ draw ________ hills.
12. Maybe Tom is ill at home. (改为同义句)
Tom ________ ________ ill at home
(上海期中)
13. You are not allowed to play in the fountains. (改为同义句)
You ________ ________ in the fountains.
14. We may get some pork. (改为同义句)
________ we should ________ some pork.
(重庆模拟预测)
15. The hair band must be Mary’s.(改为否定句)
The hair band ________ ________ Mary’s.
要点补充练
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子。
(黄山三模)
16. Tom picked up the empty b________ and put it into the dust bin.
17. The boy was punished by his teacher for cheating in the e________.
18. Read the ________ (对话) and choose the correct answer.
(成都期末)
19. David had a f________, so the doctor examined him and took his temperature.
(长春期中)
20. Tell him to take a(n) ________ (雨伞), for it’s raining heavily outside.
二、根据句意选用方框中所给短语并用其适当形式填空。
get through; worry about; a bottle of; stay at home; have to
21. Besides his own study, he is also ________ his classmates, cares about them and is always ready to give them a hand.
22. You must tell your teacher if you ________ be absent from class.
23. It’s cold in Harbin in winter, so people ________ to keep warm.
24. We should take some steps to ________ the difficult days.
25. She is used to drinking ________ milk every morning. She thinks it is very healthy.
三、语法选择。
Anna Brown is a middle school student. She is kind. She is always ready ___26___ others. One day, she ___27___ that there were lots of children with illnesses in her town. These families were in need of money.
Anna wanted to do something for them. It was not easy ___28___ her to give them a lot of money. She had to think of another way.
To raise money for the children, she started to make cards. She enjoyed making and selling beautiful cards. ___29___ were all made by hand and it took her a long time to make them. Anna ___30___ had another idea. She could make more cards ___31___ she went to ask her friends to come to her house and work with her. And her friends all agreed to help.
They worked together every weekend. They ___32___ to be able to show kindness in this way. The materials (材料) were very expensive, so Anna asked for paper and other things from ___33___ neighbours (邻居). She sold each card for three dollars in a market. Anna and her friends got a lot of money for the poor ___34___. More and more people say ___35___ they want to join them.
26. A. help B. to help C. know D. to know
27. A. find B. finds C. found D. has found
28. A. for B. with C. from D. to
29. A. A card B. Card C. The cards D. Cards
30. A. quiet B. quietly C. sudden D. suddenly
31. A. unless B. if C. before D. because
32. A. happily B. were happily C. happy D. were happy
33. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
34. A. kids B. kid C. kids’ D. kid’s
35. A. when B. what C. how D. that
四、语法填空。
(宁波期中)
Ma Li is a dessert shop owner in Yinchuan, Ningxia. On a cool morning. she received ____36____ online order but it took her an hour ____37____ (wait) for the deliveryman (外卖送餐员).
When the deliveryman came, Ma was a little angry. “It is too cold outside and my motorbike didn’t work,” explained the deliveryman. After she heard his words, her anger was gone. She invited him to sit for a while and provided him ____38____ a cup of hot water.
At that moment, Ma noticed the deliveryman’s face and hands were dark purple ____39____ he was working outside for too long. She felt sorry for him. While they ____40____ (talk), Ma knew that the deliveryman wanted ____41____ (buy) her daughter a birthday cake, but he thought it was a little expensive.
After the deliveryman left, Ma shared what happened just now on her WeChat Moments (微信朋友圈) with two photos of the deliveryman. Heartwarming comments (评论) poured in, such as “life is not easy but none of us give up!” “Thumbs up (点赞) for hard-working people” and “Showing understanding to deliverymen.” Some even ____42____ (offer) money for a cake.
The next day, Ma got in touch with the deliveryman and invited him to her shop. When they met, Ma expressed people’s ____43____ (kind) to him and gave him a cake for his daughter’ birthday. The deliveryman was moved deeply.
Thanks to the kind people, Ma received more than 600 yuan in donations from her friends and customers. She said she would give ____44____ the money to people in need. The more we care for others, the ____45____ (great) our world will become.
第2课时 单元语法专题 Grammar
小题练语法
一、根据句意用may、can或must填空。
(松原期中)
【1~5题答案】
【答案】1. can 2. may
3. must 4. must
5. may
【解析】
【1题详解】
句意:请说大声一点,这样我才能听清楚。根据“Please speak a little louder so that I ... hear you.”以及备选词可知,此处表达“能够”,can符合题意。故填can。
【2题详解】
句意:汤姆可能今晚会来参加聚会,但我不确定。根据“Tom ... come to the party tonight, but I’m not sure.”以及备选词可知,此处表达“可能”,may符合题意。故填may。
【3题详解】
句意:不要插队。你必须等待轮到你。根据“You ... wait for your turn.”以及备选词可知,此处表达“必须”,must符合题意。故填must。
【4题详解】
句意:这本书必须在周六之前归还。根据“The book... be returned before Saturday.”以及备选词可知,此处表达“必须”,must符合题意。故填must。
【5题详解】
句意:你可以去找莎莉问问,她可能知道琼去哪儿了。根据“She ... know where Joan has gone.”以及备选词可知,此处表达“可能”,may符合题意。故填may。
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
【6题答案】
【答案】 ①. afraid ②. can’t
【解析】
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“恐怕……支撑不住”。“恐怕……”用固定表达“I’m afraid ...”,“支撑不住”用情态动词can’t表示能力上的不能。故填afraid;can’t。
(枣庄期末)
【7题答案】
【答案】 ①. must ②. follow
【解析】
【详解】句意:我们必须遵守动物园的规则。根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“必须遵守”的表达。“must”意为“必须”,是情态动词,后接动词原形;“follow”意为“遵守”。故填must;follow。
【8题答案】
【答案】 ①. must ②. focus ③. on
【解析】
【详解】根据汉语提示可知第一空应用情态动词“必须”,译为“must”,第二空和第三空应用短语“专注于“,译为“focus on”,情态动词后用动词原形,因此“focus”用原形即可。故填must;focus;on。
(南阳期末)
【9题答案】
【答案】 ①. May##Can##Could ②. I ③. use ④. your ⑤. phone
【解析】
【详解】表示请求可以用句型:May/Can/Could I...?。use“使用”;your phone“你的手机”。故填May/Can/Could;I;use;your;phone。
(南京期末)
【10题答案】
【答案】 ①. there ②. may ③. be
【解析】
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“可能有……”。“有……”用there be句型,“可能”用情态动词may,后接动词原形be。故填there;may;be。
三、句型转换。
【11题答案】
【答案】 ①. can’t ②. any
【解析】
【详解】句意:她会画一些山丘。,含有can的肯定句改为否定句,在can后加not,由于一空一词,can not的缩写是can’t,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑问句,some变any。故填can’t;any。
【12题答案】
【答案】 ①. may ②. be
【解析】
【详解】句意:也许汤姆生病了在家。此处表达“可能生病”,情态动词“可能”英文为“may”;be ill为“生病”,放于情态动词may之后用其动词原形be。故填may;be。
(上海期中)
【13题答案】
【答案】 ①. mustn’t ②. play
【解析】
【详解】句意:你不被允许在喷泉里玩耍。are not allowed to play表示“不被允许玩耍”,其同义表达为mustn’t play,表示“禁止玩耍”。根据are not allowed可知,原句是一般现在时,同义句也用一般现在时,mustn’t是情态动词,后接动词原形play。故填mustn’t;play。
【14题答案】
【答案】 ①. Maybe ②. get
【解析】
【详解】句意:我们可能要买些猪肉。根据题意要改为同义句,“may可能”的同义词是“maybe也许”,所以第一空要填“Maybe”,位于句首,首字母大写,作状语;结合第二空前“should”为情态动词,后接动词原形,所以第二空要填“get”。故填Maybe;get。
(重庆模拟预测)
【15题答案】
【答案】 ①. can’t ②. be
【解析】
【详解】句意:这个发带一定是玛丽的。“must be”表示肯定推测,意为 “一定是”,其否定形式用“can’t be”,表示“不可能是”,用于否定推测。故填can’t;be。
要点补充练
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子。
(黄山三模)
【16题答案】
【答案】bottle##ottle
【解析】
【详解】句意:汤姆捡起了空的瓶子,把它扔进了垃圾桶。根据首字母提示和“empty ... put it into the dust bin”可知,这里需要一个表示“瓶子”的名词,单词“bottle”,词义为“瓶子”,符合题意。句中用了“it”指代,所以用单数形式bottle。故填bottle。
【17题答案】
【答案】exam##xam
【解析】
【详解】句意:这个男孩因为考试作弊被老师惩罚了。根据提示和首字母可知,此处表达“考试”,exam符合题意。故填exam。
【18题答案】
【答案】dialogue
【解析】
【详解】句意:读一读对话并选择正确答案。根据提示可知,dialogue“对话”,符合语境,此处特指某个对话,故dialogue用单数形式。故填dialogue。
(成都期末)
【19题答案】
【答案】fever##ever
【解析】
【详解】句意:大卫发烧了,所以医生为他做了检查并测量了体温。根据提示和首字母可知,此处表示“发烧”,fever符合题意。故填fever。
(长春期中)
【20题答案】
【答案】umbrella
【解析】
【详解】句意:告诉他带一把雨伞,因为外面雨下得很大。根据汉语提示可知,umbrella“雨伞”,是可数名词,“a(n)”后接可数名词单数形式。故填umbrella。
二、根据句意选用方框中所给短语并用其适当形式填空。
【21~25题答案】
【答案】21. worried about
22. have to
23. stay at home
24. get through
25. a bottle of
【解析】
【21题详解】
句意:除了自己的学习以外,他也担心他的同学,关心他们,并总是准备好帮助他们。根据“... cares about them and is always ready to give them a hand”可知,此处表达对同学的关心和担忧。备选词worry about“担心”,为动词短语;结合空格前is可知,此处需用其形容词形式worried about。故填worried about。
【22题详解】
句意:如果你不得不缺课,你必须告诉你的老师。根据“You must tell your teacher if you ... be absent from class”可知,此处表达客观上的必要性。备选词have to“不得不”,主语为you,句子为一般现在时,用原形。故填have to。
【23题详解】
句意:哈尔滨的冬天很冷,所以人们待在家里来保暖。根据“It’s cold in Harbin in winter, so people ... to keep warm”可知,寒冷天气下人们会待在室内。备选词stay at home“待在家里”符合语境,句子为一般现在时,主语people为复数,用原形。故填stay at home。
【24题详解】
句意:我们应该采取一些措施来度过这些困难的日子。根据“We should take some steps to ... the difficult days”可知,此处表达“熬过、度过”困难时期。备选词get through“度过,熬过”符合语境,take steps to do sth.后接动词原形。故填get through。
【25题详解】
句意:她习惯每天早上喝一瓶牛奶。她认为这很健康。根据“She is used to drinking ... milk every morning”可知,此处需要一个量词修饰milk。备选词a bottle of“一瓶”,符合语境。故填a bottle of。
三、语法选择。
【26~35题答案】
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了中学生Anna Brown善良热心,得知镇上有许多患病儿童家庭缺钱后,因无法直接捐很多钱,便开始手工制作并售卖卡片筹款,她还想到请朋友一起帮忙,材料向邻居索取 ,最终为患病儿童筹得不少钱,且越来越多人表示想加入。
【26题详解】
句意:她总是乐于帮助他人。
help帮助,动词原形;to help去帮助,动词不定式;know知道,动词原形;to know去知道,动词不定式。根据“To raise money for the children, she started to make cards.”可知,此处应指她乐于助人,be ready to do sth.“乐于做某事”,固定搭配,要用to help。故选B。
【27题详解】
句意:一天,她发现她所在的镇上有许多患病儿童。
find发现,动词原形;finds动词第三人称单数形式;found动词过去式;has found已经发现,现在完成时。根据“One day”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,要用find的过去式found。故选C。
【28题详解】
句意:对她来说,给他们很多钱并不容易。
for对于;with和……一起;from从;to向。固定句型“It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”,要用介词for。故选A。
【29题详解】
句意:这些卡片都是手工制作的,制作它们花了她很长时间。
A card一张卡片;Card卡片,表泛指;The cards这些卡片,表特指;Cards卡片,复数,表泛指。根据“She enjoyed making and selling beautiful cards.”可知,此处特指前面提到的Anna制作的卡片,且根据“were”可知要用名词复数,要用The cards。故选C。
【30题详解】
句意:Anna突然又有了一个主意。
quiet安静的,形容词;quietly安静地,副词;sudden突然的,形容词;suddenly突然地,副词。根据“Anna ... had another idea.”可知,此处应指Anna突然想到一个主意,需要一个副词修饰动词had,用suddenly。故选D。
【31题详解】
句意:如果她去请朋友们来家里和她一起工作,她可以制作更多卡片。
unless除非;if如果;before在……之前;because因为。根据“She could make more cards ... she went to ask her friends to come to her house and work with her.”可知,“她去请朋友们来家里和她一起工作”是“她可以制作更多卡片”的条件,要用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。
【32题详解】
句意:他们很高兴能够以这种方式表达善意。
happily高兴地,副词;were happily高兴地;happy高兴的,形容词;were happy很高兴,系表结构。根据“They ... to be able to show kindness in this way.”可知,句子缺少谓语,且需要形容词作表语,主语是They,时态为一般过去时,要用were happy。故选D。
【33题详解】
句意:材料很贵,所以Anna向她的邻居要纸和其他东西。
she她,代词主格;her她的,形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself她自己,反身代词。根据“from ... neighbours”可知,此处需要一个形容词性物主代词修饰名词neighbours,要用her。故选B。
【34题详解】
句意:Anna和她的朋友们为贫困的孩子们筹集了很多钱。
kids孩子们,复数;kid孩子,单数;kids’孩子们的,复数名词所有格;kid’s孩子的,单数名词所有格。根据“To raise money for the children ...”可知,此处应表示为贫困的孩子们筹集了很多钱,要用复数名词kids。故选A。
【35题详解】
句意:越来越多的人说他们想加入他们。
when当……时候;what什么;how怎样;that宾语从句引导词,无实义。根据“More and more people say ... they want to join them.”可知,“... they want to join them”是宾语从句,作say的宾语,从句中不缺少成分,要用that引导。故选D。
四、语法填空。
(宁波期中)
【36~45题答案】
【答案】36. an 37. to wait
38. with 39. because
40. were talking
41. to buy 42. offered
43. kindness
44. away 45. greater
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了宁夏银川甜品店老板马丽体谅因摩托车故障迟到的外卖送餐员,得知其想给女儿买蛋糕却嫌贵后,她在微信朋友圈分享此事,引发暖心评论和捐款,最终她将善款赠予有需要的人并感悟到越关心他人世界越美好的故事。
【36题详解】
句意:在一个凉爽的早晨,她收到了一个线上订单,但却花了她一个小时等待外卖送餐员。根据“online order”可知,此处表示“一个线上订单”,online以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。故填an。
【37题详解】
句意:在一个凉爽的早晨,她收到了一个线上订单,但却花了她一个小时等待外卖送餐员。“it takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”为固定句型,意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”,故填to wait。
【38题详解】
句意:她邀请他坐一会儿,并为他提供了一杯热水。provide sb. with sth.为固定短语,意为“为某人提供某物”,故填with。
【39题详解】
句意:那一刻,马丽注意到外卖送餐员的脸和手呈深紫色,因为他在外面工作了太久。“he was working outside for too long”是“脸和手呈深紫色”的原因,故用连词because引导原因状语从句,填because。
【40题详解】
句意:当他们在交谈时,马丽了解到这位外卖送餐员想给女儿买一个生日蛋糕,但觉得有点贵。while表示“当……时”,引导时间状语从句时,从句常用进行时态,结合主句时态为一般过去时,可知从句用过去进行时“were/was + 现在分词”,主语“they”是复数,故填were talking。
【41题详解】
句意:当他们在交谈时,马丽了解到这位外卖送餐员想给女儿买一个生日蛋糕,但觉得有点贵。want to do sth.为固定用法,意为“想要做某事”,故填to buy。
【42题详解】
句意:一些人甚至主动提出花钱买蛋糕。根据上下文可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,offer的过去式为offered,故填offered。
【43题详解】
句意:见面时,马丽向他表达了人们的善意,并给了他一个给女儿的生日蛋糕。“people’s”为名词所有格,后接名词,kind的名词形式为kindness,为不可数名词,故填kindness。
【44题详解】
句意:她说会把这笔钱捐赠给有需要人。give away为固定短语,意为“赠送;捐赠”,故填away。
【45题详解】
句意:我们越关心他人,我们的世界就会变得越美好。“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”表示“越……,越……”,great的比较级为greater,故填greater。
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